Fieldiana Botany, V30 - 4 Orchids of Peru

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University of Illinois Library
AUG 15 1963
L161
H41
ORCHIDS OF PERU
Photograph by Louis O. Williams
CHARLES SCHWEINFURTH
FIELDIANA: BOTANY
A
Continuation of the
BOTANICAL SERIES
of
FIELD
MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
VOLUME
30
CHICAGO,
U.S.A.
1958-1961
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 58-105^6
BY
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA CHICAGO NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM PRESS
ORCHIDS OF PERU
FIELDIANA: BOTANY VOLUME 30, NUMBER 4

Published by
CHICAGO NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM
MARCH
31, 1961
ORCHIDS OF PERU
ORCHIDS OF PERU
Research Fellow,
Botanical
Ames
Orchid Herbarium
Museum
of Harvard University
FIELDIANA: BOTANY VOLUME 30, NUMBER 4

Published by
CHICAGO NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM
MARCH
31, 1961
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 58-105^6
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

BY CHICAGO NATURAL HISTORY
MUSEUM
PRESS
FB
v/.
CONTENTS
Genera Included
Trichopilia
in
Volume
30,
Number 4
PAGE
787
793
Hofmeisterella
923 924
9
Cochlioda
Ornithocephalus
Neodryas
_
,
797
7 qq 7W
Notylia
Odontoglossum
Cryptarrhena
941
_
. .
Symphyglossum
Brassia
Q00 odd
*
Macradema
Tehpogon
Trichoceros
44
4R o
958
961
Miltonia
847
Stellilabium
Solenidium
850
851
Di ch a ea
Pachyphyllum
Centropetalum
962 973
981
Oncidium
Sigmatostalix
916
921
Lockhartia.
Campylocentrum
984
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS TEXT FIGURES

Trichopilia gracilis
Trichopilia juninensis
PAGE
790 792
809
Odontoglossum brevilabium Odontoglossum digitatum Odontoglossum graminifolium Odontoglossum pusillum Odontoglossum tigroides Brassia caudata
Brassia cauliformis Brassia juninensis
813 817 827

831
838
839
843
849
Miltonia parva
Oncidium ampliatum Oncidium luridum

Oncidium ovatilabium
Oncidium pusillum
Sigmatostalix bicallosa
859 887
895
900
918
919
Sigmatostalix crescentilabia
Ornithocephalus patentilobus
Notylia carnosiflora,
Notylia conduplicans
928 933 935 937 939

943
N. mirabilis
Notylia parvilabia Notylia rhombilabia
Cryptarrhena lunata
Macradenia tridentata
Telipogon rhombipetalus Telipogon urceolatus Telipogon Vargasii
945
953
956
957
964 967
971
Dichaea ancoraelabia Dichaea campanulata Dichaea panamensis Dichaea tenuis
972
Pachyphyllum gracillimum Campylocentrum micranthum Campylocentrum minutum
977 987
989
Orchids of Peru
TRICHOPILIA
Lindl.
A rather small genus of American epiphytes extending from Mexico through Central America and the West Indies to Brazil and Bolivia.
Rhizome abbreviated. Pseudobulbs commonly conspicuous and caespitose, more or less ancipitous, 1-leaved. Leaves fleshy or coriaceous, linear and subterete or more commonly rather broad and flat. Scapes lateral, basal, usually short, few-sheathed below, loosely 1- to (rarely) 7-flowered above. Flowers showy and often large, with spreading, often twisted, sepals and petals. Sepals subequal, narrow, usually free, the lateral ones rarely somewhat connate. Petals very similar to the dorsal sepal. Lip varying from sessile to deeply adnate to the column, simple to more or less distinctly 3- or 4-lobed, concave and commonly surrounding the column below; disc smooth, carinate or rarely callose. Column more or less elongate, commonly dilated above, terminated by an ample, membranaceous, entire to 3-lobed and fimbriate clinandrium. Anther opercular, incumbent, 1-celled.
Pollinia 2.
Al.
Leaves fleshy, linear-ligulate, commonly subterete; pseudobulbs inconspicuous to small, up to 2.5 cm. long; flowers relatively small, sepals 2.6 cm. or less long T. subulata (T. hymenantha) A2. Leaves chartaceous to coriaceous, always flat; pseudobulbs conspicuous, I 4.5 cm. or more long
la.
Flowers small, sepals 2.5 cm. or less long; lip entire, obtusely angled in front, bicarinate below T. peruviana
Ib.
la.
Flowers relatively large, sepals about 3 cm. or more long; lip commonly more or less markedly 3-lobed, not obtusely angled in front 1 Leaves definitely petioled; sepals broadly lanceolate, about 15 mm. wide, T. brevis greenish mottled with chocolate; lip 3-carinate
sessile, at most with a narrowed, conduplicate base; sepals linear2 lanceolate or linear, 7.5 mm. or less wide, not mottled
Ib.
Leaves
2a.
Pseudobulbs linear-cylindric, about 10 mm. or less in diameter in the dried 3 specimen; leaf narrow, about 2 cm. wide 2b. Pseudobulbs oblong-cylindric to ellipsoid or ovoid, 25 mm. or more in diameter; leaf relatively broad, 2.6 cm. or more wide; base of the lip without semi4 elliptic calli, merely unicarinate 3a. Flower large, sepals 4.3 cm. or more long; lateral sepals connate below; lip distinctly surpassing the sepals, disc with a pair of semielliptic, fleshy calli near the base T. juninensis
3b.
lip a little shorter calli below
Flower relatively small, sepals 3.3 cm. or less long; lateral sepals entirely free; than the lateral sepals, disc without a pair of semielliptic
T. gracilis
787
788
4a.
FIELDIANA: BOTANY, VOLUME

Median Median
keel uniform, not dilated above keel abruptly dilated
30
T. fragrans
4b.
and cut
off in front.
T, fragrans var. grata (T. grata}
Trichopilia brevis Rolfe, Lindenia 7: 91, t. 332. 1892. Pseudobulbs aggregated, elongate-conic, 8-12 cm. long, unifoliate. Leaf petioled; lamina lanceolate-elliptic or oblong-elliptic, acute, cuneate at the base, 10-16 cm. or more long, 4-5 cm. wide, coriaceous. Scapes lateral, basal, pendent, loosely 2- to 3-flowered above. Flowers large and showy, with spreading segments. Sepals and petals yellowish green blotched with chocolate. Sepals broadly lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, acute, with somewhat revolute sides, about 4 cm. long and 1.5 cm. wide. Petals rather similar to the sepals, lightly oblique. Lip white, subtrilobed above, very broad, nearly equaling the sepals in length, up to 4.8 cm. wide; lateral lobes erect and surrounding the column, broadly rounded, undulate; mid-lobe very broadly rounded, retuse, crisped-undulate, about 2.5 cm. wide; disc with 3 yellow keels in the center of the lower half. Column short, subclavate, about 1.3 cm. long, biauriculate above, with a membranaceous, serrulate clinandrium.
Peru: Habitat and collector not recorded; introduced by L'Horticulture Internationale at Brussels.
Trichopilia fragrans (Lindl.) Reichb. f. Hamb. Gartenz. 14: 229. 1858; Reichb. f. Saund. Refug. Bot. 2: t. 127. 1882; Cogn. & Goos. Diet. Icon. Orch. Trichopilia t. 3. 1898. Pilumna fragrans Lindl. Bot. Reg. 30, Misc. 74. 1844.
Plant variable. Pseudobulbs often aggregated, strongly complanate, oblongcylindric to ellipsoid or ovoid, unifoliate, 4.5-12 cm. long, invested below by several distichous, deeply imbricating, evanescent sheaths. Leaf oval to elliptic or elliptic-oblong, rarely oblong-ligulate, acute, more or less narrowed to a conduplicate base, chartaceous, 11-30 cm. long, 2.7-7.6 cm. wide. Scape lateral, basal, shorter than the leaf, erect to pendent; peduncle bearing 2-4 close, tubular sheaths
which are remote above; raceme very loose, bearing 1-4 (commonly 2 or 3) flowers. Flowers rather large, fragrant, with spreading segments. Sepals green, white or
whitish green, with more or less undulate margins. Dorsal sepal linear-lanceolate or linear-elliptic, acuminate, up to 4.5 (6) cm. long and 7.5 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar but slightly smaller, oblique, entirely free. Petals similar to
very the dorsal sepal but commonly a little broader. Lip rhombic-obovate in outline, lightly 3-lobed above the middle, long-cuneate at the base, with the center strongly adnate to the column, white with a yellow spot near the base, 2.5-4 cm. long, 1.6-3 cm. wide where broadest; lateral lobes shallowly semiobovate and broadly rounded in front, erect, undulate; mid-lobe semiorbicular, retuse and lightly apiculate; disc with a more or less conspicuous, low, uniform, central keel on the basal half. Column straight, more or less dilated above and round-auriculate on each side, 1.5-2.1 cm. long, with a conspicuous, 3-lobulate, lacerate clinandrium.
Cuzco: Prov. of Calca, Lares Valley above Huallhuayoj, 22002400 meters, on rocks, Weberbauer 7903Junm: Chanchamayo Valley, 1500 meters, Schunke 1294Also Hispaniola, Colombia
(type of Pilumna fragrans), and Venezuela.
SCHWEINFURTH: ORCHIDS OF PERU
789
Trichopilia fragrans (Lindl.) Reichb. f. var. grata (Reichb. f.) 1946. TrichoC. Schweinf. Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 12: 193. f. Card. Chron. (1868) 1338. pilia grata Reichb. the lip dilated and This concept differs from the type in having the keel on Like the type, it has fragrant flowers, the sepals and off in front. abruptly cut and the lip white with yellow blotches on either side of the basal keel.
petals green
not recorded; introduced by Peru(?): Habitat and collector Cuzco Prov. of Quispicanchis, Messrs. Veitch (type of T. grata) of Marcapata Valley, "evergreen hard-leafed bushwood consisting Junin: Rio Man1800 meters, Weberbauer 7840 shrubs and
.
:
trees,"
taro, Weberbauer 6582.

Leafl. Harvard Trichopilia gracilis C. Schweinf. Bot. Mus. 161. Univ. 15: 168, t. 56. 1952. Figure
cm. or less high. Plant epiphytic, medium-sized for the genus, about 29.5 caespitose, numerous, linear-cylindric, apparthe apex, 5-11 cm. high, up to 9 mm. in diameter, ently compressed, unifoliate at Leaf concealed at the base by a few firm, evanescent sheaths.
Rhizome abbreviated. Pseudobulbs

striate-sulcate,
narrowed below to linear-oblong to elliptic-oblong, subcoriaceous, acute, shortly 11.7-18 cm. long, a sessile or shortly petioled, complicate or conduplicate base, wide. Inflorescence basal, suberect, very loosely 2- to 3-flowered 1.4-2.1 cm. the terminal flower) subequaling above, shorter than the leaf or rarely (including about 6.5-15 cm. long, with 3 close, tubular, separated the leaf; peduncle slender, shorter than the pedicellate ovary. sheaths; floral bracts closely clasping and much to 4.5 cm. long. Flowers rather small for the genus, camPedicellate ovary up the throat of the lip. Sepals rather fleshy, longipanulate, white with orange on or lanceolate-linear, acuminate, about 3 cm. tudinally concave. Dorsal sepal linear mm. wide when expanded. Lateral sepals free, obliquely linear or lanlong and 4 with a conduplicate apex, about ceolate-linear, lightly decurved, long-acuminate
narrower. Petals obliquely lanceolate-linear, more equaling the dorsal sepal but shorter less lightly decurved, acuminate with a subconduplicate apex, slightly or than the sepals, with the lower portion than the dorsal sepal. Lip a little shorter convolute around the column in natural position, when expanded oblong-obovate, on each side above the middle (thus broadly rounded in front, lightly contracted with the central line below adnate to the lower half subtrilobed), cuneate below, wide near the apex; disc of the column, about 2.5-2.8 cm. long and 1.6-1.8 cm. below the middle. Column short, more or less distinct, fleshy keel with a
short,
about 9
erect,
mm.
somewhat
in an high at the back, stout, slightly dilated upward, terminating bilobed, denticulate clinandrium.
in Junin: Prov. of Tarma, Agua Dulce, 1800 meters, epiphyte dark green, Woytkowski forest, pseudobulbs, leaves and peduncle Same locality, 1900 meters, epiphyte in shady forest, 35473 (type). mid-nerve of the leaf yellowish, lip with 7 orange spots in the center,
Woytkowski 35428.
TRICHOPILIA
qracilis
FIG. 161.
Trichopilia gracilis C. Schweinf.

3, lip
1,
plant;
X ^.
2,
flower ex-
panded;
1.
and column from
side;
1.
790

Trichopilia juninensis C. Schweinf. 424, t., 1945. Figure 162.
Plant slender for the genus.
791
Am.
Orch. Soc. Bull. 13:
Rhizome apparently abbreviated.
Pseudobulb
more or less arcuate in the dried strongly ancipitous, linear-cylindric, unifoliate, clothed below with sevspecimen, about 7.5 cm. long, up to 10 mm. in diameter, Leaf oblong, acute, shortly eral distichous, imbricating, evanescent sheaths.
narrowed to a
15 cm. long and 1.9 cm. petiole-like, conduplicate base, about or spreading, very loosely wide, chartaceous. Scape lateral, basal, short, arcuate 2-flowered above; peduncle about 6 cm. long, provided with 3 separated, closely with spreading, somewhat twisted clasping, tubular sheaths. Flowers large, white, Dorsal sepal linear, acute or short-acuminate, about 4.3 cm. long and segments.
4.8
slightly longer
wide in the middle. Lateral sepals narrowly linear, complicate-acute, than the dorsal sepal, carinate without, connate below for about 1.8 cm. Petals similar to the dorsal sepal but slightly wider, linear, lightly curved near base, complicate-acute. Lip obovate in outline when expanded, distinctly for about 8.5 mm., exceeding the sepals, retuse in front, adnate to the column below 4-lobed above the middle, about 3-3.5 cm. 5.7 cm. in about length, lightly
greatest
mm.
wide across the lateral lobes; lateral lobes semiobovate from a long-narrowed base; mid-lobe transversely oval or reniform, about 1.2 cm. long on each side of the retuse keel which is surrounded apex and about 2.7 cm. wide; disc below with a low central a pair of narrow, semielliptic, fleshy calli. Column rather small, abruptly by
dilated above, about 2 cm. long, including the deeply trilobulate, lacerate wing.
Junin:
Chanchamayo
and
Same
locality
Valley, 1500 meters, Schunke 1299 (type). altitude, Schunke 523.

11. 1915.
Trichopilia peruviana Kranzl. Oesterr. Gartenz. 10:
Rhizome short. Pseudobulbs ancipitous, linear-cylindric or linear-oblong, uniacute or acuminate, foliate, up to 10 cm. long and 2 cm. wide. Leaves lanceolate, and 4 cm. wide, coriashortly complicate at the rounded base, up to 15 cm. long Inflorescences 2- or more-flowered above; peduncle clothed with small, ceous.
short, acute, scarious sheaths.
Flowers white. Sepals lanceolate, acuminate, or very slightly twisted, 2.5 cm. long, 4-5 mm. wide. Petals oblongstraight lanceolate, acute, equally long but nearly twice as wide as the sepals. Lip simple, cuneate-obovate, obtuse-angled in front, lightly emarginate in the middle [?of each 1.5 cm. wide in front; disc very miside], equally as long as the other segments, with 2 rather obscure yellowish calli extending from the base nutely velutinous, to beyond the middle. Column about half as long as the lip, the margin of the
clinandrium 3-partite and minutely denticulate.
of
Peru: Habitat and collector not recorded; imported by P. Wolter Magdeburg (type) .Junin, fide Schlechter, Fedde Repert. Beih.
9: 169. 1921.
No
material of this concept was seen.

f.
Trichopilia subulata (Sw.) Reichb. Cogn. Urban Symb. Antill. 6: 628. 1910.
Flora 48: 278. 1865; Epidendrum subulatum
TRICHOPIUIA
/uninensis
/I
C/.
(5 c Pi we in
FIG. 162.
sepal;
Trichopilia juninensis C. Schweinf.

3, petal;
1,
plant;
XI.
XI.
4, lateral sepals;
XI.
5, lip
X 4 A- 2, dorsal expanded; XI. 6, col-
umn
from
side;
1.
792

Sw. Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ. 123. 1788.
Ind. Occ. 3: 1473. 1806.
2: 90. 1854;
793
Cymbidium subulatum Sw.
Fl.
Reichb.
f.
Trichopilia hymenantha Reichb. f. Bonpl. Xen. Orch. 1: 15, t. 7, figs. I, 1-11. 1854;
Hook. f. Bot. Mag. 98: t. 5949. 1872. Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. App. 1854.
Leucohyle Warscewiczii Kl.
Plant slender, variable. Rhizome abbreviated. Pseudobulbs aggregated, small and inconspicuous, linear-cylindric, lightly compressed, 8-25 mm. long, Leaves fleshy, linear or subterete, channelled, acuminate and often unifoliate. mucronate, 10.8-22.9 cm. long, up to 10 mm. wide. Scapes lateral, basal, short, lax to pendent, loosely several-flowered nearly to the base, up to 15 cm. long.
Flowers small, with spreading segments. Sepals and petals white to pale yellow, white with red or purplish spots. Dorsal sepal lanceolate, linear-lanceolate or elliptic-linear, acuminate, 1.6-2.6 cm. long, 3-4 mm. wide near the middle. Lateral sepals entirely free, obliquely linear-lanceolate, acuminate, dorsally carinate, with a more or less prominent subapical mucro, about as long and broad as the dorsal sepal or narrower. Petals similar to the dorsal sepal, more or less oblique. Lip suborbicular and obscurely 4-lobed or round-obovate, concave with the sides of the lower part surrounding the column, abruptly acute or obtuse and apiculate, the margins irregularly denticulate to lacerate, 1.5-2 cm. long, 1.4-1.8 cm. wide; disc provided at the base with a small, subquadrate, depressed callus or with a pair of small, converging calli. Column short, stout, clavate, lightly recurved above, 6-9 mm. long including the wing, terminating in a relatively large, cucullate, suborbicular-obovate, denticulate wing with a small subulate process on each side
lip
below.
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Warscewicz s.n. (type of Leucohyle Warscewiczii). Also the West Indies (type of Epidendrum subulatum),
Panama and Colombia
(T. hymenantha).
COCHLIODA
restricted to Ecuador,
Lindl.
Small or medium-sized South American epiphytes apparently Peru and Bolivia.
Rhizome abbreviated. Stems very short, thickened into compressed, 1- or 2leaved pseudobulbs. Leaves linear or oblong to lorate. Scapes 1 or 2, lateral, basal, erect, arcuate or pendent, loosely racemose (sometimes paniculate) above. Floral bracts large or more commonly small and inconspicuous. Flowers small or medium-sized, scarlet to rose-red, with spreading segments. Sepals subequal, free.
is
Petals broader than the sepals, somewhat oblique. Lip with an erect claw which more or less adnate to the column and with a spreading lamina; lamina 3-lobed,
with the lateral lobes rounded or oblong and often reflexed; mid-lobe porrect, entire or dilated
above and retuse to bilobed in

Pollinia 2.
front.
Column
erect
incurved, slender, often auricled above, with 2 stigmatic orifices.

opercular, incumbent.
and more or less Anther terminal,
Al.
Mid-lobe of the Mid-lobe of the
lip lip
A2.
oblong or cuneate, not markedly dilated in front. C. rosea markedly dilated above and retuse to bilobed in front. I
.
794
30
la.
Floral bracts conspicuous, about equaling the pedicellate ovary.

C. densiflora
Ib.
Floral bracts small
and inconspicuous, much shorter than the pedicellate

1
ovary Pseudobulbs 2-leaved; flowers rose-purple Ib. Pseudobulbs 1-leaved; flowers scarlet
la.
C. vulcanica
2
2a.
2b.
Lateral sepals elliptic-lanceolate; petals broad, oval Lateral sepals oblanceolate-oblong; petals oblong-elliptic
C. Noezliana
C. Beyrodtiana
Cochlioda Beyrodtiana
Schltr. Orchis 13: 5. 1919.
Plant medium-sized. Pseudobulbs aggregated, ellipsoid to broadly ovoid, compressed, unifoliate, 3-4 cm. high. Leaves narrowly lorate, subobtuse, 1015 cm. long, 1.7-2 cm. wide. Scape erect, up to 20 cm. high; peduncle slender, with several (5-7) small, tubular, remote sheaths; raceme about 8 cm. long, very
loose, 7- to 10-flowered.
Floral bracts small, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, concave, about one third as long as the pedicellate ovary. Flowers bright scarlet, with widely spreading segments. Dorsal sepal lanceolate or oblanceolate, acute, about
1.5 cm. long. Lateral sepals about equally long but apparently more or less narrower, oblique. Petals obliquely oblong-elliptic, acute, about as long as the sepals, wider than the dorsal sepal. Lip about 1.5 cm. long, with a short cuneate claw, 3-lobed in the middle where about 1.2 cm. wide; lateral lobes obliquely oblong,
obtuse; mid-lobe reniform, shortly clawed below, bilobulate in front; disc with 4 parallel, minutely puberulent keels extending to the base of the midlobe. Column
slender for the genus, about 1.5 cm. or less high, with a pair of semiquadrate auricles.
Peru: Habitat and collector not recorded. Plant appeared in the nursery of Herr Beyrodt in Marienfeld near Berlin.
Cochlioda densiflora
Orchis 13:
3.
Lindl. Fol. Orch. Cochlioda 1853; Schltr.

f.
1919.
Mesospinidium densiflorum Reichb.
Card.
Chron. (1872) 393.

Plant about 21 cm. high, stout. Pseudobulb complanate-oval or oblong-oval, about 5 cm. high, unifoliate, surrounded at the base by 2 pairs of distichous sheaths of which the longer upper ones are leaf-bearing. Leaf on the pseudobulb oblong, obtuse, narrowed below to an indistinct, conduplicate petiole, about 14 cm. long and 1.8 cm. wide, coriaceous, with the mid-nerve prominent beneath. Scape suberect, lateral, basal in the axil of a leaf-bearing sheath, slightly surpassing the leaf;
peduncle about 12.7 cm. long, entirely concealed by several close, tubular sheaths; raceme subdense, about 9-flowered. Floral bracts large and prominent, spreading, ovate-lanceolate, cucullate, about as long as the pedicellate ovary. Flowers rather
large, apparently white to cream-color, with widely spreading segments. Dorsal sepal ovate-elliptic or "roundish," acute, nearly 1.5 cm. long. Lateral sepals much narrower, spatulate-oblong or oblanceolate, oblique, acute, "nearly parallel," ap-
longer than the dorsal sepal. Petals very similar to the dorsal Lip adnate to the column up to the middle of the latter, deeply 3-lobed, ovate in outline, distinctly shorter than the lateral sepals; lateral lobes "roundish" or semioval, spreading; mid-lobe "linear-oblong" or subquadrate, abruptly dilated and bilobed in front; disc at the base with a pair of linear, fleshy
parently a
little
sepal, oblique.

calli
795
which terminate
in a "bivalve gland."
Column
s.n.
elongate, arcuate, biauricu-
late at the apex.
Peru: Habitat unrecorded, Mathews
6: 55,
Cochlioda Noezliana (Hort. ex Card. Chron.) Rolfe, Lindenia t. 266. 1891; Hook. f. Bot. Mag. 122: t. 7474. 1896; Cogn.
&
Goos. Diet. Icon. Orch. Cochlioda t. 2. 1899; Schltr. Orchis 13: 4. 1919. Odontoglossum Noezlianum Hort. ex Card. Chron. ser. 3, 8: 570, 602. 1890.
Plant rather large and showy, with an abbreviated rhizome. Pseudobulbs clustered, complanate-ovoid to broadly ellipsoid, unifoliate, 3-5 cm. high, surrounded at the base by 1 or 2 pairs of distichous, leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves oblong to linear-oblong, obtuse to acuminate, cuneate, narrowed to a subpetiolate,
channelled base, 7.6-25 cm. long, 2-2.5 cm. wide. Scape erect to arcuate or pendup to 40 cm. long; peduncle with numerous short, clasping, subremote, tubular sheaths; flower cluster racemose or somewhat paniculate, lax, few- to many-flowered. Floral bracts oblong-lanceolate or ovate, acute or acuminate, commonly equaling
ent,
one third or one fourth of the pedicellate ovary. Flowers bright scarlet with yellow on the lip, with spreading segments, 2.5-4 cm. across. Dorsal sepal oblong-elliptic, abruptly acute, about 1.6-2 cm. long, 5-8 mm. wide. Lateral sepals lanceolate-elliptic, acute and apiculate at the tip, slightly longer but markedly narrower than the dorsal sepal, somewhat oblique. Petals ovate-elliptic or oval, acute, slightly oblique, about as long as the dorsal sepal but somewhat broader, with irregular crenulate margins. Lip adnate to the column nearly to the apex of the latter, deeply 3-lobed above the middle, cuneate at the base, about 1.7-2 cm. long and broad when expanded, rotund-ovate in outline; lateral lobes obliquely quadrate-suborbicular, spreading; mid-lobe subequal, decurved, obcordate, from a broad cuneate base dilated above with a lightly retuse apex and undulate upper margins; disc below with a broad, transverse, 4-lobulate callus or with 4 short, parallel, fleshy keels. Column long and slender, with a trilobed apex, 1.3-1.5 cm.
long at the back.
Peru: Habitat and collector not recorded; introduced by M. Cuzco, Puno, fide Schlechter, Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 168. 1921. Also Bolivia.
Noezli (type).
(Lindl.) Benth. Journ. Linn. Soc. 18: 327. 1881; Goos. Diet. Icon. Orch. Cochlioda t. 3. 1899; Schltr. Orchis Cogn. 13: 7. 1919. Odontoglossum roseum Lindl. Benth. PL Hartw. 151. 1844; Hook. f. Bot. Mag. 100: t. 6084. 1874. Mesospinidium roseum Reichb. f. Gard. Chron. (1872) 393.
Cochlioda rosea
&
Plant small to medium-sized. Rhizome abbreviated. Pseudobulbs aggregated, ovoid to broadly ellipsoid, strongly complanate, unifoliate or bifoliate, 3-5 cm. high, surrounded at the base by 2 pairs of distichous sheaths of which the
larger upper ones are leaf-bearing. Leaves variable, elliptic-oblong to linear, acute to obtuse, cuneate-narrowed to a conduplicate, subpetiolate base, 5.8-20 cm. long,
796
30
1-2.5 cm. wide, with the mid-nerve conspicuous beneath. Scapes lateral, basal in the axil of a sheath, erect to flexuous or arcuate, 13-40 cm. long; peduncle with several more or less remote, short, tubular, evanescent sheaths. Flower cluster
racemose to sometimes paniculate, loosely
5- to 20-flowered.
Floral bracts ovate

less.
to lanceolate, acute, concave, half as long as the slender pedicellate ovary or
Flowers rose-red, with spreading segments, 2-3.5 cm. in diameter. Dorsal sepal narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, acute, prominently apiculate, about 11 mm. long,
to 4 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar, obliquely elliptic-lanceolate, slightly longer and markedly narrower than the dorsal sepal. Petals lanceolate-elliptic, acute, about as long as the dorsal sepal but more or less broader. Lip about as long as the petals, adnate to the lower third of the column, about 9.5-16 mm. long,
up
sharply 3-lobed below or near the middle, ovate in outline; lateral lobes short, very obliquely ovate or rhombic from a cuneate base; mid-lobe much larger, porrect, linear-oblong, linear-lanceolate or cuneate, obtuse or truncate and not or very slightly dilated (but not bilobed) at the apex; disc with 1 or 2 pairs of short fleshy keels near the base. Column stout, with a 3-lobed apex, about 6.5 mm. high at
the back.
Cajamarca,
fide Schlechter,
Fedde Repert. Beih.

.
9: 168. 1921.
Ecuador (type
of Odontoglossum roseum)
f.)
Cochlioda vulcanica (Reichb.
Man. Orch.
lioda
1. 1.
PI. 9: 189.
1893
1
j
Cogn.
&
Benth. & Hook. f. ex Veitch Goos. Diet. Icon. Orch. Coch-
1898; Cogn. Martius Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6: 209, t. 44, fig. 2. 1905; Schltr. Orchis 13: 6. 1919. Mesospinidium vulcanicum Reichb. f. Hook. f. Bot. Mag. 98: t. 6001. 1872. Card. Chron. (1872) 393;
Plant medium-sized, with an abbreviated rhizome. Pseudobulbs aggregated, narrowly ovoid, strongly compressed, 2.5-6 cm. long, bifoliate, surrounded in youth by several pairs of distichous, leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves elliptic-oblong to narrowly oblong-ligulate, abruptly acute or subobtuse, attenuate below to a subpetioled conduplicate base, 7.6-15 cm. long, 1.3-3.5 cm. wide, coriaceous, with the mid-nerve carinate beneath. Scape lateral, basal in the axil of a sheath, suberect to nodding, 20-40 cm. long; peduncle provided with several clasping, short, subremote sheaths; raceme rather laxly several- to many-flowered. Floral bracts narrowly triangular, concave, short-acuminate, much shorter than the pedicellate ovary. Flowers rose-purple, with spreading segments. Dorsal sepal elliptic-lanceolate, acute, about 1.6 cm. long and 5 mm. wide. Lateral sepals markedly longer and narrower than the dorsal sepal, obliquely oblong-lanceolate or oblong-oblancePetals similar to and as long as the dorsal sepal but olate, dorsally carinate. markedly broader, lightly oblique, acute. Lip adnate to the column up to the middle of the latter, about 1.8-2.2 cm. long when expanded, rather deeply 3-lobed near the middle, rhombic-ovate in outline; lateral lobes recurved, triangularsemiobovate, spreading from a cuneate base; mid-lobe reflexed, much longer, with an oblong claw, dilated and retuse in front; disc at the base of the mid-lobe with 2 pairs of short, oblong, fleshy keels of which the middle ones are longer. Column rather slender, lightly clavate above, 1.2-1.5 cm. long, denticulate at the apex. This orchid was not included by Schlechter among the Peruvian species, but was designated from that country by Cogniaux in Martius Fl. Bras, 3, pt. 6:
1
it
212. 1905.

of the Peru: Eastern part, source
Maranon
River, Spruce s.n.
Also Ecuador (type).
NEODRYAS
A
Reichb.
f.
to the apparently confined small genus of American epiphytes Peru. Andean regions of Bolivia and
A1
A2*
la
....... N. densiflora 7-lobed callus at the base Lio definitely 3-lobed, with a or disc of the lip with a more the base; L D slml without a 7-lobed callus at and lobulate above ..... ...... I which is dilated cauus tess and truncate to lightly retuse the lip broader than long,
ZmS
JSSTSlfsometimes
*^n irovt^ ^ ^^ ^ ^.^

lip
N. reniformis)
Ib.
Anterior part of the
commonly
longer than broad,
Neodryas densiflora Reichb.
f.
Gard. Chron. n.
ser. 3: 492.
1875.
rect, auriculate
wings above.
798

Peru: Habitat not recorded, Davis
Description drawn from a record
s.n.
30
bach Herbarium.
No
of the type from the Reichenexample of the species was available.
Neodryas rhodoneura Reichb.

6
f
:
f.
'
Xen. n '.V 2L 1878. Orch. 3 ib Gray Herb Harvard Univ. 117: 39,
9i^
12~25 1854
'
Bot. Zeit. 10: 835. 1852;
Neodryas Neodryas latilabia Smith

figs. a-c.
MaMi Reich
Xen "'
& Harris, Con1937. Neodryas
'
39
in flor*l details, growing on trees or rocks Pseudobulbs complanate, ovoid (rarely) to nar rowly ellipsoid or pyriform-cylindric, unifoliate, 2.5-6 cm. long, invited by 2 or more pairs of distichous, imbricating sheaths of which the upper ones a areleaf n
Rhizn,
Rhizome more or
de
(
V6getatively
and
less creeping.
beL
cm
obacut or subacute, more or less long-cuneate at the >blong acute

f
ae
o e
less exceeding the leaves, 13-40 cm. or more long; peduncle slender, with 2 to 4 remote ' short tubular, appressed and evanescent sheaths; inflorescence
1S C m nIy 5~ 15 Cm IOng F1 Wers small eampanu ate puple T'? and white or rarely red-orange. Dorsal sepal strongly concave-cucullate th what carinate on thTbtck about
Petiole net/ T' lateral, basal, in the axil of an to about nelled. Scapes
f
,
ft en
much
base,
up
to 28
smaller );
7 cm. iong,
upper sheath, more or
d^TcS
long
mm. long, 3.8 mm. wide when expanded. Lateral sepals about equally long connate into a deeply concave, oval lamina which is bicarinate without somewhat broader than the dorsal sepal and bidentate at the apex, forming a pair a P1CUla 10 beS alS suborb -ular-ovate, ap'icuLe, somewhat than the sepals and e H /!f markedly broader than the dorsal sepal. Lip slightly shorter than the sepals, simple, abruptly deflexed above, somewhat sigmoid when viewed from the side; basal
mTone sTm
^ ^
'
"
'
rfSSSd
st'L t^th
e
"
portion incurved, claw-like, short,
Ivate broader thanT d er than long, more or ovate,
and sometimes apiculate

apparently
oblong abruptly dilated ( at the ba f * CaI1US C IUmn V6ry Sh rt and stout about 3 mm. or less l?n, at tL h I with a I" the back long pair of porrect, oblong-ovate, sometimes bidentate wings above and just below, with a pair of short, triangular lobes which areToinTfn
cordate at the base, truncate or lightly retuse in front, with the sides more or less undulate thus obulate; disc below (through the claw-like base)
^^
less
is
""**"
^^ ^^
'
sometiTs moTe
Or
eX P anded
<*-
aL
SSSTSSjfr
C:
wl ch
;:
^than
'
^0"^
)Q 1993.-
Quebrada de Quera, 3050 meters, Vargas .co: ^ Bosques de Choque-Chusco to Mollepata, 3400 meVargas 1163. Prov. of Paucartambo, slopes of Pillahuata, 3000 epiphyte in "ceja de la montana," Vargas 3663. Also Bo-
bancai '
ters,
neters
livia (types of
zv.
Neodryas rhodoneura, N. Mandonii, N.
latilabia
and
remformis).

Neodryas Weberbaueriana
1918.
Beibl. 117: 31. 1916.
799
Orchis 12: 90. Kranzl. Engler Bot. Janrb. t>4, Cochlioda Weberbaueriana
(Kranzl.)
Schltr
more or Plant variable, epiphytic. Rhizome creeping,
less
abbreviated
Pseu-
flo^duS
or 3 or loosely paniculate with 2 loose below, more or less d many-flowered, commonly to dark orange-red, on rather long,
Tampanulate, orange
to to oval-ovate ( oblong ), acute Pnal strongly concave, lanceolate-elliptic conwide when expanded. Lateral sepals bng, 4-5.2 mm. about 7 8^9 without, nearly bicarinate or suborbicular lamina which is nate' f orm ng an empi
J"^-Jjjj ^ '^JP^^j J^jf^^
mm
obovate-oblong and pan other segments in natural position, edly shorter than the
front) just
below the apical
pair.
2900 meters, common tween Salcabamba and Surcubamba, Montepungo, Stork & Horton 10428. zone forest, flowers waxy, Hor3000 meters, flowers waxy, Stork & 5 km. east of Surcubamba, Macbnde about 1800 meters, on trees, ton 10370,-Huanuco: Yanano, c form than typical); -Junm: Prov 3666 (a smaller and stouter above the valley of Rio Mantaro Huancayo, on the left side of Weberbauer in sclerophyllous vegetation, Huachicna, 3100 meters,
in fog
Huancavelica: Prov. of Tayacaja,
Ampurco woods, on
trail
be-
6549 (type of Cochlioda Weberbaueriana).
ODONTOGLOSSUM HBK.
American orchids, chiefly epiphytic, the West Mexico through Central America, locally in extending from
large genus of tropical
800
30
Indies and south to Peru and Bolivia, the center of distribution
being Colombia.
Plants variable, small and inconspicuous to very large and showy with an abbreviated or creeping rhizome. Pseudobulbs commonly conspicuous, 1- to 3leaved at the apex, surrounded at the base by one to several pairs of distichous,
imbricating,
commonly
leaf-bearing sheaths.
Leaves usually narrow and elongate.
or surpassing the leaves, racemose, simple-paniculate or compound-paniculate. Floral bracts minute to conspicuous and subequaling the pedicellate ovary, concave. Flowers very small to large and
Scapes
lateral, basal, stout,
commonly equaling
showy, with spreading segments. Sepals subequal, commonly lanceolate or oblong to broadly obovate, free or the lateral sepals rarely connate below. Petals similar to the sepals, commonly shorter and either narrower or broader. Lip simple or 3-lobed, with the basal portion (often narrow and claw-like) erect and commonly parallel with the column and the anterior part more or less sharply reflexed, the margins entire to lacerate or fimbriate; lateral lobes short, erect; mid-lobe entire or emarginate, narrow or very broad; disc below commonly carinate, callose or Column very crested, sometimes with conspicuous tubercles or radiate keels. short to rather elongate, naked or with a pair of simple to lobed or lacerate wings above. Anther terminal, opercular, incumbent, 1-celled or imperfectly 2-celled. Pollinia 2, ovoid, affixed to a narrow stipe.
Al. A2.
la.
Inflorescence racemose or rarely with a short branch at the base
Inflorescence paniculate, rarely with but a single short branch (in the specimens seen) 21
Ib.
la.
Sepals and petals strongly crisped-undulate Sepals and petals not strongly crisped-undulate,
much longer than broad ... 3

O.
Lip with a prominent,

acute to acute
free, auricled
claw at the base; sepals and petals sub-
Harryanum
Ib.
Lip without a prominent, free claw at the base; sepals and petals obtuse to
lightly retuse
2a.
2b.
longer than broad; pseudobulb "linear." O. brevifolium var. Weberbauerianum (0. Weberbauerianum) Dorsal sepal not oblong (obovate or oblong-obovate), a little longer than O. brevifolium (0. chiriquense, O. coronarium, 0. brachypterum) broad
Dorsal sepal oblong,
much
3a.
3b.
Margins Margins
of the anterior portion of the

of the anterior portion of the
lamina of the lamina of the
lip entire lip
or nearly so ... 4
4a.
dentate (rarely undulate-crenate; cf. 5 of the lip long-narrowed above (very acuminate) of the lip not long-narrowed above, obtuse or retuse to apiculate or 4b. 7 acute
denticulate to lacerate14 0. epidendroides HBK.)
Lamina Lamina
5a.
Disc of the Disc of the
lip lip
5b.
6a.
with 2 sigmoid, upcurved horns with 4 crests or numerous filaments
0. cirrhosum 6 0. praestans
Lip with 4 dentate-lacerate crests near the base; wings of the column more
or less lacerate
6b.
Lip with numerous slender, more or less branched filaments; wings of the O. Hennisii column subentire (subdenticulate above)
1
In O. Harryanum the sepals and petals are merely more or

is
less
in order to avoid possible misunderstanding, this concept branches of the key.
undulate, but, included in both

7a.
801
Lip distinctly 3-lobed (not pandurate), with the mid-lobe markedly narrower 8 than the basal portion
7b.
Lip simple or pandurate, if 3-lobulate the apical portion (mid-lobe) nearly as 10 broad as or broader than the basal portion
Flowers
elliptic,
8a.
more
large, sepals about 2.5 cm. or more long; sepals lanceolate or oblongor less acuminate; disc of the lip with a digitately lobed callus.
O. digitatum
8b.
Flowers small; sepals and petals oblong-cuneate to broadly obovate, rounded to abruptly acute at the apex; disc of the lip with a pair of entire keels or
subentire
calli
9a.
few-flowered; flowers sulphur-colored; lateral sepals carinate below; O. anthoxanthum disc of the lip with a pair of elongate, fleshy calli
Raceme
9b.
Raceme many-
on a yellowish ground;
lOa.
(10- or more-) flowered; flowers with 2 broad, brown bands lateral sepals not carinate below; disc of the lip with
calli
a pair of fleshy, ellipsoid

lOb.
O. tigroides
11 Flowers relatively large, sepals about 3.3 cm. or more long Flowers medium-sized to small, sepals about 2 cm. or less long; lamina of the 12 lip not pandurate
lla.
lib.
12a.
O. Harnjanum Lamina of the lip pandurate Lamina of the lip oblong or elliptic-oblong, not pandurate ... 0. epidendroides
Lower, erect portion of the lip broader than the anterior portion (thus no evident claw); disc with a sulcate callus or a pair of simple elongate calli O. graminifolium which are free at the apex
12b.
markedly clawed);
13a.
Lower, erect portion of the lip much narrower than the anterior part (thus 13 disc without a pair of simple calli
Flowers small, dorsal sepal 7.5
mm.
or less long; petals narrowed below. O. pusillum
13b.
Flowers medium-sized, dorsal sepal about 15 broader below
mm.
or
more
long; petals much O. crocatum
14a.
14b.
15a.
Wings on the column Wings on the column
lacerate or pectinate
15
entire or crenulate, at least not lacerate-dentate ... 17
Flowers relatively large, sepals 4 cm. or more long (rarely smaller); basal callus consisting of a large multipectinate crest O. Hallii Flowers smaller, sepals 3.5 cm. or
processes
less long; basal callus consisting of radiating
15b.
16
16a.
16b.
17a.
Lip rounded and apiculate in front; basal callus with the 4 middle keels much O. tripudians larger and longer than the others and spiny-produced Lip acute or acuminate; basal callus consisting of similar keels. .O. cristatum
17b.
18a.
Lamina Lamina
Margins
of the lip ovate-lanceolate, lacerate-dentate of the lip
O. lacerum
oblong or subquadrate-ovate to pandurate, sometimes
18b.
19a.
broader near the apex, denticulate or crenate 18 of the lip undulate-crenate; lamina obtuse; disc with a 3-tuberculate callus at the base O. epidendroide? Margins of the lip denticulate; lamina subacute to acute; disc without a
3-tuberculate callus
19
Lamina Lamina
side)
of the lip "oval-oblong" or subquadrate-ovate, not contracted of the lip
on
each side
19b.
O. juninense
pandurate or dilated at the apex
(i.e.,
contracted on each 20
. .
802
20a.
30
Sepals and petals acuminate; basal crest consisting of numerous filiform or setaceous calli; column-wings rhombic O. subuligerum
20b.
2 la.
Sepals and petals acute; basal crest bi dentate in front with a tooth or apicule on each side; column wings obsolete, crenulate O. Hrubyanum
column very prominent and spreading, setose or elongateand petals long-acuminate 22 21b. Wings of the column not long and prominent, often deflexed or wanting ... 24 22a. Lip abruptly 3-lobed in the middle; column with a trifid hood at the apex.
Wings
of the
falcate; sepals
O. multistellare
22b.
23a.
Lip simple or lightly 3-lobulate Sepals and petals white spotted with brown; horns; column without angles below
keels;
23
lip
with a pair of diverging O. cirrhosum
23b.
24a.
Sepals and petals yellow spotted with brown or purple; lip with four dentate column with a pair of angles below O. praestans Lip pandurate, or with the anterior portion broader than the basal part ... 25
Lip not pandurate, the anterior portion not broader than the basal part ... 29 Lamina of the lip broadly obovate; column with apical wings. O. mystacinum (Cyrtochilum mystacinum, Odontoglossum rigidum) 25b. Lamina of the lip not broadly obovate; column without noticeable apical 26 wings 26a. Flowers relatively large, sepals 1.6 cm. or more long 27 26b. Flowers small, sepals about 8.8 mm. or less long 28
24b.
25a. 27a.
Lip sharply acute or acuminate; basal crests dentate below, 2-toothed above.
O. ringens
27b.
28a.
Lip very shortly acute; basal crests divided into 3 subequal teeth above. O. fracliflexum 1
Sepals and petals spatulate or oblong-spatulate; lip very slightly constricted in the middle and very little broader above the middle O. obscurum Sepals and petals oblong-oblanceolate; lip much constricted and markedly broader above the middle
in the middle
28b.
29a.
O. pusillum
29b.
30a.
30b.
31a.
Outline of the lip 3-lobed, often indistinctly so Outline of the lip simple Base of the lip with a linear, sulcate callus or 2 prominent keels Base of the lip without a linear, sulcate callus or 2 prominent keels
30
42
31
36
Lip obscurely lobulate
32
31b.
32a.
Lip distinctly 3-lobed or with a conspicuous linear-oblong or lanceolate anterior lobule 34

Flowers small, sepals about 8-10 mm. long; disc of the lip with one sulcate keel or 2 approximate keels ending in diverging lamellae O. longipes 33 Flowers medium-sized to large, sepals 15 mm. or more long
32b.
33a.
Leaves
33b.
34a.
flat in the dried specimen, acute or acuminate. .O. aureo-purpureum Leaves strongly revolute in the dried specimen, obtuse O. revolutum Flowers large, sepals and petals about 15 mm. or more long; lip contracted into a linear-oblong or lanceolate lobule above O. revoluium
34b.
Flowers small, sepals and petals about 13 into a linear-oblong lobule above
mm.
or less long; lip not contracted
35
it
When
cifically
specimens of this concept are available, separable from O. ringens.
may
not prove to be spe-

Lateral lobes of the
lip
803
semiorbicular; mid-lobe lanceolate-triangular. O. myrianthum
Lateral lobes of the lip rhombic, antrorse; mid-lobe of the lip trapezoid. 0. melanthes
Flowers very small, lateral sepals about 5 mm. or less long Flowers larger, lateral sepals 10 mm. or more long
37 38
Leaves oblong or elliptic-oblong, 6 cm. or less long; panicle short, fewbranched, about 5 cm. or less high; dorsal sepal suborbicular. .O. microthyrsus Leaves linear or oblong-linear, 14.5 cm. or more long; panicle elongate, many-branched, about 57 cm. long; dorsal sepal obovate-oblong. 0. depauperatum 39 Apex of the lip broad, retuse or subtruncate and apiculate
Apex
of the lip narrow, oblong, linear-lanceolate to triangular or triangular-
cuspidate
40
1.7
Pseudobulb unifoliate; flowers relatively small, dorsal sepal long, orange-scarlet; lip bicallose below
cm. or less O. retusum
Pseudobulb bifoliate; flower large, dorsal sepal about 2.5 cm. long, pale yellow lined with brown; lip with a single digitately divided callus at the base.
0. digitatum
Flowers small, sepals 12.8

sepals as the sepals
mm.
or less long; lip less than half as long as the 0. brevilabium
Flowers relatively large, sepals about 23
mm.
or
more
long; lip nearly as long
41
Sepals and petals acuminate; lip 3-lobed in the middle; mid-lobe triangularO. multistellare cuspidate, long-acuminate
Sepals and petals acute; lip 3-lobed below the middle; mid-lobe linearO. trilobum lanceolate, obtuse to subacute
Apex Apex
of the lip broad, truncate or retuse
of the lip narrow, at
and apiculate most minutely bilobulate at the
O. retusum
tip
43
44
Flowers very small, sepals 10 bicarinate at the base
mm.
or less long; lip simply unicarinate or
47 Flowers relatively large, sepals 2 cm. or more long Petals sessile (not distinctly clawed), much broader than the sepals; keels of the lip high O. megalophium Petals clawed or distinctly narrowed below, narrower than the dorsal 45 sepal
Inflorescence with a few simple branches (subpaniculate) ; sepals 6-10
mm.
46
long
Inflorescence with numerous, compound branches sepals minute, apparently 5 mm. long
Leaves over 2 cm. wide;
lip bicarinate, with entire pair of small, falcate-oblong wings above
(compound paniculate); O. myanthum margins; column with a

O. longifolium
Leaves 1.2 cm. or less wide; lip unicarinate, lightly retuse in the middle of each side; column terminating in a pair of blunt, triangular teeth above. O. obscurum
Inflorescence very slender, subpaniculate; lip lacerate;
of subtruncate
column with a pair

O. lacerum
wings
Inflorescence broad, spreading-paniculate; lip not lacerate; column wingless

. .
48
804
48a.
30
48b.
Base of the lip with a pair of membranaceous, serrate to dentate keels and with a long central keel which is flanked in front by a pair of sharp teeth or horns 0. angnstatum (O. bellum, O. Loesenerianum, O. telraplasium) Base of the lip with a pair of fleshy, entire keels with a successive series of 3 and 2 fleshy calli 0. aureo-purpureum (0. compactum, O. Koehleri)
1
Odontoglossum angustatum
1837; Fol. Orch.
Odontoglossum
Lindl. Bot. Reg. 23: sub t. 1992. 17, no. 48. 1852. Odontoglossum
tetraplasium Reichb. f. Card. Chron. n. ser. 3: 558. 1875. Odontoglossum bellum Schltr. Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 108. 1921; Mansf.
Fedde Repert. Beih. 57: t. 127, nr. 499. 1929. Odontoglossum Loesenerianum Schltr. Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 110. 1921; Mansf. Fedde
Repert. Beih. 57:
t.
128, nr. 502. 1929.

Pseudobulbs strongly complanate, cylindric to
Plant stout, very variable.
ellipsoid or ovoid, commonly bifoliate, about 8 cm. or less long, surrounded by 1-5 pairs of distichous, imbricating, conduplicate sheaths of which the upper ones
are leaf-bearing.
Leaves oblanceolate or oblanceolate-oblong, acute,
sessile at
the
gradually narrowed, conduplicate base, very variable in size, up to 42 cm. long and 4.5 cm. wide (the outer ones on each side successively smaller). Scapes lateral, basal, stout, commonly much surpassing the leaves, many-flowered, with a
narrow (short-branched) or widely spreading (long-branched) panicle above.

Flowers rather large with widely spreading segments, yellow (sometimes greenish or brownish) commonly with brown spots. Sepals and petals more or less longacuminate with undulate margins. Dorsal sepal lanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate, concave, up to 3.5 cm. long and 8 mm. wide below, often with involute margins. Lateral sepals linear-lanceolate, more or less conduplicate, Petals carinate, subequally long but markedly narrower than the dorsal sepal. lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, slightly oblique, markedly shorter than the dorsal sepal but wider. Lip variable, ovate to ovate-oblong or oblong (sometimes slightly narrowed on each side in the middle), short-clawed at the base, with the basal portion subparallel to the column and the anterior portion spreading, acute (rarely) to long-acuminate, about 2.7 cm. or less long and 1.1 cm. or less wide below (subequaling the petals), provided near the base with a crest consisting of a pair of
relatively large, high, irregularly serrate-dentate or lacerate keels separated by a pair of smaller, fleshy, narrow calli and in front of these by an elongate, central, laterally flattened callus on either side of which are single (sometimes two) tubercles or triangular horns.
Column
small, straight, dilated above, wingless, about
1.2
cm. or
less
high at the back.
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Davis s.n. (type of 0. tetraplasium). Ayacucho: Prov. of Huanta, Choimacota Valley, 2900-3000 meCuzco: Prov. of Conters, in evergreen forest, Weberbauer 7547.
vencion, from Quellomayo to Lucumayo, 2800 meters, Vargas 4498. Prov. of Paucartambo, slopes of Pillahuata, 2900 meters, "ceja de
montana," epiphytic in rain-forest, Vargas 3664- "Pillahuata," Cerro de Cusilluyoc, 3000-3300 meters, epiphyte in thicket, Pen1
Often this series of three
calli
has a lateral tooth on each
side.

nell
805
14137.
Prov. of Urubamba, on
trail
from Puyupata to Sayac-
of Quispicanmarca, 3600 meters, terrestrial, Vargas 2888. Prov. 2900 meters, in "bushwood consisting of high shrubs chis, Marcapata, and small trees, with many hard-leafed types," Weberbauer 7797
(this collection is rather
abnormal
in lacking
apparent pseudobulbs
and in having somewhat dissimilar details of the basal crest). Huanuco: Huallaga, near Chaglla, 3200 meters, Weberbauer 6693. Junin: Wall of the valley of Rio Mantaro above Huachica, 3100
meters, Weberbauer 6550 (type of 0. Loesenerianum).Loreto: Moyobamba, Filomeno s.n. (type of 0. bettum). Also Colombia and Ecuador (type of 0. angustatum).
Odontoglossum anthoxanthum
(1869) 388.
Reichb.
f.
Gard.
Chron.
few-flowered. Floral bracts Vegetative portions lacking. Raceme fractiflex, as the pedicellate ovary. Flowers small, sulphurtriangular, acute, half as long acute. Lateral colored. Dorsal sepal obovate-oblong or cuneate-oblong, abruptly Petals obovate ("cuneato-ovatis"), carinate. sepals longer, narrower, dorsally to the dorsal sepal. Lip ovate when expanded, with apiculate, apparently similar to the column and the anterior part spreading with an inthe lower part parallel lobes curved apex, sharply 3-lobed in the middle, subcordate at the base; lateral rounded free apex; mid-lobe triangular-ovate ("seminarrow, with an abbreviated, of stout, parallel keels diverging in front, ligulato"), apiculate; disc with a pair base of the lip to the base of the mid-lobe. Column short, extending from the of ligulate, upcurved, erect and acute wings above. with a
stout,
pair
Peru (probably) Habitat and collector not recorded, introduced by Messrs. Backhouse & Son of York, England. In the Ames Herbarium is a floral analysis of this species from the Reichenbach Herbarium.
:
Odontoglossum aureo-purpureum
Reichb.
f.
(as
auropurpureum)
Linnaea 22: 848. 1849; Lindl. Fol. Orch. Odontoglossum
Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 14: compactum Reichb. f. Gard. Chron. n.s. 3: Odontoglossum 492. 1875. Odontoglossum Koehleri Schltr. Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 109. 1921; Mansf. Fedde Repert. Beih. 57: t. 128, nr. 501. 1929.
Bot. 15, nr. 44. 1852; C. Schweinf.
63. 1949.
Plant very large and stout, about 2.5 meters or less tall, terrestrial or epiphytic. Pseudobulbs oblong-ovoid or cylindric, complanate, about 6 cm. or more long, of conduplicate, leaf-bearing bifoliate, surrounded at the base by one or more pairs to an acute sheaths. Leaves oblong or linear-oblong to lorate, flat, narrowed above more or less narrowed below to a conduplicate base, about or acuminate apex, 28-70 cm. long, up to 3.2 (rarely 4.2) cm. wide (some blades very much smaller), and stout, much surrigid and coriaceous. Inflorescence lateral, basal, very large much-branched panicle which passing the leaves, terminating in a many-flowered,
806
30
Flowers rather large, with wide-spreading is simple or compound, loose or dense. segments, yellow commonly with purple, red or brown spots. Sepals and petals more or less recurved and circinate above, with undulate margins. Dorsal sepal lanceolate (rarely ovate-lanceolate), conduplicate at the narrowed (clawed) base and the upper portion, long-acuminate, about 2-3.6 cm. long and 6-8 mm. wide when expanded. Lateral sepals linear-lanceolate (or lanceolate), acuminate, dorsally carinate, connate at the very base, about as long as the dorsal sepal (or slightly longer) but narrower. Petals obliquely lanceolate, acuminate, unguiculatenarrowed with a flat and broad base, markedly shorter and broader than the dorsal sepal. Lip lanceolate, sessile, with the lower portion erect and parallel to the column, the middle portion abruptly recurved and the acuminate upper portion more sharply recurved, the lower margins being lobulate-crenate and undulate, nearly equaling the petals when expanded, about 1.8-2.8 cm. long, up to 1 cm. wide below; disc with a prominent basal crest which consists of a pair of high, fleshy keels or a sulcate callus separated by a lower linear callus, in front of which is a series of 3 or 5 subequal, more or less lobulate calli and in front of these 2 larger, complanateovoid or ellipsoid calli. Column relatively small, slightly dilated above and below, about 1 cm. or less high at the back, wingless.
Davis s.n. (type of Peru: Habitat not recorded, Lobb, Pearce 0. compactum). Cuzco: Prov. of Urubamba, Puyupatamarca, 3600 Same locality, near meters, close to ancient ruins, Vargas 2879.
&
Wenner Gren
and on
trees,
ruins,
3400-3600 meters, in very wet places in moss
of 0. Koehleri).
Metcalf 30742. Junin: Chanchamayo, Kohler s.n. (type Also Colombia (type of 0. aureo-purpureum) and
Venezuela.
Odontoglossum brevifolium
1844; Fol. Orch.
125:
t.
Lindl. Benth. PI.
Hartw. 152.
f. f.
Odontoglossum
21, no. 61. 1852;
Hook.
Bot.
Mag.
Bot. Zeit. Odontoglossum chiriquense Reichb. 10: 692. 1852; P. H. Allen, Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 36: 158. 1949. Odontoglossum coronarium Lindl. Fol. Orch. Odontoglossum 21, no.
7687. 1899.
60. 1852;
sum brachypterum Reichb.
Batem. Monog. Odontoglossum, t. 27. 1874. Odontoglosf. Linnaea 41: 26. 1876. Odontoglossum
coronarium var. chiriquense Veitch, Man. Orch. PL 1: 23. 1886. Odontoglossum coronarium var. miniatum Veitch, I.e. Odontoglossum miniatum Hort. ex Veitch, I.e. Odontoglossum candelabrum Hort.
Linden ex Veitch,
I.e.
Plant large, stout, very variable, with a robust, creeping rhizome (often not present in the dried material) concealed by close, imbricating, scarious sheaths. Pseudobulbs more or less distant, complanate, ovoid to cylindric-ovoid (rarely
suborbicular), unifoliate, about 4-11 cm. high, surrounded at the base by 2 or more pairs of distichous, imbricating sheaths of which the upper pair is commonly leaf-
Leaves oval to elliptic-oblong (sometimes conduplicate in the dried specimen), retuse to subacute at the apex, more or less cuneate-narrowed into a conduplicate petiole, about 10-30 cm. long, up to 9 cm. wide. Inflorescences stout,
bearing.
807
commonly erect but sometimes nodding above, several- to many-flowered, usually more or less surpassing the leaves, up to 60 cm. high. Flowers large and conspicuous, brown edged with yellow or yellow blotched with reddish brown; column
white spotted with purple. Sepals with widely spreading segments, having crispedDorsal sepal obovate or oblong-obovate ("orbicular and undulate margins. clawed"), obtuse or generally retuse, about 1.6-3 cm. long, 1.6-2 cm. wide above. Lateral sepals obovate-oblong, slightly oblique, somewhat longer and narrower than the dorsal sepal. Petals obovate to elliptic-oblong, retuse or obtuse to subacute, subequal to the sepals (sometimes broader or narrower), rarely slightly indented on each side above (and thus subpandurate). Lip somewhat shorter than the other segments, 3-lobed or pandurate in outline, about 1.7-2.5 cm. long, with the basal part suberect and parallel to the column and usually conspicuously narrower than the apical part; lateral lobes (at the base) small, erect, semiovate (often subtriangular), rounded at the apex; mid-lobe relatively large, cuneate to obovate, broadly rounded, retuse or prominently bilobed at the apex, 0.5-1.5 cm. wide; disc with a small, fleshy keel, a smaller, transverse, retuse to subacute callus immediately in front and a pair of fleshy calli at the inner base of the lateral lobes. Column short, stout, about 8 mm. high at the back, with a conspicuous wing above
which
is
more or
less trilobed
and denticulate
(especially
toward the apex).
Southern Peru: Habitat not recorded, Pearce 48 (type of 0. braCajamarca, fide Schlechter, Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 170. chypterum). Huanuco: Prov. of Huanuco, Carpish Pass, about 3000 me1921.
ters,
Hodge 6283.
Same
locality, terrestrial in
boggy clearing, Hodge
6276 (the flowers of this number are too old for examination). Junin: Chanchamayo Valley, 1800 meters, Schunke s.n. (Herb. 571635; this collection is abnormal in having a broader pseudobulb and a rather dissimilar lip). Also Costa Rica, Panama (type of 0. chiriquense) Colombia (type of 0. coronarium), Ecuador (type of 0. brevifolium) and Venezuela.
CNHM
Odontoglossum brevifolium
Lindl. var.
Weberbauerianum
(Kranzl.) C. Schweinf. Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 14: 64. 1949. Oncidium Weberbauerianum Kranzl. Engler Bot. Jahrb. 37: 389. 1906.
Cyrtochilum Weberbauerianum Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 7: 95. 1917, nomen nudum; Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50, pt. 2 (Heft 80),
60, fig.
5H,
a-c. 1922.
Odontoglossum Weberbauerianum Schltr. Fedde
Repert. Beih. 27: 109. 1924.

This concept differs from the species in having narrower ("linear") pseudobulbs, in having oblong (not oval or oblong-elliptic) leaves, and in having oblong sepals which appear to be much longer than wide.
Amazonas: Molinopampa, east
of
Chachapoyas, 2000-2300 me-
ters, apparently epiphytic in open places in sclerophyllous vegetation, Weberbauer 4358 (type of Oncidium Weberbauerianum).
No
record of this taxon has been seen.
808
30
Odontoglossum brevilabium
Bull. 18: 578,
t.,
C. Schweinf.
Am.
Orch. Soc.
1949.
Figure 163.
Plant large, epiphytic, with a stout rhizome. Pseudobulb cylindric, complanate, slender, about 14 cm. high, bearing three leaves above, surrounded on either side of the base by three spreading, imbricating, conduplicate sheaths which are
successively larger upward and mostly leaf-bearing. Leaves spreading, lanceolateoblong or ligulate, sharply acute, slightly narrowed below with a conduplicate base, with the mid-nerve sulcate above and carinate beneath, those on the pseudobulb
larger, up to 42.6 cm. long and 2.5 cm. wide. Inflorescence basal in the axil of an inner sheath, paniculate above, about 57 cm. high; peduncle lightly complanate, about 32 cm. high, provided with three remote, short, infundibuliform sheaths; panicle virgate, loosely many-branched with the branches loosely forking; bracts
broadly ovate, acute or acuminate, up to 12 mm. long at the base of the panicle. Flowers small, numerous, yellow, very loosely arranged on a more or less fractiflex rachis. Perianth segments widely spreading, fleshy. Sepals acuminate, longitudinally concave. Dorsal sepal narrowly oblong-oblanceolate, about 10-12 mm. long and 2.2-3.2 mm. wide. Lateral sepals narrowly and obliquely elliptic-lanceolate, about as large as the dorsal sepal. Petals obliquely oblong-lanceolate, shortacuminate, distinctly shorter and somewhat narrower than the sepals. Lip strongly adnate to the column below; lamina abruptly recurved or reflexed, sharply 3-lobed above the middle, about 4 mm. long and slightly broader when expanded; lateral lobes relatively large, semiorbicular, lightly recurved; mid-lobe short, triangular, fleshy, porrect or lightly reflexed; disc in the center with a large, indistinct, papillose thickening which is slightly depressed across the middle. Column very short and stout, terminating in a large, cucullate, irregularly dentate wing, 4.9-5.5 mm. high at the back.
Junin: Prov. of Tarma,
Agua
Dulce, 2000 meters, on tree in low
highland forest, Woytkowski 35489.

Lindl. Gen. Sp. Orch. 211. 1833; no. 5. 1852; Hook. f. Bot. Mag. 103: Odontoglossum 3, Goos. Diet. Icon. Orch. Odontoglossum t. 9. 6317. 1877; Cogn.
Odontoglossum cirrhosum
&
Fol. Orch.
t.
&
1897.
Oncidium cirrhosum Beer, Prakt. Stud. Orch. 284. 1854.

Pseudobulb oblong-
Plant large, with an apparently abbreviated rhizome.
ovoid, strongly compressed, unifoliate, 5-8 cm. high, surrounded below by about 3 pairs of distichous, imbricated, conduplicate, mostly leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves
long,
linear-oblong to elliptic-oblong, acute, narrowed to a conduplicate base, 10-30 cm. about 2.8 cm. wide. Scape lateral, basal, much surpassing the leaves; peduncle with several short, clasping, infundibuliform-cylindric sheaths; inflorescence rather slender, simple or more commonly a many-branched panicle, many-flowered.
Flowers large, with widely spreading segments, milk-white with brown blotches on the sepals, petals and mid-lobe of the lip, and with the basal part of the lip yellow lined with red. Dorsal sepal narrowly lanceolate, long-acuminate, terminating in a recurved, cirrhose point, about 4 cm. long and 7 mm. wide, with the margins
somewhat undulate. Lateral sepals very similar,
slightly longer, somewhat oblique. Petals rhombic-lanceolate, long-acuminate, markedly shorter than the sepals and almost twice as broad. Lip about two thirds as long as the petals, about 3 cm.
ODONTOGLOSSUM
FIG. 163.
5,
Odontoglossum brerilabium C. Schweinf.
1,
of the inflorescence;
Y*.
3,
flower from side;
X 1M-
plant; X ]4- 2, portion 4, dorsal sepal; X 2.
petal;
2.
6, lip
from above;
2.
809
810
long
30
when expanded, with the convolute basal portion erect and clasping the column, 3-lobed near the base; lateral lobes broadly rounded, erect-spreading, denticulate; mid-lobe recurved, elongate, narrowly triangular-lanceolate, longacuminate; disc with a pair of sigmoid-ascending horns between the lateral lobes. Column straight, dilated upward, about 1 cm. long at the back, with a pair of triangular-linear, ascending tendrils at the apex.
Ecuador
170. 1921.
(type).
Peru(?), fide Schlechter,
Fedde Repert. Beih.
9:
Fol. Orch.
t.
Lindl. Benth. PI. Hartw. 152. 1844; Odontoglossum 18, no. 53. 1852; Rolfe, Bot. Mag. 145: 8809. 1919. Oncidium cristatum Beer, Prakt. Stud. Orch. 283. 1854.
Odontoglossum cristatum
Plant rather large, epiphytic, apparently with an abbreviated rhizome. Pseudobulb oblong-ellipsoid to ovoid-cylindric, rarely ovoid, compressed, 3-8 cm. long, bifoliate, surrounded below by 2 pairs of distichous, imbricated, conduplicate, leafbearing sheaths. Leaves lorate (rarely oblong-elliptic), more or less acute, slightly narrowed toward the conduplicate base, gently arcuate, commonly 15-22 cm. long, 1.8-2 cm. wide. Scapes basal, axillary, arcuate, exceeding the leaves, 25-33 cm. Flowers rather large and long, terminating in a laxly many-flowered raceme. showy, with widely spreading segments, yellow spotted and blotched with red. Sepals and petals very similar, elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, 2.5-3 cm. long, about 9 mm. wide, the lateral sepals and petals slightly oblique. Lip with the claw-like basal portion erect and parallel to the column, cuneate, about 8 mm. long; lamina geniculate-reflexed, ovate or broadly pandurate-oblong, acute or acuminate, irregularly fimbriate-dentate and about 1.5 cm. long; disc at the base with a palmately many-lobed crest of which the anterior divisions are broader. Column arcuate, about 1.5 cm. high, membranaceous-margined below, with a pair of rounded, irregularly fimbriate wings above.
Cajamarca,
fide Schlechter,
Fedde Repert. Beih.
9: 170. 1921.
Ecuador
(type)
and Colombia.
Reichb.
f.
1
Odontoglossum crocatum Linden &

(1867) 404.
Gard. Chron.
Plant apparently large (only the pseudobulbs and the flowering raceme are Reichenbach Herbarium and only the flower is described). Pseudobulbs aggregated, strongly compressed, ovoid, ellipsoid or ovoid-oblong, 2-5.5 cm. long. Peduncles slender, with few, very small, tubular-infundibuliform, remote sheaths. Raceme loosely several- (6- to 7-) flowered, with very small bracts and elongate, arcuate, pedicellate ovaries. Flowers rather small, bright yellow, with widely spreading segments. Dorsal sepal lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate ("oblong"), "acute" or acuminate, about 1.7 cm. long and 7 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar, semiconnate, slightly oblique. Petals very similar to the sepals
illustrated in the
very close to O. mystacinum (Lindl.) Lindl., and when actual it may prove to be conspecific. For the present, O. crocatum appears to be separable by having a simple, not paniculate inflorescence; by having the lateral sepals semiconnate, not mostly free; and by having the wings of the column linear and serrate on the lower margin, rather than broad and multifid.
1
This species
is
is
material
available,
811
and subequal, rounded ("subcordate") at the base. Lip much larger than the other segments, nearly 2 cm. long and 1.5 cm. wide; claw short, narrow, subparallel to the column; lamina broadly obovate with an abrupt, subquadrate basal
portion or "cordate-pandurate," prominently apiculate; disc at the base with abrupt keels in front of which are 2 series of papillae ("apicules") on each side. Column very small, about 6 mm. high, with a pair of wings which are linear and
serrulate below.
"Peru," fide Schlechter, Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 170. 1921. troduced by M. Linden.
In the
In-
Ames Herbarium
is
a drawing of this species from the
Reichenbach Herbarium.
Kranzl. Engler, Bot. Jahrb. Cyrtochilum depauperatum Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: 98. 1917, nomen nudum, in key; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 75, fig. 8D, a-c. 1922.
Odontoglossum depauperatum
37: 391. 1906.
Plant large, slender, epiphytic, apparently with an abbreviated rhizome. Pseudobulbs aggregated, ellipsoid-cylindric ("linear"), unifoliate, up to 4 cm. long, surrounded below by 4 or 5 pairs of distichous, imbricating, conduplicate, mostly leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves linear or oblong-linear, acute or short-acuminate, narrowed below to a conduplicate base (the lamina on the pseudobulb with an elongate, narrow, basal portion), up to 20 cm. long and 1.5 cm. wide. Scape lateral, axillary, very long, much surpassing the leaves, over 94 cm. in length; peduncle with few, very short, tubular-infundibuliform sheaths; panicle elongate, about 57 cm. long, very loosely paniculate, with many short, distichous, simple or compound branches which are several- to many-flowered, the floral axes being lightly fractiflex. Flowers very small, with widely spreading or reflexed segments, pale dull yellowish spotted with brown. Sepals obovate-oblong, short-clawed, shortly acute, about 4.5 mm. long and 1.5 mm. wide, the lateral sepals more or less oblique, carinate without. Petals about equally long with the sepals but markedly broader, subspatulate, about 2.5 mm. wide. Lip sessile, 3-lobed, about 3.5 mm. long and scarcely 2 mm. wide at the base; lateral lobes semiorbicular, membranaceous, reflexed; mid-lobe linear, excavated (cymbiform), obtuse; disc having a fleshy, somewhat wrinkled callus at the base with 2 globose warts in front. Column very short, with rather broad, acute wings.
Amazonas: East
of
Chachapoyas, between
Tambo Ragazan and
Almirante, 2700-2800 meters, in dense woods consisting of high trees and low shrubs, Weberbauer 4443In the
Ames Herbarium
there
is
a photograph of the type.
Odontoglossum digitatum
14: 208,
t.,
C. Schweinf.
Am.
Orch. Soc. Bull.
1945.
Figure 164.
Plant epiphytic, medium-sized, apparently with an abbreviated rhizome. Pseudobulb complanate-ovoid or pyriform, bifoliate, about 4.6 cm. high, surrounded below by 3 pairs of distichous, imbricated, conduplicate sheaths of which the two
nt
ILLl
812
FIELDI ANA: BOTANY,
VOLUME
30
sessile leaf-blades. Leaves (on the pseudobulb) oblong or oblong-oblanceolate, acute, more or less long-narrowed to a slender, conduplicate base, 16-17.8 cm. long, up to 2 cm. wide. Scape lateral, basal in the axil of the uppermost sheath, arcuate above; peduncle stout, apparently complanate, about 17 cm. high, with a single close, tubular sheath above; flower-cluster very loosely 8-flowered, simply racemose except for a short, lateral, 2-flowered
uppermost bear relatively small, oblong,
branch at the base, lightly fractiflex. Flowers medium-sized for the genus, pale yellow with brown lines. Perianth segments spreading. Dorsal sepal oblongelliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, concave, acute or subacuminate, about 2.6 cm. long and 9 mm. wide. Lateral sepals mostly free (connate only near the base), ellipticoblong, lightly oblique, acute or subacuminate, slightly longer and narrower than the dorsal sepal. Petals lanceolate-elliptic, acuminate, mucronate, lightly oblique, a little shorter and sometimes narrower than the dorsal sepal. Lip somewhat shorter than the sepals, with the sides of the anterior part incurved in natural position, rhombic-obovate in outline from a slender, cuneate base, about 2.4 cm. long and 1.8 cm. wide, sharply 3-lobed (with overlapping lobules) near the apex, truncate-retuse and sharply mucronate at the tip; anterior portion (mid-lobe) transversely oval-oblong, about 6.2 mm. long and nearly 1.3 cm. wide when expanded; disc with a fleshy callus (extending from the base nearly to the middle), 4-lobed or 3-lobed near the middle with the mid-lobe deeply bilobed, each of the
4 lobules digitately 2-divided. Column short, stout, lightly recurved, terminating in a large, 3-lobed clinandrium of which the middle lobule is broad and laceratedentate and the lateral lobules triangular-lanceolate, about 11.8 mm. high at the
back including the deep clinandrium.
forest,
Cuzco: Prov. of Paucartambo, Pillahuata, 3200 meters, in rainVargas 3040.
Odontoglossum epidendroides HBK. Nov. Gen.

t.
et Sp. 1: 351,
85. 1816; Reichb.
f.
Xen. Orch.
1: 59,
t.
22,
fig.
II, 1, 2.
1854;
Cogn. Martius
Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6: 254. 1905.
Oncidium epidendroides
Beer, Prakt. Stud. Orch. 285. 1854.

Plant large, epiphytic. Pseudobulb oblong-ovoid or ellipsoid, strongly compressed, bifoliate, 5-6 cm. long, surrounded below by one or several pairs of disLeaves oblong-elliptic to narrowly tichous, commonly leaf-bearing sheaths.
oblanceolate ("lanceolate"), more or less acute, long-narrowed below, 17.8-30 cm. long, 2-3 cm. wide. Scape lateral, basal, in the axil of a sheath, stout, about 45 cm. or less high, erect below, rather flexuous above, terminated by a very
loose, several-flowered
raceme.
Pedicellate ovary elongate, arcuate, 3.5-5 cm.
long,
surpassing the bract. Flowers large, with widely spreading segments. Sepals and petals yellow with 3 purplish spots, of which the middle one is very large. Sepals similar, narrowly elliptic-lanceolate ("lanceolate"), short-acuminate, lightly undulate, the lateral sepals slightly oblique, 3.5-3.7 cm. long, 6-7 mm. wide. Petals similar to the sepals, acute, subequally long but slightly wider than the sepals, suboblique. Lip somewhat shorter than the sepals, white; claw linear, erect and parallel to the column, 9-11 mm. long; lamina abruptly reflexed, oblong or elliptic-oblong, obtuse or subobtuse, crenate-undulate or serrulate, 13-16 mm.
long, 6-7 mm. wide; disc through the lower half with a linear-oblong callus produced into 2 acute, flattened teeth separated by a much shorter tooth, and with 1-3 mi-
much
ODONTOGL^CXSSUM
FIG 164.
sepal; side;
Odontoglossum digitatum C, Schweinf.

3, petal;
6, lip,
1,
1
plant;
5, lip
X 1MX \ A1
X 1 A1
4, lateral sepal;
X 1 A>
X %. 2, dorsal and column from
spread out;
X 1M813
814
30
nute, dentiform calli on each side below. Column slender, clavate, incurved above, with a pair of semiorbicular, sometimes bilobed, auricles above, 18-19 mm. long!
Prov. of Bracamoros: Between the

Jaen, 480 meters, in rather
Amazon River and
the city of
Amazonas, Junin,
1921.
fide
locality, Humboldt & Bonpland s.n. Schlechter, Fedde Repert. Beih 9- 170
warm
No
example of
this species
was
available.
Rolfe, Orch. Rev. 12: 92. 1904. an obscure species, since there is no description of the vegetative parts and a very indefinite description of the floral seg-
Odontoglossum flavescens
is
This
not entered in the key. A photograph of the type in the Ames Herbarium furnishes, together with the original description, the following skeleton
Accordingly,
it is
ments.
diagnosis:
Plant large. Pseudobulbs apparently fusiform, bifoliate, about 8 cm. long. Leaf linear-lorate, acute, about 52 cm. long and 2.4 cm. wide. Inflorescence paniculate, that in the specimen illustrated showing 2 divaricate branches about 5 cm. apart, each one loosely 5-flowered. Flowers secund, with the slender pedicellate ovary up to 2 cm. long. Floral segments small, elliptic-oblong, subconnivent, about 1 cm. long, clear yellow. "Lip rounded below, with an oblong obtuse apex, and a very large and prominent two-lobed crest, which is appressed to the column
at the base."
Peru and Ecuador: Habitat not

F. Sander
cited,
& Company.
introduced by Messrs.
Odontoglossum fractiflexum
390. 1906.
Kranzl. Engler, Bot. Jahrb 37-
imbricating, conduplicate sheaths of which the upper ones are successively longer and bear larger leaf-blades. Leaves linear-oblanceolate, acute or short-acuminate, long-narrowed below with a conduplieate sessile base, up to 40 cm. long and 2 cm. wide (those on the sheaths shorter and less narrowed below). Scape lateral, basal, in the axil of a sheath, somewhat longer than the leaves, up to 50 cm. in length, bearing through the upper half a loose panicle which is about 26 cm. long in natural position, the rachis (especially of the few-flowered branches) very strongly fractiflex. Pedicellate ovary slender, elongate, much exceeding the minute bracts. Flowers yellow, with widely spreading segments, the sepals and petals lightly undulate on the margins, with a recurved apex. Dorsal
sepal elliptic-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, concave, 1.62 cm. long. Lateral sepals similar, appearing somewhat longer. Petals lanceolateelliptic, flat, similar to the sepals but slightly shorter and wider, apparently dark-lined. Lip oblong-pandurate, with the narrower basal portion subparallel to the column, shortly acute, about 1.8 cm. or less long and 8 mm. wide near the
cylindric, subcompressed, unifoliate, by 5 or 6 pairs of distichous,
Plant large, apparently with an abbreviated rhizome. Pseudobulbs narrowly up to 8 cm. high, entirely concealed in youth

front- disc
815
3 subequal teeth below with a pair of rather high keels passing into Column and with a short keel or large tooth between the keels. toward the apex angled slightly above the middle, wingless.
on Puno: Between Sandia and Cuyocuyo, 2500-2800 meters, and on trees, Weberbauer 871
.
cliffs
In the
Ames Herbarium
there
is

C. Schweinf.
Odontoglossum graminifolium
Bull. 15: 30,
t.,
Am.
Orch. Soc.
1946.
Figure 165.
rudimentary, uniPlant slender, epiphytic, about 28 cm. high. Pseudobulbs leaf-bearing concealed by several pairs of distichous, conduphcate, foliate, entirely with larger blades. Leaves linear, sheaths of which the inner ones are much larger more or less elongate, conduphcate base, acuminate, gradually narrowed below to a on the pseudobulb), the outer blades very up to 25 5 cm. long and 9 mm. wide (leaf arcuate, about 25 cm. or less short Scapes lateral, in the axils of sheaths, gently tubular or infundibuliform sheaths; about 4 very small, long- peduncle slender, with small for the genus, 7-flowered, about 6 cm. long. Flowers very
raceme loosely
Dorsal sepal oblong-oblanceolate, yellow with spreading segments. linear7-7.6 mm. long, about 2 mm. wide. Lateral sepals nate concave below, near the base, acute, mucronate, longitudioblanceolate, subparallel and connate and slightly narrower than the dorsal nally concave, carinate, somewhat longer shorter and wider Petals broadly and obliquely oblong, acute, distinctly sepal the middle) erect and the dorsal sepal. Lip with the lower portion (to above than in and the anterior part abruptly reflexed, ovate-lanceolate parallel to the column at concave at the base, rounded or subtruncate and minutely apiculate outline and 4.5-5.6 mm. wide near the base when expanded; the apex, about 8 mm. long to above the middle and termidisc with a large, median, sulcate callus extending Column very short and stout, clavate, about nating in a pair of free, ovoid apices. semiovate wings which are 3.5 mm. high at the back, with a pair of large porrect, indented near the apex.
acute,
mucro-
2700 Cuzco: Prov. of Convention, "alturas de Pintobamba," meters, Vargas 3257.
Odontoglossum
Fol
glossum
Hallii Lindl. Bot. Reg. 23: sub t. 1992. 1837; OdontoOrch. Odontoglossum 3, no. 6. 1852; Batem. Monog. f. Bot. Mag. 102: t. 6237. 1876. t. 21. 1874; Hook.
Pseudobulbs Plant large, variable, epiphytic, with an abbreviated rhizome. unifoliate or bifoliate, 5-10 cm. long, ovoid or oblong-ovoid, strongly compressed, sheaths. Leaves ellipsurrounded below by 2 or 3 pairs of distichous, leaf-bearing 13.7 to over 30 cm. long, 1.9-4.5 cm. wide, tic-oblong or oblong-oblanceolate, a conduplicate, often petiole-like base. Scape acute, more or less narrowed to more or less surpassing the leaves; peduncle with a
lateral in the axil of a sheath,
few remote, short, tubular-infundibuliform sheaths; flower-cluster commonly 4- to 20-flowered, 30-90 cm. tall, with cemose, rarely somewhat branched, loosely the rachis more or less fractiflex. Flowers large, with widely spreading segments. blotches of purplish brown; lip white with a Sepals and petals yellow with spots and
ra-
816
30
few dark spots and a large yellow
crest. Dorsal sepal lanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate or "ovate-lanceolate," long-acuminate, concave, 3.6-5.5 cm. long, about 1.2 cm. or Petals similar less wide. Lateral sepals similar, often somewhat larger, oblique. to the lateral sepals, but shorter and often broader, obliquely ovate-lanceolate.
Lip shorter than the petals in natural position, with the short, narrow claw erect and parallel to the column; lamina pandurate-oblong, the anterior portion laceratedentate, abruptly mucronate and markedly broader than the crenulate basal portion; disc at the base with a large crest consisting of several multifimbriate keels. Column strongly arcuate, about 1.6-1.9 cm. long at the back, 2-winged above with the wings divided into narrow teeth or tendrils.
Peru[?] : Valley of Lloa, about 2400 meters, Hall s.n.
Also Colom-
bia and Ecuador (type).
Odontoglossum Harryanum Reichb.
f.
Gard. Chron. n.
ser.,
26: 486. 1886; Warn. & Will. Orch. Alb. 8: t. 366. 1889; Cogn. Goos. Diet. Icon. Orch. Odontoglossum t. 11. 1897.
Plant large.
&
Pseudobulbs approximate, oblong-ovoid to pyriform, 6-8 cm.
long, bifoliate, clothed at the base on each side by 2 or 3 sheaths of which the inner ones are leaf-bearing. Leaves narrowly oblong to oblong-elliptic, acute to obtuse,
gradually narrowed below to a more or less distinct, channelled petiole, those on the pseudobulb (which are the largest) up to 44 cm. long (including the petiole), 2.5-4 cm. wide. Scape up to 1 m. high, racemose above, several- to manyflowered. Flowers rather large, variable in size and color, pale brown to chestnutbrown, petals and lip at the base with purple lines on a white ground and the large apical part of the lip white, all parts more or less undulate. Dorsal sepal ellipticoblong to subelliptic, more or less acute, about 4.5 cm. long, 1.3- nearly 2.5 cm.
wide.
elliptic,
Lateral sepals similar, lightly oblique. Petals elliptic-oblong to narrowly acute, lightly oblique, more or less smaller than the sepals. Lip about
equaling or slightly exceeding the sepals, from a stout, basally auriculate claw abruptly dilated into an ovate-pandurate or lightly 3-lobed lamina, the sides incurved and the anterior portion subcordate to suborbicular and abruptly acute to
obtuse; disc with a prominent yellow crest which is lacerate or fimbriate in front. Column relatively small, 1.2-1.7 cm. long, with a pair of small dentate wings above.
trunk in low
Junfn: Prov. of Tarma, Utcuyacu, 1900 meters, on a rotten tree forest, Woytkowski 35352. Also Colombia (type).
Odontoglossum Hennisii
1891.
Rolfe, Gard. Chron. ser. 3, 10: 158.
Pseudobulbs densely aggregated, oblong-ovoid, subcompressed, about 4 cm. Leaves oblanceolate-linear, acute, 10.2-15.2 cm. long, up to 2.1 cm. wide. Scape about 20 cm. long, loosely 6-flowered. Pedicellate ovary about 2.5 cm. long, five times as long as the subtending bract. Flowers rather large, with spreading segments. Sepals similar, lanceolate, acuminate, about 2.6 cm. long, yellow with a large brown area near the base and also about the middle. Petals somewhat smaller, yellow with brown spots and lines. Lip free, white with red-brown spots and blotches; claw about 4 mm. long; lamina spreading, 3-lobed, about 2.1 cm.
long.
OD ONTTOGLCtS.SUM
or am i
%. FIG 165. Odontoglossum graminifolium C. Schweinf 1, plant; X from side; X 4. 3, dorsal sepal; X 4. 4, petal; X 4. 5, lateral sepal; and column from side; X 4. 7, lip from above, spread out; X 5H.
2, 4.
flower
6, lip
817
818
30
long and 1.7 cm. broad; lateral lobes rounded, denticulate; mid-lobe triangularovate, long-acuminate; disc with numerous slender, somewhat branched filaments from 2 to 5 mm. long. Column clavate, about 1.5 cm. high, yellowish-white with
brown wings, denticulate at the
triangular, acute apex.
Peru or Ecuador, Hennis s.n. (sent to Messrs. Charlesworth, Shuttleworth & Co. of Heaton, Bradford and Clapham).
No
record of this species was available.
Odontoglossum Hrubyanum Reichb.

4: 234. 1888. Plant medium-sized.
f.
Gard. Chron.
ser. 3,
Pseudobulb pyriform, compressed,
bifoliate,
about 5 cm.
high, surrounded below by one or more pairs of leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves liguInflorescence racemose above, laxly late, acute, about 22.7 cm. or less long. 5-flowered. Sepals and petals similar, cuneate-lanceolate, acute, apparently de-
dark sepia-brown or horse-chestnut color with a yellow apex. Lip clawed; claw slender, adnate to the column at the base; lamina pandurate, subacute, denticulate on the deflexed sides, light ochre blotched with chestnut-brown near the base; disc with a conspicuous basal, white, apically bidentate callus with a tooth ("apicule") on each side below and a swelling on each side at the very base. Column arcuate, trigonous, with obscure, very narrow, crenulate wings.
flexed,
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Hubsch

F. Sander
s.n.
Introduced by Messrs.
&
Sons.
The
description
was taken from the

Schltr.
original diagnosis.
Odontoglossum j immense
,
Fedde Repert. Beih.

128, nr. 500. 1929.
9: 109.
1921; Mansf. Fedde Repert. Beih. 57:
t.
Plant epiphytic, rather large, about 40 cm. high, with an abbreviated rhizome. Pseudobulbs narrowly ovoid, strongly compressed, unifoliate or bifoliate, 4.55.5 cm. long, surrounded on each side at the base by a leaf-bearing sheath. Leaves linear-ligulate, acute, 22-30 cm. long, about 1-1.3 cm. wide in the middle, slightly and gradually narrowed toward the base. Scape erect, arcuate above, about 40 cm. long; peduncle slender, few-sheathed, 20-25 cm. long; raceme loosely several(about 8-) flowered. Flowers rather large, greenish yellow with large brown spots. Parts of the perianth widely spreading. Sepals similar, narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, narrowed near the base, with the lateral ones oblique, about 3.5 cm. long and 7.5 mm. wide. Petals obliquely oblong-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, markedly shorter and a little broader than the sepals. Lip clawed, about 1.6 cm. long and 9 mm. wide above the middle; claw short, linear, erect and parallel to the column, nearly 5 mm. long; lamina reflexed, from an oblong base abruptly dilated into a subquadrate-ovate ("oval-oblong") lamina which is acute or short-acuminate, with a serrulate, lightly undulate margin; disc below with a linear, depressed callus which is thickened and 3-dentate in front and extended into a pair of short bidentate lamellae, and with a small bidentate callus on each side near the base. Column lightly arcuate, about 1.4 cm. high, lightly auriculate-lobulate on the sides
of the stigma.
819
On the mountains of Janangu, east of Huacapistana, 2120. 2400 meters, in damp mossy woods, Weberbauer
Junin:
2300-
No
material of this species
was
seen.
25. 1838;
Odontoglossum lacerum
Fol. Orch.
Lindl. Sert. Orch. sub
t.
Odontoglossum
19, no. 54. 1852.
unif oliate about 3.2 cm. Plant rather large. Pseudobulb ellipsoid, complanate, sheaths. Leaves about 3 pairs of distichous, leaf-bearing high, surrounded below by narrowed below to a slender, channelled linear-oblong to elliptic-oblong, acute, about 3 cm. 12 cm. or less long and 1.4-1.8 cm. wide; petiole; lamina about terrm a sheath, much surpassing the leaves, in the axil of Jong Scape lateral, basal raceme w hic* ha several- (about 10-) flowered nated by a slender, very loosely the flower-cluster. Flowers rather large, bright a single short branch at the base of on the spreading with one or two large brown blotches "emon-yellow segment^ acuminate with incurved
Pê
lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, Se7a*s and petals similar, and 8.5 mm. wide, the lateral sepals and tips, about 2.9 cm. long claw the other segments in natural position, Lip markedly shorter than oblique ovate or to the column; lamina reflexed-spreading narrow, erecLnd parallel at the ront, disc ovaêlacerate-dentate, cusP'date in f lanceolate, concave, irregularly front one are of fimbriate lamellae of which base with a crest consisting wit! ê \wo less arcuate above, about 1.3 cm. long, subulate. Column slender, more or subtruncate auricles near the apex. of
**"?
pair
short, porrect,
Huanuco: Cassapi (Casapi), Mathews 1867 (type).-Loreto, 9: 170. 1921. Schlechter, Fedde Repert. Beih. from the No example of this species was accessible, but a drawing Lindley Herbarium was examined.
fide
Odontoglossum longifolium
Lindl. Benth. PI.
Hartw. 152.
39. 1852. Cyrtochilum longi1844' Fol Orch. Odontoglossum 14, no. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: 98. 1917, nomen nndum, folium Kranzl. Notizbl. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 79, fig. 8J, a-c. in key; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr.
1922
unif oliate, Plant large, slender. Pseudobulb pyriform-cylindric, compressed, imbricatbelow by two or more pairs of distichous, about 6 cm. high, surrounded linear-lanceolate, acute or shor sheaths. Leaves ing, conduplicate, leaf-bearing with a conduphcate, petiole-like base acuminate, gradually long-narrowed below of a cm. wide. Scape lateral, basal in the axil up to about 35 cm. long and 2.3 the leaves, about 56 cm. tall; peduncle arcuate, sheath slender, much surpassing cm. long; flower-cluster an erect, with several very short, close sheaths, about 30 with the short, fractiflex branches erect-ascendvery loose, few-branched panicle, much exceeded by the slender pedicellate ovaries ing Bracts minute, squamiform, a slender base (thus clawed), about Dorsal sepal oblanceolate-spatulate, acute, with similar but somewhat longer and 9 long and 3 mm. wide. Lateral sepals the dorsal sepal but somea longer claw, oblique. Petals similar to narrower with with the lower half erect and paralle what shorter. Lip geniculate in the middle,
mm
820
to the column
30
and the anterior half reflexed, oblong-lanceolate when expanded, acute, bilamellate below with the tips of the lamellae free, diverging and ear-like. Column small, abruptly clavate above, with a pair of very small, falcate-oblong
wings.
Cajamarca,
fide Schlechter,
Fedde Repert. Beih.

is
9: 171. 1921.
Ecuador
(type).
In the
Ames Herbarium
there
a photograph of the type in the
f. & Warsc. Bonpl. 2: 100. Reichb. f. Walp. Ann. 6: 837. 1864. Cyrtochilum longipes 1854; Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: 99. 1917, nomen nudum, in key; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 84, fig. 9B, a, b. 1922.
Odontoglossum longipes Reichb.
Plant rather large.
Pseudobulbs broadly
ellipsoid
and
unifoliate (according
to Kranzlin), surrounded on each side by several (5-7) conduplicate, imbricating, Leaves not described. Scape (incomplete) undoubtedly leaf-bearing sheaths.
elongate, stout, paniculate above, with the uppermost internodes very short; branches slender, abbreviated or up to 20 cm. long (Kranzlin), strongly fractiflex. Bracts minute, triangular-cucullate. Pedicellate ovary up to 2.7 cm. long, nearly ten times as long as the subtending bract. Flowers small, yellowish, cartilaginous. Sepals carinate on the back. Dorsal sepal cuneate-oblong or obovate, concave, apiculate, 8-9 mm. long, 3-4 mm. wide. Lateral sepals a little longer and narrower, elliptic-oblanceolate, acute, longer-clawed than the dorsal sepal. Petals oblong-rhombic or rhombic-obovate, obtuse, slightly smaller than the dor-
Lip rhombic to ovate-lanceolate, subentire to very obscurely 3-lobed near the middle with rounded lateral lobes, obtuse, about 8-9 mm. long, up to 5.2 mm. wide when expanded; disc through the lower half with one sulcate keel or two approximate keels ending in thick, diverging lamellae with a small tooth between them. Column dwarf, broadly margined on each side throughoutsal sepal.
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Warscewicz

trial,
s.n. (type).
Piura: Caterres-
mino Piura to Huancabamba, El Tambo, about 3000 meters,

Scolnik 1414>
Odontoglossum megalophium Lindl. Orch. Linden. 15, no. 83. 1846; Fol. Orch. Odontoglossum 14, no. 41. 1852. Oncidium megalophium Beer, Prakt. Stud. Orch. 289. 1854. Cyrtochilum megalophium Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: 98. 1917, nomen nudum, in key; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 78. 1922.
Plant rather large, epiphytic. Pseudobulbs broadly ellipsoid, ribbed on the surrounded on each side by several distichous, imbricating, conduplicate, leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves long-petioled; lamina oblong-lanceolate, 35 cm. or more long, about 3 cm. wide, acute or acuminate, long-narrowed below; petiole about 16 cm. long, very slender, channelled. Scape lateral in the axil of a sheath, elongate, much surpassing the leaves, terminated by an elongate panicle having the branches remote (the lower branches again branched), with a fractiflex rachis.
sides,
821
Bracts very small, triangular, spreading. Pedicellate ovary slender, up to 1.2 cm. Dorsal sepal spatulate, obtuse or long. Flowers numerous, very small, yellow. the apex, often apiculate, concave, 4-5 mm. long, about 2.5 mm. wide. rounded at Lateral sepals similar, longer and longer-clawed than the dorsal sepal. Petals oboa little shorter than vate-spatulate, rounded and apiculate at the apex, not clawed, the dorsal sepal and markedly broader. Lip shorter than the lateral sepals, recurved in the middle, ovate or subcordate-ovate, obtuse or subacute, keeled beneath near the apex, 4-5 mm. long; disc through the lower half with a pair of apically converging, high keels which are lobed above. Column very short, clavate, wingless.
"Peru," fide Schlechter, Fedde Repert. Beih.
9:
171.
1921.
Colombia and Venezuela
(type).
f. & Warsc. Bonpl. 2: 100. melcmthus Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: Cyrtochilum 98. 1917, nomen nudum, in key; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50
Odontoglossum melanthes Reichb.
1854.
(Heft 80), 80. 1922.

Pseudobulbs and leaves unknown. Scape stout, paniculate above with short, few- (about 4-) flowered branches, the rachis flexuous. Bracts very small, ochreate, Flowers small, dark acute, equaling about a ninth of the slender pedicellate ovary.
and purple with a whitish yellow lip. Dorsal sepal obovate-spatulate ("elliptic clawed"), abruptly acute or apiculate. Lateral sepals subsimilar, longer-clawed. Lip [lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate], Petals obliquely oblong-cuneate, acute. 3-lobed in the middle; lateral lobes antrorsely rhombic; mid-lobe from a rather broad base, slightly dilated, then triangular (thus trapezoid); disc with 2 contiguous keels slightly diverging at the apex. Column very short, broadly winged
on each side [throughout].
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Warscewicz s.n. This diagnosis is a translation of the original description. The only available material of this concept, which bears the designation "Odontgl. melanthes Rchb. f. & Wzw." in Reichenbach's handwritbranches about ing, shows a fragment of a panicle with compound
8 cm. distant, and flowers inseparable from those of Odontoglossum of longipes Reichb. f. & Warsc. Suspicion points to the synonymy
these species.
Odontoglossum microthyrsus
390. 1906.
Kranzl. Engler, Bot. Jahrb. 37:
Plant relatively small, with an abbreviated rhizome, about 13 cm. high. Roots very stout for the plant. Pseudobulbs approximate, oblong-cylindric ("oblongsurrounded linear"), slender or stout, compressed, unifoliate, up to 2 cm. long, below by 3 pairs of distichous, imbricating, conduplicate sheaths which are commonly leaf-bearing. Leaves all similar, oblong or elliptic-oblong, acute, narrowed to a sessile (on the pseudobulb shortly petioled), conduplicate base, 5-6 cm. long,
l-1.2"cm. wide.
Scapes lateral, basal, in the axil of sheaths, commonly about twice as long as the leaves, about 12 cm. or less long; peduncle slender, about 7.5 cm. or
822
30
less long, with one or more short, close sheaths; flower-cluster commonly loosely paniculate (when well-developed) with a single short branch at the base, loosely
several- (up to 10-) flowered. Flowers small, with undulate segments, brownviolet with the lateral lobes of the lip and column white. Dorsal sepal suborbicular,
clawed below, concave, about 5 mm. long and broad. Lateral sepals oblanceolateoblong, subacute, a little longer and much narrower than the dorsal sepal. Petals suborbicular, clawed below, very similar to the dorsal sepal. Lip 3-lobed, about
mm. long and 3.5 mm. wide near the base; lateral lobes rounded, membranaceous; mid-lobe broadly linear, lightly bilobed at the apex; disc at the base with 3 calli of which the middle one is oblong and is surrounded on each side by a shin4.5
ing,
excavated tubercle.
Column very
short.
Junin: Prov. of Tarma, mountains east of Palca, 2700-3000 meters, on steppe with scattered shrubs and numerous grasses, Weberbauer 2447.
Description amplified
by a photograph
of the type in the
Ames
Herbarium.
Odontoglossum mul tistellare
Reichb.
f.
Linnaea 41 25. 1876.

:
Plant large. Vegetative parts not recorded. Scape tall, stout, terminated by a rather narrow panicle about 44 cm. long, with subremote, ascending, few- (6- or less) flowered branches. Flowers rather large, numerous, with spreading segments,
brown lines. Pedicellate ovary slender, 2-2.7 cm. long, times exceeding the small, lanceolate, cucullate bracts. Sepals and petals very similar, lanceolate, acuminate or long-acuminate, about 2.5-3 cm. long and 6-8 mm. wide. Lip slightly shorter than the other segments; claw broad, thickened, subparallel to the column; lamina 3-lobed, hastate-triangular or very broadly ovate in outline, abruptly narrowed to form a long-cuspidate or triangular-lobulate, crenulate-serrulate termination; disc at the base with 4 keels of which the outer are 2-divided (into filiform tubercles) and the inner keels 3- to 4-divided (into similar tubercles). Column less than half as long as the sepals, terminated by a trifid, cucullate apex, the lateral lobes falcate and the middle one broad and serrulate at the apex, with an arm on each side of the stigmatic cavity.
straw-color adorned with
many
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Pearce
s.n.
There is a drawing of this species from the Reichenbach Herbarium in the Ames Herbarium.
Odontoglossum myanthum
Lindl. Benth.
PL Hartw.
152.
1844; Fol. Orch. Odontoglossum 13, no. 38. 1852. Cyrtochilum myanthum Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: 98. 1917, nomen nudum,
in key; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 77, 1922.
fig.
8F, a-e.
up
Plant large, rather slender. Pseudobulb obscure, elongate-cylindric, unifoliate, to 10 cm. long according to Kranzlin, entirely concealed by 2 or 3 pairs of distichous, imbricating, conduplicate, leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves oblong-lanceolate
823
or narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, more or less narrowed below to a conduplicate base (that on the pseudobulb very long-narrowed below, about 45 cm.
long and 2.7 cm. wide), the blades on the sheaths successively smaller outward. Inflorescences lateral, in the axil of a sheath, nearly twice as long as the leaves, about 66 cm. or more long, very loosely and narrowly panicled nearly to the base; branches horizontal, commonly branched and fractiflex in age, about 5 cm. or less distant. Bracts minute, triangular-ovate, much shorter than the slender pedicel-
Flowers very small, brownish or dull purple, with spreading segments. Dorsal sepal oblong-oblanceolate, acute, concave, about 5-6 mm. long. Lateral sepals narrowly oblanceolate, acute, apparently distinctly longer and narrower than the dorsal sepal. Petals oblanceolate, acute, somewhat shorter and narrower than the dorsal sepal. Lip strongly reflexed near the middle, with the basal portion erect and parallel to the column, elliptic-lanceolate and scarcely 5 mm. long when expanded, acute; disc below with 2 lines or crests which are slightly thickened in front. Column short, very stout, with a pair of minute, lanceolatesubulate, erect wings near the apex.
late ovary.
Cajamarca,
fide Schlechter,
Fedde Repert. Beih.

is
9: 171. 1921.
Ecuador
(type).
In the
Ames Herbarium
there

Reichb.
f.
Odontoglossum myrianthum
t.
Xen. Orch.
1: 189,
Cyrtochilum myrianthum Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: 99. 1917, nomen nudum, in key; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 82. 1922.
68,
fig. II, 4, 5.
1856.
Inflorescence several- to many-flowered, loosely Vegetative parts lacking. paniculate above, with the lower branches flexuous and few-flowered and the upper portion racemose. Bracts minute, triangular, many times shorter than the slender pedicellate ovary. Parts of the flower spreading. Sepals obovate or spatulate-
obovate, rounded to subacute at the apex, 4.5-5 mm. long, about 1.75 mm. wide. Petals oblong-obovate, rounded at the apex, with a broad (sessile) base, a little
wider than the sepals. Lip with the basal portion appressed to the column, reflexed above, triangular-ovate in outline, lightly 3-lobed below the middle, about 3.5 mm. long; lateral lobes basal, semiorbicular; mid-lobe much larger, porrect, ligulate- triangular, subacute; disc with a fleshy, carinate callus (between the lateral lobes) which is sulcate above and has a semiorbicular papilla on each side at
its
apex.
Column very
short, stout, wingless.
Peru: Palca (Pavon Herbarium).
No
example of
this species
was
available.
Odontoglossum mystacinum
(Lindl.) Lindl. Fol. Orch.
Odon-
toglossum 6, no. 14. 1852. Cyrtochilum mystacinum Lindl. Bot. Reg. 24, Misc. 30, no. 38. 1838; Bot. Reg. 25: t. 62. 1839. Odontoglossum rigidum Lindl. Benth. PI. Hartw. 152. 1844; Fol. Orch. Odontoglossum 7, no. 17. 1852. Oncidium rigidum Beer, Prakt. Stud. Orch. 290.
1854.
824
Plant large.
30
Pseudobulbs pyriform or "oval," compressed, unifoliate, about
3.5 cm. high, surrounded
by
several distichous, conduplicate, leaf-bearing sheaths.
Leaves ligulate (rarely elliptic-oblong), acute, carinate, apparently about 15 cm. or less long and up to 1.6 cm. wide. Inflorescence much surpassing the leaves,
late,
loosely paniculate above. Floral bracts lanceolate, navicular, acuminate, sphaceup to 1.5 cm. long, about half as long as the pedicellate ovary. Flowers
2.5-3.5 cm. distant, yellow, medium-sized. Sepals widely spreading. Dorsal sepal ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, concave, about 1.5 cm. long and 5 mm. wide. Lateral sepals lanceolate or narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, slightly longer and narrower than the dorsal sepal, apparently free or nearly so. Petals very similar to the dorsal
somewhat broader. Lip with the base applied to the column, distinctly clawed below; claw linear; lamina obovate from a cordate base, slightly pandurate, with a prominent, recurved, apiculate apex, about 2 cm. long when expanded and 1.2 cm. wide where broadest; disc bilamellate on the claw, with several teeth in front of the keels. Column small, clavate, with a pair of irregularly lacerate wings
sepal but
at the apex.
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Harrison
s.n.
(type of Cyrtochilum
mystacinum). Amazonas: Chachapoyas, Mathews 168, sub Odontoglossum rigidum. Also Ecuador (type of 0. rigidum).
was chiefly prepared from the plate of Cyrtochino material being available. This taxon appears to be very similar to Oncidium aureum Lindl., but has a lip with a deflexed apex and a prominent apicule.
description
The
lum mystacinum
cited,
Odontoglossum obscurum
Harvard Univ. 14:
Linnaea 41
f.
:
C. Schweinf.
Bot. Mus.
Leafl.
Mesospinidium Wallisii Reichb. f. 106. 1876, not Odontoglossum Wallisii Linden Reichb.
67. 1949.
&
(1870).
Plant slender, delicate, growing on rocks, about 25 cm. high. Rhizome apparently abbreviated. Pseudobulbs aggregated, ovoid to cylindric, complanate, unifoliate, 1-2.5 cm. high, surrounded and often surpassed by 2 or 3 pairs of distichous, leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves linear, subobtuse to acute, more or less narrowed to a conduplicate base, 10-20.4 cm. long, 5.5-12 mm. wide. Scape lateral, basal in the axil of a sheath, distinctly surpassing the leaves, arcuate-spreading; peduncle slender, about 21-50 cm. long, with 3 to 6 very small and close, tubular-infundibuliform sheaths; panicle either short, 9- to 10-flowered, about 5 cm. long with few branches above or relatively elongate, loosely many-flowered and up to 25 cm. long; rachis lightly fractiflex. Flowers small, rather fleshy, with spreading segments. Dorsal sepal obovate-spatulate from a narrow base, abruptly acute or apiculate, about 6.7 mm. or less long and 3.8 mm. wide. Lateral sepals obliquely spatulate or oblong-spatulate, acute, carinate, distinctly longer and narrower than
the dorsal sepal.
late, shorter
Petals variable, obliquely oblanceolate to oblong-obovate, apicu-
parallel to
and narrower than the dorsal sepal. Lip with the basal half erect and the column in natural position with the anterior half abruptly reflexed,
obtuse or slightly retuse at the apex, ovate-oblong, oblong-elliptic or "oblongligulate" when expanded, lightly retuse in the middle of each side, about 6 mm. long; disc with a linear, sulcate callus extending through the lower hah" and ending

in 2 free teeth or lobules.
825
Column very short and stout, broadly winged on each the wings ending in a blunt triangular tooth. side throughout,
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Wallis s.n. (type of Mesospinidium 2040 meters, Wallisii).Cuzco: Prov. of Urubamba, Machu-Picchu,
on rocks, Vargas 3373.
Odontoglossum praestans Reichb.
1854; Rolfe, Lindenia 7: 71, t. 1915. Plant showy, variable. Rhizome apparently abbreviated. Pseudobulbs ovoid
or less long, or pyriform-cylindric, often aggregated, subcompressed, about 6 cm. mottled with purplish brown, surrounded by 3 or 4 pairs of distichous, bifoliate,
Warsc. Bonpl. 2: 99. 322. 1892; Orch. Rev. 23: 156, fig. 14.
f.
&
bear successively larger imbricating, conduplicate sheaths of which the upper ones more or less leaves. Leaves linear or linear-oblong, abruptly acute and apiculate, narrowed to a sessile or shortly petioled, conduplicate base, up to 23 cm. long, or exceeding 1.4 cm. or more wide. Scapes lateral in the axils of sheaths, equaling
the leaves, above racemose (or with a large-branched panicle according to Reichenwith about 2 close, very bach); peduncle (in the collection seen) 10-11 cm. high, raceme short to long, rather densely few- (6-) to manysmall, tubular sheaths; Flowers rather large, with widely spreading (15-) flowered, about 10-30 cm. long. or purple. Dorsal sepal segments, greenish yellow spotted with cinnamon-brown lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, long-acuminate, 2.9-3.6 (rarely 4.5) cm. long,
6-9
what
wide. Lateral sepals similar, very slightly longer and narrower, lanfalcate-incurved, dorsally carinate. Petals similar to the lateral sepals, lightly oblique, shorter and slightly ceolate or ovate-lanceolate, long-acuminate, wider than the dorsal sepal. Lip simple, lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate, long-
mm.
some-
acuminate, 2.5-2.7 cm. long; claw short, erect and parallel to the column, deeply which is tubular-concave; lamina with a broadly cuneate or subtruncate base recurved above; disc at the base (of the lamina) with 4 9-10 mm. wide, gently keels of which the inner pair is much short, stout, longitudinal, irregularly dentate Column stout, 9-11 mm. high at the back, prominently angled in front the larger. below the middle, with a pair of porrect, more or less elongate, decurved, irregulacerate wings above, the most conspicuous portion being at the summit.
larly
s.n. (type).
the Maranon River, Warscewicz [?] sources of Cuzco: Prov. of Urubamba, Machu-Picchu to Sta. Rita, 2040 meters, on rocks, Vargas 3363.
Peru: Amazonas
In the
Ames Herbarium
are several records of the type.

C. Schweinf.
Odontoglossum pusillum
14: 340,
t.,
Am.
Orch. Soc. Bull.
1946.
Figure 166.
Plant small and slender for the genus, variable, growing on rocks. Rhizome or rarely oblongstout, creeping. Pseudobulbs usually aggregated, oblong-cylindric surrounded below by strongly compressed, unifoliate, about 2-6 cm. tall,
ellipsoid,
1 to 3 pairs of distichous,
larger above and commonly leaf-bearing.
conduplicate, imbricating sheaths which are successively Leaves linear to linear-oblong, abruptly
826
30
rounded with a more or less obliquely bilobed apex, more or less narrowed to a conduplicate (often petiole-like) base, 2-19.2 cm. long, 4-10 mm. wide. Scapes lateral, in the axils of sheaths surrounding the pseudobulbs, slightly shorter than the leaves or much longer, 12-29 cm. long; peduncle complanate, up to 13 cm. long,
single, small, close, tubular sheath above the middle; inflorescence racemose or paniculate with 1 or 2 short, strict branches near the base, loosely few- to manyflowered, the rachis 1.5-18 cm. long. Floral bracts minute, many times shorter
with a
than the slender pedicellate ovary. Flowers very small for the genus, with widely spreading segments, yellow orange or greenish brown with whitish, yellow-dotted Dorsal sepal lightly recurved and tubular-involute in natural position, oblip.
long-oblanceolate when expanded, acute at the thickened apex, 7-7.5 mm. long, 2.1-2.4 mm. wide. Lateral sepals connate into a tubular-concave, bilobed lamina
is curved or lightly sigmoid when viewed from the side, markedly longer and wider than the dorsal sepal, the terminal lobes ovate and acute or mucronate. Petals obliquely oblanceolate or oblong-spatulate, falcate-incurved, acute, about as large as the dorsal sepal. Lip divided into 2 parts; basal portion upright and parallel to the column, oblong, angled or round-dilated and erect on each side at the base, about 3 mm. or more long, almost entirely occupied by an oblong, fleshy callus which is slightly dilated toward the 3-lobed apex, the middle lobe deeply
which
emarginate; anterior portion abruptly reflexed in course of development, reniformovate or cordate-ovate when expanded, broadly rounded and often obscurely lobulate in front with a minute apicule, truncate or subcordate at the base, 4.24.8
3-3.5
mm. long, 5.2-6 mm. wide. Column mm. long at the back.
stout, short, recurved, clavate, wingless,
Cuzco: Prov. of Calca, Lares Valley above Man toe, 2500 meters, Weberbauer 7916 (type). Prov. of Urubamba, Machu-Picchu, 2060
meters, Vargas 3338.
Lindl. Benth. PI. Hartw. 152. 1844; Odontoglossum 13, no. 36. 1852; Hook. f. Bot. Mag. 123: 7569. 1897. Oncidium retusum Beer, Prakt. Stud. Orch. 290. 1854.
Odontoglossum retusum
Fol. Orch.
t.
Cyrtochilum retusum Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: 99. 1917, nomen, in key; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 86. 1922.
Plant rather large, epiphytic or growing on rocks. Pseudobulbs ovoid to narellipsoid, sometimes aggregated, subcompressed, unifoliate, about 2.5-5 cm. long, surrounded below by 3 or 4 pairs of distichous, imbricating, conduplicate sheaths which are successively larger and leaf-bearing upward. Leaves (the largest on the pseudobulb) elliptic-linear to linear-oblanceolate, obtuse to subacute, gradually narrowed below to a channelled, petioled base, up to 29 cm. long and about 2 cm. wide (those on the sheaths less narrowed below). Scape lateral, basal, in the axil of a sheath, more or less exceeding the leaves; peduncle slender, about 23.5 cm. or more long, provided with about 3 remote, small, close, tubular sheaths; inflorescence slender, loosely many-flowered, with few to several short, few-flowered branches, the branches sometimes compound; rachis 12-30 cm. or more long. Flowers rather small for the genus with spreading segments, orange-scarlet with a golden yellow lip. Dorsal sepal broadly oblanceolate or narrowly obovate, acute, deeply concave or subconduplicate, about 1.3-1.6 cm. long and 5.4 mm. wide when expanded. Lateral sepals oblanceolate, lightly oblique, acute and apiculate, dor-
rowly
ODONTOGLO55UM
pusiCurn
G.uc/iweinJ.
FIG 166.
Odontoglossum pusillum C. Schweinf.
1,
plant;
X %.
side;
2,
flower in
4. 4, lip
natural position, oblique view; spread out, from above; X 4.
X 3^.
3, lip
and column from
827
828
30
somewhat longer and narrower than the dorsal sepal. Petals narrowly oblong-obovate, acute, lightly oblique, distinctly shorter and narrower than the dorsal sepal. Lip oblong-subquadrate, sessile, with the base suberect and parallel to the column, recurved-spreading above, simple to obscurely 3-lobulate with rounded basal lobules, subtruncate to retuse in front, apiculate, about 1 cm. long and 7.6 mm. wide near the base; disc below with a sulcate callus or 2 approximate calli extending about to the middle. Column dwarf, very stout, about 3 mm. high at the back, prominently margined on each side throughout.
sally carinate,
Cajamarca,
fide Schlechter,
Fedde Repert. Beih.
9: 171. 1921.
Ecuador
(type).
Odontoglossum revolutum
256. 1845; Fol. Orch.
Lindl.
Ann.
& Mag.
Nat. Hist. 15:
Odontoglossum 16, no. 45. 1852. revolutum Beer, Prakt. Stud. Orch. 290. 1854.
Oncidium
Plant large and robust, variable, with a stout, apparently creeping rhizome. Pseudobulbs congested, apparently unifoliate, entirely concealed by about 4 pairs of distichous, imbricated, conduplicate sheaths which are successively larger and leaf -bearing upward; thus is formed a very stout and robust basal portion. Leaves linear, rigid, abruptly obtuse, sessile, slightly narrowed at the conduplicate base, up to 30 cm. or more long and 2.4 cm. wide when the strongly revolute sides are
expanded. Scape stout, lateral, in the axil of sheaths, much surpassing the leaves, about 100 cm. tall in the type; peduncle about 79 cm. tall, with several (about 5 or more) short, appressed, tubular sheaths. Inflorescence a compound, pyramidal panicle about 30 cm. or less long, the branches more or less remote on the axis, densely flowered. Bracts prominent, ovate or lanceolate, cucullate, spathaceous. Flowers medium-sized, with spreading, recurved segments, apparently yellow. Sepals conduplicate, with undulate margins, dorsally carinate especially the latDorsal sepal lanceolate-elliptic when expanded, acuminate, clawed, eral ones. 1.5-3 cm. long, 5.8-11 mm. wide. Lateral sepals very similar, slightly longer and narrower. Petals lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, much shorter than the dorsal sepal and slightly narrower than the lateral sepals. Lip recurved, with the base erect and parallel to the column and the sides of the anterior portion erect in natural position, lightly 3-lobed with a suborbicular basal portion and a lanceolate or oblong terminal portion, acute or acuminate, with a prominent mucro, 1.4-2 cm. long when expanded, 5.6-7 mm. wide below; disc with a conspicuous pair of high, thin keels near the base, a much smaller keel in the center, and a group of 2 or 3 filiform papillae on either side in front. Column small, wingless, about
5.5-8
mm.
long at the back.
Junin, fide Schlechter, Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 171. 1921. Colombia (type).
Odontoglossum ringens
1878.
Reichb.
f.
Saund. Refug. Bot. 2:
t.
99.
Plant large. Pseudobulb oblong-ovoid ("oblong"), complanate, bifoliate, apparently about 12 cm. long, surrounded at the base by one or more pairs of short, distichous, leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves narrowly oblong or "ligulate," elongate,
829
about 2.5 cm. wide. Scape lateral, basal, teracute, apparently over 40 cm. long, the branches are short, f ractiminated by a long, loosely branched panicle of which times to 8-) flowered. Floral bracts minute many flex and rather densely few- (3Flowers medium-sized, with widely spreading lines on with brown lines on the sepals and petals and violet segments pale yellow about 2.3 cm. long acute, the basal part of the lip. Dorsal sepal oblong-lanceolate, Petals similar, oblique, often with reflexed tips. wide. Lateral
shorter than the pedicellate ovary.
and
mm.
sepals
elliptic-lanceolate ("oblong"), acute, about as long as the petals, subwider than the sepals. Lip rhombic-pandurate, below, then abruptly dilated erect at the very base and recurved in front, quadrate form an ovate-triangular, acute or subacuminate apical portion; middle to
shorter oblique, undulate-margined,
and
near the of a pair of high, thin keels disc at the base with a saddle-like callosity consisting or teeth and with below and prolonged in front into 2 or 3 lobes which are dentate clavate, about 8 mm. high, a small callose keel between them. Column small, and 2 tooth-like blunt lo with a pair of nearly obsolete, angulate wings above in front of the stigmatic cavity.
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Pearce (Veitch's collector)
s.n.
No
material of this species was available.

f.
Odontoglossum subuligerum Reichb.
Linnaea 41: 27. 1876.
over 35 cm. Plant large. Leaves lanceolate, acute. Scape slender, apparently tubular, very distant sheaths. Infloreslong with several (4 or more) short, close, or 3-) flowered. Floral bracts much cence short, racemose, distantly few- (2similar, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, shorter than the pedicellate ovary. Sepals mm. wide. Petals similar to the sepals, acuminate, about 3-3.5 cm. long and 8 than the other segments, about 2.4 cm. long, with a slightly shorter. Lip shorter at the base; lamina "oblongsmall linear claw which is adnate to the column disc dilated above, acute, plicate-denticulate in front; ligula'te" or obovate-oblong, the anterior ones 4 the base with 7 calli in 2 series on each side, the upper filiform,
at
at the back. Column arcuate, trigonous, about triangular-setaceous and runcinate a pair of wings which are rhombic at 1.5 cm. high, angled above the base, with
the apex.
Peru: Habitat and collector not recorded.

material of this taxon was available, but there the type in the Ames Herbarium.
No
is
a record of
Odontoglossum tigroides C.
22,
t.,
Schweinf.
Am.
1945.
Figure 167.
bifoliate
abbreviated rhizome. Plant medium-sized, epiphytic, with an apparently
Pseudobulb narrowly ovoid to cylindric-pyriform, strongly complanate, below by about 3 pairs of distichous, or trifoliate, 3.5-5 cm. high, surrounded bears small, conduphcate imbricating sheaths of which the upper pair deeply to oblong-spatulate, abruptly rounded at the apex, gradblades. Leaves oblong a conduplicate, petiole-like base, 9-13 cm. long, 1.3ually narrowed below to much exceeding wide. Scapes lateral, basal in the axils of the inner sheaths, 1.7 cm. in youth, becoming arcuate or the leaves, 20.5-32 cm. long, suberect to spreading
830
30
in age, one on either side of the pseudobulb; peduncle rather stout, complanate, 3-10 cm. long, with 1-3 remote, stout, infundibuliform sheaths; raceme subdensely or loosely many-flowered, somewhat looser below, sometimes inter-
pendent
rupted in the middle by several sterile, imbricated, infundibuliform bracts; rachis about 20 cm. or less long, becoming fractiflex in age. Floral bracts conspicuous,
broadly ovate, amplexicaul, equaling or slightly surpassing the pedicellate ovary. Flowers racemose, small for the genus, fragrant, strongly distichous, with widely spreading, fleshy segments; sepals and petals yellowish white with 2 broad, transverse, brown-red bands, lip white with 2 brownish red dots. Sepals and petals with the lower portions revolute-convex and the anterior parts recurved and undulate. Dorsal sepal broadly obovate or suborbicular-obovate when expanded, broadly rounded above with a minute apicule, up to 12.8 mm. long and 8.6 mm. wide when expanded. Lateral sepals similar but a little longer and narrower, obovate-spatuPetals obliquely oblong-obovate, late, broadly obtuse or subacute, suboblique. obtuse to rounded above, shorter than the dorsal sepal and narrower than either sepal. Lip much smaller than the other segments, with the lower portion erect and parallel to the column and the larger anterior part reflexed-spreading, lightly 3-lobed above the middle, about 8.8 mm. long in natural position; lateral lobes semiorbicular, convex-re volute; mid-lobe much smaller, convex, broadly ovate when expanded, abruptly narrowed near the middle to an acute tip; disc between the lateral lobes with a pair of fleshy, ellipsoid, more or less indented, diverging Column short, stout, straight, about 5 mm. high at the back, with a pair of calli. conspicuous, falcate-semiovate wings at the summit.
Huanuco: Yanano, about 1800 meters, on mossy

3840.
tree,
Macbride
Odontoglossum trilobum
Schltr.
Fedde Repert. Beih.

t.
9: 111.
128, nr. 503. 1929.
Plant large, epiphytic, with a short rhizome. Pseudobulbs compressed, ovoid or oblong-ovoid, bifoliate, 9-12 cm. tall, surrounded on each side by one or more pairs of conduplicate, leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves narrowly oblong or lorate,
subobtuse, gradually narrowed below to a conduplicate, petiole-like base, up to 41 cm. long and 3.5 cm. wide. Scape lateral, basal in the axil of a sheath, much surpassing the leaves, gently arcuate, loosely paniculate above, up to 200 cm. tall; peduncle about 30-60 cm. long, with several (6 or more) short, remote, tubular,
evanescent sheaths; panicle narrow, elongate, many-flowered, with rather remote, loosely 2- to 4-flowered, fractiflex branches. Bracts very small, deltoid, concave, much shorter than the slender, pedicellate ovary. Flowers medium-sized, with widely spreading segments, light green spotted with brown and white. Sepals
and petals with lightly undulate margins. Dorsal sepal oblong-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, about 2.5 cm. long and 7 mm. wide, acute, dorsally keeled at the apex. Lateral sepals very similar, slightly oblique, as long as the dorsal sepal and very little narrower. Petals obliquely lanceolate-oblong, abruptly acute and apicvery slightly shorter than the sepals, about as wide as the lateral sepals. Lip rhombic-lanceolate in outline, sharply 3-lobed below the middle, about 1.82.4 cm. long and 1-1.4 cm. wide across the lateral lobes, spreading from an erect,
ulate,
narrowly cuneate, claw-like base; lateral lobes spreading, obliquely dolabriform or semiobovate-rounded, with irregular anterior margins; mid-lobe oblong-lanceolate,
FIG 167.
4, lip
natural position, front view;
flower, Odontoglossum tigroides C. Schweinf. 1, plant; X ^. 2, X 2. 3, lip and column, obliquely from side; > expanded, from above; X 4. 5, capsule; X
831
832
30
obtuse to subacute, apiculate, about 1-1.4 cm. long and 4 mm. wide; disc from the base of the lip through the lower third with an oblong, fleshy callus which is slightly dilated above with a pluridentate upper portion and a bilobed apex. Column relatively short and straight, about 7 mm. high at the back, with a pair of minute, obliquely ovate-lanceolate, falcate wings above.
Junin: Near
La Merced,
in the
Chanchamayo
Valley, Kohler
brothers s.n. (type). Schunke Hacienda, above San Ramon, 13001700 meters, in dense forest, Schunke A64 (this specimen is very poor
and fragmentary; hence questionable). Loreto: Pumayacu, between Balsapuerto and Moyobamba, 600-1200 meters, in forest, King 0.16.
Odontoglossum tripudians
Reichb.
f.
1854; Hook. f. Bot. Mag. 99: t. 6029. 1873; Cogn. Orch. Odontoglossum t. 27. 1902.
& Warsc. Bonpl. 2: 100. & Goos. Diet. Icon.

ellipsoid,
A rather large
and showy plant.
Pseudobulbs oblong-ovoid or
com-
pressed, bifoliate, 6-10 cm. high, apparently approximate, surrounded below by 1 or 2 pairs of distichous, conduplicate sheaths which are commonly leaf-bearing.
Leaves oblong-oblanceolate, acute or acuminate, long-narrowed below with a conduplicate base, 17.7-25 cm. long, about 2.5 cm. wide. Scape lateral, basal in the axil of a sheath, exceeding the leaves, arcuate, about 33 cm. long, terminating in a loosely 8- to 12-flowered raceme which is 18.5 cm. or more long. Bracts very small, triangular-lanceolate, much shorter than the pedicellate ovary. Flowers rather Dorsal large, with widely spreading segments, dull yellow-green on the back. sepal lanceolate-elliptic, acute or acuminate, 2.4-3.5 cm. long, 6-13 mm. wide, maroon with a yellow tip. Lateral sepals*similar but slightly narrower, ellipticlanceolate, suboblique, acuminate. Petals similar to the lateral sepals but a little smaller, oblique, acuminate, sometimes with a few spreading teeth on the sides, golden yellow with very broad, maroon blotches. Lip with a short, narrow, erect claw parallel to the column, 2.3-2.7 cm. long when expanded, white or yellowish with rose or violet blotches; lamina subquadrate-pandurate, the basal part cordateovate with erose or crenulate margins and the anterior part suborbicular and apiculate, with irregularly laciniate margins; disc near the base with about 10 radiating
keels, the inner 4 larger
and produced into spinous processes. Column stout, arcuate, 1.3-1.5 cm. long, with a pair of irregularly lacerate or deeply 3-toothed
wings above.

lombia.
s.n. (type).
Also Co-
Odontoglossum Wyattianum
1928.
G. Wilson, Orch. Rev. 36: 47.
This
scribed,
is an obscure and even the
species, since no vegetative features were deorigin is uncertain. Consequently it was not
entered in the key.

Flowers said to be similar to those of O. Harryanum but smaller and not so highly colored, 5-7.6 cm. in vertical diameter. Sepals up to 3.8 cm. long, golden brown with a triangular white blotch at the base. Petals about equal to the sepals

but more pointed.
833
Lip about 3.8 cm. long, purple and white, broadly ventricose, trumpet-like in profile, contracted at the base, 3-lobed; lateral lobes large, rounded, Column white lined with red-brown, having erect; mid-lobe spreading, bilobed.
a pair of yellow pointed wings above the stigma.
Peru?
SYMPHYGLOSSUM
A
Schltr.
very small genus of American epiphytes, at present limited to two species growing in Ecuador and Peru.
Plants with quite the habit and general appearance of Cochlioda, to which they have been generally united, but they appear to be distinct by reason of certain Lateral sepals connate through the lower half (free or nearly floral characters. so in Cochlioda); petals adnate to the column below (free in Cochlioda); lip simple (3-lobed in Cochlioda); column bearing a simple stigmatic orifice (2 separate ones
in Cochlioda).
Symphyglossum sanguineum
9.
(Reichb.
f.)
Schltr. Orchis 13:
Mesospinidium sanguineum Reichb. f. Walp. Ann. 6: 858. 1864; Batem. Bot. Mag. 93: t. 5627. 1867. Cochlioda sanguinea Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. PI. 3: 560. 1883; Cogn. Martius Fl. Bras. 3,
1919.
t.
pt. 6: 208,
44,
fig. 1.
1905.
Plant medium-sized to large, epiphytic. Rhizome abbreviated. Pseudobulbs aggregated (rarely solitary), oblong-ovoid or ellipsoid, strongly compressed, 3-7 cm. long, usually bifoliate, surrounded at the base by several pairs of distichous, deeply imbricating sheaths of which the longer uppermost ones are leaf-bearing. Leaves variable, elliptic-oblong to linear, acute, long-narrowed below to a conduplicate, petiole-like base, 6.3-25 cm. long, 7-20 mm. wide, subcoriaceous, with the midnerve carinate beneath. Scape lateral, basal in the axil of an inner sheath, erect to nodding, sometimes loosely branched, 5-50 cm. long, often much surpassing the leaves; peduncle with several remote, closely clasping, short sheaths; flower cluster usually racemose, rather laxly few- to many-flowered. Floral bracts small, triangular-ovate or lanceolate, acute or acuminate, much shorter than the slender pedicellate ovary. Flowers rather small, rose-purple with a whitish rose lip, subsecund, the subspreading segments rather fleshy. Dorsal sepal elliptic to ovalobovate, deeply concave, broadly rounded and minutely apiculate at the apex, 10-15 mm. long, about 7 mm. wide when expanded. Lateral sepals connate to the middle or above forming a broadly obovate, concave lamina which is about as long as the dorsal sepal but considerably broader, with rounded, subacute lobes. Petals similar to the dorsal sepal but a little smaller, with the central basal part adnate to the column, oval-obovate, abruptly subacute. Lip fleshy, shorter than the sepals, the center adnate to the column to the upper part of the latter with the margins free, the lower portion parallel to the column, the anterior portion deflexed, entire, ovate, concave and narrowed to a subacute point; disc with a pair of high, semiorbicular plates at the base of the free lamina. Column short, gradually much dilated upward, about 4.7-9 mm. long at the back.
834
30
Peru: Near the source of the Maranon River, Warscewicz s.n. (type of Mesospinidium sanguineum). Cajamarca, fide Schlechter, Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 169. 1921. Also Ecuador.
BRASSIA
R. Br.
A rather small but confusing genus of American epiphytes extending from southern Florida (U.S.A.), the
West Indies and Mexico, through Central America and South America to Brazil, Bolivia and
Peru.
Plants small to very large, but usually medium-sized, often with a stout rhiPseudobulb subglobose-ovoid or oblong-ovoid to oblong-cylindric (rarely elongate-cauliform), 1- to 2-leaved (rarely 3- to 5-leaved), surrounded on each side
zome.
below by 2 or more pairs of imbricating, often leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves ellipticoblong to oblong-oblanceolate or rarely linear. Scapes lateral, basal, axillary, shorter to much longer than the leaves, terminated by a lax to dense raceme or
rarely a panicle, few- to many-flowered. Floral bracts commonly much shorter than the pedicellate ovary. Flowers small or usually large, with more or less spreading segments. Sepals similar, free, narrowly lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, acumi-
nate or with an elongate, caudate apex. Petals similar to the sepals but more or less smaller. Lip commonly sessile, spreading from the base of the column, simple or pandurate, shorter and much wider than the other segments, commonly with 2 or more keels or calli at the base. Column very short, stout, footless, wingless.
Anther terminal, opercular, incumbent.

Al.
A2.
la.
Pollinia 2, obovoid,
unappendaged.
Inflorescence paniculate, with several spreading-ascending branches. B. thyrsodes Inflorescence simply racemose, few- to several-flowered
I 1
Ib.
la.
Lip pandurate in outline Lip not pandurate
Ib. 2a.
Anterior part of the lip strongly dilated, gradually acuminate above; calli in front of the basal pair very short and broad B. cryptophihalma Anterior part of the lip not strongly dilated, abruptly pointed or aristate ... 2
Basal keels of the

sepals
lip confluent into a broad apex; flowers numerous (about 16) and petals transversely chocolate-barred near the base B. Forgetiana
.
2b.
3a.
Basal keels of the

less)
;
lip
sepals
and petals apparently not transversely barred
separate, not confluent above; flowers few (about 10 or 3
3b.
Anterior part of the calli of the lip not terminating in a pair of arcuate keels; flowers relatively large, lateral sepals over 5 cm. long B. signata Anterior part of the calli of the lip terminating in a pair of long, arcuate keels; flowers relatively small, lateral sepals 4 cm. or less long; column dilated at
the base
B. arcuigera
4a.
of the lip with a subquadrate-oblong lower third, then abruptly B. Filomenoi rhombic-dilated above; basal callus bicuspidate in front
Lamina
4b.
5a.
Lamina
dilated
of the lip
without a subquadrate-oblong lower third, not abruptly

5
above
Base Base
of the lip with 6 distinct calli; flowers fleshy; sepals 2-2.6 cm. long. B. villosa (B. hexodonta)
of the lip
5b.
with 2 or 4 distinct
calli

6a.
835
7
Flowers small, lateral sepals 3.7 cm. or
less
long
6b
Flowers large, lateral sepals 4.5 (rarely 4) cm. or
more long
-
and 1.3 cm. or less wide; lip with 2 simple, 7a. Leaf linear-ligulate, 6-10 cm. long B elegantula at the base longitudinal keels or more wide; lip witl Leaf oblong or oblanceolate, 16-24 cm. long, 4 cm. 7b. 2 pairs of 2 calli at the base about 8a Sepals 3.4-3.7 cm. long; lip obovate-oval, abruptly long-acuminate, B.jumnensis 2.5 cm. long or oblong-ovate, shortly acu8b Sepals about 2 cm. long; lip elliptic-lanceolate B KoeMe about 1.3 cm. long minate, 35 cm. or more tall, remotely 3- to 9a Pseudobulbs elongate-cauliform, about
'
'
5-leaved
9b.
'
*K/omw
tall,
cm. or less Pseudobulbs oblong-cylindric to ovoid-subglobose, 18 1- or 2-leaved (very rarely 3-leaved)

approximately
sub1"
lOa
lOb. 11 a.
Lip more or
less
verrucose above; anterior pair of
calli
prominent and
divergent of calli consisting of erect, often Lip not verrucose above; anterior pair minute teeth 1* shorter Petals about as long as the dorsal sepal or somewhat
Petals about half as long as the dorsal sepal or less leaves subobtuse; Pseudobulbs oblong-cylindric to oblong-ovoid, 2-leaved; B buolor 5 mm. wide sepals leaves short-acuminate; sepals Pseudobulbs ovoid-subglobose, 1-leaved; B. perunana 2.5 mm. or less wide to ovoid-oblong, commonly 1-leaved; basal
-
'
blde
lib.
12a
12b
13a
'
Pseudobulbs broadly
ellipsoid or 2 callus of the lip low, consisting of 1 low, sulcate callus terminating in an erect tooth usually
approximate
-B.
calli,
13b
longissima of the Pseudobulb oblong-cylindric, 2- or (very rarely) 3-leaved; basal calli 2 conspicuous, usually separate teeth lip separate and commonly high, with B. caudata in front
Brassia arcuigera Reichb. Orch. Rev. 25: 222. 1917.
f.
Gard. Chron. (1869) 388; Rolfe,
in the drawing of the Vegetative parts not described. Raceme (incomplete about from the Reichenbach Herbarium) loosely several-flowered; rachis type about 7-flowered. Floral bracts triangular-lanceolate, 8 cm. long, gently arcuate, than the pedicellate acute or acuminate, amplexicaul and concave, much shorter small for the genus, with spreading segments. Sepals ovary. Flowers relatively 3-4 cm. long. Petals very simsubequal, "linear" or linear-lanceolate, acuminate, shorter. Lip about as long as the petals, lightly pandurate, but markedly
ilar,
sessile; disc at "oblong" or ovate-oblong, "aristate" or very abruptly acuminate, calli which are the base with a pair of "semioblong" or obliquely oblong, fleshy or arcuate-diverging keels. Column produced in front into conspicuous arched
short, dilated at the base.
Peru: Habitat and collector not recorded; introduced by Messrs.

Veitch.
in the Ames Herspecimen of this species has been seen, but barium are drawings of the type from the Reichenbach Herbarium.
No
836

Brassia bicolor Rolfe, Lindenia 8: 87,
t.
30
378. 1893.
Plant rather large and showy. Pseudobulbs aggregated, oblong-cylindric or oblong-ovoid, subcompressed, bifoliate, up to about 12 cm. high, surrounded at the base by 1 or 2 pairs of distichous, long-acuminate, imbricating sheaths of which the larger inner one is often leaf-bearing. Leaves "linear-oblong" or ellipticoblanceolate, subobtuse, about 22 cm. or less long and 6 cm. or less wide. Scapes Flowers about 8, rather large, with erect, with a subdensely flowered raceme. widely spreading segments, greenish yellow spotted or deeply banded below with blackish brown. Dorsal sepal linear-lanceolate, long-acuminate, about 5 cm. long and 5 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar to the dorsal sepal but somewhat longer, oblique. Petals similar to the lateral sepals but shorter and slightly narrower than the dorsal sepal. Lip "lanceolate-oblong" or rhombic-lanceolate, rather longacuminate, about 3.5 cm. long and 1 cm. wide, with slightly undulate margins; disc at the base with a pair of small keels which are parallel, fleshy, erect, glabrous, and terminate in an erect tooth at the apex. Column clavate, about 7 mm. long.
Peru: Habitat and collector not recorded; introduced by Messrs. Linden.
No
Brassia bidens Lindl. Bot. Reg. 30, Misc. 6, no. 6. 1844; Fol. Orch. Brassia 3, no. 4. 1853; Cogn. Martius Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6: 266. 1905. Brassia Lanceana Lindl. var. viridiflora Hook. Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3794. 1841. Oncidium bidens Reichb. f. Walp. Ann. 6: 769. 1863.
Pseudobulb cylindric-oblong or rarely narrowly cylindric, compressed, 2- or (very rarely) 3-leaved, 6-13 cm. high, surrounded below by 2 or 3 pairs of distichous, imbricating sheaths which are successively larger upward and occasionally
leaf-bearing.
late-elliptic,
Leaves oblong to oblong-elliptic or oblong-oblanceolate to oblanceoacute or subacute, more or less cuneate below, 14-29.5 cm. long, 2.2-7 cm. wide, subcoriaceous. Scape lateral, basal, in the axil of a sheath, commonly equaling or exceeding the leaves, suberect to lax; peduncle 23 cm. or less long, with 3 or more remote, short, infundibuliform sheaths; raceme subdensely 5- to 15-flowered, 11-23.5 cm. long. Floral bracts very small, infundibuliform. Flowers rather large, with widely spreading segments, green or yellow-green, with
brown or blackish spots. Dorsal sepal linear-lanceolate, long-acuminate or caudate, up to 7 cm. long and 6 mm. wide, concave below, tubular-involute above. Lateral
sepals very similar, but longer and slightly narrower, dorsally carinate. Petals similar to the sepals, but markedly shorter than either, obliquely linear-lanceolate, long-acuminate. Lip much shorter and broader than the other segments, rhombic-
obovate or rhombic-oblanceolate, more or less abruptly acuminate, sessile at the rounded base, up to 4 cm. long and 2.3 cm. wide above the middle, undulate; disc usually prominently verruculose through the center, at the base with a pair of approximate, low, fleshy keels which terminate in a pair of conspicuous, erectspreading, triangular teeth. Column very small, about 5 mm. or less high at the
back.
Amazonas: Prov. of Bagua, canyon of Rio Maranon, between km. 247 and 250 along Mesons-Muro Highway, Hutchison 1532.
837
Loreto: Mishuyacu, near Iquitos, 100 meters, in forest, Klug 1199. San Martin: Vicinity of Iquitos, 100 meters, epiphyte, Klug 10008.
San Roque, 1350-1500 meters, Williams 7717. British Guiana, and Venezuela.
Brassia caudata
Brassia
L. Sp. 1805.
(L.) Lindl.
Also Brazil (type),
Bot. Reg. 10:
t.
832. 1824; Fol. Orch.
3, no. 5. 1853; Hook. Bot. Mag. 62: t. 3451. 1835; Cogn. Martius Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6: 257, t. 58. 1905. Epidendrum caudatum
ed. 2: 1349. 1763. Malaxis caudata Willd. Sp. PL 4: 93. Oncidium caudatum Reichb. f. Walp. Ann. 6: 766. 1863. Brassia Lewisii Rolfe, Orch. Rev. 1: 199. 1893. Figure 168.
PL
Plant epiphytic, very variable. Pseudobulbs often aggregated, oblong-cylin(commonly narrowly so), strongly compressed and ancipitous, 6-15 cm. long, bifoliate (very rarely trifoliate), surrounded below by 3 or 4 pairs of distichous, imbricated sheaths which are successively larger upward and occasionally leafdric
Leaves elliptic-oblong to oblong-oblanceolate, abruptly acute, more or long-cuneate below, 12.5-35.5 cm. long, 2.1-5 (rarely 5.7) cm. wide. Scapes shorter or longer than the leaves, suberect to nodding; peduncle with 3 or more, mostly remote, short, close, tubular-infundibuliform sheaths; raceme loosely to subdensely 4- to 15-flowered, with the rachis up to 16.5 cm. (rarely 28 cm.) long.
bearing.
less
Floral bracts triangular-ovate or triangular-lanceolate, deeply concave, amplexiFlowers rather large, with caul, much shorter than or subequaling the ovary.
widely spreading segments, greenish yellow with brown or reddish spots. Dorsal sepal narrowly lanceolate, long-caudate, concave below, tubular-involute above, up to 8 cm. long and 6 mm. wide. Lateral sepals lanceolate-linear, oblique, much longer than the dorsal sepal (often twice as long) and somewhat narrower, navicuPetals falcate-lanceolate and incurved toward the dorsal sepal, shortly caudate, about half as long as the dorsal sepal or less. Lip somewhat shorter or longer than the petals, ovate-oblong, more or less abruptly long-acuminate or aristate,
lar.
sessile at the base, about 3.5 cm. long and 1.5 cm. wide or smaller; disc at the base with a pair of short, approximate, usually high, pubescent keels and a pair of small, erect teeth in front. Column very short and stout, about 5 mm.
rounded and
high at the back.
Loreto: Mishuyacu, near Iquitos, 100 meters, in forest, Klug 1047, 1284- Vicinity of Iquitos, 100 meters, on tree in dense forest, Klug 10007. Also Florida (U.S.A.), Mexico, through Central America, the
West Indies (type
of Epidendrum caudatum) and northern South America to Surinam, Ecuador, Bolivia and Peru.
Brassia cauliformis C. Schweinf.

t.,
Am.
Orch. Soc. Bull. 15: 132,
1946.
Figure 169.
Plant tall, robust. Pseudobulb elongate-cauliform, up to 35 cm. or more tall, remotely 3- to 5-leaved (the interval between the lowest leaves 3.5-10 cm.), surrounded below by two pairs of imbricating, conduplicate, usually leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves of two forms: blades on the upper sheaths oblong-oblanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, short-acuminate, long-narrowed to a sessile, conduplicate
FIG. 168.
calli
Brassia caudata (L.) Lindl.
1,
plant;
X %.
lip,
2,
base of
calli
and column, front-side view; with column removed; X 2J^.
2}4.
3,
base of
showing
lip, showing from above,
838
cau Ci fformis Cif
FIG. 169.
Brassia cauliformis C. Schweinf.
1,
plant;
1.
/w.
2, inflorescence;
Vi.
3, lip
and column, obliquely from
side;
4, lip
from above;
1.
839
840
30
base, 19-43 cm. long, up to 4.7 cm. wide; blades on the pseudobulb linear-oblanceolate, short- or long-acuminate, very long-narrowed to a channelled base, up to
59.5 cm. long and 4 cm. wide. Scapes lateral, basal in the axil of a sheath, sometimes about 1.5 m. tall (according to the collector's notes), robust, with one or more remote, small, close, amp lexi caul sheaths; raceme loosely 12- to 14-flowered, rachis about 28.5 cm. or less long. Floral bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, amplexicaul, up to 1.6 cm. long, much shorter than the pedicellate ovary. Flowers variable in size and often rather large, with widely spreading segments, greenish yellow with a brown-spotted lip or yellow. Dorsal sepal linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 3.8-7.4 cm. long, 5-6 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar but very slightly Petals lanceolate-linear, acuminate, dislarger, lightly oblique and navicular. tinctly shorter than the sepals. Lip ovate-lanceolate or rhombic-lanceolate, acuminate, 3-5.6 cm. long, 1.3-2.9 cm. wide, with the margins (except near the base) crenulate and undulate; disc at the base with a pair of short, glabrous keels which are low and approximate below, then diverging and semielliptic-dilated above (when viewed from the side). Column very short and stout, about 5 mm. high
at the back.
Cuzco: Prov. of Convention, Hda. Potrero, Sapan-Sachayocc, 2200 meters, on open grass slope, Vargas 2528. Prov. of Quispicanchis, Chaupichaca, Marcapata Valley, 1600-1700 meters, in "shrubwood," Weberbauer 7823 (type).
Brassia cryptophthalma Reichb.
554. 1879.
Vegetative portion and lower part of the inflorescence lacking. Raceme short, arcuate, subdensely several- (about 7-) flowered, with a purple-violet rachis. Floral bracts small, lanceolate-ovate, amplexicaul, much shorter than the pedicelf.
Gard. Chron.
n. ser. 12:
Flowers rather large, with widely spreading segments, pale yellow late ovary. with dark violet lower portions to the sepals and the lip deeper yellow with a few
dark violet spots.
Sepals linear-lanceolate, long-acuminate or "aristate," 6-7 cm.
long, the lateral ones somewhat longer than the dorsal and slightly oblique. Petals similar to the lateral sepals, but shorter than the dorsal. Lip pandurate, oblongobovate in outline and strongly dilated above, acuminate, rounded at the sessile
base, about 4.5 cm. or more long and 2.1 cm. wide above; disc at the base with 4 smooth keels in two series; posterior keels approximate, oblong becoming lower in front and ending in a sharp, upcurved tooth; anterior keels broadly oblong, short and diverging. Column very short and stout.
Peru: Habitat and collector not recorded; introduced by Messrs. Mayer of Karlsruhe.
No example of this species was available, but in the Ames Herbarium there are drawings of this plant from the Reichenbach Herbarium.
Brassia elegantula Reichb. f. Gard. Chron. n. ser. 24: 616. 1885; Rolfe, Orch. Rev. 13 200. 1905. Oncidium elegantulum Reichb. f. Gard. Chron. n. ser. 24: 616. 1885.
:

'
841
15 cm. high including the infloresPlant very small for the genus, tufted, about otherwise Rhizome abbreviated. Pseudobulbs "rather small, glaucous, cence 6.3or "cuneate-ligulate, rigid, acute, glaucous, not described. Leaves linear 8 cm. long, 8-13 mm. wide. Inflorescence slender; raceme nearly 10 2 cm long, Floral bracts relatively large, ovate or few- (2- 'to 5-) flowered, loose to subdense. and amplexicaul, shorter than the pedicellate "triangular," acute, deeply concave green with brown transovary Flowers small, with widely spreading segments, few madder-purple dots; about 2.4 cm. in verse bars and a white lip having a or oblong-lanceolate, acute, about 1.2 cm. long. diameter Dorsal sepal lanceolate Petals similar to the dorsal Lateral sepals about equal, deflexed, falcate-incurved. rather abruptly erect. Lip oblong-ovate or "oblong," sepal but distinctly shorter, disc at the base with a pair of acute or "apiculate," with the upper half reflexed; inflexed in front. Column keels which are hairy inside and abruptly
longitudinal very short, wingless, green
and brown.
Beih. 9: 172. 1921. Hab"Peru," fide Schlechter, Fedde Repert. to be imported from Mexico by F. Sander. itat uncertain; said was available, but in the Ames Herof this
No example barium are drawings
species of the type
from the Reichenbach Herbarium.

9: 111. 1921;
Brassia Filomenoi Schltr. Fedde Repert. Beih. Mansf. Fedde Repert. Beih. 57: t. 129, nr. 504. 1929.
to 40 cm. Plant epiphytic, probably large, vegetative parts lacking. Scape up 10- to 15-flowered, erectdistantly few-sheathed, raceme loosely long- peduncle 20 cm. long. Floral bracts oblong-deltoid, apiculate, spreading, secund, up to and petals much shorter than the ovary. Flowers showy, rather large; sepals brown at the base; lip sparingly spotted with dark brown. yellow with dark
greenish diverging, 6.3-6.5 cm long, Sepals lanceolate-linear or "linear," long-acuminate, Petals very similar to the sepals but a little shorter, the lateral ones oblique. wide near in outline, about 4 cm. long and 1.5 cm. oblique. Lip obovate-oblong lamina quadrate-oblong through the lower third, the middle; claw very short; above into an elongate, rounded at the base, then rhombic-dilated and narrowed disc at the base with a pair of approximate, fleshy, gradually acuminate point; lobulate-dilated above and very shortly subglabrous calli which are abruptly mm. high, glabrous. front on each side. Column short, about 6 or 7 cuspidate in
Loreto: Near
Moyobamba, Filomeno
s.n.
No
specimen of this species was accessible.
Brassia Forgetiana Hort. ex Gard. Chron. ser. 3, 48: 434, 463, C. Schweinf. Bot. Mus. Leafl. 471, fig. 209. 1910, nomen tantum; 12: 196. 1946. Harvard Univ.
without substantial, Plant large, allied to B. maculate R. Br., but heretofore illustration cited. Leaf Description drawn from the detailed definite diagnosis. subacute or rounded at the apex, apparlarge, oblong or elliptic-oblong, abruptly over 30 cm. long and 6-7 cm. wide. Raceme arcuate, densely many-flowered, ently acuminate, the rachis nearly 20 cm. long. Floral bracts ovate or ovate-lanceolate, medium-sized about one third as long as the pedicellate ovary. Flowers clasping,
842
30
for the genus, with horizontally spreading segments, greenish white with transverse chocolate or chocolate-purple bars near the base of the sepals and petals. Dorsal sepal narrowly lanceolate, long-acuminate, concave, about 6 cm. long and
6 or 6.5 mm. wide below the middle. Lateral sepals linear-lanceolate, long-acuminate, oblique, slightly falcate-incurved, a little longer than the dorsal sepal. Petals
obliquely linear-lanceolate, long-acuminate, falcate-incurved, somewhat more than half as long as the dorsal sepal and slightly narrower at the base where broadest.
Lip pandurate-oblong, rounded and very abruptly long-cuspidate at the apex, sesat the rounded base, nearly 4.5 cm. long, about 1 cm. wide near the base and 0.9 cm. wide near the apex; disc at the base with a pair of approximate, longitudinal, fleshy calli which are fused above into a somewhat dilated, abruptly truncate and 3-lobulate apex. Column very short and stout, about 6 mm. high.
sile
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Forget

Sander.
s.n.;
introduced by Messrs.
No
example of
this species
was
available.
t.,
Brassia juninensis C. Schweinf. 1945. Figure 170.
Am.
Orch. Soc. Bull. 14: 248,
Plant medium-sized for the genus, epiphytic, with a stout rhizome. Pseudobulbs oblong-cylindric, strongly compressed, obliquely bifoliate at the apex, 812 cm. high, surrounded below by 2 or 3 pairs of imbricating sheaths which are
progressively larger upward and rarely leaf-bearing. Leaves elliptic-oblong to broadly oblanceolate or oblong-oblanceolate, more or less abruptly acute, cuneate
or long-cuneate at the complicate base, 16-20.5 cm. long, up to 4.4 cm. wide. Scape lateral, basal in the axil of a sheath, shorter than the leaves or rarely slightly surpassing them, suberect or rarely with a reflexed raceme; peduncle 7-14 cm. long, commonly with several short sheaths, which are remote above;
raceme loosely
6- to 12-flowered.
Floral bracts small, triangular-ovate, amplexi-
about one half as long as the pedicellate ovary or less. Flowers rather small, subfleshy, with spreading segments, pale greenish creamcolor with the petals brown-purple below and the lip brown-spotted. Dorsal sepal linear-lanceolate or elliptic-linear, long-acuminate, concave below, about 3.4 cm.
caul, acute or acuminate,
mm. wide. Lateral sepals obliquely linear-lanceolate, acuminate, dorsally carinate with the keel produced into a prominent mucro, a little longer and very slightly narrower than the dorsal sepal. Petals linear or linear-lanceolate, long-acuminate, lightly oblique, markedly shorter and narrower than the sepals.
long, 3.5-6.5
Lip sessile, obovate-oval or oblong-obovate when expanded, with the apical portion recurved in natural position, abruptly long-acuminate, about 2.5 cm. long and 1.4 cm. wide, with crenulate margins especially above; disc at the base with a pair
which become lower beyond the middle and with 2 fleshy ovoid-dentiform, spreading calli just in front. Column very short and stout, about 5 mm. high at the back, with a large stigmatic
of very small, approximate, fleshy, pubescent calli
cavity.
Junin La Merced, Hacienda Schunke, about 1230 meters, in large clumps, flowers fragrant in the morning, Macbride 5660 (type). Chanchamayo Valley, 1200 meters, Schunke 531. Same place and altitude as the last, Schunke 562, 1807.
:
FIG. 170.
front;
1.
3, lip
Brassia juninensis C. Schweinf. and column, oblique view; X
1,
plant;
X %.
2, flower
from
2.
843
844
30
9: 112. 1921;
Brassia Koehlerorum Schltr. Fedde Repert. Beih. Mansf. Fedde Repert. Beih. 57: t. 129, nr. 505. 1929.
Plant epiphytic, erect, about 40 cm. high, with a short rhizome. Pseudobulbs narrowly oblong-cylindric, subcompressed, bifoliate, 15-17 cm. high, surrounded at the base by short, non-leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves obliquely oblong-ligulate, subacute, gradually somewhat narrowed toward the base, 21-24 cm. long, nearly 4-4.5 cm. wide in the middle. Scapes erect-spreading, 20-25 cm. long; peduncle up to 10 cm. long; raceme rather loosely 10- to 18-flowered, secund. Floral bracts rather small, deltoid. Flowers small for the genus, with slightly spreading segments. Dorsal sepal narrowly lanceolate, subacute to subacuminate, about 2 cm. long and 4.3 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar, but slightly longer, suboblique,
lightly carinate.
markedly narrower than the
Petals obliquely linear-lanceolate, subacute, slightly shorter and sepals. Lip from a subunguiculate-narrowed base
elliptic-lanceolate or "oblong-elliptic," shortly acuminate to a subobtuse tip, about 1.3 cm. long and nearly 5 mm. wide in the middle; disc at the base with a pair of
short, fleshy, minute-papillose keels which are retuse in the middle of each side or coarsely bicrenate with a pair of rounded, spreading, papillose calli just in front.
Column very
Koehler
s.n.
short and stout, about 4
mm.
high.
Junin: Near
La Merced,
in the
Chanchamayo
Valley, Bros.
No
specimen of this species was seen.
f.) Nash, Bailey Stand. Cyclop. Mar. 1914. Brassia longissima Schltr. Die Orchid. 496. Oct. 1914, in part. Brassia Lawrenceana Lindl. var. longissima Reichb. f. Gard. Chron. (1868) 1313; Hook. f. Bot. Mag. 95: t. 5748.
Brassia longissima (Reichb.

1: 541.
Hort.
1869.
Plant large, variable, with a stout creeping rhizome. Pseudobulb strongly ancipitous, oval or ellipsoid to pyriform-cylindric, unifoliate or less commonly bifoliate, 5-18 cm. long, surrounded below on each side by 2 or 3 imbricating
sheaths which are successively larger upward, the uppermost one leaf-bearing. Leaves (on the pseudobulb) elliptic-oblong to oblong, 15-56 cm. long, 4-7 cm. wide, acute, shortly cuneate at the complicate base. Scape lateral, basal in the axil of sheaths, shorter than or longer than the leaves, 30-60 cm. high; peduncle with 2 or more remote, short, close, tubular sheaths; raceme rather loosely 4- to 15-flowered, with the rachis 9-24 cm. long.
Floral bracts small, triangular-ovate
and
amplexicaul or infundibuliform, much shorter than the pedicellate ovary. Flowers very large, with horizontally spreading segments, yellow-green to orange-yellow with dark brown spots and lip whitish or cream-color with a few brown spots.
Dorsal sepal linear-lanceolate, elongate-setaceous, 7-12 cm. long, 5-7 mm. wide at the concave base. Lateral sepals similar but about twice as long or more. Petals obliquely linear-lanceolate, falcate-incurved, long-acuminate, about half as long
as the dorsal sepal. Lip oblong-lanceolate, long-acuminate, 4-7.6 cm. long, up to 1.5 cm. wide; disc at the base with a pair of approximate, narrow, fleshy, pubes-
stout,
cent ridges which commonly terminate in erect tubercles. about 6 mm. high.
Column very
short and
845
Amazonas: Habitat not recorded, Woytkowski 23. Loreto: Pumayacu, between Balsapuerto and Moyobamba, 600-1200 meters, Panama. epiphytic in forest, King 0.1. Also Costa Rica (type) and
Endl. Nov. Gen. ac Sp. 2: 12, t. Brassia peruviana Poepp. 117. 1838; Cogn. Martius Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6: 263. 1905. Oncidium peruvianum Reichb. f. Walp. Ann. 6: 767. 1863.
Plant large, with a short rhizome. Pseudobulb rather small, subglobose-ovoid, 1 or 2 pairs of compressed, unifoliate, 4-5 cm. long, glaucous, sheathed below by
conduplicate, imbricating, leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves large, linear-oblanceolate, shortly acuminate, long-narrowed below to a more or less petioled, channelled base, 40-60 cm. long, 3-5 cm. wide. Scape lateral, basal, robust, erect, a little shorter
&
than the leaves, 40-50 cm. tall; peduncle with a few, very remote, rather short, acute sheaths; raceme loosely several- (about 9-) flowered. Floral bracts triantimes shorter than the pedicellate gular-ovate, acute, somewhat ventricose, 2 or 3 ovary. Flowers medium-sized for the genus, subfleshy, with somewhat spreading linear or segments which are yellowish green spotted with purple. Dorsal sepal narrowed to an acute apex, 4-4.5 cm. long, 2-2.5 mm. lanceolate-linear, gradually subfalcate. wide, slightly concave. Lateral sepals similar but somewhat longer, linear or lanceolate-linear, long-acuminate, subfalcate, about equaling the Petals
dorsal sepal.
Lip spreading with the apex lightly recurved, oblong-ovate, acute,
somewhat attenuate below, about 2.5 cm. long, 9-12 mm. wide, with the margin of short, fleshy, smooth crisped and minutely crenulate; disc at the base with a pair calli which are approximate below and rather diverging above and 2 minute, remote teeth in front. Column very short and stout, slightly attenuate below,
3-4
mm.
high.
Huanuco:
District of Chihuamcala, near
Cuchero (Cochero),
in
rather dry thickets, Poeppig 1589.
No
example
of this species
was
f.
available.
Brassia signata Reichb.

Veitch,
Man. Orch.
f.
PI. pt. 7,
Gard. Chron. n. ser. 16: 6. 1881; Brassia 126. 1891. Oncidium signatum
Reichb.
I.e.
Plant medium-sized for the genus, with an abbreviated rhizome. Pseudobulbs cm. long, bifoliate or caespitose, oblong-ovoid to ellipsoid, compressed, 7.6-12.7 trifoliate, surrounded at the base by one or more pairs of imbricating, leaf-bearing
sheaths.
slightly
Leaves oblanceolate-oblong or "cuneate-ligulate," acute or subacute, and gradually narrowed below, 22.8-30.4 cm. long, about 3.6 cm. wide.
Scapes subequaling or exceeding the leaves, suberect, loosely racemose above, with 2-10 flowers. Flowers rather small for the genus, with widely spreading segments, the sepals and petals green turning to yellow and lined with brown below, and the lip white with 2 or 4 purplish spots. Dorsal sepal linear-lanceolate, longacuminate, about 5 cm. long and 5 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar but somewhat than either longer, lightly oblique. Petals similar to the lateral sepals but smaller
sepal.
Lip broadly pandurate, oval-ovate in outline, abruptly long-acuminate, about 2.5 cm. long; disc at the base with 2 approximate yellow keels which are
846
FIELDI AN A: BOTANY,
side.
VOLUME
30
emarginate in the middle of each

6
Column very
short and stout, about
mm.
high.
and Sons
Peru: Habitat not recorded; introduced by Messrs. of York, England.
J.
Backhouse
No specimen of this species was available, but the Ames Herbarium contains a drawing with floral analysis from the Reichenbach Herbarium.
Brassia thyrsodes Reichb.
f.
Gard. Chron. (1868) 842.
Plant large and stout. Pseudobulb pyriform-cylindric, with two remote constrictions (one near the middle and one above), apparently bifoliate or trifoliate, about 12 cm. high. Leaves not described or illustrated. Scape lateral, basal,
robust, suberect, apparently about 53 cm. tall; peduncle with a few small, remote, appressed sheaths; inflorescence a stout panicle with several spreading-ascending
branches, densely or subdensely many-flowered. Floral bracts triangular-ovate, acute or acuminate, concave and amplexicaul, widely spreading, about half as long as the pedicellate ovary or more. Flowers rather small for the genus, yellow with
greenish spots, with widely spreading segments. Dorsal sepal linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 3.5-4.5 cm. long, about 4 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar but somewhat longer, oblique. Petals similar to the lateral sepals but shorter than either
Lip elliptic-oblong or rhombic-ovate, acuminate, angled and often narrowed at the base, crisped, recurved above, about 3.5 cm. or less long when expanded, nearly 1.1 cm. wide near the middle; disc at the base with a pair of low lamellae
sepal. front.
which are angled at the apex and with a pair of obtusely angled lamellae just in Column very small, about 5 mm. high.
Peru: Habitat not recorded; introduced by Messrs. Veitch and

Sons.
No
example of
ium contains drawings
this species was accessible, but the Ames Herbarof the type from the Reichenbach Herbarium.
Brassia villosa Lindl. Fol. Orch. Brassia 4, no. 7. 1853; Cogn. Martius Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6: 264. 1905. Brassia hexodonta Reichb. f. & Warsc. Bonpl. 2: 98. 1854. Oncidium villosum Reichb. f. Walp. Ann. 6: 767. 1863.
Pseudobulbs, leaves and lower parts of scape lacking. Raceme densely or subdensely many-flowered, secund, about 23 cm. or more long. Floral bracts broadly triangular-ovate, acute, amplexicaul, appressed, 3 or 4 times shorter than the pe-
Flowers small, fragrant, with rather fleshy, spreading segments. Dorsal sepal oblong-lanceolate, long-acuminate, 2 cm. long, 3 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar but considerably longer, subfalcate. Petals narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, strongly arcuate-falcate, markedly shorter and slightly wider than the dorsal sepal. Lip sessile, spreading-reflexed, ovate-oval, abruptly acute or apiculate, undulate on the margin and sometimes lightly lobulate, subrounded at the base, about 1.5 cm. long, 7-10 mm. wide; disc at the base with 6 short, pubescent
dicellate ovary.
calli,
the 2 posterior
calli
oblique and
somewhat confluent above, the
median

calli
847
ular.
and semiorbicsubapproximate and central, and the 2 anterior calli spreading Column short, stout, clavate, acutely angled on each side at the apex, about
high.
mm.
Peru: Habitat not designated (type of B. hexodontaJHubnuco: Source of the Maranon River, Warscewicz s.n. (type of B. mllosa).
Also British Guiana.
Ames Herspecimens of this concept were available, but the contains a photograph with floral analysis of typical B. mlbarium hexodonta losa from the Lindley Herbarium as well as a drawing of B. Herbarium. from the Reichenbach
No
MILTONIA A
Lindl.
rather small genus of tropical American epiphytes, extending
from Costa Rica and Panama through Colombia, Ecuador and Peru to Paraguay and Argentina, and centering in Brazil.
Plant commonly large, rarely small. Rhizome abbreviated or long-creeping. Pseudobulbs often aggregated, 1- to 2-leaved, surrounded below by one or more Leaves linear or oblong, narrowed pairs of distichous, often leaf-bearing sheaths. the below. Scapes lateral, basal in the axil of sheaths, shorter or often longer than 1- to many-flowered above, racemose or rarely paniculate. Flowers
leaves, loosely
small, medium-sized or very large, with widely spreading segments. Sepals at the base. Petals similar to the equal, free or the lateral ones shortly connate the base of the column, sessile or sepals or often broader. Lip spreading from or pandurate; disc near the base 1- to several-lamellate. shortly clawed, simple Column short or very short, footless, often with a cucullate clinandrium. Anther terminal, opercular, incumbent. Pollinia 2, ovoid, unappendaged.
sub-
Al
A2.
la.
Scape much shorter than the leaves; flowers small for the genus,
or less long
lip 1.5
cm.
P arva
*
Scape as long as the leaves or longer; flowers relatively large;

or
lip
about 2.7 cm.
more long
Inflorescence
commonly branched;
late-oblong, 7.5
Ib.
mm.
sepals and petals crisped-undulate, spatuor less wide; lip not auricled at the base.
M.
Warscewiczii
Inflorescence always simple; sepals and petals flat, obovate-oblong, 10 or more wide; lip with a pair of triangular-ovate auricles at the base.
mm.
M.
vexillaria
Miltonia parva C. Schweinf. Am. Orch. Soc.

1945.
Bull. 14: 294,
t.,
Figure 171.
Rhizome
creeping, slender, concealed
Plant small and slender for the genus.
by
amplexicaul sheaths. Pseudobulbs cylindric, strongly comat the base by 2 distichous, imbripressed, unifoliate, 3.5-4.5 cm. long, surrounded the larger upper one commonly bearing a small leaf-blade. Leaf cating sheaths, nar(on the pseudobulb) oblong-linear to elliptic-linear, sharply acute, gradually
loose, concave,
848
30
petiole-like base, 17-23.5 cm. long, 1-1.5 cm. wide. very short, with a loosely 2-flowered raceme, about 5 cm. or less tall. Flowers small for the genus, with widely spreading segments. Dorsal sepal elliptic-oblong, abruptly acute, dorsally subcarinate, 1.68-1.8 cm. long, 5.27 mm. wide. Lateral sepals very similar in shape and size, dorsally carinate. Petals similar to the sepals but markedly smaller. Lip spreading from the base, simple, ovate-suborbicular or suborbicular, lightly retuse to broadly rounded in front, crenulate-erose and undulate except near the base, about 1.2-1.5 cm. long and 1.7-1.8 cm. wide; disc with a single more or less distinct, oblong, fleshy callus
rowed below to a conduplicate,

lateral, basal,
Scape
in the center of the base.
Column small,
clinandrium, 8.9-9.5 near the base.
mm.
lightly arcuate, terminating in a cucullate high at the back, with a pair of porrect, triangular teeth
Junin:
Same
Valley, 1200 meters, Schunke N. (type). 1500 meters, Schunke 1272, 1295. locality,
Chanchamayo
Miltonia vexillaria (Reichb. f.) Nichols. Diet. Gard. 2: 369 (1884-1888); Veitch, Man. Orch. PI. 8: 110. 1892; Cogn. & Goos. Diet. Icon. Orch. Miltonia t. 1. 1896. Odontoglossum vexillarium Reichb. f. Gard. Chron. (1867) 901; I.e. (1872) 667, fig. 163; Hook. f. Bot. Mag. 99: t. 6037. 1873.
Plant medium-sized to large, apparently with an abbreviated rhizome. Pseudobulbs oblong-ellipsoid, strongly compressed, about 4-6.3 cm. high, 1- or 2-leaved at the summit, surrounded at the base by 2 or 3 distichous, imbricating, leaf-bear-
Leaves narrowly elliptic-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, acute, about 15-30 cm. long, 2.5-3.7 cm. wide. Scapes lateral, basal in the axil of sheaths, usually 2 or 3 (rarely 6) to each plant, slender, arcuate, commonly longer than the leaves, up to 50 cm. long, very loosely racemose and 2- to 7-flowered. Flowers
ing sheaths.
and showy, very variable in size and color, usually pale rose-color (less commonly white or rose-carmine). Sepals similar, ovate-oblong, subacute to truncate, recurved above, white on the margins, about 2-3 cm. long and 1-1.4 cm. wide, the lateral sepals lightly oblique. Petals similar to the sepals but commonly broader.
large
much larger than the other segments, round-obovate to suborbicular, prominently bilobed in front, extended at the base into a pair of small, erect, triangularovate auricles, about 2.7-5.4 cm. long (on each side of the middle) and 2.4-6.4 cm. wide; disc at the yellow base with a minute, bilobed callus and 3 obscure teeth in front. Column abbreviated, clavate, wingless.
Lip
Cuzco: Prov. of Paucartambo, from Sta. Isabel to Asuncion, 1800 meters, epiphyte, Vargas 5525. Also Colombia (type) and Ecuador.
Miltonia Warscewiczii Reichb. f. Xen. Orch. 1: 129, 132. 1856; Hook. f. Bot. Mag. 96: t. 5843. 1870; Cogn. & Goos. Diet. Icon. Orch. Miltonia t. 8. 1900; Cogn. Martius Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6: 283. 1905. Oncidium fuscat um Reichb. f. Walp. Ann. 6: 763. 1863. Odontoglossum Weltonii Hort. ex Gard. Chron. (1870) 1: 417. Oncidium Weltonii Hort. ex Gartenfl. 25: 339. 1876.
MILXONIA
jo
ar i)a
C. Ocfiiweinji.
FIG. 171.
3, petal;
Miltonia parva C. Schweinf.

4, lateral sepal;
1,
plant;
1.
2, 3.
dorsal sepal;
6, lip
2.
2.
2.
5,
column from
side;
spread out;
2.
849
850

Plant large, epiphytic.
30
Rhizome apparently abbreviated.
Pseudobulbs con-
gested, strongly compressed, oblong-cylindric (sometimes slightly narrowed upward), unifoliate, 8-12.7 cm. long, surrounded below by 1 or 2 pairs of conduplicate,
leaf-bearing sheaths.
Leaves oblong, rounded or abruptly acute at the apex, gradually narrowed below to a conduplicate base, up to 33 cm. long (on the pseudobulb), about 3 cm. or more wide. Scape lateral, basal in the axil of a sheath, surpassing
the leaf, suberect to arcuate, 25-54 cm. long; peduncle about 41 cm. or less long, entirely or mostly concealed by numerous, close, tubular sheaths; inflorescence simple or more commonly loosely branched, laxly to subdensely many-flowered.
Floral bracts lanceolate, concave, appressed, about half as long as the slender pedicellate ovary. Flowers several to numerous, with widely spreading segments;
sepals
and petals crisped-undulate on the margins, reddish brown with white or yellowish apex; lip rose-purple, variegated with white, yellowish and reddishbrown. Dorsal sepal oblanceolate-oblong or spatulate-oblong, obtuse or retuse and mucronate, 1.7-2.1 cm. long, up to 7.5 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar but a little longer and narrower, obtuse, oblique and lightly recurved, dorsally carinate.
Petals very similar to the dorsal sepal but less narrowed below, oblanceolate-oblong, obtuse or retuse. Lip variable, much larger than the other segments, spreading from the base, oval-suborbicular or suborbicular-obovate (sometimes slightly quadrangular), deeply bilobed at the rounded or subtruncate apex, up to 2.8 cm. long (from the base to the apex of a lobule) and 2.5 cm. wide; disc naked or with an obscure, fleshy, bilobed thickening at the very base. Column very short and stout,
4-5
mm.
high at the back, with a pair of rounded, inconspicuous wings.
Huanuco: Cuchero (Cochero), on trees, Poeppig 1765, Warscewicz s.n. (type). Also Colombia, and Ecuador, fide Schlechter, Fedde Repert. Beih. 8: 155. 1921.
SOLENIDIUM
Lindl.
A very small genus rather closely allied to Oncidium, at present limited to four species, confined to the northern half of South America. single species is known in Peru.
Plants epiphytic, medium-sized to rather large, with an abbreviated rhizome. Pseudobulbs aggregated, ovoid or oblong-ovoid to ellipsoid, 1- to 2-leaved at the apex. Leaves oblong or linear-oblong. Inflorescence lateral, basal, laxly or rarely subdensely racemose above. Flowers medium-sized, long-pedicelled. Sepals subequal, free, wide-spreading. Petals similar to the sepals. Lip spreading from the base of the column, simple, with a narrow claw-like base, dilated above; disc with a
pair of calli or lamellae. Column erect, footless, broadly 2-winged, the wings dilated into auricles above. Anther opercular, incumbent, galeate, 1-celled. Pollinia 2,
ovoid, unappendaged.
Solenidium peruvianum Schltr. Fedde Repert. 1921; Mansf. Fedde Repert. Beih. 57: t. 129, nr. 507.
soid],
Beih. 9: 113.
1929.
Plant medium-sized, erect, about 20 cm. high. Pseudobulbs aggregated, [ellipcompressed, unifoliate, about 2 cm. long, below with a leaf-bearing sheath on

each
side.
851
Leaf erect, ligulate-linear, subobtuse, up to 15 cm. long and
cm. wide.
about 12 cm. long; Inflorescence erect, about 18 cm. high; peduncle subcompressed, rather 7 cm. long, loosely several- (about 6-) flowered. Flowers raceme about small and subfleshy, with wide-spreading segments. Dorsal sepal oblong-obovate, 11 mm. long. Lateral sepals simbroadly obtuse or rounded at the apex, about Petals similar to the sepals but ilar but a little larger, oblique, acute or apiculate. shorter than the oblique, obtuse. Lip somewhat a little shorter, elliptic-obovate, basal other segments, broadly obovate in outline, from a quadrate-unguiculate 9 mm. long and erect sides, suborbicular-dilated, apiculate, about portion with the middle with a pair 6 mm. wide near the middle; disc from the base to beyond linear-oblong calli. Column short, stout, minute-papillose,
of
approximate, fleshy, about 6 mm. high, terminating in a pair of
erect, falcate-oblong, obtuse auricles.
Loreto: Near
Moyobamba, Filomeno
this species has
s.n.
No
example of
been available.
ONCIDIUM
ern Florida (U.S.A.), the
Sw.
A very large genus of New World epiphytes extending from southWest

Indies and Mexico through Central
America and South America to Brazil and Argentina.

with a creepPlants very variable, small and insignificant to large and showy, short and or abbreviated rhizome, either terrestrial or epiphytic. Pseudobulbs ing and narrowly cylindric (sometimes minute or lacking), suborbicular to elongate below by more or less compressed, usually 1- to 3-leaved, commonly surrounded sheaths. Leaves variable, rather flat, one or more pairs of frequently leaf-bearing more rarely ancipitous and equitant or terete, commonly elongate. Inflorescence loose or dense, basal in the axil of sheaths, above racemose or paniculate,
lateral,
Flowers comfew- to many-flowered, erect, frequently long-climbing or twining. and usually yellow, often spotted with brown, with spreading or monly showy free or more or reflexed segments. Sepals commonly subequal, the lateral sepals Petals similar to the dorsal sepal, commonly smaller or rarely larger. less connate. sessile or with a short claw, usually Lip spreading from the base of the column, the mid-lobe being often much larger, transverse and emargipandurate or 3-lobed, with a commonly tuberculate callus at nate, rarely small, narrow and entire; disc at the apex the base. Column short, stout, footless, usually with a petaloid wing a conspicuous side of the stigmatic orifice, sometimes wingless, often with on each
swelling in front.
Anther terminal, opercular, incumbent.
Pollinia 2, obovoid,
unappendaged, affixed to a stipe.
above Lip distinctly narrower toward the apex, very rarely subpandurate broader toward the apex, or pandurate A2. Lip distinctly or less long la. Flowers relatively small, lateral sepals 1.5 cm. more long Ib. Flowers medium-sized to large, lateral sepals 2 cm. or with conspicuous, well-developed wings above la. Column
Al.
Ib.
2a.
... I
25
1
9 2
5
Column without conspicuous
or well-developed wings
2b.
Lip cuneate-obovate or cuneate-rhombic the base) Lip broadly triangular (i.e., much broader near
0. acinaceum 3
852
3a.
30
Crest of the lip with a pair of high keels, higher in front; lateral sepals rounded or retuse at the apex O. xanihornis Crest of the
lip
3b.
without a pair
of
prominent carinate
keels,
but consisting of
4
numerous short
4a.
papillae or tubercles
Panicle not climbing, at most nodding above, with many-flowered branches; flowers of one form; column- wings semiovate, entire, acute O. deltoideum
Panicle climbing, with few-flowered, short branches; flowers of two kinds; O. ionopterum column-wings semiorbicular, lobulate, obtuse
Floral bracts prominent, although Floral bracts minute
4b.
5a.
much
shorter than the ovary
6 7
5b.
6a.
Scape
lax,
climbing, with very loosely flowered branches;
outline
6b.
lip triangular in O. cimiciferum
Scape erect or suberect with densely flowered branches;
lip
ovate in outline.
O. ovatilabium
7a.
Lip ovate in outline, bicarinate below with the keels attenuated in front; ultimate branchlets of the panicle rather densely flowered 0. mentigerum Lip triangular in outline, with numerous warts which are more or less fused at the base; ultimate branchlets of the panicle loose or very loose 8 Petals distinctly broader than the dorsal sepal; lip with more or less protuberant basal angles; column with prominent angles below O. trulla
Petals scarcely broader than the sepals; lip without protuberant basal angles; column without prominent angles below O. cocciferum
Petals usually nearly or quite as large as the dorsal sepal, broadly rounded 10 or at least strongly obtuse at the apex
7b.
8a.
8b.
9a.
9b.
Petals definitely smaller than the dorsal sepal, the apex
commonly narrowed toward

12
0. superbiens (O.
lOa.
Lip acute to subacute; lateral lobes or auricles not retrorse.
aemulum)
11
lOb. 11 a.
Lip long-acuminate; lateral lobes strongly retrorse
Crest of the lip consisting of 3 equal, retrorse, ancipitous lamellae with 3 smaller lamellae in front; wings of the column broad, rounded.
O.
macranthum
lib.
Crest of the lip consisting of 1 large median keel, flanked by a smaller prostrate lamella on each side; wings of the column relatively narrow, ligulate. O. macranthum var. hastiferum
12a.
12b.
13a.
Lip with linear or linear-oblanceolate, erect lateral lobes Lip with broadly triangular or auriculate lateral lobes, more or
dilations or altogether simple
0.
minax
13 14 18
less distinct
Dorsal sepal obtuse to broadly rounded above Dorsal sepal commonly narrowed above
sepal
13b.
14a.
Floral segments finely serrate-denticulate to fimbriate; lamina of the dorsal O. serratum much broader than long
14b.
15a.
Floral segments not denticulate
15
lip
Dorsal sepal long-clawed, spatulate-oblong; Dorsal sepal shortly and abruptly clawed;
1
simple
less
O. incarum 1
15b.
lip
more or
3-lobed
16
No material of this species uncertain.
was seen, and
so its position in the
key
is
somewhat

Claws
of the sepals
853
O. Leopoldianum
without basal auricles
Claws
of the sepals auricled at the base

lip
17
Lateral lobes at the base of the oblique or falcate
acute; petals commonly conduplicate and O. faldpetalum (O. ionodon, O. Davisii )
Lateral lobes at the base of the lip rounded; petals flat, not falcate. O. superbiens (0. aemulum)
Lip with a pair of narrow, lanceolate, retrorse, basal lobes having a filiform tooth at their base; crest consisting of 5 short lamellae, the central 3 bilobed. O. cordatum
Lip without narrow, retrorse, basal lobes with a filiform tooth at their base 19 crest not consisting of 5 short lamellae
;
Mid-lobe of the lip conspicuously crisped-undulate; lateral lobes prominently 20 subquadrate-auriculate and often coarsely toothed Mid-lobe of the lip flat or with involute margins; lateral lobes rounded, tri21 angular, bilobed or sometimes indistinct
Bracts abbreviated, not spathaceous; basal callus of the lip consisting of 3 O. Kienastianum oblong keels, the central one higher Bracts large, spathaceous; anterior part of the callus consisting of 3 ovate or 0. trilingue ovate-oblong lamellae, the central one largest Lateral lobes of the lip rounded; wings of the column rounded; sepals and O. Leopoldianum petals white with a large, purple central portion Lateral lobes of the lip (if distinct) triangular or hastate (rarely bilobed); 22 wings of the column linear or dentiform
Claws Claws
ricled
of the sepals
without basal auricles
23
of the sepals with basal auricles, the dorsal sepal
prominently au24
Lamina
of the sepals elliptic-lanceolate, long-narrowed below; sepals and 0. zebrinum petals white with transverse, red- violet or brownish bars
Lamina of the sepals ovate or oval-ovate to suborbicular, at least the dorsal sepal abruptly narrowed below; sepals and petals cinnamon-brown with a O. ventilabrum (O, undulatum) yellow upper half to the petals
central keels
lip
obtuse; mid-lobe obtuse, dilated above; disc with 2 O. gargantua

all)
lip more or less acute; mid-lobe acute, not much (if at dilated above; disc with a 3-ridged, central keel. O. faldpetalum (0. ionodon, O. Davisii)
Leaves equitant, imbricating, entirely concealing the stem; plants very small,
flabelliform
26
Leaves
not equitant (occasionally the leaves are conduplicate or they are unknown) plants commonly medium-sized to large 27
flat,
;
26b.
27a.
Crest at the base of the lip with 3 or 4 laciniate or fimbriate lobes. O. glossomystax Crest at the base of the lip with entire lobes 0. pusillum
Flowers of two kinds, one

small
fertile
and
relatively large, the other abortive
and
28
33
27b.
28a.
Flowers uniform, fertile Anterior part of the lip much larger and commonly
basal part
much
broader than the 29
28b.
Anterior part of the
lip
subequaling the basal part or smaller
30
854
29a.
30
Lip acute at the broadly rounded apex; sepals and petals with the basal half purple and the upper half yellow; petals acute or subacute, nearly four times as large as the sepals O.formosissimum 1
Lip prominently bilobed; sepals and petals wholly yellow; petals obtuse, somewhat larger than the sepals O. calanthum 30a. Claw between the basal and the anterior portions of the lip very short or 31 wanting 30b. Claw between the basal and the anterior portions of the lip rather prominent 32 31a. Basal part of the lip semiorbicular, with rounded angles on each side. O. heteranthum
29b.
31b.
32a.
Basal part of the
lip
rhombic, with acute angles on each
side.
1
O. tigratum Petals obovate-oblong or spatulate-oblong, more or less retuse at the broad O. retusum apex; lobes at the base of the lip spreading
32b.
33a.
Petals lanceolate-oblong, retrorse
commonly, .acute; lobes at the base
of the lip 0. pentadactylon
Lateral sepals connate up to the middle or above

Lateral sepals free or only slightly connate at the base
34
33b.
34a.
37
34b.
35a.
Lip with a definite claw at the base; wings of the column fimbriate. O. aureum (Odontoglossum festatum, Odontoglossum hemichrysum, Oncidium hemichrysum) sessile (without a claw) 35 Lip
Sepals and petals clawed, obtuse; lip with a 5-lamellate callus at the base. O. Lucasianum*
Sepals and petals sessile (not clawed), acute or subacuminate
35b.
36a.
36
Apical lobe of the lip reniform, much wider than the basal portion; lobes of the lateral sepals not diverging; flowers brown, white and purple.
0. nubigenum (O. cucullatum)
36b.
Apical lobe of the lip broadly obovate or obovate-reniform, not much wider than the basal portion; lobes of the lateral sepals diverging like a swallow's O. tripterygium tail; flowers yellow and brown
37a.
37b.
38a.
Stem (rhizome) and inflorescence long-creeping or climbing 38 Stem or rhizome (if present) not long-creeping or climbing; inflorescence erect
to arcuate or deflexed, not long-creeping or climbing
47
39
Inflorescence or scape abbreviated, 1- to 3-flowered

Inflorescence or scape elongate, racemose or usually paniculate, several- (10) to many-flowered
38b.
39a.
commonly
40
Lip simple, oblong-pandurate, with the anterior part obcordate and scarcely wider than the basal part; wings of the column wanting O. serpens Lip truly 3-lobed, with the anterior part reniform and basal part; wings of the column evident, dolabriform.
39b.
much
wider than the
O. globuliferum (0. convolvulaceum)
The original descriptions, as well as the records of these species from the Reichenbach Herbarium, fail to show flowers of two kinds, but Kranzlin mentions such in Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 1922, so they are entered in both branches of the key.
1
1 O. Lucasianum sometimes has the lateral sepals free, and so other branch also.
is
keyed on the
855
Sepals oblong (the lamina with subparallel sides); dorsal sepal sessile (only narrowed below); lip equaling or exceeding the sepals in length 41 Sepals not oblong (at least without parallel sides), the lamina commonly ovate-elliptic to suborbicular or reniform; dorsal sepal long-clawed or 42 abruptly clawed; lip markedly smaller than the sepals
Pseudobulbs 1-leaved, remote (up to 20 cm. apart) inflorescence not climbsubdensely racemose above; sepals and petals obtuse. O. Weberbauerianum Pseudobulbs 2-leaved, only subremote; inflorescence climbing, very loosely 0. Schillerianum paniculate; sepals acute (or apiculate) to acuminate
;
ing,
Apex Apex Claw

Claw
of the lip broadly
rounded to bilobed
43 45
of the lip acute to apiculate or obtuse
of the dorsal sepal not auricled at the base; lip broadly rounded in O. volubile (0. corynephorum) front; column-wings none of the dorsal sepal auriculate at the base; lip
of the dorsal sepal oval-suborbicular,
more
or less bilobed;
column-wings present
44
broadly rounded above,
flat
Lamina
or nearly so; column-wings minute, cornute or falcate-ascending. 0. diceratum
Lamina
late;
of the dorsal sepal deltoid-ovate, acute,
prominently crisped-unduO. cryptocopis
column-wings cuneate and retuse

of the dorsal sepal reniform or semiorbicular,
Lamina
much
long, broadly
rounded above
broader than O. serratum
Lamina
of the dorsal sepal "oblong" or broadly ovate, longer than broad, 46 obtuse or acute
Petals without a creamy white or yellow upper half, rounded or subhastate at the base; mid-lobe of the lip cuneate-spatulate, often denticulate-crisped O. xanthodon 1 toward the apex
Petals with a creamy white or yellow upper half, cuneate at the base; midlobe of the lip oblong-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, not denticulate-crisped O. ventilabrum (O. undulatum) toward the apex
more long
Flowers very large; dorsal sepal and petals oblanceolate-linear, 5.5 cm. or 48
.
Flowers medium-sized to small; dorsal sepal and petals 2 cm. or less long. 49 Column- wings on each side bilobed, the upper lobe linear-subulate and 0. Papilio glandular, and the lower lobe broad and somewhat lacerate
.
Column-wings on each side uniformly pectinate with the

capitate
cilia
glandularO. Sanderae
Plant very small, about 10 cm. or less tall; scapes 1- to few-flowered; midlobe of the lip conspicuously 4-lobed O. crista-galli Plant medium-sized to very large, about 13 (rarely 9) cm. or more tall; scape usually many-flowered; mid-lobe of the lip simple (rarely) to retuse or bi50 lobed
Mid-lobe of the
lip
Mid-lobe of the
broadly rounded in front and apiculate in the middle lip lightly retuse to bilobed in front
lip; lip;
... 51
52
Sepals shorter than the Sepals longer than the
wings of the column very large. .O.formosissimum wings of the column very small or wanting. O. ochmatochilum
1 This species, of to O. ventilabrum.
which no material has been seen,
may
prove to be referable
856
52a.

more
30
Petals definitely broader than the lateral sepals, often twice as broad or 53
52b.
53a.
Petals at
most
slightly broader
than the
lateral sepals or
narrower
66
53b.
54a.
Basal half of the lip orbicular in outline, with numerous, free teeth or tubercles surrounding the central callus O. polyadenium Basal half of the lip not orbicular in outline, commonly without numerous, free teeth surrounding the central callus 54 Anterior portion of the lip (mid-lobe) sessile, i.e., without a distinct claw. 55
.
54b.
55a.
Anterior portion of the lip (mid-lobe) with a claw, even if short 56 Leaves small (commonly conduplicate), up to 12.7 cm. long and 2.5 cm. wide (when expanded) ; basal portion of the lip transversely oblong, equally wide with the anterior part O. onustum
55b.
Leaves
large,
up
to 40 cm. long
quadrate,
56a.
much narrower than

lip
and 4 cm. wide; basal portion of the lip subthe anterior part O. cajamarcae
Basal half of the

basal
and anterior portions

lip
56b.
Basal half of the each side
rhombic, often acute on each side; claw between the of the lip short or very short 57 not rhombic, more or less rounded or auriculate on 58
bifid,
57a.
Column-wings semilunate or
forming 2 ligulate segments. .O. tigratum
O. fasciferum Column-wings simple, dolabrif orm-semicordate 58a. Column without wings; claw between the basal and anterior portions of the O. tipuloides lip oblong-linear; sepals and petals strongly repand 58b. Column winged on each side; claw between the basal and anterior portions
57b.
of the lip not oblong-linear
59
59a.
Lateral (basal) lobes of the lip minute, auriculate; anterior portion of the lip many times broader than the basal portion; sepals cucullate above. O. ampliatum
59b.
60a.
many
Lateral lobes of the lip rather prominent; anterior portion of the times broader than the basal portion; sepals not cucullate
lip
not 60
Lip about twice as long as the lateral sepals; lamina with one or more free tubercles surrounding the middle callus; flower-cluster a short, rather densely O. Batemanianum flowered, pyramidal panicle Lip subequaling or somewhat surpassing the lateral sepals; flower-cluster an
elongate,
60b.
61a.
commonly
loosely flowered panicle
61
61b.
62a.
Rostellum long-beaked; wings of the column from a narrow base divergently O. pyramidale (O. chrysopyramis) bilobed 62 Rostellum not long-beaked; wings of the column with a broad base
Basal portion of the lip when expanded noticeably broader than the anterior O. Mathieuanum portion (mid-lobe); mid-lobe cuneate, lightly retuse Basal portion of the lip equaling or narrower than the anterior portion; mid63 lobe transverse, renif orm, emarginate to bilobed
Sepals oblong, elliptic-lanceolate or oblong-ovate, narrowed above Sepals narrowly obovate or cuneate-spatulate, i.e., broader above
62b.
63a.
64
63b.
64a.
65
Petals elliptic-oblong, sessile, acute; column- wings small, unequally bilobed. O. hieroglyphicum Petals oblong-ovate, shortly clawed, broadly obtuse and apiculate; columnO. leopardinum wings large, lightly 3-lobed, falcate above ,
Petals not retuse; claw between the basal and apical portions of the lip more O. obryzatum or less elongate; column- wings long-acute above, falcate
64b.
65a.

65b
of the lip
857
the basal and apical portions Petals often prominently retuse; claw between or subdolabnform, very short; column-wings subquadrate-rounded 0. excavatum often retuse in the middle
66a.
Column-wings narrow, dentiform to subulate
67
66b.
67a
67b.
68 nor subulate Column-wings relatively broad, neither dentiform Plant small, pseudobulbs 7 mm. or less long, unifoliate; panicle dense; sepals O. nanum about 1 cm. or less long, broadly obtuse to rounded above
about
68a
'
Plant large, pseudobulbs 7.5 cm. or more long, bifoliate; panicle loose; sepals O. piclum 1.3 cm. long, acute or subacute wider than Basal part of the lip (across the outspread lateral lobes) distinctly
68b.
69a.
69b.
O. granlhmum the anterior part (mid-lobe) narrower than the of the lip (across the lateral lobes) distinctly Basal part 6a anterior part (rarely subequal) .... 70 obtuse to rounded at the apex (sometimes obscurely apiculate) Sepals " 4 Sepals acute to acuminate
in outline, commonly Lip oblong, obovate-oblong or subquadrate-oblong callus at twice as long as broad; lamina with an upcurved, 4-fingered about hians the base not oblong in outline, shorter than broad (rarely slightly longer, Lip an upcurved, 4-fingered 0. sessile and O. pardothyrsus); lamina without
-
70a
70b
71
callus
71a.
71b.
.0. Lucasianum Disc of the lip with a 5-lamellate callus surrounded by warts 72 the lip without a 5-lamellate callus surrounded by warts Disc of
.
72a
72b.
or elliptic-oblong. Sepals and petals sessile (without any claws), oblong O. sessile
73a
ovate or oval to rounded. .73 Sepals definitely clawed, the lamina broadly anterior portion of the lip but little Lip distinctly shorter than the sepals; than the basal portion; sepals and petals more or less undulate. wider O. pardothyrsus
.
73b
portion Lip equaling or surpassing the sepals; undulate. twice as wide as the basal portion; sepals and petals strongly
0.
anterior
of the lip
more than
lundum
74a
into a conspicuous, rounded or oblongLip produced on each side at the base between the basal and rounded, spreading or retrorse auricle or lobe; claw
74b
anterior portions prominent and elongate auricles at the base, but with a more or Lip not produced into conspicuous between the basal and anterior less rounded or rhombic basal portion; claw
75
portions short or wanting
'
'
75a
75b.
below the callus; Basal central part of the lip with a series of sulcate lines O. hneohgerum and unequally bilobed column-wings simply central part of the lip without a series of sulcate lines; column-wings Basal
not bilobed
76
76a
76b.
Callus at the base of the lip cruciform

lateral lobes
with broadly ligulate, retuse-dentate

.
and an elongate, linear-cuneate anterior lobe.
.0. cruciferum
with subequal Callus at the base of the lip oval or subquadrate in outline, 0. Bauen fleshy tubercles in three series
i This species, which was described from a portion of an inflorescence only, O. Bauen Lmdl., and subsequent colappears to be very close to the widespread lections may prove that these species are synonymous.
858
77a.
30
77b.
78a.
Lateral sepals nearly twice as long as the lip; inflorescence a narrow, open, O. hirundo virgate panicle Lateral sepals shorter than the lip (rarely subequaling the lip) inflorescence a pyramidal, often dense panicle 78
;
Anterior portion of the lip scarcely wider than the basal portion; callus with 2 tubercles on each side 0. discobulbon Anterior portion of the
4 or
78b.
more free
papillae
lip markedly wider than the basal portion; callus with on each side O. armillare (O. foveatum)
Lindl. Sert. Orch. sub t. 48, no. 13. 1842; no. 52. 1855; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. Fol. Orch. Oncidium 18, 50 (Heft 80), 180, fig. 15G, a-d. 1922.
Plant large, up to 60 cm. high when extended. Pseudobulbs oval or ovoid, densely crowded according to Kranzlin, I.e., subcompressed, about 6 cm. high, 2- or 3-leaved at the summit, surrounded at the base by 2 or 3 distichous, leafbearing sheaths. Leaves oblanceolate or oblong with a narrowed, complicate base,
acute to obtuse, 8-13 cm. long, 1.5-3 cm. wide. Scape lateral, in the axil of an upper sheath, up to over 60 cm. in length, climbing above, loosely flowered, racemose, or paniculate with short, fractiflex branches (according to Kranzlin). Flowers uniform (according to Lindley), dimorphic (according to Kranzlin). Sterile flowers very minute, with lanceolate sepals, oblong petals and lip about 5 mm.
long, very short-pedicelled.
celled; dorsal sepal
Oncidium acinaceum
Fertile flowers relatively large, rose-lilac, long-pedi-
oblong or oblong-linear, obtuse, about 1.5 cm. long, 3-4 mm. wide. Lateral sepals spatulate-linear, connate through the lower fourth, as long as the dorsal sepal. Petals obovate, obtuse, as long as the sepals but about three times broader. Lip obovate-rhombic, broadly obtuse to retuse, indistinctly trilobulate above, about 1.4 cm. long and 1 cm. wide above; disc with 4 approximate,
much shorter than
longitudinal keels (hamate at the apex), the outer pair being shorter. Column the other segments, lightly recurved, 8-9 mm. high, with a pair of large acinaciform wings above.
Amazonas: Chachapoyas, on trees, Mathews 3186 (type). Cajamarca: Prov. of Chota, mountains west of Huambos, 2900-3000 meters, frequent in sclerophyllous vegetation, Weberbauer 1^173. Also
Colombia (Antioquia,
fide Kranzl.).
was available, but the Ames Herexample barium contains a photograph of the Mathews type in the Lindley Herbarium.
of this species
No
Reg. 20:
Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 202. 1833; Bot. 1699. 1835; Fol. Orch. Oncidium 28, no. 90. 1835; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 230. 1922. Oncidium Bernoullianum Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 231. 1922.
Oncidium ampliatum
1.
Figure 172.
Plant usually large, variable.
quently crowded, bearing
1
to broadly ovoid or pyriform, strongly compressed
Rhizome abbreviated. Pseudobulbs orbicular and often subtetragonous, fre-
or 2 leaves, 3-7.5 (10 fide Kranzl.) cm. long, surrounded
859
FIG. 172.
Oncidium ampliatum Lindl.
Plant;
1.
at the base
obtuse to broadly rounded ceolate-oblong or obovate-oblong (more rarely elliptic), or conduphcate at the tip, more or less narrowed to a complicate (rarely subacute) 2.8-9.2 cm. wide. Scape much exceeding the leaves, base 8 (rarely) -51 cm. long, to 83.5 cm. or more tall; peduncle suberect or spreading from a decumbent base, up short sheaths which are close and tubular; infloreswith several (11 or less) remote, subdensely many-flowered. cence racemose or more commonly paniculate, usually
by
1 or
oblanmore pairs of evanescent sheaths. Leaves elliptic-oblong,
with spreading segFloral bracts very small, squamiform. Flowers long-pedicelled whitish without. Sepals ments yellow with more or less minute brown spots within;
more
or less distinctly clawed. Dorsal sepal spatulate-obovate, mm. long, 5.6-8.3 mm. wide when expanded. broadly rounded at the apex, 7-8.8
concave above,
860
30
Lateral sepals free, similar to the dorsal sepal but a little longer and narrower, Petals obovate-suborbicular, more or less truncate above, clawed below, somewhat longer than the lateral sepals and much broader than the dorsal sepal. Lip deeply 3-lobed, 13.3-23.5 mm. long from the base to either side of the retuse
oblique.
apex; lateral lobes minute, auriculiform; mid-lobe (separated by a short claw) subquadrate-reniform, retuse or bilobed in front, cordate at the base, about 16-33 mm. wide, with irregular or lobulate sides; disc at the base with a small, fleshy callus of 2 series, the basal part of 2 larger, spreading lobes and the anterior part of 3 small
lobes.
Column very
short, stout, 2.3-3.9
mm.
high at the back, with a pair of
small aliform, denticulate or lobulate wings.
Also Cens.n., fide Kranzl. America from Guatemala (type of 0. Bernoullianum) to Panama and Colombia (type of 0. ampliatum), Venezuela and Trinidad.
tral
Peru: Without locality, Warscewicz
Oncidium armillare Lindl. Fol. Orch. Oncidium 51, no. 182. 1855; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 246, fig. 20F, a-c. 1922. Oncidium foveatum Lindl. Fol. Orch. Oncidium 52, no. 183.
1855; Cogn. Martius Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6: 387. 1906; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 247. 1922.
Plant medium-sized to large; pseudobulbs oblong-ovoid, compressed, unifolicrowded (according to Kranzlin), 3-4.5 cm. long. Leaf linear or oblong-linear, obtuse or subacute with an apicule, narrowed at the complicate base, 6.5-23 cm. long, 1-1.5 cm. wide. Scape slender, lateral, basal in the axil of a sheath, exceeding the leaf, paniculate above with ascending, lightly fractiflex branches which are rather loosely few-flowered and 8.5 cm. or less long. Floral bracts very small and slender. Pedicellate ovary long and slender, many times exceeding the bracts. Flowers with spreading segments, yellow barred with brown. Dorsal sepal lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, about 8-9 mm. long, 2.5-3.5 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar, free, oblique. Petals oblong, acute or apiculate, almost as long as the sepals but somewhat broader. Lip much longer than the sepals, prominently 3-lobed, about 12-13 mm. long from the base to either side of the retuse apex, 7-11 mm. wide near the base; lateral lobes semiorbicular with crenulate margins; mid-lobe reniform, sessile or with a very short isthmus, deeply bilobed, subcordate at the base, about 12-15 mm. wide; disc at the base with a variable callus (sometimes foveate below) consisting of 3 undulate, callose ridges terminating in the middle in an acute tooth, and 2 similar teeth in front of the lateral lines and several free teeth in a semicircle on each side. Column short, with a pair of prominent, bilobulate, dolabriform or semiovate wings.
ate, yellowish, densely
Peru: Habitat not recorded, W. Lobb s.n. (type of 0. armillare). Sources of the Maranon, Warscewicz s.n. (type of 0. foveatum). Also Colombia and Ecuador.
Oncidium aureuni
Fol. Orch.
Lindl. Sert. Orch. sub
t.
25, no. 5. 1838;
Oncidium 22, no. 67. 1855; Rolfe, Orch. Rev. 3: 69. 1895; Martius Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6: 306. 1905; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. Cogn.
IV. 50 (Heft 80), 209.
1922.
Odontoglossum bicolor Lindl. Bot.
861
Reg. 31, Misc. 59, no. 38. 1845. Odontoglossum festatum Reichb. Bonpl. 2: 100. 1854. Odontoglossum hemichrysum Reichb. f. & Warsc. Bonpl. 2: 100. 1854. Oncidium aureum (B) stenochilum Lindl. Fol. Orch. Oncidium 22, sub no. 67. 1855. Ornithidium bicolor Lindl. ex Reichb. f. Walp. Ann. 6: 489. 1863. Oncidium festatum Reichb. f. & Warsc. ex Reichb. f. Walp. Ann. 6: 733. 1863, in synon. Oncidium hemichrysum Reichb. f. Walp. Ann. 6: 733. 1863. Oncidium dichromum Rolfe, Orch. Rev. 3: 363. 1895.
f.
Plant medium-sized to large, variable throughout. Pseudobulb ovoid to pyriform (sometimes cylindric in the dried specimens), 2-5 (rarely 13) cm. long, 1- or 2- (sometimes 3-leaved), crowded (often only one present in the dried specimen), surrounded at the base by 2 or 3 pairs of imbricating, leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves elliptic-oblong to linear, linear-oblanceolate or oblong-oblanceolate, subacute to acuminate, narrowed to a conduplicate base, rigid, up to 40.7 cm. or more long, 1.2-3.4 cm. wide (commonly largest on the pseudobulbs). Scape more or less surpassing the leaves, 23 to over 144 cm. long, with a strict, remotely sheathed peduncle, racemose to paniculate, with several ascending or spreading branches, few to
many-flowered; inflorescence or
or less fractiflex.
late
ovary much
its apical portion commonly nodding; rachis more Floral bracts conspicuous, spreading, ovate, concave. Pedicelsurpassing the bracts, about 3 cm. or less long. Flowers very
variable, yellow throughout, or the sepals and petals commonly brown, wine-red or purplish, and the lip yellow. Dorsal sepal ovate, concave, acute or acuminate,
9.7-15 mm. long, 5-7 mm. wide. Lateral sepals lanceolate-ovate to oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, concave, connate below the middle, somewhat longer and narrower than the dorsal sepal, more or less oblique. Petals oblong-ovate, acute or
acuminate, shorter than the dorsal sepal, and either narrower or broader. Lip larger than the other segments, obovate, oblong-obovate or reniform-obovate, distinctly clawed, 15-22 mm. long; claw short, occupied by a fleshy, sulcate callus, the erect sides of which are often toothed near the apex and sometimes enclose several approximate papillae which extend onto the disc; lamina broadly rounded to subtruncate in front with an abrupt apicule, cordate at the base, about 10-32 mm. wide in front. Column short, stout, clavate, 4-6 mm. high at the back, with a pair of small, porrect, decurved, toothed or lacerate wings near the apex.
much
Peru Near Palca, Ruiz & Pav. 1 794 (type of Odontoglossum fesSource of Rio Maranon, Warscewicz s.n. (0. aureum (B) Amazonas: East of Chachapoyas, between Tambo stenochilum). Ventillas and Piscohuanuma, on grassy plains, 2700-2800 meters, Weberbauer 4420. Apurimac: Trail from Abancay to Soccllaccasa Pass, about 3500 meters, in moss and leaf-mold, overhanging edges of cliffs, in full exposure to sun, West 3817. Cuzco: "Valle de Pillamontanas de Paucartambo," Herrera 3333. "Pillahuata," huata, Cerro de Cusilluyoc, 2200-2400 meters, epiphyte in forest, Pennell 13964- Prov. of Paucartambo, between Ananacu and Pillahuata. about 2800-3300 meters, on rock outcrops and among shrubs in open brushland, West 7062. Prov. of Paucartambo, District of Marca:
tatum).
862
30
chea, Achirani, 2750 meters, Vargas 11115. Huanuco: Cani, "pueblo 7 miles n.e. of Mito," about 2600 meters, on steep grassy slopes, "Remi Remi," Macbride 3482. "6 miles south of Mito," about 3070 meters, in soil on "dense bunch grass slope," Macbride & Featherstone 1839. Pampayaco (Pampayacu), Kanehira 305. Prov. of Pachitea, above Molina near Panao, Asplund 13707. Panao, about 2700 meters, on shrubby slopes, Macbride 3609. Playapampa, about 2700 meters, on sphagnum banks, Macbride 4483. Lima: Near Lima (type of Odontoglossum bicolor).Junin: Carpapata, about Huacapistana, almost 2400 meters, terrestrial on open
Smith 24341.
Same
hillside, Killip
&
locality,
Smith 24482. Huassa-huassi, 2900 meters, "in of 4 feet," Woytkowski 41. Near Andinamarca, in high mountains, Mathews 1068 (type of Oncidium aureum). Puno: Prov. of Sandia, near Limbani, 3200-3450 meters, "buried in wet moss sheets, in shade," Metcalf 30521 Also Bolivia and Ecuador.
of forest, Killip
&
2700-3200 meters,
terrestrial
on edge
moss reaches height
Oncidium Batemanianum Farm,

Cab. 3: 183,
t.
ex Knowles
&
Westc.
Fl.
137. 1840, as 0. Batemannianum; Cogn. Martius Fl Bras. 3, pt. 6: 385, t. 86. 1906; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV 50 (Heft 80), 247. 1922.
Plant large, showy, variable. Pseudobulbs broadly ovoid to subconic-cylindric or less compressed, 2- or 3-leaved, 3-10 (rarely 13) cm. long, provided at the base with 1 or 2 leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves oblong or linear, acute or acuminate gradually long-narrowed to a conduplicate base, 18-40 (rarely 60) cm. long, up to 2 (rarely 3) cm. wide, blades on the pseudobulbs much the
more
Scape much surpassing the leaves, paniculate above; peduncle stout, about 103 5 cm. or less tall, with 5-8 remote, short, close, tubular sheaths; panicle rather short, with several arcuate-recurved or spreading branches, rather densely manyflowered, about 15-27 cm. long, the rachis and branches more or less
fractiflex.
largest, rather strict.
Floral bracts small, narrowly triangular, spreading, much shorter than the slender pedicellate ovary which is 1.5 cm. or less long. Sepals and petals yellow spotted with chestnut brown, more or less distinctly clawed; lip yellow. Dorsal sepal elliptic to ovate, acute or acuminate, concave, 6-8 mm. long, 2.5-3.8 mm. wide. Lateral
sepals free, obliquely oblong-elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, cymbiform, somewhat much narrower than the dorsal sepal. Petals obliquely oval or ovate, rounded to slightly retuse at the apex, apiculate, commonly about as long as the dorsal sepal but much wider (sometimes nearly twice as wide as the lateral sepals). Lip much larger than the other segments, deeply pandurate or 3-lobed, bilobed in front, 14 (rarely 11)-17 mm. long from the rounded base to either side of the retuse apex, 10-11 mm. wide near the base and 13 (rarely 11)-16 mm. wide near the apex; lateral lobes relatively small, retrorse, triangular-auriculate, rounded at the apex! mid-lobe obovate-reniform, shortly clawed, often with irregularly crenulate margins; disc with a multituberculate callus between the lateral lobes and one or more free teeth on each side. Column very short and stout, clavate, 2.5-3 mm. high at the back, with a large, fleshy, laterally flattened, longitudinally sulcate protuber-
longer and
863
ance in front, provided with a pair of small, transversely oval, often lobulate wings above.
Bues s.n. Cuzco: Altura de Quellow ., 1,000 meters, terrestrial, Hda. Potrero, Sapan-Sachayocc, 2200 meters, Prov. of Convention, Prov. of Quispicanterrestrial on open grassy slope, Vargas 2530. near Chilechile, 2500-2600 meters, in grassy chis, Marcapata Valley, with "shrubwoods," Weberplains, mixed with shrubs alternating Prov. of Tayacaja, northwest of Surcubauer 7869. Huancavelica:
.
bamba, on
trail
to
Mantaro Bridge, 2200 meters, loam

Horton 10410.
'Sacapa," Stork
&
in shrubwood, Also Brazil (type) and Bolivia.
Orch. (Genera), t. 7. 1833; 85. 1906; Urban, Symb. Cogn. Martius Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), Antill. 6: 645. 1910; 257. 1922. Oncidium altissimum Lindl. Bot. Reg. 19: t. 1651. 1833,
Oncidium Baueri
Lindl. Bauer,
111.
Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6: 398,
t.
not Sw. Oncidium bolivianum Schltr. Fedde Repert. 10: 459. 1912; Mansf. Fedde Repert. Beih. 58: t. 57, nr. 226. 1930.
Plant large, variable, with a stout and long-creeping rhizome. Pseudobulbs 5oblong-ovoid to cylindric, strongly compressed, bifoliate (rarely unifoliate), evanes15 cm. long, apparently subremote, surrounded below by 2 or more pairs of leaves upward. Leaves cent, imbricating sheaths that bear successively larger to short-acumi(much larger on the pseudobulbs), linear-oblong to lorate, obtuse narrowed below to a conduplicate base, 20-78 cm. long, commonly nate, gradually or 2-3 (rarely 6) cm. broad. Scape much surpassing the leaves, sometimes 3 m. erect or nodding; peduncle about 22 cm. or more long, provided with more
high, an elongate several short, remote, close, tubular sheaths; inflorescence consisting of with numerous short to elongate, simple, few- to many-flowered branches. panicle Floral bracts triangular-ovate, scarious, commonly much shorter than the slender,
pedicellate ovary
ing,
which is 30 mm. or less long. Flowers rather small, with spreadwith undulate-margined segments, greenish-yellow or sulphur-yellow, barred brown. Dorsal sepal elliptic-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 12-15 (rarely 8.3) mm. 3.5-5 mm. wide. Lateral sepals free, a little longer and often narrower than
long,
the dorsal sepal, oblique, elliptic-lanceolate or oblanceolate-oblong, lightly navicuPetals obliquely elliptic-oblong, somelar, acute, with a carinate, recurved apex. what sigmoid, acute with a recurved apex, similar to the dorsal sepal but commonly shorter and narrower. Lip pandurate-trilobed, about as long as the lateral
slightly
the base to either side of the retuse sepals but much broader, 12-17 mm. long from lateral lobes small, spreadapex, 10 (rarely 7)-12 mm. wide across the lateral lobes;
ing,
subrounded, auriculiform; claw (between the lobes) abrupt, long and broad, mid-lobe reniform, emarginate, 11.5 (rarely quadrate, slightly narrowed above; multitubercu10)-15 mm. wide; disc at the base with a prominent, subquadrate, and late callus in 3 series, terminating in 3 subequal teeth. Column rather short above with a pair of short stout, arcuate, up to 6 mm. high, 2-angled in front, and
but broad, subdolabriform wings which are lobulate on the margins.
Loreto: Mishuyacu, near Iquitos, 100 meters, in forest, King 498. 10002. Vicinity of Iquitos, 100 meters, on living tree by river, King
864
30
San Martin: Alto Rio Huallaga, Rio Mayo, Tarapoto, 360-900 Zepelacio, near meters, in forest, Williams 6240 (flowers poor).
Moyobamba,
in forest, 1100-1200 meters, Klug 0.19. Also West Indies (type of 0. Baueri), Colombia, Venezuela, British Guiana (type of 0. altissimum Lindl.), Brazil, Ecuador, and Bolivia (type of
0. bolivianum).
Oncidium cajamarcae
Schltr.
Fedde Repert. Beih.

t.
9:
113.
129, nr. 506.
1929; Kranzl.
Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 323. 1922. Plant large, stout, erect, growing on rocks, with an abbreviated rhizome.
Pseudobulbs oval, compressed, unifoliate, about 6.5 cm. high, surrounded on each by 1 or 2 leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves broadly ligulate, subobtuse, up to 40 cm. long, about 4 cm. wide in the middle. Scape tall, slender, erect, paniculate above, 120-130 cm. high; peduncle few-sheathed, becoming glaucous, 90-100 cm.
side
high; panicle few-branched, loosely many-flowered.
long, acuminate, much shorter than the pedicellate ovary. for the genus, golden yellow with brown spots in the center.
Floral bracts spreading, obFlowers rather large
Dorsal sepal broadly
obovate, rounded at the apex, about 15
mm.
long, nearly 9
mm.
wide.
Lateral
sepals free, oblong-obovate, oblique, apiculate at the rounded apex, slightly longer and distinctly narrower than the dorsal sepal. Petals obovate-subquadrate, retuse
sepal.
with a minute apicule, oblique, slightly longer and much wider than the dorsal Lip much larger than the sepals, subquadrate-obovate in outline, deeply constricted (and thus 3-lobed) below the middle, cordate at the base, deeply retuse or bilobed at the apex, about 18 mm. or more long, 13 mm. wide near the base, 20 mm. wide across the anterior portion; lower portion ovate-subquadrate, with
rounded, spreading, auriculiform basal lobes; anterior portion (mid-lobe) reniform, retuse, obscurely 4-lobed at the broadly rounded apex; disc at the base largely occupied by an obovate callus which is 3-dentate below and multiverrucose or tuberculate above with numerous surrounding warts. Column short, fleshy-dilated on each side below, about 7.5 mm. high, above with a pair of obliquely semiovate wings, which are obtusely acute or apiculate at the apex.
Cajamarca: Near Hualgayoc, on
cliffs
below Hacienda La Ta-
hona, 2600 meters, Weberbauer 4041 (type).
No material
cited
under 0.
was available. The type number was Batemanianum by Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50
of this species
(Heft 80), 248. 1922.
Oncidium calanthum Reichb. f. Gard. Chron. (1870) Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 177. 1922.
39;
Plant with a very long-creeping (flagelliform) or freely hanging rhizome. Pseudobulbs very distant from one another, ovoid, bifoliate. Leaves oblonglanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, complicate below. Scape large, climbing, 2 or 3 times surpassing the pseudobulb, racemose or paniculate above, twining, with the short, fractiflex branches loosely several-flowered, often
865
small, triangular, scariwith flowers of 2 kinds (heteranthous). Floral bracts very the slender pedicellate ovary which is 2.5 cm or ous spreading, much shorter than with similar Flowers golden yellow. Sterile flowers relatively small, less' long Fertile flowers several times larger. spatulate-oblong or obovate-oblong segments. wide mm. long and 4.5 Dorsal sepal obovate-oblong, subacute, about 12-13 similar but apparently somewhat longer to Kranzlin). Lateral sepals
mm
(according
and narrower, oblique. Petals oblong or obovate-oblong, wider. Lip about as long as the about as long as the dorsal sepal but markedly basal portion (across the but much broader, pandurate, three-lobed, the sepals mm. wide and the anterior portion (mid-lobe) about lateral lobes) being about 10 rounded at the apex, con20 mm wide; lateral lobes small, obovate-auriculate, mid-lobe cordate-reniform, emargmate tracted in front into a short, broad claw; verrurounded apex; disc at the base and on the claw with a large,
hastate-clawed, obtuse,
at the broadly in 5-7 longitudinal series. Column short, cose callus consisting of a cluster of warts below and with a pair of obliquely a pair of rounded or semirhombic dilations with
above. triangular or semiovate, lobulate wings
Peru or Ecuador; imported by Messrs. Backhouse.

the floral exact dimensions of the vegetative parts are given; Ames Hera reduced drawing in the description is compiled from
No
barium.
Oncidium cimiciferum
ium
9,
Reichb.
f.
ex Lindl. Fol. Orch. Oncid-
Gen. et Sp. Cyrlochilum flexuosum HBK. Nov. 7: 96, in key. 1917, Berl. 1- 350 1816; Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 63, fig. 6C, a-c. 1922. nomen; Engler, Onf. Linnaea 22: 849. 1849. Odontoglossum cimiciferum Reichb. not Sims. cidium flexuosum Lindl. Sert. Orch. sub t. 48. 1842, to 7.5 cm. high, Plant large, straggling. Pseudobulbs oblong-cylindric, up the base by 3 or 4 pairs of imbricating, conduplicate, 1- or 2-leaved, surrounded at
no. 22. 1855.
blades upward. Leaves linearleaf-bearing sheaths which bear successively larger acute or acuminate, naroblong to narrowly lanceolate (rarely elliptic-ligulate), cm. wide. Scape very rowed at the conduplicate base, 23 to over 65 cm. long, 2-5 more or less climbing above, with numerous short, long sometimes 3 m. in length, the rachis spreading or reflated, remote, flowering branches in the upper portion, and often compound (according to Kranzlin). loosely few-flowered, fractiflex, much shorter than the Floral bracts conspicuous, ovate-oblong, acute, concave, 2-3 cm. long. Flowers small, fleshy, brown is commonly pedicellate ovary which reflexed and undulate. or greenish-yellow with brown bands, the perianth segments acute or acuminate, 9.5-11.5 mm. Dorsal sepal elliptic-oblanceolate to spatulate, oblong-oblanceolate, a little longer long, 4-4.2 mm. wide. Lateral sepals obliquely disand narrower than the dorsal sepal. Petals obliquely obovate-elliptic, acute,
tinctly shorter
and broader than the dorsal

sessile,
sepal.
Lip shorter and broader than
the sepals, simple, 9-9.5 mm. long, 7-8

of the basal half
mm.
about 4
mm.
with a fleshy, semirhombic thickening on high at the back, with a broad, fleshy,
ovate-triangular, strongly convex, acute or acuminate, wide across the subtruncate base; disc on the central part multilobulate callus. Column very short and stout,
866
30
Kranzl.
each side below and with a pair of very obscure, broad wings above. gives smaller floral measurements.
(I.e.)
Huanuco: Muiia, about 2150 meters, epiphyte, Macbride 3974. Junin: Prov. of Tarma, Agua Dulce, 2300 meters, in low highland wood about the grass-steppe, Woytkowski 35453. Also Colombia
(type of Cyrtochilum flexuosum), Venezuela (type of Odontoglossum cimiciferum) and Ecuador.
Oncidium cocciferum Reichb. f. & Warsc. Bonpl. 2: 101, 279. 1854; Lindl. Fol. Orch. Oncidium 9, no. 23. 1855. Cyrtochilum cocciferum Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: 96, in key. 1917, nomen;
Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 64,
fig.
6E, a-c. 1922.
Plant large, epiphytic, with a very stout, creeping rhizome. Pseudobulbs approximate, oblong-ovoid, flattened or ancipitous, unifoliate, obliquely inserted on the rhizome, up to 8 cm. long (according to Kranzl.), invested at the base by 3 or more pairs of conduplicate, imbricating, leaf-bearing sheaths, the blades successively
Leaves similar, oblong-elliptic (linear, according to Kranzlin), larger upward. acuminate, gradually narrowed to a conduplicate base, 24-60 cm. long (the latter measurement according to Kranzl.), 1.5-4 cm. wide. Scape up to more than 1.5 m. long (according to Kranzl.), paniculate above, with remote, strongly fractiflex, loosely few- (3- to 5-) flowered branches of which the lower are often compound. Floral bracts very small, convolute, oblong-ovate, acute, many times shorter than the slender pedicellate ovary that is up to 2.5 cm. long. Flowers small, greenish brown, obscurely banded with yellow, with widely spreading segments. Dorsal sepal obovate or spatulate, clawed, acute, up to 9 mm. long and 5 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar but somewhat longer, oblique. Petals broadly obovate, scarcely clawed, apiculate, shorter than the dorsal sepal but equally wide. Lip triangular or triangular-ovate, subacute, subcordate at the base, strongly convex, about 8 mm. long and 5 mm. wide below; disc with a large ovate-subquadrate, verrucose callus extending from the base to beyond the middle or about to the middle and with several smaller tubercles on each side. Column short, stout, dilated on each side near the base, the apical wings scarcely produced.
Peru: Sources of the
Maranon
River, Warscewicz
s.n., fide
Lind-
Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 173. 1921. Huanuco, ley. Junin Prov. of Tarma, mountains of Yanangu, east of Huacapistana,
fide Schlechter,
:
2200-2300 meters, thickets with scattering Also Colombia (type).
trees,
Weberbauer 2127.
No material of this species was available, but the Ames Herbarium contains several drawings of the vegetative and floral parts of the type, from the Reichenbach Herbarium.
Lindl. Sert. Orch. sub t. 25, no. 2. 1838; no. 2. 1855. Cyrtochilum cordatum Kranzl. 4, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: 92, in key. 1917, nomen; Engler, PflanFol. Orch.
Oncidium cordatum
Oncidium
zenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 41,
fig.
2G
a-b. 1922.
867
more or less Plant large, with a stout, long-creeping rhizome. Pseudobulbs or conic, bifoliate, about 9 cm. long, invested and almost distant, narrowly ovoid Leaves on the concealed by several pairs of conduplicate, leaf-bearing sheaths. according to Kranzl.), acute or sheaths larger, elliptic-lanceolate (linear-lanceolate to 3.8 cm. wide. acuminate, narrowed to a complicate base, 20-44 cm. long, up m. long, twining, paniculate above with branches (rarely comScape about 1.5 about 15 cm. long. Floral bracts large, deeply concave, suborbicular-ovate
pound) when expanded, obtuse, 1.5 cm. long, much shorter than the slender, pedicellate with spreading segovary which is about 3.5 cm. or less long. Flowers large, thin, cm. across, apparently brown bordered with yellow. Dorsal sepal ments, about 5.7 19 mm. long and 13-15 mm. wide; long-clawed; lamina round-ovate, acute, about than the 6 mm. long. Lateral sepals similar but a little longer claw slender, about cuneate above; lamina dorsal sepal; claw longer, auriculate at the base, gradually dorsal lamina but narrhombic-ovate, subacuminate, about equally long with the lamina rower. Petals shorter than the dorsal sepal with a short, broad claw; acuminate, lightly oblique, about as broad as the dorsal broadly triangular-ovate, narrower. Lip strongly reflexed, clawed, about 25 mm. long when or
sepal
slightly
claw short, gradually dilated expanded and more than 10 mm. wide near the base; lanceolate auriabove; lamina hastate-lanceolate, acuminate, with short, retrorse, at the base; or lobules which are acute or acuminate and have a filiform tooth cles 3 are asymmetrically disc with 5 oblique, transverse lamellae, of which the inner
almost bilobed and the smaller outer ones irregularly lacerate. Column small, linear-lanceolate tooth on either side wingless, but with a rather conspicuous
below.
Peru: Near Pangoa, on rocks near banks of river, Mathews 1067 Junin: Prov. of Tarma, mountains of Yanangu, east of Hua(type). fide Schlechcapistana, 2300-2400 meters, Weberbauer 2119~Loreto,
ter,
Fedde Repert. Beih.
9: 173. 1921.
the Ames Herbarspecimen of this species was available, but ium contains a photograph of the type from the Lindley Herbarium.
No
697. 1852; crista-galli Reichb. f. Bot. Zeit. 10: 165. 1922. Oncidium Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), not H.B.K. Oncidium iridifolium Lindl. Bot. Reg. 22: 1. 1911. 1836,
Oncidium
decipiens Lindl. Fol. Orch.
Oncidium 22, no. 68. 1855. Odontoglossum Kranzl. ex Weberb. Pflanzen. Peru. And. 290. 1910. crista-galli
Plant small, caespitose, rarely up to 10 cm. high.
Pseudobulbs suborbicular
10
or broadly ellipsoid, strongly compressed, apparently aggregated, about or less high, bearing one small, immature leaf at the summit, invested and mostly flat concealed by 2 or more pairs of the dilated bases of distichous leaves. Leaves in the dried specimen), elliptic-lanceolate to linear-lanceooften
mm.
late,
conduplicate acute or acuminate, membranaceous, up to 7.5 cm. long excluding the sheathabout equaling the leaves, filiing base, up to (rarely) 1 cm. wide. Inflorescence one or more close, tubular sheaths; raceme loosely 1- to form; peduncle bearing
(but
5-flowered.
Floral bracts prominent, spreading, ovate to oblong-lanceolate, amthe pedicellate ovary. Flowers large for the plexicaul, more or less shorter than
868
30
plant, successive, yellow often with brown markings, the segments wide-spreading Dorsal sepal elliptic, elliptic-lanceolate or obovatein size. elliptic, acute or apiculate, 5.7-6 mm. long, 3.2-3.6 mm. wide. Lateral sepals free,
and very variable
obliquely elliptic-lanceolate, more or less semilunate, acute, about as long as the dorsal sepal but about half as wide. Petals ovate-oblong or subquadrate-oblong,
obtuse, distinctly longer than the sepals and slightly broader than the dorsal sepal, lightly oblique. Lip much larger than the other segments, 3- or 6-lobed, about
13.5-22
mm.
long from the base to the apex of an anterior lobule, 12-22
mm.
wide
across the lateral lobes; lateral lobes obliquely round-obovate, horizontally spreading from a short claw, more or less irregularly crenate on the outer margins; mid-
lobe much larger, shortly clawed, semiorbicular in outline, deeply bilobed, with a sharp indentation in the middle of each side (thus 4-lobed), with the apical lobules broadly oblong or ovate and parallel, and the lateral lobules broadly rounded or semiorbicular; disc at the base with a large, flat, lobulate callus, surrounded on each side by 1 or more papillae. Column very short and stout, with a prominent, fleshy, ovate protuberance in front below and with a pair of short, broad, subdolabriform wings above.
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Jurgensen 646, Warscewicz s.n. (type of 0. crista-galli) , fide Kranzlin. Loreto, fide Schlechter, Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 174. 1921. Also Mexico (type of 0. decipiens), through
Central America to Panama, and Colombia.
Oncidium cruciferum
Lindl. Fol. Orch.
Reichb.
f.
& Warsc.
Bonpl. 2: 109. 1854;
Oncidium
50, no. 178. 1855; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanfig.
zenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 242,
20H,
a-e. 1922.
Pseudobulbs and leaves not recorded. Scape very long, the portion existing about 1.2 m. long, branching throughout, the branches short, widely spreading, lightly fractiflex, loosely few- (4- to 5-) flowered and 5-6 cm. apart. Floral bracts ovate, concave, paleaceous, spreading, about a fourth as long as the slender, pedicellate ovary which is up to 2.5 cm. long. Perianth segments spreading, yellow
with red or brown spots, according to Kranzlin. Sepals narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, undulate, about 15 mm. long and 3 mm. wide, the free lateral Petals similar to the sepals but slightly shorter and sepals somewhat longer. broader. Lip nearly as long as the sepals but much broader, pandurate-trilobed, about 14 mm. long, 8-9 mm. wide across the basal lobes, 12-15 mm. wide in front; subquadrate-rounded; mid-lobe cordate-reniform from a long, gradually narrowed isthmus, lightly emarginate in front; disc at the base with a conspicuous, velutinous, 3-lobed or cruciform callus, of which the lateral arms are broadly ligulate, arcuate-incurved and dentate at the apex, and the middle arm elongate, retuse, gradually dilated above, and dentate at the apex. Column small, sigmoid when viewed from the side, below in front a suborbicular plate and aboveja pair of very short, broad, tricrenate
wings.
lateral lobes relatively small, retrorse-spreading, auriculiform,
Peru: Habitat unrecorded, Warscewicz
s.n.
The Ames Herbarium contains a drawing of the type from the Reichenbach Herbarium.
869
Oncidium cryptocopis
Hook.
Reichb.
Bot. Mag. 96: t. f. Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: 92, in key. 1917, nomen; Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 36. 1922.
Card. Chron. (1870) 827; 5858. 1870. Cyrtochilum cryptocopis

f.
Plant large and showy throughout. Pseudobulbs very narrowly ovoid to much compressed, bifoliate, 10-12.7 cm. long, cylindric, apparently aggregated, the base by several (up to 3) pairs of leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves obclothed at above the middle, acute, about 30 cm. long long-linear or lorate, slightly broader wide. Scape very long, twining above, about 1-1.5 m. or more long, and 3 cm. with remote branches which are short, twining and few- (often 1-) flowered. the slender pedicellate Floral bracts cucullate, scarious, acute, much shorter than about 7.6 cm. wide ovary which appears to be 8 cm. or less long. Flowers large, of the dorsal sepal to the apices of the lateral sepals, pale chestnutfrom the apex brown with the margins of the sepals and petals golden yellow and the mid-lobe of acute or the lip yellow. Dorsal sepal shortly clawed; lamina broadly deltoid-ovate, mm. long, 22-28 mm. short-acuminate, with an undulate-crisped margin, about 22 much longer than the wide; claw auricled at the base. Lateral sepals subparallel, or oblong-ovate, acute or dorsal sepal, long-clawed; lamina obliquely elliptic-ovate dilated above, about acuminate, with recurved apex; claw slender, gradually with 20 mm. long. Petals nearly as long as the dorsal sepal but much narrower, lamina ovate-lanceolate or rhombic-ovate, obtuse, reundulate-crisped margins; the petals, with the curved above; claw short, broad. Lip about half as large as from the base of the column and the anterior part abruptly basal portion spreading about 12 mm. long (according to reflexed, pandurate-trilobed when expanded,
midKranzlin); lateral lobes relatively small, falcate-triangular, reflexed, acute; into a transversely oblobe much larger, from a long stout claw abruptly dilated which is about 11 mm. wide; disc at the base long, more or less retuse lamina a callus which is carinate in the middle and multi(between the lateral lobes) with on each side. Column very short, with a pair of spreading, obliquely
papillose
rhombic-cuneate wings and with a pair of flattened-subulate, horns in front.
parallel,
decurved
Peru: Habitat not recorded; imported by Mr. Bull. No example of this species was available, but the Ames Herbar-
ium contains sketches of the flower from the Reichenbach Herbarium.

t. 2006. 1837; Fol. Cyrtochilum deltoideum Kranzl. Orch. Oncidium Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: 97, in key. 1917, nomen; Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 70, fig. 7A. 1922.
Oncidium deltoideum
Lindl. Bot. Reg. 23:
31, no. 103. 1855.
Plant medium-sized, rather showy. Pseudobulbs oblong-ovoid, compressed, 21 or 2 pairs of or 3-leaved, up to 6 cm. high, approximate, clothed at the base by sheaths of which the larger upper one is commonly leaf-bearing. Leaves oblongcm. long (according to Kranzlin), lanceolate, acute, complicate at the base, 12-20 about 42 cm. to almost 1 m. high (according to Kranzlin), ter2-3 cm. wide.
Scape the branches are spreading, comminating in a large, often nodding panicle of which rachis. Floral bracts minute, ovate, loosely many-flowered, with a fractiflex pound,
870
30
much shorter than the slender, pedicellate ovary which is up to 2 cm. long. Flowers small for the genus, pale yellow, sometimes spotted with red, the sepals and petals horizontally spreading and recurved above. Dorsal sepal spatulate from a narrow claw-like base, rounded-obtuse, about 8-12 mm. long, 3-6 mm. wide.
acute,
Lateral sepals oblong-oblanceolate, oblique, acute, somewhat longer (with a longer claw) and narrower than the dorsal sepal. Petals obovate-oblong to subspatulate,
rounded to subacute at the apex, apparently somewhat shorter and broader than the dorsal sepal, with more or less undulate margins. Lip much shorter and broader than the sepals, simple or subsimple, broadly deltoid-ovate, subacute or bluntly apiculate, cordate at the base with minute, cucullate lobules next to the column, convex, with rounded outer sides, 7-8 mm. long, 10-13 mm. wide below; disc with
the central portion adorned to above the middle with a crest consisting of 2 series of short oblong papillae (the anterior series broader with longer members). Column short, about 6 mm. long, above with a pair of spreading, broadly semiovate wings
which are entire to minutely denticulate, and below with a pair

plates.
of
subquadrate
Amazonas: Chachapoyas, Mathews
s.n.
(type).
La
Libertad:
Prov. of Otuzco, Hda. Mombrillar, 1670 meters, epiphyte, Ldpez 0582.
The Lopez
lin's figure of
collection has
a flower that coincides well with Kranz-
Cyrtochilum deltoideum, although it appears to be somewhat different from Lindley's plate of the type of Oncidium deltoideum.
Oncidium diceratum
1855.
Lindl. Fol. Orch.
Oncidium
6,
no. 11.
Cyrtochilum diceratum Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: in key. 1917, nomen; Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 60, 95, fig. 5G, a-d. 1922.
Plant large, without any description of the vegetative portions. Scape very (according to Kranzlin), twining, paniculate above. Flowering portion (?branch) shown by the type about 34 cm. long, loosely several-flowered, the lower flowers on short, 2-flowered branches, the upper ones solitary; branches (according to Kranzlin) strict, up to 12 cm. long and 12 cm. distant. Floral bracts apparently prominent, ovate, concave, about half as long as the pedicellate ovary which is up to 3.2 cm. long. Flowers rather large, with horizontally spreading segments, about 4.7 cm. long from the apex of the dorsal sepal to the apices of the lateral sepals, apparently dark brown with the apex of the lip yellow. Dorsal sepal abruptly clawed, up to 21 mm. long; lamina ovate-suborbicular, rounded at the apex, up to 15 mm. wide; claw short, auriculate at the base. Lateral sepals free, slightly longer and markedly narrower than the dorsal sepal, the claw dilated above and the lamlong
ina obliquely elliptic-ovate, broadly obtuse. Petals markedly shorter and narrower than the dorsal sepal with a very short, broad claw; lamina ovate, obtuse. Lip much smaller than the sepals, 15-18 mm. long, pandurate-trilobed, 7-8 mm. wide across the dilated basal portion and about 10 mm. wide in front (according to
Kranzlin), subcuneate at the very base, retuse at the apex, spreading below and reflexed below the middle; basal portion suborbicular with reflexed, semiorbicular
lateral lobes; anterior portion (mid-lobe)
much
larger,
obcordate from an indistinct
871
with 4 approximate warts (the 2 claw; disc at the base (between the lateral lobes) several smaller warts in front. lateral ones parallel to the central ones), and with about 7.5 mm. high, with a pair of small, fleshy, Column short, stout, subclavate,
falcate-ascending horns above.
Cajamarca,
fide Schlechter,
Fedde Repert. Beih.
9: 174. 1922.
Ecuador (type) and Colombia. No example of this species was available, but the Ames Herbarium contains a photograph from the Lindley Herbarium with a drawing
of the lip
and column.
Kranzl. Engler, Bot. Jahrb. 54, Beibl. 117: 33. 1916; Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 196. 1922.
Oncidium discobulbon
Plant medium-sized. Pseudobulbs aggregated, oblong-ovoid, very strongly and shining in the dried specimen, compressed, up to 6 cm. long, unifoliate, yellow the base by 1 or 2 pairs of leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves linear, surrounded at 1.5 cm. wide, chartaceous, paler beneath. abruptly acute, up to 36 cm. long and cm. high; peduncle rather slender, about 22 cm. high, provided with Scape about 57 a very few remote, close, short, tubular sheaths; panicle with numerous, ascending,
rachis loosely many-flowered and f ractiflex. Floral bracts shorter than the slender pedicellate ovary small, triangular-lanceolate, much very or less long. Flowers small, yellow spotted with brown. Dorsal which is 1.5 cm. 7 mm. long and 1 mm. wide. Lateral sepals free, sepal lanceolate, acute, about dorsal sepal but longer. Petals "ovate" or ovate-oblong, acute, similar to the somewhat broader. Lip slightly longer and equally long with the dorsal sepal but than the rest of the perianth, pandurate-trilobed, lightly bilobed at much broader subcordate at the base, about 9.5 mm. long from the base to either side the
compound branches, the
of the retuse apex,
lateral lobes semiovate, reflexed;
wide near the base and 11 mm. wide near the apex; mid-lobe from a very short, broad isthmus with 2 bilobed; disc at the base having a small, tripartite crest abruptly reniform, Column very small, tubercles on each side and some small papillae in the middle. with a pair of erect wings divided into 2 falcate sigmoid when viewed from the side, about 7
apex,
mm.
arms.
2400-2500 meters, Cajamarca: Prov. of Chota, near Huambos, Weberbauer 4198. No material of this species was available, but the Ames Her-
barium contains a photograph
of the type.
Lindl. Sert. Orch. sub t. 25, no. 3. 1838; no. 85. 1855; Hook. Bot. Mag. 88: t. 5293. Fol. 27, Oncidium t. 20. 1899; 1862; Cogn. & Goos. Diet. Icon. Orch. 6: 363. 1905; Kranzl. Engler, PflanMartius Fl. Bras. 3, pt.
Oncidium excavatum
Orch. Oncidium
Cogn.
zenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 241. 1922.
Bonpl. 2: 108. 1854.

liams, Orch.-Grow.
Oncidium aurosum Reichb. f. excavatum Lindl. var. Dawsonii WilOncidium

ed. 6: 483. 1885.
Man.
872

Plant large, showy.
30
Pseudobulbs numerous, aggregated, oblong-ovoid, somecm. long, 1- or 2-leaved, clothed at the base on each side with a few evanescent, leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves linear-oblong or lorate, acute, long-attenuate to a conduplicate, subpetiolate base, 30-50 cm. long, 2.5-4 cm. wide. Scape stout, erect or subnodding, 60-150 cm. high; peduncle provided with a few short, remote, acuminate sheaths; inflorescence paniculate with a few spreading-ascending, simple, elongate branches. Floral bracts small, spreading, narrowly triangular, much shorter than the slender, pedicellate ovary which Flowers loose to subdense, variable in size, with wide-spreading is 1.5-3 cm. long. segments, yellow barred and spotted with red-brown through the lower half. Sepals somewhat undulate on the margin. Dorsal sepal narrowly obovate or oblanceolate-spatulate, rounded and abruptly acute at the apex, 12-16 mm. long, 7-9 (rarely 12) mm. wide, concave. Lateral sepals free, oblong-oblanceolate, abruptly acute, lightly oblique, a little longer and markedly narrower than the
what compressed, 7-12
(rarely 18)
Petals oblong-obovate or triangular-obovate, apiculate at the often dorsal sepal and nearly twice as wide, strongly undulate on the margin. Lip slightly longer and much broader than the other segments, pandurate-trilobed, 12-22 (rarely 25) mm. long, up to 10 mm.
dorsal sepal.
retuse apex,
somewhat longer than the
wide across the basal portion and 20 mm. or less wide in front, sessile at the subtruncate base, more or less deeply emarginate at the apex; lateral lobes small, rotund-semiovate; mid-lobe much larger, from a short, broad claw abruptly cordate-reniform; disc at the base (between the lateral lobes) with a convex plurisulcate callus having about 4 verrucose lines and extended into 2 carinate ridges in Column very front, surrounded on each side by several minute, free tubercles. short and stout, about 5 mm. high, with a pair of porrect, subdolabriform wings which are truncate or lightly retuse without.
Peru: Habitat not recorded (type of 0. aurosum). Amazonas: Near Chachapoyas, Mathews s.n. (type of 0. excavatum). Near the source of the Maranon River, Warscewicz s.n., Wallis s.n. Cajamarca, Huanuco, fide Schlechter, Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 174. 1921.
Also Ecuador.
No
example of
ium contains a photograph
this species was available, but the Ames Herbarof the type from the Lindley Herbarium.
Oncidium falciferum
fide Schlechter,
Reichb.
f.
&
Fedde Repert. Beih.
9: 174. 1921,
Warsc. Bonpl. 2: 108. 1854, sphalm.
Lindl. Orch. Linden 14, no. 76. 1846; Goos. Diet. Icon. Fol. Orch. Oncidium 5, no. 1855; Cogn. Orch. Oncidium t. 21. 1899. Oncidium falcipetalum Lindl. var. Pa7.
Oncidium falcipetalum
&
vonii Reichb. f. ex Lindl. Fol. Orch. Oncidium 5, sub no. 7. 1855, nomen. Oncidium ionodon Reichb. f. Linnaea 41: 23. 1876. Oncidium Davisii Reichb. f Linnaea 41 24. 1876. Cyrtochilum falcipetalum Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: 92, in key. 1917, nomen; Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 37, fig. 1G, a-c. 1922. Cyrtochilum Pavonii Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 38. 1922.
. :
873
Plant large, sprawling, from a stout, creeping rhizome, both terrestrial and to subcylindric, comepiphytic. Pseudobulbs subremote, oval or oblong-ovoid surrounded below by about 3 pressed, 5-10 (rarely 16) cm. long, 1- or 2-leaved, blades uppairs of conduplicate, leaf-bearing sheaths producing successively larger ward. Leaves usually variable in size, those on the pseudobulb commonly the or short-acuminate, longlargest, oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, acute narrowed below to a conduplicate, petiole-like base, up to 52 cm. long and 5.5 cm. wide. Scape much longer than the leaves, stout, twining, up to 6 meters long to Lindley), bearing at remote, irregular intervals flowering branches
(according
which are commonly simple, loosely several- (3- to 6-) flowered, the rachis (when mature) fractiflex and about 16 cm. or less long. Floral bracts conspicuous, conabout one half or cave, broadly ovate to suborbicular when expanded, equaling one third of the pedicellate ovary which is up to 4.5 cm. long. Flowers large, with with widely spreading segments, commonly 6-7 cm. broad. Sepals chestnut-brown a narrow yellow border, strongly undulate on the margins. Dorsal sepal 25-30 mm. clawed; lamina broadly ovate or suborbicular-ovate, obtuse, 17-26 mm. wide
long,
Lateral below; claw short, auricled at the base, abruptly passing into the lamina. and commonly narrower than the dorsal sepal; lamina sepals free, clawed, longer than that of the dorsal obliquely ovate or elliptic-ovate, subacute; claw longer rather gradually dilated into the lamina, auricled on the outer side at the sepal, base. Petals from a very short, broad claw ovate-lanceolate, oblique, acuminate, shorter than very strongly undulate and often twisted or conduplicate, somewhat the dorsal sepal and more or less narrower than the lateral sepals, yellow spotted with brown. Lip much smaller than the other segments, lanceolate in outline, more or less 3-lobed, spreading from the base of the column, abruptly reflexed below the middle, about 20-23 (rarely 15) mm. long, about 10-11 mm. wide near the basal portion when expanded; the side angles or lateral lobes obliquely triangular, lanceolate to oblong-obovate, reflexed, acute; the apical portion or terminal lobe acute or acuminate; disc at the base with a high, fleshy, tricarinate or bisulcate
callus having several irregular fleshy tubercles in front and an irregular, fleshy ridge about extending from the callus to the lateral angle of the lip. Column short, stout, 8.8-10 mm. high at the back, with a pair of fleshy, porrect angles in front below, and a pair of ascending, linear-lanceolate to cuneate arms (often toothed at the oblique apex) on each side in the middle.
Peru: Habitat and collector not recorded (types of Oncidium ionoHuanuco Pillao, 2700 meters on thick tree don and 0. Davisii) trunks and rarely on the ground, Woytkowski 37019. Puno: Prov.
.
of Sandia,
1800-2100 meters, in moist places in much fog and rain, Metcalf 30589. Also Venezuela (type of 0. falcipetalum) and Colombia. 2-6 km. from Oconeque, on
trail,
Oncidium fasciferum
Reichb.
f.
Reichb.
Walp. Ann.
6: 787. 1863;
f. & Warsc. Bonpl. 2: 108. 1854; Cogn. Martius Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6:
393. 1906; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 243,

a-e. 1922.
fig.
20D,
Plant large, showy.

the base on each side
Pseudobulbs
large,
broadly ovoid, unifoliate, clothed at
by a
leaf-bearing sheath.
Leaves linear or
lorate, shortly
874
30
up to 50 cm. long and 4 cm. wide. Scape strict, 1 m. high, terminating in a densely many-flowered panicle consisting of more than 30 remote branches which are up to 5 cm. long and 4- to 8-flowered. Floral bracts ovate, acute, concave, paleaceous, much shorter than the pedicellate ovary which is about 1.5 cm. long. Flowers rather small, golden yellow, with wide-spreading segments, purple-spotted on the lower half. Dorsal sepal clawed, elliptic-lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, with a reflexed apex, up to 11 mm. long, 3 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar but rather longer, free. Petals oblong, about as long as the sepals but markedly wider, oblique, subobtuse. Lip slightly longer and much broader
acute,
than the other segments, broadly obovate in outline, pandurate-trilobed, about 13 mm. long from the subtruncate base to either side of the retuse apex and about 8 mm. wide near the base; lateral lobes semiovate-triangular or semirhombic, spreading, obtuse without; mid-lobe from a short, broad claw abruptly dilated into a cordate-reniform, bilobed lamina which is 10-11 mm. wide; disc at the base with a crest consisting of 5 longitudinal series, the middle one shorter and linear, with larger tubercles on each side of the middle. Column very short and stout, dilated upward, with a pair of porrect, short, semiovate or dolabriform wings above.
E. Peru: Near the source of the

(type).
Maranon
Huanuco,
fide Schlechter,
Fedde Repert. Beih.
River, Warscewicz 25 9: 174. 1921.
No
ium contains a
material of this species was available, but the Ames Herbarfloral analysis from the Reichenbach Herbarium.
Oncidium formosissimum
Lindl. Fol. Orch.
Reichb.
f.
Bot. Zeit. 10: 694. 1852;

f.
Oncidium
28, no. 92. 1855; Reichb.
Walp. Ann.
fig.
6:
745. 1863; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 174, a-c. 1922.
15C,
Plant rather large and showy. Pseudobulbs oblong-cylindric, ancipitous, uni2.5-5 cm. high, clothed below by several leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves elliptic-oblong to "oblong-lanceolate," acute, shortly narrowed to a complicate base, 9 cm. or more long, about 2 cm. wide. Scape much surpassing the leaves, stout, up to 48 cm. or more tall, terminating in a many-flowered panicle; peduncle suberect, provided with several remote, close, evanescent sheaths; panicle spreading, consisting of several subremote, short branches the lower of which are again
foliate,
branched; rachis
fractiflex.
Floral bracts very short, triangular, acute,
much
shorter than the slender, pedicellate ovary.
Flowers medium-sized, with widespreading segments. Sepals and petals dark brown or purple below and yellow above, with a yellow lip. Dorsal sepal elliptic-lanceolate or "oblong," subobtuse, about 10 mm. long, 3.5 mm. wide. Lateral sepals free, similar to the dorsal sepal but longer and slightly narrower, oblique. Petals "oblong" to elliptic-oblong, apparently as long as the lateral sepals and wider than either sepal (sometimes four times larger, fide Reichenbach), acute or short-acuminate. Lip much larger than the other segments, about 16 mm. long, pandurate-trilobed, about 12 mm. wide across the base and nearly 23 mm. wide in front; lateral lobes small, retrorse, oblong-ovate (sometimes bilobed), rounded at the apex; mid-lobe much larger, from an indistinct, broad isthmus, reniform-cordate, broadly rounded in front and abruptly acute or very obscurely bilobed; disc at the base with a small, low crest which is tridentate in front and altogether covered with minute tubercles. Column short, about 7 mm. high, with a pair of very large, transversely oblong or

dolabriform wings.
small, sterile, imperfectly 5-divided flowers normal fertile flowers.
875
Sometimes, according to Kranzlin, there occur forms with which are more numerous than the
9: 174. 1921.
Fedde Repert. Beih.
Co-
lombia and Ecuador (type).
No
the specimens of this species were available, but
Ames Her-
barium contains sketches of vegetative and floral parts from the

Reichb. f. Linnaea 41: 24. 1876. Cyrtochilum gargantua Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: 91, in key. 1917, nomen; Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 32, fig. 1A, a-c. 1922.
Oncidium gargantua
Pseudobulbs and leaves unknown.
Scapes surely very long, stout, climbing,

the
12-15 cm. (according to Kranzlin), apparently many-branched at intervals of to 7-flowered, and 21 cm. or less long. Floral bracts branches fractiflex, loosely up
about half as long as the slender, pedicelconspicuous, triangular-ovate, concave, to 4 cm. long. Flowers large with wide-spreading segments, late ovary which is up lateral sepal, about 6.5 cm. long from the apex of the dorsal sepal to the tip of a with large spots, similar to those of O. falciapparently brown, the petals paler Dorsal sepal about 28 mm. long; lamina petalum Lindl. Sepals long-clawed. rounded or subcordate at the base, broadly ovate or triangular-ovate, subacute, auriwith undulate margins, about 18 mm. or more wide; claw about 5 mm. long, similar but distinctly larger (with a longer claw cled at the base. Lateral sepals suband a longer and broader lamina), the lamina obliquely suborbicular-ovate, much smaller than the sepals, shortly clawed, obliquely acute to acute. Petals ovate-lanceolate or oblong-triangular, acuminate, with margins strongly undulate, the recurved above. Lip much smaller than the other segments, shortly clawed, then abruptly lower portion (nearly to the middle) spreading from the column, from the side), triangularreflexed and recurved (forming a semicircle when viewed lobes small, triangular, lanceolate and about 15 mm. long when expanded; lateral 5 mm. long; mid-lobe linear, somewhat dilated above, obobtuse, deflexed, about with a crest consisting tuse or subacute; disc at the base (between the lateral lobes) bicarinate and papillose in front), the forward one consistof 2 keels (the rear one 2 small papillae on each side. Column rather ing of 2 short lamellae with 1 or about 8 mm. high, dilated below with a pair of semiorbicular
small, apparently
of linear, spreading wings a processes, near the middle with pair
which are abruptly
angled near the apex with an ascending
tip.
Southern Peru: Habitat not recorded, Pearce 835, 598 (according

to Kranzlin).
No
example
barium Herbarium.
of this species was accessible, but the Ames Hercontains a drawing of the inflorescence from the Reichenbach
Oncidium globuliferum HBK. Nov. Gen.

Reichb.
f.
et Sp. 1: 347. 1816; Gard. Chron. (1871) 1678; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV.
876
30
Oncidium globuliferum /3 costaricense 50 (Heft 80), 167. 1922. Oncidium scansor Reichb. Reichb. f. Gard. Chron. (1871) 1678.
Linnaea 22: 844. 1849; Reichb. f. Walp. Ann. 6: 742. 1863. Oncidium convolvulaceum Lindl. & Paxt. Paxt. Fl. Gard. 1: 102, sub t. 21. 1850-51. Oncidium Wercklei Schltr. Fedde Repert. Beih. 19:
f.
68. 1923. Plant extremely variable, with a very long-creeping, twining stem which is smooth, often branching and up to 5 m. long (according to Kranzlin). Pseudobulbs small, commonly more or less distant (rarely approximate), up to 27 cm. or more apart, apparently ancipitous, ellipsoid (rarely obovoid) to suborbicular, up to 3 cm. high, unifoliate, invested below by 2 pairs of conduplicate sheaths of which the upper ones are leaf-bearing. Leaves oblong or elliptic-oblong to oval, rounded or subacute with a minute apicule at the apex, shortly cuneate or subrounded at the complicate base, up to 8 cm. long and 2.5 cm. wide (usually smaller); those of
commonly the largest and most persistent. Scapes very short, both from the base of the pseudobulbs (in the axils of sheaths) and from the stem (at remote intervals), 1- to 3-flowered, apparently up to 3 cm. high, the peduncle wholly concealed by imbricating, scarious sheaths and the rachis strongly fractiflex. Floral bracts ovate-lanceolate, concave, much shorter than the slender pedicellate ovary which is 6 cm. or less long. Flowers very variable in size (mediumsized to large), with wide-spreading segments, yellow usually barred or spotted with red-brown at the base of the segments. Dorsal sepal oblong-elliptic or obovate-oblong, obtuse to acute, 11.5-17 mm. long, 5-9 mm. wide. Lateral sepals distinctly longer and narrower, obliquely oblanceolate-oblong, shortly clawed bethe pseudobulb
arising
Petals obovate-oblong, oblique and somewhat sigmoid, rounded and minutely apiculate at the apex, about as long as the dorsal sepal or a little longer, commonly somewhat broader. Lip much larger than the other
low, acute to obtuse.
segments, quadrate-obovate to suborbicular in outline, pandurate-trilobed, cordate at the base, retuse to bilobed (sometimes with a pair of small supplementary lobules) at the apex, 22-32 mm. long from the base to either side of the bilobed
apex, 10-13.5 mm. wide across the lateral lobes and 23-41 mm. wide across the mid-lobe; lateral lobes small, auriculate-spreading, suborbicular, passing into a broad, subquadrate claw; mid-lobe many times larger, cordate-reniform, bilobed; disc between the lateral lobes with a more or less plurituberculate callus which
terminates in a triangular point flanked on each side by a small, semiobovate lamella. Column small, stout, about 5.5-6.5 mm. high, above with a pair of short,
broad, subdolabriform wings which are more or less crenulate.
Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 175. 1921. Cuzco: Prov. of Calca, Lares Valley, between Huallhuayoj and Calca, 1900 meters, in "shrubwood," Weberbauer 7922. Prov. of Urubamba, Machu-Picchu, 2000 meters, on cliffs, Vargas 1892. Also Colombia (type of 0. globuliferum), Venezuela (types of 0. scansor and 0. convolvulaceum), Bolivia, fide Schlechter, Fedde Repert. Beih. 10: 78. 1922, Costa Rica (types of 0. globuliferum var. costaricense and 0. Wercklei Schltr.), and Panama.
Amazonas,
fide Schlechter,
877
Oncidium glossomystax
Walp. Ann.
fig. 2.
Reichb.
f.
Bot. Zeit. 10: 696. 1852;

t.
6:
714. 1863; Cogn. Martius
Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6: 432,
62,
1906; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 98. 1922.
Plant very small, epiphytic, with an abbreviated rhizome, consisting of a submore orbicular-flabelliform cluster of leaves whose bases are imbricating. Leaves or less numerous, ensiform, equitant, linear or oblong, often lightly oblique, acute or
subacute,
to rarely 4 cm. long, 2 to rarely 6 mm. wide. Scapes usually somewhat the leaves, simple, commonly very slender, about 2-3 (rarely 5 cm. long), exceeding erect to arcuate, 1- to 3-flowered above. Floral bracts minute, ovate-triangular, mm. or less long. concave, much shorter than the pedicellate ovary which is 8 Flowers large for the plant, yellow, with wide-spreading, membranaceous segments. Dorsal sepal suborbicular-obovate or broadly elliptic, rounded at the apex, dorinto a mucro, 2.3-4 mm. long, 1.6-2.3 mm. sally carinate with the keel produced keel wide. Lateral sepals free, obliquely elliptic-lanceolate, acute, with the dorsal about as long as the dorsal sepal and nearly half as wide. extended into a mucro, at Petals very broadly oblong or narrowly obovate, obliquely rounded or truncate as long as the dorsal sepal and slightly narrower (often a little the apex, about in outline, Lip much larger than the other segments, suborbicular broader). bilobed in front, about 9.5-13 mm. long from the base to sharply 3-lobed, deeply of an apical lobule, about equally broad across the mid-lobe in front and the
1
apex
across the lateral lobes at the base; lateral lobes relatively small, wide-spreading, a narrow claw, irregularly crenate obliquely spatulate, abruptly round-dilated from
without; mid-lobe much larger, abruptly dilated from a broad subquadrate claw, side (thus cordate-reniform, deeply bilobed in front and sharply indented on each the apical lobules oblong-suborbicular and the outer lobules much 4-lobed) with near the base with 2 pairs of broadly larger and obliquely semiorbicular; disc lamellae terminating in deep fringes (one pair in front of the other) the oblong dilated on each side apical pair more or less coalescent. Column minute, porrectly with a pair of broadly dolabriform, crenulate wings above. below,
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Mathews s.n., fide Cogn. Tocache, in dry places, Poeppig 857. Cuzco: Prov. of Paucartambo, Victoria, Asuncion, 700-800 meters, Vargas 5151. Junin: Puerto Bermudez, about 395 meters, epiphyte in dense forest, Kittip & Smith 2651 9a.
meters, Weberbauer 4511 Rio Tahuamana, 330 meters, Seibert 1947. Madre de Dios: Iberia, San Martin: Near Moyobamba, 860 meters, Scolnik 1206. Also GuiMexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Colombia, Venezuela, French
Loreto: Near
Moyobamba, 800-900
ana, Brazil, and Ecuador (type).
Oncidium gracillimum
Rolfe,
Kew
Bull. (1898) 197.
Plant large, but not showy. Pseudobulb oblong-ovoid, subcompressed, 7.6 cm. below long, bifoliate. Leaves linear-oblanceolate, acute, gradually long-narrowed to 20.3 cm. long, about 2 cm. wide. Scape large, to a slender petioled base, up 90 cm. high, the terminating in a spreading, loosely many-branched panicle, about fractiflex branches 15-22.5 cm. long. Bracts oblong-lanceolate, concave, slender much shorter than the slender pedicellate ovary which is 1.1 cm. or less long.
878
FIELDIANA: BOTANY,
VOLUME
30
Flowers small, having wide-spreading segments, yellow with a few large brown spots at the base of the perianth-members. Dorsal sepal cuneate-spatulate or oblanceolate, subobtuse, about 6 mm. long, 2 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar but a little longer and narrower, lightly oblique. Petals "spatulate-oblong" or
broadly oblong from a clawed base, obtuse, apparently a little shorter and wider than the dorsal sepal. Lip larger than the other segments, deeply 3-lobed with the mid-lobe bilobed, spreading from the base of the column, lightly reflexed above, about 8 mm. long from the base to the apex of a terminal lobule, nearly 7.5 mm. wide at the base across the lateral lobes; lateral lobes divaricate or lightly retrorse, broadly oblong, rounded at the apex; mid-lobe larger, oblong or more usually obovate-oblong, somewhat larger than the lateral lobes, bifid with ovate-rounded, slightly spreading lobules; disc at the base with a 6-lobed crest. Column sigmoid in lateral view, about 4 mm. high, with an elongate beaked rostellum, bearing a pair of oblong, unequally 3-denticulate wings, the posterior tooth falcate-recurved.
Peru: Habitat not recorded; imported by Messrs. F. Sander
&
Company.
No example of this species was available, but the Ames Herbarium contains a photograph of the type.
Oncidium heteranthum Poepp. &
34,
t.
60. 1836;
Cogn. Martius
Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6: 378,
Endl. Nov. Gen. ac Sp. 1: t. 87. 1905;
Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 175. 1922. Oncidium bryolophotum Reichb. f. Card. Chron. (1871) 738. Oncidium inops
Cogn. & Rolfe, Journ. des Orch. 3: 346. 1893 and 4: 74. 1893. cidium megalous Schltr. Fedde Repert. 9: 30. 1911.
On-
Plant small to large, extremely variable throughout, with an abbreviated rhizome. Pseudobulbs aggregated, ovoid or ellipsoid to pyriform or cylindric in the dried specimen, 1- or more- (commonly 2-) leaved, up to 6.5 (rarely 8.5) cm. long, angulate, complanate or ancipitous, surrounded at the base by 1 to 3 pairs of evanescent, conduplicate sheaths of which the upper ones are leaf-bearing. Leaves elliptic or elliptic-oblong to linear-oblong (rarely obovate-oblong), acute or acuminate, more or less narrowed to a complicate, petioled base, up to 34.5 cm. long (commonly much shorter), 8 mm.-3.4 cm. wide, the largest and most persistent on the pseudobulb. Scape usually much exceeding the leaves, up to 120 cm. long, often flexuous or arcuate above; peduncle (often very short) up to 25 cm. long, with a very few close, remote, short sheaths; inflorescence loosely paniculate with numerous short or rather short, compound branches having a fractiflex rachis. Floral bracts minute, triangular-lanceolate, much shorter than the pedicellate ovary of the fertile flowers which is 1.5 cm. or less long. Flowers of 2 kinds; sterile flowers much more numerous, smaller (often much so), of 3-6 linear to oblanceolate segments, one of which is sometimes partially developed into a lip; fertile flowers medium-sized for the genus, with wide-spreading segments, yellow with brown blotches or bars on the lower portion of the perianth parts. Dorsal sepal narrowly oblanceolate or spatulate-oblanceolate, rounded or obtuse and often
apiculate at the apex, 7.2-8.8 (rarely 10) mm. long, 2-2.6 (rarely 3) mm. wide. Lateral sepals free, sometimes a little shorter or longer than the dorsal sepal but
about equally broad, very obliquely oblanceolate-spatulate, subacute to apiculate.
879
the sepals, oblique especially at the Petals obovate-oblong, distinctly broader than than the other segments, rounded to subtruncate-retuse apex. Lip much larger base with a bilobed apex, 9.5-12.5 mm. long from the sessile, pandurate-trilobed, mm. wide near the base and 9 (rarely to the tip of an apical lobule, 9-10 (rarely 11) the middle or above wide near the apex, rather abruptly narrowed near 7) -13 with the dorsal margin cordate the middle; basal part more or less semiorbicular than the antenor part (midand often tabulate, about equaling or distinctly larger bilobed; disc at the mid-lobe sessile to very shortly clawed, reniform, deeply lobe); lobules and callus terminating in 3 usually recurved base with a multilobulate short, 5-6 mm. Column very often surrounded by 1 or more separate papillae. somewhat sigmoid when viewed from high at the back including the erect wings, more or less retuse, dilated upward, provided with a pair of spreading, the
mm
which with a pair of transversely oblong wings above fleshy dilations below and the apex, but sometimes angular and acu are commonly recurved and rounded at
or acuminate above.
side,
1917Cuzco: Eastern Peru: Habitat not recorded, Mathews below Pillahuata, 2000-2300 meters, epiphyte Near Rio Yanamayo, Hda. Potrero, in forest, Pennell 14051, 14078. Prov. of Convention, in forest, Vargas 2531. Sapan-Sachayocc, 2200 meters, epiphyte Huanuco: Near Cuchero (Cochero) and Pampayaco (Pampayacu), Kanehira 333. Junin: Poeppig 1619 (type of 0. heteranthum) Prov. of Tarma, Chanchamayo Valley, 1500 meters, Schunke s.n. common on trees, Woytkowski 35359. Also Utcuyacu, 1900 meters, in South AmerColombia (type of 0. inops), Venezuela, and Bolivia
,
ica
and Costa Rica (type

in Central America.
of 0. bryolophotum, 0. megalous)
and Pan-
ama
Oncidium hians
Fol Orch. Oncidium 36,
Lindl. Bot. Reg. 24, Misc. 65, no. 124. 1838; no. 122. 1855; Reichb. f. Walp. Ann. 6: 775.
b. 1887; Cogn. 1863; Regel, Gartenfl. 36: 345, 1. 1250, figs, a, Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6: 416. 1906; leucostomum Hoffmgg. Verz. Orch. (Heft 80), 155. 1922. Oncidium 20: 249. 1852. 58. 1843.' Oncidium quadricorne Kl. Allg. Gartenz. Misc. 43, fig., 1856. Oncidium maxilligerum Lem. Illustr. Hortic. 3, Pseudobulbs very small, ovoid, more or less com-
Martius
Plant small, inconspicuous. Leaf small, oblong or linear-oblong, subobtuse pressed, unifoliate, 1-1.5 cm. high. 3-7 cm. long, to abruptly acute or acuminate, long-attenuate to a complicate base, erect or ascend8-13 mm. wide. Scape much exceeding the leaves, very slender, with a few very remote, short sheaths; ing, 12-25 cm. long; peduncle provided short, inflorescence simple or slightly branched, with the branches erect-spreading,
filiform, loosely 2- to 4-flowered.
Floral bracts very small, ovate-triangular,
much
mm. long. Flowers very shorter than the filiform pedicellate ovary which is 8-13 Dorsal sepal oval dull yellowish brown. small, with wide-spreading segments, rounded at the apex, 5-5.5 mm. long, 3.2 mm. or less wide. Lateral ("obovate"), but slightly smaller, oblique. Petals sepals free, very similar to the dorsal sepal
880
FIELDIANA: BOTANY,
VOLUME
30
broadly oblong or obovate, oblique especially at the rounded apex, distinctly smaller than the dorsal sepal. Lip much surpassing the sepals and petals, pandurate, obovate-subquadrate in outline, sessile at the subcordate base, more or less retuse at the apex, 6-8 (sometimes 10) mm. long, 2.5-3.5 mm. wide near the base, 4-4.5 mm. wide near the apex; disc at the base with a large, fleshy, erect callus which is bilobed at the apex and prominently dentate on each side (thus 4-lobed). Column very short and stout, about 2 mm. high, with a pair of conspicuous, semiovate, falcate-ascending wings.

(type).
Fedde Repert. Beih.
9: 175. 1921.
Brazil
Reichb. f. Allg. Gartenz. 22: 274. Lindl. Fol. Orch. Oncidium 29, no. 94. 1855; Reichb. f. Walp. 1854; Ann. 6: 745. 1863; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 240.
1922.
Plant apparently large. Pseudobulbs caespitose, oval or ovoid to disc-shaped, sharply ancipitous, unifoliate. Leaf oblong or ligulate, obtusely acute, up to 11.5 cm. long and 5 cm. wide, undulate. Raceme simple or with a few very short Floral (apparently 2-flowered) branches below, very loosely several-flowered. bracts minute, lanceolate, acuminate, much shorter than the pedicellate ovary which is apparently about 20 mm. long. Flowers medium-sized for the genus,
Oncidium hieroglyphicum
with wide-spreading segments, the sepals and petals greenish-yellow with dull brown spots except near the apex, and the lip pale yellow with a large brown spot near the base. Sepals free, about equal, elliptic-lanceolate ("oblong"), acuminate ("acute"), undulate on the margins, about 12 mm. or more long, 5-6 mm. wide. Petals similar but definitely broader. Lip longer and much broader than the sepals and petals, from a short claw abruptly obovate-subquadrate in outline, sharply pandurate-trilobed, cordate at the base, bilobed in front, about 15 mm. long from the base to the apex of an apical lobule and slightly broader in front; lateral lobes horizontally spreading, oblong-obovate or saddle-shaped, rounded without; midlobe abruptly spreading from a conspicuous narrow claw, cordate-reniform, bilobed; disc at the base with an oval, downy, 7-lobed crest. Column very short,
rhombic-dilated on each side below, having 3 pits below the stigma, with an apical pair of semiovate, retuse wings, the upper lobe much smaller than the lower.
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Warscewicz Herr Jenisch's garden).
s.n.
(living original in
No specimen of this species was available, but the Ames Herbarium contains several sketches of the plant and flower from the Reichenbach Herbarium.
Bot. Zeit. 15: 158. 1857; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 216, fig. 19B, a-b. 1922. Plant large. Pseudobulbs and leaves not recorded. Scape high, more than 65 cm. in length, loosely paniculate above; panicle about 30 cm. or more long, very
Oncidium hirundo
Reichb.
f.
loosely several-flowered; floral branches 5 to 6 cm. apart, short, laxly 2- to 4-flowered almost to the base, with a fractiflex rachis. Floral bracts ovate-lanceolate,

acute or acuminate,
parently 20-25
881
is apFlowers medium-sized, with wide-spreading segments, sepals and petals yellow marked with chestnut-brown throughout, lip yellow with chestnut spots below. Dorsal sepal elliptic-oblanceolate, relatively short-clawed, acute, 16-20 mm. long, about 5-7 mm. wide. Lateral sepals free, obliquely oblanceolate, acuminate, diverging like a swallow's tail, apparently much longer (with longer claw) and somewhat narrower than the dorsal sepal. Petals oblong-lanceolate ("oblong"), obtuse, slightly subhastate below, markedly shorter and somewhat wider than the dorsal sepal. Lip much shorter than the sepals, subquadrateobovate in outline, pandurate-trilobed near the middle, sessile, emarginate in front, about 13 mm. or more long from the base to an apical lobule and 10 mm. or more wide in front (across the mid-lobe) basal portion rhombic, with rounded-triangular, spreading lateral lobes, about 8 mm. wide; mid-lobe abruptly dilated from a short claw into a reniform lamina; disc at the base with a suborbicular, pluridentate crest. Column very small, with a dentiform process in front below and with a pair of retuse wings above.
much
long.
shorter than the slender pedicellate ovary which
mm.
s.n., fide
Kranzl.
(I.e.).
The Ames Herbarium contains a drawing

floral analysis
of the scape with a
from the Reichenbach Herbarium, but no material
was
available.
Oncidium incarum
Harvard
(Kranzl.) C. Schweinf. Bot. Mus. Lean Univ. 14: 70. 1949. Cyrtochilum incarum Kranzl. Engler,
.
Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 58. 1922.

Plant large. Rhizome almost 2 m. long, with very long roots. Pseudobulbs very distant, narrowly ovoid, compressed, bifoliate, up to 15 cm. long, clothed below by several long, leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves linear, acuminate, shortly complicate below, plicate, 20-60 cm. long, 3 cm. or more wide. Scape up to 4 m. long, climbing; peduncle 2.5 m. long; panicle about 1.5 m. long, with elongate branches which are slender, flexuous and several- to many-flowered. Bracts broadly cymbiform, ovate, subacute, about a third as long as the pedicellate ovary which is almost 3 cm. long. Flowers large for the genus. Sepals yellowish-brown. Dorsal sepal spatulate-oblong, long-clawed, 3 cm. long; lamina oblong, obtuse, about 2 cm. long and 1.5 cm. wide; claw 1 cm. long. Lateral sepals connate at the very base, rather shortly clawed, about as long as the dorsal sepal; lamina oblong, subacute, as wide as the dorsal sepal. Petals shortly and broadly clawed, markedly shorter than the sepals; lamina ovate, subcordate-retuse at the base, acute, slightly narrower than the sepals, the basal third yellow-brown, the upper part first white, then violet. Lip deflexed, much shorter than the other segments, about 1.6 cm. long and 1.3 cm. wide, from a broad base suborbicular or very broadly rhombic with obtuse tip, apiculate in front, brownviolet; disc at the base with a crest consisting of irregularly placed tubercles
having 5 divergent teeth in front.
Column
narrow
slender, linear, strict, 6-7
mm.
high, capitate above, with a pair of very
wings.
Peru: Huacapistana, Weberbauer 2136.
No
example of
this species
was
available.
882

.
30
Oncidium ionopterum Reichb. f Linnaea 41 20. 1876. Cyrtochilum ionopterum Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: 97, in key. 1917, nomen; Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 70, fig. 7C, a-d.
:
1922.
Plant delicate, probably elongate. Pseudobulbs and leaves not described, the former said to be small. Peduncle and rachis of the inflorescence lacking. Panicle slender, climbing, the existing part about 40 cm. long; branches 4-8 cm. distant, flaccid, up to 4 cm. long, provided near the base with abortive flowers and at the apex with 2 or 3 normal fertile flowers, the rachis becoming fractiflex. Bracts minute. Pedicellate ovary of the normal flowers up to 10 mm. long. Abortive flowers composed of 5 linear segments about 2.5 mm. long. Color of normal flowers: sepals yellow-green, petals brown with a white apex, lip violet on each side, brown in the center and with a white tip in front. Dorsal sepal oblong-cuneate or oblong-oblanceolate with a long claw, acute, 7 mm. long, 2 mm. wide. Lateral sepals free, oblong-oblanceolate, with a long claw, oblique, acute, distinctly longer than the dorsal sepal but equally wide. Petals oblong-obovate from a narrowcuneate base, acute, oblique, a little shorter and notably broader than the dorsal sepal. Lip simple, sessile, broadly triangular-ovate, abruptly acute in front, convex, with the rounded sides denticulate or crenulate, apparently subtruncate at the base, about 5 mm. long and 8 mm. wide; disc velutinous, with a large central
crest consisting of several finger-like tubercles, terminating in a pair of larger, elongate, outcurved tubercles in front and with a separate, bilobed papilla on either side. Column small, with an angular plate on either side below and a pair of large transversely oblong or semiorbicular, lobulate wings above.
Near Huancabamba, 3076 meters, Wallis s.n. (type). Cajamarca, fide Schlechter, Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 175. 1921.
Piura:
No
ium contains drawings
material of this species was available, but the Ames Herbarof the type from the Reichenbach Herbarium.
Oncidium Kienastianum
Reichb.
f.
Card. Chron.
n.s. 9: 558.
1878. Oncidium trilingue Sander, Orch. Guide 193. 1901, not Lindl. Cyrtochilum Kienastianum Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: 91, in key. 1917, nomen; Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 33, fig. ID,
0-6. 1922.
Pseudobulbs aggregated according to Kranzlin, oblong-ovoid or less ancipitous, bifoliate, about 8 cm. high, clothed at the base by several pairs of conduplicate, leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves oblanceolate-oblong ("linear"), acute or acuminate, more than 50 cm. long and 2.5 cm. wide according
Plant large.
ellipsoid,
more or
Scape very long, twining, paniculate above, the short, few-flowered branches described as 3-4 cm. long. Bracts small, oblong-ovate, acute, more than a third as long as the pedicellate ovary which is about 3.5 cm. long. Flowers rather large, with wide-spreading segments. Sepals brown with pale yellow margins, at length becoming dark purple, crisped. Dorsal sepal clawed, 1.5 cm. long; lamina triangular-ovate, acute, about 1 cm. wide; claw relatively short. Lateral sepals longer-clawed, distinctly longer than the dorsal sepal and about as wide, cuneateoblong, acute. Petals shortly and broadly clawed, as long as the dorsal sepal and
to Kranzlin.
883
nearly as wide; lamina ovate, acuminate ("acute"), with crisped margins and a reflexed apex, yellowish with brown spots or bars, at length purple. Lip triangularlanceolate in outline, lightly 3-lobed, about 1.5 cm. long and 1.2 cm. wide across the lateral lobes near the base, yellowish with brown or purple spots at the base and
on the margins; lateral lobes relatively small, subquadrate-auriculate, spreading, sometimes divided in the middle; mid-lobe much larger, "triangular" or triangularovate, acute or acuminate, recurved above, with the margins strongly crispedundulate; disc at the base with a 3-carinate crest, the central keel highest, the latsemilunate-curved with 3 lamellae on each side. Column short and stout, sigmoid when viewed from the side, purple, with a pair of angular, fleshy processes below and a pair of minute, ascending, curved wings above.
eral ones
Northern Peru or Colombia, habitat not recorded, Roezl
s.n.
available, but in the Ames Herexample barium there are sketches and floral analyses from the Reichenbach Herbarium.
of this species
No
was
Oncidium leopardinum
1855; Williams, Orch.-Grow.
Lindl. Fol. Orch.
Oncidium
28, no. 93.
Man.
ed. 7: 618. 1894.
Plant apparently large, with no record of the pseudobulbs, leaves or complete

scape. Panicle very loose, about 90 cm. high (according to Williams), the branches often very remote, apparently short, compound and with a strongly fractiflex rachis. Floral bracts minute, much shorter than the pedicellate ovary which is about
20 mm. or less long. Flowers rather small, with wide-spreading or reflexed segments, yellow with distinct, dark brown bands on the sepals, petals and base of the lip. Sepals apparently oblong and free, the lateral ones (which alone show clearly in the photograph of the type) narrowly oblong, acute or obtuse, about 9 mm. long and 2 mm. wide. Petals markedly broader than the lateral sepals, ovate-oblong from a short, subunguiculate base, apiculate at the broadly obtuse to retuse apex. Lip nearly equaling the lateral sepals, about 9 mm. long, subequally wide in front and slightly narrower near the base, pandurate-trilobed, sessile; lateral (basal) lobes small, auriculate-rounded; mid-lobe cordate-reniform, bilobed in front, separated from the basal portion by a rather long, abrupt claw; disc at the base with a multilobulate callus which terminates in 5 distinct tubercles the three middle ones longer, with a longer outcurved tubercle on each side in front. Column very short and stout, with a terminal pair of large wings which are broadly dolabriform, lightly 3-lobulate and falcate at the summit.
Peru Sources of the Maranon River, Warscewicz

:
s.n.
No specimens of this species were available, but the Ames Herbarium contains sketches from the Reichenbach Herbarium.
Oncidium Leopoldianum
Rolfe, Gard. Chron. ser. 3, 8: 556.
1890; Lindenia 6: 71, t. 274. 1891; Williams, Orch.-Grow. Man. ed. 7: 618. 1894. Cyrtochilum Leopoldianum Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart.
Berl. 7: 94, in key. 1917, 55, fig. 5B, a-6. 1922.
nomen; Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft
80),
884
30
Plant large and showy. Rhizome long-creeping, stout according to Kranzlin. Pseudobulbs more or less distant, about 12.7 cm. or less long, narrowly oblongovoid to ovoid-cylindric, 1- or 2-leaved, clothed at the base by several pairs of sheaths which are mostly leaf-bearing. Leaves on the sheaths larger than those on the pseudobulbs (according to Kranzlin), oblanceolate, gradually narrowed below, acute or acuminate, up to 20 cm. long and 3 cm. wide, those on the pseudobulbs oblanceolate ("lanceolate"), up to 16 cm. long and 2 cm. wide according to
Kranzlin.
Scapes elongate, climbing, panicled above, many-branched, the existing portion about 2.5 m. long, clothed at the base by several leaf -bearing sheaths, the branches about equally long and up to 12 cm. in length. Bracts small, broadly
ovate, about one fourth as long as the pedicellate ovary which is 2.5 cm. long. Flowers rather large, with wide-spreading segments, about 4.5 cm. across; sepals
and petals white with a crimson-purple lower central portion, lip violet-purple with the basal crest and part of the column yellow. Dorsal sepal very shortly clawed,
exauriculate at the base, about 2.3 cm. long; lamina broadly elliptical (or oval), obtuse, about 1.1 cm. wide. Lateral sepals very similar, somewhat broader than
sessile,
the dorsal sepal, or narrower according to Kranzlin. Petals elliptic-ovate, subsubacute, shorter and narrower than the sepals, or broader according to Kranzlin. Lip much smaller than the sepals and petals, triangular-lanceolate,
lightly 3-lobed near the base, fleshy, about 1.3-1.5 cm. long, 7-10 mm. wide across the lateral (basal) lobes, subacute to acuminate; lateral lobes rounded; disc at the base with a crest consisting of 3-5 short, fleshy, parallel ridges, the central one
highest.
Column
short, with a pair of short, rounded, fleshy wings.
South America: Habitat and collector not recorded; introduced by Messrs. Linden of Brussels (type). Loreto: Mountains east of Moyobamba, 1300-1400 meters, transitional country between the savanna woods and the upland evergreen woods, Weberbauer 4732.
No
Oncidium lineoligerum Reichb. f. & Warsc. Bonpl. 2: 109. 1854; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 280. 1922.
Plant large. Pseudobulbs and leaves not recorded. Scape incomplete in the type specimen, loosely panicled above and then racemose near the apex; panicle stout, about 73 cm. long including the terminal racemose portion; branches 4-6 cm. apart, loosely 2- to 3-flowered, with a fractiflex rachis. Bracts lanceolate-ovate, cucullate, much shorter than the slender pedicellate ovary which appears to be about 3 cm. long. Flowers rather small, with wide-spreading or reflexed segments, yellow or orange with an irregular brown band across the middle of the lip. Dorsal sepal oblong or ligulate, obtusely acute, cuneate at the base, undulate, about 16 mm. long and 5 mm. wide according to Kranzlin. Lateral sepals similar but slightly larger, free. Petals about as long as the dorsal sepal, elliptic, obtuse, very shortly clawed below, slightly wider than the lateral sepals according to Kranzlin. Lip subquadrate in outline, pandurate-trilobed, about 18 mm. long, sessile at the subtruncate base, bilobed in front; lateral (basal) lobes relatively small, triangularinent,
auriculiform, spreading, rounded without, rather abruptly narrowed into a promsubquadrate isthmus; mid-lobe cordate-reniform, retuse to bilobed, about
22
mm.
wide; disc with a basal crest which
is
divided into a depressed, plurisulcate
885
lower portion and an anterior rhombic-ovate callus which is rostrate in the center, with 3 to 5 sharp teeth on each side. Column small, above with a pair of short, broad, repand or unequally bilobed wings.
s.n. (type).
Amazonas:
is
Near Chachapoyas, Oversluys
s.n.
A
the
sketch of this species from the Reichenbach Herbarium
in
Ames Herbarium.
Oncidium Lucasianum Rolfe, Kew Bull. (1894) 185; Sander, Orch. Guide 185. 1901; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80),
141. 1922.
Plant large. Pseudobulbs ovoid, sub compressed, bifoliate, 2.5-5 cm. high. Leaves linear-lanceolate, acute, 5-8 cm. long. Scape arcuate, several-jointed with swollen joints according to Kranzlin, few-flowered and 15-20 cm. long, or manyflowered, paniculate and 65-120 cm. long according to Sander. Bracts small, triangular, acute, much shorter than the pedicellate ovary which is up to 2 cm. long. Flowers of variable structure, rather large, about 3 cm. across, entirely yellow. Dorsal sepal obovate-oblong from a very narrow base, obtuse, dorsally carinate, undulate, about 17 mm. or more long, 8 mm. or less wide. Lateral sepals similar, subfree or connate to the middle. Petals broadly oblong from a shorter claw, obtuse, about as long as the sepals but somewhat wider. Lip pandurate-trilobed, about 20 mm. long and 21 mm. or more wide; lateral lobes small, obovate-oblong, auriculiform; mid-lobe large, suborbicular-reniform, bilobed, cordate at the base, about 25 mm. wide; disc with a 5-lamellate callus of which the lamellae are verrucose and are surrounded by warts. Column short, with a pair of rather large, semiovate, erose wings.
Habitat originally uncertain.
Peru Without locality,

:
fide
Sander
and Kranzlin.
No
example
of this species
was
accessible.
Oncidium luridum
Mag. 64
:
t.
3603. 1837.
Reg. 25: t. 16. tatum Reichb. f.

pt. 6: 411,
t.
Lindl. Bot. Reg. 9: t. 727. 1823; Hook. Bot. Oncidium luridum var. guttatum Lindl. Bot. Oncidium gut1839, not Epidendrum guttatum L. Walp. Ann. 6: 782. 1863; Cogn. Martius Fl. Bras. 3,
83. 1906.
Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80),
110. 1922.
Figure 173.
Plant large, extremely variable and widespread. Rhizome very short. Pseudobulbs minute or small, ovoid, unifoliate, more or less compressed, rarely up to 3.5 cm. high, entirely concealed and surpassed by several imbricating, scarious sheaths. Leaf very variable, oval to elliptic-oblong or oblong, acute, more or less narrowed to a complicate base, very thick and fleshy, 15 (rarely smaller) -77 cm. long, 2.2 (rarely) -13 cm. wide. Scape much longer than the leaves, erect or nodding, loosely paniculate and many-flowered above, 30-180 cm. long; peduncle stout, about 9 cm. (rarely) or more long, provided with remote, short, close, tubular sheaths; panicle large, with remote branches which are short to elongate, simple
886
or
30
compound, with a more or less fractiflex rachis. Floral bracts very short, ovatetriangular, acute, much shorter than the slender, pedicellate ovary which is up to 3.5 cm. long. Flowers medium-sized, with wide-spreading segments having undulate-crisped margins, usually dull yellowish or greenish, thickly spotted with brown. Dorsal sepal broadly spatulate or obovate-spatulate, rounded at the apex, grad-
ually unguiculate-narrowed below, 12-19 mm. long, 7.5-12 mm. wide. Lateral sepals free, similar to the dorsal sepal but a little narrower and often longer. Petals oblong-obovate with a short or very short broad claw, a little shorter and narrower than the dorsal sepal. Lip slightly longer and much broader than the other seg-
ments, suborbicular-obovate in outline, pandurate-trilobed, sessile and subcordate at the base, retuse to bilobed above, 14.6-21 mm. long from the base to the tip of an apical lobule, about 7.8-10 mm. wide near the base and 15-21 mm. wide in front (across the mid-lobe); basal portion ovate-subquadrate with an auriculate,
spreading base; anterior portion (mid-lobe) cordate-reniform, abruptly dilated from a scarcely perceptible claw; disc at the base with a large plurituberculate callus having 2 larger, more or less oblong, irregular tubercles below and 3 smaller ones in front. Column very short and stout, 4-5 mm. high, with a pair of transversely oblong-subquadrate, unequally bilobed wings above.
the
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Pavdn s.n. Also Florida (U.S.A.), West Indies, Mexico and Central America, South America (type),
Colombia, Venezuela, British Guiana and Brazil.
Oncidium macranthum
Fol. Orch.
Lindl. Gen.
&
Sp. Orch. 205. 1833;
1868.
95, in
fig.
Oncidium 4, no. 1. 1855; Hook. f. Bot. Mag. 94: t. 5743. Cyrtochilum macranthum Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: key. 1917, nomen; Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 55,
5C, a-c. 1922.
Plant large and showy. Pseudobulb ovoid to conic-cylindric, more or less compressed, 7-15 cm. tall, bifoliate, clothed at the base with 3 or 4 pairs of imbricating, conduplicate sheaths (progressively larger upward) of which the upper ones are leafbearing. Leaves very variable in size but apparently larger on the pseudobulb, oblanceolate or linear-oblanceolate to oblong, acute or short-acuminate, gradually narrowed below (often much so) to a complicate base, mostly 25-52.5 cm. long and 2.5-5 cm. wide above. Scape elongate, climbing, 60-300 cm. long, loosely branching (paniculate) above; peduncle stout, with very remote, short, close, tubular sheaths; branches of the panicle very remote, about 33 cm. or less long, mostly concealed below by tubular sheaths, loosely 2- to 5-flowered above. Floral bracts large, cymbiform, obtuse to acute, about half as long as the slender pedicellate ovary which is up to 7 cm. or more long. Flowers very large for the genus, with wide-spreading segments, about 7-10 cm. across from the apex of the dorsal sepal to the tip of a lateral sepal. Sepals dull yellowish brown, somewhat undulate on the margins. Dorsal sepal about 3.5-4 cm. long, prominently clawed; lamina suborbicular, rounded and slightly retuse at the apex, subcordate at the base, about 2.5-3 cm. long and 2.4-3.1 cm. wide, concave; claw narrow, auriculate on each side at the base, about 7-10 mm. long. Lateral sepals distinctly longer, prominently clawed; lamina oval or subquadrate-oval, broadly rounded or retuse at the apex, narrowed to the claw, distinctly narrower than the dorsal sepal; claw similar to that of the dorsal sepal, auriculate at the base without. Petals suborbicular-ovate,
FIG. 173.
Oncidium luridum Lindl.
Flowers from a many-flowered panicle;
1.
887
888
30
very shortly and broadly clawed, rounded at the apex, strongly crisped-undulate, distinctly shorter than the dorsal sepal but about equally wide, golden yellow. Lip much smaller than the other segments, triangular in outline, spreading from the base of the column and sharply reflexed near the deeply cordate base, acuminate toward the recurved apex, subsimple with small, rounded and subacute, retrorse, basal (lateral) lobules, nearly 2.5 cm. long when expanded and 1.9 cm. wide at the base, brownish purple on the sides and cream-color in the center; disc with
a stout, retrorse tubercle consisting of 3 basally confluent subequal lamellae and in front with 3 smaller tubercles. Column short, stout, constricted in the middle, about 1 cm. high, with a pair of small, fleshy wings which are flabellate-semiorbicular
and
irregularly bilobed or retuse above.
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Pavon s.n., Mathews 1919. Amazonas: East of Chachapoyas between Tambos Bagazon and AlmiSources of the Maranon, rante, 2400 meters, Weberbauer 4441Warscewicz 131. Chuquiribamba, Andre 4498. Also Colombia and
Ecuador
(type).
Oncidium macranthum
Lindl. var.
hastiferum (Reichb.
f.
&
f.
Warsc.) C. Schweinf., comb. nov.
Oncidium hastiferum Reichb.
&
Warsc. Bonpl. 2: 102. 1854.
This concept, of which no example was available, differs from the species in having at the base of the lip 1 large median keel flanked on each side by a smaller prostrate lamella and in having a pair of narrow, ligulate wings on the column.
Fedde Repert. Beih.
9:
175.
1921.
Ecuador
(type).
Oncidium Mathieuanum
Reichb.
f.
&
Warsc. Allg. Gartenz.
24: 321. 1856; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 260, fig. 21E, 0-6. 1922.
Plant large. Pseudobulb oblong-ovoid, ancipitous, deeply sulcate in the dried specimen, about 8 cm. high, obliquely bifoliate, adorned with violet lines and spots. Leaves unknown. Scape about 90 cm. long, slender, flexuous to arcuate, paniculate above; branches numerous, about 4.5-6 cm. distant, short, 1- to 2-flowered, about 3 cm. or less long. Floral bracts very minute. Pedicellate ovary up to 2 cm. long. Flowers rather small, with wide-spreading segments having a cinnamon central and lower portion with yellow margins. Sepals free, obovate, obtusely acute, cuneate below, about 10 mm. long, 4.5-5 mm. wide. Petals markedly larger, undulate, oblong and obtuse according to Kranzlin. Lip prominently 3-lobed, about 13 mm. long and 8-9 mm. broad near the base (according to Kranzlin), rounded at the sessile base; lateral lobes small, auriculiform, round-obovate; mid-lobe broadly cuneate from a short, broad, semiorbicular claw, lightly retuse at the truncate apex; disc between the lateral (basal) lobes with a high callus which is "ligulate," divergently angled on each side at the base and tridentate in front with the lateral teeth decurrent. Column medium-sized, with a pair of broadly dolabriform ("subtriangular") wings above.
889
Northern Peru: Habitat not recorded, Warscewicz s.n. In the Ames Herbarium there is a drawing of this orchid with floral analysis from the Reichenbach Herbarium.
Oncidium mentigerum
(Reichb.
f.
& Warsc.)
Lindl. Fol. Orch.
Oncidium 34, no. 115. 1855; Cogn. Martius Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6: 371. 1905. Odontoglossum mentigerum Reichb. f. & Warsc. Bonpl. 2: 100. 1854. Cyrtochilum mentigerum Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7 98, in key. 1917, nomen; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV, 50 (Heft 80), 78. 1922. Plant large. Pseudobulbs and leaves unknown in the type. According to Kranzlin (I.e.), the pseudobulbs are numerous, aggregated and obliquely ovoid, and the leaves are narrowly lanceolate or oblanceolate, acuminate, revolute on the termimargins and up to 20 cm. long and 1.8 cm. wide. Scape robust, elongate, nated by an elongate panicle. Panicle loosely many-branched, pyramidal, about
:
cm. 54 cm. high; branches wide-spreading with a fractiflex rachis, about 5-15
Floral bracts minute, triangularlong, the lower branches several-branched. acute. Pedicellate ovary filiform-clavate, up to 12 mm. long. lanceolate, very
Flowers very small, with wide-spreading membranaceous segments. Sepals and bepetals ochraceous. Dorsal sepal oblanceolate, short-acuminate, long-narrowed similar to the low, about 7 mm. long, 2-2.5 mm. wide. Lateral sepals free, very
oblanceodorsal sepal but somewhat longer and narrower, slightly oblique. Petals the dorsal sepal but about late-obovate, acute, long-attenuate below, shorter than acute as wide. Lip about half as long as the lateral sepals, simple, narrowly ovate, mm. or short-acuminate, rounded at the sessile base, lightly concave, yellow, 4.5-5 or 2.5 mm. wide; disc through the lower half with 2 approximate, erect crests long, and attenuate and slightly diverging above. keels which are contiguous below Column short, stout, about 3 mm. high, with a pair of short ("obsolete"), triangular wings.
Peru: Sources of the
Maranon
River, Warscewicz s.n. (type of
Odontoglossum mentigerum). Also Ecuador and Colombia. In the Ames Herbarium there is a photograph of the type from the Lindley Herbarium.
Oncidium minax
Reichb.
f.
minax Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart.
Linnaea 41: 22. 1876. Cyrtochilum Berl. 7: 91, in key. 1917, nomen;
Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 33, fig. 1C, a-d. 1922. Plant apparently large. Pseudobulbs, leaves and scape not recorded. Scape 2 separate ones present in the probably elongate and climbing. Branches (only
severaltype) stout, 13-16 cm. long, apparently once-branched below, loosely flowered. Floral bracts conspicuous, ovate, acute or acuminate, apiculate, deeply concave. Pedicellate ovary slender, spreading, 3-3.5 cm. long, about twice as long as the subtending bracts. Flowers rather large with spreading segments, apparDorsal sepal clawed, about 24 mm. long; ently brown with the paler petals barred. obtuse, cordate at the base, about 16 mm. lamina broadly triangular-ovate, at the base. Lateral sepals marklong and equally wide; claw slender, auriculate
890
30
edly longer than the dorsal sepal, longer-clawed; lamina oblong-ovate, subacute, cuneate at the base, a little longer and narrower than that of the dorsal sepal. Petals ovate-triangular, abruptly dilated from a short broad claw, crisped on the margin, apparently definitely smaller than the sepals. Lip about 13 mm. long
according to Kranzlin, with a prominent narrow claw, deeply 3-partite; lateral lobes erect, obliquely linear or oblanceolate-linear, acute; mid-lobe larger, oblonglinear ("ligulate"), acute; disc at the base of the mid-lobe with 3 rhombic, crenate
keels.
Column
small, angled
on each side at the base, with a pair
of
minute
tri-
angular wings above.
Southern Peru: Habitat not recorded, Pearce s.n. The Ames Herbarium contains a drawing of the type from the Reichenbach Herbarium.
Oncidium nanum
Lindl.
Fl.
& Paxt.
Lindl. Bot. Reg. 28, Misc. 37, no. 30. 1842; Paxt. Fl. Gard. 2: 8, fig. 130. 1851-52; Cogn. Martius
Bras. 3, pt. 6: 375. 1905; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 114. 1922. Oncidium patulum Schltr. Orchis 8: 18, t., 1914.
Plant small to medium-sized.
Pseudobulbs caespitose, very small, thickhigh, unifoliate, concealed by 1 or 2 pairs of small, imbriLeaf broadly elliptic to elliptic-oblong or oblong, cating, evanescent sheaths. acute, more or less long-narrowed to a complicate, channelled, petiole-like base,
cylindric,
up
to 7
mm.
7-23.5 cm. or more long, 2- (rarely) 7 cm. wide. Scape shorter or longer than the leaves, reflexed to arcuate-suberect, about 9-24 cm. long, loosely branched nearly to the base; peduncle up to 8 cm. long, with about 3 very short, amplexicaul, con-
cave sheaths; panicle up to 14 cm. long, with several remote, short, simple branches, the latter densely several- to many-flowered. Floral bracts ovate or ovate-lanceolate, concave, distinctly shorter than the slender pedicellate ovary which is 10 mm.
or less long. Flowers very small, with wide-spreading segments. Sepals and petals yellow or orange, spotted with purplish brown or violet. Dorsal sepal spatulate to obovate, broadly rounded at the apex, concave above, about 7-9 mm. long, 5-6.5 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar but a little longer and narrower, free,
oblique, broadly obtuse. Petals obovate-oblong, oblique, broadly rounded and retuse at the apex, slightly shorter than the dorsal sepal and more or less narrower than either sepal. Lip when expanded slightly longer and much wider than the
sepals, suborbicular-obovate in outline, pandurate-trilobed, lightly retuse at the apex, sessile at the base, about 8.6-9.5 mm. long from the base to the apex on either
side of the retuse middle; basal portion oblate-suborbicular
when expanded with
revolute, semiorbicular sides (lateral lobes), 4-7.6 mm. wide when expanded; midlobe transversely oblong or reniform, retuse, sessile or nearly so, about 6-10.5 mm. wide, yellow; disc between the lateral lobes with a fleshy callus consisting of 2
approximate, suborbicular or triangular-ovoid lobes at the base and an oval-ovate, Column very short and stout, about 2.5bisulcate (tricarinate) lobe in front. 4 mm. high at the back, with a pair of small, obliquely triangular-dentiform wings.
Loreto: Mishuyacu, near Iquitos, 100 meters, epiphyte in forest, King 1296, 10006. San Martin: Juan Jui, Alto Rio Huallaga, about 400 meters, epiphyte in forest, Klug 3871. Also British Guiana (type) and Brazil.
891
Oncidium nubigenum Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 197. 1833; Gard. Chron. (1867) 376; Cogn. & Goos. Diet. Icon. Orch. Oncidium t. 30. 1900; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 130. 1922. Oncidium cucullatum Lindl. Sert. Orch. sub t. 21. 1838; Lindl. & Paxt. Paxt. Fl. Gard. 3: t. 87. 1852-53; Lindl. Fol. Orch. Oncidium 22, no. 69. 1855; Cogn. &'Goos. Diet. Icon. Orch. Oncidium t. 23. 1899. Oncidium cucullatum var. nubigenum Lindl. Fol. Orch. Oncidium 22, no. 69. 1855; Hook. f. Bot. Mag. 94: t. 5708. 1868.
Plant medium-sized to large, variable.
Rhizome abbreviated.
Pseudobulbs
aggregated, narrowly ovoid to pyriform-cylindric, somewhat compressed, 1- or commonly 2-leaved, 3-10 cm. high, clothed below by about 2 pairs of imbricating sheaths of which the upper ones are sometimes leaf-bearing. Leaves linear-elliptic
up
to narrowly oblong or oblanceolate, acute or acuminate, 5-26 (rarely 41) cm. long, to 1.5 (rarely 4) cm. wide. Scape slender, suberect or nodding, up to 25 (rarely
60 or more) cm. long, loosely racemose (rarely paniculate) above; peduncle up to about 22.5 (rarely 53) cm. long, with a few (up to 6) remote, tubular, evanescent sheaths; raceme (rarely compound or paniculate) loosely 3- to 10-flowered or each branch few-flowered. Floral bracts minute, triangular-infundibuliform. Pedicellate ovary 2-2.5 cm. long. Flowers rather small to medium-sized, with wide-spreading
Sepals and petals of variable color, either white and purple spotted or brownish or olive with yellow margins. Dorsal sepal oblong-oval or obovate-oblong ("oblong"), acute to truncate and abruptly acute at the apex, cucullate, about 7.2-15 mm. long, up to 8 mm. wide. Lateral sepals semiconnate or usually connate into a suborbicular-obovate lamina which is slightly longer and distinctly broader than the dorsal sepal, the free apices semiorbicular and apiculate. Petals broadly or narrowly obovate, acute or obtuse at the apex, a little shorter than the dorsal sepal but about as broad or slightly broader. Lip much larger, especially wider, than the other segments, obovate-suborbicular in outline, pandurate-trilobed, retuse in front, cordate at the sessile base, 16-18 mm. long from the base to the tip of an apical lobule, yellowish white more or less spotted with rose, or crimson spotted with purple; basal portion transversely oblong, 9-16 mm. wide, on each side produced into a small, spreading, auriculiform lateral lobe; mid-lobe much larger, broadly flabellate to reniform, retuse and more or less indented on each side in front, cordate or subcuneate below, about 22 (rarely 28) mm. or less wide; disc with a small, 3- or 5-lobulate callus at the base. Column very short and stout, wingless above, about 3 mm. or less high at the back.
segments.
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Lobb
s.n.,
according to Lindley. Also
Ecuador (type
of 0.
nubigenum and 0. cucullatum) and Colombia.

Reichb.
f.
Oncidium obryzatum
Lindl. Fol. Orch.
& Warsc.
Bonpl. 2: 108. 1854;
29, no. 95. 1855; Regel, Gartenfl. 27: t. 925. 1878; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 239, fig. 20B, a-d. 1922.
rhizome.
Oncidium
Plant medium-sized to large, variable, apparently without a long-creeping Pseudobulbs ovoid to cylindric-pyriform, strongly compressed, 1- or 2-leaved, about 4-8 cm. high, clothed at the base by 3 or 4 pairs of imbricating
892
30
sheaths which are progressively larger upward, the upper ones leaf-bearing. Leaves very variable in size, linear-elliptic to linear-oblong, the largest ones 28-52.5 cm. long and 2-2.8 cm. wide, acute, narrowed below to a conduplicate base. Scape commonly elongate, about 24-150 cm. or more long, paniculate above; peduncle about 16-27 cm. or much more in length, commonly stout, provided with several remote, short, close sheaths; panicle about 8.5-100 cm. long, with 4 to numerous branches which are 2-6.5 cm. distant, mostly short and loosely few-flowered with a Floral bracts rather small, ovate, concave, scarious. Flowers fractiflex rachis. small or medium-sized, with wide-spreading segments, yellow with reddish brown spots or bars on the lower half. Dorsal sepal spatulate-cuneate or obovate-oblong, abruptly acute, broadly rounded or subtruncate and retuse at the apex, about 11-14 mm. long, 4.2-6 mm. wide above. Lateral sepals similar but longer and more or less narrower, oblique, free, obtuse to truncate-retuse at the apex. Petals obovate-oblong, very similar to the dorsal sepal but more or less wider, and not so long-attenuate below, oblique, undulate. Lip longer and much wider than the other segments, subquadrate-obovate in outline, pandurate-trilobed, sessile at the subcordate base, prominently bilobed in front, about 12.2-20 mm. long from the base to the tip of an apical lobule, about 8-10 mm. wide at the base (across the lateral lobes) and 11.9-18 mm. wide in front across the anterior lobe; basal portion triangular-subquadrate, from the auriculate, spreading lateral lobes gradually narrowed (clawed) to the mid-lobe; mid-lobe reniform, commonly much wider than the basal part; disc with a small, many-lobed callus at the base. Column small, sigmoid in side view, 4.1-6 mm. high with a pair of prominent, porrect, angulate processes below, and a pair of dolabriform to obliquely subquadrate (often long-acuminate) wings above.
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Warscewicz s.n. (type). Cajamarca, Prov. of Cutervo, above Socota, on Socota River, 2800 meters, epiHorton 10152. Also Colombia, Venezuela, and Ecuador. phyte, Stork
&
Oncidium ochmatochilum
Lindl. Fol. Orch.
Reichb.
f.
Bot. Zeit. 10: 698. 1852;
Oncidium
55, no. 193. 1855; Kranzl. Engler, Pflan-
zenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 219, fig. 19D, a-c. 1922. Oncidium cardiochilum Lindl. Fol. Orch. Oncidium 27, no. 87. 1855. Odontoglossum
cardiochilum Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 286, 288. 1922.
Plant large, stout, up to 2 m. or more tall, variable, without a long-creeping rhizome. Pseudobulb complanate-cylindric or ovoid, bifoliate, about 6-12.5 cm. tall, mostly enveloped by several (up to 5) pairs of imbricating, conduplicate sheaths which are successively larger upward and mostly leaf-bearing. Leaves oblong-linear or lorate to oblanceolate-oblong, acute or acuminate, more or less
narrowed below, up to 67.5 cm. long and 5.6 cm. wide (often much smaller). Scape commonly large, stout, 45-240 cm. long, more or less erect and usually much surpassing the leaves, paniculate above; peduncle 8-41 cm. or more long, commonly with remote, very short, close, tubular sheaths; panicle 37 cm. or much
more
in length, loosely many-branched, with the branches short or elongate, simple or compound, several- to many-flowered, with a very fractiflex rachis. Floral bracts minute, concave, acute. Pedicellate ovary about 3.5 cm. or less

long.
893
Flowers small, variable, with wide-spreading, subfleshy segments, fragrant, green mottled with reddish brown, with white on the lip. Sepals and petals recurved above. Dorsal sepal narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, about 13-20 mm. long and 3-5 mm. wide. Lateral sepals obliquely linear-lanceolate or
acute or acuminate, dorsally carinate, free, a little longer and narrower than the dorsal sepal. Petals ovate-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, distinctly shorter than the dorsal sepal but nearly twice as wide. Lip shorter than the sepals, suborbicular-ovate in outline, deeply panduratetrilobed, sessile at the subcordate base, abruptly apiculate at the rounded or sometimes lightly retuse apex, about 9.8-17 mm. long, about 9.6-15.6 mm. across near the base and 6-14.6 mm. wide in front; lateral lobes small, spreading, auriculiform, rounded, curved forward, abruptly contracted into a broad triangular-subquadrate claw or isthmus; mid-lobe cordate-semiorbicular to reniform, broadly rounded and commonly apiculate at the apex; disc at the base with a large, fleshy, plurituberculate callus. Column short and stout, about 5-6.2 mm. high at the back, with a pair of low, fleshy, porrect angles below and a pair of very inconspicuous, short, broad wings above.
linear-elliptic,
Huanuco: 6 km. south of Tingo Maria, near highway, about 738 meters, epiphyte in moist forest valley, flowers very fragrant, Seibert 2259. San Martin: Zepelacio, near Moyobamba, 1100-1200
meters, epiphyte in forest,
"fls.
white, golden-yellow, violet
and
brown-spotted," Klug 0.24- Also Mexico and Guatemala to
Panama
(type of 0. ochmatochilum) and Colombia (type of 0. cardiochilum).
Oucidium onustum Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 203. 1833; Fol. Orch. Oncidium 12, no. 35. 1855; L. Linden in Lindenia 11: 39, t. 498. 1895; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 208. 1922. Oncidium holochrysum Reichb. f. Hamb. Gartenz. 18: 33. 1862; Williams, Orch.-Grow. Man. ed. 7: 612. 1894.
Plant medium-sized.
Pseudobulbs aggregated, ovoid or oblong-ovoid, com-
pressed, 1- or sometimes 2-leaved, commonly green mottled with brown, 2-4 cm. high, clothed below by 2 or 3 pairs of imbricating sheaths which are successively larger upward, the uppermost leaf-bearing. Leaves oblong or linear-oblong, often
fleshy,
conduplicate in the dried specimen, acute, very slightly narrowed toward the base, very variable in size, 5-12.7 cm. long (according to collector's notes)
and 1-1.8 cm. (2.5 cm. according to Kranzlin) wide. Scape much surpassing the leaves, about 18 to more than 40 cm. long, racemose or rarely paniculate above, commonly nodding toward the summit; peduncle up to 22 cm. or more long,
provided with several short, close, tubular sheaths; inflorescence densely severalto many-flowered, often secund, up to 20 cm. long. Floral bracts very minute. Pedicellate ovary slender, commonly 1.5-2 cm. long. Flowers medium-sized, with wide-spreading segments, entirely yellow. Dorsal sepal strongly cucullate,
ovate or ovate-elliptic, acute or acuminate, 7-7.4 mm. long, nearly 6 mm. wide when forcibly expanded. Lateral sepals free, very similar to the dorsal sepal but
slightly longer
as large as the sepals, suborbicular, broadly
and narrower, oblique, acute and apiculate. Petals nearly twice rounded or lightly retuse and apiculate
894
30
at the apex, with an undulate margin. Lip larger than the petals, suborbicular in outline, deeply 3-Iobed near the base, sessile at the broadly cuneate base, emarginate in front, about 19 mm. or less long from the base to the tip of an apical
about 20 mm. wide near the base and across the middle; lateral (basal) lobes relatively small, spreading, obliquely obovate-oblong, broadly rounded and often subcrenate at the apex; mid-lobe much larger, nearly sessile, reniformlobule,
semiorbicular; disc at the base with a 3-lobulate callus of which the lateral lobules are large, semioval and flat or cochleate and the mid-lobule small and ancipitous.
Column very
short and stout, about 2
mm.
high at the back, with a pair of large,
obliquely semilunate, obtuse wings.
Piura: Negritos, Cerro Negro, Cerro Prieto, 12-20 miles east of Cape Parifias, about 730 meters or more, on crevices of cliffs, on trees
or cacti or at the base of tree trunks,
Haught 123, 184,

and Ecuador.
0466.
Also
Panama and western Colombia
(type),
Oncidium ovatilabium
no. 9: 384,
t.,
C. Schweinf.
Am.
Orch. Soc. Bull. 14,
1946.
Figure 174.
Plant epiphytic, medium-sized. Rhizome stout, concealed by sheaths. Pseudobulbs apparently rather remote, very slender, cylindric, gradually narrowed upward, complanate, 1- or 2-leaved, about 7 cm. or more high, surrounded on each side by 4 or 5 distichous sheaths which are imbricating, conduplicate, successively
longer
upward and mostly
leaf-bearing.
elliptic-oblong, acute or short-acuminate,
more
Leaves linear-oblanceolate to narrowly or less narrowed below (those on
the pseudobulb very gradually narrowed to a conduplicate, petiole-like base), up to 27 cm. long and 2 cm. wide. Scapes in the axil of a sheath, stout, suberect, more or less surpassing the leaves; peduncle 19-33 cm. long, with 2 or 3 remote, very short and close, tubular sheaths; inflorescence a virgate panicle 16-49 cm.
long, consisting of 6-14 short, densely flowered, wide-spreading branches, the lower ones 4.5-9.2 cm. distant; main rachis above and that of branches strongly
fractiflex.
Floral bracts conspicuous, round-ovate, deeply concave, obtuse. Flownumerous, very small for the genus, fragrant, with wide-spreading or reflexed segments, brownish yellow with the central part [lip] dark red or reddish brown. Dorsal sepal spatulate or oblong-spatulate, rounded at the apex, adnate to the column below, the free part 7-7.4 mm. long, about 3 mm. wide. Lateral sepals
ers
oblanceolate,
longer and
more or less oblique, subacute, dorsally commonly narrower than the dorsal sepal.
carinate above, distinctly Petals obliquely oval or
obovate-oval, broadly obtuse or rounded at the apex, obliquely adnate to the column, about equally long with the dorsal sepal but markedly wider. Lip simple, strongly convex, ovate, sessile at the rounded base, obtuse at the concave apex,
about 8 mm. long, 6.4-7.8 mm. wide when forcibly expanded; disc through the lower half with a broadly oblong, lightly bisulcate (i.e., tricarinate) thickening. Column relatively large, stout, acute at the tip, without distinct wings, about
3-3.9
mm.
high at the back.
Hudnuco: Yanano, about 1800 meters, on mossy tree, Macbride 3844 (type). Huacachi, near Muna, about 2000 meters, in "montana," Macbride 4102.
ONCIDIUM
odaiiCafrium
front, natural position;
Oncidium ovatilabium C. Schweinf. 1, plant; X %. 2, flower from X 3. 3, column and lip, oblique view; X 4. 4, lip somewhat expanded, from above; X 4.
FIG. 174.
895
896
30
Papilio Lindl. Bot. Reg. 11: t. 910. 1825; Hook. Bot. 2795. 1828; Cogn. & Goos. Diet. Icon. Orch. Oncidium t. 3. 1896; Cogn. Martius Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6: 424, t. 91. 1906; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 170. 1922.
Oncidium
55:
t.
Mag.
Plant large, showy. Pseudobulbs aggregated, rather small, suborbicular, strongly compressed, about 3-5 cm. high, unifoliate, clothed at the base by several Leaf oval to ellipticpairs of evanescent, ovate-triangular, scarious sheaths.
coriaceous, acute, rather long-narrowed to a complicate base, about 12-22 cm. long, 4-7 cm. wide, green mottled with brown. Scape many times longer than the leaves, ascending or spreading, 60-120 cm. long; peduncle elongate, not thickened at the joints but terete and clothed below with numerous remote, short, close, evanescent, tubular sheaths, above dilated, strongly compressed and often bialate; inflorescence simple or somewhat branched, each branch densely few-flowered with 1 or 2 flowers opening at once. Floral bracts short, broadly triangular, strongly concave. Pedicellate ovary abbreviated. Flower very large, with wide-spreading, membranaceous segments. Dorsal sepal oblanceolate-linear, acute, with slightly undulate margins, purplish-brown, sparsely mottled with greenish yellow, about 8-13 cm. long and 5-7 mm. wide. Lateral sepals free, oblong-lanceolate, falcate-decurved, obtuse to short-acuminate, strongly crispedundulate on the margins, much shorter and about three or more times as wide as the dorsal sepal, brown and yellow in transverse bands. Petals very similar to the dorsal sepal but apparently slightly shorter and narrower. Lip slightly shorter and much broader than the lateral sepals, broadly obovate in outline, pandurate-trilobed below the middle, truncate-subcordate at the sessile base, commonly lightly emarginate in front, 3.5-6 cm. long from the base to either side of the apex, 1.8-2.7 cm. wide across the lateral lobes at the base and 3-6 cm. wide across the mid-lobe in front; lateral lobes relatively small, spreading, semiorbicular to semiovate, more or less abruptly narrowed in front to the short broad claw, somewhat undulate on the margins; mid-lobe much larger, suborbicular to transversely suborbicular-oval, with the margins strongly crisped-undulate, yellow and reddish-brown more or less mottled with yellow and the center yellow; disc at the base with a fleshy ovate or ovate-lanceolate, obscurely 3-lobed callus. Column small, slender, 7-10 mm. high, with a pair of prominent, porrect wings which have the posterior lobe linear-subulate and capitate at the tip and the
oblong,
anterior lobe relatively large, obliquely triangular-ovate
and
laciniate in front.
Loreto: Tarapoto, 400 meters, epiphyte, Vie 6607. Also Panama(?), Trinidad (type), Venezuela, and northern Brazil.
Oncidium pardothyrsus
ar-b.
Reichb.
f.
& Warsc.
Bot. Zeit. 15: 158.

fig.
1857; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 273,

1922.
23A,
Plant large, showy. Pseudobulbs (according to Kranzlin) large, flat, ridged, resembling those of O. suavis Lindl. Leaves unrecorded. Scapes probably 90 cm. or more long, not climbing, paniculate above; peduncle provided with distant,
scarious, short sheaths
(according to Kranzlin); panicle narrow and elongate, many-flowered, with numerous short, remote branches which are 6 cm. or less

distant,
897
about 4 cm. long (up to 10 cm. long, according to Kranzlin), simple, apparently 2- to 4-flowered. Floral bracts rather conspicuous, ovate, acute or acuminate. Pedicellate ovary 2.5 cm. or less long. Flowers rather small, with wide-spreading segments. Dorsal sepal with a short narrow claw, apparently about 10 mm. long; lamina broadly oblong-ovate, obtuse, about 5 mm. wide, strongly undulate, chestnut-brown with a yellow border near and at the apex. Lateral sepals free, similar but somewhat shorter and longer-clawed according to Kranzlin. Petals similar to the lateral sepals. Lip much shorter than the sepals, obovate-suborbicular in outline, pandurate-trilobed near the middle, 7 mm. long, 5.5 mm. wide near the base and 6 mm. wide in front according to Kranzlin, sessile with a subtruncate base, retuse in front, yellow with a broad chestnut band across the basal half; lateral lobes short, semiovate- triangular, broadly obtuse without, narrowed above to a short broad isthmus; mid-lobe cordate-reniform ("transversely oblong"); disc at the base with a large, velvety, multituberculate callus which is 3-lobulate in front. Column very short and stout, with a pair of short, fleshy angles below and a pair of short, subquadrate wings above.
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Warscewicz s.n., according to Kranzlin.

several floral analyses.
s.n. (type).
Also Wallis
The Ames Herbarium contains a sketch
of this species, with
Oncidium pentadactylon
Lindl.
Ann.
& Mag.
Nat. Hist. 15:
383. 1845; Fol. Orch. Oncidium 42, no. 136. 1855; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 181. 1922.
Plant large, epiphytic, forming large clumps. Pseudobulbs ovoid to narrowly ovoid, more or less compressed, bifoliate, up to 7 cm. high, clothed below by 1 or 2 pairs of slightly longer, scarious sheaths of which the upper ones are occasionally
Leaves lanceolate-elliptic, up to 17.6 cm. long and 3.4 cm. wide leaf-bearing. (up to 30 cm. long and 2 cm. wide according to Kranzlin), acute or short-acuminate, gradually narrowed to a complicate base. Scape elongate, up to 79 cm. long
(said to reach 3
m.
in length),
much
surpassing the leaves, suberect to arcuate,
loosely paniculate above; peduncle about 21 cm. or more long, provided with 2 or 3 remote, short, close tubular sheaths; panicle very long with branches more or
less
remote (up to 8.5 cm. distant), loosely few- to many-flowered, the lower ones
rachis of all fractiflex. Floral bracts lanceolate-triangular, concave, scarious. Pedicellate ovary 1.7 cm. or less long, much surpassing the subtending bract. Flowers of two kinds, all with wide-spreading or reflexed segments, yellow blotched with brownish purple in the lower part. Sterile flowers very small, with 5 oblong-oblanceolate, subequal segments. Fertile flowers much Dorsal sepal oblanceolate-oblong, abruptly larger, medium-sized for the genus.
acute, about 10.2-11.5 mm. long (7 mm. long according to Kranzlin) and 3-3.8 mm. wide. Lateral sepals obliquely linear-oblanceolate, abruptly acute at the apex,
(rarely shorter) and somewhat narrower Petals lanceolate-oblong or pandurate-oblong, slightly shorter (rarely longer) and broader than the dorsal sepal, oblique. Lip commonly shorter than the lateral sepals, pandurate-trilobed, sessile at the minutely auriculate base, retuse or lightly emarginate and often apiculate in front, about 11.6-14 mm.
compound and the
commonly lightly falcate, markedly longer

than the dorsal sepal.
898
long (9-10
30
mm. long and 6 mm. wide according to Kranzlin) from the base to the an apical lobule, about 8.6-14 mm. wide across the basal portion (lateral lobes) and 10.4-16 mm. wide across the anterior part (mid-lobe); lateral lobes oblong-auriculate or round-auriculate, retrorse, unguiculate-narrowed to the midtip of
much larger than the lateral lobes, transversely oval-oblong to cordate-reniform; disc at the base with a multituberculate callus, usually having 3 tubercles in front. Column very small, sigmoid when viewed from the side,
lobe; mid-lobe
about 3.2 mm. high at the back, below with a pair of porrect, fleshy angles and above with a pair of conspicuous, dolabriform or transversely oblong, more or
less bilobed wings.
Cajamarca,
fide Schlechter,
Fedde Repert. Beih.
9: 176. 1921.
Ecuador
(type),
Colombia and Venezuela.
et Sp. 1: 346, t. 81. 1816; Orch. 201. 1833; Fol. Orch. Oncidium 28, no. 89. Sp. 1855; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 193. 1922. Oncidium falcicorne Reichb. f. in sched., fide Kranzl. I.e.
Oncidium pictum HBK. Nov. Gen.
Lindl. Gen.
&
Plant large. Pseudobulb oblong-ovoid, subcompressed, bifoliate, about 7.5-8 cm. high, clothed below by several pairs of imbricating, conduplicate sheaths which are progressively larger and leaf-bearing upward. Leaves linear or linear-oblong, obtuse to acute, gradually narrowed below to a complicate base, about 25-30 cm. long and 2.5 cm. wide. Scape erect, about twice as long as the leaves, paniculate above, about 60 cm. long; peduncle with several remote, close, short sheaths; panicle many-flowered, with several subremote branches which are spreading, short, simple and few- (2- to 3-) flowered, with a fractiflex rachis. Bracts triangular or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, concave, much shorter than the pedicellate ovary which is about 2 cm. long. Flowers medium-sized, with wide-spreading segments, yellow with red or purplish spots. Dorsal sepal oblanceolate, acute, lightly unlin).
dulate on the margins, 1.3 cm. long and about 3 mm. wide (according to KranzLateral sepals similar but apparently a little narrower, free, oblique. Petals
oblong or ligulate, obtuse, about equally long but somewhat wider than the sepals. Lip slightly exceeding the sepals, pandurate-trilobed, sessile at the cordate base, retuse at the apex, subquadrate in outline, about 1.5 cm. long, 6-7 mm. wide across the lateral lobes at the base and 1.5 cm. wide in front according to Kranzlobes small, triangular-semiovate, apparently abruptly narrowed to a rather long isthmus; mid-lobe much larger, cordate-reniform; disc at the base with a large crest consisting of 7-8 minute tubercles. Column small, sigmoid when viewed from the side, below with a pair of prominent, porrect, semiobovate
lin; lateral
plates
and above with a pair
of erect-ascending,
narrowly triangular or subulate
wings.
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Mathews 1920, fide Lindley.
Also
Colombia (type) and Ecuador.
Oncidium polyadenium
1855.
Lindl. Fol. Orch.
Oncidium
27, no. 86.
Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 241. 1922.

Plant large.
the type.
899
Pseudobulbs, leaves and lower part of the scape unknown in Scape stout, adorned with several short, close, remote sheaths, the portion present up to about 15 cm. high; inflorescence a large pyramidal panicle, many-flowered, about 24 cm. high; branches spreading, simple, up to 10 cm. long, few-flowered above, with a fractiflex rachis. Floral bracts small, triangular, acuminate, much shorter than the slender pedicellate ovary which is up to 3 cm. Flowers rather large, with wide-spreading segments, apparently wholelong. Dorsal sepal cuneate-obovate, retuse or broadly obtuse, about colored, yellow. 12.5 mm. long and 7 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar but a little longer, free, Petals similar to the dorsal sepal but much longer and broader than oblique. either sepal, oblong-obovate, retuse. Lip about as long as the lateral sepals or longer, pandurate-trilobed, sharply indented at about the middle of each side,
subquadrate or oblong-obovate in outline, sessile at the cordate base, retuse at the apex, about 14-17 mm. long from the base to the tip of an apical lobule, about 9-12 mm. wide across the basal portion and 11-21 mm. wide in front; lateral lobes indistinct, spreading, semiorbicular with undulate-crenate margins; mid-lobe broader, reniform or transversely oval; disc at the base with a large, multipapillose callus (papillae in 5 rows) extended in front into several crenateColumn small, dentate keels, and with several separate warts on each side. with a pair of spreading semiobovate dilations below and with a pair of semiovatedolabriform, retuse or crenate wings above.
Two collections from Ecuador (Espinosa 1607, 1798), which have been referred to this species, furnish the following vegetative characters: Plant rather large, forming rosettes, 50-80 cm. tall. Pseudobulbs small, entirely concealed by several
which are mostly leaf-bearing and are progressively larger upward. Leaves oblong or elliptic-oblong, up to 55 cm. long and 5 cm. wide, acute or subacuminate.
pairs of imbricating, conduplicate sheaths
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Lobb
s.n. (type).
Amazonas: Cha-
chapoyas, Cerro
Puma
Urco, Soukup 4094-
Also Ecuador.
The Ames Herbarium

an analysis
of the lip
contains a photograph of the type, with
and column.
(L.)
Oncidium pusillum
Cogn. Martius
Reichb.
f.
Walp. Ann.
6: 714. 1863;
Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6: 430,
t.
62, fig. 1. 1906; Kranzl.
Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 99. 1922. Epidendrum pusillum L. Spec. PI. ed. 2. 1352. 1763. Cymbidium pusillum Sw. Nov. Act. Ups. 6: 74. 1799. Oncidium iridifolium HBK. Nov. Gen. et Sp. 1:
344. 1816.
Figure 175.
Plant small, caespitose, very variable, up to 8 cm. high. Stems abbreviated, entirely concealed by a flabelliform or suborbicular cluster of leaves which are imbricated at the base. Leaves equitant, more or less oblique and falcate, linear, linear-oblong to oblong-elliptic or rarely elliptic (often slightly broader above the middle), acute or rarely obtuse, up to 7 cm. long and (rarely) 1.2 cm. wide. Scapes subequaling the leaves, axillary and often several to a plant, more or less flattened and narrowly bialate above, terminating in an abbreviated 1- to 6-flowered raceme. Floral bracts short, conduplicate-triangular, dorsally carinate, shorter than the
900
30
FIG. 175.
Oncidium pusillum
(L.) Reichb.
f.
Plant;
1.
pedicellate ovary which is 6- winged and 8 mm. or less long. Flower variable, large for the plant, membranaceous, with wide-spreading segments, yellow often with
orange, red-brown or purplish spots. Dorsal sepal relatively small, elliptic to obovate or suborbicular, acute, apiculate to broadly rounded at the tip, dorsally carinate, 5-6 mm. long, 2.2-4.5 mm. wide. Lateral sepals obliquely lanceolate, acute or acuminate, apiculate, concave, dorsally carinate, a little shorter (longer
according to Cogniaux) and much narrower than the dorsal sepal. Petals much longer and broader than the dorsal sepal, elliptic-oblong to obliquely roundobovate, acute, apiculate or rounded at the apex, undulate. Lip much larger than the other segments, pandurate-trilobed, sessile with an auriculate base, retuse to bilobed at the apex, about 13.2-18.5 mm. long from the base to the tip of an apical lobe, about 12-18 mm. wide across the lateral lobes near the
base and 10.8-22 mm. wide across the mid-lobe; lateral lobes relatively small, spreading, suborbicular or obovate-suborbicular; mid-lobe much larger, from a short broad claw semiorbicular, more or less indented in the middle of each side (and thus 4-lobed) disc at the base with a prominent, 3-lobed callus of which the
;
lateral lobes are broad, lobulate
and
flat
Column very
short and stout, about 1.5-2
and the mid-lobe longer and convex. mm. or more high at the back, semi-
901
orbicular-dilated on each side below, with a pair of prominent, semiorbicularflabellate, crenulate or deeply dentate wings above.
Junin: Along Rio Perene, near "Hacienda 3," Colonia Perene, about 600 meters, in forest, Smith 25171. Colonia Perene, 590 meters, Hitchcock 22105. Killip Chanchamayo Valley, 1000 meters, Schunke 556; 700 meters, Schunke 1665. Hacienda Schunke, La Merced, about 1230 meters, Macbride 5600. Puerto Bermudez, about 375 meters, epiphyte in dense forest, Smith 26519. Loreto: Bajo Amazonas, Gamitanacocha, Rio Killip
Peru: Habitat not recorded, MacLean ter, Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 176. 1921.
s.n.
Huanuco,
fide Schlech-
&
&
Mazan, 100-125 meters, Schunke 135; Vargas 4673. Caballo-Cocha on the Amazon River, Williams 2028. Lower Rio Huallaga, Fortaleza, Yurimaguas, 155-210 meters, Williams 4326. Mishuyacu, near Iquitos, 100 meters, epiphyte in dense forest, Killip & Smith 29896; Klug 893; Pebas, Rand s.n. Vicinity of Iquitos, 100 meters, Klug 10102. VicinSan Marity of Iquitos, Rancho Indiana, 110 meters, Mexia 6436. tin: Prov. of Lamas, Trocha Agua Blanca-Desquite, on road to
Tarapoto, 600-800 meters, in tropical forest, Ferreyra 7973. Prov. of Mariscal Caceres, "Frente a Puerto Huicte, entre Tingo Maria y Juanjui," in tropical forest, 500-550 meters, Ferreyra 4409. Also Mexico, through Central America and the West Indies to Surinam
(type of Epidendrum pusillum), Colombia, Brazil, Bolivia and Peru.
Oncidium pyramidale
Lindl.
Ann.
& Mag.
Nat. Hist. 15: 384.
1845; Fol. Orch. Oncidium 29, no. 98. 1855; Veitch, Man. Orch. PI. 8: 73. 1892; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 195, fig. 16J, a-c. 1922. Oncidium chrysopyramis Reichb. f. & Warsc. Bonpl. 2:
108. 1854; Lindl. Fol. Orch.
Oncidium
29, no. 97. 1855; Veitch,
Man.
Orch.
196,
PL
8: 25. 1892; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80),
fig.
16F, a-d. 1922.

Pseudobulbs aggregated (according to Kranzlin), ovoid
Plant medium-sized.
to narrowly ovoid-cylindric, compressed, 1- to 3-leaved, 2.5-7.3 cm. high, clothed at the base with 2 or 3 pairs of scarious, imbricating, conduplicate sheaths (often evanescent), which are successively larger upward, the uppermost leaf-bearing.
Leaves elliptic-oblong to oblanceolate, acute or short-acuminate, more or less long-narrowed to a complicate base, 11-21.5 cm. long, 1.5-3 cm. wide, those on the pseudobulb largest. Scape from the axil of a basal sheath, much longer than the leaves, 32-45 (sometimes 60) cm. long, suberect, often somewhat arcuate
above, terminating in a rather narrow, loose, many-flowered panicle; peduncle 16-24.5 cm. long, provided with a few remote, short, close sheaths; panicle about 16-32 cm. long, with numerous branches which are short or very short and either simple and few-flowered or branched and many-flowered, with a fractiflex rachis. Floral bracts minute, triangular, much shorter than the slender pedicellate ovary
902
FIELDI ANA: BOTANY,

is
VOLUME
30
Flowers small, yellow, fragrant, with wide-spreading Dorsal sepal oblanceolate-oblong, "oval," broadly obtuse, about 7.5 mm. long (5-6.5 mm. long according to Kranzlin) and 2.7 mm. wide. Lateral sepals free, linear-oblanceolate, oblique, acute or subacute, narrower and slightly longer than the dorsal sepal. Petals oblong-ovate, commonly abruptly acute or apiculate, about as long as the dorsal sepal but nearly twice as broad. Lip much larger than the other segments, pandurate-trilobed, sessile at the abruptly auriculate base, bilobed in front, about 10.5-12.5 mm. long (8 mm. long according to Kranzlin) from the base to the apex of an anterior lobule, about 9.8-11.3 mm. wide across the lateral lobes near the base and about 7.5-8.5 mm. wide across the mid-lobe; lateral lobes suborbicular-auriculate, reflexed, gradually narrowed to the claw in front; mid-lobe reniform or obovate-reniform, rather abruptly dilated from the claw, bilobed in front; disc at the base with a large,
which
10
mm.
or less long.
or reflexed segments.
Column small, plurituberculate callus having 3 prominent tubercles in front. strongly sigmoid when viewed from the side, about 3.4 mm. high at the back,
below with a pair
cuneate,
of porrect, semiorbicular plates,
less divergently bilobed
more or
above with a pair of narrowly wings and with a prominent, recurved,
linear-triangular, rostellar process.
Cajamarca, fide Schlechter, Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 176. 1921. Also Colombia (type of 0. pyramidale and 0. chrysopyramis) and Ecuador.
The Ames Herbarium contains a photograph of the type of 0. pyramidale and drawings of the type of 0. chrysopyramis.
Lindl. Bot. Reg. 23: sub t. 1920, no. 6. Lindl. Paxt. Paxt. Flow. Card. 2: 9, no. 265, fig. 136. 18511837; 2; Lindl. Fol. Orch. Oncidium 42, no. 138. 1855; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 185, fig. 16D. 1922.
Oncidium retusum
&
Plant variable, medium-sized to large. Pseudobulbs often crowded, ellipsoid to fusiform-cylindric or pyriform-cylindric, commonly 2-leaved (rarely 1-leaved), strongly compressed, 3-8 cm. high, concealed below by several pairs of imbricating,
conduplicate, scarious sheaths (later evanescent) which are successively larger Leaves oblanceolate to oblongupward, and frequently leaf-bearing above. oblanceolate (rarely elliptic), 8-50 cm. long, 2.1-4.5 cm. wide, (much larger on the pseudobulb), acute to short-acuminate, commonly gradually narrowed below to a conduplicate, often petiole-like base. Scape much exceeding the leaves, about 34-94.5 (up to 120, fide collector's notes) cm. long, suberect, paniculate and manyflowered above; peduncle about 18-32 cm. long, with 2-4 remote, short, close sheaths; panicle more or less elongate, about 20-68 cm. long, with remote, short branches which are simple or compound, few- to many-flowered, with the rachis
strongly fractiflex. Floral bracts very small, triangular or triangular-lanceolate, concave, much shorter than the pedicellate ovary which is 1.7 cm. or less long. Flowers of two kinds; sterile flowers more or less numerous, relatively small,
with 5 subequal, spatula te-cuneate segments, yellow with purplish-red blotches; much larger, with wide-spreading or reflexed segments, yellow or greenish yellow mottled or blotched with purplish red. Dorsal sepal cuneatespatulate, broadly rounded or lightly retuse at the apex, about 11.3-12.6 mm.
fertile flowers

long, 3.9-4.4
903
Lateral sepals similar, slightly shorter and narrower, and dorsally mucronate at the apex, free, retuse and apiculate or dorsally suboblique. Petals obovate-oblong, lightly clawed, wider than the mucronate at the apex, oblique, slightly shorter and distinctly undulate. Lip much larger than the other dorsal sepal, with the margins lightly sessile at the subtruncate base, bilobed in front segments, pandurate-trilobed, mm. long from the base to the with lightly overlapping lobules, about 12-13.2 wide across the lateral lobes at the base, of an apical lobule, 11-11.6 mm. tip lobes semitriangular, broadly 12-12 2 mm. wide across the terminal lobe; lateral in front forming a claw-like rounded and spreading without, much narrowed bilobed; disc at the base with a isthmus; mid-lobe cordate-reniform, deeply Column callus terminating in 3 prominent tubercles. large, plurituberculate more or less sigmoid when viewed from the side,
mm.
wide.
broadly rounded or
slightly retuse
very 'short, dilated upward, a pair of porrect, bluntly angular about 4 mm. high at the back, below with a pair of broadly dolabriform, lacerate-dentate, more or plates and above with
less
bilobed wings.
Amazonas: Near Mt. Pariahuanca, Mathews 1066 (type). Cajain low woods, marca: Prov. of Chota, near Huambos, 2200 meters, between Sta. Rita and of Urubamba, Ferreyra 8408Cuzco: Prov. 2200 meters, on open grassy slope, Vargas 2639. HuaTuncapata, 2460 meters, on tree nuco: Cani, "7 miles N.E. of Mito," about
Junin: Huacapistana, about 1800 meters, trunk, Macbride 3434 Smith 24287. Also epiphyte in densely forested valleys, Kittip
&
Bolivia.
Oncidium Sanderae
Bot.
Mag. 137:
t.
67. 1910; Rolfe, Card. Chron. ser. 3, 48: Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 8374. 1911;
(Heft 80), 171. 1922. Plant medium-sized to
Pseudobulbs often aggregated, orbicular-ovoid 2.5-6 cm. high, unifoliate, clothed to oblong-ovoid, more or less compressed, sheaths. Leaf elliptic several pairs of evanescent, imbricating when young by to rounded at the apex, complicate at the sessile to oblong-elliptic or oblong, acute cm. long, 3.1-8 cm. wide. Scape suberect to base, brown-reticulated, 10-45 about 25-80 cm. long, densely few- to severalarcuate, much exceeding the leaves, and sometimes dilated above, flowered at the apex, terete below, compressed short, close, evanescent sheaths. with 5 or more, not swollen joints producing much shorter than the Floral bracts oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, concave, about 2.5-5 cm. long. Flowers large and showy, with pedicellate ovary which is Dorsal sepal linear-oblanceolate, acute or wide-spreading segments, successive. cm. long, 5.5-8 mm. wide above, reddish brown. short-acuminate, about 5.5-10 Lateral sepals decurved, free, lanceolate-oblong, acute, oblique, craped-undulate 1-2 cm. wide. Petals on the margins, yellow with red spots, 4-7 cm. long, about and narrower, oblique, similar to the dorsal sepal but somewhat shorter very reddish brown. Lip much shorter and broader than the
large.
acute or short-acuminate, other segments, pandurate-trilobed,
sessile at the subtruncate base, broadly 3-4 cm. long, about 1.5 cm. or more broad across the rounded in front, about lateral lobes semiorbicular, lateral lobes, and 2-3 cm. broad across the mid-lobe;
904
30
spreading, crisped-undulate, yellow with red-brown spots; mid-lobe suborbicular with a pronounced claw, crisped-undulate, yellow with reddish brown spots near the margin; disc at the base with a small, 5-lobed callus. Column very short,
clavate, 8-10 mm. high, above with a pair of broad wings which are long-pectinate with glandular tips.
Junin:
Loreto:
seriche,
Chanchamayo
Valley, 1200 meters, Schunke s.n., 1304-
Pongo de Man(type). 160 meters, in rain-forest, Tessmann 4159. Puerto Mele"ndez, below Pongo de Manseriche, 155 meters, in rain-forest, Tessmann
Moyobamba
district, Forget s.n.
4752.
Oncidium Schillerianum
Martius
50 (Heft 80), 280,
fig.
Reichb.
f.
Bonpl. 2: 91. 1854; Cogn.
Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6: 400. 1906; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV.
23J, a-b. 1922.
Plant large, climbing. Pseudobulbs rather distant on an obliquely creeping rhizome, subtetragonous (according to Kranzlin), oblong-ovoid, bifoliate, about 5 cm. high, clothed at the base by 2 pairs of imbricating sheaths of which the upper one is leaf-bearing. Leaves oblong, subacute and obliquely bilobed at the apex, narrowed at the complicate base, up to 15 cm. long, 3.3 cm. wide. Scape
very long, climbing, much exceeding the leaves, 60-120 cm. long, terminating in an elongate narrow, very loose panicle which becomes flexuous above; branches Floral lax, short, mostly 2- to 4-flowered, often twice or three times branching. bracts minute, triangular, acute, much shorter than the slender, pedicellate ovary which is about 2 cm. long. Flowers numerous, small, with wide-spreading or reflexed segments, greenish yellow transversely mottled with brown. Dorsal sepal oblong or oblanceolate-oblong, subacute or apiculate, narrowed below, about 15 mm. long and 4-5 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar but a little longer, narrower and more acute, free. Petals similar to the dorsal sepal but a little wider, oblong or oblanceolate-oblong, acute or obtuse, undulate on the margin. Lip longer and much broader than the other segments, pandurate-trilobed, sessile at the broad base, emarginate to bilobed in front, about 18 mm. long and more than 20 mm. wide near the front (according to Kranzlin); lateral lobes semitriangular or semiovate, rounded at the subretrorse outer margin, retuse on the posterior margin, narrowed in front to form a short, broad claw; mid-lobe much larger, cordatereniform, retuse; disc at the base with a large, multituberculate callus with 3 tubercles in front. Column small, lightly sigmoid when viewed from the side, dilated on each side near the base, above with a pair of broadly dolabriform, lobulate or dentate wings which are acute at each end.
Cajamarca: Prov. of Chota, between Huambos and Montan, 2300-2600 meters, epiphytic on (and between) bushes, Weberbauer 4210, fide Kranzlin, I.e. Habitat of type uncertain; introduced by Consul Schiller.
material of this species was available, but the Ames Herbarium contains sketches of the plant with floral analyses from the
No
905
Oncidium serpens
Lindl. Gen.
8,
&
Paxt. Paxt. Flow. Card. 2:
no. 254,
Sp. Orch. 204. 1833; Lindl. & fig. 125. 1851-52; Lindl. Fol.
Orch. Oncidium 36, no. 121. 1855; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 168. 1922.
Plant small, slender, with an elongate, filiform, creeping and flexuous stem or rhizome. Pseudobulbs about 8-12 cm. distant, unifoliate, oblong-ovoid, apparently 2 cm. or less high (2.5-3 cm. high, according to Kranzlin), clothed below by several relatively large, unequal, sometimes leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves
elliptic or oblong-elliptic, acute,
like base,
up
to 5 cm. long, 1.3-1.7 cm. wide (those

little
narrowed below to a complicate, often petioleon the pseudobulbs much the
exceeding the leaves, diffuse, loosely 2- to 3-flowered above. much shorter than the slender pedicellate ovary which is about 1.5 cm. long. Flowers small, with wide-spreading segments, yellow, mottled with chestnut-brown. Dorsal sepal oblong-obovate, obtuse, 10-15 mm. long, about 5 mm. wide above. Lateral sepals obliquely oblanceolate-oblong, a little longer and distinctly narrower than the dorsal sepal. Petals very similar to the dorsal sepal, about equally long and wide or wider, oblique. Lip simple, pandurate-oblong, truncate-obtuse or lightly retuse in front, about 12 mm. long and 7 mm. wide near the apex; disc at the base with 2 parallel keels which
largest).
Scapes a
Floral bracts very minute, concave,
are obtuse-angled when viewed from the side. about 4 mm. high, apparently wingless.
Column
small, marginate, clavate,
Peru(?): Patacocha, on the road to Esmeraldas, about 1800

ters,
me-
on tree trunks, Hall

this species
s.n.
The Ames Herbarium contains a photograph and pen and ink

drawing of
from the Lindley Herbarium.
Lindl. Sert. Orch. sub t. 48, no. 17. 1842; Paxt. Paxt. Flow. Card. 1: 28, no. 42, fig. 15. 1850-51; Batem. Bot. Mag. 93: t. 5632. 1867; Veitch, Man. Orch. PI. OnLindl.
Oncidium serratum
&
cidium 8: 77. 1892. Oncidium Sanderianum Rolfe, Kew Bull. (1893) 337. Cyrtochilum serratum Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: 93, in key. 1917, nomen; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 45.
1922.
Plant very large. Pseudobulbs often aggregated and set obliquely on a stout rhizome, oblong-ovoid or pyriform-cylindric (more rarely oval), more or less compressed, bifoliate (rarely unifoliate), 8-13 cm. high, clothed at the base by 2 or 3 pairs of imbricating sheaths which are successively larger upward, the upper ones leaf-bearing. Leaves linear-oblanceolate, acute or short-acuminate, longnarrowed to a channelled, petioled base, about 40-57 cm. long and 4 cm. wide. Scape elongate, twining, up to 4 m. long, very loosely paniculate above, the
branches 13-25 cm. apart, loosely few- (3- to 6-) flowered, with a fractiflex rachis. Floral bracts ovate-oblong, strongly concave, more or less obtuse, much shorter than the slender pedicellate ovary which is 4-6 cm. long. Flowers large, with wide-spreading or reflexed segments. Sepals brown with yellow tips and margins. Dorsal sepal abruptly clawed, about 1.6-2.7 cm. long; lamina cordate-reniform or semiorbicular, rounded at the apex, denticulate on the strongly crisped-undulate
906
30
obtuse, strongly crisped-undulate margins, much longer and narrower than the lamina of the dorsal sepal; claw rather gradually dilated into the lamina, auricled at the base on the outer side. Petals much smaller than the sepals, connivent in natural position, from a short, broad claw oblong-ovate, broadly obtuse or rounded at the
margin, about 1.3-2.2 cm. long, 2.4-3.3 cm. wide; claw rather short, auricled on each side at the base. Lateral sepals much longer than the dorsal sepal and longerclawed; lamina obliquely ovate or rhombic-ovate, denticulate on the
apex, shortly fimbriate on the strongly undulate margins, brown below with the upper portion yellow. Lip relatively very small, 3-lobed, broadly lanceolate in outline, about 1.5 cm. long and 1 cm. wide across the lateral lobes, purplish-brown with a white margin; lateral lobes small, obliquely triangular, acute, wide-spreading, reflexed, in front narrowed with bulging sides and then constricted to form the midlobe; mid-lobe much larger, oblanceolate, acute or obtuse; disc at the base with a large, rectangular crest which is outwardly denticulate, consisting of 3-5 more or less distinct parallel keels and with a fleshy callus below on the median line. Column very small, 5-8 mm. high, with a pair of fleshy, rounded projections below and with a pair of narrowly cuneate or falcate-linear, apically denticulate wings above.
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Ruiz Pavdn s.n. (type of 0. serratum). Habitat unknown, imported by F. Sander & Co. (type of 0. Sanderianuni) Cajamarca, Huanuco, fide Schlechter, Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 177. 1921. Also Ecuador.
&
The Ames Herbarium contains a drawing of the type with floral analyses from the Lindley Herbarium.
Oncidium sessile Lindl. & Paxt. Paxt. Flow. Card. 1: 101, t. 21. 1850-51; Warner & Williams, Orch. Alb. 5: t. 228. 1886; Veitch, Man. Orch. PI. Oncidium 8: 78. 1892; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 256. 1922.
Plant large and showy. Pseudobulbs more or less aggregated, oblong-ovoid, compressed, bifoliate, 5-10 cm. high, clothed at the base with 2 or 3 pairs of imbricating sheaths which are successively larger upward, the ones
upper leaf-bearing. Leaves linear-oblong or lorate, subacute to acute (acuminate, according to Kranzlin), slightly narrowed to a complicate base, about 20-37.5 cm. long, up to 2.5 cm. wide, those on the pseudobulb much the larger. Scape erect, stout, surpassing the leaves, about 30-60 cm. tall, paniculate through the upper half; panicle loose, with
short, spreading, loosely few- (3- to 5-) flowered branches. Floral bracts short, triangular-ovate, concave, acute, much shorter than pedicellate ovary which is 3-4 cm. long. Flowers rather small, with wide-spreading segments, yellow with
numerous reddish brown spots through the lower
half. Sepals oblong or obovateoblong, obtuse, with lightly undulate margins, about 13-17 mm. long and 4-5 mm. wide, the dorsal sepal slightly broader than the free lateral Petals
sepals.
very
similar to the sepals, but slightly shorter and broader according to Kranzlin. Lip much larger than the sepals and petals, pandurate-trilobed, sessile at the base, lightly retuse in front, nearly 20 mm. long, 14 mm. wide across the lateral lobes
at the base
and 25 mm. wide
small, auriculiform-rounded, rather abruptly
in front according to Kranzlin; lateral lobes relatively narrowed in front to form a short

broad claw; mid-lobe
907
much larger, reniform-semiorbicular, retuse to shallowly bilobed; disc at the base with an excavated, 3-lobed callus which is bilamellate in Column short and stout, from the middle dilated toward the base, above front.
with a pair of short, broad wings of which the apical margin
ticulate.
is
truncate and den-
Peru(?), fide Schlechter, Fedde Repert. Beih. Colombia (type) and Venezuela. No material of this species was available.
9:
177.
1921.
Oncidium superbiens
f.
Reichb.
f.
Linnaea 22: 843. 1849; Hook,
Bot.
Mag.
98:
t.
5980. 1872;
Warn.
f.
&
Will. Orch. Alb. 6:
t.
276.
Warsc. Bonpl. 2: 102. 1854; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 47. 1922. Oncidium inferlobum Hort. ex Card. Chron. (1872) 904, in synon. Oncidium undulatum Warn. & Will. Orch. Alb. 8: t. 368. 1889, notO. undulatum
1887.
Oncidium aemulum Reichb.
&
(HBK.)
Lindl. Cyrtochilum
aemulum Kranzl.
Notizbl. Bot. Gart.
Berl. 7: 93, in key. 1917, nomen; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 47, fig. 3C, a-e. 1922. Cyrtochilum superbiens Kranzl.
Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: 93, in key. 1917, nomen; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 49, fig. 3E, a-/. 1922.
Plant very large, variable, with an elongate rhizome. Pseudobulbs commonly aggregated, elongate-ovoid, subcompressed, about 6-10 cm. high, commonly 2leaved, clothed below by several imbricating sheaths which are successively larger upward and mostly leaf-bearing. Leaves linear-oblanceolate, acute or shortacuminate, up to 68 cm. long and 6 cm. wide, long-narrowed below to a complicate, petiole-like base. Scape very elongate, twining, about 3-6 m. long, loosely paniculate above with the branches remote in varying degrees (13 cm. or much more apart) branches commonly short (up to 20 cm. long) and very loosely fewflowered above, with a flexuous rachis. Floral bracts broadly ovate, obtuse or subacute, cymbiform, much shorter than the pedicellate ovary which is about 3-4.5 cm. long. Flower large, with wide-spreading segments. Sepals brown with the apex and the margin partly yellow. Dorsal sepal clawed, about 1.6-3 cm. long; lamina ovate-suborbicular, broadly rounded and sometimes lightly retuse at the apex, subcordate at the base, with the margins crisped-undulate, about 1.6-2 cm. long and 1.8-2.8 cm. wide; claw short, with a large auricle on each side at the base. Lateral sepals much longer, long-clawed, minutely connate at the base; lamina obliquely suborbicular-ovate, broadly rounded or subtruncate above, very similar to the lamina of the dorsal sepal but somewhat longer and either narrower or broader; claw auricled at the base without, more or less cuneate-dilated into the lamina above. Petals commonly smaller than the dorsal sepal, oblong-ovate to suborbicular-ovate from a very short broad claw, rounded at the apex, with the margins strongly crisped-undulate, yellow (rarely white) with transverse brown bars on the lower half. Lip much shorter than the dorsal sepal and a little shorter than the petals, making a right angle with the column at the base, then abruptly recurved, auricled or rarely 3-lobed at the base, about 2 cm. long when forcibly
;
expanded, purple; auricles or lateral lobes short, obliquely ovate-triangular, broadly
908
30
obtuse, not retrorse, reflexed, commonly about 4.5-7 mm. long; mid-lobe much longer, oblong-lanceolate or oblanceolate, commonly more or less acute and con-
cave at the apex, 1-1.5 cm. long, usually 5-6 mm. wide where broadest; disc at the base with a long, fleshy ridge which is dilated in front into a plurituberculate crest and has a transverse bifurcate ridge on the lateral lobes. Column very short and stout, 7-10 mm. high at the back, with a pair of porrect, semielliptic dilations below, and a pair of falcate-ligulate to cuneate-dolabriform wings above.
Peru: Paramo de la Vuelta, 4000 meters, Wallis s.n., fide Kranzl. Cajamarca: Prov. of Chota, near Huambos, Weberbauer 4196.
Huanuco: Yanano, about 1800 meters, on mossy tree, Macbride 3850. Junin: Prov. of Tarma, mountains west of Huacapistana, Weberbauer 2103. Also Colombia (type of 0. superbiens), Venezuela and
Ecuador.
Oncidium tigratum
Lindl. Fol. Orch.
Reichb.
f.
&
Warsc. Bonpl. 2: 109. 1854;
Oncidium
40, no. 129. 1855.
Pseudobulbs and leaves not described. Scape more than 12 cm. long, with several remote, close, short, evanescent sheaths; branches of the panicle remote, compound, loosely several-flowered, with a strongly fractiflex rachis, apparently about 9.5 cm. or less long. Floral bracts minute, linear-triangular, much shorter than the slender pedicellate ovary which is about 1.5 cm. long. Flowers small, with widespreading or reflexed segments, deep yellow, with crimson blotches except on the anterior part of the lip. Dorsal sepal cuneate-oblong, apiculate, apparently about
Plant apparently medium-sized.
slender, loosely paniculate above; peduncle
8 mm. long. Lateral sepals obliquely cuneate-oblong, apparently free, a little longer and narrower than the dorsal sepal. Petals flabellate from a cuneate base, rounded, lightly retuse and often apiculate at the apex, twice as wide as the sepals. Lip much wider than the sepals and petals, pandurate-trilobed, sessile at the sub-
cordate base, lightly emarginate in front; basal half transversely rhombic, acute side, abruptly narrowed to a very short narrow claw; mid-lobe cordatereniform, retuse, a little broader than the basal portion; disc at the base with a
on each
verrucose callus having 3 short keels in front. Column very short, recurved, clavate, below with a pair of bilobulate, porrect dilations and above with a pair of broad, deeply bilobed column-wings which appear to be sublunate when the lobes
are taken together.

fide Schlechter,
s.n. (type).
Huanuco,
Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 177. 1921. The Ames Herbarium contains sketches of this analysis from the Reichenbach Herbarium.
species with floral
Oncidium
Fol. Orch.
tipuloides Reichb.
f.
Oncidium
43, no. 142. 1855; Cogn.
Bot. Zeit. 10: 856. 1852; Lindl. Martius Fl. Bras. 3,
pt. 6: 391. 1906; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 269,
fig.
22E, a-c. 1922.
909
Plant large. Pseudobulbs not described. Leaves (but one recorded) longor elliptic-oblong, acute or short-acuminate, cuneate bepetioled; lamina oblong stout, conduplicate, low, about 20-27 cm. long, 3-4 cm. wide; petiole elongate, rather stout, 10-12 cm. long. Scape much exceeding the leaves, erect or ascending, and many-flowered above; branches rather loosely paniculate, many-branched or sometimes compound, short, widely spreading and often decurved, simple cm. distant, with a more or less fractiflex rachis. Floral loosely few-flowered, 3-4 the apex, much shorter than bracts minute, narrowly triangular-ovate, subulate at which is 1-1.5 cm. long. Flowers medium-sized, with the slender, pedicellate ovary with red-brown. Dorsal spreading or reflexed segments, yellow, sparingly spotted more or less undulate or repand on sepal cuneate-spatulate, obtuse to'subacute, Lateral sepals similar but a little the margins, 13-14 mm. long, about 3 mm. wide. subacute. Petals oblong-obovate or spatnarrower, oblanceolate, free, suboblique, undulate on the margin, a little ulate-obovate, subobtuse to acute, somewhat
shorter
much and broader than the dorsal sepal, suboblique. Lip longer and wider than the other segments, broadly obovate in outline, pandurate-tnlobed, mm. long, about 9 mm. subtruncate at the base, emarginate at the apex, 17-18 across the mid-lobe wide across the lateral lobes at the base and 16-18 mm. wide rounded without, conlateral lobes small, semitriangular-auriculiform,
in front;
much larger, abrupt, cordatetracted in front into a long, narrow claw; mid-lobe at the base with a small, transverse, semilunate reniform, strongly emarginate; disc each side and a narrow central keel in front. ridge having an obtuse lobule on with a pair Column small, about 4 mm. high, sigmoid when viewed from the side, retuse plates below, wingless above. of obliquely subquadrate,
prominent,
Huanuco: Near Cuchero (Cochero), on trees, Poeppig 1635. The Ames Herbarium contains a sketch of this species from the
Oncidium
1850-51;
I.e.
no. 5. 1855.
7: 92, in key. 1917,
Flow. Gard. 1: 42. trilingue Lindl. & Paxt. Paxt. Lindl. Fol. Orch. Oncidium 4, 2: 125, t. 63. 1851-52; Bot. Gart. Berl. Cyrtochilum trilingue Kranzl. Notizbl. Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft nomen; Kranzl. Engler,
80), 38, fig. 24, a-c. 1922.
Plant apparently large. Pseudobulbs and leaves not recorded. Scape very alone exists in the type) about 80 cm. long, climbing, the upper portion (which few- (3- to 6-) to Kranzlin), paniculate in the lower part with short, long (according fractiflex rachis. Floral bracts broadly ovate, deeply flowered branches having a which is 2.5-3 cm. concave, obtuse to acute, shorter than the pedicellate ovary or reflexed segments, about 1.5long. Flowers large, loose, with wide-spreading on the sepals and petals 5.3 cm. apart, dark or light brown with yellow margins lamina and a yellow crest on the lip. Dorsal sepal clawed, about 17 mm. long; obtuse and apiculate, with the margins strongly broadly ovate or triangular-ovate, recurved in natural position, about 12 mm. crisped-undulate, the upper portion claw short, channelled, with a rounded, long and 10.5 mm. wide when expanded; each side at the base, rather abruptly dilated into the lamina. on
fleshy auricle
Lateral sepals
much
oblanceolate, longer and slightly narrower above, obliquely
910
30
obtuse (acuminate, according to Kranzlin), with the claws (which are auriculate and gradually dilated into the lamina, dorsally carinate above, somewhat undulate on the margins. Petals obliquely elliptic-lanceolate with a short, indistinct claw, acute or acuminate, strongly crisped-undulate on the margins, with the apex recurved, about as long as the dorsal sepal when expanded, but somewhat narrower. Lip spreading from the column, with the upper part circinate-recurved, about 18 mm. long when expanded, auriculate-dilated on each side at the base, with the subtriangular, lobulate dilations reflexed; terminal porat the base) connate below
tion longer, elliptic-lanceolate, undulate-crisped on the margins, obtuse and apiculate (acuminate, according to Kranzlin); disc at the base with a stout callus terminating in 3 fleshy, ovoid teeth (the middle tooth largest) and in front with 3 flat teeth of which the lateral ones are smaller and oblong-lanceolate and the middle
one ovate, convex and often lobulate above. Column very short and stout, dilated above, about 6 mm. high, with a pair of porrect, angular dilations below and a
of small, obliquely oblong, falcate, spreading
pair
wings in the middle.
Peru: Near the source of the

(type).
Maranon
Huanuco,
fide Schlechter,
Fedde Repert. Beih.
River, Warscewicz s.n. 9: 177. 1921.
Also Bolivia, fide Kranzlin.
A flower of apparently typical material

Oncidium tripterygium
1: 192,
t.
has been examined.
f. Bot. Zeit. 10: 694. 1852; 8-9. 1856; Kranzl. Engler, Pflan69, fig. Ill, zenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 128. 1922.
Reichb.
Xen. Orch.
Pseudobulbs, leaves and inflorescence not described. Flower (a single one present) medium-sized, with wide-spreading segments, brown with a yellow lip. Dorsal sepal ovate-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate ("ovate"), acute or acuminate, about 16 mm. long and 5-6 mm. wide (according to Kranzlin). Lateral sepals connate to above the middle, forming a lamina which is obovate-oblong in outline, a little longer and broader than the dorsal sepal and deeply bilobed above with acute, diverging lobules which have undulate inner margins. Petals ellipticlanceolate ("oblong-lanceolate"), about as long as the dorsal sepal but a little broader. Lip pandurate-trilobed, obovate-oblong in outline, about 20 mm. long, 10 mm. wide near the base and 14 mm. wide in front (according to Kranzlin), cordate at the base, emarginate at the apex, with lightly crenulate lateral
margins;
lobes small, semiorbicular; mid-lobe much larger, sessile or nearly so, obovatereniform; disc at the base with a short denticulate keel divided in front and surrounded on each side by a solitary callus. Column very short and stout, without
wings above.
Amazonas:
fide Schlechter,
Fedde Repert. Beih.
9: 177. 1921.
Also Ecuador (type).
The Ames Herbarium contains sketches of the type from the Reichenbach Herbarium.
Oncidium
Fol. Orch.
trulla Reichb.
9,
f.
& Warsc. Bonpl. 2: 101.
Oncidium
no. 24. 1855.
1854; Lindl. Cyrtochilum trulla Kranzl.
911
Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: 96, in key. 1917, nomen; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 66, fig. 6F, a-b. 1922.
Plant large, slender, forming dense clusters. Pseudobulbs aggregated, elongateovoid to narrowly fusiform-cylindric, one- or two-leaved, commonly 3.5-5 cm. below with several pairs high (6-8 cm. high, according to Kranzlin), clothed which of imbricating, evanescent, long sheaths (successively larger upward), to linear or linear-oblanceolate, acute Leaves linear-oblong
are leaf-bearing.
or acuminate,
to 26 cm. long (40-45 cm. long, according to Kranzlin), about more in length, 0.8-1.5 cm. wide, very variable in size. Scape very long, 1 m. or 47 cm. long, often climbing, loosely paniculate above; peduncle slender, up to short, close sheaths; panicle with more or less remote, with several
up
remote, very fractiflex short branches which are loosely few-flowered, the rachis strongly than the slender, in age. Floral bracts minute, triangular, concave, much shorter cm. long. Flowers very small, with widely pedicellate ovary which is 1.5-2.2 Dorsal sepal rose with white tips. spreading segments, cinnamon-color or old 1.5-3 mm. acute, with a recurved tip, 6-9.5 mm. long when expanded, oblanceolate, rather longer and sometimes a little narrower, wide. Lateral sepals similar but or connate near the base, dorsally carinate near the apex. Petals elliptic-ovate obovate-oblong, acute, shorter and broader than the dorsal sepal, lightly oblique.
in outline, subtruncate Lip subequaling the petals, convex, simple, triangular the outer at the broad base, abruptly acute above with an obtuse tip, having more or less prominent and obtuse, about 5-7.6 mm. long and sub-basal angles disc at the base with a plurituberculate callus which is as wide at the
nearly
base; Column ones. tridentate in front, the central tubercle longer than the lateral about 4 mm. high at the back, without prominent wings but with a very short,
pair of small, fleshy angles below.
Huanuco: Yanano, about 1800 meters, on mossy trees, Macbride 1800SSUl. Piura: Prov. of Huancabamba, near Huancabamba, 2000 meters, on rocky banks of stream between bushes, Weberbauer 2 ser. 6062. Also Colombia (type).
Oncidium ventilabrum
Reichb.
f.
&
Warsc. Bonpl. 2: 101.
Schweinf. Bot. 1854; Lindl. Fol. Orch. Oncidium 6, no. 12. 1855; C. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 14: 73. 1949. Cyrtochilum undulatum
HBK. Nov.
Gen. et Sp.
1: 349,
t.
84. 1816; Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot.
Gart. Berl. 7: 95, in key. 1917, nomen; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 57. 1922. Oncidium undulatum Lindl. Sert. Orch. sub Reichb. f. & t. 48, no. 1. 1842; Fol. Orch. Oncidium 7, no. 15. 1855; 2: 108. 1854, not 0. undulatum Salisb. 1812. CyrtoWarsc. Bonpl.
chilum ventilabrum Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: 92, in key. 1917, nomen; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 39, fig. 2C,
o-c. 1922.
Plant large, variable, with a stout, creeping rhizome which reaches 2 m. Pseudobulbs 5-30 cm. distant (according to Kranzlin), oblong-cylindric
in length.
912
30
to ovoid or ellipsoid, subcompressed, up to 8 cm. high, 1- or 2-leaved, clothed below by 2 or 3 pairs of stout, imbricating, leaf-bearing sheaths which are successively larger upward. Leaves very variable in shape and size, oblong to oblongoblanceolate (rarely the small outer ones subelliptic), commonly 19.5-60 cm. long and 3-6 cm. wide, acute, usually long-narrowed to a conduplicate base.
Scape elongate, 1 m. or more long (4 m. long according to Kranzlin), twining, loosely paniculate above, the branches (often compound in the lower portion) very distant (up to 12 cm. or more apart), about 32 cm. or less long, loosely few(about 5-) to many-flowered, with the rachis lightly fractiflex. Floral bracts relatively small, broadly triangular-ovate, deeply concave, much shorter than the pedicellate ovary which is 2.5 cm. long. Flowers rather large, with widespreading segments, brownish often with a narrow yellow border, the petals dull Dorsal sepal clawed, about 21-25 mm. long; lamina ellipticyellow above. ovate to suborbicular, abruptly acute, about 16-18 mm. long, 12-16 mm. wide,
with the margins undulate; claw narrow and channelled below, exauriculate at the base, rather gradually dilated above and passing into the lamina. Lateral
Petals sepals similar, a little longer and narrower, subacute, slightly oblique. markedly smaller than the sepals, obliquely elliptic-ovate from a short, broad, indistinct claw, acute or short-acuminate. Lip relatively small, prominently
recurved above, triangular-ligulate in outline, about 12-14

long, according to Kranzlin)
when expanded,
mm. long (8-9 mm. rose outside, yellow with red and
sessile at the subtruncate base, subacute at the complicate apex, triangular-dilated or subquadrate-dilated (sometimes bilobed) and reflexed on either side of the base, the anterior portion oblong-lanceolate or elliptic-
white spots within,
in 3
lanceolate; disc near the base with a large, plurituberculate callus terminating narrow plates, with an undulate ridge curving onto the basal dilations.
Column
small, sigmoid
when viewed from the

lip,
at the back, adnate to the base of the
side, clavate, about 6 mm. high with a pair of small, decurved, falcate-
linear or lanceolate wings near the middle.
brum).
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Warscewicz s.n. (type of 0. ventilaJunin, ex Kranzlin, fide Schlechter, Fedde Repert. Beih. 9:
177. 1921.
Also Colombia (type of CyrtochUum undulatum).

contains drawings of Oncidium ventilabrum analyses from the Reichenbach Herbarium.
The Ames Herbarium

with
floral
Oncidium
et Sp. 1: 35,
t.
volubile (Poepp.
&
Endl.) Cogn. Martius Fl. Bras.
3, pt. 6: 289. 1905.
CyrtochUum
volubile
Poepp.
&
Endl. Nov. Gen.
61. 1836; Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: 95, in
key. 1917, nomen; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 59. 1922. Oncidium corynephorum Lindl. Sert. Orch. sub t. 25. 1838;
Fol. Orch.
Oncidium
8,
no. 19. 1855.
Plant large, with an elongate, stout, creeping, simple rhizome. Pseudobulbs commonly aggregated in scattering clusters, narrowly oblong-cylindric, attenuate above, bifoliate, subcompressed, 4-5 cm. high, clothed below by a few pairs of evanescent, long, leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves linear-oblanceolate, acute or short-
913
acuminate above, more or less long-narrowed below to an often petiole-like, conduplicate base, about 30-45 cm. long, 3-4 cm. wide. Scape elongate, climbing or twining, stout, about 5-7 m. long, loosely paniculate above; branches remote (about 19 cm. or less apart), simple, loosely few- (3- to 5-) flowered, with the fractiflex rachis about 5-12 cm. long. Floral bracts small, triangular-ovate, clasping, obtuse, much shorter than the pedicellate ovary which is up to about 2 cm. long. Flowers large, with wide-spreading segments. Sepals about equally long, long- and narrow-clawed, free, about 20-26 mm. long, cinnamon-brown; lamina of the dorsal sepal suborbicular-oval, obtuse, about 12-14 mm. wide; lamina of the lateral sepals a little longer than that of the dorsal sepal, subacute, Petals distinctly shorter than the sepals, shortly and broadly lightly oblique. clawed; lamina obliquely ovate, acute, markedly narrower than the sepals, pale cinnamon-brown with snow-white above the middle. Lip about half as long as the sepals, pandurate-obovate, sessile, broadly rounded in front, 12-14 mm. long, 12-13 mm. wide near the apex, rose-purple with the basal third white or cinnamon-brown; disc at the base with a small, apically 3-dentate callus surrounded by several free, short tubercles. Column small, slender, clavate, wingless, about
5
mm.
high.
Huanuco: In the mountains of Cassapillo near Cuchero (Cochero), on stout trees, Poeppig 1636 (type of Cyrtochilum volubile). Loreto: Near Moyobamba, Mathews 1918 (type of 0. corynephorum).
The Ames Herbarium contains photographs of the type of Oncidium corynephorum.
Oncidium Weber bauerianum

389.
Kranzl. Engler, Bot. Jahrb. 37:
Cyrtochilum Weberbauerianum Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: 95, in key. 1917, nomen; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 60, fig. 5H, a-c. 1922.
1906.
Plant large, with a stout, long-creeping rhizome. Pseudobulbs linear-cylindric, compressed-ancipitous, up to 10 cm. high, unifoliate, up to 20 cm. distant, clothed below by numerous, densely imbricating, long, leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves on the pseudobulbs oblong or oblanceolate-oblong, obtusely acute, long-complicate
below, up to 20 cm. long and 4.5 cm. wide. Scape (incomplete in the type) apparently simple, not twining, below clothed with a few very remote, small sheaths, terminating in a subdensely few- (about 12-) flowered raceme. Floral bracts
rather long, sheathing, about half as long as the pedicellate ovary which is 2.5-2.8 cm. in length. Flowers large, brown with yellow spots in the center. Dorsal
sepal elliptic-oblong ("oblong"), obtuse, sessile, lightly undulate on the margin, 15 mm. long, 10-12 mm. wide. Lateral sepals free, clawed, much (nearly twice) longer; lamina similar to that of the dorsal sepal. Petals a little smaller than
the sepals, obovate-oblong, obtuse, lightly undulate. Lip about equaling the dorsal sepal, pandurate-trilobed, 15 mm. long, about 5-7 mm. wide across the
and apical portions, yellow above the middle; lateral lobes relatively minute, rounded, reflexed; mid-lobe cuneate, obscurely lobulate in front; disc at the base with a prominent callus of which the posterior part is verrucose and obscurely 5-tuberculate and the anterior part dilated and lightly complicate with a reflexed
basal
914
FIELDIANA: BOTANY,
VOLUME
30
apex. Column very short, stout, above with broad, membranaceous wings connate into a cup and below with a pair of small, oblong, porrect wings.
Chachapoyas, 2000-2300 meters, among sclerophyllous vegetation in open places, Weberbauer 4358 (type). Also Colombia. No record of this species has been seen.
of
Amazonas: Molinopampa, east
Oncidium xanthodon
Hook.
f.
Reichb.
f.
Bot.
Mag.
95:
t.
5756. 1869.
Card. Chron. (1868) 1338; Cyrtochilum xanthodon Kranzl.
Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: 94, in key. 1917, nomen; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 54. 1922.
Plant large, with a stout, creeping rhizome. Pseudobulbs separated on the rhizome, oblong-ovoid to ellipsoid, compressed, unifoliate (bifoliate, according to Kranzlin), about 10-12.7 cm. long, clothed at the base by several pairs of
densely imbricating, leaf-bearing sheaths which are successively longer upward. Leaves oblanceolate, acute (acuminate, according to Kranzlin), long-narrowed below to a complicate base, about 40-60 cm. long, 5-6.4 cm. wide. Scape elongate, climbing, 2-2.7 m. or more long (5 m. long, according to Kranzlin), with distant, appressed sheaths below, terminating in an elongate, loose panicle; branches (lower ones compound) at least 11.5 cm. distant, loosely few- (about 3- to 5-) flowered, with the rachis lightly fractiflex. Floral bracts ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, concave, much shorter than the pedicellate ovary which reaches nearly 5 cm. in length. Flowers large, with wide-spreading segments which are
recurved above, chocolate-brown with yellow, crisped-undulate borders. Dorsal sepal conspicuously clawed; lamina broadly ovate ("oblong"), acute, about 1520 mm. long and almost as wide near the broadly rounded or subhastate base; claw stout, linear, about 5 mm. long. Lateral sepals similar but markedly longer, with a somewhat longer claw, free. Petals similar to the dorsal sepal but markedly smaller, with a short broad claw, acute. Lip smaller and narrower than the petals, strongly recurved above, pandurate-trilobed or oblong-pandurate, about 12 mm. long, 5 or 6 mm. broad at the base when forcibly expanded, brown with a yellow callus; basal portion (with reflexed lateral lobes) subquadrate or subhastate, sessile, bilobed above; anterior portion (mid-lobe) cuneate-spatulate, acute, recurved; disc at the base with a large, fleshy crest consisting of a central
rostrate ridge
and several surrounding

side,
tubercles.
Column
viewed from the

above.
adnate to the base of the
lip,
small, sigmoid when with a pair of minute wings
1921.
Junin (ex Kranzlin), fide Schlechter, Fedde Repert. Beih. Ecuador (type) and Colombia.
9: 178.
No
material of this species has been accessible.
Reichb. f. ex Linden Catal. no. 21: 16. Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 201. 1922. Cyrto1867; chilum xanthornis Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: 97, in key.
1917, nomen; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 72, 7F, a-c. 1922.
fig.
Oncidium xanthornis

of the
915
Plant apparently medium-sized. Pseudobulbs, leaves, and the lower part scape not described. Inflorescence paniculate, up to 25 cm. tall; branches (sometimes compound) irregularly diverging, partly springing from the lower part of the peduncle, fractiflex in age. Floral bracts very short, much exceeded by the pedicellate ovary which is about 8 mm. long. Flowers small. Sepals similar, cuneate-spatulate, retuse at the rounded apex, about 7 mm. long and 2.5 mm. wide above. Petals suborbicular, short-clawed, a little longer than the sepals and more than twice as broad. Lip short-clawed, very broadly triangular in outline, sublunate at the base, about 6 mm. long and 10 mm. wide below, obscurely 3-lobed; lateral lobes large, rounded, recurved at the back; mid-lobe shortly triangular, obtuse; disc with a crest consisting of 2 bipartite keels (the anterior portion higher) with an interjected cluster of warts (the middle ones longer). Column sigmoid, with a pair of large, dolabriform wings and a prominent
infrastigmatic plate.
Piura(?)
Huancabamba, Linden
4, 7.
Ecuador,
fide Kranzlin.
No
record of this species was accessible.
Oncidium zebrinum (Reichb. f.) Reichb. f. Bonpl. 2: 12. 1854; Gard. Chron. (1872) 1355, fig. 304; Hook. f. Bot. Mag. 100: t. 6138. 1874; Cogn. & Goos. Diet. Icon. Orch. Oncidium t. 9. 1897. Odontoglossum zebrinum Reichb. f. Linnaea 22: 849. 1849. Cyrtochilum
zebrinum Kranzl. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 7: 94, in key. 1917, nomen; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 54. 1922.
Plant large, with a stout, long-creeping rhizome. Pseudobulbs more or less compressed, up to 12 cm. high according to Kranzlin, bifoliate, about 7-15 cm. apart, clothed at the base and often entirely concealed by several (about 5) pairs of closely imbricating, leaf-bearing sheaths which are successively longer upward. Leaves oblong or elliptic-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, apparently longnarrowed to a complicate base, very variable in size, up to 30 or 40 cm. long, 2.5-4 cm. wide. Scape elongate, climbing, up to 4 m. long, trailing over bushes, very loosely paniculate above; branches simple above and often branched near the base, loosely few- to several-flowered, about 26 cm. or less long, about 14 cm. or less apart, with a more or less fractiflex rachis. Floral bracts small, lanceolateovate or ovate, acute or obtuse, deeply concave, much shorter than the pedicellate ovary which is 2-4 cm. long. Flowers small for the section, with wide-spreading segments. Sepals and petals similar, white with numerous transverse, violet or brownish bars. Dorsal sepal elliptic-lanceolate or oblanceolate, acute or acuminate, gradually unguiculate-narrowed below, strongly crisped-undulate on the margins, 19-20 mm. long and 8-9 mm. wide (28 mm. long and 15 mm. wide,
large, ovoid,
according to Kranzlin). Lateral sepals similar (or oblanceolate- elliptic), slightly longer and narrower than the dorsal sepal, free, lightly oblique. Petals oblongovate, acuminate, oblique, crisped-undulate on the margin, markedly shorter than the dorsal sepal and slightly narrower. Lip spreading from the base of the column, then abruptly reflexed, triangular-lanceolate in outline, with the convex basal portion irregularly triangular-dilated on each side, 13-15 (rarely 10) mm. long when expanded, the anterior part oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate and acute or
acuminate; disc at the base with a yellow crest which
is
3-lobed above and con-
916
sists of

numerous blunt warts and a
30
keel.
Column
pair of minute
central, commonly high, thin, apically dentate small, arcuate or sigmoid, clavate, about 6 mm. high, often with a lanceolate wings near the middle.
1921.
Loreto (ex Kranzlin), fide Schlechter, Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 178. Venezuela (type).
SIGMATOSTALIX
Reichb.
f.
(including Petalocentrum Schltr.)
Small to medium-sized epiphytes extending from Guatemala south to Colombia, Brazil, Bolivia, Peru and Argentina.
Stems very short, rarely from a shortly creeping rhizome, pseudobulbous, 1- or 2-leaved at the summit, surrounded below by several pairs of distichous, leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves narrow, elliptic-oblong to linear. Inflorescences lateral, basal in the axil of the sheaths, shorter or more commonly longer than the leaves, racemose or often paniculate with abbreviated branches. Flowers very small to medium-sized, membranaceous, distant. Floral bracts small,
commonly aggregated,
infundibuliform.
acuminate.
long-clawed,
Sepals wide-spreading or reflexed, free, subequal, subacute to Petals similar to the sepals, either broader or narrower. Lip sessile to
commonly simple
verse, callose near the base.
Column
or subsimple, either longer than broad or transelongate, very slender, dilated and often
auricled near the apex.

linia 2,
Anther terminal, opercular, incumbent, 1-celled. Polcomplanate-ovoid, unappendaged, affixed to a linear-triangular stipe.
sessile or
Al.
Lip
nearly so, transverse
(i.e.,
broader than long); petals with a
spur-like
horn near the base.
A2.
la.
S. peruviana (S. pusilla, S. bicornuta, Petalocentrum spp.) clawed or else distinctly narrowed toward the base; petals without a Lip I horn
Ib.
multidenticulate on each side; S. aurosanguinea Pseudobulbs unifoliate; anterior part of the lip not multidenticulate on each
Pseudobulbs bifoliate; anterior part of the petals broader than the sepals
side
lip
la.
Ib.
very narrow and elongate; lamina of the lip crescentiform ... 2 of the lip broad and short or the base of the lamina long-narrowed; 3 lamina of the lip not crescentiform
of the lip
'.
Claw Claw
2a.
Dorsal sepal fornicate, concave-conduplicate; unicallose at the base
lip
abruptly acute or apiculate,

S. crescentilabia S. bicallosa
2b.
3a.
Dorsal sepal scarcely cucullate; calli at the base
lip
acuminate, bicallose with approximate
about 2 mm. wide; flowers very small, sepals about 2.5 mm. long; lip abruptly short-clawed, base of the lamina truncate. S. graminea 3b. Leaves linear to elliptic-oblong, 4.5 (rarely) -14 mm. wide; flowers larger, sepals about 5 mm. or more long; lip long-narrowed toward the base. S. amazonica
Leaves narrowly
linear,
Sigmatostalix amazonica
Abt. 2: 148. 1925.
Schltr.
Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 42,

Plant small, slender, variable, 7-25 cm.
tall.
917
Pseudobulbs aggregated, 1.4-
3.5 cm. high, strongly compressed, narrowly or broadly ellipsoid, unifoliate at the apex, clothed on each side of the base by 1 or 2 pairs of imbricating, conduplicate, leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves linear to narrowly elliptic-oblong, acute or subacute,
more or less narrowed below to a complicate, petiole-like base, up to 15 cm. long (commonly much less), 4.5-14 mm. wide. Inflorescence lateral, basal in the axil
than to much exceeding the leaf, about 5-18 cm. long; peduncle about 3-7 cm. long, with few, remote, close, tubular sheaths; flower-cluster narrowly paniculate with subremote, abbreviated, 1- or 2-flowered branches. Flowers small, membranaceous, with wide-spreading segof a sheath, erect or spreading, shorter
ments, greenish white, olive or yellow spotted or streaked with brown, pink or lilac. Dorsal sepal lanceolate-oblong, acute, 5-7 mm. long, 1.2-2 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar but a little larger, oblique. Petals similar to the dorsal sepal but slightly shorter. Lip cuneate-obovate, broadly rounded at the apex with an irregular margin, 6-7.2 mm. long, 4-5.9 mm. wide near the apex, long-narrowed toward the base which is occupied by a relatively large, ligulate-subquadrate (or elliptic), apically truncate callus which is free above the base. Column long, very slender, abruptly dilated near the apex, 4.9-7.2 mm. high.
Loreto: Middle Maranon River, at the mouth of the Apaya River, about 145 m., Tessmann 3849. Soledad, on Rio Itaya, about 110 m., epiphyte in dense forest, Killip & Smith 29743. Vicinity of Iquitos, 100 m., Klug 10101. Also Brazil (Amazonas), type, and Surinam.
Sigma tostalix aurosanguinea
Reichb.
f.
Linnaea 41:
68. 1876.
Plant very small, densely caespitose, apparently about 3.5 cm. high. Pseudobulbs aggregated, ellipsoid, strongly compressed, bifoliate at the apex, apparently about 1 cm. high. Leaves linear, acute, spreading or arcuate-recurved, apparently about 3 cm. long. Inflorescence few-flowered. Floral bracts shorter than the pedicellate ovary. Flowers yellow and blood-red. Sepals lanceolate ("linear")f acuminate ("acute"). Petals broader, lanceolate-ovate. Lip about equally long with the other segments but much wider, broadly clawed; lamina from a broadly cuneate basal portion (claw) abruptly dilated into a larger, reniform anterior portion which is retuse in front with a prominent apicule in the center, and with the outer margins multi denticulate; disc apparently callose below. Column slender, with an uncinate-decurved wing on each side of the apex.
Peru:
On
the summit of Mt. Guayraparina, on trees, Spruce

of this species has been available,
s.n.
example barium contains a drawing from the Reichenbach Herbarium bearing the above data.
No
but the
Ames Her-
Sigmatostalix bicallosa Garay, Arquiv. Jard. Bot. 11:

1951.
57,
t. 2.
Figure 176.
Plant rather large for the genus, erect, slender, up to 30 cm. high. Rhizome abbreviated. Pseudobulb narrowly ovoid, unifoliate, 2.5-3 cm. high, surrounded at the base by 2 pairs of distichous, leaf-bearing, conduplicate sheaths. Leaves linear-lanceolate, obliquely obtuse, apiculate, 8-12 cm. long, 6-7 mm. wide. Scapes
918
30
peduncle with a few imbricating sheaths; raceme disFlower rather large, membranaceous. Sepals and petals pale yellow spotted with dark purple, lip Dorsal sepal ovate-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, yellow with purple cilia. scarcely cucullate, acuminate, 10 mm. long, 2 mm. wide. Lateral sepals obliquely ovate-lanceolate, as long as the dorsal sepal but apparently somewhat broader. Petals obliquely lanceolate-oblong, falcate, subacuminate, slightly smaller than the
lateral as in the genus, erect;
tantly many-flowered.
Floral segments reflexed-spreading.
FIG. 176. Sigmatostalix bicallosa Garay. ina of lip, showing calli; X 5.
1,
flower expanded;
2J^.
2,
lam-
narrowly
Lip about as long as the sepals but much broader, long-clawed; claw about 4 mm. long; lamina cordate-reniform, deeply cordate at the base, abruptly acuminate at the apex, with the margins (except on the anterior third) ciliolate; disc near the base with 2 approximate, semirhombic Column erect, very slender, abruptly inflexed near the apex, about 10 mm. calli.
dorsal sepal.
linear, subterete,
high.
on coffee
Peru: Chanchamayo, Rio Blanco, about 1500 meters, epiphytic trees, Koehler s.n.
Bull.
Sigmatostalix crescentilabia C. Schweinf. Am. Orch. Soc.

16: 162,
t.,
1947.
Figure 177.
Plant large for the genus, very variable in size. Pseudobulbs oblong-ellipsoid (sometimes narrowly so), strongly compressed, unifoliate, about 3-4 cm. high, clothed below by about 3 pairs of imbricating, conduplicate, leaf-bearing sheaths which are successively longer upward. Leaves oblong-linear to (rarely) ellipticoblong, subacute, more or less long-narrowed below with a conduplicate base, up to 15.7 cm. long and 1 cm. wide, the blades on the outer sheaths often very small.
Scapes
lateral, basal in the axils of sheaths,
more
or less surpassing the leaves,
slender, arcuate or spreading,
about 17.5-37 cm. long; peduncle 6-12 cm. long,
with very few remote, close, tubular sheaths; inflorescence loosely several- to many-flowered, up to 23.5 cm. long, racemose with each flower arising singly from
GMATQSTALIX
crescentifafiia
G.
2,
from
FIG. 177. Sigmatostalix crescentilabia C. Schweinf. 1, plant; X Vs. natural position; X 3. side, natural position; X 3. 3, dorsal sepal, 5. 6, lip from above, expanded; X 3. 5, lateral sepal; X 3.
flower
4, petal;
919
920
30
an abbreviated, bracted branch. Flowers large with reflexed sepals, petals and lamina of the lip.
for the genus,
membranaceous,
Dorsal sepal fornicate and con-
cave-conduplicate in natural position, when expanded elliptic-lanceolate (comso), acute or acuminate, up to 12 mm. long and 4 mm. wide. Lateral sepals obliquely elliptic-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, a little shorter than
monly narrowly
the dorsal sepal but wider. Petals obliquely linear-lanceolate, lightly falcate, acute, little shorter and markedly narrower than the sepals. Lip long-clawed, about 7.2-11 mm. long; claw very narrow and elongate, filiform-linear, channelled, 3.2-
5.9 mm. long; lamina semiorbicular-crescentiform, abruptly acute or mucronate at the rounded apex, 7-9 mm. wide; disc at the base with a large, fleshy, ascending, Column very slender, arcuate, subcylindric (rarely subglobose) protuberance. somewhat dilated near the apex, with a large stigmatic orifice and a prominent linear rostellum which is divergently bifid at the tip.
Junin:
1192, 1286,
Chanchamayo
Valley, 1200-1600 meters, Schunke 526,
(type).
Sigmatostalix graminea (Poepp. & Endl.) Reichb. f. Bot. Zeit. 10: 769. 1852; Xen. Orch. 1: 19, t. 8, fig. Ill, 11-17. 1854; Cogn. Martius Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6: 458. 1906. Specklinia graminea Poepp. & Endl. Nov. Gen. ac Sp. 1: 51, t. 89 B. 1836.
Plant small, with a rather short, creeping rhizome which is much branched Pseudobulbs numerous, approximate, very small, oblong-cylindric to cylindric-ellipsoid, strongly compressed, unifoliate, 7-12 mm. high, clothed below by several pairs of imbricating, leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves small, narrowly linear, acute or subobtuse and obliquely emarginate at the apex, lightly narrowed toward the concave base, mostly strongly arcuate-recurved, 3-5 cm. long, about 2 mm. wide. Scape basal in the axils of sheaths, about equaling the leaves, erect or spreading, 3-6 cm. long, below with 1 or 2 short, acute, appressed sheaths, above laxly racemose and few-flowered. Flowers short-pedicelled, very small, membranaceous, pale yellow with purple spots. Sepals subequal, oblong or elliptic-lanceolate, acute, concave, 2-2.5 mm. long, about 0.66 mm. wide, the lateral sepals subfalcate. Petals narrowly ovate, acute, oblique, about as long as the dorsal sepal but slightly wider. Lip about 2.66 mm. long, shortly and broadly clawed; claw about 0.66 mm. long and 1 mm. wide; lamina broadly
and concealed by sheaths.
trapezoid or ovate-subquadrate, retuse in front, truncate with rounded angles at the base, about 2 mm. long and 3 mm. wide; disc at the base with a small, suborbicular, excavated callus which is longitudinally carinate through the middle.
Column short, very slender, clavate, up to 1.25 mm. high, with a pair of roundedoblong auricles above, the rostellum short-triangular and minutely bidentate.
Huanuco: Near Pampayaco (Pampayacu) and Cuchero (Cochero),

on
trees,
I
Poeppig 1007, 1514-
Cerro de Ponasa, 1300 meters, Ule G.
have seen no record of
this concept.
Sigmatostalix peruviana Rolfe,
Kew
Bull.
(1910)
371; C.
Schweinf. Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 14: 76. 1949.
Sigmato-

stalix pusilla Schltr.
921
Fedde Repert.
(1913) 342.
10: 392. 1912.
Sigmatostalix bi-
cornuta Rolfe,
Petalocentrum pusillum Schltr. Fedde Repert. 15: 145. 1918; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 312. 1922; Mansf. Fedde Repert. Beih. 58: t. 59, nr. 235.
Kew Bull.
1930. Petalocentrum angustifolium Schltr. Fedde Repert. 15: 145. 1918; Mansf. Fedde Repert. Beih. 58: t. 59, nr. 234. 1930. Petalocentrum bicornutum Schltr. Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 179. 1921.
Plant very small, caespitose, epiphytic, commonly 5-7 cm. tall. Rhizome sometimes branched. Pseudobulbs approximate, ovoid or ovoid-cylindric, more or less compressed, about 1-1.5 cm. high, unifoliate, clothed below with 2 Leaves linear or linear-oblong, subpairs of imbricating, leaf-bearing sheaths. obtuse or minutely bilobed at the apex, conduplicate at the scarcely narrowed base, usually 3-5 cm. long, 1.5-3.5 mm. wide. Scapes lateral, basal in the axils of sheaths, slender, loosely few-flowered above (often with abbreviated branches), about 4-5 cm. high. Flowers very small, thin, with wide-spreading segments; sepals and petals light yellow, dorsal sepal and petals with a deep purple band or Dorsal sepal "oblong" to "linear-lanceolate" or oblong-lanceolate, acute stripe. to subobtuse, 3-3.5 mm. long, about 1.2 mm. wide, with a recurved apex. Lateral sepals similar, lightly oblique. Petals oblong or oblong-lanceolate, about equally long with the sepals, more or less acute, near the base with a short, conical tooth.
short,
sessile or subsessile, deltoid-reniform or orbicular-reniform, lightly retuse in the center of the broadly rounded, undulate, anterior margin, about 3-4 mm. long and 4-5 mm. wide; disc at the base with a large, lobulate, often shining callus.
Lip
Column slender, clavate, 2-2.5 at the apex.
mm.
high, with a pair of short, decurved auricles
S. bicornuta).
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Forget s.n. (type of S. peruviana and Cuzco: Prov. of Quispicanchis, Cadena, 1020 meters,
Junin:
epiphyte, Vargas 6141-
Chanchamayo
Valley, Rio Blanco,
Hacienda
St. Teresa, about 1400 meters, on coffee-trees, Kohler s.n. (type of S. pusilla and Petalocentrum angustifolium).
LOCKHARTIA
Hook.
Small to medium-sized epiphytes extending from Mexico and Central America southward to Brazil, Bolivia and Peru.
Plant caespitose, without pseudobulbs. Stems simple, leafy. Leaves numerous, distichous, equitant, imbricating, rather short, spreading to suberect, entirely concealing the stem. Peduncles lateral in the axils of the leaves, commonly very
short and 1- or 2-flowered, racemose or more rarely loosely paniculate. Flowers long-pedicelled, small or medium-sized, membranaceous with spreading or reflexed segments^ Sepals free, subequal. Petals similar to the sepals or larger. Lip simple or deeply 3- or 4-lobed, equal to the sepals or longer, with the disc callose at
Column very short and stout, broadly bialate or auricled above. Anther Pollinia 2, ovoid, rather terminal, opercular, incumbent, imperfectly 2-celled.
the base.
long-acuminate.
922
30
Al.
A2.
Lip simple to obscurely 4-lobulate; disc with an incurved horn in the middle.
L. hologlossa (L. unicornis)
Lip deeply 3-lobed with linear or linear-lanceolate lateral lobes; disc without an incurved horn in the middle L. amoena
Lockhartia amoena Endres

666.
& Reichb. f. Card. Chron. (1872) Lockhartia costaricensis Schltr. Fedde Repert. 3: 81. 1906.
Plant small to large, epiphytic, caespitose, up to 50 cm. tall. Stems erect or spreading from a more or less decumbent base, entirely concealed by the very numerous, densely imbricating, distichous leaves. Leaves equitant, triangular to triangular-lanceolate, commonly ascending (rarely slightly incurved), broadly obtuse to subacute, 1.5-4 cm. long (measured on the lower margin), up to 1 cm. wide across the base. Inflorescences racemose or more commonly loosely paniculate, axillary, rather short. Floral bracts conspicuous, orbicular-cordate, usually apiculate at the rounded apex. Flowers loose, few, small, yellow, lip with brown or red markings. Dorsal sepal oval, more or less rounded at the apex, up to about 6 mm.
long and 4 mm. wide. Lateral sepals very similar. Petals ovate-oblong, usually retuse or truncate at the apex, commonly rather larger than the sepals. Lip deeply 3-lobed, very variable, up to 9 mm. long in greatest length and 13 mm. wide across the lateral lobes at the base; lateral lobes oblong-linear or lanceolate-linear, gently
recurved, more or less obtuse; mid-lobe much larger, more or less deeply 4-lobed, with the lateral lobules spreading, semiorbicular to triangular and the narrower anterior portion deeply bilobed forming a pair of obovate or broadly oblong lobules,
the entire margins more or less irregularly dentate; disc in the center of the base with a subquadrate, excavated, fleshy callus produced into an oblong-subquadrate mass of more or less distinct, verrucose lines. Column minute, stout, with a pair
of rounded-dolabriform wings.
106.
Huanuco: Tingo Maria, 670 meters, epiphytic on trees, Carpenter Also Mexico and Central America (Costa Rica, type).
Lockhartia hologlossa Schltr. Fedde Repert. Beih. 7: 199. 1920; Mansf. Fedde Repert. Beih. 57: t. 71, nr. 274. 1929; C. Schweinf. Bot. Mus. Lean Harvard Univ. 17: 57. 1955. Lockhartia unicornis Schltr. Fedde Repert. Beih. 7: 200. 1920; Mansf. Fedde Repert.
1
Beih. 57:
t.
71, nr. 275. 1929.
Plant epiphytic, or terrestrial on rocks, up to 53.5 cm. high. Stems caespitose, erect-spreading from a decumbent base, entirely concealed by the numerous densely imbricating leaves. Leaves equitant, narrowly triangular-lanceolate, erect-spreading and often slightly incurved above, narrowed to an acute tip, the largest blades (near the middle of the stems) about 3-6.5 cm. long (measured on the lower margin) and 5-8 mm. wide across the base. Inflorescence abbreviated, racemose, in the upper or uppermost axils of the leaves, few- (1- to 6-) flowered. Flowers small, yellow. Sepals concave, apiculate. Dorsal sepal ovate-elliptic, about 5 mm. long and 3 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar, elliptic-ovate, slightly larger throughout. Petals broadly oval to oblong-oval, considerably larger than the sepals, broadly rounded at the apex with a more or less distinct apicule. Lip suborbicular-ovate, reduplicate in natural position, retuse in front, usually constricted on each side and
923
thus 3- or 4-lobulate (sometimes simple and merely retuse), broadly rounded at the base, about 6.3-7.5 mm. long from the base to the apex of an anterior lobule and 6.3-7 mm. wide near the base when expanded; disc through the center of the lower half with a prominent, concave, oblong-ovate, fleshy callus which terminates
an upcurved horn. Column very short and stout, with a pair of obliquely semiovate, more or less lobulate wings. (The flowers of the typical forms from Colombia were noted as either a little smaller or larger than the Peruvian specimens
in
described.)
Cuzco: Prov. of Quispicanchis, Ttio to Murayaca, Marcapata, on Prov. of Urubamba, Machurocks, 1960 meters, Vargas 3138. on rocks, 2020 meters, Vargas 5546. Junin: Huacapistana, Picchu, about 1800 meters, epiphyte in densely forested valley, Killip & Smith 24%96 (plants in fruit, and therefore the determination is open to some doubt). Also Colombia (type).
HOFMEISTERELLA
A
(often
Reichb.
f.
monotypic genus, confined to northern South America.

Stems abbreviated, not pseudoLeaves clustered, imbricating, distichous, linear. Scapes much times) exceeding the leaves, laxly racemose, ancipitous and narrowly
Plant small to medium-sized, epiphytic.

bulbous, leafy.
many
bialate, arcuate,
more
or less fractiflex.
Floral bracts distant, conduplicate, erect-
spreading or incurved. Flowers relatively large for the plant, with long slender pedicels. Sepals and petals similar, free, lanceolate-linear, strongly reflexed. Lip triangular-lanceolate, simple, long-acuminate, sessile at the cordate or subcordate base, erect-spreading, somewhat longer and much wider than the other segments. Column footless, broadly 2-winged at the base, with a long, rigid, inflexed or decurved rostellum and an oblong clinandrium. Anther terminal, opercular, incumbent, 1-celled, produced into a linear-triangular appendage. Pollinia 4, complanate, oblong-ovoid, affixed in pairs to the dilated apex of the long, slender stipe.
Hofmeisterella eumicroscopica (Reichb. f.) Reichb. f. Walp. Ann. 3: 563. 1852; Xen. Orch. 1: 41, t. 18, figs. I, II, 1-8. 1854; C. Schweinf. Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 8: 50. 1940. Hofmeistera eumicroscopica Reichb. f. De Poll. Orchid. Gen. ac Struct.
... 30. 1852.
Plant inconspicuous, epiphytic, with an abbreviated rhizome and large, stout, Stem very short, entirely concealed by the basal cluster of leaves. Leaves several to numerous, deeply imbricating below, linear, equitant, acute, up to 3.5 cm. long and 2 mm. wide in natural position. Scapes lateral in the axils of the leaves, twice to many times longer than the leaves, up to about 27 cm. long, suberect to arcuate, complanate and narrowly bialate, usually simple, few- to
fibrous roots.
many-flowered, laxly racemose, more or less fractiflex. Floral bracts distant, conduplicate, dorsally winged, spreading or incurved. Flowers rather small, membranaceous, the segments greenish yellow or lemon-yellow with purple at the base of the lip, the sepals and petals strongly reflexed. Dorsal sepal linear, condupli-
924
30
cate or with involute margins, acute or short-acuminate, 8.8-13.6 mm. long, 0.60.8 mm. wide. Lateral sepals linear from a recurved base, slightly longer and
wider than the dorsal sepal. Petals very similar to the lateral sepals, a little shorter than the dorsal sepal but somewhat wider than the lateral sepals. Lip triangularlanceolate, sessile, cordate or subcordate at the base, 10.8-14.4 mm. long, 4.45.8 mm. wide near the base. Column small, recurved, with a pair of broad, semiovate dilations at the base adnate to the lamina of the lip, about 4-5.7 mm. high at the back, with an oblique clinandrium and a prominent, elongate, decurved
rostellum.
Huanuco: Yanano, about 1840 meters, on mossy Also Venezuela and Ecuador (type).
Cuzco: Prov. of Convention, Valle de Santa Ana, Herrera 3007. tree, Macbride 3774.
ORNITHOCEPHALUS
Hook.
Epiphytic plants extending from Mexico through Central America, some of the West Indies and northern South America.
Plants small to medium-sized. Stems abbreviated, non-pseudobulbous in the Peruvian species, entirely concealed by the deeply imbricating, conduplicate leafsheaths. Leaves equitant, elliptic-oblong to linear, fleshy or coriaceous. Scapes lateral in the axils of leaf-sheaths, simple, racemose above, commonly equaling or exceeding the leaves. Flowers small, with wide-spreading segments. Sepals subequal, free, concave. Petals commonly larger than the sepals. Lip sessile, simple (and frequently inflexed above) or 3-lobed with the lateral lobes relatively small and the mid-lobe (in the Peruvian species) commonly large. Column short, stout, wingless, footless, and with a very long, subhorizontal rostellum. Anther terminal, opercular, incumbent. Pollinia 4, affixed in pairs to the slightly dilated apex of
the linear stipe.
Al.
A2.
la.
Lip distinctly 3-lobed, with horizontally spreading lateral lobes; flowers large I for the genus Lip simple, at most with a basal callus which sometimes extends beyond the
1 basal margins; flowers commonly small Lateral lobes of the lip many times smaller than the mid-lobe, acute or acuminate, ecallose, paucidentate on the posterior margin near the apex. O. patentilobus
Ib.
la.
Lateral lobes of the lip a little smaller than the mid-lobe, obtuse, entire, with a pluri dentate callus extending across the disc of the lip O. polyodon Outline of the lip ovate, with a conspicuous lobe-like apicule at the apex; disc of the lip apparently ecallose at the base O. apiculatus
Ib.
2a.
Outline of the lip oblong, cuneate or ovate-subquadrate, without a lobe-like 2 apicule at the apex; disc of the lip with a conspicuous basal callus
Sepals smooth on the back Sepals setose on the back
0. gladiolus 3
2b.
3a.
Lip more than twice as long as the sepals; basal callus than the lip
the
lip
many
times shorter O. longilabris

of
3b.
Lip only slightly longer than the sepals; basal callus equaling about half
O. avicula

Ornithocephalus apiculatus
1840.
Plant small, up to 7.6 cm.
tall.
925
4: 383.
Lindl.
Ann. Nat. Hist.
eral dense, imbricating leaf-sheaths.
Stem abbreviated, wholly concealed by sevLeaves obliquely linear-oblong. Scape much
exceeding the leaves (about three times as long), erect, densely several- to manyflowered above. Flowers apparently deep yellow. Sepals not described. Petals orbicular-obovate ("oblong"), broadly rounded above, coarsely dentate above the
Lip ovate, entire, concave, with a conspicuous lobule-like, acute apicule in front, sagittate at the base, markedly longer and narrower than the petals.
middle.
Column minute, with an
elongate, recurved rostellum.
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Pavon
s.n. (type).
Huanuco(?),
fide
Schlechter, Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 179. 1921. The Ames Herbarium contains a photograph of this species with an analysis of the petals and lip from the Lindley Herbarium.
Ornithocephalus avicula Reichb.

Walp. Ann.
fig. 3.
f.
&
Wullschl. ex Reichb.
3, pt. 6:
f.
6: 495.
1863; Cogn. Martius Fl. Bras.
222,
t.
45,
1905.
Plant small for the genus, epiphytic. Stem abbreviated, entirely concealed by numerous, conduplicate leaf-sheaths which are imbricating below and have a scarious band on the upper margin. Leaves spreading, elliptic-lanceolate to oblong, acute, often more or less oblique, 2- (rarely) 5 cm. long, 8-15 mm. wide, obliquely articulated below, about 9 to 13 in each plant. Scape lateral in a leaf-axil, shorter than or somewhat exceeding the leaves, laxly flexuous to arcuate-recurved, about 4-10 cm. long, racemose above, entirely glandular-setulose; peduncle short, with 1 or few spreading, amplexicaul sheaths; raceme loosely several- (7-) to manyflowered, with a fractiflex rachis. Floral bracts semiamplexicaul, concave, ciliatedentate. Flowers very small, white and green (often various other shades), with wide-spreading, membranaceous segments. Dorsal sepal cuneate-spatulate, concave, rounded at the apex, ciliate-dentate above, subdensely setose without, about
wide when expanded, 3-nerved. Lateral sepals similar but rounded at the apex, dorsally setose, 1-nerved. Sepals sometimes smaller. Petals suborbicular-obovate, very broadly rounded to subtruncate at the apex, irregularly dentate, 2-nerved with the mid-nerve once branched, about 2.5 mm. long and slightly wider above. Lip
3
mm.
long and 2
mm.
slightly shorter, oblong-obovate, concave, broadly
somewhat exceeding the
rest of the perianth, broadly oblong-pandurate or pandurately ovate-subquadrate, slightly wider at the base, abruptly acute in the middle of the broadly rounded or lightly retuse apex, subcordate at the sessile base, 5- to 7-nerved, with the basal half entirely concealed by a large, fleshy, ovateis concave and 3- to 5-lobulate within, about 3.5-4.5 mm. long and 2-3 mm. wide near the base. Column very small, fleshy-dilated below and at the apex in front, about 1 mm. high at the back, with an elongate, recurved rostellum.
suborbicular callus which
Loreto: Vicinity of Iquitos, 100 meters, King 10022, 10023, 10108. Also Surinam (type) and Brazil.
926
30
Ornithocephalus gladiatus Hook. Exot.

Cogn. Urban Symb.
Antill. 6: 632. 1910.
Fl. 2:
t.
127. 1824;
Ornithocephalus gladiatus Hook. var. peruvianus C. Schweinf. Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 14: 77. 1949.
Plant small for the genus, epiphytic. Stems very short, entirely concealed by a cluster of leaf-sheaths which are deeply imbricating, conduplicate and have a broad scarious border on the upper margin. Leaves oblanceolate or linear-oblan-
up
ceolate to oblong (rarely elliptic-lanceolate), abruptly acute, more or less oblique, to 6 cm. long and 7 mm. wide (the outer blades much smaller), about 9 to 12 to
a plant. Scapes lateral in the axils of leaf-sheaths, shorter than or markedly exceeding the leaves, glabrous and narrowly bialate, about 3-6 cm. long, suberect to arcuate-recurved; peduncle short, with several amplexicaul, spreading sheaths; raceme loosely few- (4- or 5-) flowered. Floral bracts amplexicaul, ovate, concave,
Flowers small, with membranaceous wide-spreading segments, white ciliolate. with green markings. Dorsal sepal suborbicular, deeply concave, dorsally carinate with the keel extended into a prominent mucro, glabrous without, about
3 mm. long (including the mucro) and 2.5 mm. wide. Lateral sepals very similar but slightly shorter and narrower, oblique. Petals much larger than the sepals, cuneate-obovate, abruptly dilated above, very broadly rounded at the apex, about 3 mm. long and broader above, 2- to 3-nerved with the mid-nerve carinate. Lip simple, sharply inflexed in natural position, navicular-concave, linear-oblong
when
expanded, slightly narrowed below, abruptly acute (rarely obtuse), about 5.76 mm. long, up to 2 mm. wide near the apex, 3-nerved, the entire base concealed (the margins more or less exceeded) by a large, suborbicular-ovate callus which is cordate at the base and depressed-foveate in the center. Column very small, dilated at the base, about 1 mm. high at the back, with a conspicuous, elongate, decurved rostellum.
Hudnuco: Prov. of Hudnuco, Tingo Maria, on gravelly bank of Rio Huallaga, epiphyte, Asplund 12372. Junin: La Merced, about 610 meters, epiphyte in montana, Macbride 5480. Also Trinidad (type), Grenada and Tobago.
114. 1921;
Ornithocephalus longilabris Schltr. Fedde Repert. Beih. Mansf. Fedde Repert. 57: t. 130, nr. 508. 1929.
9:
Plant epiphytic, rather large for the genus, about 10-12 cm. high. Leaves 8-10, erect-spreading, equitant, linear-elliptic ("linear-ligulate"), acute, sometimes obliquely subfalcate, up to 10 cm. long and nearly 7 mm. wide in the middle. Scapes in the axils of the leaf-sheaths, erect-spreading to arcuate, up to 9 cm.
long, entirely muriculate-villous; peduncle 4-5 cm. long; raceme rather loosely 6- to 12-flowered, up to 4.5 cm. long. Bracts broadly ovate, apiculate, ciliatedentate. Flowers medium-sized for the genus, thin, with wide-spreading segments.
Dorsal sepal concave, oblong-elliptic, subacute ("obtuse"), serrate-dentate ("subcrenulate"), sparsely setose on the back, 1-nerved, about 3.25 mm. long and
2.1
mm.
wide.
Lateral sepals similar but narrower, oblique.
Petals obliquely
suborbicular-flabellate, about equally long
and broad,
slightly surpassing the sepals,
dentate on the broadly rounded apical margin, sparsely muriculate-papillose and
927
with an obtuse horn above the middle on the back. Lip narrowly cuneate-oblong (lingulate), slightly dilated above and contracted below, abruptly narrowed to an obtuse apex, 3-nerved, about 8.5 mm. long and 3 mm. wide above; disc at the base with a short, broad, trapezoid-rhombic callus protruding beyond the lateral margins. Column very short, with an elongate, narrow rostellum.
Cajamarca: Habitat not recorded, Lehmann 3370.
No

Soc.
Ornithocephalus patentilobus C. Schweinf. Am. Orch.

Bull. 16: 510,
t.,
1947.
Figure 178.
Plant large for the genus, epiphytic, up to about 14 cm. high. Stems abbreviated as in the genus, entirely concealed by the crowded, spreading leaf-sheaths which are conduplicate and scarious-margined on the upper edge. Leaves 8-10,
equitant,
spreading in a suborbicular cluster, narrowly elliptic-lanceolate to
linear-oblong or elliptic-oblong, acute (apiculate when young), more or less narrowed to an oblique base, often lightly oblique above, 3.7-10.1 cm. long, 0.8-1.2 cm. wide. Scapes lateral in the axils of leaf -sheaths, spreading or arcuate,
subequaling or slightly exceeding the leaves, about 8.2-15 cm. long, setulose throughout (very sparingly so on the basal portion), racemose above; peduncle with 3-5 remote, small, amplexicaul, spreading sheaths; raceme about 4-13 cm. Floral bracts small, spreading, amplexicaul, long, loosely 6- to 18-flowered. broadly ovate, glandular-ciliate. Flowers rather large for the genus, with membranaceous, wide-spreading or reflexed segments, "white and green, striped with dark green (hairy)." Dorsal sepal strongly concave, oblong-obovate, rounded at the apex, irregularly glandular-ciliate or ciliate-dentate, densely glandularsetulose on the outer surface, about 5 mm. long in natural position and subequally wide above. Lateral sepals similar, slightly oblique, as long as the dorsal sepal but slightly narrower. Petals spatulate-obovate or oblong-obovate, broadly rounded at the apex, irregularly dentate, longer and usually slightly wider above than the dorsal sepal. Lip distinctly larger than the other segments, deeply 3-lobed near the base, about 8 mm. long and 9.8 mm. wide across the lateral lobes when expanded; lateral lobes very small, erect in natural position, widespreading, triangular-oblong, oblique and lightly retrorse, acute or acuminate, with a few irregular teeth on the posterior margin toward the apex; mid-lobe many times larger, broadly pandurate-oblong, broadly rounded in front, about 7 mm. long and 5 mm. wide near the apex; disc with the entire central basal portion callose-thickened and pluridentate in front. Column small, about 2 mm. high at the back, abruptly dilated at the apex in front, with an elongated, deflexed,
linear rostellum.
Loreto: Vicinity of Iquitos, 100 meters, epiphyte in dense forest, King 10038.
C. Schweinf. Bot.
Ornithocephalus polyodon Reichb. f. Linnaea 41: 33. 1876; Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 13: 151. 1948.
Plant rather large and stout for the genus, epiphytic, about 11-19 cm. tall. Stems abbreviated, entirely concealed by 9-11 crowded sheaths of the leaves.
ORNITHOC^PHALUS
XV..
2, flower
:
6coto m nandlip;
928
'
929
Leaf-sheaths imbricating, conduplicate, with a scarious border on the upper Leaves elliptic-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, more or less acuminate, edge. commonly lightly oblique above, somewhat narrowed to the obliquely articulated
Scapes lateral base, about 3 (outer blades) -16 cm. long, 0.85-1.4 cm. wide. in the axils of leaf-sheaths, usually 2 to each plant, suberect or flexuous to arcuate,
about 9.5-19.5 cm. long, entirely glandular-setulose, racemose above; peduncle short, 4 cm. or more long, with 3 or more remote, spreading, semiamplexicaul sheaths; raceme up to 14.5 cm. long, loose to subdense, several- (8-) to manyflowered.
ciliolate.
Floral bracts spreading, suborbicular-ovate, semiamplexicaul, glandularFlowers rather large for the genus, with membranaceous, wide-spreading segments. Dorsal sepal deeply concave, suborbicular-obovate, broadly rounded at the apex, irregularly glandular-ciliate, rather densely glandular-setose on the outer surface, about 6 mm. long and 4 mm. wide. Lateral sepals oblongobovate, broadly rounded above, lightly concave, sparingly serrate, rather densely without, dorsally keeled, a little shorter and narrower than the
glandular-setose dorsal sepal. Petals cuneate-flabellate with recurved sides in natural position, oblong-obovate when expanded, broadly rounded at the apex, shorter than the shorter than the other sepals but subequally wide above. Lip deeply 3-lobed, in natural position with a saccate base, erect lateral lobes and a recurved segments mid-lobe, when expanded about 6.5 mm. long and slightly broader across the convex base; lateral lobes small, divaricate, triangular-oblong, with a recurved, rather abruptly narrowed apex; mid-lobe larger, subquadrate-ovate when expanded, above to an acute tip; disc with a transverse, subelliptical, pluridentate callus which extends as a toothed ridge from the base of the lateral lobes, continues
in a
the mid-lobe.
curved line in front of the lateral lobes and is extended across the base of Column very small, clavate, with a reflexed, linear rostellum.
Loreto: Rio Mazan, 100-125 meters, Schunke 391.

(type).
Also Ecuador
NOTYLIA
A
sized
Lindl.
mediumAmerican epiphytes ranging from Mexico through Central America and the West Indies to Brazil and Argentina.
rather small but perplexing genus of very small to
Rhizome abbreviated. Stems very short, usually developed into pseudobulbs. Pseudobulbs often clustered, small, unifoliate. Leaves commonly flat, linear to arcuate oblong or elliptic, or rarely equitant. Scapes lateral, basal, usually or recurved, racemose or rarely paniculate above. Flowers small, dense or lax.
free, lanceolate, oblong or ovate-oblong, strongly concave, usually Lateral sepals subequal, free or commonly more or less connate, lightly oblique. Petals similar to the sepals, oblique. Lip commonly unguiculate; lamina simple, ovate, lanceolate, pandurate or rarely obovate. Column stout or Pollinia 2. usually slender, wingless, footless. Anther dorsal, deeply concave.
Dorsal sepal
fornicate.
Al. A2.
la.
Leaves equitant Leaves flat, not equitant

Leaf-blades articulated to a sheath; lamina of the
lip
triangular-hastate
above
Ib.
N. Wullschlaegeliana
Leaf-blades not articulated to a sheath; lamina of the lip not triangular1 hastate
930
la.
30
Leaves numerous, erect or incurved; sepals and petals setaceous-acuminate.
N.
Ib.
coffeicola
Leaves few, more or
less
recurved; sepals and petals acute or short-acuminate.
N.
2a.
mirabilis
of the lateral sepals deeply bidentate with sharply recurved apices; leaves linear or nearly so 3
Lamina Lamina
2b.
3a.
of the lateral sepals minutely bidentate, without recurving tips; leaves oblong (rarely linear-oblong) to elliptic-oblong or oval 5
N. rhombilabia Lip sessile, without a distinct claw, long-acuminate 4 Lip distinctly short-clawed, abruptly acute or apiculate 4a. Raceme dense; sepals about 4 mm. long; petals acute or short-acuminate; N. boliviensis lip subquadrate-ovate 4b. Raceme loose; sepals about 3.5 mm. long; petals obtuse; lip ovate-suborbic3b.
5a.
N. peruviana (Dipteranthus peruvianus) 6 Lip shorter than the column (usually distinctly so) 5b. Lip longer than the column (usually distinctly so) 7
ular
less wide; lamina of the lip not sigmoid, cuneate at the base, often gradually merging into the claw N. parvilabia Leaf 2.7 cm. or more wide; lamina of the lip strongly sigmoid when viewed from the side, with an abrupt or subcordate base 2V. conduplicans
6a.
Leaf 1.4 cm. or
6b.
7a.
7b.
8a.
Petals equally long with the lip; lip obtuse N. Koehleri Petals longer than the lip (often much longer) ; lip acute to long-acuminate 8 Flowers fleshy; lip acute or short-acuminate; column stout, short, minutely
.
.
8b.
pubescent Flowers membranaceous;
N.
lip
carnosiflora
long-acuminate; column slender, glabrous. N. Buchtienii (N. moyobambae)
Notylia boliviensis Schltr. Fedde Repert. Beih. 10: 53. 1922; Mansf. Fedde Repert. Beih. 57: t. 141, nr. 553. 1929.
Plant slender, epiphytic, 10.5-12 cm. high. Rhizome abbreviated. Pseudobulbs caespitose, slender, cylindric, compressed, unifoliate, 1-1.5 cm. high, mostly concealed by several pairs of distichous, closely imbricating sheaths of which the upper pair is leaf-bearing. Leaves oblong-linear to elliptic-linear, obtuse and obliquely bilobed with an apicule, cuneate-narrowed to a conduplicate base, 6.3-11 cm. long, 0.7-1.7 cm. wide. Inflorescence lateral, basal, spreading, occasionally once-forked; peduncle slender, 2-4 cm. long, with a few remote sheaths; raceme (or panicle) about 8 cm. long, densely many-flowered. Bracts spreading, Flowers small, memlinear-lanceolate, about equaling the pedicellate ovary. Dorsal sepal strongly fornicate, branaceous, light yellow, entirely glabrous.
concave,
4
when expanded lanceolate-oblong,
obtuse, dorsally conic-apiculate, nearly
about 1 mm. wide. Lateral sepals connate into an oblong-elliptic, concave lamina which is about as long as the dorsal sepal but twice as wide and Petals is sharply bidentate (often as far as the middle), with recurved apices.
long,
mm.
obliquely elliptic-lanceolate ("ligulate"), acute ("acuminate"), distinctly shorter and narrower than the sepals. Lip very shortly clawed, about 3.5 mm. long; lamina subquadrate-ovate, abruptly acute or apiculate, truncate at the base,
2.25-3
long.
mm.
wide; disc with a low carinate keel extending nearly to the middle
(the type description says the lip is ecarinate).
Column
cylindric,
about 2
mm.
931
King 10027.
Loreto: Vicinity of Iquitos, 100 meters, epiphyte beside the river, Also Bolivia (type).
Notylia Buchtienii Schltr. Fedde Repert. 10: 458. 1912; Mansf. Fedde Repert. Beih. 58: t. 55, nr. 217. 1930; C. Schweinf. Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 12: 198. 1946. Notylia moyobambae Schltr. Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 108. 1921; Mansf. Fedde Repert. Beih. 57:
t.
127, nr. 498. 1929.
Plant epiphytic, very variable. Rhizome abbreviated. Pseudobulbs solitary or often approximate, cylindric, compressed, unifoliate, 1.5-2.9 cm. long, invested by several closely imbricating, distichous sheaths of which the upper 1 to 3 pairs
Leaves elliptic to elliptic-oblong or oval (rarely oblong-oblancebroadly rounded and sometimes oblique at the apex, cuneate below to a sessile or short-petioled, channelled base, 3-13 cm. long, 1.1-4 cm. wide, coriaceous. Inflorescence spreading, arcuate or recurved, lateral, basal, 12-30 cm. long; peduncle with several short, loose sheaths which are remote above and imbricating at the base; raceme densely many-flowered, 7-19 cm. long. Floral bracts small, linear-lanceolate, spreading or reflexed, much shorter than the pedicellate ovary. Flowers small, membranaceous, pale yellow, or deep yellow and white dotted with orange, entirely glabrous. Dorsal sepal strongly fornicate and concave, when expanded lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute to subacute, 5.5-7 mm. long, 2 mm. wide. Lateral sepals connate into a deeply concave, oblong-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate lamina which is shortly bidentate at the apex and is subequal to the dorsal sepal or slightly longer and wider. Petals oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, slightly smaller than the dorsal sepal, more or less oblique and falcate. Lip prominently clawed, about 5 mm. or less long; claw up to 1.6 mm. long, linear, carinate-thickened; lamina triangular-lanceolate, long-acuminate, fleshythickened, up to 2.4 mm. wide across the cordate to truncate or rounded base; disc with a keel (extending from the claw) onto the lower part. Column cylindric, slender, glabrous, more or less dilated at the base, reflexed near the apex, up to
are leaf-bearing.
olate),
3.1
mm.
long.
Amazonas: Prov. of Bagua, Rio Utcabamba Valley, Cerro Tapur, Hacienda Misqui, 1200 meters, Hutchison 151 7. Loreto Near Moyobamba, Filomeno s.n. (type of N. moyobambae). Vicinity of Iquitos, 100 meters, in dense forest, King 10051, 10059. San Martin: Tarapoto, Alto Rio Huallaga, 360-900 meters, Williams 6183. Also Bolivia (type of N. Buchtienii).
:
Notylia carnosiflora C. Schweinf. Bot. Mus.

Univ. 12: 199,
unifoliate,
t.
Leafl.
Harvard
28, figs. 1-7. 1946.
Figure 179.
Plant small. Rhizome abbreviated. Pseudobulb short, complanate-cylindric, about 1 cm. high, invested by several distichous, closely imbricating sheaths of which the upper pair is leaf-bearing. Leaves elliptic-oblong, rounded at the apex, shortly cuneate-narrowed below with a complicate base, 4.6-6.2 cm. long, 1.3-1.9 cm. wide, thickly coriaceous. Inflorescence lateral, basal, arcuaterecurved, about equaling the leaves or shorter; peduncle about 3.5 cm. long,
932
FIELDI ANA: BOTANY,
VOLUME
30
with a few sheaths which are remote above; raceme about 3 cm. long, subdensely several-flowered, with small, reflexed bracts. Flowers small, reflexed, with spreading fleshy segments. Dorsal sepal strongly fornicate and concave, oblong, acute, about 7.5 mm. or less long in natural position, about 2.6 mm. wide when expanded. Lateral sepals connate into an elliptic-oblong, tubular-concave lamina which is minutely bidentate at the apex, about as long as the dorsal sepal but slightly
wider. Petals obliquely elliptic-lanceolate or oblong-oblanceolate, falcate-incurved, acute, distinctly shorter and narrower than the dorsal sepal. Lip spreading from
the column at a right angle, very shortly clawed, about 3.5 mm. long; claw abbreviated, very fleshy, about 0.75 mm. long; lamina triangularôvate, acute or shortacuminate, subcordate at the base, about 2.9 mm. long, up to 2 mm. wide at the base; disc with a fleshy, minutely pubescent callus (continued from the claw)
through the lower portion. Column short, stout, commonly dilated at the base, about 2.9 mm. high, minutely pubescent.
Junin: Chanchamayo Valley, 1800 meters, Schunke Herb. Chicago Nat. Hist. Mus. No. 571652).
s.n.
(type in
Notylia coffeicola Schltr. Fedde Repert. Fedde Repert. Beih. 58: t. 55, nr. 218. 1930.
10: 393. 1912;
Mansf.
Plant small, epiphytic, 3-8 cm. tall. Rhizome and entirely concealed by a suborbicular cluster of leaves.
stem much abbreviated, Leaves equitant, closely
and
radially imbricating,
numerous
less distinctly falcate-incurved,
(11 or more), oblong-lanceolate, more or acute or short-acuminate with a minute mucro,
6-40 mm. long, up to 6.5 mm. wide, coriaceous. Inflorescences lateral, axillary, spreading or recurved, commonly surpassing the leaves; peduncle filiform, with several remote, small, loose sheaths; flower-cluster either an abbreviated, fewto several-flowered, subcapitate raceme or a panicle consisting of a few congested, appressed, few-flowered branches. Flowers large for the plant, spreading, with membranaceous, glabrous, spreading segments. Dorsal sepal fornicate and deeply concave, when expanded linear-lanceolate, setaceous-acuminate, about 9.5 mm. or less long and 1.3 mm. wide. Lateral sepals linear, setaceous-acuminate, connate near the base, a little longer (1.3 cm. or less) and narrower than the dorsal sepal.
Petals obliquely linear-lanceolate, setaceous-acuminate, very slightly longer than the dorsal sepal and equally wide. Lip narrowly elliptic-lanceolate in outline, 8.2-9 mm. long, setaceous-acuminate, the basal portion narrowly unguiculate
with a pair of minute, fleshy auricles below the middle, the central portion rhombicColumn slender, lanceolate or ovate and about 2 mm. wide near the middle. cylindric, clavate above, about 4 mm. high.
Junin: Chanchamayo Valley, Rio Blanco, Hacienda St. Teresa, about 1400 meters, on coffee trees, Koehler s.n. (type). Chanchamayo Valley, 1800 meters, Schunke 539. Same locality, 1500 meters, Schunke 1213, 1214- Schunke Hacienda, above San Ramon, 13001700 meters, in dense forest, Schunke A 51
.
Notylia conduplicans C. Schweinf. Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 12: 200, t. 25. 1946. Notylia Amesii Smith & Harris, Contrib.
N. mirafrids
C/
NOXYLJA
ora carnos iji fo
3,
FIG. 179. Notylia carnosiflora C. Schweinf. 1, plant; dorsal sepal; X 4. 4, petal; X 4. 5, lateral sepals; 4.
1.
2, flower;
2.
6, lip
and column from
side;
8,
4.
7, lip
1.
from above, expanded;
6.
Notylia mirabilis C. Schweinf.
plant; sepal; X
X
6.
9, flower;
5.
10, dorsal sepal;
6.
11, petal;
6.
12, lateral
13, lip
from above;
6.
14, lip
from
side;
6.
933
934
30
(as to color
Gray Herb. Harvard Univ. 117 (1937), 40, in part Peruvian specimens). Figure 180.
and
Plant medium-sized, 28-33 cm. high, epiphytic. Rhizome abbreviated. Pseudobulbs small, complanate-cylindric, unifoliate, about 1.5 cm. high, surrounded and mostly concealed by several pairs of distichous, closely imbricating sheaths of which the upper one or two sheaths are leaf-bearing. Leaves oblong or elliptic-oblong, broadly rounded above (often with slightly unequal lobes), more or less narrowed to a cuneate, conduplicate base, 8.2-18.2 cm. long, 2.7-3.1 cm. wide. Inflorescence lateral, basal, gently arcuate-spreading or deflexed; peduncle about 9.5 cm. or less long, bearing several remote, short, tubular sheaths; raceme 21-22 cm. long, densely many-flowered. Flowers reflexed, small, bright green and white, glabrous throughout, with widely spreading, membranaceous Dorsal sepal strongly fornicate and concave, lanceolate-oblong or segments. elliptic-oblong, about 5.6 mm. or less long in natural position and 2.2 mm. wide when expanded, obtuse, carinate above the middle. Lateral sepals connate into a lanceolate-oblong, tubular-concave lamina which is very shortly bidentate at the apex, a little shorter and narrower than the dorsal sepal. Petals obliquely oblong, acute, somewhat shorter than the dorsal sepal and half as wide. Lip adnate to the base of the column, about 3 mm. or less long, prominently clawed; claw narrow, about 1 mm. long, with a high central keel extending onto the middle of the lamina; lamina with conduplicate sides, recurved and sigmoid when viewed from the side, when expanded ovate-cordate, up to 2 mm. in greatest length, about 1.6 mm. wide. Column cylindric, abruptly reflexed near the apex,
3.1-3.9
mm.
high at the back.
Loreto: Mishuyacu, near Iquitos, 100 meters, in forest, Klug 999. Vicinity of Iquitos, 100 meters, in dense forest, Klug 10031 (type).
Also Venezuela.
Notylia Koehleri Schltr. Fedde Repert. Fedde Repert. Beih. 58: t. 55, nr. 220. 1930.
10: 393. 1912; Mansf.
Plant low, epiphytic, about 6 cm. high. Rhizome abbreviated. Pseudobulbs aggregated, oblong-cylindric, unifoliate, 1-1.5 cm. high, surrounded and more or less concealed by several pairs of distichous, closely imbricating sheaths of which the upper ones are leaf-bearing. Leaves oblong-elliptic or oblong, obtuse to rounded and often unequally bilobed at the apex, cuneate below with a conduplicate base, 4-5 cm. long, about 8-12
mm.
wide.
Inflorescence lateral, basal,
arcuate, distinctly exceeding the leaves, about 10 cm. long; peduncle about 3.5 cm. long, with several short, remote sheaths; raceme densely many-flowered, about
cm. long. Flowers small, reflexed, entirely glabrous, with spreading segments. Dorsal sepal strongly fornicate and concave in natural position, when expanded oblong-lanceolate ("narrowly oblong"), obtuse, about 6 mm. or less long and 1.6 mm. wide. Lateral sepals connate into a concave, elliptic-oblong lamina which is lightly retuse at the apex, about as long as the dorsal sepal but broader.
6.4
Petals obliquely elliptic-lanceolate ("subfalcate-ligulate"), subobtuse, slightly shorter and narrower than the dorsal sepal. Lip shortly clawed, about 5 mm.
long and equaling the petals; claw small, mostly occupied by a fleshy carinate callus which extends onto the lower part of the lamina; lamina triangular-lanceolate
NO1 "YJÎ A.
cone) up fi cans
Notylia conduplicans C. Schweinf.
dorsal sepal;
&. Ocn we in
ft.
FIG. 180.
side;
1,
5,
plant;
A-
2,
flower from
6,
X
lip
4.
3,
8.
4, petal;
8.
lateral sepals;
8.
column
and
from
side;
8.
935
936
FIELDIANA: BOTANY, VOLUME ,30

mm.
or ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, rounded or subtruncate at the base, about 2.2 wide. Column cylindric, about 3 mm. high.
Junin:
Chanchamayo
Valley, Rio Blanco,

trees,
Hacienda
St. Teresa,
about 1400 meters, on coffee
Koehler
s.n.
Notylia mirabilis C. Schweinf. Bot. Mus.

12: 202,
t.
Leafl.
Harvard Univ.
28, figs.
8-14. 1946.
Figure 179.
Plant very small, epiphytic, caespitose, about 2.5-4 cm. high. Rhizome abbreviated. Stems abbreviated, entirely concealed by the flabelliform clusters of leaves. Leaves equitant, closely imbricated, about 6 (3 on each side), obliquely
linear-lanceolate or elliptic-linear, commonly strongly falcaterecurved, acute to subobtuse, unjointed to sheaths at the base, about 1.4 cm. or less long (from the apex to the base on the lower side), 1.5-3.5 mm. wide. Inflorescence filiform, erect to slightly arcuate, much surpassing the clusters of leaves, apparently 2.5-3.5 cm. long, provided near the apex with several ascend-
linear-oblong,
Floral bracts minute, ovate, concave. strict, 1- to few-flowered branches. Flowers small, thinly membranaceous, light lilac and dark violet, with widely spreading segments. Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong or elliptic-ovate, acute, deeply concave, dorsally carinate below, about 3.6 mm. or less long and 2 mm. or less Lateral sepals connate at the very base, obliquely elliptic-lanceolate, wide. acuminate, carinate near the base, longer and much narrower than the dorsal sepal. Petals lanceolate, narrowed to an acute apex, about as long as the lateral sepals and slightly wider. Lip about equaling the lateral sepals, prominently clawed; claw relatively long and slender, fleshy, sub terete, somewhat dilated above, about 1.3 mm. or less long; lamina concave, simple, obovate when expanded, broadly rounded in front with a prominent apicule, auriculate at the base, about
ing to
2.8
mm.
long and 2
at the apex, about 2
mm. wide. mm. high.
Column
slender below, very abruptly dilated
Loreto: Vicinity of Iquitos, 100 meters, on dead tree, Klug 10112.
Notylia parvilabia C. Schweinf. Bot. Mus.

12: 203,
t.
Leafl.
Harvard Univ.
26. 1946.
Figure 181.
Plant small, caespitose. Rhizome abbreviated. Pseudobulbs small, aggregated, complanate-cylindric, unifoliate, about 1.3 cm. or less high, invested and partially concealed by several distichous, closely imbricating sheaths of which the upper one or two on each side are leaf-bearing. Leaves oblong or oblanceolate-oblong, bilobed at the apex with slightly unequal lobes, more or less narrowed below with
a conduplicate base, 4.8-11.3 cm. long, about 1.4 cm. or less wide, thickly coriaceous. Inflorescence lateral, basal, solitary, arcuate-recurved, more or less surpassing the leaves; peduncle up to 7.5 cm. long, provided with a few short, erect-spreading sheaths which are remote above and imbricating at the base. Raceme densely many-flowered, incomplete in the specimens at hand. Floral
Flowers small, reflexed, entirely glabrous, with widely spreading, subfleshy segments. Dorsal sepal strongly fornicate and concave, when expanded lanceolate-oblong, acute, about 5 mm. or less long and 2 mm. wide. Lateral sepals connate into an oblong-lanceolate or lanceolateelliptic, deeply concave lamina which is minutely bidentate at the apex, and is
bracts short, linear-lanceolate, reflexed.
NOXYLJA
pari)ia(sia.
U.
OcfiuveinJ.
5.
FIG. 181. Notylia parvilabia C. Schweinf. 1, plant; X 3, dorsal sepal; X 8. 4, petal; X 8. 5, lateral sepals;
side;
1.
2,
8.
flower from side;

6, lip
and column
from
8.
7, lip
from above, expanded;
16.
937
938
FIELDI ANA: BOTANY,
VOLUME
30
about as long and wide as the dorsal sepal.

olate-oblong, subacute,
Petals lanceolate-oblong or oblanceor less oblique, shorter and noticeably narrower than the sepals. Lip small, adnate to the base of the column, distinctly shorter than the column, conspicuously clawed, up to 2.2 mm. long; claw about 1 mm. or less long, gradually merging into the lamina, with a high central keel which
more
extends to about the middle of the lamina; lamina rhombic-ovate with incurved narrowed to a subacute apex, about 1.4 mm. wide when expanded. Column long, cylindric, abruptly recurved at the apex, about 3.5 mm. or less long, more
sides,
or less clavate.
Junin: Chanchamayo Valley, 1200 meters, Schunke 2054 (type in Herb. Chicago Nat. Hist. Mus.). Same locality, 1500 meters, Schunke 1106.
Notylia peruviana (Schltr.) C. Schweinf. Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 12: 205. 1946. Dipteranthus peruvianus Schltr. Orchis 10:
187,
t.
44, figs. 8-16. 1916.
Plant epiphytic, slender, up to 12 cm. high, with an abbreviated rhizome. Pseudobulbs cylindric, slightly compressed, unifoliate, 1.3-1.5 cm. high. Leaf erect, ligulate, subobtuse, slightly narrowed below, about 8.5 cm. long, nearly Inflorescence pendent, 10-13 cm. long; peduncle slender, with a 1 cm. wide. few remote, clasping sheaths; raceme laxly many-flowered. Flowers small, pale yellow with a yellow lip, glabrous. Dorsal sepal deeply concave, lanceolateoblong ("oblong-ligulate"), subobtuse, about 3.5 mm. long and 1.1 mm. wide. Lateral sepals connate into a subequally long, oblong-elliptic, concave lamina which is deeply bidentate with falcate-diverging, acute lobes. Petals obliquely elliptic-oblong ("oblong-ligulate"), obtuse, cuneate below, about as long as the sepals. Lip very shortly clawed, somewhat shorter than the sepals; lamina ovatesuborbicular ("suborbicular"), lightly apiculate, subtruncate at the base, about 3.25 mm. long and 3 mm. wide below; claw and center of the lip below occupied
by a
fleshy, carinate callus. curved, about 2 mm. high.
Column
slender for the genus, glabrous, lightly re-
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Forget

St. Albans).
s.n. (sent to
Sander
&
Sons,
Notylia rhombilabia C. Schweinf. Bot. Mus.

Univ. 12: 206,
t.
Leafl.
Harvard
27. 1946.
Figure 182.
Plant medium-sized, slender. Rhizome apparently abbreviated. Pseudobulbs narrowly complanate-cylindric, unifoliate, up to 1.8 cm. high, invested and partly concealed by 2 or 3 pairs of distichous, deeply imbricating sheaths of which the upper one or two on each side are leaf-bearing. Leaves linear or ellipticlinear, subacute with a conspicuous caducous mucro, slightly cuneate-narrowed below to a conduplicate base, up to 13.2 cm. long and 1.2 cm. wide (sometimes very small). Inflorescence lateral, basal, sharply deflexed near the base, usually much surpassing the leaves, subdensely racemose above, rarely once branched below; peduncle about 11.9 cm. or less long, provided with several small, erectspreading sheaths which are remote above and imbricating at the base; raceme
NOT^YKIA
FIG. 182. NotyliarhombilabiaC.SchwemL 1, plant; X 4 A- 2, flower, oblique view; X 4. 3, dorsal sepal; X 4. 4, petal; X 4. 5, lateral sepals; X 4. 6, lip from above, expanded; X 4. 7, lip and column from side; X 4. 8, anther; X 4.
939
940
30
10-13.6 cm. long, straight or flexuous. Floral bracts linear-lanceolate, the longest ones (at the base of the raceme) slightly shorter than the pedicellate ovary. Flowers reflexed, light green and white, entirely glabrous, with widely spreading Dorsal sepal strongly fornicate and segments. Sepals subfleshy, lip fleshy.
concave, when expanded lanceolate-oblong, acute, about 8 mm. long, up to 3 mm. Lateral sepals connate into an oblong-elliptic, deeply concave lamina wide. which is sharply bidentate to above the middle with the lobules recurved at the apex, a little shorter and broader than the dorsal sepal when expanded. Petals
linear, falcate-incurved,
acute, about as long as the lateral sepals but much narrower. Lip adnate to the column at the base, rhombic or ovate-rhombic with a cuneate, sessile base and rounded, spreading sides, long-acuminate above (often slightly incurved on each side), about 6 mm. long, up to 4.1 mm. wide; disc with a low, callose keel extending from the base to about the middle. Column cylindric, slightly tapering above, about 4.8 mm. high at the back, somewhat sigmoid-recurved near the apex.
Loreto: Vicinity of Iquitos, 100 meters, epiphyte in dense forest, Klug 10028.
Reichb.
135,
t.
Notylia Wullschlaegeliana Focke, Bot. Zeit. 11: 343. 1853; f. Xen. Orch. 1: 46. 1854; Cogn. Martius Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6:
38,
fig. 3.
1904.
Plant very small, caespitose, epiphytic, about 5 cm. or less high. Rhizome abbreviated. Pseudobulb very small, strongly complanate, oblong-ellipsoid to suborbicular, unifoliate, about 4.5 mm. high, more or less concealed by 1 to several Leaves in a semipairs of distichous, deeply imbricated, leaf-bearing sheaths.
orbicular-flabellate cluster, equitant, obliquely elliptic-lanceolate,
falcate, acute to subacute,
sometimes lightly
cuneate below, apparently very fleshy, up to 2 cm.

articulated to sheaths.
Inflorescences lateral, basal,
long and 5
mm.
wide,
all
filiform, suberect or arcuate, a little longer
than the leaves; peduncle up to 4 cm. long, provided with a very few small, remote sheaths; flower-cluster consisting of a subumbellate, few-flowered raceme which is frequently at the apex of 2 or
Floral bracts minute, ovate, much shorter than^the widely spreading, filiform, pedicellate ovary. Flowers small but large for the plant, greenish or whitish with purple spots, the floral segments widely spreading and translucent. Dorsal sepal lightly fornicate and deeply concave, when ex3 strict, unequal branches.
panded
or less wide.
linear-lanceolate, long-acuminate, about 7 mm. or less long and 1.8 mm. Lateral sepals free to the base, obliquely elliptic-linear, setaceous-
acuminate, about as long as the dorsal sepal but
much
narrower.
Petals obliquely
linear-lanceolate, setaceous-acuminate, slightly shorter than the sepals and about as wide as the lateral sepals. Lip adnate to the column above the base of the
latter, 5.5-6
lamina about 5
mm. long, with a short, linear or narrowly cuneate, fleshy claw; mm. long, the lower third fleshy-auriculate at the base and oblong-
linear above, the
middle portion abruptly semiorbicular- or ovate-dilated with a cordate base and erose-denticulate sides, and the anterior part narrowly triangular and setaceous-acuminate. Column filiform, abruptly recurved at the dilated apex,
5-6
mm.
high.
Loreto: Vicinity of Iquitos, 100 meters, flowers silver-white, light and dark lilac, Klug 10122. Also Surinam (type), and Costa Rica.
941
CRYPTARRHENA
A
R. Br.
Small or medium-sized American epiphytes extending from Mexico through Central America and the West Indies to Surinam,
Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.

tively
single variable species
now
posi-
known
in Peru.
Stems abbreviated (sometimes thickened into a unifoliate pseudobulb), often mostly or entirely concealed by several distichous, deeply imbricated, leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves several to subnumerous, spreading, narrow, articulated to sheaths. Inflorescences lateral, axillary, commonly more or less surpassing the leaves, erect or arcuate, bearing several- to many-flowered racemes above.
clustered,
Flowers small. Sepals subequal, free, spreading, the lateral ones oblique. Petals similar to the sepals, often narrowed toward the base. Lip continuous with the base of the column, spreading, 3- or 4-lobed, with a distinct, usually long, carinatethickened claw.
of the linear stipe.
Column
short, thickened above, wingless, footless.
Anther
opercular, incumbent.
Pollinia 4, attached in pairs to the slightly dilated apex
Al. A2.
All the lobes of the lip linear-falcate
and subequal; petals
linear-lanceolate. C. acrensis
Lobes of the lip consisting of 2 unequal pairs, the anterior lobes relatively C. lunata short and broad; petals obovate-oblong
Cryptarrhena acrensis
1914.
Schltr. Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berl. 6: 126.
Plant rather small, stemless, epiphytic. Leaves ligulate, obliquely acute, 4-6 to a plant, up to 8 cm. long and 1.5 cm. wide. Scapes surpassing the leaves, loosely racemose and many-flowered above, up to 12 cm. long. Flowers small, whitish, with spreading or recurved segments. Sepals and petals linear-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, glabrous, about 5 mm. long. Lip clawed; claw rather long, with a rather high fleshy keel; lamina 4-lobed, produced in front into a mucro a little shorter than the lobes; lobes linear-falcate, recurved, acuminate, about equal. Column short, clavate, glabrous, footless, with a rather high clinandrium
and a lanceolate, acute, erect rostellum.
"Peru": Alto Acre Territory near the Auristella Rubber Plantaabout 350 meters, Ule 89. This locality appears at present to be within the boundaries of Brazil.
tion,
No
was
available.
Cryptarrhena lunata R. Br. Bot. Reg. 2: t. 153. 1816; Cogn. Urban Symb. Antill. 6: 633. 1910; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 313. 1922; C. Schweinf. Bot. Mus. Lean. Harvard Univ. 8: 52. 1940. Clinhymenia pallidiflora A. Rich. & Gal. Compt. Rend.
Acad.
Sci. Paris 18: 512. 1844,
nomen.
Orchidofunckia pallidiflora
942
30
A. Rich.
3, pt. 6:
&
Kegelii Reichb.
Gal. Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 3, 3: 24. 1845. Cryptarrhena f. Bot. Zeit. 10: 766. 1852; Cogn. Martius Fl. Bras.
228, t. 94, fig. 1. 1905. Cryptarrhena pallidiflora Reichb. f. Bot. Zeit. 10: 766. 1852; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 80), 314. 1922. Cryptarrhena unguiculata Schltr. Fedde Repert. Beih. 8:
103. 1921; Mansf.
Fedde Repert. Beih.
57:
t.
99, nr. 389. 1929.
Figure 183.
short, entirely concealed
Plants small to rather large, caespitose, about 15-35 cm. tall. Stems very by deeply imbricating, distichous sheaths which are Leaves approximate, successively larger upward and commonly leaf-bearing. about 3-7 to a plant, elliptic-linear to oblong-linear or oblanceolate-linear, acute to subacute at the more or less oblique and sometimes bilobed apex, narrowed to a complicate base, wide-spreading in flabelliform clusters, about 5-25 cm.
long, 0.5-2.5 cm. wide, the outermost blade usually much smaller. Scapes lateral in the axils of the leaf-bearing sheaths, erect to arcuate, more or less surpassing the leaves, subdensely racemose above, about 31.5 cm. or less long; peduncle
about 5-13 cm. long, with several remote, narrow, acute or acuminate sheaths; raceme many-flowered, more or less elongate, about 8-23 cm. long. Flowers very small, with wide-spreading segments, green (rarely whitish), yellow or orange. Dorsal sepal oblong to elliptic-lanceolate, rounded to acute and apiculate
at the apex, concave, 4.1-5
elliptic-lanceolate,
mm.
long, 1.6-2
mm.
wide.
Lateral sepals obliquely
acuminate, subequally long with the dorsal sepal or a little longer and slightly wider. Petals obovate-oblong, acute to rounded and apiculate at the apex, distinctly shorter than the sepals but about as wide as the lateral
sepals or wider, with the upper margins irregularly
and often minutely denticulate. Lip long-clawed, somewhat exceeding the sepals, about 4.6-5.2 mm. long from the base of the column to the apex of a spreading anterior lobule; claw linear, wholly occupied by a high, fleshy callus, about 2-2.2 mm. long; lamina transversely subquadrate or trapeziform in outline, deeply 3- or 4-lobed, sessile at the broadly cuneate base, retuse to bilobed in front; lateral lobes from a broadly
triangular base extended into a linear, falcate-recurved lamina which is often abruptly reflexed above; mid-lobe divided into 2, more or less spreading, relatively
short, subquadrate, triangular or lanceolate lobules which are more or less denticulate on the apical margin. Column short, stout, somewhat dilated upward,
about 2.8-3
mm.
late clinandrium.
high at the back, terminating in a large, erect, concave, denticuSometimes the flowers are recorded with markedly smaller
measurements.
Junin Rio Pinedo, north of La Merced, 700-900 meters, epiphyte

:
Smith 23651. Loreto: San Isidro, at the in dense woods, Killip mouth of the Pastaza River, 135 meters, Tessmann 4983. Vicinity
of Iquitos, 100 meters, epiphyte in dense forest,
&
Klug 10086.
A wide-
species extending from Mexico (type of Orchidofunckia pallidiflora) to Costa Rica, the West Indies (Jamaica, type of Cryptarrhena lunata, and Trinidad) and to most of northern South America (types of Cryptarrhena Kegelii and C. unguiculata}
spread and variable
Cryptarrhena lunata R. Br. 1, plant; X H- 2, flower, front-side view; X 4. Drawn by D. E. Tibbits. Adapted in part from Fawcett and Rendle, Flora of Jamaica 1: pi. 30. 1910.
FIG. 183.
view;
3.
3, lip, side
943
944
30
MACRADENIA
R. Br.
A small genus of tropical American epiphytes extending from Florida (U.S.A.) and Guatemala through Central America and in South America southward to Brazil and Paraguay. But one species
appears at present to occur in Peru.
Plants medium-sized, with the habit and in the alliance of Notylia. Rhizome Pseudobulbs aggregated, mostly narrow, 1-leaved. Leaves linear to elliptic, more or less coriaceous. Scapes lateral, basal, suberect to nodding, shorter than or surpassing the leaves, racemose above. Racemes laxly fewabbreviated.
monly a
to many-flowered. Sepals nearly equal, free, spreading. Petals similar, comlittle smaller. Lip sessile and continuous with the column, prominently
3-lobed; lateral lobes erect, broad and embracing the column, relatively large, entire or dentate; mid-lobe relatively small, lanceolate or linear, spreading. Column stout, dilated upward, footless, provided with a conspicuous cup-like,
commonly lacerate-margined clinandrium and with a prominent rostellum. Anther erect in the bottom of the clinandrium, oblong-cylindric, more or less decurved.
Pollinia 2,
on a
linear or triangular stipe.
Macradenia tridentata
62,
t.,
C. Schweinf.
Am.
1945.
Figure 184.
Plant medium-sized, with an abbreviated rhizome, up to 22.5 cm. high. Pseudobulbs approximate, cauliform to very narrowly pyriform-cylindric, unifoliate, 1.5-4 cm. high. Leaves very variable, linear, oblong or narrowly ellipticoblong, acute or acuminate, cuneate-narrowed below to a short sulcate petiole, 9-15.7 cm. long, 3.5-18 mm. wide, subcoriaceous. Scapes lateral, basal, suberect to arcuate-spreading, shorter than or somewhat exceeding the leaves, 11-24 cm. long, racemose above; peduncle with several scarious, infundibuliform sheaths which are remote above and imbricated at the base; raceme loosely several- to many-flowered, 4.7-15 cm. long. Floral bracts horizontally spreading, triangular-lanceolate, acuminate, much shorter than the pedicellate ovary. Flowers submembranaceous, with spreading segments. Dorsal sepal strongly concave, when expanded linear-lanceolate or linear-elliptic, acute, 13.3-15 mm. long, 3.2-3.8 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar but narrower. Petals similar to the sepals, distinctly smaller, oblique. Lip shorter than the other segments, deeply concave below, sharply 3-lobed near the middle, 8.3-9.3 mm. long, about 7 mm. wide across the lateral lobes when expanded; lateral lobes erect, relatively large, obliquely ovate or rhombic-ovate, acuminate, porrect; mid-lobe relatively small, linear, rather fleshy, slightly protruding beyond the lateral lobes, 4.2-4.9 mm. long, about 0.9 mm. wide; disc with a central linear (often indistinct) keel through the lower half and with a pair of linear, flat intramarginal keels near the base. Column stout, dilated upward, about 6.1 mm. high, with a cup-like, lacerate-
margined clinandrium which is produced in front into a pair of prominent, subquadrate wings and with a prominent linear rostellum. Anther erect, protuberant,
oblong-cylindric, deeply sulcate, decurved.
Loreto:
ters, flowers white,
Above Pongo de Manseriche, Creek Torompisa, 220 memaroon-spotted, Mexia 6358a (type). Vicinity
MACRAD^NIA.
trie) en
iaia
G Ocfi we in
ft.
~FlG, 184.
lip,
Macradenia
tridentata C. Schweinf.
3, lip
1,
natural position;
2. 6, lateral
4.
expanded;
4.
4,
plant; X dorsal sepal;
2,
column and
2.
5,
petal;
sepal;
2.
945
946
FIELDIANA: BOTANY,
VOLUME
30
of Iquitos, 100 meters, "fls. greenish red-brown, white

let," King 10089.
and dark
vio-
TELIPOGON HBK.
or
decumbent lower portion
Plants small to medium-sized, epiphytic or terrestrial, with a creeping rhizome of the stem. Stems very short or sometimes well-
developed, without pseudobulbs, sometimes branching above. Leaves few to numerous, distichous, commonly narrow, coriaceous or fleshy. Peduncles terminal, Flowers one to several, medium-sized erect, often elongate, racemose above. or more commonly large and showy, sometimes very small. Sepals subequal,
wide-spreading, narrow. Petals commonly much larger and often transverse, usually prominently veined and often reticulated. Lip very similar to the petals and often broader (more rarely smaller), commonly simple, sessile. Column
free,
Anther erect, usually abbreviated, footless, wingless, long-setose or hispid. distinctly 2-celled. Pollinia 4, 2 separate ones in each cell, unappendaged, affixed
to the slightly dilated apex of the linear stipe.
Plants frequent in Costa Rica and in northern South America (Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia).
Al.
A2.
la.
Stems Stems
known) elongate; peduncles many times longer than the leaves. .1 known) more or less abbreviated (at least not markedly elongate) 1 peduncles at most twice as long as the leaves
(if
.
(if
Petals 5-nerved; lip 7- to 9-nerved; flowers small, lip about 9
mm.
long.
T. Benedicli
Ib.
Petals 9- or 10-nerved; lip 11- to 13-nerved; flowers relatively large, lip about 2 cm. long T. Boissierianus
la.
Lip distinctly trilobulate with a fold on each side of the apex, than the petals
much
smaller T. Fritillum
2
Ib.
2a.
Lip simple, commonly larger (at least broader) than the petals Petals and lip oblong-elliptic, much (nearly twice) longer than broad.
Petals and lip not oblong-elliptic, usually than long
little
2b.
T. gymnostele longer than broad or broader 3

T. urceolatus
3a.
Lip about 49-nerved; petals urceolate, abruptly angle-dilated above.

Lip about 25-nerved or less; petals not urceolate nor abruptly dilated above. Anterior portion of the lip distinctly narrowed toward the apex
Anterior portion of the
lip
. .
3b.
4a.
4
5
4b.
5a.
not distinctly narrowed toward the apex
5b.
6a.
T. Vargasii Lip reticulate-veined throughout; column relatively long Lip not reticulate-veined (i.e., without cross-reticulation) column very short. 6 Petals 15- or 16-nerved; lip 1 9-nerved T. rhombipetalus
;
. .
6b.
7a.
Petals 7- to 11-nerved; lip 15- (rarely 17-) nerved
Lip suborbicular-ovate, distinctly narrowed in front, subequally long and T. latifolius broad; petals 9- to 11-nerved 7b. Lip transversely oblong-oval, only slightly narrowed in front, much broader than long; petals 7- to 9-nerved T. gnomus
8a.
Petals and lip wholly conspicuously reticulated (with prominent veins and horizontal reticulations) T. tessellatus

8b.
947
Petals and lip without cross-reticulations, or rarely (T. Hercules) with occasional obscure, oblique reticulations 9
9a.
Flowers relatively large,
lip
Flowers smaller, lip 2.6 cm. or lOa. Lip 21- to 25-nerved

9b.
about 3.3 cm. long and 4 cm. wide less long and 3.7 cm. or less wide
.T. Hercules
10
11
lOb.
lla.
Lip 13- to 17-nerved
12
lib.
12a.
Petals 13- to 15-nerved; lip about 25-nerved T. Papilio Petals 9- to 11-nerved, about 1.9-2.2 cm. long; lip 21-nerved T. radiatus 1 Petals much longer than wide; lip very broadly obovate or suborbicular, T. obovatus nearly as long as wide
.
12b.
13a.
little longer than wide, about equally wide, or wider than long; lip 13 transversely oblong-oval, much wider than long
Petals
13b.
Flower large, petals 2.2-2.7 cm. long; lip 2.8 cm. or more wide. .T. gnomus Flower small, petals 1.5-1.7 cm. long; lip 2 cm. or less wide .T. semipictus
.
Telipogon Benedict! Reichb. f. Linnaea 41: Ann. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien 33: 29. 1919.
Stems elongate,
concealed
leafy,
3.
1876; Kranzl.
sometimes branched with short

of the leaves, bearing
strict branches,
less
by the sheathing bases
more or
scattered simple roots which are stout, fibrous and glabrous.
mostly numerous, Leaves small, very
numerous, distichous, spreading-ascending, elliptic-oblong or ovate-oblong ("ligulate"), acute (with a recurved apex), amplexicaul and sheathing the stem through the lower part, up to 3.7 cm. long and 1 cm. wide. Inflorescence ascending, loosely racemose above; peduncle up to 10 cm. long, with 1 or 2 tubular-amplexicaul sheaths below; raceme few- (4- to 6-) flowered, up to about 6 cm. long, with a
flexuous or fractiflex rachis.
triangular-ovate, obtuse, dorsally carinate.
Floral bracts spreading, amplexicaul, conduplicate, Pedicellate ovary trialate. Flowers
relatively very small, with wide-spreading segments; sepals green, petals and lip green with dark brown nerves or the "perianth orange-yellow, purple ribbed."
Dorsal sepal oblong-ovate ("oblong-triangular"), acute, short-apiculate, strongly concave, 3-nerved, 7-10 mm. long, 3-5.6 mm. wide when forcibly expanded, ecarinate. Lateral sepals similar, but somewhat narrower. Petals suborbicular-ovate or oval-ovate ("elliptic"), acute, apiculate, 5-nerved with an additional small nerve on each side below, about as long as the dorsal sepal and 6-8 mm. wide. Lip very similar to the petals, subacute, 7- to 9-nerved, about 8-10 mm. long and wide.
Column very
short, triangular-rostrate
and short-pubescent
in front, densely setu-
lose in the rear.
Cuzco: Prov. of Convention, "alturas de Pintobamba," 2700 meters, epiphytic in forest, Vargas 3544- Prov. of Paucartambo, Pillahuata, 2800 meters, epiphyte, Vargas 6107. Also Bolivia (type).
Telipogon Boissierianus Reichb.

Orch. 1: 229, 33:32. 1919.
was
t.
97,
fig. I.
f. Bonpl. 4: 213. 1856; Xen. 1858; Kranzl. Ann. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien
'This species available.
was described from only a
single flower,
and no authentic record
948
FIELDIANA: BOTANY,
VOLUME
30
Stem elongate, slightly decumbent below, leafy, with a few short, strict branches, more or less concealed by the sheathing bases of the leaves, producing in the lower portion occasional roots which are fibrous, glabrous, simple, sulcate and finely verruculose when dry. Leaves very numerous, distichous, spreading-ascending, elliptic-oblong, acute with a recurved tip, amplexicaul by a long-sheathing, membranaceous, basal portion, up to 2.5 cm. long and 7 mm. wide, the free portion
(up to 1.4 cm.) cartilaginous, ovate to oblong-ovate. Inflorescences strict to spreading-ascending, racemose above, about 6^9.5 cm. long; peduncle with a single close, tubular sheath near the middle or below the middle; raceme short, 3-flowered;
rachis flexuous, about 2-3.5 cm. long. Floral bracts spreading, amplexicaul, lanceolate-ovate, concave. Flower small for the genus, with spreading segments, "dull
yellow-brown dotted and veined," with a purple pubescent center. Dorsal sepal oblong-lanceolate or ovate-oblong, strongly concave below, abruptly acute, mucronate, 3-nerved, about 1.6 cm. long and 5.6 mm. wide, dorsally subcarinate. Lateral sepals similar, oblong-lanceolate, slightly shorter and narrower than the dorsal sepal. Petals much larger, rhombic-ovate, acute, slightly oblique, about 10-nerved, about 1.8 cm. long and 1.5 cm. wide. Lip very similar to the petals but larger, suborbicular-ovate, acute, about 11- to 13-nerved, about 2 cm. long and 1.8 cm.
wide.
Column very
the rear.
short and stout, finely pubescent in front, densely setose Sometimes the flower has smaller measurements.
in
num
Huanuco: Playapampa, about 2700 meters, on wet rocky sphagDe la Cunta (Cuerta?) de Saria, Herb. slope, Macbride 4888. Pavon (type).
Telipogon Fritillum Reichb.

Xen. Orch.
f.
&
1: 230, t. 97, fig. III. 1858;
Warsc. Bonpl. 2: 101. 1854; Kranzl. Ann. Naturh. Hofmus.
Wien33:16.
leaves.
1919.
Stem very short, provided with a few congested Leaves oblanceolate, apiculate, minutely undulate, up to 5 cm. long and 6 mm. wide (according to Kranzlin). Inflorescence straight or curved, up to 10 cm. Floral bracts triangular-ovate, long, racemose above; raceme 1- to 3-flowered.
Plant low, 7.6-12.7 cm. high.
acute or acuminate, dorsally carinate. Pedicellate ovary rather broadly tripterous, up to 4 cm. long, much surpassing the bracts. Sepals triangular-ovate or triangular-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 3-nerved, the lateral sepals lightly Petals much larger, obliquely oblique, about 1.5 cm. long and 6 mm. wide. rhombic-ovate or suborbicular-ovate, very shortly acute or apiculate, 11- to 13nerved, about 1.8 cm. long and broad. Lip much smaller than the petals, transversely oval or suborbicular in outline, with a fold on each side of the apex (thus 3-lobulate), broadly rounded in front in the middle, more or less ciliate, 21- to 23-nerved, 1-1.2 cm. long and broad (according to Kranzlin). Column probably abbreviated, very densely long-setose. (The measurements were mostly taken
from Kranzlin,
I.e.)
s.n.
No
example of
this species
was
available.
9: 114. 1921;
Telipogon gnomus Schltr. Fedde Repert. Beih. Mansf. Fedde Repert. Beih. 57: t. 130, nr. 509. 1929.

cumbent or
949
Plant very variable, from about 6 to 22 cm. high. Stems rather short, proflexuous, commonly shortly branched, entirely concealed by the imbricating, often marcescent sheaths of the leaves and bearing numerous, scattered roots which are fibrous, glabrous, with a more or less enlarged, shining velamen. Leaves several, congested on each short branch, oblong-elliptic to broadly or narrowly oblanceolate, acute and short-apiculate ("obtuse"), more or less narrowed to a complicate, sessile or petiole-like base, 2.5-10 cm. long, about 5 mm.-2 cm. wide. Scapes slightly shorter than the leaves or somewhat exceeding them, 217 cm. long; peduncle naked, subcompressed and very narrowly bialate above; raceme 1- to 7-flowered, up to about 6.5 cm. long, lightly fractiflex. Floral bracts spreading, conduplicate, triangular or ovate-triangular, dorsally carinate, subacute to acuminate, much shorter than the trialate pedicellate ovary. Flowers variable, medium-sized to large for the genus, with wide-spreading, membranaceous segments, pale yellow with brown-red or purple lines. Dorsal sepal lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, dorsally strongly carinate with the keel produced as a mucro, navicular, 3-nerved, about 1.7-2.3 cm. long and 4.5-7 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar, slightly narrower, oblique. Petals much larger, obovate-rhombic to suborbicular-rhombic, commonly rather sharply acute and apiculate, 7- to 9-nerved, 2-2.7 cm. long, 1.8-2.4 cm. wide. Lip transversely oblong-oval
("subreniform-flabellate"), minutely apiculate at the broadly rounded or slightly narrowed apex, cuneate-rounded at the base, 15- to 17-nerved, 2.2-2.6 cm. long, 2.75-3.2 cm. wide. Column very short and stout, with a tuft of numerous deciduous bristles (often 2- or 3-forked) in the rear.
terrestrial in loose
Cajamarca: Prov. of Chota, pass south of Conchan, 2500 meters, humus, Stork & Horton 10082. Huanuco: Huacachi (near Muna), in montana, about 2000 meters, Macbride 4114Panao, 3100 meters, Zimmer s.n. 12 miles south of Panao, about 3000 meters, epiphyte on shrub in shade, Macbride & Featherstone 2224- Loreto: Near Moyobamba, Filomeno s.n. (type).
70. 1876; Kranzl.
Telipogon gymnostele Reichb. f. Linnaea 41: Ann. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien 33: 16. 1919.
high, apparently
Plant small, about 6 cm. high including the flowers. Stem short, about 1 cm. somewhat branched (judged from Reichenbach's record). Leaves rather numerous, congested, elliptic-oblong ("oblong"), articulated to sheaths, acute or obtuse, about 2.5-3.5 cm. long and 7 mm. wide. Inflorescence including the flowers slightly surpassing the leaves; peduncle very short, much shorter than
the leaves; raceme 2-flowered. Floral bracts triangular or ovate, amplexicaul, dorsally carinate, much shorter than the pedicellate ovary which is slender, trialate
and about 2 cm.
Sepals elliptic-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate ("lanceolong. late"), acute, lightly carinate, 1-nerved throughout or 3-nerved below the middle,
1-1.5 cm. long, 3-4 mm. wide. Petals oblong-elliptic ("oblong"), acute, 5-nerved with a few oblique reticulations, about 1.2-1.7 cm. long and nearly twice as wide as the sepals. Lip oblong-elliptic ("oblong"), more or less acute, 7-nerved, with one of the lateral nerves branching on each side and the nerves velutinous near the base, about 1.2-1.5 cm. long, 7-8 mm. wide. Column very short and stout, glabrous, with a conspicuous curved rostellum.^ The measurements were taken in part from Kranzlin (I.e.) and in part from a drawing of the type.
950

Peru: Pustaco(?), 3300 meters, Warscewicz
30
s.n.
No
of the
type with a
material of this species was available, but there is a drawing floral analysis in the Ames Herbarium.
Telipogon Hercules Reichb. f. ex Kranzl. Ann. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien 33: 27. 1919; C. Schweinf. Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 17: 57. 1955.
Plant medium-sized, about 20 cm. or more high. Stems abbreviated. Leaves several, congested, obovate-oblong to oblanceolate, acute or subacute, more or less
long-narrowed to a complicate base, 4.5-10 cm. long, up to 2 cm. wide. Inflorescence (excluding the flowers) about 15-33 cm. long; peduncle flexuous, naked, apparently angulate in section; raceme very loosely few- (about 3-) to severalflowered, the rachis fractiflex and about 5 cm. high. Floral bracts conspicuous,
spreading, conduplicate, dorsally carinate, triangular-ovate when expanded, up to 1.7 cm. long. Flowers very large, with spreading segments, golden yellow with brown nerves. Dorsal sepal oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, dorsally carinate, 3-nerved with a short outer nerve on each side, strongly concave or navicular,
about 2.6 cm. long and 9.6

lightly oblique.
little narrower, broadly acute and apiculate, 13-nerved with oblique reticulations, about 3.3 cm. long and equally broad. Lip transversely suborbicular-oval, minutely apiculate at the broadly rounded apex, about 3.3 cm. long and 4 cm. wide, 17-nerved. Column very short
mm.
wide.
Lateral sepals similar but a
Petals
much
larger, rhombic-suborbicular,
and
stout.
Northern Peru and Ecuador: Habitat not recorded, Roezl (type). Also Colombia.
s.n.
Telipogon latifolius HBK. Nov. Gen. et Sp. 1: 336. 1816; Cogn. Martius Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6: 109, t. 37, fig. 1. 1904; Kranzl. Ann. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien 33: 18. 1919.
Plant extremely variable in size, epiphytic, about 2.5-16 cm. high (excluding the flowers). Stems short, decumbent, simple or with abbreviated, erect branches, concealed by the imbricating leaf-sheaths, the lower portion (producing the roots and leaves) about 1-4 cm. long. Leaves (present) commonly 4 or 5, congested, linear-oblanceolate or obovate-oblong to elliptic-oblong, up to 9 cm. long and 2 cm. wide (often minute), abruptly acute, more or less narrowed below to the articulaInflorescence (excluding the flowers) tion with the conduplicate leaf-sheaths. about 1-15 cm. long, erect to ascending or arcuate, commonly about twice longer than the leaves; peduncle about 10.5 cm. or less long, naked except for the sheathed
base, stout, narrowly bialate above; raceme 1- to 7-flowered, loose; rachis about 4 cm. or less long. Floral bracts spreading, triangular, conduplicate, dorsally carinate, acute or acuminate, much shorter than the trialate pedicellate ovary. Flowers
medium-sized for the genus, with wide-spreading membranaceous segments, yellow with dark nerves. Dorsal sepal lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, dorsally carinate, 3-nerved, navicular, 2.1-2.3 cm. long, 6.8 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar but narrower, lightly oblique. Petals much larger, suborbicular-ovate or rhombic-ovate, acute or short-acuminate, 9- to 11-nerved, about 2.6-2.7 cm. long,
951
1.8-2 cm. wide. Lip ovate-suborbicular, narrowed to an acute or apiculate apex, about 2.6 cm. long and equally broad, 15- to 17-nerved. Column very short and stout, protruded onto the lip, surrounded (except in front) by a dense cluster of dark bristles.
Cajamarca: Prov. of Jaen de Bracamoros, between the districts Chores and Tomependa, near the confluence of the Chinchipes and Amazon rivers, in very hot places, Humboldt & Bonpland s.n. (type). Also Colombia and Ecuador.
of
Telipogon obovatus
Lindl.
Kranzl. Ann. Naturh. Hofmus.
Wien
Bot. Reg. 33: sub 33: 25. 1919.
t.
27.
1847;
Plant medium-sized. Stem abbreviated. Leaves oblong or oblong-oblanceoup to 7.6 cm. long and 1.8 cm. wide, coriaceous. Inflorescence stout, loosely racemose above, about 18 cm. or less long; peduncle naked, compressed and enlarged above, about 13 cm. high; raceme arcuate, about 6-flowered. Floral bracts conspicuous, spreading, ovate, concave, acute or acuminate. Flowers large, with membranaceous wide-spreading segments, bright yellow. Sepals similar, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, dorsally more or less carinate, about 1.8 cm.
late, acute,
long and 7 mm. wide. Petals much larger, oblong-subrhombic ("oblong"), acute, 11-nerved, about 3 cm. long and 1.8 cm. wide. Lip very broadly obovate or suborbicular, rounded and not apiculate in front, 13- to 15-nerved, about 2.5 cm. long and nearly 3 cm. wide. Column apparently short and stout, adorned with very
many
long,
brown
bristles.
Peru: Habitat unrecorded, Lobb perhaps Colombia, fide Kranzl. I.e.

In the
s.n. (type).
Also Ecuador and
is a photograph of the type in the Lindone Ecuadorian specimen referred to this ley Herbarium, as well as
Ames Herbarium
species.
Telipogon Papilio Reichb. f. & Warsc. Bonpl. 2: 101. 1854; Kranzl. Ann. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien 33. 26. 1919.
Plant small, epiphytic. Stem very short, concealed by imbricating, conduplicate leaf-sheaths and by the numerous long, fibrous, glabrous roots which have a very stout velamen. Leaves several, congested, oblanceolate to oblanceolateoblong, acute with an apiculate tip, cuneate-narrowed to an articulated base, 3.5-6 cm. long, 1.2-1.7 cm. wide (up to 8 cm. long and 6-8 mm. wide, according to Kranzlin). Inflorescence strict, shorter than or surpassing the leaves, about
4-17.7 cm.
tall,
ceme
1- to 7-flowered,
subterete to narrowly bialate and angulate, racemose above; rawith a more or less fractiflex rachis. Floral bracts conspicu-
ous, spreading, triangular-ovate, conduplicate, dorsally carinate, acute. Pedicellate ovary narrowly trialate, much longer than the bracts. Flowers medium-sized for
the genus, with wide-spreading membranaceous segments, orange-yellow or primuline with red nerves. Dorsal sepal lanceolate-ovate or narrowly triangular, acumi-
nate ("acute"), concave and navicular, dorsally strongly carinate, up to about 1.8 cm. long and 7.4 mm. wide when expanded, 3-nerved. Lateral sepals similar
952
FIELDI ANA: BOTANY,
VOLUME
30
but shorter and narrower, oblique. Petals much larger, broadly rhombic-obovate, oblique, abruptly acute, commonly 13- to 15-nerved, about 1.9 cm. long and very slightly narrower (2.2 cm. long and equally wide, according to Kranzlin). Lip transversely suborbicular-oval, minutely apiculate at the very broadly rounded and plicate apex, about 25-nerved, about 1.85 cm. long, 2.5 cm. or more wide, densely setose near the base. Column abbreviated, very stout, surrounded (except in front) by a tuft of numerous, long bristles.
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Warscewicz s.n. (type). Cuzco: Prov. of Urubamba, "Huinaihuaina" Inca ruins, 2550 meters, epi-
phyte in
forest,
Vargas 4140a.
70. 1876; Kranzl.
Telipogon radiatus Reichb. f. Linnaea 41: Ann. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien 33: 24. 1919.
Vegetative parts lacking in the type (and apparently the only collection) and the description was drawn from a single flower. Pedicellate ovary sharply trialate. Sepals triangular or triangular-ligulate, similar, dorsally carinate, acuminate, 3nerved, 1.6 cm. long, 5-6 mm. wide. Petals much larger, rhombic ("cuneateelliptic"), acute, 9- to 11-nerved, 2.2 cm. long and 2 cm. wide. Lip intermediate between transversely oblong-oval and very broadly obovate, without any apicule at the broadly rounded apex, 21-nerved, 2.5 cm. long and 3.7 cm. wide, the basal
portion densely pilose.
Column with
violet bristles.
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Davis
s.n.
authentic material of this species was available. measurements were derived from Kranzlin's description
No
The
(I.e.).
floral
Telipogon rhombipetalus C. Schweinf. Am. Orch.

15: 180,
t.,
Soc. Bull.
1946.
Figure 185.
Plant rather small, epiphytic. Stem decumbent, leafy, somewhat branched, apparently entirely concealed by the leaf-sheaths. Leaves lanceolate-oblong to oblong-elliptic, acute, short-apiculate, more or less narrowed to a sessile, complicate and articulated base, about 2.9-4 cm. long, up to 1 cm. wide. Inflorescence
racemose above; peduncle strict, narrowly bialate, subequaling or somewhat exceeding the leaves, about 4 cm. or less high; racemes very short, 3-flowered, with the fractiflex rachis about 1.2-1.5 cm. long. Floral bracts spreading, strongly conduplicate, dorsally carinate, acute, apparently ovate when expanded. Flowers medium-sized for the genus, with wide-spreading membranaceous segments, apparently yellowish with purple lines near the base. Pedicellate ovary trialate. Dorsal sepal elliptic-lanceolate, concave, subacute, with a prominent dorsal keel (broader at the base) produced into an apicule, 3-nerved with 2 short additional nerves near the base, about 1.9 cm. long and 7.6 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar but slightly narrower, oblong-lanceolate, somewhat oblique. Petals a little longer and about three times broader than the sepals, suborbicular-rhombic, more or less acute, 15- to 16-nerved. Lip very similar to the petals but less rhombic, ovate-suborbicular, minutely apiculate, 19-nerved with the lateral nerve branching on each side without, densely setulosejat the base, about 1.95 cm. long and 2.1 cm. wide. Column very short and stout, with very numerous long, purple bristles.
TEJ-JPOGON
ijo
FIG 185.
sepal;
Telipogon rhombipetalus C. Schweinf.

3, lateral sepal;
1,
plant;
1.
2,
dorsal
2.
2.
4, petal;
2.
5, lip;
2.
953
954
30
Cajamarca: Celendin, 2625 meters, in moss on a thick branch of a tree over a shady brook in a canyon, "F.W.D." s.n. (type in Herb. Chicago Nat. Hist. Mus.).
Telipogon semipictus Reichb.

mus. Wien33:25. 1919.
f.
ex Kranzl. Ann. Naturh. Hof-
Plant small, apparently epiphytic, with very long roots. Stem abbreviated, entirely concealed by imbricating leaf-sheaths. Leaves several, aggregated on each branch, oblanceolate or elliptic-oblong, acute, short-
somewhat short-branching,
apiculate, narrowed below to a sessile or petiole-like, articulated base, very variable in size, up to 8 cm. long (rarely) and 1.2 cm. wide. Inflorescence surpassing the
racemose and arcuate above; peduncle slender, more or less dilated above, naked, about 6.7 cm. long; raceme short, loosely 3- to 5-flowered; rachis fractiflex, about 5 cm. or less long. Floral bracts conspicuous, spreading, conduplicate, dorleaves,
sally carinate, ovate
when expanded. Flowers small for the genus, with widespreading membranaceous segments, "greenish yellow with broken cross marks of red-brown, center purple." Pedicellate ovary trialate. Dorsal sepal oblong-ovate
or lanceolate-ovate, acute, strongly concave, dorsally carinate with the keel produced in a mucro, 3-nerved, about 1.3-1.65 cm. long and 4-7 mm. wide. Lateral
sepals similar but shorter and narrower, lanceolate, acuminate, lightly oblique. Petals much larger than the sepals, suborbicular-rhombic or broadly rhombicovate, acute, minutely apiculate, about 1.5-1.7 cm. long and equally wide or
slightly narrower, 8- to 11-nerved.
in front with a
Lip transversely oblong-oval, broadly rounded about 1-1.5 cm. long and 2 cm. wide, densely setulose at the base. Column very short and stout, produced onto the lip, densely long-setose (especially on the sides and rear).
minute
apicule, 15- to 17-nerved,
Macbride
Huanuco: Huacachi, near Muna, in montana, about 2000 meters, Also Colombia (type) and Ecuador. J^.166.
Telipogon tessellatus
Lindl. Benth. PI.
Hartw. 150. 1844;
Kranzl. Ann. Naturh. Hofmus.
Wien
33: 21. 1919.
Plant small, about 6.5-12 cm. high (exclusive of the flowers). Stem abbreviated, often with a few short, suberect branches. Leaves several, congested, variable in size, oblanceolate ("oblong"), acute, apiculate, narrowed below to a sessile,
and 1.8 cm. wide. Inflorescence suberect, longer than the leaves; peduncle naked, gradually enlarged and bialate above, about 3.8-8.1 cm. long; raceme abbreviated, 2-flowered; rachis about 6.5 mm. or more long. Floral bracts conspicuously spreadarticulated base, rarely
up
to 10 cm. long
little
racemose above, becoming a
ing, conduplicate, triangular-ovate
when expanded, dorsally Flowers large for the plant, with wide-spreading segments. ceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, concave, dorsally 1.6 cm. long and 5 mm. broad. Petals much larger than the
carinate, acuminate.
Sepals narrowly lancarinate,
about 1.3-
sepals, suborbicular-
rhombic, acute, 7- to 9-nerved, with the nerves conspicuously cross-reticulated, about 1.5-2 cm. long and 1.35-1.8 cm. wide. Lip transversely oblong-oval, about 15-nerved with dark nerves and conspicuous cross-reticulations, broadly rounded

and apparently
lightly retuse in front,
955
about 1.4-1.8 cm. long and 2-2.5 cm. wide.
Column
abbreviated, adorned with a few bristles.
Cajamarca, fide Schlechter, Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 179. 1921. Also Colombia and Ecuador (type).
The type, as recorded by a photograph in the Ames Herbarium, appears to be rather smaller than one plant of an Ecuadorian collection (Espinosa 761).
Telipogon urceolatus C. Schweinf. Am. Orch.
292,
t.,
Soc. Bull. 16:
1947.
Figure 186.
Plant epiphytic, small but with a large flower, about 15 cm. or less high. Roots numerous, recurved, with a stout, shining velamen. Stems decumbent, with an ascending, branching apex. Branches (including the inflorescence) up to 12 cm. long; lower portion relatively short, entirely concealed by 2-4 imbricating, conduplicate leaf-sheaths; upper portion consisting of a relatively long, naked peduncle terminated by a short raceme. Leaves elliptic-oblong (rarely) to oblanceolate, acute, short-apiculate, more or less long-narrowed below to a sessile, often petiolelike, articulated base, 5-10 cm. long, about 1-1.5 cm. wide (sometimes very small). Peduncle about 7 cm. or less long. Raceme short, loosely 2- to 5-flowered, the Floral bracts spreading, conduplicate, fractiflex rachis about 3 cm. or less long. dorsally carinate, broadly ovate when expanded, acute or acuminate. Pedicellate ovary much surpassing the bracts, trialate, about 3.5 cm. long. Flower large for the genus, with wide-spreading segments, pale greenish yellow lined with dark red. Dorsal sepal elliptic-lanceolate, navicular, sharply complicate-acute, dorsally carinate, 5-nerved, about 2.6 cm. long and 9 mm. wide when expanded. Lateral sepals similar, obliquely oblong-lanceolate, somewhat shorter and narrower than the dorsal sepal. Petals much larger, oblong-urceolate in outline, abruptly dilated above with a very broadly triangular-acute apex having the outer angles rounded, about 3.2 cm. long and 2.7 cm. wide above, 13-nerved with 2 short additional nerves at the base on each side. Lip transversely oval-suborbicular, very broadly rounded at the apex, subcordate at the base, about 3.1 cm. long and 4.2 cm. wide, about 49-nerved. Column very short and stout as in the genus, with a surrounding tuft
of deciduous, purple hairs.
Huanuco: Mufia, about 2150 meters,
in
dry woods, Macbride 4193.

Soc. Bull. 15: 290,
Telipogon Vargasii C. Schweinf. Am. Orch.

t.,
1946.
Figure 187.
Plant epiphytic, medium-sized. Stem decumbent, the lower portion leafy and apparently wholly concealed by the sheathing bases of the leaves. Leaves numerous, oval to oblong-elliptic, acute, short-apiculate, sheathing the stem toward the base, up to about 5.5 cm. long and 2 cm. wide. Peduncle slender, naked, strict, about 9 cm. long. Raceme short, 2- to 3-flowered, about 3 cm. long. Floral bracts small, triangular-lanceolate, amplexicaul, concave. Pedicellate ovary much surpassing the bracts, about 3.5 cm. long. Flower large for the genus, yellow, with wide-spreading segments. Dorsal sepal lanceolate, acuminate and complicate above, concave, 5-nerved near the base, dorsally subcarinate, about 2 cm. long
T^LIPOGON
FIG. 186.
Telipogon urceolatus C. Schweinf.
1,
plant;
A-
2,
dorsal sepal;
XI.
3, petal;
XI.
4, lateral sepal;
XI.
956
5, lip;
1.
FIG 187. Telipogon Vargasii C. Schweinf. 1. 3, petal, expanded; X expanded; X 1. 5, lip, expanded; X 1.
957
1,
plant;
2, dorsal sepal,
4, lateral sepal,
expanded;
>
958
FIELDIANA: BOTANY,
7.6
VOLUME
30
Lateral sepals similar but slightly narrower, oblique, dorsally larger, very broadly ovate, short-acuminate, 11-nerved with cross-reticulations throughout, about 3.7 cm. long and 2.7 cm. wide. Lip transversely broad-ovate, acute and minutely apiculate, subtruncate at the base,
and
mm.
wide.
carinate.
Petals
much
17-nerved with cross-reticulations throughout, about 3.3 cm. long and 4.2 cm. wide. Column long for the genus, stout, densely setose throughout, about 8.9 mm. high at the back.
forest,
Cuzco: Prov. of Convention, Hda. Potrero, Sapan-Sachayocc, in Vargas 2551.
Telipogon Warscewiczii Reichb. f. This concept, which was described only from two flowers, was apparently found in Ecuador (near Loxa), although it was cited by Kranzlin (Ann. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien 33: 26. 1919) from Peru.
TRICHOCEROS HBK.
Small to medium-sized epiphytes or terrestrials, recorded only from Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia.
Plants with a more or less elongate rhizome, bearing very short pseudobulbous Leaves 2 or more, distichously imbricating and sheathing the pseudobulb (which commonly bears 1 smaller blade), small, fleshy or coriaceous, unjointed. Inflorescences lateral, 1 or 2 at the base of each pseudobulb, simple, racemose above, commonly much exceeding the leaves; racemes loosely few- to severalflowered. Flowers more or less small, with spreading segments. Sepals subequal, Petals similar to the sepals (often narrower or broader). Lip free, spreading.
stems.
usually 3-lobed (very rarely simple); lateral lobes spreading or erect, commonly narrow and retrorse; mid-lobe much larger, usually more or less ovate. Column
very short and stout, wingless, footless, with a fimbriate clinandrium, and often long-setose in the rear. Anther attached to the erect rostellum, 2-celled. Pollinia 4, affixed to the slightly dilated apex of the linear stipe.
Al.
A2.
la.
Lip simple, without lateral lobes, broadly obovate; inflorescences very short, little exceeding the leaves T. Tupaipi Lip deeply 3-lobed at the base, with oblong-ovate or obovate to linear lateral
lobes; inflorescences
commonly many times exceeding the

lip linear
leaves
Ib.
or antenna-like. T, parviflorus (T. armillatus, T. muscifer) Lateral lobes of the lip obliquely semiovate to round-obovate. T. muralis var. platyceros (T. platyceros)
Trichoceros muralis Lindl. var. platyceros (Reichb. f.) C. Schweinf. Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 17: 58. 1955. Trichoceros platyceros Reichb. f. Xen. Orch. 1: 22, t. 9, fig. III. 1854.
creeping,
Plant small to medium-sized, epiphytic. Roots stout, glabrous. Rhizome more or less concealed by close, tubular sheaths. Pseudobulbs small,
959
broadly ovoid, mostly concealed by sheaths or the bases of the imbricating leaves. Leaves 2 or 3, clustered at the base of the stems, suborbicular to elliptic-oblong, sessile at the clasping base, apiculate, up to about 4 cm. long and 1.4 cm. wide,
coriaceous. Inflorescences up to 15.5 cm. high; peduncle slender, provided with 2 or 3 short, infundibuliform sheaths; raceme short, loosely up to 7-flowered. Flowers rather small, with spreading segments. Dorsal sepal cucullate, ovateelliptic,
sometimes
ciliolate
acute, apiculate, 8-16 mm. long, up to 9 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar, slightly longer. Petals similar to the sepals but often slightly broader,
up
Lip about equaling the other segments, 3-lobed at the base, long; lateral lobes relatively small, obliquely semiovate to roundobovate, rounded-obtuse; mid-lobe relatively large, obovate or oblong-obovate, rounded at the apex, sometimes with a minute apicule; disc more or less pilose
throughout.
to 15
mm.
throughout.
:
Column minute, densely
pilose.
Ancash Prov. of Bolognesi, Chupa, mountain near Aquia, 32003250 meters, on stony soil, "rojo oscuras," called "michimichi," Ferreyra 7546. Cajamarca, fide Schlechter, Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 180. 1921. Also Ecuador (type).
HBK. Nov. Gen. et Sp. 1: 337, t. 76. Sp. Orch. 174. 1833; Reichb. f. Xen. Orch. 1: 21, t. 9, figs. I-II, 1-6. 1854; C. Schweinf. Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 17: 60. 1955. Trichoceros armillatus Reichb. f. Bonpl. 4: 212.
Trichoceros parviflorus
1816; Lindl. Gen.
&
1856; Xen. Orch. 1: 231, t. 97, fig. V. 1858. Trichoceros muscifer (as muscifera) Kranzl. Engler, Bot. Jahrb. 37: 387. 1906.
commonly terrestrial in humus or on rocks (rarely Stem more or less elongate, ascending, sometimes branched, mostly concealed by close, tubular, not imbricating, evanescent sheaths, bearing (at more or less remote intervals) clusters of leaves surrounding a pseudobulb beneath
Plants extremely variable,
epiphytic).
which are 1 to several elongate, stout, fibrous roots. Leaves 2 to several, distichous, imbricating, unjointed, ovate to elliptic-oblong or oblong, sharply acute or acuminate, narrowed below to a sheathing base, spreading, commonly thickly coriaceous,
often condu plicate in the dried specimen, up to 7 (rarely 9) cm. long and 2 cm. wide, supported below by 2 or 3 concave, ovate to lanceolate sheaths. Pseudo-
bulbs small, more or

cylindric,
less concealed by the leaves, broadly ellipsoid to oblongabout 1-1.5 cm. high, commonly bearing a single rudimentary or small leaf at the summit, rarely 1-jointed near the summit and bearing (at the lower Inflorescences lateral from beneath the articulation) a well-developed blade. pseudobulb, 1 or 2 to each pseudobulb, racemose above, much surpassing the leaves, more or less erect to arcuate; peduncle slender, about 5 to more than 25 cm. long, with 2-4 remote, small, close, tubular sheaths; raceme few- (3-) to several- (18-) flowered, more or less loose below, the rachis up to 6 cm. long. Floral bracts small, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, much surpassed by the pedicellate ovary in the course of development. Flowers small, with spreading segments, the color varying from greenish or whitish green to pale yellow brownlined, with the central portion and often the lip with its appendages dark red (the latter often barred). Dorsal sepal lanceolate-ovate or elliptic-ovate, concave,
960
30
acute or acuminate, 3- to 5-nerved, about 10-13 mm. long and 5-7 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar but commonly slightly wider, dorsally more or less carinate. Petals elliptic, acute, 5- to 7-nerved, a little shorter than the sepals and equally wide (or somewhat narrower), with the margins minutely ciliolate. Lip deeply 3-lobed at the base, about 9-13.1 mm. long; lateral lobes linear or oblong-linear, obtuse, ciliate (especially above), 1-nerved, strongly retrorse in course of development; mid-lobe much larger, variable, elliptic-ovate to suborbicular-oval, acute to rounded and apiculate at the apex, usually 7-nerved, often with a fleshy, longitudinal thickening below in the middle, more or less pubescent or setose toward the base, about 6-9 mm. wide. Column very short and stout, protruding onto the lip, with a cluster of long bristles at the rear.
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Pavdn s.n. (type of T. armillatus). Cajamarca: Near Hualgayoc, beyond Hacienda La Tatoma, 2600 Cuzco: Prov. of Calca, Hda. meters, on cliffs, Weberbauer 4061. "Urco," 2900 meters, on rocks, Vargas 3051. Prov. of Calca, Vilcabamba (along Paucartambo River), 2600 meters, in humus of forest Huanuco: Cani, 7 miles northeast of Mito, slopes, Vargas 4009. about 2600 meters, "humus floor of thicket," Macbride 3480. Yanano, about 1800 meters, "floor of dense wood," Macbride 3833. Junin: Prov. of Tarma, Agua Dulce, 2300 meters, on tree in low highland wood, Woytkowski 35460. Prov. of Tarma, above Huacapistana, Weberbauer 2048. Prov. of Tarma, between Palca and Carpapata, 2900 meters, "over boulders that have accumulated some humus," Stork 10955. Carpapata, above Huacapistana, about 2400 meters, on open hillside, Kittip & Smith 24345. Huacapistana, 1800-2400 meters, epiphyte in thickets and open woods, Killip & Smith 24220. Same locality and altitude as the last, terrestrial, Killip & Smith 24124- Yanahuanca, about 3000 meters, on canyon ledge, "MichePuno: huagte" or "Flor de Gato," Macbride & Featherstone 1239. Sandia, 2100-2300 meters, on cliffs, Weberbauer 542 (type of T. muscifer}. Also Colombia (type of T. parviflorus), Ecuador and Bolivia.
Trichoceros Tupaipi Reichb.
f.
Linnaea 41: 33. 1876.
Plant small, apparently about 10 cm. or less high. Rhizome creeping, short, with numerous stout, elongate roots. Pseudobulbs apparently subapproximate,
small, suborbicular-conic, unifoliate, less than 1 cm. high, surrounded below by 1 or 2 pairs of leaves. Leaves imbricating at the sheathing base, recurved and
fleshy-coriaceous in the dried specimen, apparently lanceolate to elliptic-oblong ("ligulate-triangular"), commonly more or less conduplicate in the dried speci-
men, acuminate, apparently about 3 cm. or less long. Inflorescences short, about 7.6 cm. or less high, racemose above; raceme loose, up to 3-flowered.
Floral bracts small, ovate, apiculate, amplexicaul. Sepals similar, oblong-ovate ("oblong- triangular"), acute, 5-nerved, the dorsal sepal apparently a little shorter
and broader than the

slightly longer
laterals. Petals ovate-elliptic, acute, 7-nerved, apparently than the lateral sepals and markedly broader than the dorsal

sepal.
961
Lip suborbicular-obovate ("cuneate-oblong"), abruptly apiculate at the broad apex, 9-nerved. Column short, stout, with the clinandrium setose-fimbriate.
s.n.
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Farris s.n. Huansaquasi, Dombey (without flower) This description was largely compiled by an examination of a drawing with floral analysis from the Reichenbach Herbarium, as no other record of this species was available.
.
STELLILABIUM
ica, to
Schltr.
A very small, perhaps monotypic genus, confined, in South AmerPeru.

Plant small, epiphytic, with an abbreviated rhizome and a very short stem. Leaves several, approximate, articulated, narrow, their sheaths entirely concealing the stem. Inflorescence subequaling or somewhat surpassing the leaves, racemose at the apex; peduncle very slender, relatively elongate; raceme conFlowers very small, not wide open. Sepals tracted, densely several-flowered. ovate or oval-ovate, acute. Petals smaller, oblong ("ligulate"), rounded at the apex, minutely serrulate. Lip 3-lobed near the base, triangular in outline, entirely velvety-papillose, with 3 clusters of stellate hairs; lateral lobes retrorse-spreading, relatively small, ovate-oblong; mid-lobe relatively large, oblong-ovate ("oblong from a broader base") apiculate at the rounded apex. Column very short and stout, dilated upward, with a cluster of elongate papillae or bristles on either side at the apex. Anther very slender, cordiform. Pollinia 4, compressed, oblongcylindric (the 2 outer smaller), inserted at the dilated apex of the linear stipe.
Schltr. Die Orchideen Xen. Orch. 1: 16, t. 7, fig. II, 12-19. 1854; Kranzl. Ann. Naturh. Hofmus. Wien 33: 15. 1919. Trichoceros astroglossus Lindl. ex Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. PL
Stellilabium astroglossum (Reichb.

Telipogon astroglossus Reichb.
f.)
f.
530. 1914.
3: 588. 1883. Plant slender, delicate, about 5-10 cm. high. Stem abbreviated, entirely by the short, approximate leaf-sheaths. Leaves 3 or 4, linear-lanceolate, acute, slightly narrowed at the complicate base, up to 5 cm. long and 6 mm. wide. Inflorescence terminal, slightly exceeding the leaves, racemose above, about 6 cm. tall; peduncle very slender, with a single small sheath in the middle; raceme abbreviated, densely few-flowered. Floral bracts ovate-triangular, acute, about a fourth as long as the filiform pedicellate ovary. Flowers very small, little spreading, hyaline. Dorsal sepal ovate or oblong-ovate, acute, about 3-4 mm.
concealed
long and 2.5
mm. wide, 1-nerved. Lateral sepals similar, broadly ovate, oblique, apparently slightly shorter and broader than the dorsal sepal. Petals broadly oblong ("ligulate"). obtuse or rounded ("retuse") at the apex, minutely serrulate or ciliolate, 1-nerved, slightly shorter than the sepals and much narrower. Lip triangular in outline when expanded, with a very short and broadly cuneate base, lightly 3-lobed near the base, about 2.5 mm. long and equally broad, according to Kranzlin; lateral lobes relatively small, erect in natural position, retrorse-
962
30
spreading when expanded, ovate-oblong ("ligulate"), rounded at the apex; midlobe much larger, oblong-ovate, rounded and apiculate at the tip; disc entirely pilose on the upper surface, with 3 clusters of stellate radiating bristles (the anterior central one largest). Column very short and stout, protruded onto the
lip,
dilated upward, with a cluster of long bristles or setae
on each
side at the apex.
Amazonas: Near Chachapoyas, Mathews s.n. No material of this concept was available.
DICHAEA
Indies through Central America, Brazil, Bolivia and Peru.
often pendent, concealed
Lindl.
Inconspicuous epiphytes extending from Mexico and the West
and
in
South America as far as
Plants small to medium-sized, with more or less elongate, leafy stems. Stems by the leaf-sheaths or the sheathing bases of the leaves. Leaves numerous, distichous, spreading or reflexed, articulated or not articulated, very short to relatively long. Peduncles axillary, 1-flowered, solitary, commonly much shorter than the leaves. Flowers very small to (rarely) medium-sized. Perianth segments more or less spreading. Sepals subequal, free, the lateral ones oblique and forming an inconspicuous mentum with the short column-foot. Petals similar to the sepals or often smaller. Lip rigidly joined to the column-
varying from ovate to broadly triangular or anchor-shaped and often produced on each side into a more or less prominent lobe, angle or tooth. Column erect, short, commonly exalate, produced at the base into a short or minute foot, often with a prominent ligule in front. Anther terminal, opercular, incumbent. Pollinia 4, ovoid, attached in pairs to a small stipe.
foot, sessile to long-clawed, concave,
Al.
Lamina
Lamina
of the leaves
not articulated to a sheath, i.e., not deciduous. D. muricata var. maculata (D. maculata')
a sheath,
i.e.,
A2.
la.
of the leaves articulated to
deciduous
I
1
Ovary pilose, capsule echinate Ovary and capsule smooth
Ib.
la.
Ib.
2a.
Plant robust; leaves oblong to elliptic-oblong, commonly 1 10 mm. or more D. Morrisii wide; sepals 11 mm. or more long Plant relatively slender; leaves linear-lanceolate to linear, 6 mm. or less wide; 2 sepals 6 mm. or less long Stems very short, 3-7 cm. long; leaves narrowly linear, 2.5 mm. or less wide. D. humilis
2b.
3a.
Stems relatively more wide
elongate, 10-50 cm. long; leaves lanceolate-linear, 4
mm.
or
D. laxa
Leaf-blades very narrowly linear or acicular, lip more or less emarginate and apiculate
many
times longer than broad; 4

lip
3b.
4a.
Leaf-blades linear-oblong or broader, 4.4 cm. or less long; at the apex, not distinctly emarginate
acute to rounded
5
Plant relatively large, stems 20 cm. or more long; leaves 5-12.5 cm. long. D. calyculata
1
Rarely a
leaf
may
dried specimen, but such a blade
be found in D. Morrisii which is only 5 is unusual in any collection.
mm.
wide in the

4b.
963
1.1
Plant very small, stems about 7 cm. or

long
less long; leaves
about
cm. or less D. tennis

6
7
5a.
5b.
6a.
Lower half of the lip with a keel or a longitudinal callus Lower half of the lip without any distinct keel or longitudinal
callus
Lip with the lower half broadly cuneate, narrowed toward the base. D. campanulata 6b. Lip with the lower half broadly auriculate-rounded on each side. D. graminoides 7a. Anterior portion of the lip broadly rounded, with a truncate, subretuse apex. D. ancoraelabia 7b. Anterior portion of the lip with an acute or acuminate apex .D. panamensis
.
Dichaea ancoraelabia C. Schweinf. Am. Orch.

614,
t.,
Soc. Bull. 16:
1947.
Figure 188.
Plant medium-sized for the genus, recalling D. graminoides (Sw.) Lindl. Stems simple or branched, erect to flexuous or arcuate, up to 24 cm. or more long, entirely concealed by imbricating leaf-sheaths. Leaves numerous, distichous,
rather loose, articulated, elliptic-oblong, acute, minutely apiculate, up to 2.4 cm. long and 6 mm. wide, smooth on the margin. Inflorescences axillary, 1-flowered, the free portion of the peduncle less than one half as long as the leaf-blades. Flower rather small, campanulate, white with pale purple markings. Ovary smooth. Dorsal sepal ovate, acute, concave, 3-nerved, about 5.1 mm. long and 4 mm. wide. Lateral sepals obliquely ovate, acute or short-acuminate, concave, markedly
longer than the dorsal sepal and equally wide. longer than the dorsal sepal but narrower.
Petals ovate-elliptic, acute, slightly
Lip anchor-shaped, concave, from a long-cuneate base abruptly dilated above, broadly rounded in front with a subtruncate, minutely apiculate apex, the anterior part terminating on each side in an obliquely triangular, retrorse lobule, about 7 mm. long and broad across the lobules. Column short, stout, about 2.3 mm. high at the back.
Loreto Right bank of Rio Santiago, above Pongo de Manseriche, 200 meters, common, Mexia 6221.
:
Dichaea calyculata Poepp.

1838; Cogn. Martius Fl. Bras. lata Schltr. Orchis 9: 26. 1915.
& Endl. Nov.
Gen. ac Sp. 2:
4, 1. 106.
3, pt. 6:
498. 1906.
Epithecia calycu-
Plant medium-sized for the genus, epiphytic. Stems solitary or two, erect or ascending, simple or very rarely bifurcate, spreading, arcuate or deflexed above, entirely concealed by imbricating leaf-sheaths, 20-45 cm. long. Leaves numerous, distichous, articulated, very narrowly linear, more or less recurved, acute or
acuminate and apiculate, 5-12.5 cm. long, about 2-3

dense.
mm. wide, loose to rather Inflorescences axillary, 1-flowered, much shorter than the leaves; peduncle capillary, erect or spreading, below with several acuminate, scarious sheaths, and
Flowers small, 1 bract which loosely envelops the smooth ovary. white with purple nerves or yellowish, the segments strongly concave, Dorsal sepal obovate-oblong, rounded and minutely erect and subconnivent. Lateral apiculate at the apex, about 5-7.8 mm. long and 2.75-4 mm. wide. sepals very similar to the dorsal sepal but a little broader or narrower, suboblique.
above with
sessile,
DICHABA
an cora ea fria
C/.
Oc&ureinfi.
FIG. 188. Dichaea ancoraelabia C. Schweinf. 1, plant; ural position; X 4. 3, dorsal sepal; X 4. 4, petal; X 4. 4. 6, lip, spread out; 7, column, oblique view; X 8.
2, flower, nat-
5, lateral
sepal;
4.
964

a
965
Petals narrowly obovate-oblong, subrounded and minutely apiculate at the apex, little shorter and narrower than the lateral sepals, minutely ciliolate. Lip
fleshy, sessile,
retrorse, uncinate angle
broadly obovate-deltoid, concave, abruptly dilated above with a on each side, broadly rounded-subtruncate in front with an incurved, emarginate and minutely apiculate apex, about 4.5-6 mm. long and 4-8.2 mm. wide above when expanded. Column rather long, stout, subclavate, 3-4.2 mm. high, with an elongate linear-subulate rostellum.
Huanuco: Near Cuchero (Cochero) and Pampayaco (Pampayacu), epiphyte, Poeppig 1092 (type). San Martin: In jungle east of Tingo
Maria, 625-1100 meters, Attard 20739, 20742. Tingo Maria, Allard 20940.
On
ridge east of
Dichaea campanulata C. Schweinf. Am. Orch.

346,
t.,
Soc. Bull. 16:
1947.
Figure 189.
Plant epiphytic, small to medium-sized for the genus, lax. Stems spreading, suberect, flexuous or arcuate, simple or branched, rarely up to 30 cm. or more long, entirely concealed by loose, imbricating leaf-sheaths. Leaves numerous, small,
apiculate, up to 2 cm. long (rarely) axils of upper leaves, much shorter
distichous, articulated, rather loose, oblong to elliptic-oblong, commonly acute or and 5 mm. wide. Inflorescences short, in the
than the leaves; peduncle filiform, 1-flowered, with 3 small, loose, imbricating, infundibulif orm sheaths at the base. Ovary sessile, smooth, surrounded by a loose, infundibuliform sheath. Flower very small, with spreading, membranaceous segments, snow-white and carmine, pinkish or pinkish white. Dorsal sepal oblong-ovate or elliptic-ovate, acute, apiculate, concave, about
mm. long and 2-2.5 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar to the dorsal sepal and sometimes slightly broader, suboblique. Petals oblong-elliptic, acute, commonly slightly smaller than the sepals, often somewhat oblique. Lip deeply con4.2-4.5
cave, a little shorter than the sepals but much wider, broadly rhombic-obovate, rounded in front with a more or less prominent apicule, cuneate below to a sessile base, with the outer angle on each side subacute (or lobulate) and spreading, about 3.5-4 mm. long and 5.1-6 mm. wide when expanded; disc with the mid-nerve carinate-thickened about to the middle. Column very short and stout, with a large stigmatic cavity below and a cucullate clinandrium above.
Ayacucho: Rio Apurimac Valley, near Kimpitiriki, 400 meters, at edge of dense forest along beach, Killip Smith 22978. Junin:
&
Chanchamayo Valley, 1500 meters, Schunke 524- East of Quimiri Bridge, near La Merced, 800-1300 meters, in dense forest, Killip & Smith 23955 (fruit). Tarma, Vitoc, "Eyebrow of the jungle," 1800 meters, Woytkowski 3. Loreto: Vicinity of Iquitos, 100 meters, on
living tree
by
river,
King 10014
(type).
(Sw.) Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 209. 1833; Rendle, Fl. Jam. 1: 138, t. 30, figs. 8-12. 1910. (Not D. graminoides Cogn. Martius Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6: 492, 1. 102, fig. 2. 1906.) Epidendrum graminoides Sw. Prod. Veg. Ind. Occ. 125. 1788. Cym-
Dichaea graminoides
Fawc.
&
966
30
1459. ?1806.
bidium graminoides Sw. Nov. Act. Upsal. 6: 71. 1799; Fl. Ind. Occ. Epithecia graminoides Schltr. Orchis 8: 101. 1914.
Plant small to medium-sized, erect to lax or arcuate, epiphytic or on rocks. long, simple or somewhat branched below, entirely concealed by leaf-sheaths, the lower portion destitute of leaf-blades. Leaves distichous, linear-oblong to elliptic-oblong, acute and prominently apiculate, articulated, wide-spreading, minutely ciliolate above, up to 4.4 cm. long, about 4-6 mm. wide, rather loose. Inflorescences axillary, 1-flowered, about half as long as the leaves or less; peduncle capillary, straight or arcuate. Ovary smooth. Flower medium-sized for the genus, whitish. Segments campanulate. Dorsal sepal elliptic-lanceolate, acute or short-acuminate, 5.9-7.9 mm. long, 2.2-3 mm. wide, 3- or indistinctly 5-nerved. Lateral sepals similar to the dorsal sepal but slightly longer and either narrower or more or less wider, lightly oblique. Petals similar to the sepals and either slightly smaller or larger. Lip shorter than the other segments but broader, 4.5-5.8 mm. long, 3.2-5.8 mm. wide above, divided by a constriction near the base into a broadly deltoid-ovate, acute to acuminate anterior part and a shorter, narrower basal part which is auriculate-rounded on each side; disc with a prominent central, longitudinal callus through the lower part. Column small,
Stems up to 30 cm. or more
stout, dilated
upward.
Peru, probably, Poeppig 2024, fide Kranzlin, Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 83), 47. 1923. Also the West Indies (type), Mexico, Guatemala and Nicaragua.
Dichaea humilis Cogn. Martius
Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6: 502. 1906.
Epithecia humilis Schltr. Orchis 9: 27. 1915. Plant small, epiphytic. Stems numerous, erect or ascending to arcuate,
3-7 cm. long, with
erect, densely fastigiate branches.
short,
Leaves numerous, densely distichous, articulated, narrowlyJinear, sharply acute and short-apiculate, minutely ciliate above, more or less falcate, usually conduplicate, 1.5-2.5 cm. long, 1.52.5
3-5
mm. mm.
wide.
long.
Ovary shortly and very densely muricate. Flowers
Inflorescences subterminal; peduncle very short, slender, erect, small, erect or
Sepals about equally long, oblong, short-acuminate, long, 1.75-2 mm. wide, submembranaceous, the lateral sepals lightly oblique. Petals narrowly lanceolate, acute, a little shorter and narrower than the sepals. Lip shorter and broader than the other segments, broadly rhomboid from a rather long and broadly clawed base, apex broadly tri-
nodding, purplish brown. somewhat concave, 5.5-6
mm.
angular-subrounded and minutely apiculate, the lateral angle on each side sharply acute, about 4 mm. long and equally wide when expanded. Column short, stout, dilated above, about 2 mm. high.
Loreto: Near Cerro de Ponasa, 1200 meters, on trees, Ule 6666.
No
was
available.
& Endl. Nov. Gen. ac Sp. 2: 4, t. 105, a-d. 1838; Cogn. Martius Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6: 500. 1906. Epithecia laxa Schltr. Orchis 9: 26. 1915. Fernandezia laxa Ruiz & Pav. Syst.
Dichaea laxa Poepp.
figs.
Veg. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. 1: 240. 1798, fide Schltr.
I.e.
camoanuâia
(3.
OcAuse i n
X %.
6, lip;
ft.
3,
FIG. 189. Dichaea campanulata C. Schweinf. 1, plant; dorsal sepal; X 8. 4, petal; X 8. 5, lateral sepal; X 8.
2, flower;
4.
8.
967
968
30
Plant small to medium-sized, lax, epiphytic. Stems solitary or few, ascending to pendent, flexuous or arcuate, simple or sometimes slightly branched, 10-50 cm. long. Leaves numerous, distichous, articulated, linear-ligulate or lanceolate-linear,
acute and rather long-aristate, minutely ciliate above, 2-3.5 cm. long, 4-6 mm. wide, rather loose or distant. Inflorescences axillary, filiform, 1-flowered, straight or arcuate, 10-13 mm. long, a little longer than the leaf-sheaths. Ovary shortly and densely echinate. Flowers small, pale violet, sessile with incurved, rather connivent, submembranaceous segments. Dorsal sepal oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 6 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, rather concave. Lateral sepals similar to the dorsal sepal
but shorter and slightly narrower, suboblique. Petals narrowly ligulate, acuminate, as long as the lateral sepals but slightly narrower. Lip as long as the lateral sepals and petals, about 5 mm. long, from a short, filiform claw abruptly dilated into a broadly ovate, cordate-sagittate lamina (about 3 mm. wide) which is obliquely mucronate in front, with the sides terminating in a subulate, reflexedcurved lobule. Column short, stout, clavate, lightly arcuate, about 2 mm. high.
Huanuco: Near Pampayaco (Pampayacu) and Cuchero (Cochero), Poeppig 1009. No material of this species was accessible.
Dichaea Morrisii Fawc.

Fl.
&
Jam.
1: 139,
t.
30, figs. 31-36. 1910.
Rendle, Journ. Bot. 48: 107. 1910; Epithecia Morrisii Schltr.
Orchis 9: 26. 1915.

Plant very stout for the genus, epiphytic, medium-sized to large. Stems solitary or several and caespitose, up to 45 cm. long, erect to arcuate or flexuous, entirely concealed by imbricating leaf-sheaths from which the leaf-blades have commonly fallen in the lower portion, the sheathed stem of the upper portion (in
the dried specimen) about 10-15
mm.
wide.
Leaves numerous, distichous, articu-
lated, wide-spreading, oblong to elliptic-oblong (rarely linear-oblong), subdistant,
about 2.7-7.5 cm. long and 5 (very rarely) -15 mm. wide, rounded and mucronate at the sometimes oblique apex with minutely ciliate upper margins. Inflorescences short, axillary, 1-flowered, the peduncle about 8 mm. long. Ovary and capsule densely echinate. Flower large for the genus, rather fleshy, pale or yellowgreen often striped with lavender and lip lavender, or greenish white with brown dots and rays. Dorsal sepal oblong-lanceolate, sharply acute or acuminate, concave, minutely ciliate, 11-17 mm. long, about 5 mm. wide. Lateral sepals obliquely ovate or lanceolate-ovate, acuminate, as long as the dorsal sepal but broader. Petals obliquely elliptic-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, a little shorter and narrower than the dorsal sepal. Lip concave with a reflexed apex, anchorshaped, about 9 mm. or more long, from a linear-oblong claw abruptly dilated above, abruptly acute or apiculate in front, the lateral lobe on each side retrorse, acute or obtuse and more or less elongate. Column short, stout, arcuate.
Cuzco: Prov. of Convention, Hda. Potrero, Sapan-Sachayocc, 2200 meters, in forest, Vargas 2533. Also Jamaica (type), Sto. Domingo, Costa Rica, Panama and Colombia.
Dichaea muricata (Sw.) Lindl. var. maculata (Poepp. & Endl.) C. Schweinf. Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 16: 17. 1953. Dichaea
969
maculata Poepp. & Endl. Nov. Gen. ac Sp. 2: 3, 1. 105, figs. 1-6. 1838; Cogn. Martius Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6: 489. 1906; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 83), 40. 1923.
Plant medium-sized to large, epiphytic, lax, variable throughout. Stems pendmore rarely branched, straight, lightly arcuate or flexuous, 7-120 cm. long, entirely concealed by the imbricating, sheathing bases of the leaves, ancipitous and more or less robust. Leaves very numerous, distichous, small, commonly very dense, either horizontally spreading or somewhat deflexed, not articulated; lamina oblong or elliptic-oblong, obtuse to rounded at the apex, apiculate, prominently ciliolate above, about 9-22 mm. long and 4-8 mm. wide. Inflorescences axillary, 1-flowered, suberect to arcuate-recurved, much shorter than the leaves; peduncle subfiliform, about 1 cm. long, clothed at the base with 2 or 3 short imbricated sheaths. Ovary and capsule densely echinate. Flowers rather small to medium-sized, variable in color (pale blue with large violet spots, dark purple, or cream-color spotted with lilac), campanulate, more or less fleshy. Dorsal sepal oblong-lanceolate, acute, concave, about 9-10.2 mm. long and 2.5-4 mm. wide. Lateral sepals obliquely lanceolate, acuminate, a little larger or smaller than the dorsal sepal. Petals subelliptic, acute or shortly acuminate, markedly shorter than the dorsal sepal and as wide or nearly as wide as the lateral sepals. Lip from a long cuneate base or a short, oblong, fleshy claw (attached to and continuous with the column) dilated into an obovate-suborbicular lamina which is rounded above with a more or less prominent mucro, 7-11 mm. long and 8.8-10 mm. wide when expanded, on each side terminating in a narrowly triangular, acuminate, spreading or retrorse lobule. Column short, stout, with a prominent lanceolate or subquadrateent, simple or
triangular ligule below.
Peru: Habitat not indicated, Pavdn s.n. Cuzco: Prov. of Convention, "alturas de Pintobamba," 2700 meters, pendent epiphyte
in forest,
Vargas 3244-
and Cuchero (Cochero),
in
Huanuco: Near Pampayaco (Pampayacu) dark humid woods, Poeppig 11+79 (type).
Junin: Pichis Trail, Yapas, 1350-1600 meters, in dense forest, Smith 25490. Rio Paucartambo Valley, near Perene Bridge, Killip 700 meters, in dense forest, Killip Smith 25249. Tarma, Vitoc, 1400 meters, Woytkowski 3A. Loreto: Left bank of Rio Santiago,
&
&
above Pongo de Manseriche, 200 meters, Mexia 6237. Near TaraPuerto Melendez, below Pongo de Manseriche, poto, Spruce 4601 on banks of the Maranon River, 155 meters, Tessmann 4766. San Martin: San Roque, 1350-1500 meters, Williams 7202. Also Costa
.
Rica, fide Kranzlin
(I.e.).
Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 209. 1833; Kranzl. Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 83), 51. 1923. Epithecia panamensis Engler, Schltr. Orchis 9: 25. 1915. Dichaeopsis panamensis Schltr. Beih. Bot.
Dichaea panamensis
Centralbl. 36, Abt. 2: 519. 1918.
Figure 190.
Stems simple or rarely branched,
Plant small to medium-sized, epiphytic.
commonly
several
and
caespitose, erect or less
commonly arcuate
or flexuous, en-
970
tirely concealed
FIELDIANA: BOTANY,
by imbricating
VOLUME
30
Leaves leaf-sheaths, rarely up to 27 cm. long. loose, linear or oblong-linear (rarely elliptic-oblong), acute, apiculate, spreading, commonly glaucous, up to 4 cm. long (rarely) and 5 mm. wide, commonly in zones of more or less different lengths.
numerous, distichous, articulated, rather
filiform.
Inflorescences axillary, 1-flowered, usually much shorter than the leaves; peduncles Flowers small to medium-sized, campanulate, variable in color (whitish,
greenish or yellowish, often with red or purple spots). Ovary and capsule glabrous. Dorsal sepal oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, concave, about 47.3
mm.
long and 2-2.8
mm.
wide.
Lateral sepals triangular-lanceolate, very
oblique, acuminate, deeply concave below, somewhat longer and broader than the dorsal sepal. Petals obliquely ovate or oblong-ovate, acute, shorter and much
wider than either sepal. Lip obovate-anchoriform, about 4.3-9 mm. long and nearly as wide or narrower across the lateral lobules, from a broadly oblong claw abruptly dilated near the middle or below into a broadly ovate, acute or acuminate lamina with a sharp, spreading-retrorse, more or less prominent angle or lobule on
each
side.
:
Column
short, stout, with a small recurved ligule below.
Smith 25412. Also Mexico in dense forest, Killip America to Panama (type), Colombia and Venezuela.
Junin East of Quimiri Bridge, near La Merced, 800-1300 meters, and Central &
Dichaea tenuis C. Schweinf. Am. Orch.

1952.
Soc. Bull. 21: 510,
t.,
Figure 191.
Plant small and slender, epiphytic, up to about 7 cm. or more high. Stems apparently caespitose, slender, commonly arcuate, up to 7 cm. in length, entirely concealed by tubular, leaf-bearing sheaths which waste into fibres at the base. Leaves numerous, distichous, spreading, very fleshy, acicular, semiterete or subnate,
quadrate in section with a deep groove on the upper surface, articulated, acumimore or less recurved above, about 9-11 mm. long. Inflorescences axillary on the upper part of the stem; peduncle filiform, distinctly shorter than the subtending leaf. Flower subglobose in natural position, with the subfleshy perianth-
segments seemingly connivent. Ovary smooth. Sepals and lip concave in natural position. Dorsal sepal oblong-ovate, acute, about 3 mm. long and 1.6 mm. wide. Lateral sepals obliquely elliptic-ovate, acute, somewhat longer and broader than the dorsal sepal. Petals ovate-elliptic, acute, slightly shorter and broader than the dorsal sepal. Lip anchor-shaped, from a cuneate-unguiculate base dilated into an abruptly crescentiform anterior portion, very broadly rounded above and abruptly apiculate in the center, about 3.1 mm. long and 3.8 mm. wide across the disc when expanded. Column very short and stout, about 1.4 mm. high at the back.
San Martin: In a deep ravine near the top of a ridge east of Tingo Maria, 525-1100 meters, on fallen tree, Allard 21577.
FIG. 190. Dichaea panamensis Lindl. Plant; X 1. view; X 3. 2, lateral sepal; X 3. 3, dorsal sepal; X 3. side view; X 3. 6, pollinia and stipe; much enlarged.
1,
flower, spread open, side
4, petal;
3.
5,
column,
971
FIG. 191. Dichaea tennis C. Schweinf. natural position; X 9. 3, lip expanded;
1,
plant;
7,
expanded;
7.
6, lateral
sepal
X 7. expanded; X 7.
972
4, petal;
X 1 AX
1
2,
7.
flower from side, 5, dorsal sepal

side;
column from
7.
973
PACHYPHYLLUM HBK.
Inconspicuous, minute to medium-sized epiphytes without pseudo-
from Costa Rica and Panama to Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia.
bulbs, extending
Stems short or long, simple to more or less branched, erect to arcuate and pendent, often caespitose, entirely concealed by densely imbricating leaf-sheaths.
Leaves distichous, articulated, numerous, short, fleshy, spreading, often conduplicate and recurved. Inflorescences axillary, short, racemose, few-flowered or reduced to one flower. Flowers small to minute, shortly pedicelled. Sepals free or
more or less connate, equal or nearly so. Petals similar to the sepals, often broader. Lip erect, simple or obscurely 3-lobed, longitudinally concave, more or less adnate
to the sepaline tube, the disc usually provided in the middle or below with a pair of short, broad keels or calli. Column very short, stout, dilated into a large petaloid clinandrium. Anther opercular, incumbent. Pollinia 2, obovoid-oblong, sessile on
a small gland.
Al.
Petals and anterior portion of the lip minutely denticulate; anterior portion of the lip distinctly narrower than the basal portion and often recurved. P. Pastii
Petals and anterior portion of the lip entire; anterior portion of the lip only I slightly narrower than the basal portion or broader
A2.
la.
Leaves
elliptic or
Ib.
la.
Leaves not
or equitant
elliptic
oval to oblong-elliptic, never equitant or conduplicate ... 1 (sometimes broadly oblong) in outline, often conduplicate 3
Disc of the Disc of the
lip
lip
Ib.
2a.
naked, i.e., destitute of lamellae or tubercles. .P. parvifolium 2 with a pair of prominent lamellae or tubercles
Plant relatively small and slender, leaves 8
mm.
or
or less long; lip broadly
rounded at the apex

2b.
3a.
P. gracillimum
Plant relatively large and stout, leaves 11 long; lip strongly acute or acuminate
mm.
more (commonly 15 mm.)

P. breviconnatum
4
5
3b.
4a.
and Sepals, petals and

Sepals, petals
lip lip
strongly adnate into a tube below free or adnate only at the very base
lip
Leaves fimbriate-ciliate;
basal
calli
broadly ovate, acute or subacute, with 2 small P. muscoides
4b.
Leaves entire, smooth on the margin; lip broadly obovate, strongly obtuse or rounded at the apex, with 2 large triangular lamellae near the middle.
P. tenue Leaves triangular when seen from the side; lip obscurely 3-lobed with a fold P. capitatum on each side 5b. Leaves oblong, ligulate, or semilunate when seen from the side; lip strictly
5a.
6 simple Lip rhombic-ovate or rhombic-ligulate, with a pair of short, fleshy calli; leaves P. distichum commonly conduplicate 7 6b. Lip oblong, obovate-oblong or pandurate
6a.
7a.
7b.
P. lycopodioides 1 Leaves apparently not conduplicate; lip oblong, obtuse 8 Leaves distinctly conduplicate; lip strongly acute or mucronate
is
1 This species, of which we have not seen any authentic material, obscure and may be referable to P. distichum.
rather
974
8a.

Plant relatively
tall,
30
rugose; leaves about 5

8b.
15 cm. or more high; leaf-sheaths shining, transversely mm. wide in natural position P. serra
rugose; leaves about 2-3
Plant relatively short, about 9 cm. or less high; leaf-sheaths not transversely mm. wide in natural position P. pectinatum
Pachyphyllum breviconnatum
115. 1921; Mansf.
Schltr.
t.
Fedde Repert. Beih.

130, nr. 510. 1929.
9:
Fedde Repert. Beih. 57:
Plant large for the genus, pendent, up to 53 cm. or more long. Stems flexuous or arcuate, more or less branched, rather slender, entirely or mostly concealed by loose, infundibuliform leaf-sheaths. Leaves small, very numerous, distichous, articulated, wide-spreading, elliptic to elliptic-oblong ("obliquely oblong"), acute or
subacute and prominently mucronate, minutely ciliolate near the apex, fleshy, 1.1 (rarely) -2.3 cm. long, up to 7.5 mm. wide, rather loose. Inflorescences numerous, axillary, shorter than the leaves, commonly 3- or 4-flowered above; floral bracts spreading, amplexicaul, triangular-lanceolate to ovate-triangular, acuminate, the lower ones successively larger. Flowers rather large for the genus, white or primrose yellow, fleshy, with wide-spreading or recurved segments, slightly connate below. Dorsal sepal elliptic-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute, mucronate, dorsally strongly carinate, about 6 mm. long and 1.5-1.9 mm. wide. Lateral
sepals obliquely oblong-lanceolate,
dorsally carinate,
more or less lightly falcate, acute, mucronate, longer and slightly wider than the dorsal sepal, considerably connate below. Petals obliquely oblong-lanceolate, acute, mucronate, similar to the dorsal sepal but shorter and either slightly narrower or broader. Lip
much
acute, about 5-5.5
with the claw adnate to the sepaline tube; free portion lanceolate-elliptic, sharply mm. long and 2-2.2 mm. wide; disc below the middle with a pair of spreading, fleshy, semiorbicular-conic calli. Column rather short and stout, about 3-4 mm. high at the back, with a large, concave, retuse clinandrium. Ovary
trigonous, trialate.
Cuzco: Prov. of Paucartambo, below Tres Cruces Inn, 36003700 meters, Weberbauer 6976 (type). "Pillahuata," Cerro de Cusilluyoc, 2800-3100 meters, epiphytic in thickets, Pennell 14129. The latter collection, which is somewhat smaller throughout than the type, has "primrose-yellow" flowers.
Kranzl. Engler, Bot. Jahrb. 37: 386. Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 83), 21. 1923. 1906;
Plant medium-sized. Stems rather stout, straight or scarcely curved, 10-1 5 cm. densely leafy. Leaves equitant, triangular as seen from the side, obtuse, thickly fleshy, about 10 mm. long and 5-6 mm. wide. Inflorescences axillary on
tall,
Pachyphyllum capita turn
the upper portion of the plant, a little surpassing the leaves, densely 3- to 4-flowered and subcapitate; floral bracts minute. Flowers small, white, shining without. Dorsal sepal oblong, acute, 4-5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide. Lateral sepals equally long, ovate-oblong, acute. Petals oblong, apiculate, rather broader than the sepals. Lip oblong-obovate, obscurely 3-lobed above with a fold on each side, rounded, retuse and apiculate at the apex; disc through the lower portion with a pair of
lamellae (higher in front).
Column very broad and
foliaceous.

Amazonas: East
of
975
Chachapoyas between Tambo Ventillas and Piscohuanuna, 2600-2700 meters, in grass-steppe with scattering shrubs, Weberbauer 4421.
No
example of
this species
was
available.
(Ruiz & Pav.) Schltr. Fedde ReFernandezia denticulata Ruiz & Pav. Syst. Veg. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. 1 240. 1798. = an obscure concept, perhaps referable to P. distichum HBK.
Pachyphyllum denticulatum
:
pert. Beih. 9: 180. 1921.
Huanuco:
Pillao,
on trees and rocks, Pavdn
s.n.
Pachyphyllum distichum HBK. Nov. Gen.

77. 1816; Reichb.
fig.
f.
et Sp. 1: 339,
t.
II,
Bonpl. 3: 219. 1855; Xen. Orch. 1: 165, t. 58, 5-7. 1856; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 83), 25.
1923.
Plant epiphytic or rarely terrestrial, commonly rather large and stout. Stems usually arcuate, simple or more commonly branched, about 52 cm. or less long, entirely or nearly enveloped by distichous, loose leaf-sheaths. Leaves very numerous, rather dense, broadly to narrowly oblong, articulated, usually strongly compressed and conduplicate in the dried specimen, more or less falcately recurved, apiculate at the rounded apex, minutely serrulate-ciliate throughout, up to 3.1 cm.
long and 1 cm. wide when expanded. Inflorescences numerous, axillary, shorter than the leaves, racemose, recurved, densely about 6- to 8-flowered; floral bracts amplexicaul, conduplicate, triangular-ovate, ciliolate. Perianth segments free. Flowers very small, green or greenish white, with the floral parts fleshy and campanulate. Dorsal sepal oblong, navicular, acute, dorsally carinate, up to 3.5 mm. long and 1.4 mm. wide. Lateral sepals oblong-lanceolate, acute, navicular, lightly oblique, somewhat longer and slightly narrower than the dorsal sepal. Petals obliquely oblong, sometimes broader above, acute, slightly shorter and narrower than the dorsal sepal. Lip oblong-lanceolate, rhombic-lanceolate or rhombic-ovate,
longitudinally concave, obtuse, up to about 4 mm. long above the middle with a pair of fleshy, finger-like calli.
and
2.2
mm.
wide; disc
Column
and
stout, dilated
upward, trilobulate at the apex, up to about
relatively large 2.6 mm. high at the
back.
Ovary
trigonous, narrowly trialate.
Cuzco: Habitat not recorded, Bues 2158. Prov. of Convention, Tanamanche-Quellomayo, 3750 meters, Vargas 4445. "Pillahuata," Cerro de Cusilluyoc, 2800-3100 meters, epiphyte in thicket, Pennell 14128. Prov. of Urubamba, near Wenner Gren ruins, 3400-3600 meters, in dense wet dark forest with much fog and rain, Metcalf 30767 (fl. old on fruit). Huanuco: Cani, 7 miles northeast of Mito, about 2600 meters, Macbride 3462. Prov. of Pachitea, above La Molina near Panao, on bushy slope, Asplund 13643. Also Colombia
and Ecuador
(type).
976
30
Pachyphyllum gracillimum
16: 564, t, 1947.
C. Schweinf.
Am.
Orch. Soc. Bull.
Figure 192.
Plant epiphytic, very slender and lax. Stems short to relatively elongate, lax, usually remotely branched, about 37 cm. or less long, entirely (or mostly) conLeaves numerous, distichous, very cealed by loose spreading leaf-sheaths. small, articulated, elliptic to lanceolate-elliptic or oblong-elliptic, never equitant,
acute and prominently mucronate, flat and never conduplicate, wide-spread6-8 mm. long, up to 3.3 mm. wide, minutely ciliolate on the upper margins. Inflorescences very numerous, axillary, shorter than the leaves, racemose, densely
ing,
nodding in the upper half. Floral bracts semiamplexicaul, spreadtoward the base of the raceme. Flowers very small, yellow-greenish, campanulate, fleshy, the sepals, petals and lip connate below to form a short tube. Dorsal sepal (including the connate basal portion) oblong or ovate-oblong, subacute at the rounded apex, about 3 mm. long and 1.2 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar to the dorsal sepal but somewhat narrower, oblong, navicular, slightly oblique. Petals very similar to the dorsal sepal but shorter and slightly narrower, ovate-oblong, acute. Lip small, adnate to the sepaline tube, oblong-oval, broadly rounded at the apex, about 1.8 mm. long (free part) and 1.1 mm. wide; disc below the middle with a pair of erect-spreading, obliquely triangular lamellae which are truncated on the outer angle. Column very short and stout, about 1.7 mm. high, with a large concave clinandrium. Ovary trigonous and trialate.
3- to 6-flowered,
ing, triangular, conduplicate, larger
Cuzco: Prov. of Urubamba, Puyupata-Tuncapata, 3200 meters, Vargas 2932 (type). Prov. of Urubamba, near Wenner Gren ruins, 3400-3600 meters, in dense wet forest with much fog and rain,
Metcalf 30770.
Pachyphyllum haemathodes
Schltr.
Fedde Repert. Beih.
9: 180. 1921.
Pav. Syst. Veg. Fl. concept, probably referable to Maxillaria crassicaulis C. Schweinf., a new name for Ornithidium Weberbauerianum Kranzl.
Ruiz
&
"haematodes") (Ruiz & Pav.) Fernandezia haemathodes Peruv. et Chil. 1: 240. 1798.= obscure
(as
Huanuco: Mufia, on
trees
and
rocks,
Pavdn
s.n.
Schltr. Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: Fedde Repert. Beih. 57: t. 130, nr. 511. 1929. Pachyphyllum Pastii Kranzl. ex Weberb. Pflanzenw. Peru. And. 254.
Pachyphyllum lycopodioides
116. 1921; Mansf.
1911, not Reichb.
f.
Plant epiphytic, erect, about 25 cm. high.

leafy, entirely concealed
Stems
strict,
rather stout, densely
by
close, imbricating, denticulate leaf-sheaths.
Leaves
recurved-spreading, oblong-ligulate, apiculate, fleshy, sparingly papillose-serrulate on the margin, up to 9 mm. long, about 3 mm. wide. Inflorescences lateral, 3- to
4-flowered, erect-spreading but nodding above; peduncle subcompressed, up to 5 mm. long; floral bracts ovate, short-acuminate. Flowers small, white, glabrous. Sepals shortly connate at the base. Dorsal sepal ovate-oblong ("oblong-ligulate").
PACHYPHXi-L-UM
C/.
FIG. 192.
from
side; 12.
8.
Pachyphyllum gradllimum C. Schweinf. 1, plant; X 1. 2, flower 4, lip from side, natural position; 3, flower opened out; X 12.
977
978
30
mm. long and 1.25 mm. Lateral sepals oblong-lanceolate ("oblong-ligulate"), oblique, carinate, apparently longer than the dorsal sepal. Petals obliquely and narrowly ellipticoblong, subacute, a little shorter than the dorsal sepal, entire. Lip suberect and
mucronulate, sharply carinate on the back, about 3.75
wide.
parallel to the column, shortly connate at the base with the sepaline tube, oblong, obtuse, equally long with the petals, slightly narrowed in the middle of each side;
disc in the middle with a pair of obliquely subulate, subobtuse calli. Column very short and stout, about 2 mm. high, with a broad, concave clinandrium which is obscurely trilobulate at the truncate apex. Ovary clavate, trigonous.
Huanuco: Southwest
meters, Weberbauer 3327.
of
Monzon, on the mountains, 3400-3500

was
available.
No
example of
this species
216. 1918.
a-e. 1923.
(Kranzl.) Schltr. Fedde Repert. 15: muscoides Kranzl. Engler, Bot. Jahrb. 37: Orchidotypus 383. 1906; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 83), 59, fig. 3 C,
Pachyphyllum muscoides
Plant minute, epiphytic. Stems suberect to arcuate or lax, simple or very rarely branched, slender, about 7.5 cm. or less long, entirely concealed by leafsheaths. Leaves very small, distichous, more or less numerous, articulated, elliptic-oblong to oblong or linear-oblong, acute, mucronate, often conduplicate and
falcate-recurved in the dried specimen, conspicuously ciliate throughout, about 7 mm. or less long and 1-1.5 mm. wide. Inflorescences axillary, abbreviated, much shorter than the leaves, apparently 1- or 2-flowered. Flowers pale green to yellowish white,
very small, campanulate, about 2 mm. long. Parts of the perianth all connate into a tube below the middle. Dorsal sepal (free portion) oblong-ovate, acute or obtuse, about 1 mm. long and 0.6 mm. wide. Lateral sepals (free portion) obliquely lanceolate-ovate, acute, little longer than the dorsal sepal. Petals (free
portion) ovate, subacute, overlapping the sepals at the sides, similar to the dorsal sepal but a little shorter and wider. Lip with narrow claw adnate to the sepaline
tube; free portion rotund-ovate, subacute, about 1-1.2 mm. long and 1 mm. broad; disc at the base on each side with a small, erect, obliquely subquadrate lamella. Column relatively large, stout, about 1.4 mm. high, mostly occupied by a large,
concave clinandrium.
Cajamarca: Prov. of Chota, mountains west of Huambos, 27003000 meters, in sclerophyllous vegetation, especially shrubs with scattering small trees, Weberbauer 4189 (type, as Orchidotypus). Also Colombia and Central America (Costa Rica, Panama).
Pachyphyllum parvifolium
Lindl.
Hook.
Ic. PI. 2: 1. 117.
1837;
Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 83), 23. 1923.

Plant slender. Stems few, slender, commonly several-branched with remote ascending branches, up to about 18 cm. long, lightly flexuous, entirely concealed by leaf-sheaths. Leaves very numerous, distichous, rather loose, articulated, oblong-elliptic to oval, obtuse, never conduplicate, wide-spreading, about 13 mm. or

less
979
long and 4 mm. or less wide. Inflorescences numerous, axillary, commonly densely 3-flowered (rarely 4-flowered), about equaling or a little shorter than the leaves. Flowers small, campanulate, about 4 mm. long. Dorsal sepal oblong to
elliptic-oblong, acute, concave, navicular, dorsally carinate.
Lateral sepals somelonger, obliquely oblong-lanceolate, acute, navicular, dorsally carinate. Petals similar to the dorsal sepal, obtuse, ecarinate. Lip very similar to the
what
petals,
Column a
line,
apparently elliptic-oblong, entirely naked (without lamellae or tubercles). little shorter than the petals, broadly winged, elliptic-obovate in outconcave, lightly retuse at the apex.
Amazonas: Chachapoyas, Mathews 1836. No material of this species was available, but there
graph of the type
in the
is
a photo-
Ames Herbarium.
f.
Pachyphyllum
1: 165,
t.
Pastii Reichb.
Bonpl. 3: 239. 1855; Xen. Orch.
58, fig.
I,
(Heft. 83), 25. 1923. Beih. 7: 204. 1920; Mansf.
1-4. 1856; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 Pachyphyllum Stuebelii Schltr. Fedde Repert.
Fedde Repert. Beih.
57:
t.
73, nr. 283.
1929.
Plant epiphytic, medium-sized for the genus. Stems rather stout, often aggregated, simple or more commonly branched, up to 65 cm. or more long, entirely or mostly concealed by veiny, ciliate-margined sheaths. Leaves very numerous, distichous, articulated, wide-spreading, rotund-ovate, oblong-oval or elliptic-oblong, often conduplicate and falcate-recurved in the dried specimen, obtuse and mucro-
nate, ciliate-denticulate throughout, up to 14 mm. long and 7 mm. wide. Inflorescences more or less numerous, axillary, densely few- (2- to 6-) flowered and nodding
above, the peduncle much shorter than the leaves. Floral bracts semiamplexicaul, conduplicate, triangular-ovate, acute or acuminate. Flowers very small, more or less fleshy, campanulate, commonly yellowish green with a white lip. Sepals shortly connate at the base. Dorsal sepal oblong to ovate-oblong (rarely ovate),
acute, mucronate, concave or navicular, dorsally carinate, about 3.2 (rarely 2) mm. long, 1.5-1 .8 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar to the dorsal sepal but a little longer,
obliquely oblong-lanceolate (rarely obliquely ovate). Petals oblong or lanceolateoblong (rarely oval-oblong), acute to subacute, more or less conspicuously ciliolatedenticulate, a little shorter and more or less narrower than the dorsal sepal. Lip elliptic-oblong or oblong-rhombic in outline and about 4 (rarely 3) mm. long when expanded, more or less distinctly trilobulate above the concave base, with the anterior lobule more or less reflexed, subacute to obtuse, with the anterior margins ciliolate-denticulate, about 2 mm. or more (rarely 1.8 mm.) wide near the middle; disc in the middle with a pair of small, approximate digitiform calli. Column relatively large, oblong-cylindric to oblong-ovoid, lightly trilobulate at the truncate apex, about 2.1-2.7 (rarely 1.7) mm. high at the back. Ovary trigonous, nar-
rowly
trialate.
Cuzco: Prov. of Convention, Santa Ana Valley, Alturas del Chaco, Bues (Herrera 2124ty. Prov. of Urubamba, on trail from Puyupata to Sayacmarca, 3600 meters, Vargas 2895. Prov. of Urubamba, near Wenner Gren ruins, 3400-3600 meters, in wet shady
980

rain,
30
sphagnum bog with much fog and

of Huamalies,
Metcalf 30756.
Same
local-
ity as the last, in dense wet forest, Metcalf 30775.
Huanuco: Prov.
mountains southwest of Monzon, 3400-3500 meters, Weberbauer 3327. Also Colombia (type of P. Stuebelii) and Ecuador (type of P. Pastii).
Pachyphyllum pectinatum Reichb. f. Xen. Orch. 3: 22. 1878; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 83), 22. 1923.
Plant epiphytic, small, simple or sparingly branched, about 10 cm. or less tall. less arcuate, densely to loosely many-leaved, rather slender, entirely concealed by leaf-sheaths which are longitudinally nervose. Leaves conduplicate, recurved, oblong-semilunate when viewed from the side, apiculate, with the anterior margin minutely denticulate, about 5-8 (rarely 14) mm. long and 2-3 mm. wide in natural position. Inflorescences racemose, few-flowered, when flowering a little shorter than the leaves. Floral bracts triangular or triangularlanceolate, much shorter than the pedicellate ovary. Flowers very small, campanDorsal sepal oblong-lanceolate ("ligulate"), acute, ulate, white or ivory-color. Lateral sepals navicular, subcarinate, 2.3-3.2 mm. long, 0.8-1.1 mm. wide.
Stems erect or more or
obliquely oblong-lanceolate, acute, mucronate, carinate, slightly longer and broader than the dorsal sepal. Petals oblanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, shortly acuminate, slightly shorter than the dorsal sepal. Lip oblong-oblanceolate ("lig-
ulate-obovate"), acute, mucronate, longitudinally concave, 2-3.1 mm. long, 0.751.25 mm. wide; disc with a pair of approximate keels extending from near the base to above the middle where more or less dilated. Column stout, 1.6-2 mm. high
at the back, with a large suborbicular, concave wing throughout.
Ovary trigonous.
Cuzco: Region of Vilcabamba, "Buena Cuesta," toward Cochayoc, about 2460 meters, Bues 1615. Same locality, Vargas 417. Puno: Prov. of Carabaya, "Ackopampa a Juro-Juro," 3500 meters, on rocks, Vargas 7038. Also Bolivia (type).
f. Bonpl. 3: 219. 1855; Reichb. f. 13-17. 1856; Kranzl. Engler, Pflan58, fig. IV, zenr. IV. 50 (Heft 83), 26. 1923.
Pachyphyllum
1: 167,
serra Reichb.
Xen. Orch.
t.
Plant probably epiphytic, apparently simple, about 15 cm. or more tall. Stem stout, strict, entirely concealed by leaf-sheaths which are longitudinally and trans-
Leaves very numerous and dense, spreading, conduplicate, oblong-semilunate, recurved, acute, about 1.5 cm. long and 5 mm. wide in natural position, with the anterior margin minutely denticulate. Inflorescences
versely rugose and shining.
very short, racemose, few-flowered, much shorter than the leaves. Floral bracts triangular, equal to the pedicellate ovary. Flowers very small, with subparallel segments. Sepals ligulate, acute, carinate, about 3.5 mm. long and scarcely 1 mm. wide (according to Kranzlin). Petals ligulate-oblanceolate, acute or shortly acuminate, slightly shorter and narrower than the sepals. Lip ligulate-pandurate, acute or acuminate, rounded at the base; disc in front of the constriction with a pair of elongate keels which are angled in front. Column 3-lobed at the apex with the mid-lobe longer and retuse. Ovary trigonous, slender.

Amazonas: Chachapoyas, Mathews
s.n.
981
No material
or other record of this species has been examined.
Pachyphyllum subbiflorum
pert. Beih. 9: 181. 1921.
Veg. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. 1:
(Ruiz & Pav.) Schltr. Fedde ReFernandezia subbiflora Ruiz & Pav. Syst. 240. 1798.= obscure species.
Huanuco: Muna, on
trees
and rocks, Pavon
s.n.
Pachyphyllum tenue
Schltr.
t.
Fedde Repert. Beih.

131, nr. 512. 1929.
9: 116. 1921;
Mansf. Fedde Repert. Beih. 57:
Plant epiphytic, small, slender, about 8 cm. tall. Stem simple, arcuate, very slender, entirely concealed by leaf-sheaths. Leaves rather loose, spreading, ligulate, apiculate, entire, 4.5-6 mm. long, scarcely exceeding 1 mm. wide in the middle.
Inflorescences solitary, densely 2- to 3-flowered, erect-spreading, slightly exceeding the leaves, the peduncle a little shorter than the leaves. Floral bracts ovatedeltoid, acute, much shorter than the pedicellate ovary. Flowers minute, campanulate, erect-spreading, with sepals, petals and lip shortly connate below. Dorsal
eral sepals apparently a little longer
sepal oblong or ovate-oblong, obtuse, dorsally carinate, about 1.5 mm. long. Latand much wider than the dorsal sepal, obliquely
oblong-ovate. Petals oblong-elliptic ("oblong"), obtuse, a little shorter than the with the lower sides overlapping the sepals. Lip broadly obovate in outline, rounded in front, adnate to the sepaline tube by the narrowed, clawed base,
sepals,
as long as the petals, broader than the sepals in the upper part; disc below the middle with a pair of large, obliquely triangular, wing-like lamellae (highest at the truncate apex). Column short, scarcely 1 mm. high, terminated by a large concave-cucullate, trilobulate clinandrium.
Ovary
trigonous.
s.n.
Junin:
Chanchamayo
Valley, Koehler
No
example
of this species
was
available.
CENTROPETALUM
A
to Colombia,
Lindl. (including
Nasonia
Lindl.)
small group of South American epiphytes apparently limited Ecuador and Peru.
Stems simple or
Plants very small to medium-sized, without pseudobulbs.
rarely branched, erect or commonly arcuate, entirely concealed by leaf-bearing sheaths. Leaves numerous, distichous, small, flat to conduplicate or equitant, articulated, commonly recurved or falcate, fleshy, caducous. Inflorescences lateral, axillary, 1- or rarely 2-flowered.
Flowers small to medium-sized, often large
in relation to the plant, yellow, orange, red or purple. Sepals subequal, narrow, free or the laterals partly connate, more or less carinate (especially the laterals).
Petals subequally long but commonly much wider than the sepals. Lip similar to the rest of the perianth or much larger, sessile or short-clawed, entire or rarely subtrilobed. Column short, with a large petaloid clinandrium. Pollinia 4, on two
free or partly free stipes.
982
30
Al. A2.
Lip about equaling the other perianth segments, elliptic-lanceolate with a

saccate base
C. Hartwegii Lip larger (especially broader) than the other segments (commonly much larger), suborbicular, triangular-suborbicular or rhombic-obovate, without a I saccate base
la.
Lamina
of the lip triangular-cordate or suborbicular-cordate, with a strongly cordate base; base of the disc with a long keel terminated by a bilobed callus. C. ionantherum
Ib.
Lamina
of the lip not triangular-cordate, base of the disc without a long keel
commonly with a cuneate
base;
1
la.
Lip suborbicular, slightly longer than the sepals, with a bilobed callus above 1 the base C. nigro-signatum Lip rhombic-obovate to transversely oval, much longer than the sepals, with a small concave callus (rarely bilobed) at the base C. distichum
Ib.
Centropetalum distichum Lindl. Sert. Orch. sub t. 21. 71838; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 83), 30. 1923; C. Schweinf. Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 17: 62. 1955. Centropetalum Warsfig. 1,
Bot. Zeit. 10: 706. 1852; Xen. Orch. 1: 96, t. 38, Fernandezia disticha Schltr. Fedde Repert. 16: 349. 1920. Fernandezia Warscewiczii Schltr. Fedde Repert. 16: 349. 1920. Fernandezia pulchra Schltr. Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 117. 1921; Mansf. Fedde Repert. Beih. 57: t. 131, nr. 513. 1929.
cewiczii Reichb.
f.
1-5. 1855.
Plant small, suberect or commonly more or less arcuate. Stems simple, up to about 12 cm. long, entirely concealed by striate-sulcate leaf-bearing sheaths.
Leaves numerous, subdensely distichous,
linear, articulated, caducous, conduplicate or subterete, lightly recurved and falcate, acute, fleshy, about 7-15 mm. long, about 2 mm. wide. Inflorescences very short, 1-flowered, in the axils of the upper leaves. Pedicels rather long, with a trigonous ovary. Flower large for the plant,
yellow or orange-yellow to scarlet or purple. Sepals lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute or short-acuminate, dorsally carinate, about 7 mm. or less long, 2-2.7 mm. wide, lateral sepals oblique and connate at the base. Petals about as long as the sepals but often nearly twice as wide, ovate-elliptic, acute, apiculate. Lip conspicuously longer and much wider than the other segments, rhombic-obovate, cuneateflabellate or transversely oval, broadly cuneate toward the base, very broadly rounded (and rarely retuse) at the apex, about 10 mm. long and 10-14 mm. wide; disc with a very small ovate-oblong, concave (rarely bilobulate) callus at the base. Column short, with a large cucullate and petaloid, denticulate, often trilobulate clinandrium.
Amazonas: Chachapoyas, among lichens, Mathews s.n. (type of C. distichum), Hubsch ex Reichb. f., fide Kranzlin (I.e.). Cajamarca: East side of the Cordillera, east of Huancabamba, epiphytic, in sclerophyllous vegetation, Weberbauer 6141 (type of Fernandezia
pulchra).
Also Ecuador (type of C. Warscewiczii)
1 This concept was considered referable to C. ionantherum by Schlechter (Fedde Repert. Beih. 9 [1921], 181), but it seems preferable to follow Kranzlin in considering it distinct.

Centropetalum Hartwegii
zenr. IV. 50 (Heft 83), 30. 1923.
983
(Reichb.
f.)
Kranzl. Engler, Pflanin sched., fide

f. Xen. Kranz-
Nasonia Hartwegii Reichb.
Orch. 1: 97. 1855.

lin, I.e.
Nasonia punctata Lindl.
stout, simple,
Plant small, stout, more or less arcuate. Stems commonly strongly curved, about 22 cm. or less long, entirely concealed by loose, infundibuli-
Leaves numerous, densely distichous, flat, lanceolate, lanceolate-oblong or elliptic-oblong, acute, strongly rugose in the dried specimen, up to 2.3 cm. long, about 5-6 mm. wide. Inflorescences very short, 1- or 2-flowered, in the axils of the upper leaves. Pedicels long-exserted, terminatform, striate, denticulate leaf-sheaths.
Flowers small but rather large for the plant, campanuSepals similar, oblong-lanceolate ("triangular"), acute or acuminate, dorsally carinate, about 1.2 cm. long. Petals similar to the sepals but somewhat broader, acute. Lip narrowly elliptic-lanceolate from a minutely saccate base, subacute,
ing in a trigonous ovary.
late.
lightly sigmoid
about 2
when seen from the side, about as long as the other floral segments, wide; disc with a pair of short lamellae in the middle. Column nearly as long as the lip, with 3 subequal, round-ovate lobes.
mm.
Cajamarca(?), fide Schlechter, Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 181. 1921.
Colombia
(type).
material of this species was available, but there are records of the type of Nasonia Hartwegii in the Ames Herbarium.
(Reichb. f. & Warsc.) Kranzl. Nasonia ionanthera Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 83), 32. 1923. Reichb. f. & Warsc. Bonpl. 2: 99. 1854; Xen. Orch. 1: 97, t. 38, fig. II, 6-14. 1855. Fernandezia ionanthera Schltr. Fedde Repert. 16: 349.
No
Centropetalum ionantherum
1920.
Plant small, erect to ascending or arcuate. Stems usually simple, rarely someto 20 cm. long, entirely concealed by numerous loose, imbricating, striate leaf-sheaths. Leaves several to numerous, densely or subdensely
what branching, up
distichous, conduplicate, falcate-recurved, semielliptic (rarely) to linear-oblong, acute, caducous, fleshy, 2 cm. or less long, 2-3 mm. thick. Inflorescences very
short, 1-flowered, in the axils of the upper leaves. Pedicels long-exserted, terminating in a trigonous ovary. Flowers medium-sized but large for the plant, red-orange
Dorsal sepal oblong-lanceolate ("triangular"), complicate-acute, dorsally carinate, about 1 cm. or less long and Lateral sepals obliquely lanceolate ("ovate-triangular"), short2.3 mm. wide. acuminate, dorsally carinate, a little longer and broader than the dorsal sepal.
or cinnabar-red, sometimes with a black spot.
Petals oblong-elliptic ("ovate"), acute, slightly shorter than the sepals but nearly twice as wide as the dorsal sepal. Lip much larger than the sepals and petals,
suborbicular-cordate or triangular-cordate, strongly cordate at the base, subacute to broadly obtuse at the apex, about 1.5 cm. or less long and equally wide; disc below with a long, thickened or carinate mid-nerve which terminates in a bilobed callus. Column short and stout, with a large, cucullate, petaloid clinandrium which
is
subentire or obscurely lobulate above.
984
30
Peru: Habitat unrecorded, in high mountains, Warscewicz s,n. (type of Nasonia ionanthera). Cajamarca: Prov. of Chota, pass south of Conchan, 2500 meters, epiphyte on moss-covered branches, Horton 10061. Huanuco: Between Huanuco and PampayStork
&
aco (Pampayacu), Kanehira 327. Pillao, abundant on tree trunks in rain-forest, 2700 meters, Woytkowski 37018. Junin, fide SchlechPiura: Huancabamba, El ter, Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 181. 1921. Tambo, Camino Piura, about 3000 meters, Scolnik 1403.
Centropetalum nigro-signatum Kranzl. Engler, Bot. Jahrb. 37: 388. 1906; Kranzl. Engler, Pflanzenr. IV. 50 (Heft 83), 31. 1923.
Plant small.
cealed
Stems simple, erect or
lightly arcuate,
by
short, transversely rugulose leaf-sheaths.
up to 10 cm. long, conLeaves more or less dense,
late,
distichous, oblong-lanceolate, often conduplicate and recurved, acute and apicu1-1.8 cm. long, up to 5 mm. wide, articulated, strongly rugulose in the dried
plant. Inflorescences very short, 1- or 2-flowered, on the upper portion of the stems. Pedicels slender, long-exserted, terminating in a trigonous ovary. Flowers rather small, scarlet, lip marked with a black spot. Sepals lanceolate, acute, dorsally carinate especially the lateral sepals which are lightly dilated at the base, 8-9 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide. Petals oblong, acute, almost twice as wide as the sepals. Lip
much
in front,
larger than the other segments, apparently suborbicular, minutely bilobed about 10 mm. long and broad; disc without thickened basal nerves but
little
with a very small bilobed callus a

cucullate clinandrium.
above the base.
Column with a very broad
Cajamarca: Prov. of Chota, mountains west of Huambos, 27003000 meters, epiphytic in sclerophyllous vegetation, especially shrubs with scattering small trees, Weberbauer 41 78.
No
barium contains a photograph
was available, of the type.
but the
Ames Her-
GAMPYLOGENTRUM
Benth.
Inconspicuous and widespread epiphytes extending from Florida (U.S.A.) through Mexico, Central America, the West Indies and South America to Brazil and Argentina.
less elongate,
Plants small to medium-sized, non-pseudobulbous. Stems commonly more or more rarely strongly abbreviated or wanting and leafless. Leaves (when present) more or less numerous, distichous, fleshy, lanceolate or oblong to Inflorescences lateral, several- to many-flowered, often oblong-elliptic or oval. very densely flowered. Floral bracts minute, persistent. Flowers very small to minute, campanulate. Sepals and petals free, subequal, broad or narrow, often somewhat spreading above. Lip sessile, simple or 3-lobed, ovate or triangular-
ovate to lanceolate, produced into a more or less elongate spur which is often strongly recurved or arcuate. Column very short, wingless, footless. Anther

terminal, opercular, incumbent, 2-celled.
Pollinia 2, globose, with 2 short,
985
fili-
form
Al. A2.
la.
stipes.
Plants with more or
less elongate, leafy
stems
Ib.
la.
Plants with abbreviated, leafless stems 1 Small plants, with racemes much exceeding the leaves. C. Ulaei var. peruvianum Large plants, with racemes more or less shorter than the leaves.
C. micranthum
Spur Spur
3-lobulate
Ib.
lip definitely C. fasciola (C. Sullivanii, C. loretoense) of the lip twice as long as the sepals; lip nearly or quite simple. C. minutum
of the lip
about equaling or
little
exceeding the sepals;
Campylocentrum
pt. 6: 520,
t.
106,
fig. 1.
fasciola (Lindl.) Cogn. Martius Fl. Bras. 3, 1906. Angraecum fasciola Lindl. Bot. Reg.
26: sub
t.
68. 1840.
Campylocentrum Sullivanii Fawc.

t.
&
Rendle,
31, figs. 1-4. 1910. loretoense Schltr. Fedde Repert. Beih. 9: 118. 1921; Campylocentrum Mansf. Fedde Repert. Beih. 57: t. 131, nr. 514. 1929. Campylocen-
Journ. Bot. 47: 128. 1909; Fl. Jam. 1: 142,
trum Lankesteri Ames, Sched. Orch. 4:

multiflorum Schltr.
57. 1923.
Campylocentrum
Fedde Repert. Beih. 19:
156. 1923.
Plant epiphytic, small or very small, with conspicuous, elongate, fibrous roots Stem abbreviated or none. Leaves wanting. Peduncles caespitose, several to numerous (up to 40), up to 15 cm. long, subdensely many-flowered with distichous (rarely secund) flowers, puberulent. Flowers minute, sessile, with membranaceous, campanulate segments, white, greenish white or pale yellow (rarely brownish white). Sepals and petals 1-nerved (3-nerved according to Cogniaux). Dorsal sepal elliptic-ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, about 1.3-1.8 mm. long and 0.8 mm. wide. Lateral sepals obliquely oblong-ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, apiculate, a little longer and narrower than the dorsal sepal. Petals similar to the dorsal sepal but slightly narrower or wider. Lip prominently spurred; lamina broadly triangular-ovate in outline, lightly 3-lobulate, about 1-1.5 mm. long and equally wide or wider below; lateral lobes semiobovaterounded; mid-lobe triangular and acute, or broadly ovate and obtuse when expanded, distinctly larger than the lateral lobes; spur short, saccate to cylindricclavate, straight to lightly arcuate, about 1.1-2 mm. long, shorter or slightly longer
which are up to 30 cm. long.
than the
lateral sepals.
Column very
short and stout.
Loreto: Near Moyobamba, Filomeno s.n. (type of C. loretoense). Santa Rosa, Yurimaguas, lower Rio Huallaga, 155-210 meters, epiphyte on trunk of "Castafia," Williams 1+936. Near Yurimaguas, Ule 58p. Also British Honduras to Costa Rica (types of C. Lankesteri
British
and C. multiflorum), the West Indies (type of C. Sullivanii), Guiana (type of Angraecum fasciola) Surinam and Brazil.
,
Campylocentrum micranthum (Lindl.) Rolfe, Orch. Rev. 11: 245. 1903; Cogn. Martius Fl. Bras. 3, pt. 6: 506, t. 103, fig. 2. 1906.
986

Lindl. Bot. Reg. 21:
t.
30
Angraecum micranthum
ure 193.
1772. 1835.
Fig-
Plant medium-sized to large, very variable. Stem stout, more or less arcuate fractiflex, up to 52 cm. or more long, entirely concealed by close, tubular, leaf-bearing sheaths which are commonly pierced by long, flexuous, adventitious roots. Leaves numerous, distichous, widely spreading, oblong, oblong-
and sometimes
oval (rarely narrowly oblong), commonly very obliquely bilobed at the acute to rounded apex, shortly cuneate at the sessile base, about 2-11 (rarely 12.5) cm. long, up to 3 cm. wide. Inflorescences lateral, numerous, racemose, more or less shorter than the leaves, densely many-flowered to the base, rarely up to 7 cm.
elliptic to
long.
Flowers small, white or cream-color, more rarely greenish or lilac and rosewith subparallel segments which are recurved above. Dorsal sepal linearoblong, acute or short-acuminate, 3-nerved, up to 6.1 mm. long and 1.7 mm. wide near the base. Lateral sepals similar to the dorsal sepal but slightly longer, abruptly oblique at the base. Petals similar to the dorsal sepal but markedly smaller. Lip lanceolate in outline, lightly recurved, distinctly 3-lobed near the base, tubular-involute, up to 5.8 mm. long, produced below into a distinct spur; lateral lobes relatively small, semiobovate, rounded or dentiform above; mid-lobe much longer, linear-lanceolate, acute or acuminate; spur slightly shorter than the
color,
lip
or subequaling
it,
at the apex.
Column very
strongly arcuate, narrowly cylindric-clavate, broadly rounded short and stout.
Junin: Schunke Hacienda above San
Ramon, 1300-1700
.
meters,
in dense forest, Schunke 52 (flowers poor and abnormal) Vicinity of Iquitos, 100 meters, Klug 10132. San Martin:
Loreto
Juan
Jui,
Alto Rio Huallaga, 400-800 meters, in forest, Klug 431 7. San Roque, 1350-1500 meters, epiphyte on edge of water, Williams 7702. Also Mexico through Central America to Panama, the West Indies and South America (type, perhaps Surinam) to Brazil and Peru.
Campylocentrum minutum
17: 108,
t.,
C. Schweinf.
Am.
Orch. Soc. Bull.
1948.
Figure 194.
Plant very small, epiphytic, stemless, leafless. Roots elongate, fibrous, very slender, climbing along slender branches. Inflorescences fascicled, about 6 or less, short, about 2.3 cm. long including the flowers, subdensely racemose nearly to the
Flowers minute, yellow, membranaceous, 14 or less. Dorsal sepal ovate, acute, about 1 mm. long and 0.5 mm. wide. Lateral sepals similar to the dorsal sepal but slightly longer, obliquely ovate, conspicuously apiculate.
base, puberulent.
Petals ovate-elliptic, acute, slightly smaller than the dorsal sepal. Lip prominently spurred; lamina simple or nearly so, very broadly triangular-ovate, acute, nearly 1 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide when expanded; spur about twice as long as the
sepals, distinctly arcuate, thick-cylindric, about 2 mm. or the apex. Column minute, stout. Ovary glabrous.
more
long,
rounded at
FIG. 193.
florescence; side; about
X X
Campylocentrum micranthum (Lindl.) Rolfe. Plant; X 1. 1, in4. 3, column from 2, lip and column from above; about X 10.
10.
IT
987
988
30
Loreto: Mishuyacu, near Iquitos, 100 meters, climbing along a slender branch of a forest tree, Klug 923.
Campylocentrum Ulaei Cogn.
var.
peruvianum
C. Schweinf.
Bot. Mus. Leafl. Harvard Univ. 16: 19. 1953.

Plant small, slender, epiphytic. Stem slender, about 4.5 cm. long in the type specimen, lightly arcuate, below producing elongate fibrous roots, entirely conLeaves several, distichous, widecealed by loose, conduplicate leaf-sheaths. spreading, small, narrowly lanceolate to narrowly elliptic-oblong, narrowed to a minutely and commonly obliquely bilobed apex, slightly contracted to a sessile
up to 2.1 cm. long and 5 mm. wide. Inflorescences lateral, racemose, much exceeding the leaves, puncturing the middle of the leaf-sheaths, densely manyflowered, up to about 6.5 cm. long, glabrous; peduncle filiform, up to 1.6 cm. long. Flowers very small, with membranaceous, subparallel segments. Dorsal sepal
base,
linear-lanceolate, subacute, 1-nerved, about 2.3 mm. long and 0.8 mm. wide. Lateral sepals subequaling the dorsal sepal, narrowly and obliquely triangularlanceolate, acute or acuminate. Petals triangular-lanceolate, acute or acuminate,
slightly shorter than the sepals. Lip conspicuously spurred; lamina tubular-involute in natural position, ovate-lanceolate in outline when expanded, about 2 mm.
long, deeply 3-lobed below the middle; lateral lobes relatively short, obliquely subquadrate and slightly dilated above, with an obtuse outer tip; mid-lobe much pro-
tuberant, narrowly lanceolate-triangular, long-acuminate; spur relatively large, U-shaped when viewed from the side, slender and cylindric below, laterally flat-
the curve.
tened and dilated above, about 1.3 mm. long from the rounded apex to the base of Column minute. Ovary glabrous.
Junin:
Chanchamayo
Valley, 1800 meters, Schunke 520.
following collections were indeterminable due to lack of the requisite characters:
The
Flower poor. Loreto: On right bank of Rio Santiago, above Pongo de Manseriche, 200 meters, epiphytic on trunk of tall forest tree, in small
Genus uncertain.
colonies, fruit pale green,
Mexia 6165.
flowers.
Genus uncertain.
Junin:
No
Chanchamayo
Genus uncertain, perhaps Masdevallia.
No
flowers.
Junin: Schunke Hacienda, above San Ramon, 1400-1700 meters, Smith 24525. epiphyte in dense forest, perianth yellow, Killip
&
Genus uncertain, perhaps Spiranthes.
Only
floral
remnants.
side,
FIG. 194. Campylocenirum minutum C. Schweinf 1, plant; X 2. 2, flower from natural position; X 16. 3, lip and spur from above; X 16. 4, dorsal sepal; 32. 5, petal; X 32. 6, lateral sepal; X 32.
.
989
990
30
forest, Kittip
Junin: Pichis Trail, Enefias, 1600-1900 meters, terrestrial in dense Smith 25652.
&
Genus uncertain, perhaps Spiranthes. Very immature. Junin: Puerto Bermudez, about 375 meters, epiphyte(?) forest, bracts pink, Killip & Smith 26587.
in
dense
Genus uncertain, perhaps Lycaste. Old fruit. Junin La Merced, about 700 meters, terrestrial fruit green, Killip & Smith 23745.
:
in
wooded
valley,
Genus uncertain.
forest, Killip
Old
fruit.
Junin: Pichis Trail, Enenas, 1600-1900 meters, epiphyte in dense Smith 25724.
&
Genus uncertain, perhaps Erythrodes. Flowers very old. Junin: Pichis Trail, Dos de Mayo, 1700-1900 meters, terrestrial herb 3-4 feet high, in dense forest, Killip & Smith 25810. Genus uncertain, perhaps Lycomormium. Young bud only. Junin: Colonia Perene, about 680 meters, epiphyte in dense forest, Killip & Smith 24946. Genus uncertain, perhaps
Junin:
Scelochilus.
Flower poor.
Chanchamayo Valley, Schunke 570.
Flower resembles Epidendrum ibaguense HBK. Huanuco: Pampayacu, Hacienda at mouth of Rio Chinchao, about 1070 meters, on grassy cliff, Macbride 5018.
Genus uncertain.
Genus uncertain.
Macbride
No
flowers. in rock crevices of

cliff,
Huanuco: Llata, about 2100 meters,
&
Featherstone 2257.
Genus uncertain.
Macbride 3851
Only vegetative parts present. Huanuco: Yanano, about 1800 meters, pendent on high
.
trees,
Genus uncertain, perhaps Stenoptera.

parts.
No flowers; only vegetative
Cuzco: Anta, environs of the town of Huaracondo, 3200 meters, Herrera 3628.

Genus uncertain.
Loreto:
991
No
flowers.
Wooded banks
meters, epiphyte, Kittip
&
of Rio Itaya above Iquitos, about 110 Smith 29292.
Genus uncertain, perhaps Brassia. No flowers present. San Martin: San Roque, 1350-1500 meters, Williams 7346.
Habenaria
Huayaquil.
sp.
Aff.
H. Guentheriana Kranzl.
Flowers too im-
perfect for certainty.
Ex Herb. Ruiz
sp.
&
Pav.
s.n.
Habenaria
Aff.
H.
caldensis Kranzl.
s.n.
Cuzco: Hipayoc, 950 meters, Bues
H. distans Griseb. Raceme in fruit. Ayacucho: Ccarrapa, between Huanta and Rio Apurimac, about
sp.
Habenaria
Aff.
1500 meters, terrestrial in densely forested valley, perianth green, Kittip & Smith 22389.
Vanilla
sp.
No
flowers.
Ayacucho: Rio Apurimac Valley, near Kimpitiriki, 400 meters, vine climbing over high trees in dense forest, Kittip & Smith 23050.
Vanilla
sp.
No
flowers.
Junin: Rio Pinedo, north of La Merced, 700-900 meters, herbaceous vine in dense woods, Kittip Smith 23637.
&
Vanilla
sp.
No
flowers.
Loreto: Iquitos, about 100 meters, vine in woods, Killip 27430.
& Smith
Vanilla
sp.
No
flowers.
Loreto: Lower Rio Huallaga, Santa Rosa, 155-210 meters, in forest, Williams 4893.
Vanilla appendiculata Rolfe aff. Flower not found. Loreto: Mishuyacu, near Iquitos, 100 meters, epiphyte in flowers cream color, called "Bellaco Vainill," Klug 1338. Vanilla bicolor Lindl.
aff.
forest,
Flower poor.
Loreto: Alto Rio Itaya, San Antonio, 145 meters, Williams 3494-
Epistephium Duckei Huber? Flowers
poor.
Cuzco: Prov. of Convention, Potrero, 1300 meters, epiphyte, Vargas 1847.
992

Elleanthus aurantiacus
(Lindl.) Reichb.
f.
30
aff.
No
flowers.
Huanuco: Playapampa, about 2700 meters, on sphagnum slopes, Macbride 4497Elleanthus aurantiacus
(Lindl.) Reichb.
terrestrial in
clumps
f.
aff.
No
.
flowers.
Huanuco: Vilcabamba, Hacienda on Rio Chinchao, about 1800 meters, on clay banks, flowers orange, Macbride 51 71
Elleanthus capitatus (R.
835.
Br.) Reichb.
f.
aff.
No flower seen.
Cuzco: Prov. of Convention, Machu-Picchu, 2400 meters, Vargas
Elleanthus capitatus (R.
Br.) Reichb.
f.
aff.
No flower seen.
Cuzco: Urubamba Basin, 2000-2300 meters, Herrera 2033 in part.
in
Elleanthus casapensis Reichb. f. aff. No flowers. Junin Schunke Hacienda, above San Ramon, 1300-1700 meters, dense forest, Schunke A65.
:
Elleanthus conifer (Reichb.

ing raceme.
f.
&
Warsc.) Reichb.
f.
aff.
Fruit-
Huanuco: Mito, about 2700 meters, patch at grassy summit, edge

of gulch,
Macbride
&
Feather stone 1580.

f.
Elleanthus conifer (Reichb.

ing raceme.
&
Warsc.) Reichb.
f.
aff.
Fruit-
Huanuco: Yanano, about 1700 meters, in patches on steep, sunny, sparsely shrubby, grassy slopes, Macbride 3834Sobralia
sp.
Fruit.
Junin: Pichis Trail, Dos de Mayo, 1700-1900 meters, epiphyte in Smith 25830. dense forest, buds greenish white, pink-tinged, Killip
&
Sobralia
7761.
sp.
Flowers agglutinated.
San Martin: San Roque, 1350-1500 meters, upland, Williams
Sobralia rosea Poepp.
&
Endl.
terrestrial,
Habitat? between Bafios and Rio Verde,
Pachano 231
Gomphichis
sp.?
No
inflorescence.
Peru: Abragillo, (on loose ticket).

Altensteinia
Junin:
sp.
993
Flowers
old.
4700 meters, in Juntay, near Huancayo, about & Smith 22074puna, terrestrial, Kittip
Mount La
Flowers poor. western slope, Huanuco: Mito, about 2700 meters, on grassy Featherstone 1794. Macbride &
Pterichis sp.
ciliate and lip poor. Pterichis triloba (Lindl.) Schltr. aff Petals terrestrial in thickets Junin: Huacapistana, 1800-2400 meters, and open woods, Kittip & Smith 24123.
.
Flowers agglutinated. On the western slopes of the equatorial Andes, Mission Andre 4482. flowers dark violet, about 3000 meters,
Stelis sp.
Habitat uncertain:
Stelis parviflora (Ruiz
&
Pav.) Pers.
Habitat uncertain.
Stelis sp.
Ex Herb. Ruiz
&
Pav.
Flowers poor. and Rio Apunmac, about Ccarrapa, between Huanta Ayacucho: forested valley, perianth greenish 1500 meters, epiphyte in densely white, Kittip & Smith 23217.
Huanta and Rio Apurimac, 2500 Ayacucho: Ccarrapa, between KiUip & Smith 22294meters, epiphyte on wooded hillside,
Stelis sp.
Stelis sp
Plant
sterile or
too advanced for determination.
Flowers rotten.
101
Cuzco: Ccochapampa, "altura de Ccochayoc," Bues s.n.

Stelis sp.
meters,
Lip variable. 5 km. east of Huancavelica: Prov. of Tayacaja, Montepungo, on mossy tree trunks, Surcubamba, 3000 meters, abundant epiphyte to pale greenish white, Stork & flowers varying from blood red
ton 10385.
Stelis sp.
Flowers too old for diagnosis.

in patches in thickets, Macbride 3642.
flowers.
Huanuco: Chaglla,
Stelis sp
No
good
Junin: East epiphyte in dense forest, Ktilip
of Quimiri Bridge, near
La Merced, 800-1300 meters,
&
Smith 23964.
994

Stelis sp.
30
No
good
flowers.
Junin: Huacapistana, 1800-2400 meters, epiphyte in thickets and open woods, perianth yellowish green, Killip & Smith 24497.
Stelis sp.
No
flowers.
Junin: Pichis Trail, Yapas, 1350-1600 meters, epiphyte in dense Smith 25524. forest, Killip
&
Stelis sp.
No
flowers.
Puno: Ollachea, Soukup 476.

Stelis sp. No good flowers. Puno: Ollachea, Soukup 477.
Masdevallia sp. Fruit only. Huanuco: Rio Huallaga Canon, below Rio Santo Domingo, montana, about 1200 meters, Macbride 4263.
Masdevallia
Junin:
sp.
in
No
flowers.
Chanchamayo
Lepanthes sp. Aff. L. blepharistes Reichb. f. Junin: Carpapata, above Huacapistana, 2700-3200 meters, epiphyte at edge of forest, segments pink, Killip Smith 24444.
&
Lepanthes sp. Fruit only, allied to L. monoptera Lindl. Junin: Carpapata, above Huacapistana, 2700-3200 meters, epiphyte at edge of forest, Killip Smith 30696.
&
Pleurothallis sp.
"Hohe von
P. amygdalodora Kranzl. 2400 meters, Bues 1734. Liere,"

Aff.
No
flowers.
Pleurothallis sp. Aff. P. velaticaulis Reichb. f. Buds only. Apurimac: Prov. of Andahuaylas, Pincos, 2700 meters, on clay bank, "rainy green shrubland," Stork & Horton 10664. Pleurothallis sp.
poor.
Aff. P. cordata (Ruiz
& Pav.)
Lindl.
Flowers
Ayacucho: Aina, between Huanta and Rio Apurimac, 750-1000 meters, epiphyte in dense forest, Killip Smith 22778.
&
Pleurothallis sp.
Aff.
P. xanthochlora Reichb.
f.
No flowers.
Ayacucho: Aina, between Huanta and Rio Apurimac, 750-1000 meters, on base of tree in open woods, Killip & Smith 23166.

Pleurothallis
sp.
995
Aff. P. velaticaulis Reichb.
f.
No flowers.
of
Huanta and Rio Apurimac, at base Ayacucho: Aina, between 23167. tree in open woods, Kittip & Smith
Pleurothallis
sp.
Aff.
P. cedralensis Ames.
No
flowers.
Huanta and Rio Apurimac, 750-1000 Ayacucho: Aina, between Killip & Smith 23160. meters, epiphyte in open woods,
Pleurothallis
Gilbert 309.
sp.
Aff. P. serripetala Kranzl.
Flower
passe".
3000 meters, on rocks, Cook Cuzco: Ollantaytambo, about
&
Pleurothallis
sp.
Aff. P. sicaria Lindl.

s.n.
Bues Cuzco: Hda. Ccochayoc, 1000 meters,

Pleurothallis
flowers.
sp.
Aff.
P. cordata (Ruiz
&
Pav.) Lindl.
No
Cuzco: Ccochapampa, Altura de Ccochayoc,
1000 meters, Bues s.n.

f
.
Eeichb. Pleurothallis sp. Aft. P. Reymondii (Karst.)

poor.
Flowers
.
1600 meters, epiphyte, Cuzco: Prov. of Convencion, Sahuayaco,

Fruit.
Vargas 6301.
Pleurothallis sp. Aff. P. macrorhiza between Acanacu and Pillahuata, Cuzco- Prov. of Paucartambo, of "ceja de la montana," eprphyte, 2800 meters in open woods
Lindl.
West
1061).
P. Vargasii C. Schweinf. Buds only. Hda. Potrero, Sapan-Sachayocc, Cuzco- Prov. of Convenci6n, "flowers white," Vargas 2556. 2200 meters forest epiphyte,
Pleiirothallis sp.
Aff.
PleurothalHs
sp.
Aff.
P. frutex Schltr.
No
flowers.
"Ccochapampa," 1000 meters, Cuzco: Alturas de Ccochayoc, Bues s.n.

Pleurothallis
sp.
Aff. P. nigrohirsuta Kranzl.
Hda. Potrero, Sapan-Sachayocc, Cuzco- Prov of Convencion, Vargas forest, flowers pale yellow, 2200 meters epiphyte in dense
2539.
996

Pleurothallis
sp.
30
Aff.
P. genychila Schltr.
Plant imperfect.
Huanuco: Muna, on
Macbride 4323.
Pleurothallis
pocket.
sp.
trail to
Tambo
de Vaca, about 2400 meters,
Aff.
P. Tonduzii Schltr.
Flower loose
in
Huanuco: Between Huanuco and Pampayacu, Kanehira 319.

Pleurothallis sp.
:
No
flowers.
.
Junin Chanchamayo Valley, 1800 meters, Schunke 541

Pleurothallis
sp.
Aff. P. crocodiliceps Reichb.
f.
No flowers.
Junin: Schunke Hacienda, above San Ramon, 1400-1700 meters, epiphyte in dense forest, "perianth greenish yellow," Killip & Smith 24852.
Flower poor. Junin Schunke Hacienda, above San Ramon, 1300-1700 meters, in dense forest, Schunke A71.
Aff. P. muricata Schltr.
:
Pleurothallis sp.
Pleurothallis sp. Aff. P.

forest, Killip
ciliata
Knowl.
& Westc.
Flowers poor.
Junin: Pichis Trail, Yapas, 1350-1600 meters, epiphyte in dense & Smith 25466.
Pleurothallis
sp. (probably).
No
flowers.
Junin: East of Quimiri Bridge, near La Merced, 800-1300 meters, Smith 23963. epiphyte in dense forest, Killip
&
Pleurothallis sp.?
forest, Killip
No
flowers.
Junin: Pichis Trail, Yapas, 1350-1600 meters, epiphyte in dense Smith 25523.
&
Pleurothallis sp.?
:
No
flowers.
Junin Schunke Hacienda, above San Ramon, 1400-1700 meters, epiphyte in dense forest, Killip & Smith 24619.
Pleurothallis
sp.
Aff. P. tridentata Kl.
No
flower.
Junin: Pichis Trail, San Nicolas, about 1100 meters, epiphyte in dense forest, Killip Smith 25977.
&
Pleurothallis sp.
Junin:
Aff.
P. brevis Schltr.
Flowers
passe".
Chanchamayo Valley, 1800 meters, Schunke 1198.

Pleurothallis
sp.
997
Aff.
P. rigidifolia Reichb.
Junin: Schunke Hacienda, above San in dense forest, Schunke A53.
Flower poor. Ramon, 1300-1700 meters,

f.
Material inadequate. Junin: Rio Pinedo, north of La Merced, 700-900 meters, epiphyte, "perianth greenish white, pink- tinged," Kittip & Smith 23636.
sp.
Pleurothallis
Aff.
P. tridentata Kl.
Pleurothallis
:
sp.
Aff.
P. juninensis Schltr.
No
flower.
Junin Schunke Hacienda, above San Ramon, 1400-1700 meters, epiphyte in dense forest, Killip & Smith 24586.
Pleurothallis sp. Aff. P. juninensis Schltr. No flower. Junin: Pichis Trail, Yapas, 1350-1600 meters, epiphyte in dense Smith 25542. forest, "perianth reddish purple," Killip
&
Pleurothallis
perfect.
sp.
Aff.
P. crocodiliceps Reichb.
f.
Flower im-
Junin: Pichis Trail, Dos de Mayo, 1700-1900 meters, epiphyte in dense forest, Killip & Smith 25828.
Pleurothallis
sp.
Buds
only.
Loreto: Puerto Arturo, lower Rio Huallaga, below Yurimaguas, about 135 meters, "perianth rose-red," epiphyte in dense forest, Smith 27890. Killip
&
Pleurothallis sp.?
No
flowers.
Loreto: Alto Rio Itaya, San Antonio, 145 meters, on tree trunk, Williams 3452.
Pleurothallis
sp.
No
flowers.
San Martin: San Roque, 1350-1500 meters, "on trunk of shrub," Williams 7436.
Pleurothallis sp. Mixed collection. San Martin: San Roque, 1350-1500 meters, on
forest,
tree trunk in
Williams 7737.
Octomeria
Junin:
Whole plant imperfect. 1600 meters, Schunke 1722. Chanchamayo Valley,

sp.
Aff. 0. tennis Schltr.
Malaxis sp. Aff. M. Parthonii Morr. Fruit. Huanuco: Cani, 7 miles northeast of Mito, about 2600 meters,
"in deep
humus
of dense stream-wood,"
Macbride 3392.
998

Malaxis
sp.
30
Aff.
M.
termensis (Kranzl.) C. Schweinf.
Fruit.
slope, "in
Huanuco: Mito, about 2700 meters, on northeastern

deep grasses," Macbride
&
Featherstone 1497.
Liparis sp. Aff. L. ramosa Poepp. & Endl. No good flowers. Junin: La Merced, Hacienda Schunke, about 1200 meters, on floor of "montana," Macbride 5643.
Flowers agglutinated. Amazonian slope of the Andes, 3000-3300 meters, Ehle 1927.
Epidendrum Epidendrum
sp.
sp.
Aff.
E. nephroglossum Schltr.
Flower poor.
Apurimac: Prov. of Andahuaylas, west of Pincos, 2600 meters, epiphyte in forest, flower dull waxy yellow, Stork & Horton 10706.
nocturnum Jacq. Flowers wilted. Ayacucho: Aina, between Huanta and Rio Apurimac, 750-1000 meters, terrestrial in open woods, Killip & Smith 23169.
Epidendrum
sp.
Aff. E.
Epidendrum
sp.
No
flowers.
Ayacucho: Ccarrapa, between Huanta and Rio Apurimac, about 1500 meters, epiphyte in densely forested valley, "segments grassgreen," Killip & Smith 23220.
Epidendrum
meters,
sp. No good flowers. Cuzco: Valle de San Miguel, slopes of Machu-Picchu, 2400
Hen era
3188.
sp.
Epidendrum
Aff. E. syringothyrsis Reichb. f ex

.
Hook,
f.
Huancavelica: Prov. of Tayacaja,
Ampurco woods, on
trail
be-
tween Salcabamba and Surcubamba, 2900 meters, epiphyte on mossy trunk, sepals and petals dark red, lip pink to white, Stork & Horton 10427.
Epidendrum
sp.
Aff. E.
Funkii Reichb.
f.
Plant poor.
Epidendrum
(Reichb.
f.
&
Aff. E. Schlimii Reichb. sp. Warsc.) C. Schweinf.
f.
var. gracillimum
Huanuco: Between Huanuco and Pampayacu, Kanehira
26.
Haenkeanum Presl. Small flowers. Huanuco: Between Huanuco and Pampayacu, Kanehira 338.
Epidendrum
sp.
Aff. E.
999
Epidendrum
bride 3636.
sp.
Old flower on
fruit.
Huanuco: Chaglla, about 2700 meters, epiphyte
in patches,
Mac-
Epidendrum
sp.
Old flower on
fruit.
Huanuco: Huacachi, near Muna, about 2000 meters, pendent

epiphyte, Macbride 1+179
.
Epidendrum
(Section
Amphiglottium)
sp.
Flowers only.
steep, grassy, sparsely shrubby, northeastern slope, flower dull brick-red with Feather stone 1481. yellow center, Macbride
Huanuco: Mito, about 2700 meters, on very
&
Epidendrum
sp.
Flowers
passe*.
Huanuco: Vilcabamba, Hacienda on Rio Chinchao, about 1800

meters, epiphyte, Macbride 5013.
Epidendrum
sp.
Aff.
E. inamoenum Kranzl.
Flowers
old.
Huanuco: Yanahuanca, about 3000 meters, on shrubby bank, Macbride & Feather stone 1188.
steep, densely
sp.
Flowers
passe".
Huanuco: Muna, about 2100 meters, epiphyte, Macbride 4044sp.
Fruit.
Huanuco: Muna, about 2100 meters, epiphyte, Macbride 4043sp.
Flowers poor.

sp.
Flowers poor.

polystachyum HBK. Junin: Chanchamayo Valley, Schunke s.n.
Epidendrum
Epidendrum
sp.
Aff. E.
sp.
Aff. E. Schlimii Reichb.
f.
var. gracillimum
(Reichb.
f.
&
Warsc.) C. Schweinf.
No
flowers.
hill-
side, Killip
Junin: Huacapistana, 1800-2400 meters, epiphyte on open Smith 24225.
&
Epidendrum
sp.
E. inamoenum Kranzl.?
Fruit.
Junin: Carpapata, above Huacapistana, 2700-3200 meters, terSmith 24418. restrial at edge of forest, Killip
&
1000

sp.
30
Epidendrum
Fruit.
Junin: Pichis Trail, Yapas, 1350-1600 meters, epiphyte in dense Smith 25585. forest, Killip
&
Epidendrum
sp.
Aff. E.
paniculatum Ruiz
&
Pav.
Fruit.
Junin: Rio Paucartambo Valley, near Perene Bridge, 700 meters, Smith 25338. epiphyte in dense forest, Killip
&
Epidendrum
sp.
Aff.
E. crassilabium Poepp.
&
Endl.
Fruit.
Junin: Huacapistana, 1800-2400 meters, in thickets and open Smith 24157. woods, Killip
&
Epidendrum
sp.
Aff. E. blepharichilum Kranzl.
Fruit.
Junin: Carpapata, above Huacapistana, 2700-3200 meters, terSmith 24495. restrial in forest, Killip
&
Epidendrum
sp.
E. anceps Jacq. (probably).
No
flowers.
Loreto: Puerto Arturo, lower Rio Huallaga below Yurimaguas, about 135 meters, epiphyte in dense forest, "segments greenish Smith 27746. yellow," Killip
&
Epidendrum sp. Flowers are E. fruticulus Schltr. (probably) ; plant apparently a Maxillaria. Puno: Prov. of Sandia, near Limbani, 3200-3450 meters, on very wet, shaded mountain-side in sphagnum, "flowers red and orange-yellow," Metcalf 30540. Epidendrum
sp.
Aff.
E. scabrum Ruiz
&
Pav.
Flower
old.
Puno: Prov. of Sandia, near Limbani, 3200-3450 meters, in dry sphagnum on rocks, in fog belt, "perianth segments green-brown,"
Metcalf 30534-
Epidendrum
sp.
Flower imperfect.
San Martin: San Roque, 1350-1500 meters, Williams 7313.

Scaphyglottis sp. Aff. S. Huebneri Schltr. No flowers. Ayacucho: Rio Apurimac Valley, near Kimpitiriki, 400 meters, epiphyte at edge of dense forest along beach, Killip & Smith 22977.
good flowers. Junin: La Merced, Hacienda Schunke, about 1200 meters, on fallen log, "fls. greenish white," Macbride 5598.
Scaphyglottis
sp.
No

Scaphyglottis
Junin:
sp.
1001
Flower loose
in pocket;
perhaps a mixture.
Herb.
Chanchamayo
Valley, 1500 meters, Schunke s.n.
Chicago Nat. Hist. Mus. 571663.

Flower loose in pocket. Same as last. Junin: Chanchamayo Valley, 1500 meters, Schunke 536.
Scaphyglottis
sp.
Polystachya sp. Fruit. Junin Rio Paucartambo Valley, near Perene Bridge, 700 meters,
:
epiphyte in dense forest, Killip
&
Smith 25361.
Polystachya sp. Buds only. Loreto: Rio Huallaga Canyon, below Rio Santo Domingo, about 1200 meters, "dry woods, fls. green," Macbride 4253.
Galeandra
sp.
No
flowers.
Loreto: Balsapuerto (lower Rio Huallaga basin), 150-350 meters, epiphyte in dense forest, "flowers yellow," Killip & Smith 28402.
Govenia sp. Aff. G. tingens Poepp. & Endl. Fruit. Huanuco: Muna, about 2100 meters, in dry rocky woods, Macbride 4042.
Catasetum
sp. (probably).
Buds
only.
for-
Junin: Colonia Perene, about 680 meters, epiphyte in dense est, "young perianth segments purple," Killip & Smith 24951.
Junin:
Catasetum sp. Raceme of female flowers. Chanchamayo Valley, 1000 meters, Schunke
Catasetum
sp.
1653.
Abnormal growth and
flowers.
"fls.
Loreto: Vicinity of Iquitos, epiphyte in dense forest, nette, with small red-brown spots," Klug 10033.
migno-
Lycaste sp. Fruit. Huanuco: Mito, about 2700 meters, "on soil ledge southwestern slope," Macbride & Feather stone 1480.
of
shrubby
Lycaste sp. (probably). Immature bud only. Junin: East of Quimiri Bridge, near La Merced, 800-1300 meters, epiphyte in dense forest, "perianth green, pink-tinged within, lip and column white," Killip & Smith 23840.
1002

sp. (probably).
30
Batemania
No
good
flowers.
Junin: Colonia Perene, about 680 meters, epiphyte in dense forSmith 24960. est, "perianth greenish white," Killip
&
Zygopetalum
sp.?
Old
fruit.
Junin: Pichis Trail, Enenas, 1700 meters, terrestrial in open Smith 25696. sphagnum swamp, Killip
&
Zygopetalum
(Section Warscewiczella) sp.
Fruit.
Loreto: Balsapuerto (lower Rio Huallaga basin), 150-350 meters, epiphyte in dense forest, Killip & Smith 28624-
Zygopetalum
tree,
(Section Warscewiczella) sp.
Fruit.
of petrified
San Martin: San Roque, 1350-1500 meters, on trunk

Williams 7345.
sp. (probably).
Maxillaria
No
flowers.
Ayacucho: Aina, between Huanta and Rio Apurimac, 750-1000 meters, epiphyte in open woods, "segments light green, column reddotted," Killip & Smith 23158.
Maxillaria sp. Aff. M. xantholeuca Schltr. var. peruviana C. Flowers imperfect.
Schweinf.
Cuzco: Prov. of Convencion, Sahuayaco, 1800 meters, epiphyte,

"flowers yellow," Vargas 6296.
Maxillaria
sp.
No
flowers.
Huanuco: Pampayacu, Hacienda at mouth

about 1070 meters, epiphyte Macbride 5107.
Maxillaria
sp. flowers.
of
Rio Chinchao,
bright yellow,"
in dense
woods,
"fls.
Aff.
M.
purpurea (Spreng.)
Ames &
Correll.
No
good Huanuco: Pozuzo, about 600 meters, epiphyte, Macbride 4579.

Maxillaria
sp.
Aff.
M.
striata Rolfe.
No pseudobulb present.
San Martin: Near Tingo Maria, 625-1100 meters, "flowers pure

yellow with orange lip," Allard 21986.
Scelochilus sp. Flower imperfect.
Aff. S. saccatus (Poepp.
&
Endl.) Reichb.
f.
Cuzco: Prov. of Urubamba, "Huinahuina," 2550 meters, epiphyte, "flower pale yellow," Vargas 4126.

Odontoglossum
sp. (probably).
1003
Flowers
old.
Ayacucho: Ccarrapa, between Huanta and Rio Apurimac, about 1500 meters, epiphyte in densely forested valley, Killip & Smith
22405.
Brassia
sp.
Flower imperfect.
Huanuco: Confluence of Huallaga and Monzon Rivers, near Tingo

Maria, 700 meters, epiphyte on tall tree, "sepals greenish yellow mottled with dark purple, lip yellow mottled with dark purple," Stork & Horton 9499.
Oncidium
sp.
0.
aureum Lindl.?
Old
fruit.
Huanuco: Muiia, about 2100 meters, epiphyte, Macbride 3955.

Lockhartia
sp.
Aff L. hologlossa Schltr.

.
Fruit.
Junin: Huacapistana, about 1800 meters, epiphyte in densely forested valley, Killip & Smith 24296.
Ornithocephalus
bamba," Bues
2.
sp.
No
flowers.
Cuzco: Cochapampa, 1000 meters, "banda derecha del Uru-
Ornithocephalus
Material scanty.
:
sp.
Aff. 0.
pygmaeus Reichb.
f.
& Warm.
Cuzco Valle de Santa Ana, Herrera 3046.
Ornithocephalus
sp.
Immature buds
only.
Junin: Along Rio Perene, near "Hacienda 3," Colonia Perene, about 600 meters, epiphyte in forest, "perianth segments white," Killip & Smith 25179.
Ornithocephalus
sp.
Buds
only.
Junin: Colonia Perene, about 680 meters, epiphyte in dense forest, Smith 25094* Killip
&
Ornithocephalus sp. No flowers. Junin: San Ramon, 900-1300 meters, epiphyte

Killip
in
dry woods,
&
Smith 24759.
sp.
Notylia
Buds
only.
Junin: Along Rio Perene, near "Hacienda 3," Colonia Perene, Smith 251 77. about 600 meters, epiphyte in forest, Killip
&
1004

sp.
30
Notylia graph only.
N. yauaperyensis Barb. Rodr.,
fide
Mansf. Photo-
Loreto: Upper Rio Maranon, at mouth of Rio Santiago, 160 meters, in rain-forest, "flower yellow with a white lip," Tessmann 4309.
Notylia sp. Buds only. San Martin: Tarapoto, 750 meters, epiphyte on shrub, Williams
6148.
Trichoceros
sp.
Aff. T. parviflorus
HBK. No
flowers.
Junin: Huacapistana, 1800-2400 meters, terrestrial in thickets and open woods, "sepals yellow-green mottled with pink, column and lip deep pink marked with yellow," Killip & Smith 24124-
Dichaea
sp.
Aff.
D. muricata (Sw.) Lindl. var. maculata (Poepp.
&
Endl.) C. Schweinf.
No
flowers.
Ayacucho: Aina, between Huanta and Rio Apurimac, 750-1000 meters, epiphyte in open woods, "perianth greenish white, purpledotted," Killip & Smith 22592.
Dichaea
sp.
No
flowers.
Junin: East of Quimiri Bridge, near La Merced, 800-1300 meters, epiphyte in dense forest, "fruit green," Killip & Smith 23828.
Dichaea
sp.
Aff.
D. calyculata Poepp.
&
Endl.
Old
fruit.
Junin: Schunke Hacienda, above San Ramon, 1400-1700 meters, Smith 24861 epiphyte in dense forest, Killip
&
Dichaea
Junin:
sp.
Flower poor.
meters, epi-
La Merced, Hacienda Schunke, about 1200

Old
phyte
in
"montana," Macbride 5766.

sp.
fruit.
Dichaea
Junin: Pichis Trail, San Nicolas, about 1100 meters, epiphyte in dense forest, Killip & Smith 25979, 25980.
D. campanulata C. Schweinf. Junin San Luis de Shuaro, Soukup 2535.

sp.
Dichaea
:
Aff.
Sterile.
Dichaea
sp.
Sterile.
Junin: Pichis Trail, San Nicolas, about 1100 meters, epiphyte in dense forest, "buds white," Killip Smith 25991.
&

Dichaea
sp.
1005
D. campanulata C. Schweinf. Old fruit. Junin: Wooded banks of Rio Pichis, between Puerto Bermudez and Cahuapanas, 340-375 meters, epiphyte, Killip & Smith 26691.
Aff.
Dichaea
sp.
Aff.
D. campanulata C. Schweinf.
Sterile.
Loreto: Lower Rio Huallaga, San meters, Williams 4565.
Ramon, Yurimaguas, 155-210
Dichaea
phyte in
sp.
San Martin: Juan

forest,
Flower poor. Jui, Alto Rio Huallaga, about 400 meters, "flower white and violet," Klug 3796.
Aff.
epi-
Dichaea
sp.

Sterile.
&
Endl.) C. Schweinf.
San Martin: Lamas, near Tarapoto, 840 meters, epiphyte on

shrub, Williams 6402.
Dichaea
sp.
Aff.

Sterile.
&
Endl.) C. Schweinf.
San Martin: San Roque, 1350-1500 meters, epiphyte on

tree,
forest
Williams 7709.
sp.
Pachyphyllum
No
flower seen.
Peru: Habitat not recorded, Mathews 1862.
Pachyphyllum
Cuzco: Bues
s.n.
sp.
Buds
only.
(Herrera 2153).
sp.
Pachyphyllum
Flowers poor.
Cuzco: Prov. of Urubamba, Puyupata-Tuncapata, 3200 meters,

epiphyte, Vargas 2929.
Campylocentrum
sp.
Aff.
C.
micranthum
(Lindl.)
Rolfe.
Flowers poor. Junin: Schunke Hacienda, above San Ramon, 1300-1700 meters, in dense forest, Schunke A 52, A66.
Campylocentrum
sp.
Aff.
C.
micranthum
(Lindl.)
Rolfe.
No
good flowers. San Martin: San Roque, 1350-1500 meters, epiphytic, Williams
7511.
INDEX
Synonyms
face numerals.
in italics;
main
references to
names
of genera
and species
in bold-
Aa92
brevis 102 calceata 94
385, 387
gracile var.
robustum 385
chiogena 94
erosa 96
holochilum 472, 473 tridactylum 385
inaequalis 97 Lechleri 100, 101
Angraecum fasciola 985 maculatum 571

micranthum 986 Anguloa 649
f
Mandonii 98
Matthewsti 100 nubigena 101 paleacea 101 paludosa 102 pumilio 102 Eosei 103 Weberbaueri 103 Weddefo'ana 104 AcacaMt's 653 coerwZea 653
eburnea 649, 650 squalida 602 uniflora 649 virginalis 649, 650 Aspe0re?w'a scirpoidea 364
Barbosella cucullata 330
Acraea triloba 109, 110 Acrom'a phalangifera 325, 326

Adeneleuterophora graminifolia 62 Aganisia 653 coerulea 653, 654 fimbriata 653, 654 graminea 651 ionoptera 652 Altensteinia 92
boliviensis 96,
97
calceata 94
chiogena 94 94 erosa 96 fimbriata 96, 97 inaequalis 97 longispicata 97 Mandonii 98 marginata 98, 100 Matthewsii 100, 101 nubigena 101 paleacea 101 paludosa 102 paludosa 103 pilifera 91, 92 pterostyloides 98 Rosei 103 sceptrum 96 Weberbaueri 103 Weddeliana 104 Amblostoma 384 cernua 385, 387
elliptica
237 rhynchantha 330 Baskervilla 117 assurgens 117 Batemania peruviana 662, 663 Batemannia 662 Colleyi 662, 663 Wolteriana 663 Beloglottis costaricensis 132 Bifrenaria 638 longicornis 638, 639 saftwZosa 638, 639 saxicola 639 Bletia 562 capitata 53, 55 catenulata 562, 564 ensiformis 431, 565 Mandonii 565 nodosa 538 parviflora 566 repanda 566 Rodriguesii 562, 565 sanguinea 562, 564 Sherrattiana 562, 565 uniflora 566 penosa 538 Wageneri 565 Watsoni 562 Bonatea pauciflora 32 Brachionidium 360 serratum 360 Brachystele 128 Lechleri 140 148
longiflora
1007
1008
Brassavola 537 grandi'flora 538 nodosa 538 ovaliformis 538 venosa 538 Brassia 834 arcuigera 835 bicolor 836 bidens 836 caudata 837 eauliformis 837
30
Ulaei var. peruvianum 988 Catasetum 583 barbatum 584
callosum 585
var. carunculatum 584, 585 var. grandiflorum 585
cryptophthalma 840
elegantula 840 Filomenoi 841 Forgetiana 841 hexodonta 846, 847 juninensis 842
Koehlerorum 844 Lanceana var. viridiflora 836 Lawrenceana var. longissima 844
Lewisii 837 longissima 844 maculata 841
peru viana 845 signata 845 thyrsodes 846 villosa 846, 847 Broughtonia grandiflora 700 maculata 714 Buchtienia 127 boliviensis 128 Buesiella 569 pusilla 569 Bulbophyllum 567 incarum 567 meridense 568 Weberbauerianum 568 Burlingtonia Batemanii 771 rubescens 771
Camaridium 668
affine
685
aureum 680
var. giganteum 681
cassapense 712 densifolium 692 exaltatum 695
graminifolium 699 grandiflorum 710

longibracteatum 709, 710 luteo-rubrum 712 ochroleucum 684, 685 purpureum 724, 725 vandiforme 740
Campylocentrum 984
fasciola
985 985
Lankesteri 985
loretoense
carunculatum 584, 585 Charlesworthii 586 chloranthum 588 coniforme 585 cruciatum 590 fuliginosum 586 incur vum 590 microglossum 586 naso var. Charlesworthii 586 planiceps 586, 588 pusillum 588 recurvatum 588 Russellianum 591 saccatum var. incurvum 590 stupendum 590 tenebrosum 591 violascens 591 Cattleya 533 dichotoma 71 epidendroides 533 flavida 533 luteola 533, 534 var. Roezlii 533, 534 Malouana 534 maxima 534, 535 Meyeri 533 rex 535 Schomburgkii 535 sulphur ea 533 superba 535, 536 violacea 535 Centroglossa peruviana 760 Centropetalum 981 distichum 982 Hartwegii 983 ionantherum 983 nigro-signatum 984 Warscewiczii 982 Chaenanthe 766 micrantha 766 Chloraea 36 densipapillosa 36, 37 multilineolata 37 peruviana 38 reticulata 38 Chondrorhyncha 664 fimbriata 665 lojae 665 pusilla 666 Chysis 566 Bruennowiana 566
Cleiates 39
micranthum 985
minutum 986
multiflorum 985
Sullivanii 985
rosea 40 Clinhymenia pallidiflora 941 Coccineorchis 128 corymbosa 131
INDEX
Cochlioda 793, 833 Beyrodtiana 794 densiflora 794 Noezliana 795 rosea 795 sanguinea 833 vulcanica 796 Weberbaueriana 799 Coelogyne triptera 498, 500 Coilostylis obtusifolia 466 Comparettia 780 falcata 781 peruviana 781 saccata 780 Coryanthes 619 alborosea 620 bicalcarata 620 leucocorys 622 macrantha 623 macrocorys 623 maculata 624 var. punctata 624 punctata 624 trifoliata 625 Cranichis 110 calva 111 var. Vargasii 112 ciliata 112 foliosa 115 'Koehleri 115, 116 longipetiolata 113
longiscapa 80, 81 luteola 558, 560 Mandonii 112, 113 multiflora 112, 115
inaequilaterus 139
1009
micrantha 141 minutiflorus 136 moyobambae 136, 138

olivaceus 142
ovalifolium 134, 136
peruvianus 136 plantagineus 136 Rimbachii 145 stictophyllus 136
Cycnoches 592
Cooperi 592 Haagii 593
muscifera 605, 606
peruviana 593
Cymbidium graminoides 965 nodosum 538

ochroleucum 685 proliferum 544
muscosa 115
pilosa 116, 117 pycnantha 115, 116 stachyodes 104, 105 Viereckii 117
Wageneri 116, 117 Crocodeilanthe xiphizusa 290

Cryptarrhena 941
acrensis 941
Kegelii 942 lunata 941, 942

pallidiflora
942
unguiculata 942
Cryptocentrum 757
inaequisepalum 757 minus 760 peruvianum 760 pseudobulbosum 760 Cryptophoranthus 223 Dayanus 223 oblongifolius 224 Cyathoglottis Candida 70
crocea 71 Cyclopogon 128 alpestris 136
densiflorus 136, 138 elatus 136
pusillum 899 subulatum 793 vestitum 724 vexilliferum 380 triolaceum 535, 536 Cypripedium Boissierianum 17 caridnum 18 caudalum 19 Czerwiakowianum 19 grandiflorum 17 Hartwegii 21 Pearcei 18 Cyrtochilum aemulum 907 cocciferum 866 cordatum 866 cryptocopis 869 deltoideum 869, 870 depauperatum 811 diceratum 870 falcipetalum 872 flexuosum 865, 866 gargantua 875 incarum 881 ionopterum 882 Kienastianum 882 Leopoldianum 883 longifolium 819 longipes 820 macranthum 886 megalophium 820 mdanthus 821 rafiwfe'gerwm 889 minaa; 889 myanthum 822 myrianthum 823 mystacinum 823, 824 Pavonii 872 retusum 826 serratum 905 superbiens 907 trilingue 909 910
1010

longifolia
30
undulatum 911, 912 ventilabrum 911 volubile 912, 913 Weberbauerianum 807, 913
xanthodon 914 xanthornis 914 zebrinum 915
Cyrtoglottis 750, 752 gracilipes 752, 753
vt'Mosa 742,
712 744
Didactyle meridensis 568 Dienia calycina 368, 369 Diothonea 380, 447 exasperata 381 gratissima 383
heterothonaea 381
imbricata 387, 388
lloensis
peruviana 753 Cyrtopera longifolia 572 scabrilinguis 634, 635 Woodfordii 572 Cyrtopodium 574 Buchtienii 575 eburneum 650, 651 punctatum 575 Woodfordii 572, 574
383 nutans 383
oppositifolia 387
suavis 384 Dipteranthus peruvianus 938
Dendrobium acuminatum 270

alatum 676 bicolor 682 carnosww 634, 635 grandiflorum 700 hastatum 702 ligulatum 708 longifolium 572, 574 longipetalum 713 macwtottm 714 paniculatum 720 platypetalum 723 plicatum 720 polypetalum 723 proliferum 724 pusillum 327, 328 ramosum 725 ruscifolium 335 squalens 634, 636 tricolor 735 triphyllum 738 undatiflorum 739 undulatum 636 variegatum 740 Diadenium 766 micranthum 766 Dichaea 962 ancoraelabia 963 arbuscula 730 calyculata 963 campanulata 965 graminoides 963, 965 humilis 966 laxa 966 maculata 968 Morrisii 968 muricata yar. maculata 968 panamensis 969 tenuis 970 Dichaeopsis panamensis 969 Dicrypta bicolor 682 densifolia 692
Elleanthus 47 amethystinus 50 aurantiacus 50, 53, 58 aureus 51 bambusaceus 52 Bonplandii 52 bractescens 53 cajamarcae 50, 51 capitatus 53, 55, 56 Carolii 55 casapensis 55 cephalophorus 55 conchochilus 56 conifer 56 discolor 59 ensatus 57 flavescens 58 furfuraceus 58 furfurascens 58
galipanensis 50, 51 gastroglottis 59 Hallii 59
hymenophorus
igneus 60
59, 60, 66
kermesinus 60
Koehleri 61
laxifoliatus 61
62 longibracteatus 63 lupulinus 63 Myrosmatis 64 oliganthus 64 pallidiflavus 50, 51 pallidiflorus 50

linifolius
porphyrocephalus 65 rhodolepis 65 robustus 65, 66 Ruizii 66 Spruceanus 66 strobilifer 57, 67 virgatus 68 Weberbauerianus 56, 57 xanthocomos 68 Encyclia macrostachya 410, 411 nana 555, 558 polystachya 555, 558 Epidendrum 380, 384, 390
INDEX
acuminatum 405, 425
adenoglossum 405 aemulum 442, 443 aggregatum 405 alternans 441, 442 amazonicum 479, 480 ampliracemum 406 anceps 406, 408, 469 anthoceros 425, 426 apaganum 435 aquaticoides 408
var. pusillum 486, 487 ardens 410 armeniacum 410, 411 aromaticum 524 arundinaceum 411 atacazoicum 488, 490 avicula 388, 389 bambusaceum 411 bambusiforme 412 Bangii 507 Baumannianum 456, 457 benignum 479 bifalce 489, 490 biflorum 412 birostratum 412 blepharichilum 413 var. ma jus 415 brachycladium 446, 447 /3 crassipes 446 brachyglossum 415 brachyphylluin 433, 435 breyicaule 415 brevicaule 511, 512 breviracemum 416 Bulkeleyi 460 caespitosum 498, 500 cajamarcae 448 calanthum 457, 458 caloglossum 489, 490 capitellatum 418 capricornu 418 cardiophyllum 510, 511 carnosiflorum 419 catillus 419, 421 caucae 457, 458 caudatum 837 chrysostomum 456, 457 ciliare 421 cinnabarinum 422 cochleatum 442, 443 cochlidium 422 cordatum 424 coriifolium 424 cornutum 405, 425, 426 coronatum 426 corymbosum 426 crassilabium 426, 427 crassipes 446, 447 crassum 427 criniferum 429 cristatum 429, 430
1011
croceum 430
cuzcoense 433, 434
cylindraceum 430 cylindrostachys 431 cyperifolium 431 decipiens 456, 457 densifolium 432 dermatanthum 432
dichotomum 426, 433, 434, 525 difforme 435 discolor 482, 484, 511
elatum 437
ellipticum var. flavum 528, 529
emarginatum 437 Englerianum 488, 490

equitans 437
euspathum 437
exaltatum 439 excisum 440
var. grandiflorum 440
Feddeanum 440
ferrugineum 441 Filomenoi 457 fimbriatum 441
var. rhomboglossum 442 floribundum 488, 490 Forgetianum 442 fragrans 442, 443 fraternum 456, 457 Friderici-Guilielmi 443 frigidum 444 var. stenophyton 444 frons bovis 488, 490 frutex 445 fruticulum 445 fulgens 457, 458 Funkii 446, 447 fuscatum 406, 408 fuscum 454, 455 gastrochilum 447 448 iroudianum ejminiflorum 448 gladiatum 449 glossoceras 449 gnomus 495, 496 Goodspeedianum 480 gracilicaule 450 gracillimum 513 gramineum 450 graminoides 965 grammatoglossum 451 grandiflorum 452 gratiosum 490 var. linearifolium 491 gravidum 485 guttatum 885 haematanthum 452 Haenkeanum 453 Harmsianum 454 Hartwegii 454, 455 Hemiscleria 383 Herreranum 455
1012
30
huacapistanae 443 huanucoense 456, 457 ibaguense 456, 457, 458 var. confluens 457
var. Schomburgkii 458 imatophyllum 458
nephroglossum 481
nocturnum 482, 484

var. latifolium 482 var. minus 484 var. tridens 482
nodosum 538
nutans 484, 507, 508 oliganthum 484 oligophyllum 484
oncidioides var. grayidum 485 oppositifolium 387, 388
inamoenum 459
var.
robustum 460
incisum 460, 530 inconstans 433 integrilabium 442 ionodesme 488, 490 Islhmi 489, 490 Juergensenii 449 juninense 453, 454
laceratum 461 laetum 456, 457 laeve 488, 490 lanipes 461 latilabre 435 latisegmentum 463 laxum 530, 531 Lechleri 463 liguliferum 464 Lima 464, 466 Lindenii 433, 435, 525 lineare 466 lineare 553, 554 lineatum 442, 443 longicolle 484 longicrure 488, 490 longirepens 466 loxense 510, 511 luteolum 533 luteoroseum 466 Macbridei 467 macroceras 488, 490 macrocyphum 467 macrodonax 444 macrogastrium 468 macropodum 468 macrothyrsis 530, 531 maculatum 469 magnicallosum 469 mancum 471 Mathewsii 495, 496 maximum 534 megagastrium 471 melinoacron 425, 426 mesomicron 472 micranthum 472 micro-Cattleya 473 microphyllum 389, 390 microtos 474 var. grandiflorum 431 minutidentatum 474 minutiflorum 476 modestum 476, 478 monzonense 478 moyobambae 426, 479 muricatum 480 nanum 480
orbiculatum 486 Ottonis 486
pachychilum 486, 487 pachygastrium 526 panchrysum 487 panicoides 488 paniculatum 488, 490, 491 (C) cuspidatum 488 var. linearifolium 490 (B) longicrure 488 var. unguiculatum 491 parviflorum 490, 491 parvilabre 491 patulipetalum 491 Pavonianum 425, 426 paytense 457 Penlandii 508, 509 peruvianum 412 Philippii 492 physodes 496 physopus 492 pilosum 492 platyoon 513, 514 pleurobotrys 493 polystachyum 493 Porpax 495, 496
pristes
457
proliferum 544
prostratum 496 pubiflorum 496, 497 pulcherrimum 422 punctatum 576 purum 497 pusillum 899, 901 pygmaeum 498, 500 radicans 456, 457 ramosum 500 raniferum 429, 430 raphidophorum 500 rectopedunculatum 501 reflexilobum 502, 503 refractoides 502, 503 var. humile 503 rhomboglossum 442 rhopalorhachis 383, 384
rigidiflorum 504
rigidum 505
Rondosianum 505 rostrigerum 507 Ruizianum 507
INDEX
rupestre 508, 509 ruscifolium 335 saccharatum 426, 427
volubile 528
1013
Weberbauerianum 528
Woytkowskianum 437
xanthinum 460, 468, xylostachyum 529 xytriophorum 530
yatapuense 530, 531 Epistephium 44 amabile 45 amplexicaule 46 Duckei 46 datum 45, 46 macrophyllum 46 monanthum 47 Epithecia calyculata 963 graminoides 966 humilis 966 laxa 966 Morrisii 968 panamensis 969 Eriopsis 595 biloba 596 colombiana 596 Helenae 597 sceptrum 597, 598 Schomburgkii 596
Sprucei 597 Wercklei 596 Erythrpdes 150 arietina 152
bifalcis
Sanderi 452 sarcostalix 509 saxicola 509 scabrum 510 var. parviflorum 510, 511 Schlechterianum 511
var. longirepens 466 Schlimii 512, 513 var. gracillimum 513
528, 529, 530
Schomburgkii 458 var. confluens 457 sclerocladium 513 Scutella 513, 514 serpens 514 serricardium 527 smaragdinum 514 Smithii 456, 457 soratae 515 sororium 456, 457 spathaceum 508 splendens 458 Spruceanum 482, 484 stenophyton 444 strictiforme 516 strobiliferum 516 subliberum 519 subpatens 479, 480 subreniforme 519
521 subulatum 791, 793 superbum 535 syringaeflorum 488 tarmense 433, 434 tenellum 512, 513 tenuispathum 521 Tessmannii 523 Teuscherianum 469 thrombodes 524 tricarinatum 524 tricrure 524, 525 tridactylum 385, 387
var.
tridens 482,
152
ramosum
clavigera 153
foliosa 153
lobatocalcar 154
major 154
marmorata 156 minor 156

multifoliata 157
mystacina 157 ovata 159

querceticola 159 repens 160 santensis 160 simplex 162 stenocentron 163 valida 163 Eulophia 572 alta 572 longifolia 572 Mackaiana 656, 658 maculata 571 Woodfordti 572 Eulophidium 571 maculatum 571 Euothonaea imbricata 387 oppositifolia 387 Evelyna 47 amethystina 50 aurantiaca 50, 51 aurea 51 Bonplandii 52 bractescens 53
484
triflorum 525 tripterum 498 turialvae 488, 490
unifoliatum 525
utricularioides 768, 770
validum 429, 430 vandifolium 449 variegatum 426, 427

var. crassilabium 426
ventricosum 526 vernixium 526 vesicicaule 527 725 veslitum^ 724, vincentinum 527 vinosum 419, 421 violaceum 535 viride 528
1014
capitata 53
30
casapensis 55 cephalophora 55, 56 conifer a 56, 57 cynarocephala 53 discolor 59, 60 ensata 57

flavescens 58
nigro punctata 617 quinquenervis 614, 615 quinquevulneris 615
furfuracea 58 graminifolia 62 tfaHz'i 59
hymenophora
59, 60
615 Sanderiana 617 scaphephorus 618 Tracyana 618 tricolor 615 Govenia 579, 580 6arfcata 572, 574 tingens 579 utriculata 580
retrorsa
kermesina 60, 61 longibracteata 63 lupulina 63, 64 Myrosmatis 64 oligantha 64 rhodolepis 65 robttsta 65, 66 Ruizii 66 strobilifera 67
Gyrostachys costaricensis 132
Haenkeana 136
Mrto 139
inaequilatera 139
macrostachya 91 ovalifolia 136 peruviana 136 picto 131 vaginata 148
Fernandezia conferta 543 denticulate, 975 disticha 982 graminifolia 545 haemathodes 976 ionanthera 983 iaxa 966 pttZcfcra 982 punctata 678 subbiflora 981 Warscewiczz'f 982
Habenaria 21
abortiens 23 autumnalis 24 avicula var. peruviana 24 caldensis 24 chloroceras 30, 31
corydophora 26
dentifera 26 dilatata 29 dolichosceras 34
fastor 34
floribunda 27
Galeandra 560 Baueri var. piloso-columna 560 juncea 561 pubicentrum 561 Gomphichis 78
goodyeroides 79 Koehleri 79 var. minor 80 longiscapa 80 Macbridei 81 plantaginea 81, 83 plantaginea 83 plantaginifolia 83 viscosa 83 Gongora 612 bufonia 617 var. leucochila 617 615 var. vitellina 615 histrionica 615 Incarum 618 leucochila 615 longipes 614 macrantha 623 maculata 614, 617 var. bufonia 617 var. leucochila 617 var. tricolor 615
Guentheriana 27 hexaptera 27, 32 laxiflora 28 ligulata 28, 32 Lindenii 30 linifolia 29 maculosa 29 maxillaris 33 monorrhiza 29 obtusa 30 Paivaeana 30, 31
parvicalcarata 31 parvidens 31, 32 pauciflora 32 pumiloides 32 repens 33 rupestris 33 Sartor 34 setacea 29 setifera 32 speciosa 29 uncatiloba 34 Hemiscleria 380 nutons 383, 384 Hexadesmia 541 Reedii 550
Hexisea 387 bidentata var. imbricata 387
INDEX
imbricata 387
oppositifolia 387
revoluta 210
rigidifolia
1015
332
Hofmeistera eumicroscopica 923 Hofmeisterella 923 eumicroscopica 923
rubens 333 ruberrima 335

ruscifolia
335
Hormidium pseudopygmaeum 498

tripterum 498 Houlletia 603 odoratissima 604 Sanderi 604
scabrata 336
scabrilinguis 338
secunda 339
semipellucida 293
Smithiana 341
spiralis 215, 344 stenopetala 344
606 Humboldtia 163, 261

vittata
acutiflora 170, 171, 271

affinis
swceosa 335
tentaculata 346 tricarinata 350 tridentata 351
trilineata 351 irttMa 352
271
antennifera 274 arbuscula 274

Arc/w'rfonae
275
aspera 174
asperilinguis 275 owrea 275 bicornis 276 casapensis 279 Cassidis 281 caulescens 282 cauliflora 282 ckamaelepanthes 283 chamensis 283
ciliata
undulata 353 354 xanthochlora 357

velaticaulis
lonopsis 768
utricularioides 768 Isochilus 553
brasiliensis 553, 554 graminifolius 699, 700
285
contorta 180
cordate 180, 287

declivis
efcjfttsa
292
decurrens 292
293 295 diptera 295 dura 297 emarpinata 223 fimbriata 301 flexuosa 302 /ons florum 304 geftda 305 gigantea 306 grandiflora 307 Gro&i/i 309 hemirhoda 309 lanceolate 199, 314 Lindenii 339 macrorhiza 318 Mathewsii 325 misera 320 oblonga 173, 205 oborata 322 parviflora 205 parmfolia 324 picto 309 plantaginea 242 Poeppigii 326 polystachya 206 pruinosa 327 purpurea 207, 209 pusilla 327 restrepicrides 328
dinotherii
grandiflorum 710 linearis 553 linifolium 62 peruvianus 553, 554 prolifer 544 proliferum 544
Kefersteinia 664
Zo/ae
665
Koellensteinia 650
eburnea 650 graminea 651

ionoptera 652 peruviana 650, 651
Kraenzlinella rufescens 320, 321
Laelia 536
moyobambae 536
Weberbaueriana 537
Lanium 388
avicula 388
microphyllum 389 peruvianum 389, 390 Lepanthes 248

alticola
249
cassidea 249
caudatisepala 250 juninensis 250 Koehleri 252 longipedicellata 252
mesochlora 254 minutipetala 255 pubicaulis 255 pumila 258 secunda 358, 360
1016
tracheia 258, 260 trachysepala 260
tricarinata 350

calycina 368
30
Lepanthopsis 358 floripecten 358

Leptorchis crispifolia 374 Leucohyle Warscewiczii 793 Limodorum altum 572, 574
maculatum 571
Lindleyella 638 saxicola 639
Liparis 373
crispifolia
374
carnosa 368 caudata 837 caulescens 371 excavata 369 fastigiata 369 hastUabia 369 liparidioides 370 Parthonii 371 rupestris 371 termensis 372 var. elata 372 ventricosa 373
elata 374
elegantula 376 laticuneata 377 Millet 376 neuroglossa 379
ramosa 377 var. Rusbyi 379

retusa 379
Rusbyi 379 vexillifera 380 Lockhartia 921 amoena 922 costaricensis 922 holpglossa 922 unicornis 922 Lueddemannia 594 triloba 594 Vyvereana 595 Lycaste 639 acuminata 676
barbifrons 641 Barringtoniae var. grandiflora 642 cinnabarina 641
Marsupiaria vandiformis 740 Masdevallia 224 abbreviata 228 aequilpba 232 amabilis 228 angulata 231 aspera 229 atropurpurea 229 aureo-rosea 229 auropurpurea 229 Barlaeana 230, 244 bicolor 230 biflora 230, 232 Bonplandii 231
burfordiensis 231 caloptera 232
cinnamomea 232
civilis
232
coccinea 233
constricta 234 culex 316 cyathogastra 239, 240 Davisii 234
Cobbiana 642 642 Dyeriana 642 Filomenoi 646, 648 fimbriata 642 var. peruviana 643 gigantea 643, 648 grandiflora 700 lanipes 642, 643 lata 644 linguella 645 locusta 645 Sanders var. 645 longisepala 646 macrophylla 646 mesochlaena 642 peruviana 643 plana 646, 648 Reichenbachii 648 Lycomormium 600 elatum 600 squalidum 602
costata
Dayana 223
Forgetiana 236 fulvescens 244 grandiflora 234
Harryana 233
Herzogii 229, 230
hymenantha 236
infracta 236 ionocharis 237
Lindenii 233 longiflora 237
Macradenia 944
tridentata 944
Malaxis 367
maculata 238 melanopus 238 minuta 239 nidifica 239, 240 pandurilabia 240 perpusilla 240 peruviana 242 plantaginea 242 polysticta 243 pulex 316 pumila 243 purpurina 244 rufolutea 232 Schroederiana 244 Simula 240
INDEX
splendida 244 tenuicauda 239, 240 umflora 231
uniflora 245
1017
graminifolia 699 grandiflora 700
grandimentum 702
hastata 702 heteroclita 660, 662, 702, 704
Vargasii 245 Veitchiana 244, 247 venusta 233
huancabambae 704
var. cuzcoensis 704 infausta 705
Weberbaueri 247 xanthodactyla 238 xanthura 229, 230

Maxillaria 627, 668 Abelei 727, 728
acuminata 676 alata 676 alba 685 alticola 676

angustibulbosa 677 arbuscula 678 argyrophylla 678 attenuata 680 aurea 680 var. gigantea 681 Batemanii 682 bicolor 682 brachypetala 682 bractescens 628 brevipedunculata 719 breviscapa 683 brunnea 727 caespitosa 683 calantha 684 Camaridii 684 cassapensis 712 christobalensis 685 ciliata 642 cinnabarina 641, 642 colorata 687 concern 629, 631 cornuta 687 costata 642 crassicaulis 688, 976 crocea 690 cuneiformis 690 cuzcoensis 690 densifolia 692 dichroma 694 disticha 693 divaricata 693 dolichophylla 683 eburnea 700 elegantula 694 elongate, 629 exaltata 695 fallax 693, 694 fasciculata 695 fimbriata 642, 643 Fletcheriana 696 floribunda 696 foveata 629, 631 Fuerstenbergiana 698 funicaulis 699 graminea 651, 652
705 Johniana 705 Klugii 706 Koehleri 706 laevilabris 708 laricina 749, 750 Lehmannii 700 ligulala 708 Lindeniae 708 linearis 709
insignis
longibracteata 709, 710, 712 var. grandiflora 710 var. luteorubra 710
longifolia
712
longipes 712 longipetala 713

loretoensis 713 luteorubra 712
Macleei 738, 739 macrophylla 646, 648 macropoda 714 maculata 714 Mathewsii 716 Matthewsii 699 meridensis 716 multicaulis 717 nanegalensis 717 nardoides 718 nasuta 719 nervosa 693, 694 nubigena 719 nutans 720 ochroleuca 685 ornate 632 pallidiflora 634 paniculata 720 parvibulbosa 720 parviloba 722 pendula 546, 722 platyloba 723 platypetala 723 Poeppigiana 690 polypetala 723 prolifera 724 purpurea 724
var. parviflora 546, 725
ramosa 725
ramosissima 725 ringens 726 rotundilabia 727 rufescens 727, 728 Sanderiana 728
sanguineomaculata 730 saxatilis 730
1018
scabrilinguis 634 serrulata 676
30
Wolterianum 582
Mormolyca 750
peruviana 750
spathulata 731 splendens 731 squalens 634 Stachyobiorum 629, 631 stenobulbon 634 striata 732 supina 634, 635 Tafallae 734
tenuis 735
tricolor
Myanthus barbatus 584 Myoxanthus monophyllus 326 Myrosmodes nubigenum 101, 102
Nanodes discolor 511,

Nasonia 981
Hartwegii 983 ionanthera 983, 984 punctala 983
512
735
trigona 735
triphylla 738 uncata 738, 739 undatiflora 739 undulata 636 unicarinata 739 vandiformis 740 variegata 740 verrucifera 740 vestita 724 villosa 742
Neodryas 797
densiflora 797
latilabia
798
Mandonii 798
reniformis 798
violaceopunctata 744 Warreana 578, 579
Weberbaueri 688, 745 Woytkowskii 745

xantholeuca var. peruviana 746 xanthorhoda 746 xylobiiflora 748 Mesadenella esmeraldae 138
rhodoneura 798 Weberbaueriana 799 Neokoehleria 773 equitans 774 Markgrafii 774 paniculata 775 peruviana 775 Neolehmannia Micro-Cattleya 473, 474 Neottia acaulis 131
orchioides 142
picto 131 speciosa 146 vaginata 148, 149
Mesospinidium densiflorum 794 roseum 795 sanguineum 833, 834

vulcanicum 796 Wattirii 824, 825 Microchilus bifalcis 152 foliosus 153 major 154, 156 minor 156 ovatus 159 querceticola 159 repens 160 Microstylis 367 calycina 368 excawzta 369 fastigiata 369 hastilabia 369 humilis 498, 500 liparidioides 370 Parthonii 371 rupestris 371 termensis 372 centn'cosa 373 Miltonia 847 parya 847 vexillaria 848 Warscewiczii 848 Mormodes 581 revolutum 581, 582 Rolfeanum 582
Notylia 929, 944 Awem 932 boliviensis 930 Buchtienii 931 carnosiflora 931 coffeicola 932 conduplicans 932 Koehleri 934 mirabilis 936 moyobambae 931 parvilabia 936 peruviana 938 rhombilabia 938 Wullschlaegeliana 940 Nyctosma nocturna 482, 484
Octomeria 361
boliviensis 361 var. grandifolia 362
complanata 362 364 erpsilabia scirpoidea 364 semiconnata 365 surinamensis 365 Odontoglossum 799 angustatum 804, 805 anthoxanthum 805 aureo-purpureum 805, 806 bellum 804, 805 bicolor 860, 862 brachypterum 806, 807
INDEX
brevifolium 806, 807
var.
1019
zebrinum 915
Weberbauerianum 807
brevilabium 808 candelabrum 806 cardiochilum 892 chiriquense 806, 807 cimiciferum 865, 866 cirrhosum 808 compactum 805, 806 coronarium 806, 807 var. chiriquense 806 var. miniatum 806 crista-galli 867 cristatum 810 crocatum 810 depauperatum 811 digitatum 811 epidendroides 812 festatum 861 flavescens 814 fractiflexum 814 graminifolium 815 Hallii 815 Harryanum 816, 832 hemichrysum 861 Hennisii 816 Hrubyanum 818 juninense 818 Koehleri 805, 806 lacerum 819 Loesenerianum 804, 805 longifolium 819 longipes 820, 821 megalophium 820 melanthes 821 mentigerum 889 microthyrsus 821 miniatum 806 multistellare 822 myanthum 822 myrianthum 823 mystacinum 810, 823 Noezlianum 795 obscurum 824 praestans 825 pusillum 825 retusum 826 revolutum 828 rigidum 823, 824 ringens 828 roseum 795, 796 subuligerum 829 tetraplasium 804 tigroides 829 trilobum 830 tripudians 832 vexillarium 848 Wallisii 824 Weberbauerianum 807 Weltonii 848 Wyattianum 832
Oncidium 850, 851 acinaceum 858
aemulum 907
altissimum 863, 864
ampliatum 858, 859, 860 armillare 860 aureum 824, 860, 862 (B) stenochilum 861 aurosum 871, 872 Batemanianum 862, 864 Baueri 863, 864 Bernoullianum 858, 860 bidens 836 bolivianum 863, 864 bryolophotum 878, 879
cajamarcae 864 calanthum 864
cardiochilum 892, 893
caudatum 837
chrysopyramis 901, 902 cimiciferum 865 cirrhosum 808 cocciferum 866 convolvulaceum 876 cordatum 866 corynephorum 912, 913 crista-galli 867, 868 cristatum 810 cruciferum 868 cryptocopis 869 cucullatum 891 var. nubigenum 891 Davisii 872, 873 decipiens 867, 868 deltoideum 869, 870 diceratum 870 dichromum 861 discobulbon 871 elegantulum 840 epidendroides 812 excavatum 871, 872 var. Dawsonii 871 falcicorne 898 falciferum 872 falcipetalum 872, 873 var. Pavonii 872 fasciferum 873 festatum 861 flexuosum 865 formosissimum 874 foveatum 860 fuscatum 848 gargantua 875 globuliferum 875, 876 /3 costaricense 876 glossomystax 877 gracillimum 877 guttatum 885 hastiferum 888 hemichrysum 861 heteranthum 878, 879
1020
FIELDIANA: BOTANY,
VOLUME
30
hians 879 hieroglyph! cum 880 hirundo 880 holochrysum 893 incarum 881 inferlobum 907 inops 878, 879 ionodon 872, 873
undulatum 907, 911 ventilabrum 911, 912 villosum 846 volubile 912
Weberbauerianum 807, 913

Weltonii 848 Wercklei 876
xanthodon 914
xanthornis 914 zebrinum 915
ionopterum 882
iridtfolium 867, 899
Kienastianum 882 leopardinum 883 Leopoldianum 883 leucostomum 879 lineoligerum 884 Lucasianum 885 luridum 885 var. guttatum 885 macranthum 886 var. hastiferum 888 Mathieuanum 888 maxilligerum 879 megalophium 820 megalous 878, 879 mentigerum 889 minax 889 nanum 890
Ophrys
113 370 monophyllos 368 paleacea 101 Orchidofunckia pallidiflora 941, 942 Orchidotypus muscoides 978 Orchis monorrhiza 29 setacea 29 Orleanesia 551 peruviana 551 Ornithidium 668 album 685 aureum 680, 681 bicolor 861 bolivianum 681 dichotomum 734, 735 distichum 693 divaricatum 693, 694 dolichophyllum 683, 684 giganteum 681 huancabambae 704 multicaule 111 nubigenum 719, 720 pendulum 722 serrulatum 676 simulans 724, 725 Tafallae 734 vestitum 724, 725 Weberbauerianum 688, 976 Ornithocephalus 924 apiculatus 925 avicula 925 gladiatus 926 var. peruvianus 926 longilabris 926 patentilobus 927 polyodon 927
ciliata 112,
ensifolia
nubigenum 891 obryzatum 891 ochmatochilum 892, 893 onustum 893

ovatilabium 894 Papilio 896 pardo thyrsus 896 patulum 890 pentadactylon 897 peruvianum 845 pictum 898 polyadenium 898 pusillum 899, 900 pyramidale 901, 902 quadricorne 879 retusum 826 retusum 902 revolutum 828 rigidum 823 Sanderae 903 Sanderianum 905, 906 scansor 876 Schillerianum 904 serpens 905 serratum 905, 906 sessile 906 signatum 845 suave (as suavis) 896 superbiens 907, 908 tigratum 908 tipuloides 908 trilingue 882 trilingue 909 tripterygium 910 trulla 910
Pachyphyllum 973 breyiconnatum 974

capitatum 974 denticulatum 975 distichum 975 gracillimum 976 haemathodes 976 lycopodioides 976 muscoides 978 parvifolium 978 Pastii 976 Pastii 979, 980 pectinatum 980
INDEX
serra 980
1021
980 subbiflorum 981 tenue 981

Stuebelii 979,
Plantanthera foliosa 33 Pleurothallis 261
acuminata 270
acutiflora 271
affinis
Paphiopedilum
Boissierianum 17 caricinum 18
271
aZfoda 322
caudatum 19 Czerwiakowianum 19
Hartwegii 21 Pelexia 129
amygdalodora 271
angustilabia 272 angustipetala 272 angustisegmenta 330 antennifera 274 araguensis 339
corymbosa 147
foliosa 153 /wrta 139
laxa 140
asperilinguis 275, 276
arbuscula 274 Archidpnae 274
maculata 141 matucanensis 144 repews 160 saltensis 146 Weberbattenana 149 Peristeria 602 fuscata 602 maculata 603 pendula 603 Petalocentrum 916 angustifolium 921 bicornutum 921 pusillum 921 Phajus Hookerianus 578 Phragmipedium 17 Boissierianum 17 caricinum 18
Hartwegii 21
Phragmopedilum Boissierianum 17
cajarnarcae 17, 18
caricinum 18
Hartwegii 21
Physinga prostrata 496 Physosiphon 222 emarginatus 223 Physurus 150 arietinus 152 153 &t/a(a's 152, claviger 153 foliosus 153 major 154 minor 156 mystacinus 157 ovatus 159 PresZei 154, 156 querceticola 159 repens 160 santensis 160 stenocentron 163 validus 163 Pilumna fragrans 788 Pityphyllum 749 laricinum 749
attenuata 275 aurea 275, 276 bicornis 276 bivalvis 345 bogotensis 325 brachyblephara 287, 288 brevispicata 277 Cajamarcae 277 carinata 277 carnosifolia 279 casapensis 279, 281 Cassidis 281 caudatipetala 281 caulescens 282 cauliflora 282 chamaelepanthes 283 chamensis 283 var. tenuis 284 chanchamayoensis 284 Chuquiribambae 119 ciliaris 285 ciliata 285 var. abbreviata 286 var. elongata 287 citrina 287 var. elliptica 272 coccinea 772, 773 complicata 293, 294 cordata 180, 287, 349 crateriformis 288 Crocodilanthe 290 cucullata 330 cyathiflora 290 declivis 292 decurrens 292 dichotoma 293 diffusa 293, 294, 295 var. grandiflora 294 dilatata 295 dinotherii 295, 296 diptera 295, 296 diuturna 320, 321 divaricans 296 dura 296, 297 echinocarpa 297 ecuadorensis 301 emarginata 223
1022
excisa 298
FIELDIANA: BOTANY,
VOLUME
30
fimbriata 301 fimbrilabia 301 flexuosa 302 floribunda 304 floripecten 358, 360 fons florum 304 frutex 304
var. robusta 305 gelida 305
restrepioides 328 retusiloba 330 rhizomatosa 318
rhynchantha 330 rigidifolia 271, 332

ringens 333 rubens 333 ruberrima 335 rufescens 320 ruscifolia 335 scabrata 336 scabrilinguis 338 Schulzeana 315 Schweinfurthii 338 secunda 339 var. longiracema 340 semipellucida 293, 294 var. grandiflora 294 serripetala 340 simplicilabia 341 Smithiana 341 sororia 320 spathata 342 spathulifolia 342 spiralis 215, 344 stenopetala 344 succosa 335, 336 syringifolia 344 Talpinaria 345 tentaculata 346 tenuifolia 346 var. longisepala 348 tenuis 348 trachychlamys 349 trachysepala 349 trialata 350 tricarinata 350 tricaudata 296 tridentata 351
trilineata 351 trimeroglossa 345, 346
genychila 306 gigantea 306

gracilis
338
graciliscapa 307
graminea 282
grandiflora 307
Grobyi 309 hemirhoda 309

hirsutissima 310 huanucoensis 357, 358 inaequisepala 310 juninensis 312 var. 314 angustifplia var. subaequisepala 314 lanceolata 199, 210, 314 var. gracilis 338 lancilabris var. oxyglossa 315 Lindenii 339 var. gigantea 339 var. longiracema 340 var. pumila 339 linearis 315, 316 longiserpens 316 macroblepharis 316 macrophylla 304 macrorhiza 318, 344 magnipetala 318 Mathewsii 325, 326 misera 320 monstrabilis 237 multicaulis 335, 336 muricata 320, 321 myoxanthus 326 nigro-hirsuta 321 obovata 321 octomeriaeformis 322 oxyglossa 315 pantasmoides 322 parvifolia 322 pedunculata var. peruviana 324 penduliflora 324 phalangifera 325 phyllostachys 326 picta 309 Pittieri 354, 356 plantaginea 242 Poeppigii 326 pruinosa 315, 327 pusilla 327 quadrata 328 remotiflora 302
Trulla 352 tunguraguae 352

umbraticola 353, 354
undulata 353
unilateraUs 358, 360 vaginata 353, 354 Vargasii 295, 354 velaticaulis 354, 356 verruculosa 357 vittata 309 xanthochlora 357, 358 xiphizusa 290 Pogonia 39 monantha 47 Moritzii 40 rosea 40 Vargasii 40 Polycycnis 605 muscifera 605 vittata 606
INDEX
Polystachya 554
altilamellata 555, 556, 558
1023
amazonica 555, 558

boliviensis 554 caracasana 555, 558 cerea 555, 558 ecuadorensis 555, 558 foliosa 555 Huebneri 555, 558 luteola 558 minor 555, 558 nana 555 Poeppigii 555 stenophylla 555, 558 Ponera affinis 542 conferta 543 graminifolia 545 mapiriensis 544, 545 punctulata 548 violacea 550 Ponthieva 118 bicornuta 119 caZoa 111, 112 chuquiribambae 119 diptera 121 inaudita 121, 122 Koehleri 121 lilacina 122 Mandonii 122 microglossa 121, 122 montana 124, 125 multiflora 115 oligpneura 125
similis
Regnellia purpurea 562, 565 Restrepia cucullata 330, 332 ecuadorensis 301
rhynchantha 330, 332 346 vittata 309 Rodriguezia 770 Batemanii 771, 772 var. speciosa 772 bicolor 783 Candida var. Batemannii 771 ensiformis 772 lanceolata 772 secunda 772, 773
tentaculata
Sarcoglottis 129 olivacea 142
Pavonii 144
picta 131 speciosa 131
Satyrium elatum 134, 138

orchioides 142, 144 Scaphyglottis 541 afRnis 542 Antonii 542, 543 conferta 543 cuneata 544, 545 graminifolia 545
Huebneri 545
loretoensis 542, 543 parviflora 546, 725 pendula 546, 722 prolifera 544
125
Sprucei 126 venusta 124

villosa
126
Weberbaueri 127
Porphyrostachys pilifera 91 Fresco ttia 104 barbifrons 107, 108 colorans 104, 105 longipetiolata 104, 105 petiolaris 104, 105 pteristyloides 98, 100 stachyodes 104 tenuis 105 Promenaea graminea 651
Pseuderiopsis Schomburgkii 596 Pseudocentrum 106
bursarium 106
macrostachyum 106
Pterichis 107
propinqua 546 punctulata 548 var. Summersii 548 Reedii 550 Summersii 548 Tafallae 734 violacea 543, 550 Scelochilus 776 brevis 776 latipetalus 778 saccatus 780 Schomburgkia 536 moyobambae 536 Weberbaueriana 537 Selenipedium Boissierianum 17 caricinum 18 caudatum 19 Czerwiakounanum 19
Hartwegii 21 Pearcei 18
Serapias parasitica 368 speciosa 146, 147 Sertifera virgata 68
acuminata 107, 108 barbifrons 108 galeata 107, 108 leucoptera 108 macrpptera 108 seleniglossa 109, 110 silvestris 109 triloba 109 Weberbaueriana 110
Siagonanthus multicaulis 717 Sievekingia 598 peruviana 598 Sigmatostalix 916 amazonica 916
1024
30
aurosanguinea 917 bicallosa 917, 918 bicornuta 921 crescentilabia 918 graminea 920 peruviana 920, 921 pusilla 920, 921 Sobralia 68
alstroemerioides 75, 76 amplexicaulis 46, 69 biflora 69
plantaginea 134, 138

Preslii 134, 136
pumila 145 Rimbachii 145 saltensis 146

speciosa 131 speciosa 146
Candida 70
crocea 71
subumbellata 147 Ulaei 148 vaginata 148 variegata 136, 138 Weberbaueri 149
var. aurantiaca 149 Weberbaueriana 149 Stanhopea 606 anfracta 611, 612 aurata 608 connata 607
dichotoma 71 72, 75 D'Orbignyana 72

,
fimbriata 70, 73 Klotzscheana 73, 74
leucoxantha 74 Mandonii 71, 72 rosea 74, 75 Ruckeri 74 scopulorum 75, 76 sessilis 70 setigera 76 violacea 74, 75, 76 alba 77 Weberbaueriana 77 Solenidium 850 peruvianum 850 Specklinia ciliaris 285 dichotoma 293 flexuosa 302 graminea 920 linearis 315 obovata 321 plantaginea 242 pusilla 327 Spiranthes 128, 129 acaulis 131 alpestris 136, 138 colorata 146, 147 var. maculata 146 corymbosa 131 costaricensis 132 curvicalcarata 134 elata 134, 145 Esmeralda 138 hirta 139 inaequilatera 139 laxa 140 Lechleri 140 macrostachya 91 maculata 141 matucanensis 144, 145 micrantha 141 minutiflora 136 olivacea 142 orchioides 142 pachyrhiza 144, 145 Pavonii 144, 145 peruviana 134, 136 picta 131
convoluta 611
graveolens 607
graveolens 608 Haseloviana 609 inodora 608 Moliana 609 peruviana 611, 612
Randii 610
tricornis 611
Wardii 611, 612, 786

var. venusta 611 xytriophora 612 Stelis 163 acutiflora 170 acutissima 171 affinis 171 alba 171 apiculata 173 apiculata 192 ascendens 173 ascensor 173 aspera 174 attenuata 174 bicallosa 176 breyiracema 176 capillaris 178 capillipes 179, 191 carnosa 368, 369 chachapoyensis 178 concaviflora 179 concinna 179 connata 179 contorta 180 cordata 180, 287 cordibractea 207, 209 cupuligera 180 curvicarina 182 densiflora 182 diffusa 184 discolor 184 dispar 186 disticha 186, 314 dupliciformis 187 elatior 187
INDEX
Endresii 189, 190 eublepharis 190
var. glabriflora 190
102{
thecoglossa 216 triangulisepala 217 tricardium 217

triseta 217 var. pardipes
Filomenoi 191 flacca 191 flexuosa 191

floribunda 173, 192
foliosa 555,
219
truncata 207, 209
558 Gonzaleziana 193 gracilispica 193 grandibracteata 193 Hallii 194 var. minor 194 Herzogii 196 hirta 196
uninervia 219 velutina 220 viridipurpurea 220
Weberbaueri 222
Stellilabium 961
Huancdbambae
207, 209
Huebneri 189, 190 hylophila 196 insignis 192 intermedia 197 in versa 197 juninensis 198 Koehleri 198 lancea 199 lanceolala 199, 314 leucopogon 199, 200 Lindenii 201 Lindleyana 201 var. carnosior 174 lobata 202 macra 202 megistantha 203 melicoides 203 minuta 203 mononeura 204 nephropetala 204 oblonga 205 Ottonis 205 pardipes 219 parviflora 205 phaeantha 207, 209 phaeomelana 205 piestopus 205 polycarpa 206 polystachya 205, 206 punoensis 207 purpurea 207, 215 quinquenervia 209 recur vula 210 revoluta 210 rhizomatosa 210 rhombilabia 211 rhomboglossa 211 santiagoensis 211 scansor 213 serra 213 simacoensis 214 spathulata 214 spiralis 215, 344 stenophylla 215 striolata 215 Tessmannii 216
astroglossum 961 Stenia 664 fimbriata 665 guttata 664 pallida 664 Stenocoryne longicornis 638 Stenoptera 84 acuta 85
ananassocomos 85
cardinalis 91, 92
ciliaris 86 data 85
goodyeroides 79
86 macrostachya 91 montana 88 peruviana 91 pilifera 91

laxiflora
var. parviflora 92
plantaginea 83 viscosa 83, 84 Stenorrhynchus 129, 132
Esmeraldae 138 laxus 140

orchioides 142
saltensis
146
speciosus 146 vaginatus 148
Sturmia
elliptica
380
Sutrina 783
bicolor 783
Symphyglossum 833 sanguineum 833

Synassa 128 corymbosa 147
Talpinaria bivalvis 345, 346 Telipogon 946 astroglossus 961 Benedicti 947 Boissierianus 947 Fritillum 948 gnomus 948 gymnostele 949 Hercules 950 latifolius 950 obovatus 951 Papilio 951 radiatus 952 rhombipe talus 952 semipictus 954
1026
tessellatus 954
30
surinamensis 43
urceolatus 955 Vargasii 955 Warscewiczii 958
Weberbaueriana 44
Vargasiella 367
peruviana 367
Tetragamestus gracilis 544, 545 Trichocentrum 761 albopurpureum 762 brevicalcaratum 762 panduratum 764 pulchrum 764 triquetrum 766 Trichoceros 958 armillatus 959, 960 astroglossus 961 muralis var. platyceros 958 muscifer 959, 960 parviflorus 959, 960
platyceros 958
Warrea 576 Hookeriana 578

speciosa 578, 579 tricolor 578, 579
Warreana 578
Warscewiczella 654, 704
amazonica 655, 656 660 Wullschlaegelia 78 calcarata 78

heteroclita
Xylobium 627
bractescens 628
Tupaipi 960 Trichopilia 787 brevis 788 fragrans 788

var. grata 789
carnosum 635 concavum 629 elatum 628 elongatum 629

Filomenoi 631
789 grata 789

gracilis
foveatum 629
Houtei 634
latilabium 631
latifolium 634
hymenantha 793
juninensis 791
peruviana 791 subulata 791 Trigonidium 754 loretoense 754 obtusum 756 peruvianum 756 tenue 756 Trizeuxis 784 andina 784, 785 falcata 784, 785
Vanilla 42
ornatum 632
pallidiflorum 634 scabrilingue 635 squalens 634, 638
stachyobiorum 631 subintegrum 636 supinum 635 undulatum 636
appendiculata 42 bicolor 42 grandiflora 43 guianensis 43 hamata 42 lutescens 43 odorata 42, 43 pompona 43 Ruiziana 42, 44
Zygopetalon Mackaii 656, 658 Zygopetalum 654, 704 acuminatum 655 amazonicum 655 bolivianum 656, 658 intermedium 656, 658 var. peruvianum 656, 658 Klugii 658 Lindenii 655 Mackayi var. intermedium 656 Prainianum 658 rhombilabium 660, 662, 704
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Fieldiana Botany, V30 - 4 Orchids of Peru

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Fieldiana Botany, V30 - 4 Orchids of Peru

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Photograph by Louis O. Williams

MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 58-105^6

FIELDIANA: BOTANY VOLUME 30, NUMBER 4

CHICAGO NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM

FIELDIANA: BOTANY VOLUME 30, NUMBER 4

CHICAGO NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 58-105^6

PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS TEXT FIGURES

813 817 827

Oncidium ampliatum Oncidium luridum

928 933 935 937 939

Notylia parvilabia Notylia rhombilabia

Dichaea ancoraelabia Dichaea campanulata Dichaea panamensis Dichaea tenuis

Pachyphyllum gracillimum Campylocentrum micranthum Campylocentrum minutum

FIELDIANA: BOTANY, VOLUME

T, fragrans var. grata (T. grata}

SCHWEINFURTH: ORCHIDS OF PERU

taro, Weberbauer 6582.

Rhizome abbreviated. Pseudobulbs

Trichopilia gracilis C. Schweinf.

and column from

SCHWEINFURTH: ORCHIDS OF PERU

Orch. Soc. Bull. 13:

Rhizome apparently abbreviated.

Valley, 1500 meters, Schunke 1299 (type). altitude, Schunke 523.

Trichopilia peruviana Kranzl. Oesterr. Gartenz. 10:

material of this concept was seen.

Flora 48: 278. 1865; Epidendrum subulatum

Trichopilia juninensis C. Schweinf.

X 4 A- 2, dorsal expanded; XI. 6, col-

SCHWEINFURTH: ORCHIDS OF PERU

Cymbidium subulatum Sw.

Leucohyle Warscewiczii Kl.

Panama and Colombia

Small or medium-sized South American epiphytes apparently Peru and Bolivia.

above and retuse to bilobed in

incurved, slender, often auricled above, with 2 stigmatic orifices.

and more or less Anther terminal,

Mid-lobe of the Mid-lobe of the

FIELDIANA: BOTANY, VOLUME

Floral bracts conspicuous, about equaling the pedicellate ovary.

Floral bracts small

and inconspicuous, much shorter than the pedicellate

Schltr. Orchis 13: 5. 1919.

Lindl. Fol. Orch. Cochlioda 1853; Schltr.

Mesospinidium densiflorum Reichb.

Chron. (1872) 393.

SCHWEINFURTH: ORCHIDS OF PERU

elongate, arcuate, biauricu-

late at the apex.

Peru: Habitat unrecorded, Mathews

FIELDIANA: BOTANY, VOLUME

racemose to sometimes paniculate, loosely

Floral bracts ovate

to lanceolate, acute, concave, half as long as the slender pedicellate ovary or

Fedde Repert. Beih.

Cochlioda vulcanica (Reichb.

Benth. & Hook. f. ex Veitch Goos. Diet. Icon. Orch. Coch-

SCHWEINFURTH: ORCHIDS OF PERU

River, Spruce s.n.

Also Ecuador (type).

*^n irovt^ ^ ^^ ^ ^.^