Comparative Analyses of Complete Chloroplast Genomes and Karyotypes of Allotetraploid Iris koreana and Its Putative Diploid Parental Species (Iris Series Chinenses, Iridaceae)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Localization and Number of rDNA Loci in Iris koreana, I. minutoaurea, and I. odaesanensis
2.2. Organization of the Iris Chloroplast Genome
2.3. Repetitive DNA Sequences in Iris Chloroplast Genome
2.4. Comparative Analysis of Iris Chloroplast Genomes
2.5. Selective Pressure in Iris cp Genomes
2.6. Phylogenic Relationships within the Iris Species based on Whole CP Genome Sequences
3. Discussion
3.1. Molecular Cytological Characterization
3.2. Features of Iris Chloroplast Genomes
3.3. Genetic Diversity of the Three Iris Chloroplast Genomes
3.4. Phylogenetic Relationships in the Iridaceae
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Taxon Sampling
4.2. Molecular Cytogenetic Analysis
4.3. Genome Sequencing and Assembly
4.4. Genome Annotation and Comparative Analysis
4.5. Repeat Analysis
4.6. Phylogenetic Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Species (Collection Number) * | (2n) * | 5S and 18S rDNA Loci Number (Localization) | Genome Size (pg/1C) * |
---|---|---|---|
Iris koreana (sck00043) | 50 | 4 (pericentric) and 4 (subterminal) | 7.35 |
I. minutoaurea (JC041913) | 22 | 2 (pericentric) and 2 (subterminal) | 3.71 |
I. odaesanensis (BKC928) | 28 | 2 (pericentric) and 2 (subterminal) | 3.68 |
Characteristics/Species | I. koreana | I. minutoaurea | I. odaesanensis |
---|---|---|---|
Total cp genome size (bp) | 152,259 | 151,342 | 155,163 |
Large single copy (LSC) region (bp) | 82,181 | 81,900 | 83,879 |
Inverted repeat (IR) region (bp) | 25,799 | 25,542 | 26,281 |
Small single copy (SSC) region (bp) | 18,480 | 18,358 | 18,722 |
Total number of genes (unique) | 114 | 114 | 114 |
Protein-coding gene (unique) | 79 | 79 | 79 |
rRNA (unique) | 4 | 4 | 4 |
tRNA (unique) | 31 | 31 | 31 |
GC content in total (%) | 37.8 | 37.8 | 37.8 |
GC content of LSC (%) | 36.0 | 36.0 | 36.0 |
GC content of IR (%) | 43.1 | 43.1 | 43.2 |
GC content of SSC (%) | 31.2 | 31.2 | 31.1 |
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Park, I.; Choi, B.; Weiss-Schneeweiss, H.; So, S.; Myeong, H.-H.; Jang, T.-S. Comparative Analyses of Complete Chloroplast Genomes and Karyotypes of Allotetraploid Iris koreana and Its Putative Diploid Parental Species (Iris Series Chinenses, Iridaceae). Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 10929. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810929
Park I, Choi B, Weiss-Schneeweiss H, So S, Myeong H-H, Jang T-S. Comparative Analyses of Complete Chloroplast Genomes and Karyotypes of Allotetraploid Iris koreana and Its Putative Diploid Parental Species (Iris Series Chinenses, Iridaceae). International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(18):10929. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810929
Chicago/Turabian StylePark, Inkyu, Bokyung Choi, Hanna Weiss-Schneeweiss, Soonku So, Hyeon-Ho Myeong, and Tae-Soo Jang. 2022. "Comparative Analyses of Complete Chloroplast Genomes and Karyotypes of Allotetraploid Iris koreana and Its Putative Diploid Parental Species (Iris Series Chinenses, Iridaceae)" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 18: 10929. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810929