JUNIO 29 DE 2012
CUCBA | UNIVERSIDAD DE GUADALAJARA
ISSN: EN TRÁMITE.
2
Comarostaphylis macvaughii (Diggs) L.M. González
Fotografía de Luz María González Villarreal.
Nota del editor
Editor’s note
Con la intención de llegar a un público más extenso
que hacen uso de las tecnologías actuales, se decidió
publicar la revista ibugana exclusivamente en
formato digital. En México, el Instituto Nacional de
Derechos de Autor, establece que se reinicie la serie con
un ISSN distinto y a partir del “número uno” para la
versión electrónica. Esto no significa que se trate de
otra revista, por ello no será necesario alterar los registros de la versión impresa que de ella se tengan en las
bibliotecas.
With the intention to make it possible for more readers
to have easy access to our publications we have
decided to publish our bulletin ibugana exclusively
in digital format. This does not imply that it is a new
journal and therefore libraries should not designate a
new title for ibugana. However, the Mexican
Instituto Nacional de Derechos de Autor requires
distinct ISSN number beginning with “number one” for
the first electronic volume. Please note this difference
in future citations.
Esta versión electrónica puede consultarse de manera
libre en la dirección: http://ibugana.cucba.udg.mx y
está diseñada para imprimirse en papel tamaño carta
(21.59 × 27.94 cm).
The electronic version is available to anyone in:
http://ibugana.cucba.udg.mx. The page is designed
to print on letter size paper (8.5 × 11 inches).
Serán bienvenidos todos los trabajos en las diferentes
áreas de la botánica para su revisión y posible publicación; la “información para los autores” se encuentra
en la dirección antes citada. Las propuestas deben
dirigirse a: editores.ibugana@gmail.com
We welcome articles regarding any aspects of botany
for review and possible publication. Information for
contributors is available at the address cited above.
Proposals should be sent to:
editores.ibugana@gmail.com
ibugana, Año 2, No. 2, enero-junio de 2012, es una publicación semestral, editada por la Universidad de Guadalajara, a través
del Departamento de Botánica y Zoología, del Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias. En el Predio Las
Agujas, Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, km. 15.5 Carretera Guadalajara-Nogales, C.P. 45101, tel.: (33) 3777-1192,
http://ibugana.cucba.udg.mx, Servando.carvajal1@gmail.com, editor responsable: Servando Carvajal Hernández. Reserva de
Derechos al Uso Exclusivo 04 – 2011 – 111117114800 – 203, ISSN: en trámite, otorgados por el Instituto Nacional del Derecho de
Autor. Responsable de la actualización de este número Angélica María Velázquez Flores del Departamento de Botánica y
Zoología. Fecha de la última modificación 29 de junio de 2012, con un tiraje de un ejemplar.
Las opiniones expresadas por los autores no necesariamente reflejan la postura del editor de la publicación.
Queda estrictamente prohibida la reproducción total o parcial de los contenidos e imágenes de la publicación sin previa autorización de la Universidad de Guadalajara.
Contenido
UNIVERSIDAD DE GUADALAJARA
Rectoría General
Marco Antonio Cortés Guardado
Rector
3 Los tipos nomenclaturales de los géneros y especies
dedicados a Rogers McVaugh (1909–2009)
Servando Carvajal y Luz María González-Villarreal
Citar
Miguel Ángel Navarro Navarro
Vicerrector Ejecutivo
José Alfredo Peña Ramos
Secretario General
Centro Universitario
de Ciencias Biológicas y
Agropecuarias
Salvador Mena Munguía
Rector
Enrique Pimienta Barrios
Secretario Académico
José Rizo Ayala
Secretario Administrativo
Departamento de Botánica y
Zoología
Ramón Rodríguez Macías
Jefe de Departamento
Instituto de Botánica
Jesús Jacqueline Reynoso Dueñas
Director
Servando Carvajal
servando.carvajal1@gmail.com
Editor Jefe
Luz María González Villarreal
encinoclethra@yahoo.com
Coeditora
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2
1
Consejo editorial 2011-2015
E. Bertil Ståhl
Luz María González-Villarreal
Gotland University, Sweden.
Instituto de Botánica, Universidad de
Guadalajara
Paul E. Berry
Universidad de Guadalajara, que
Jalisco, México
tiene el propósito de difundir
University of Michigan
Michigan, E.U.A.
Es una publicación de la
el conocimiento de la botánica,
Rafael Lira Saade
entendida en sentido amplio,
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de
así como los resultados de los
Jorge Pedro Pereira Carauta
México
Museu Nacional, Departamento de
Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala.
Botânica
D.F., México.
trabajos de investigación científica
desarrollados en sus propias y en
otras instituciones.
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Lourdes Rico A.
Servando Carvajal
Royal Botanic Gardens Kew
Instituto de Botánica, Universidad de
Surrey, Inglaterra
e inéditos en español, inglés,
portugués y francés; cada artículo
Guadalajara
Jalisco, México.
Thomas F. Daniel
Jerzy Rzedowski R.
contiene un resumen en español y
Instituto de Ecología del Bajío
en inglés, además del propio de la
Pátzcuaro, Michoacán, México
lengua en que esté escrito. No hay
San Francisco Academy of Sciences
California, E.U.A.
Se publican trabajos originales
límites en el número de páginas
Tom Wendt
ni en la cantidad de fotografías a
The University of Texas at Austin
Dmitry V. Geltman
color.
Texas, E.U.A.
V.L. Komarov Botanical Institute
Russian Academy of Sciences
Saint Peterburg, Russia.
Diseño editorial
Orgánica Editores
Saulo A. Cortés |
José Manuel Sánchez
Enrique Díaz de León 514-2b,
Guadalajara, Jal.
T (33) 3825-8528 |
(33) 3825-8545
www.organicaeditores.mx
2
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2
Los tipos nomenclaturales de los géneros y especies
dedicados a Rogers McVaugh (1909–2009)
SERVANDO CARVAJAL Y LUZ MARÍA GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL
Herbario (IBUG) “Luz María Villarreal de Puga”
Instituto de Botánica, Universidad de Guadalajara.
Correo electrónico:
servando.carvajal1@gmail.com
encinoclethra@yahoo.com
Citar
Resumen
Con el propósito de conocer los taxones que fueron dedicados a Rogers
McVaugh (1909–2009), uno de los
más destacados estudiosos en la historia de la taxonomía de plantas en América, se hizo una revisión de los recursos bibliográficos disponibles tanto de
manera física, como en Internet. Se
encontraron tres géneros (Chamguava
Landrum—Myrtaceae; Macvaughiella R.M. King & H. Rob.—Asteraceae
y Mcvaughia W.R. Anderson—Malpighiaceae), 81 nombres específicos y
dos infraespecíficos. Se proporcionan
datos de las publicaciones originales,
los loci classici, fechas de colecta, datos
del hábitat, colectores, herbarios en
donde están depositados el holótipo e
isótipos y los números con los que están registrados en ellos y confirmados
por nosotros, combinaciones basadas
en los nombres, o los nombres actuales; además, se incluyen algunas referencias útiles en donde se cita al taxón.
Se agregan ligas para acceder a las
imágenes de la mayoría de los ejemplares tipo. Se espera que la información
resulte útil para trabajos futuros sobre sistemática y florística de plantas
vasculares en donde se incluyan estos
nombres.
Abstract
In order to learn the taxa dedicated to
Rogers McVaugh (1909–2009), one of
the outstanding scholars in the history
of American plant taxonomy, we conducted a bibliographic review of available resources, including the Internet,
and found three genera (Chamguava
Landrum—Myrtaceae; Macvaughiella
R.M.King & H.Rob.—Asteraceae and
Mcvaughia W.R.Anderson —Malpighiaceae), 81 specific and two infraspecific names. Data from the original
publications, collection dates, habitat,
collectors, and herbaria of deposition,
including accession numbers, are provided. In some cases, the combination
based on those names or the actual
name is mentioned, as well as useful
references where the taxon has been
cited. Links to access the images of
most of the type specimens are also
given. It is hoped that this information
will be useful for future systematic and
floristic work in which these names
are included.
Keywords: Type specimens, catalog,
Nueva Galicia, Jalisco, Michoacán, Colima, Oaxaca, Nayarit, Western Mexico.
Palabras clave: Ejemplares tipo, catálogo, Nueva Galicia, Jalisco, Michoacán,
Colima, Oaxaca, Nayarit, Occidente de
Mexico.
Introducción
E
l sensible deceso de Rogers McVaugh, acaecido el 24
de septiembre de 2009, causó consternación en la
comunidad científica dedicada a la botánica. Sobre este
suceso aciago se escribieron sendas notas necrológicas
(Sosa 2009; Rzedowski & Calderón 2010). Por Internet también se difundió esta noticia lamentable (HUM
2009; Jihuite 2009), incluso en una de ellas (UNCH
2009), aparte de una semblanza breve, se agregó un
listado completísimo sobre su obra publicada. En esos
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
textos se mencionó todo lo que debía saberse sobre la
vida y obra de tan eminente taxónomo.
Con la idea de elaborar un sistema de las plantas vasculares para la Flora de Jalisco y Áreas Colindantes, así
como la preparación de algunos fascículos para ese proyecto, permitió confeccionar un listado preliminar de
las especies que se localizan en dicho territorio. En ella,
se descubrió que había bastantes taxones que honran su
3
SERVANDO CARVAJAL Y LUZ MARÍA GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL
nombre. Después, nos percatamos de la conveniencia
de incluir no sólo las de nuestra región bajo estudio,
sino también de otras partes de México y América en
general. El conjunto creció de manera insospechada.
Esto, por supuesto, no es de sorprender pues el reconocimiento de su labor es unánime; tanto las especies
como los géneros que se citan en este documento se le
dedicaron, entre otras razones, por sus conocimientos
enciclopédicos sobre la historia de la botánica mexicana, sus colectores —en especial de los siglos XIX y
XX— las expediciones que ellos llevaron a cabo, su sapiencia sobre la flora de México y en particular, la que
medra en la porción occidental de la República Mexicana (McVaugh 1972).
La Flora de Nueva Galicia, como él denominó a la
región que comprende en su totalidad los estados de Jalisco, Aguascalientes, Colima y fragmentos de Nayarit,
Zacatecas, Guanajuato y Michoacán, se convirtió en una
de sus pasiones y, desde 1974 que publicó el tratamiento sistemático de la familia Fagaceae, con seguridad en
su obsesión. Los nueve volúmenes de su obra dados a
la luz hasta la fecha (cuadro 1), muestran de manera
fehaciente su experiencia y sabiduría, su capacidad de
análisis y síntesis.
Cuadro 1. Volúmenes de la Flora Novo-Galiciana publicados.
Año de
Publicación
Volumen
Título
1974
12
Fagaceae
1983
14
Gramineae
1984
12
Compositae
1985
16
Orchidaceae
1987
5
Leguminosae
1989
15
Bromeliaceae to Dioscoreaceae
1992
17
Gymnosperms and Pteridophytes
1993
13
Limnocharitaceae to Typhaceae
2001
3
Ochnaceae to Loasaceae
Objetivos
Reunir en un catálogo los géneros y especies que en vida
y hasta hace poco, se le dedicaron a Rogers McVaugh.
Material y métodos
Aun cuando se hizo una búsqueda cuasi exhaustiva en
todos los recursos bibliográficos disponibles y la revisión de imágenes de muchos herbarios, no es imposible
4
que se cuele alguna omisión; pero debe considerarse
este como un primer intento en el que se espera que
los usuarios y lectores intervengan aportando datos e
información, para tener cada vez una versión más completa y cercana a la definitiva.
Se revisaron la mayoría de las descripciones originales al detalle y casi en todos los casos, se obtuvieron
imágenes de los ejemplares tipo (holótipos o isótipos).
A lo largo del texto, en los acrónimos de los herbarios
donde se encuentran depositados, hay una liga que dirige a la imagen disponible, se agrega además, el número
del código de barras. En el caso particular del nombre
Schaetzellia mexicana Sch., se hizo una investigación
exhaustiva en el Botanischer Garten und Botanisches
Museum en Berlin-Dahlem y no se pudo localizar ningún espécimen que lo respaldara. Como ese, hay otros
casos en los que no se tuvo acceso a los especímenes.
Esto sin embargo, se debe considerar como natural, sobre todo en instituciones donde se mantienen miles de
exsiccatae y no es imposible que se “traspapelen”.
Resultados
Después de un análisis concienzudo de los nombres publicados, se encontró lo siguiente:
Tres géneros inmortalizan el nombre de Rogers
McVaugh: Macvaughiella (Asteraceae-1968), de la que
hoy día se conocen cuatro especies de México y Guatemala. Mcvaughia (Malpighiaceae-1979) con una especie en Brasil; y Chamguava (Myrtaceae-1991) con tres
especies del sudeste de México, Guatemala, Honduras,
Belice y Panamá.
En lo que respecta a la etimología de los géneros se
tiene que R.M. King y H. Robinson (1968: 282), escribieron: “The new name [Macvaughiella] is intended to
honor Dr. Rogers McVaugh of the University of Michigan, who has contributed so greatly to the knowledge of
the Mexican flora.”
En tanto que W.R. Anderson (1979: 157): “This
genus [Mcvaughia] is named for Rogers McVaugh, my
mentor, college, and friend. For 15 years he has been
an unfailing source of information, advice, and inspiration. May his years in ‘retirement’ be as productive as
the last 45 years.”
Landrum (1991: 21), hizo constar: “The name
Chamguava honors, albeit cryptically, the eminent
student of American Myrtaceae, Rogers McVaugh. All
the letters in Chamguava, save two a’s, can be found in
McVaugh.”
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
LOS TIPOS NOMENCLATURALES DE LOS GÉNEROS Y ESPECIES DEDICADOS A ROGERS MCVAUGH (1909–2009)
Cuadro 2. Abreviaturas nombres y períodos de los autores de epítetos relacionados a R.McVaugh.
Abreviatura
Nombre
Período
Abreviatura
Nombre
Período
A.Cerv.
Angélica Cervantes Maldonado
(--)
Lizb.Hern.
Lizbeth Hernández Hernández
(1975--)
A.Delgado
Alfonso Delgado Salinas
(1950--)
Lomelí
Irma Rosalina Lomelí González
(1961--)
Al-Shehbaz
Ihsan Ali Al-Shehbaz
(1939--)
López-Ferr.
Ana Rosa López-Ferrari
(1957--)
B.G.Schub.
Bernice Giduz Schubert
(1913--2000)
Lundell
Cyrus Longworth Lundell
(1907--1994)
B.Holst
Bruce K. Holst
(1986--)
M.C.Johnst.
Marshall Conring Johnston
(1930--)
B.L.Rob.
Benjamin Lincoln Robinson
(1864--1935)
Mathias
Mildred Esther Mathias
(1906--1995)
B.L.Turner
Billie Lee Turner
(1925--)
McPherson
Gordon D. McPherson
(1947--)
Baensch
H. Ulrich Baensch
(--)
Mickel
John Thomas Mickel
(1934--)
Barneby
Rupert Charles Barneby
(1911--2000)
Moldenke
Harold Norman Moldenke
(1909--1996)
Bedolla
Brenda Y. Bedolla-García
(--)
Molseed
Elwood Wendell Molseed
(1938--1967)
Beitel
Joseph M. Beitel
(1952--1991)
N.Robson
Norman Keith Bonner Robson
(1928--)
Bornst.
Allan Jay Bornstein
(1956--)
O’Kane
Steve Lawrence O’Kane
(1956--)
C.M.Rogers
Claude Marvin Rogers
(1919--)
R.González
Jorge Roberto González Tamayo
(1945--)
Calderón
Graciela Calderón de Rzedowski
(1931--)
R.M.King
Robert Merrill King
(1930--2007)
Calzada
Juan Ismael Calzada
(--)
Read
Robert William Read
(1931--2003)
Carvajal
Servando Carvajal
(1955--)
Reznicek
Anton Albert Reznicek
(1950--)
Constance
Lincoln Constance
(1909--2001)
Rodr.-Arév.
Isela Rodríguez-Arévalo
(--)
Cruden
Robert William Cruden
(1936--)
Rollins
Reed Clark Rollins
(1911--1998)
D.J.Crawford
Daniel J. Crawford
(1942--)
Rudd
Velva Elaine Rudd
(1910--1999)
(1926--)
D.R.Hunt
David Richard Hunt
(1938--)
Rzed.
Jerzy Rzedowski
Dehgan
Bijan Dehgan
(--)
S.B.Jones
Samuel Boscom Jones
(1933--)
Diggs
George M. Diggs
(1952--)
S.Corzo
Steven Corzo
(--)
E.Ramirez
M. Elizabeth del Carmen Ramírez
Medina
(1971--)
Sherff
Earl Edward Sherff
(1886--1966)
Espejo
Mario Adolfo Espejo Serna
(1951--)
Flores Olv.
Hilda Flores Olvera
(1953--)
Fryxell
Paul Arnold Fryxell
(1927--2011)
G.L.Nesom
Guy L. Nesom
(1945--)
G.L.Webster
Grady Linder Webster
(1927--2005)
G.P.Lewis
Gwilym Peter Lewis
(1952--)
Grashoff
Jerold Lee Grashoff
(1945--1976)
H.Rob.
Harold Ernest Robinson
(1932--)
Holub
Josef Ludwig Holub
(1930--)
J.L.Contr.
José Luis Regino Contreras Jiménez
(1952--)
J.M.MacDougal
John Mochrie MacDougal
(1954--)
J.R.Wells
James Ray Wells
(1942--)
J.S.Mill.
James Spencer Miller
(1953--)
Kuijt
Job Kuijt
(1930--)
L.A.Johnst.
Laverne Albert Johnston
(1930--)
L.B.Sm.
Lyman Bradford Smith
(1904--1997)
L.H.Bailey
Liberty Hyde Bailey
(1858--1954)
L.M.González
Luz María González Villarreal
(1954--)
Landrum
Leslie Roger Landrum
(1946--)
Lara Cabrera
Sabina I. Lara Cabrera
(--)
Lira
Rafael Lira Saade
(1955--)
Silba
John Silba
(1961--)
Sohns
Ernest Reeves Sohns
(1917--)
Sojak
Jiří Soják
(1936--)
Soto Arenas
Miguel Ángel Soto Arenas
(1963--2009)
Spellenb.
Richard William Spellenberg
(1940--)
Steyerm.
Julian Alfred Steyermark
(1909--1988)
T.F.Daniel
Thomas Franklin Daniel
(1954--)
T.J.Ayers
Tina J. Ayers
(1957--)
T.Lasser
Tobías Lasser
(1911--2006)
T.Wendt
Thomas Leighton Wendt
(1950--)
Terrel
Edward Everett Terrell
(1923--2011)
Todzia
Carol Ann Todzia
(1956--)
V.W.Steinm.
Victor W. Steinmann
(1960--)
W.D.Stevens
Warren Douglas Stevens
(1944--)
W.J.Kress
Walter John Emil Kress
(1951--)
W.R.Anderson
William Russell Anderson
(1942--)
Waterf.
Umaldy Theodore Waterfall
(1910--1971)
Wilbur
Robert Lynch Wilbur
(1925--)
Woodson
Robert Everard Woodson
(1904--1963)
Wurdack
John Julius Wurdack
(1921--1998)
Yunk.
Truman George Yuncker
(1891--1964)
Zamudio
Sergio Zamudio Ruíz
(1953--)
Fuente: International Plant Name Index (IPNI on line 2012).
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
5
SERVANDO CARVAJAL Y LUZ MARÍA GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL
En el cuadro 2 se consignan las abreviaturas y nombres completos de 89 científicos de distintos países,
que describieron los géneros y especies en honor a R.
McVaugh.
Mientras que en el cuadro 3, se hace una relación de
los 84 taxones con variantes de su apellido y nombre.
Cuadro 3. Variantes del apellido y el nombre usados como epítetos.
Estado
Número de especies
Jalisco
40
Michoacán
7
Colima
6
Oaxaca
6
Nayarit
4
Durango
3
Variante
Número de especies
Aguascalientes
2
mcvaughii
47
Estado de México
2
macvaughii
24
Querétaro
2
mcvaughiana
4
Chiapas
2
macvaughiana
4
Chihuahua
1
mcvaughei
1
Coahuila
1
macvaughiae
1
Guerrero
1
macvaughianus
1
Morelos
1
rogmacvaughii
1
De las colecciones que se utilizaron como tipo,
poco más de la mitad (42) fueron hechas por el propio
McVaugh. Conviene aclarar que en 1959, en compañía
de W.N. Koelz hicieron, entre otras, dos exsiccatae con
una numeración propia que resultaron nuevas para la
ciencia: Coriopsis mcvaughii D.J.Crawford de Aguascalientes y Decachaeta scabrella (B.L.Rob.) R.M.King &
H.Rob. var. macvaughii R.M.King & H.Rob., de Nayarit.
Por otro lado, existen dos colecciones de Jerzy Rzedowski con Rogers McVaugh de 1971 también con numeración propia. Una de ellas (Rzedowski & McVaugh
405), erróneamente citada como “409” en la descripción original, se trata de Arracacia macvaughii Mathias
& Constance, de Querétaro; la otra, procedente de Michoacán (Rzedowski & McVaugh 560) fue descrita como
Polygala mcvaughii T.Went.
La mayoría de los ejemplares fueron colectados en
el período comprendido de 1949 a 1975 por diversos
exploradores y provienen del área de Nueva Galicia y
en particular de Jalisco (40). Destacan los exsiccatae
de los municipios de La Huerta y Cabo Corrientes, el
Nevado de Colima, Cerro de Tequila, Huejuquilla y las
sierras de San Miguel, Tapalpa, El Tigre, El Halo y La
Campana, aunque con un número significativo de la
Sierra de Manantlán (5) y Talpa de Allende (3). El resto
tiene su origen en otros estados (Colima 6, Michoacán
6, Nayarit 4 y Aguascalientes 2). Tan sólo once que se
describieron como especies nuevas fueron colectadas
en 1965. De varias partes de la república se describie-
6
Cuadro 4. Número de especies descritas por estado.
ron otras colectadas en los estados de Chihuahua, Durango, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Chiapas, Coahuila, Querétaro,
Estado de México y Morelos (cuadro 4).
De 1945 y 1947 se tienen, además, dos especies que
se describieron para la Flora de Texas, U.S.A., Rubus
Cuadro 5. Familias que sobresalen por el número de especies
dedicadas.
Familia
Número de taxones
Asteraceae
13
Euphorbiaceae
6
Acanthaceae
5
Fabaceae
4
Apiaceae
3
Malpighiaceae
3
Orchidaceae
3
38 familias
47
Total = 45
83
macvaughii L.H.Bailey y Lesquerella mcvaughiana Rollins, colectadas por McVaugh.
De Venezuela proceden dos especies de Myrtaceae
descritas por Julian E. Steyermark y Tobias Lasser (Eugenia mcvaughii) y Bruce K. Holst (Marlierea mcvaughii);
mientras que de Panamá, Robert Lynch Wilbur dio a la
luz Burmeistera mcvaughii (Campanulaceae).
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
LOS TIPOS NOMENCLATURALES DE LOS GÉNEROS Y ESPECIES DEDICADOS A ROGERS MCVAUGH (1909–2009)
Cuadro 6. Distribución de los tipos nomenclaturales en herbarios del
mundo.
País
Número de Holótipos
Estados Unidos
27
México
15
Brasil
5
Reino Unido
3
Holanda
2
Alemania
1
Austria
1
Bélgica
1
Francia
1
Rusia
1
Suiza
1
Venezuela
1
En el cuadro 5 se muestra un resumen de las familias y su número de especies; en tanto que en el cuadro
6, se consigna la distribución de los tipos nomenclaturales en herbarios del mundo.
Todos los nombres se dieron a conocer de manera
válida en publicaciones de prestigio reconocido. Una
relación de ellas se presenta en cuadro 7.
Cuadro 7. Relación de revistas en que se publicaron especies para Rogers McVaugh.
Revista
Número de
artículos
Brittonia
16
Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club
1
Phytologia
11
1
Contributions from the University of Michigan
Herbarium
12
Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of
Harvard University
Flora Neotropica Monographs
1
Acta Botánica Mexicana
6
ibugana
1
Systematic Botany
6
Icon. Orchd.
1
Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden
3
Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences
1
Flora Novo-Galiciana
3
Kew Bulletin
1
Journal of the Arnold Arboretum
2
Lundellia
1
Gentes Herbarum
2
Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden
1
Madroño
2
Opera Botanica
1
Novon
2
1
Taxon
2
Proceedings of the California Academy of
Sciences, series
Wrightia
2
Rhodora
1
Selbyana
1
Sida
1
American Journal of Botany
1
Boletín Instituto de Botánica de la Universidad de
Guadalajara
1
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society
1
Revista
Número de
artículos
Systematics and Biodiversity
1
Systematic Botany Monographs
1
Los ejemplares tipo están depositados para su
consulta en herbarios que dependen de instituciones
educativas o de investigación. En el cuadro 8 se dan a
conocer las abreviaturas, nombres completos de las instituciones, las ciudades, el estado y los países en donde
se localizan.
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
7
SERVANDO CARVAJAL Y LUZ MARÍA GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL
Cuadro 8. Listado de herbarios y sus instituciones.
Siglas
Instituciones
A
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
AMO
Herbario AMO, México, Distrito Federal, México
ASU
Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, U.S.A.
B
Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
BH
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, U.S.A.
BM
The Natural History Museum, London, England, U.K.
BR
National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Domein van Bouchout, Belgium
CAS
California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U.S.A.
CHAPA
Colegio de Postgraduados, Chapingo, México
CREG
Instituto Tecnológico Agropecuario de Jalisco, Tlajomulco de Zúñiga, Jalisco, México. Jalisco
DAV
University of California, Davis, California, U.S.A.
DPU
DePauw University, Greencastle, Indiana, U.S.A.
DUKE
Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, U.S.A.
E
Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, Scotland, U.K.
ENCB
Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, Distrito Federal, México
F
Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.
FCME
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Distrito Federal, México
G
Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève, Genève, Switzerland.
GA
University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, U.S.A.
GH
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
IBUG
Universidad de Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco, México.
ICF
INIFAP, Coyoacán, México, Distrito Federal, México. Mismo que INIF
IEB
Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Pátzcuaro, Michoacán, México.
INIF
INIFAP, Coyoacán, México, Distrito Federal, México
INPA
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
IZTA
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Iztacala, México, México.
K
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, England, U.K.
L
Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch, Leiden, Netherlands.
LE
V. L. Komarov Botanical Institute, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
LL
Lundell Herbarium, University of Texas, Austin, U.S.A.
MBM
Museu Botânico Municipal, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
MEXU
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Distrito Federal, México.
MICH
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A.
MO
Missouri Botanical Garden, Saint Louis, Missouri, U.S.A.
MSC
Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, U.S.A.
NMC
New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, U.S.A.
NY
New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York, U.S.A.
P
Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.
PH
Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
POM
Pomona College, Claremont, California, U.S.A.
RB
Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
RSA
Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, California, U.S.A.
SEL
Marie Selby Botanical Gardens, Sarasota, Florida, U.S.A.
Fuente: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (Thiers 2012).
8
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
LOS TIPOS NOMENCLATURALES DE LOS GÉNEROS Y ESPECIES DEDICADOS A ROGERS MCVAUGH (1909–2009)
Cuadro 8. Listado de herbarios y sus instituciones (continuación).
Siglas
Instituciones
SP
Instituto de Botânica, São Paulo, Brazil.
TEX
University of Texas, Austin, Texas, U.S.A.
U
National Herbarium of the Netherlands, Herbarium Utrecht, Leiden, Netherlands.
UAMIZ
Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, México, Distrito Federal, México
UB
Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.
UC
University of California, Berkeley, California, U.S.A.
UCR
University of California, Botany and Plant Sciences, Riverside, California, U.S.A.
US
Smithsonian Institution, Washington, District of Columbia, U.S.A.
VEN
Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela Dr. Tobías Lasser, Caracas, Venezuela.
VT
Pringle Herbarium, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, U.S.A.
W
Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Wien, Austria.
WIS
University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A.
WTU
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A.
XAL
Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz, México.
ZEA
Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de la Costa Sur, Autlán de Navarro, Jalisco, México.
Fuente: http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/ (Thiers 2012).
En el cuadro 9 se resumen el número de ejemplares tipo depositados en los herbarios cuyo acrónimo se
puede consultar en el cuadro 8.
Cuadro 9. Número de tipos depositados en los herbarios.
Herbario
Cantidad de
ejemplares
Herbario
Cantidad de
ejemplares
Herbario
Cantidad de
ejemplares
MICH
68
U
3
INPA
1
NY
31
WIS
3
IZTA
1
US
27
BH
2
L
1
MEXU
25
NMC
2
LE
1
MO
19
PH
2
MBM
1
CAS
15
VEN
2
MSC
1
ENCB
14
XAL
2
POM
1
LL
15
A
1
RB
1
TEX
15
AMO
1
RSA
1
GH
13
B
1 (destruido?)
SEL
1
IEB
13
BM
1
SP
1
K
10
BR
1
UAMIZ
1
F
9
CHAPA
1
UB
1
IBUG
8
CREG
1
UCR
1
UC
7
DPU
1
VT
1
DAV
4
E
1
W
1
ASU
3
FCME
1
WTU
1
DUKE
3
GA
1
ZEA
1
G
3
ICF
1
P
3
INIF
1
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
9
SERVANDO CARVAJAL Y LUZ MARÍA GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL
Cuadro 10. Combinaciones propuestas y sus básonimos.
Basónimo
Combinación
Pinus macvaughii Carvajal
Pinus oocarpa var. macvaughii (Carvajal) Silba
Comarostaphylis discolor subsp. macvaughii Diggs
Comarostaphylis macvaughii (Diggs)L.M.González
Ardisia mcvaughii Lundell
Gentlea mcvaughii (Lundell) Lundell
Lesquerella mcvaughiana Rollins
Physaria mcvaughiana (Rollins) O’Kane & Al-Shehbaz
Euphorbia mcvaughiana M.C.Johnst.
Tithymalus mcvaughianus (M.C.Johnst.) Sojak
Lobelia mcvaughii T.J.Ayers
Calcaratolobelia mcvaughii (T.J.Ayers)Wilbur
Polymnia mcvaughii J.R.Wells
Smallanthus mcvaughii (J.R.Wells)H.Rob.
Matelea macvaughiana W.D.Stevens
Dictyanthus macvaughianus (W.D.Stevens)W.D.Stevens
Cuscuta macvaughii Yunck.
Grammica macvaughii (Yunck.)Holub
Aechmea mcvaughii L.B.Sm.
Podaechmea macvaughii (L.B.Sm.)L.B.Sm. & W.J.Kress
Cuadro 11. Cambios del epíteto.
Nombre dedicado
Nombre aceptado
Elaphoglossum mcvaughii Mickel
Elaphoglossum inaequalifolium (Jenman) C.Chr.
Pinus macvaughii Carvajal
Pinus jaliscana Pérez de la Rosa
Ardisia mcvaughii Lundell
Gentlea micranthera (Donn.Sm.) Lundell
Bidens mcvaughii Sherff
Bidens chiapensis Brandegee
Physalis mcvaughii Waterf.
Physalis coztomatl Mociño & Sessé ex Dunal
Nemastylis mcvaughii Molseed & Cruden
Nemastylis convoluta Ravenna
Aechmea mcvaughii L.B.Sm.
Ursulaea macvaughii (L.B.Sm.) Read & Baensch
En el cuadro 10, se presentan las combinaciones que
se han propuesto con base en las especies dedicadas a
R. McVaugh.
A la fecha, algunos nombres publicados han sido sujetos de estudios detallados y han quedado reducidos a
sinónimos, tal es el caso de los que se presentan en el
cuadro 11.
El artículo 60 del Código Viena (ICBN 2006), en su
sección 1 trata sobre la ortografía de los nombres. La
recomendación 60C.5. dice a la letra: “In forming new
epithets based on personal names prefixes and particles should be treated as follows: a) The Scottish patronymic prefix «Mac», «Mc», or «M’», meaning «son
of», should be spelled «mac» and united with the rest
of the name (e.g. macfadyenii after Macfadyen, macgillivrayi after MacGillivray, macnabii after McNab,
macvaughii after McVaugh [el agregado y las negritas
son nuestras], mackenii after M’Ken).”
En una conversación sostenida entre Rogers
McVaugh y Alfonso Delgado (comunicada a L.M. González en 2011), Delgado preguntó a McVaugh sobre su
10
opinión con respecto a dicho artículo que de alguna manera afectaba a su apellido: “...En lo personal —dijo—,
a mí me gustaría que no se modificara y se conservara
como ‘mc’...”.
Hay una nota de J.M. MacDougal en Trópicos
(Missouri Bot. Gard. <http://www.tropicos.org/
Name/24201049>), que dice: “Code calls for «mac...»
but purposely publ. as «mc...» – jmm 2002.”
En el catálogo se anotan los nombres científicos tal
y como fueron publicados por los diversos autores y,
por tanto, no se sigue la recomendación del ICBN.
Ellos están comprendidos en 79 géneros de 45 familias en cuatro clases: Polypodiopsida, Pinopsida, Magnoliopsida y Liliopsida. Setenta y nueve autores nominaron especies de manera directa, mientras que diez
guardan alguna relación con esos nombres por haber
propuesto, por ejemplo, alguna combinación en ellos.
En el catálogo, se presentan los taxones de acuerdo
con las propuestas de Smith et al. (2006) y Christenhusz et al. (2011a), para el caso de las Pteridófitas;
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
LOS TIPOS NOMENCLATURALES DE LOS GÉNEROS Y ESPECIES DEDICADOS A ROGERS MCVAUGH (1909–2009)
el de Christenhusz et al. (2011b), para coníferas; y,
el de Takhtajan (2009), para las Magnoliófitas. Una
sinopsis del arreglo se presenta a continuación:
Pteridaceae
Adiantum mcvaughii
Lomariopsidaceae
Elaphoglossum mcvaughii
Pinaceae
Pinus macvaughii
Piperaceae
Piper mcvaughii
Fagaceae
Quercus mcvaughii
Hypericaceae
Hypericum macvaughii
Ericaceae
Comarostaphylis discolor subsp. macvaughii
Myrsinaceae
Ardisia mcvaughii
Passifloraceae
Passiflora mcvaughiana
Cucurbitaceae
Sicyos mcvaughii
Brassicaceae
Lesquerella mcvaughiana
Pennellia mcvaughii
Malvaceae
Abutilon macvaughii
Robinsonella macvaughii
Phyllanthaceae
Phyllanthus mcvaughii
Euphorbiaceae
Bernardia mcvaughii
Croton mcvaughii
Euphorbia macvaughii
Euphorbia mcvaughiana
Jatropha mcvaughii
Manihot mcvaughii
Rosaceae
Rubus macvaughianus
Rubus macvaughii
Myrtaceae
Chamguava
Eugenia mcvaughii
Marlierea mcvaughii
Melastomataceae
Miconia mcvaughii
Tibouchina macvaughii
Fabaceae
Ateleia mcvaughii
Caesalpinia macvaughii
Dalea mcvaughii
Phaseolus macvaughi
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
Polygalaceae
Polygala mcvaughii
Burseraceae
Bursera macvaughiana
Linaceae
Linum mcvaughii
Malpighiaceae
Mcvaughia
Bunchosia mcvaughii
Gaudichaudia mcvaughii
Psychopterys mcvaughii
Loranthaceae
Cladocolea mcvaughii
Rhamnaceae
Rhamnus macvaughii
Apiaceae
Arracacia macvaughii
Neogoezia macvaughii
Rhodosciadium macvaughiae
Campanulaceae
Burmeistera mcvaughii
Lobelia mcvaughii
Asteraceae
Macvaughiella
Acourtia macvaughii
Ageratina macvaughii
Bidens mcvaughii
Coreopsis mcvaughii
Cosmos mcvaughii
Decachaeta scabrella var. macvaughii
Grindelia macvaughii
Polymnia mcvaughii
Solidago macvaughii
Stevia macvaughii
Verbesina macvaughii
Vernonia macvaughii
Rubiaceae
Hedyotis macvaughii
Apocynaceae
Asclepias mcvaughii
Matelea macvaughiana
Solanaceae
Physalis mcvaughii
Convolvulaceae
Ipomoea mcvaughii
Cuscutaceae
Cuscuta macvaughii
Boraginaceae
Cordia macvaughii
Scrophulariaceae
Castilleja mcvaughii
Acanthaceae
Carlowrightia mcvaughii
Dyschoriste mcvaughii
Mexacanthus mcvaughii
11
SERVANDO CARVAJAL Y LUZ MARÍA GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL
Ruellia mcvaughii
Tetramerium mcvaughii
Verbenaceae
Lippia mcvaughii
Lamiaceae
Salvia mcvaughii
Orchidaceae
Habenaria macvaughiana
Malaxis macvaughiana
Polystachya mcvaughiana
Iridaceae
Nemastylis mcvaughii
Anthericaceae
Echeandia mcvaughii
Dioscoreaceae
Dioscorea mcvaughii
Bromeliaceae
Aechmea mcvaughii
Tillandsia macvaughii
Commelinaceae
Tradescantia mcvaughii
Cyperaceae
Carex mcvaughii
Poaceae
Calamagrostis mcvaughii
ble de información, por lo que quedamos en deuda con
todos ellos: W3TROPICOS, base de datos del proyecto
VAST (VAScular Tropicos), Missouri Botanical Garden:
http://mobot.mobot.org/W3T/Search/vast.html; The
International Plant Name Index: http://www.ipni.org/;
University of Michigan - Databases: http://herbarium.
lsa.umich.edu/databases.html; International Plant
Science Center, The C.V. Starr Virtual Herbarium, The
New York Botanical Garden http://sciweb.nybg.org/
science2/vii2.asp; SpringerLink (http://www.springerlink.com/); Smithsonian, National Museum of Natural History (http://collections.mnh.si.edu/search/
botany/?ti=3); Kew Herbarium Catalogue (http://apps.
kew.org/herbcat/navigator.do); The New York Botanical Garden, Index Herbariorum: A Global Directory of
Public Herbaria and Associated Staff (http://sciweb.
nybg.org/science2/IndexHerbariorum.asp); University of Texas at Austin (http://129.116.69.198:427/Type.
html); ING (Index Nominum Genericorum; Smithsonian Institution): http://rathbun.si.edu/botany/ing/
ingform.cfm; TinyURL (http://tinyurl.com/).
Las abreviaturas son las usuales para este tipo de
trabajos: (T: = Tipo), (HT: = Holótipo), (IT: = Isótipo),
(B: = basónimo).
De esta manera, los autores pretenden contribuir a
mantener viva la memoria de Rogers McVaugh, el mentor, el compañero de varias excursiones y el amigo, el
investigador que le brindó a uno de nosotros la oportunidad de colaborar en 1986 en su proyecto y publicar
con él, la parte correspondiente a Pinus (Carvajal &
McVaugh 1992). Fue, además, la fuente de inspiración
para producir la llamada Flora de Jalisco, conocida hoy
día como Flora de Jalisco y Áreas Colindantes.
Agradecimientos
Muchos investigadores nacionales y del extranjero,
curadores de herbarios, amén de otras instituciones
intervinieron en nuestra labor y pusieron a nuestra
disposición sus artículos, copias de sus libros y fotografías de ejemplares como material de apoyo; entre
ellos queremos destacar a: Lourdes Rico (KEW), María del Rosario García Peña y Alfonso Delgado Salinas
(MEXU), Sergio Zamudio Ruiz(IEB), Jackie Kallunki y
Thomas Zanoni (NY), Theodore S. Cochrane y Mark
Allen Wetter (WIS), Ramón Cuevas Guzmán (ZEA),
Tom Wendt (TEX), y los ya finados Tatiana Egorova y
Armen Takhtajan (LE). La Internet, sobre todo los sitios electrónicos siguientes fueron una fuente inagota-
12
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
LOS TIPOS NOMENCLATURALES DE LOS GÉNEROS Y ESPECIES DEDICADOS A ROGERS MCVAUGH (1909–2009)
Catálogo
Pteridaceae
Adiantum mcvaughii Mickel & Beitel, Fl. Novo-Galiciana 17: 147–149. f. 22. (30 May) 1992.—T: México:
Nayarit: Tuxpan, in dense shade of palms, elev. 20 m, Y.
Mexia 1030 (HT: MICH-1287061 ; IT: NY-00144558
, UC-350001). — Cházaro Basáñez, M.J. et al.
(1994: 278); Mickel, J.T. & A.R. Smith (2004: 33); Ipni.
org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org.
Missouri Botanical Garden .
Lomariopsidaceae
Elaphoglossum mcvaughii Mickel, Brittonia 32(3):
336–337. (1 Jul) 1980.—T: México: Michoacán: Wooded slopes, pine-fir forests. Steep ravine along brook;
abundant on rocks, 8–10 miles northwest and westnorthwest of Ciudad Hidalgo, among mountains west
of Cerro San Andrés, and 6–7 miles north of the village of San Pedro Aguaro, elev. 2850–3000 m, 19° 48'
N, 100°40' W, 18 March 1949, R. McVaugh 9904 (HT:
US-00731257 ; IT: LL-00000535 , MICH-1287070).
Nombre actual: Elaphoglossum inaequalifolium (Jenman) C. Chr., Index Filic.: 309. 1905.—B: Acrostichum
inaequalifolium Jenman, J. Bot. 24: 273. 1886.—T: Jamaica: G. Jenman s.n. (HT: K). — Díaz-Barriga, H. y M.
Palacios-Ríos (1992: 47); Rojas Alvarado, A. (2002:
994); Mickel J.T. & A.R. Smith (2004: 299); Mickel
J.T. & A.R. Smith (2008: 25); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical
Garden .
Pinaceae
Pinus macvaughii Carvajal, Phytologia 59(2): 139–
141. (11 Jan) 1986.—T: México: Jalisco: Municipio de
Villa Purificación, El Salto del Rincón, Bosque de Pinus
maximinoi, P. oocarpa, P. pseudostrobus y Quercus aristata, sobre suelos de origen granítico, profundos y con
buen drenaje, elev. 800–1200 m, 24 Octubre 1983, S.
Carvajal 4588 (HT: CREG; IT: MICH). Combinaciones
para básonimo: Pinus oocarpa var. macvaughii (Carvajal) Silba, Phytologia 68(1): 57. (Jan) 1990; Pinus
jaliscana Pérez de la Rosa subsp. macvaughii (Carvajal) Silba, J. Int. Conifer Preserv. Soc. 16(1): 23.
(Jan) 2009). Nombre actual: Pinus jaliscana Pérez de
la Rosa, Phytologia 54(5): 289–290. (Nov) 1983.—T:
México: Jalisco: along road 25 km from Zimapán mine
taking off Hwy. 200 just north of El Tuito, 19 June
1983, Pérez de la Rosa 370 (HT: IBUG; IT: ENCB, F-
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
13
SERVANDO CARVAJAL Y LUZ MARÍA GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL
0092108F, GH, IBUG, K, MEXU, MICH, P-00731241,
US- 00012045). — Farjon, A.K. & B.T. Styles (1997:
164); Farjon, A.K. et al. (1997: 76); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri
Botanical Garden .
Piperaceae
Piper mcvaughii Bornst., J. Arnold Arbor. 70(1): 30–
33. f. 11, map. 1. (Jan) 1989.—T: México: Jalisco: coastal
plain near highway to Autlán, 4 miles north of Barra
(“Bahía”) de Navidad, elev. 40 m, 8 November 1960,
R. McVaugh 20817 (HT: MICH). — Cházaro Basáñez,
M.J. et al. (1994: 278); Ipni.org. The International Plant
Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Fagaceae
Quercus mcvaughii Spellenb., Amer. J. Bot. 79(10):
1200. f. 1. (Oct) 1992.—T: México: Chihuahua: Municipio de Ocampo: Parque Nacional de la Cascada de
Basaseachic, 28° 13' N, 108° 12', near campground in
pale, mineral, igneous soil, this over rock, with Quercus rugosa, Q. coccolobifolia, Q. depressipes, Q, sideroxyla, Q. arizonica, Pinus leiophylla, elev. ca. 1800 m, 22
June 1989, R. Spellenberg, W. Boecklen & J. Zimmerman
9821 (HT: NMC; IT: ASU-0019179, BH, CAS-0004212,
ENCB, IBUG, INIF, K-000575012 , MEXU, MO143071, NMC, NY, US, XAL). — Fishbein, M. et al.
(1995: 129, 130, 132); Spellenberg, R. et al. (1996:
14); Nesom, G.L. (1998: 290); Martin, P.S. (1998: 71);
DeBano, L.F. (1999: 132); Felger, R.S. et al. (2001:
221–222); Ickert-Bond, S.M. & D.J. Pinkava (2001:
1050); Webster, G.L. & C.J. Bahre (2001: 25, 187);
Estrada-Castillón, E. et al. (2003: 177); Quiñónez
Martínez, M., et al. (2010: 30); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Hypericaceae
Hypericum macvaughii N.Robson, Syst. Biodivers. 4(1):
91–92. f. 21h-n, map. 20. (6 Mar) 2006.—T: México:
Durango: Sierra Madre Occidental, 80 km west of C.
Durango, in pine-oak zone, 15 miles north of Coyotes
Rail Road Station, barranco of Río Jaral, elev. 2100–
2200 m, 1 October 1962 (fl-fr), R. McVaugh 21719 (HT:
MICH-1210100 ; IT: NY-00689049 ). — Ipni.org. The
International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri
Botanical Garden .
14
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
LOS TIPOS NOMENCLATURALES DE LOS GÉNEROS Y ESPECIES DEDICADOS A ROGERS MCVAUGH (1909–2009)
Ericaceae
Comarostaphylis discolor subsp. macvaughii Diggs,
Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 115: 204. f. 1. 1988.—T: México:
Jalisco: mountains 10–11 km north Tapalpa, road to
Chiquilistlán with oak-pine forest in the ravines and
almost pure stands of Pinus lumholtzii on the summits,
elev. 2300–2350 m, 30–31 January 1975, R. McVaugh
25967 (HT: MICH-1111120 ). Combinación para
este basónimo: Comarostaphylis macvaughii (Diggs)
L.M.González, Acta Bot. Mex. 9: 31–36. 1990. — Diggs, G.M. (1995: PP); Fragoso, R. (2008: 127); Blanco Fernández de Caleya, P. et al. (2010: 295); Ipni.
org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org.
Missouri Botanical Garden .
Myrsinaceae
Ardisia mcvaughii Lundell, Wrightia 3(5): 77. 1963
(“McVaughii”).—T: México: Jalisco: steep mountains
11–12 miles south of Talpa de Allende, headwaters
of a west branch of Río de Talpa, barranca above a rapid clear stream, in dense forest of Quercus, Carpinus,
Distylidium, Magnolia, Podocarpus, with pine forest on
the ridges above, elev. 1200–1700 m, 18–19 October
1960, R. McVaugh 20396 (HT: MICH-1109387 ; IT:
LL-00000290 , MEXU-206170* ). Combinación
para este basónimo: Gentlea mcvaughii (Lundell) Lundell, Wrightia 3: 106. 1964. Nombre actual: Gentlea
micranthera (Donn. Sm.) Lundell, Wrightia 4(2): 69.
1968. — Cházaro Basáñez, M.J. et al. (1994: 278);
Ricketson & Pipoly (1997: 705); Vázquez, J.A. et al.
(1995: 206); Stevens, W. D. et al. (2001: 1–2666);
Grandtner, M.M. (2005: 377); Morales-Quirós, J.F.
(2007: 692–727); Davidse, G. et al. (2009: 529); Ipni.
org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org.
Missouri Botanical Garden .
Passifloraceae
Passiflora mcvaughiana J.M.MacDougal, Novon
11(1): 69–72. f. 1–2. (30 Apr) 2001.—T: México: Estado de México: Municipio Temascaltepec [de González], north of Temascaltepec on route 134, ca. 11 miles
south of road to Tequesquipán, oak woods, elev. 6200
ft, 24 August 1978, J.M. MacDougal 369 (HT: DUKE; IT:
IBUG, MEXU, MICH-1210192). — Cházaro Basáñez,
M.J. et al. (1994: 278); Ipni.org. The International Plant
Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden
.
*Corresponde al número de registro del herbario
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
15
SERVANDO CARVAJAL Y LUZ MARÍA GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL
Cucurbitaceae
Sicyos mcvaughii Rodr.-Arév., Lira & Calzada,
Brittonia 57(1): 43–46. f. 1. (1 Mar) 2005.—T: México:
Chiapas: Municipio Santa María Huatulco, en la desviación a Huatulco, carretera Salina Cruz-Puerto Angel, 15° 46.790' N, 96° 09.331' W, 62 m, 12 noviembre 1999, I. Rodríguez-Arévalo & J.I. Calzada 297 (HT:
MEXU-01173300 ; IT: ENCB, IEB- 000177216, IZTA,
MICH, MO, NY- 00743675, XAL- 0106701). — Lira, R.
y I. Rodríguez-Arévalo (2008: 164); Sebastian, P. et
al. (2012: 5, 7); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name
Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Brassicaceae
Lesquerella mcvaughiana Rollins, Contr. Gray Herb.
171: 44–46. 1950 (como “Mcvaughiana”).—T: U.S.A.:
Texas: Main canyon, east of Mt. Ord, Sierra del Norte, about 10 miles southeast of Alpine, Brewster Co., 7
April 1947, R. McVaugh 7862 (HT: GH-00019311; IT:
MICH-1115065, MO-357736 , NY-00185549, TEX00370988 , US-00901704). Combinación para este
basónimo: Physaria mcvaughiana (Rollins) O’Kane &
Al-Shehbaz, Novon 12(3): 325. (25 Sep) 2002. — Correll, D.S. & M.C. Johnston (1970: 703); Pinkava,
D.J. (1980: 114); Todzia, C.A. (1994: 85); Villarreal
Q., J.A. (2001: 69); Villarreal Quintanilla, J.A. &
J.A. Encina-Domínguez (2005: 23); Conabio (2008:
118); Al-Shehbaz, I.A. (2009: 650); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Pennellia mcvaughii Rollins, Taxon 28(1): 24. 1979.—
T: México: Durango: Collected from deep soil of limestone origin on a steep hillside with large rocks and a
sparse stand of pine; near Mexican Highway 40, 26
miles E of El Salto, elev. 8000 ft, 21 September 1974,
R.C. Rollins & K.W. Roby 7423 (HT: GH- 00019413;
IT: F- 0044529F, GH-00216553, MO-144012 , NY00185603, US-00099858). — Bailey, C.D. et al. (2007:
140–156); Rollins, R.C. (1993: 65, 692); Ipni.org. The
International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri
Botanical Garden .
16
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
LOS TIPOS NOMENCLATURALES DE LOS GÉNEROS Y ESPECIES DEDICADOS A ROGERS MCVAUGH (1909–2009)
Malvaceae
Abutilon macvaughii Fryxell, Madroño 23(6): 332
(figs.). 1976.—T: México: Jalisco: Chamela: “Centro de
Investigación y Experimentación de la UNAM”, 8 km
E of Chamela, lowland forest of Cordia, Caesalpinia,
Thouinidium, Abundant, elev. 30–50 m, 8–10 December 1970, R. McVaugh 25118 (HT: MICH-1104697 ; IT:
CAS-0000014, CTES-0013204, ENCB, IEB-000161459
, MO-6291933 , NY-00021131, Paul Fryxell Herbarium, TEX-00208117 ). — Bullock, S.H. (1985: 299);
Fryxell, P. A. (1988: 25, 27, 47); Cházaro Basáñez,
M.J. et al. (1994: 278); Fryxell, P.A. (2001: 165, 168,
170–172); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index
; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Robinsonella macvaughii Fryxell, Gentes Herb. 11(1):
24. 1973 (como “Macvughii”).—T: México: Jalisco: Dry
hills between Barra de Navidad & Playa de Cuastecomate, tropical deciduous forest, with Forchammeria, Astronium, Bursera, abundant, elev. 100 m, 13 March 1965, R.
McVaugh 23038 (HT: MICH-1104757 ; IT: ENCB, IEB000161460 , MEXU-01121358, NY-00021224, Paul
Fryxell Herbarium, TEX-00208165 ). — Fryxell, P.
A. (1988: 363, 370); Cházaro Basáñez, M.J. et al.
(1994: 278); Fryxell, P.A. (2001: 163, 278–279); Ipni.
org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org.
Missouri Botanical Garden .
Phyllanthaceae
Phyllanthus mcvaughii G.L.Webster, Brittonia 18(4):
339–342. f. 1–8. (6 Mar) 1967 (“(1 Oct) 1966”).—T:
México: Chiapas: ruinate scrub on limestone ca. 30
mi E of Tuxtla Gutiérrez (by road), elev. 4600 ft, 24
June 1962, G.L. Webster, W.P. Adams, K.I. Miller & L.W.
Miller 11698 (HT: DAV-48894; IT: F-0056973F, GH00219309, LL-00371724 , MEXU- 00133751, MICH1104933, 1259638 , LL-00371724, MO-194026, TEX00208153 , S-07-13198, U-0002054). — Miller, K.I.
& G.L. Webster (1966: 373, 378); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
17
SERVANDO CARVAJAL Y LUZ MARÍA GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL
Euphorbiaceae
Bernardia mcvaughii A.Cerv. & Flores Olv., Bot.
J. Linn. Soc. 149(2): 249–251. f. 3, map 6. (11 Oct)
2005.—T: México: Jalisco: Municipio de Huejuquilla,
Rancho Los Arroyos del Agua, 15 km al noroeste de
Huejuquilla, 4 agosto 1990, A. Flores (HT: MICH; IT:
IEB, MEXU-00714336 , MICH, TEX, WIS). — Ipni.org.
The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Croton mcvaughii G.L.Webster, Contr. Univ. Michigan
Herb. 23: 361–362. (2 Jul) 2001.—T: México: Jalisco:
Cabo Corrientes, Steep rocky valley of a stream, in decaying granitic soils, with oak-pine forest on ridges, 5
km north of El Tuito, elev. 700 m, 16– 17 December
1970, R. McVaugh 25521 (HT: MICH). — Martínez, M.
et al. (2008: 15); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name
Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Euphorbia macvaughii Carvajal & Lomelí, Phytologia
49(3): 189–191. (9 Oct) 1981.—T: México: Jalisco: 8
km de Juchitlán, por la carretera a Tecolotlán, suelos
más o menos profundos, en arroyos de temporal, con
Acacia pennatula, Bursera multijuga, B. bipinnata, Ruellia, Vernonia y Marina, elev. 1175 m, 22 marzo 1980,
S. Carvajal 2875 (HT: IBUG (ex CREG), IT: ENCB,
MEXU). — Machuca Núñez, J.A. (1989: 163); Cházaro Basáñez, M. et al. (1992: 67); McVaugh, R. (1993:
232, 233); Cházaro Basáñez, M.J. et al. (1994: 278);
Huerta-Martínez F. M. et al. (1999: 22); Sánchez
Velásquez, L.R. et al. (2002: 25–46); Steinmann,
V.W. & J.M. Porter. (2002: 473, 476); Martínez, M. et
al. (2008: 31); Cházaro Basáñez, M.J. & B.L. Mostul
(2009: 23–25); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Euphorbia mcvaughiana M.C.Johnst., Wrightia 5(5):
123–124. 1975 (como “Mcvaughiana”).—T: México: Coahuila: 9 km south of Parras on Sierras Negras,
scrubby woodland association of pine, juniper, oaks
heavely grazed by goats, elev. 2400 m, 3 July 1941, L.R.
Stanford, K.I. Retherford & R.D. Northcraft 220 (HT:
TEX-00371687 ; IT: CAS-0002535, GH-00047793,
MEXU00018088, MO-188826 , WTU). Combinación para este basónimo: Tithymalus mcvaughianus
(M.C.Johnst.) Sojak, Čas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Přir. 148(3–
4): 199. 1980 (como “1979”). — Todzia, C.A. (1994:
134); Martínez, M. et al. (2008: 31); Ipni.org. The
International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri
Botanical Garden .
18
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
LOS TIPOS NOMENCLATURALES DE LOS GÉNEROS Y ESPECIES DEDICADOS A ROGERS MCVAUGH (1909–2009)
Jatropha mcvaughii Dehgan & G.L.Webster, Madroño
25(1): 36–38. f. 14–18. 1978.—T: México: Jalisco: Playa Escondida (“Scandida”), December 1974, B. Deghan
74206 (HT: DAV-83518; IT: GH, MEXU-00326351,
NY-00842135 ). — Dehgan, B. (1982: 278); Benz,
B.F. et al. (1994: 23–41); Cházaro Basáñez, M.J. et
al. (1994: 278); Vega-Aviña, R. et al. (2000: 13);
Bye, R. et al. (2002: 548); Cházaro B., M.J. (2002:
191); Steinmann, V.W., (2002: 82); Martínez, M. et
al. (2008: [44]); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name
Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Manihot mcvaughii V.W.Steinm., Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 24: 184–186. f. 5. (7 Feb) 2005.—T: México:
Michoacán: Municipio de Arteaga, along MEX 37, ca.
75 km (by road) north of Arteaga and 1 km south of
El Descansadero, 18° 38' 41" N, 101°58' 10" W, elev.
± 300 m, uncommon in a shallow ravine on the rocky hillside above the highway, open thorn forest with
columnar cacti, 03 August 2001, V.W. Steinmann, E.
Carranza & E. Pérez 1811 (HT: IEB-000172309 ; IT:
DAV-174104, MICH-1259639 , NY-00743692, UCR0000016). — Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Rosaceae
Rubus macvaughianus Rzed. & Calderón, Acta Bot.
Mex. 5: 1–4. f. 1. 1989.—T: México: Querétaro: Municipio de Colón: parte alta del Cerro Zamorano, zona rocosa con vegetación herbácea predominante, elev. 3250
m, 1 Septiembre 1987, J. Rzedowski 44377 (HT: ENCB;
IT: IEB-000103949 , MICH-1111302 , MO-197861
, TEX-00208089). — Ipni.org. The International Plant
Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden
.
Rubus macvaughii L.H.Bailey, Gentes Herb. 7: 254. f.
87. 1947.—T: USA: Texas: Panola: 1 mile northeast of
Latex, flat pine-oak woods, 9 May 1945, R. McVaugh
6794 (HT: BH; IT: MICH-1000061A, 1000061B, TEX00373258 , 00371108 ). — Ipni.org. The International
Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical
Garden .
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
19
SERVANDO CARVAJAL Y LUZ MARÍA GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL
Myrtaceae
Chamguava Landrum, Syst. Bot. 16(1): 21–22. (1 Feb)
1991.—T: Chamguava gentlei (Lundell) Landrum,
Syst. Bot. 16(1): 23–24. f. 1A–B, D–G. (1 Feb) 1991.—
B: Eugenia gentlei Lundell, Publ. Carnegie Inst. Wash.
478: 216. 1937.—T: British Honduras: Belize: In acahual, Gracie Rock, Sibun River, tree, diameter 8 inches,
15 July 1935, Percy H. Gentle 1684 (HT: MICH-1259049
; IT: K-000565042, 000565043, LL-00208369 , (fotocopia en MO-3571102)). Nombre anterior: Psidium
biloculare McVaugh, Fieldiana, Bot. 29(8): 520–521.
(31 May) 1963. — McVaugh, R. (1963: 286, 388, 390);
Landrum, L.R. (1992: 26–29); Slish, D.F. et al. (1999:
159–165); Balick, M.J. et al. (2000: 1–246); Barrie,
F.R. (2005: 4–49); CONABIO (2008: 234); Davidse, G.
et al. (2009: 78); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name
Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Eugenia mcvaughii Steyerm. & T.Lasser, Brittonia
33(1): 25–27. f. 1. (1 Jan) 1981.—T: Venezuela: Distrito
Federal: hills of Botanical Garden, Caracas, common on
north slopes, elev. 920 m, 3 November 1979 (fl), Paul
E. Berry 3670 (HT: VEN-132979; IT: MICH-1109678
). — Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ;
Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Marlierea mcvaughii B.Holst, Selbyana 23(2): 147–
150. f. 7-8. (28 Dec) 2002.—T: Venezuela: Río Negro,
Caño Darigua, 11 km south of San Carlos de Río Negro,
1° 56' N, 67° 3' W, elev. 119 m, P. Maquirino & Howard
L.Clark 8302 (HT: MO; IT: INPA, NY-00564087, SEL,
VEN-286776). — Funk, V. A. et al. (2007: 436); Hokche, O. et al. (2008: 1–860); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical
Garden .
Melastomataceae
Miconia mcvaughii Wurdack, Phytologia 16(3): 179–
180. (5 Mar) 1968.—T: México: Jalisco: Sierra de Manantlán (15–20 miles southeast of Autlán), on the bajada south and west of the divide between Aserradero
San Miguel Uno and Durazno, steep west-facing slopes
in pine forest occasional here, more abundant in barrancas, elev. 1700 m, 22–23 March 1965. R. McVaugh
13978 (HT: MICH-1111837 ; IT: US). — Cházaro
Basáñez, M.J. et al. (1994: 278); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
20
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
LOS TIPOS NOMENCLATURALES DE LOS GÉNEROS Y ESPECIES DEDICADOS A ROGERS MCVAUGH (1909–2009)
Tibouchina macvaughii Todzia, Brittonia 51(3): 267–
269. f. 15. (3 Sep) 1999.—T: México, Jalisco: Steep
mountains 20-22 km S of Talpa de Allende, in the
headwaters of a W branch of Río de Talpa; barranca
above a rapid clear stream, in dense forest of Quercus,
Carpinus, Matudaea, Magnolia, Podocarpus, with pine
forest on the ridges above, elev. 1200–1450 m, 28–30
March 1965, R. McVaugh 23292 (HT: MICH-1210032
; IT: ENCB, US-00679972). — Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical
Garden .
Fabaceae
Ateleia mcvaughii Rudd, Phytologia 24(2): 120. (26
Sep) 1972.—T: México: Oaxaca: Municipio de Huajuapan: Rocky calcareous hills, 6–9 km northwest of
Huajuapan de León, remnant of oak forest with small
palms, Amelanchier, Dodonaea, Ipomoea, Acacia, elev.
1800–1900 m, 27 September 1967, R. McVaugh 23984
(HT: US-00002879 ; IT: CAS-0001057, MEXU00437700, MICH-1210127 ). — Téllez Valdez, O. &
M. Sousa (1993: 8–9); Linares, J.L. & M. Sousa (2007:
3–4, 6–7); Téllez, O. y L. Rico (2008: 81); Ireland,
H.E. et al. (2010: 39–53); Ipni.org. The International
Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical
Garden .
Caesalpinia macvaughii J.L.Contr. & G.P.Lewis, Kew
Bull. 47(2): 309. f. 1–2. 1992.—T: México: Guerrero: Zirandaro: 29 km al oeste de Zirandaro, por el camino a
Aratichangio, bosque tropical caducifolio, suelo, rojo,
pedregoso, elev. 180 m, 8 Marzo 1988, J.L. ContrerasJiménez 2343 (HT: FCME; IT: K-000081742 , MEXU).
— Sousa S., M. et al. (2003: 381–398); Sotuyo, S. et
al. (2004: 131–143); Sotuyo, S. & G.P. Lewis (2007:
33–36); Sotuyo, S. et al. (2007: 1307–1314); Téllez,
O. y L. Rico (2008: 2); Ipni.org. The International Plant
Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden
.
Dalea mcvaughii Barneby, Mem. New York Bot. Gard.
27: 318–319. pl. 69. 1977.—T: México: Jalisco: Sierra
del Tigre, Steep hillsides in pine forest area, in heavy
red clay loam, 3 miles south of Mazamitla, elev. 21002200 m, 18 September 1952, R. McVaugh 13036 (HT:
MICH-1107238 ; IT: CAS-0002159, MEXU00437689,
MO-120569, NY-00007008). — McVaugh, R. (1987:
428.); Cházaro Basáñez, M.J. et al. (1994: 278); Ipni.
org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org.
Missouri Botanical Garden .
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
21
SERVANDO CARVAJAL Y LUZ MARÍA GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL
Phaseolus macvaughii A.Delgado, Syst. Bot. 25(3):
414–418. f. 1. (28 Sep) 2000.—T: México: Jalisco: Municipio de La Huerta, Chamela, Playa El Paraíso, al nivel
del mar, 19 Septiembre 1976, A. Delgado S. 129 (HT:
MEXU; IT: CAS, CHAPA, IBUG, MICH-1180016, MO256089). — Mercado-Ruaro, P. & A. Delgado-Salinas (1998: 3, 4, 8); Delgado-Salinas, A. et al. (1999:
443, 446, 447, 458); Freytag, G.F. & D.G. Debouck
(2002: 1–300); Doyle, J.J. & M.A. Luckow (2003:
908); Delgado-Salinas, A. et al. (2006: 782, 787,
790); Lépiz Idelfonso, R. & R. Ramírez Delgadillo
(2010: 40); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index
; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Polygalaceae
Polygala mcvaughii T.Wendt, Lundellia 8: 18–22. f. 1.
(7 Nov) 2005.—T: México: Michoacán: Municipio de
Yurécuaro, ladera noroeste del Cerro Grande de Cujuarato, cerca de La Piedad, encinar bajo, elev. 2250 m, 16
Noviembre 1971; J. Rzedowski & R. McVaugh 560 (HT:
ENCB; IT: MEXU, MICH). — Ipni.org. The International
Plant Name Index .
Burseraceae
Bursera macvaughiana Cuevas & Rzed., Acta Bot. Mex.
46: 78–81. f. 1. 1999.—T: México: Jalisco: Municipio
de Tuxcacuesco, Cerro del Palacio, 4–5 km al sudoeste de Tuxcacuesco, 19° 40' 35" N y 104° 00' 44" W,
bosque tropical caducifolio con Lysiloma, Cordia, Pistacia, Ptelea, Chiococca, Euphorbia, Comocladia, Pseudosmodingium, Senna, Cedrela, Pithecellobium, Conzattia
y Cnidoscolus, elev. 1200 m, 9 julio 1997, R. Cuevas y
R. Delgado 5619 (HT: IEB-000141141 ( ) ; IT: IBUG,
IEB-000141142, ZEA-16849* ). — Cházaro Basáñez,
M. (2002: 46); Cházaro Basáñez, M. et al. (2010:
57–70); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index
; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Linaceae
Linum mcvaughii C.M.Rogers, Contr. Univ. Michigan
Herb. 15: 205–207. f. 1. (13 Dec) 1982.—T: México: Jalisco: Municipio de Talpa de Allende, bosque de encino y pino en ladera cerro, entre Cuale y Minas de Oro,
elev. 1520 m, 30 noviembre 1971, R. González T. 466
(HT: MICH-1192441 ). — Conabio (2008: 224); Ipni.
org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org.
Missouri Botanical Garden .
*Corresponde al número de registro del herbario
22
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
LOS TIPOS NOMENCLATURALES DE LOS GÉNEROS Y ESPECIES DEDICADOS A ROGERS MCVAUGH (1909–2009)
Malpighiaceae
Mcvaughia W.R.Anderson, Taxon 28(1–3): 157–
159. f. 1–2. (27 Apr) 1979.—T: Mcvaughia bahiana
W.R.Anderson, Taxon 28(1–3): 159–161. f. 1–2. (27
Apr) 1979; Brazil: Bahia: Roadside caatinga in coarsely
sandy soil, 12 km southeast of Santaluz on road from
Conção do Coité, ca. 39º 20' W, 11º 20' S, elev. 400 m,
6 March 1976, William R. Anderson 11740 (HT: MBM;
IT: F-0062743F, G, K-000426948, MICH-1102251
, NY- 00067680 , P, RB-00540751, 00556503, SP000249, U-0003826, UB, US-00108758). — Anderson,
W.R. (1980: 17–23); Cameron, K. M. et al. (2002:
1850, 1852, 1855, 1858, 1960); Davis, C. C. et al.
(2001: 1833, 1835–1940, 1844); Lombello, R. A. & E.
R. Forni-Martins (2002: 241–250); Davis, C.C. et al.
(2004: 112, 113); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name
Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Bunchosia mcvaughii W.R.Anderson, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 11(5): 273–275. f. 1. (21 Nov) 1978.—T:
México: Jalisco: 8 km E of Chamela, lowland forest of
Cordia, Caesalpinia, Thouinidium “Centro de Investigación y Experimentación de la UNAM,” abundant
in dense forest shade, elev. 30–50 m, 8–10 December 1970, R. McVaugh 25107 (HT: MICH-1102081
). — Bullock, S.H. (1985: 299); Bullock, S.H. & J.A.
Solis-Magallanes (1990: 35); Bullock, S.H. (1990:
107); Benz, B.F. et al. (1994: 38); Cházaro Basáñez, M.J. et al. (1994: 278); Quiroz-García, D.L. et
al. (2001: 68); Bullock, S.H. (2002: 496); Lott, E. J.,
(2002: 121); Ricker, M. et al. (2007: 1953); Conabio
(2008: 244); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index
; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Gaudichaudia mcvaughii W.R.Anderson, Contr. Univ.
Michigan Herb. 16: 72–75. f. 7a-g. (12 May) 1987.—T:
México: Colima: 11 km south-southwest of Colima on
Highway 110, limestone hills with very dense cover
of shrubs and small trees, elev. 390 m, 18 September
1983, W.R. Anderson 12699 (HT: MICH-1102321 ;
IT: CAS-0002768, DUKE, ENCB, F-0062679F, G, IBUG,
K-000427490, MEXU, MO-187479, NY-00071251, P,
US-00151818). — Castellanos, A.E. et al. (1989:
42); Arreguín Sánchez, M.L. et al. (1996: 59); Eamus, D. & L. Prior (2001: 195); Lott, E. J., (2002:
121); Quiroz-García, D.L. et al. (2001: 68); Solórzano, S. et al. (2002: 206); Davis, C.C. et al. (2004:
110); García-Aldrete, A.N. y R. Ayala (2004: 204);
Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.
org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
23
SERVANDO CARVAJAL Y LUZ MARÍA GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL
Psychopterys mcvaughii W.R.Anderson & S.Corso,
Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 25: 121–122. (13 Aug)
2007.—T: México: Jalisco: S facing foothills of Sierra
de Manantlán [ca 40 km SE of Autlán], 2–3 km above
abandoned site of Durazno, on lumber-road between El
Chante and Cuzalapa, tropical deciduous forest in steep
valley of rapid stream woody vine in trees, 19° 32' N,
104° 14' W, elev. 1250 m, 24 March 1965, R. McVaugh
23243 (HT: MICH-1244537 ; IT: CAS-0004150, ENCB,
IBUG, IEB-000191968 , K-000591162, 000591163,
MO, NY-01043151, US-00902447, WIS-0255051WIS
). — Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ;
Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Loranthaceae
Cladocolea mcvaughii Kuijt, J. Arnold Arbor. 56(3):
311–313. f. 23. 1975.—T: México: Jalisco: Sierra del
Halo, near lumber road leading to San Isidro, 2–5 miles from Colima highway, 7 miles south-southwest of
Tecalitlán, on Quercus, elev. 1400–1500 m, R. McVaugh
15008 (HT: MICH). — Wilson, C.A. & C.L. Calvin
(2006: 101–113); Calvin, C.L. & C.A. Wilson (2006:
57); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Rhamnaceae
Rhamnus mcvaughii M.C.Johnst. & L.A.Johnst., Fl.
Neotrop. Monogr. 20: 50–52. f. 15, 18, map. 1978.—T:
México: Oaxaca: Tuxtepec-Oaxaca road, Sierra de Juárez, pine-oak forest 17 miles south of the northernmost
high pass (ca. 50 road-miles north of Oaxaca, elev. 2800
m, 12 Oct 1962, R. McVaugh 21827 (HT: MICH-1115163
). — Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ;
Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Apiaceae
Arracacia macvaughii Mathias & Constance, Contr.
Univ. Michigan Herb. 11(1): 8. fig. 3. (7 Nov) 1973.—T:
México: Querétaro: Municipio de Colón: Cerro Zamorano, 1 km al suroeste de la cumbre, bosque de Abies,
elev. 3100 m, 13 Noviembre 1971, J. Rzedowski & R.
McVaugh “409” (HT: MICH-1115174 ), el número correcto de la colección es J. Rzedowski & R. McVaugh 405,
no “409” como aparece en la publicación. — Carranza
González, E. (2005: 10); Zamudio, S. y R. Galván Villanueva (2011: 84); Ipni.org. The International Plant
Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden
.
24
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
LOS TIPOS NOMENCLATURALES DE LOS GÉNEROS Y ESPECIES DEDICADOS A ROGERS MCVAUGH (1909–2009)
Neogoezia macvaughii Constance, Opera Bot. 92:
68–69. f. 6. 1987.—T: México: Jalisco: Grassy slopes with Pinus and Quercus, 12 km northwest of Los
Volcanes, elev. 1900 m, 30 October 1973, D.E. Breedlove 35768 (HT: CAS; IT: ASU, E-00394864, MEXU,
MICH-1259004, MO-142683 , NY-00074011, UC, US00479231). — Spalik, K. & S.R. Downie (2006: 749,
761); Downie, S.R. et al. (2008: 1044, 1048,1050);
Spalik, K. et al. (2009: 740–741, 748); Ipni.org. The
International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri
Botanical Garden .
Rhodosciadium macvaughiae Mathias & Constance, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 11: 21. fig. 10. (7 Nov)
1973.—T: México: Jalisco: Abundant, upper slopes of
Cerro Tequila about 10 km S of Tequila, steep mountainside in mature oak forest with many epiphytes,
elev. 2400–2800 m, 14 September 1967, R. McVaugh
23905 (HT: MICH-1115199 ; IT: UC). — Ipni.org. The
International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri
Botanical Garden .
Campanulaceae
Burmeistera mcvaughii Wilbur, Ann. Missouri Bot.
Gard. 68(1): 169–170. (17 Nov) 1981.—T: Panamá:
Chiriquí-Bocas del Toro: border trail along continental
divide ca. 5 mi NE of Boquete near Cerro Pate Macho
above Palo Alto along trail above 6800 ft, Hammel 7399
(HT: DUKE; IT: MO). — Walter, K.S. & H.J. Gillett
(1998: 108); Correa, A. et al. (2004: 1–599); Ipni.
org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org.
Missouri Botanical Garden .
Lobelia mcvaughii T.J.Ayers, Brittonia 39(4): 421.
f. 1(G-I). (01 Oct) 1987.—T: México: Durango: 34
road-miles W of El Salto, along highway from Durango to Mazatlán, head of barranca, where terrain falls
off precipitously to north of road, pine forest, elev.
2400–2500 m, 24 March 1951, R. McVaugh 11528
(HT: MICH-1111402 ; IT: CAS-0003190, MEXU00113986, MICH, NY-00547143, TEX-00000219
, US-00344761). Combinación para este basónimo:
Calcaratolobelia mcvaughii (T.J.Ayers) Wilbur, Sida
17(3): 562. 1997. — Ayers, T.J. (1990: 296, 298–299,
307, 311, 313); Todzia, C.A. (1994: 91); Wilbur, R.L.
(1997: 555–564); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name
Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
25
SERVANDO CARVAJAL Y LUZ MARÍA GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL
Asteraceae
Macvaughiella R.M.King & H.Rob., Sida 3(4): 282. (21
Jun). 1968.—T: Macvaughiella mexicana (Sch. Bip.)
R.M. King & H. Rob., Sida 3(4): 282. 1968.—B: Schaetzellia mexicana Sch. Bip., Flora 33(27): 419. 1850.—T:
México: Veracruz: Bord de la rivière à Acasonica, elev.
365 m, January 1839, Linden 1168 (HT: B (destruido);
IT: BR- 0000005329854, MICH-1107659, P-00704512
(foto en US)). — Breedlove, D.E. (1986: 1–246);
King, R.M. & H. Robinson (1987: 1–500); Warnock,
M.J. (1987: 404); Robinson, H. (1991: 639–643); Cházaro Basáñez, M.J. et al. (1994: 278); Turner, B.L.
(1997: i–272); Panero, J.L. y J.L. Villaseñor (2008:
62); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Acourtia macvaughii B.L.Turner, Phytologia 74(5): 398
(May) 1993.—T: México: Michoacán: Steep limestones
slopes near summit, 8–12 km southwest of Aserradero Dos Aguas and nearly west of Aguililla, fir forest
zone, elev. 2250–2400 m, 5–6 March 1965, R. McVaugh
22789 (HT: LL-00374353 ; IT: MICH-1108842 , NY00149902). — Todzia, C.A. (1994: 21); Panero, J.L. y
J.L. Villaseñor (2008: 126); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical
Garden .
Ageratina macvaughii R.M.King & H.Rob., Phytologia
38(4): 335–336, f. s.n. (pág. 349). (18 Feb) 1978.—T:
México: Michoacán: Precipitous mountainsides 3–6
km southwest of Aserradero Dos Aguas and nearly
west of Aguililla, in pine forest zone on the boundary
between deep soils and shallow calcareus soils, elev.
2000–2100 m, 25 November 1970, R. McVaugh 24669
(HT: US-00127588; IT: LL-00086318 , MO-299564
). — McVaugh, R. (1984: 365); Turner, B.L. (1990:
95–97); Turner, B.L. (1997: 1–272); Fernández
Nava, R. et al. (1998: 50); Panero, J.L. y J.L. Villaseñor (2008: 39); Hernández Pacheco, C.E. (2011: 28);
Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.
org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
26
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
LOS TIPOS NOMENCLATURALES DE LOS GÉNEROS Y ESPECIES DEDICADOS A ROGERS MCVAUGH (1909–2009)
Bidens mcvaughii Sherff, Brittonia 16(1): 63–64. (1
Jan) 1964.—T: México: Jalisco: Sierra del Tigre 3 miles
[5 km] south of Manzamitla, elev. 2100–2200 m, steep
hillsides in pine forest areas in heavy red clay loam,
16 September 1952, R. McVaugh 12970 (HT: MICH1108926 ; IT: F, MEXU-00917738, TEX-00031157
, 000373771 ). Nombre actual: Bidens chiapensis
Brandegee, Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 6(4): 76. 1914.—T:
México: Chiapas: collected at high altitude of the Cerro del Boqueron, Purpus 6945 (HT: UC-173022; IT:
GH-00053211, MO, US-00517232). — Melchert,
T.E. (1976: 195, 202); McVaugh, R. (1984: 129, 130);
Breedlove, D.E. (1986: 1–246); Strother, J.L. (1999:
1–232); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ;
Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Coreopsis mcvaughii D.J. Crawford, Brittonia 21(4):
353–354. (21 Oct) 1969.—T: México: Aguascalientes:
Sierra del Laurel, ca. 10 miles southeast of Calvillo (3
hours by horse from Rancho de Los Adobes), moist
north-facing slopes near summits, elev. 2500 m, 4
November 1959, R. McVaugh & W.N. Koelz 225 (HT:
MICH-1108995 ; IT: NY-00167712, LL-00373809
, US-00344746). — McVaugh, R. (1984: 257); Turner, B.L. (1986: 168); Todzia, C.A. (1994: 34); Balleza, J.J. & J.L. Villaseñor (2002: 37); Panero, J.L. & J.L.
Villaseñor (2008: 31); Ipni.org. The International Plant
Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden
.
Cosmos mcvaughii Sherff, Brittonia 16(1): 68. (1 Jan)
1964.—T: México: Jalisco: Sierra de la Campana, along
road to Mascota, 7–8 miles northwest of Los Volcanes, pine-oak forest west of summits, elev. 1900–2000
m, 23–25 October 1952, R. McVaugh 13752 (HT:
MICH-1107299 ; IT: BM-1009831, CAS-0002070,
LL-00124110 , 00373818 , MEXU-00149520, NY00167743, US-00124357). — Melchert, T.E. (1968:
347, 350, 351, 353); McVaugh, R. (1984: 272); Cházaro Basáñez, M.J. et al. (1994: 278); Todzia, C.A.
(1994: 34); Lira Saade, R. et al. (1996: 392); Cházaro B., M.J. (2002: 191); Panero, J. y J.L. Villaseñor
(2008: 32); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index
; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Decachaeta scabrella (B.L.Rob.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
var. macvaughii R.M.King & H.Rob., Brittonia 21(3):
283. (Jul-Sep) 1969.—T: México: Nayarit: Mountains
10 mi SE of Ahuacatlán, on the road to Barranca del
Oro and Amatlán; precipitous rocky south-facing slopes, elevation 1100–1300 m, 17–18 November 1959,
R. McVaugh & Koelz 763 (HT: MICH; IT: LL-00136862,
US). – Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ;
Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
27
SERVANDO CARVAJAL Y LUZ MARÍA GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL
Grindelia macvaughii G.L.Nesom, Phytologia 68(4):
312. 1990.—T: México: Jalisco: 15.9 km east of Agua El
Obispo (west of Lagos de Moreno) on Highway 80 beside and in ditch on northwest side of road, associated
with Acacia, Lupinus, Artemisia, elev. 1700 m, 20 August 1979, M.E. Lane 2594 (HT: TEX-00373593 ; IT:
MEXU, TEX). — Todzia, C.A. (1994: 44); Panero, J.L.
y J.L. Villaseñor (2008: 14); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical
Garden .
Perymenium rogmacvaughii Rzed. & Calderón, Acta
Botánica Mexicana 91: 22, fig. 1. (Apr) 2010.—T: México: Estado de México: 2 km al NE de la intersección
de los caminos Valle de Bravo-Tingambato y la desviación a Luvianos, 25 septiembre 1984, J.L. Villaseñor L.
& D.M. Spooner 773 (HT: IEB-oooo35575 ; IT: MEXU,
UC). — Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index .
Polymnia mcvaughii J.R.Wells, Brittonia 19(4): 391–
394. f. 1–7, t. 1. 1967. (6 Nov) 1967.—T: México: Jalisco: Sierra de Manantlán (30–35 km southeast of Autlán), precipitous seaward-facing slopes 1–4 km below
the summit called “La Cumbre”, near lumber road between El Chante and Cuzalapa, and above the abandoned site of El Durazno, lat. 19° 32' N, long. 104° 14'
W, deciduous forest with Podocarpus, Distylium, Ostrya,
Quercus, 1500–1900 m, 22–23 March 1959, R. McVaugh
23189 (HT: MICH-1107632 ; IT: CAS-0004104,
LL-00373960 , MO-191383 , NY-00232565, PH00020811, US-00128396). Combinación para este
basónimo: Smallanthus mcvaughii (J.R.Wells) H.Rob.,
Phytologia 39(1): 50. (Apr) 1978. — McVaugh, R.
(1984: 758); Cházaro Basáñez, M.J. et al. (1994:
278); Strother, J.L. & J.L. Panero (1994: 773); Todzia, C.A. (1994: 60); Cuevas G., R. et al. (1995:
82–88); Hernández-López, L. (1995: 65); Hernández López, L. (1995: 74); Téllez Valdés, O. (1995:
23); Vázquez, J. A. et al. (1995: 142); Panero, J.L. y
J.L. Villaseñor (2008: 123); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical
Garden .
28
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
LOS TIPOS NOMENCLATURALES DE LOS GÉNEROS Y ESPECIES DEDICADOS A ROGERS MCVAUGH (1909–2009)
Solidago macvaughii G.L.Nesom, Phytologia 67(4): 301.
(Oct) 1989.—T: México: Aguascalientes: [Municipio
de Rincón de Romos]: 2 km al S y 2 km E de Rincón
de Romos, low, ungrazed meadows with some permanent wet places [wet meadows with nearly permanent
springs,] elev. 2000 m, local in patches near the road,
4 September 1967, R. McVaugh 23663 (HT: MICH1107722 - illustrated in McVaugh 1984: 855). — Panero, J.L. y J.L. Villaseñor (2008: 20); Ipni.org. The
International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri
Botanical Garden .
Stevia macvaughii Grashoff, Brittonia 26(4): 365–
367. f. 9. (1 Oct) 1974.—T: México: Jalisco: Southeastern slopes of the Nevado de Colima, along a lumber
road which ascends from a point about 11 mi from
Atenquique on the Tonila road, oak-pine forest, elev.
2000 m, 4 April 1951, R. McVaugh 11789 (HT: MICH1107755 ; IT: MEXU-00164521). — McVaugh, R.
(1984: 901); Cházaro Basáñez, M.J. et al. (1994:
278); Turner, B.L., Phytologia Mem. 11: 1–272. 1997;
Panero, J.L. y J.L. Villaseñor (2008: 68); Ipni.org. The
International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri
Botanical Garden .
Verbesina macvaughii B.L.Turner, Phytologia 63(1): 8.
(28 May) 1987.—T: México: Oaxaca: Municipio de Juquila: Steeps mountainsides ca. 80 km South-southwest
of Sola de Vega, seaward side of the pass 25 km above S.
Gabriel Mixtepec, and ca. 30 km south of the Río Verde
crossing at Juchatengo, in transition from pine to deciduous forest with Pinus strobus, elev. 1450–1700 m, 11
February 1965, R. McVaugh 22400 (HT: LL-00374064
; IT: MEXU-00155833, MICH-1107833 ). — Castillo-Campos, G. & H. Narave (1992: 51–85); Martínez, E. et al. (1994: 110); Todzia, C.A. (1994: 73);
García-Mendoza, A.J. et al. (2004: 189); Panero, J.L.
y J.L. Villaseñor (2008: 103); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical
Garden .
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
29
SERVANDO CARVAJAL Y LUZ MARÍA GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL
Vernonia macvaughii S.B.Jones, Brittonia 25(2): 105.
f. 14. (21 Apr) 1973.—T: México: Oaxaca: 4.1 mi S
Puebla-Oaxaca State line on Hwy I 90. Rocky limestone hillside with palms. 6 mi N of Huajuapan de
León, S.B. Jones 21664 (HT: GA; IT: F-0051749F, GH00013582 (ex GA), MICH-1107872, MEXU-00159920,
MO-2070750 , NY-00274534, TEX-00086064, US00147291). Combinación para este basónimo: Critoniopsis macvaughii (S.B. Jones) H. Rob., Proc. Biol. Soc.
Washington 106(3): 616. 1993. — García-Mendoza,
A. et al. (1994: 70); Todzia, C.A. (1994: 75); Lira Saade, R. et al. (1996: 415); Panero, J.L. y J.L. Villaseñor (2008: 165); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name
Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Rubiaceae
Hedyotis macvaughii Terrell, Novon 6: 128–130. f.
1–2. 1996.—T: México: Jalisco: Mpio. Cabo Corrientes: steep mountain sides 3–10 km generally east on
the road to Mina del Cuale from the junction 5 km
northwest of El Tuito, pine-oak forest on decomposed
granitic soils, with Podocarpus, oaks, and other deciduous trees in rocky stream valleys, elev. 850–1150 m,
16–19 February 1975, R. McVaugh 26426 (HT: MICH1108174 ). — Lorence, D. H. (1999: 1–177); Ipni.org.
The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Apocynaceae
Asclepias mcvaughii Woodson, Ann. Missouri Bot.
Gard. 41(1): 197–198. f. 112. 1954.—T: México: Jalisco,
Sierra de la Campana, along road to Mascota, 7–8 miles northwest of Los Volcanes, pine-oak forest west of
summits, elev. 1900–2000 m, 20–25 October 1955, R.
McVaugh 13800 (HT: MICH-1111594 ). — Cházaro
Basáñez, M.J. et al. (1994: 278); Cuevas G., R. et al.
(1995: 82–88); Hernández López, L. (1995: 74); Vázquez, J. A. et al. (1995: 174); Instituto Nacional de
Ecología (2000: 161); Juárez-Jaimes, V. et al. (2008:
10); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
30
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
LOS TIPOS NOMENCLATURALES DE LOS GÉNEROS Y ESPECIES DEDICADOS A ROGERS MCVAUGH (1909–2009)
Matelea macvaughiana W.D.Stevens, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75(4): 1545–1548. f. 7. (8 Mar) 1989
(como “1988”).—T: México: Jalisco: moist slopes near
Guadalajara (between El Castillo and Juanacatlán),
5 Aug 1902, C.G. Pringle 8629 (T: MSC; IT: ENCB,
F-0048961F, G-00176986, 00176987, 00176988,
GH-00076492, L-0004379, 0004380, LE, MEXU00024445, 00025645, MIN1001792, MO-078244
, NY, P-00645757, PH-00017088, 00017089, POM,
RSA-0000809, UC, US-00170277, VT, W). Combinación para este basónimo: Dictyanthus macvaughianus
(W.D.Stevens) W.D.Stevens, Novon 10(3): 243. (12
Sep) 2000. — Challis, K. M. & R. A. Davies (2002: 37);
Eggli, U. & H. E. K. Hartmann (2002: 182); JuárezJaimes, V. et al. (2008: 11); Ipni.org. The International
Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical
Garden .
Solanaceae
Physalis mcvaughii Waterf., Rhodora 69(777): 104–
105. (31 Mar) 1967 (“McVaughii”).—T: México: Jalisco:
Precipitous moutains 3–5 road miles northwest of San
Miguel de la Sierra (ca. 40 km., airline, west of Ayutla); tall wet mixed forest of firs an decidous trees, elev.
2000 m, 3 november 1962; R. McVaugh 22034 (HT:
MICH-1109903; IT: LL-00000699 , NY-00138876).
Nombre actual: Physalis coztomatl Moçiño & Sessé ex
Dunal, in: De Candolle, Prodr. 13: 450. 1852.—T: dibujo 48 de Sessé y Moçiño depositado en el Hunt Institute. Corresponde a la copia 916 de la colección Icones florae mexicanae ineditae. — Martínez, M. (1994:
49–54); Vargas-Ponce, O., et al. (1999: 24); Vargas
Ponce, O. et al. (2003: 68); Cuevas-Arias, C.T., et al.
(2008: 73); Martínez, M. et al. (2008: 94); Ipni.org.
The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Convolvulaceae
Ipomoea mcvaughii McPherson, Contr. Univ. Michigan
Herb. 14: 94. f. 6. (5 Aug) 1980.—T: México: Oaxaca:
steeps slopes in pine forest, 5–6 km northeast of Putla, road to Tlaxiaco, elev. 850 m, 6 February 1965, R.
McVaugh 22268 (HT: MICH-1111345 ). — McDonald, J.A. (1987: 58); Arreguín Sánchez, M. L. et
al. (1996: 41); Austin, D.F. & Z. Huamán (1996: 9);
Carranza González, E. (2008: 81); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri
Botanical Garden .
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
31
SERVANDO CARVAJAL Y LUZ MARÍA GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL
Cuscutaceae
Cuscuta macvaughii Yunck., Brittonia 12(1): 40. f. 2.
(21 Jan) 1960.—T: México: Michoacán: Low hills between San Juan de los Plátanos and Amatlán (Sta. Ana),
in sparse woodland with Cordia, Amphipterygium, Cercidium, Caesalpinia platyloba, elev. ca. 275 m, 17 September 1958, localy abundant on Okenia, R. McVaugh
17970 (HT: MICH-1111368 ; IT: DPU)]. Combinación para este basónimo: Grammica macvaughii
(Yunck.) Holub, Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(4): 426.
1977. — Yuncker, T.G. (1965: 32); Costea M. et al.
(2006: 153); Stefanović, S. et al. (2007: 568-589);
Castro-Lara, J.M. (2008: 84); Costea, M. et al.
(2008: 670–681); Stefanović, S. & M. Costea (2008:
791–808); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index
; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Boraginaceae
Cordia macvaughii J.S.Mill., Syst. Bot. 11(4): 179–187.
fig. 1. 1986.—T: México: Jalisco: Steep hillsides west of
Magdalena, 15 km above Plan de Barranca, with Acacia,
Bursera, elev. 1250 m, 8 April 1965, scarce, R. McVaugh
23505 (HT: MICH-1287076 ). — Fernández Nava, R.
et al. (1998: 42). 1998; Walter, K.S. & H.J. Gillett
(1998: 80); Grandtner, M.M. (2005: 257); Miller,
J.S. et al. (2005: 1–132); Campos-Ríos, M.G. (2008:
26); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Scrophulariaceae
Castilleja mcvaughii N.H.Holmgren, Brittonia 28(2):
203–204. f. 4. (1 Apr) 1976.—T: México: Jalisco: Sierra de Manantlán, 25–30 km southeast of Autlán, along
lumber-road east of road-crossing called “La Cumbre”
between El Chante and Cuzalapa, 19° 35' N, 104°
08'–15' W, ridges and summits with open pine forests,
the steeper slopes with Abies, Pinus, Cupressus and
Quercus, elev. 2750 m, 20–21 March 1965, R. McVaugh
23124 (HT: MICH-1109958 ; IT: NY-0068209)]. —
Arreguín Sánchez, M.L. et al. (1996: 69); Cházaro
Basáñez, M.J. et al. (1994: 278); Méndez-Larios, I.
& J.L. Villaseñor Ríos (2001: 101–121); Ipni.org. The
International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri
Botanical Garden .
32
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
LOS TIPOS NOMENCLATURALES DE LOS GÉNEROS Y ESPECIES DEDICADOS A ROGERS MCVAUGH (1909–2009)
Acanthaceae
Carlowrightia mcvaughii T.F.Daniel, Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 14: 57–60. f. 1–2. (5 Aug) 1980.—T: México: Jalisco: Precipitous south-facing mountainsides 4
miles north-northwest of Talpa de Allende, elev. 1450–
1500 m, 12–13 October 1960 (flr & fr), R. McVaugh
20105 (HT: MICH-1104026 ; IT: CAS-0001075,
GH, NY-00311851 , US-00169822. — Daniel, T.F.
(1983); Daniel, T.F. (1988: 245, 249); Daniel, T.F.
& T.I. Chuang (1993: 284–285); Cházaro Basáñez,
M.J. et al. (1994: 278); Arreguín Sánchez, M. L. et
al. (1996: 22); Martínez Gordillo, M. et al. (2004:
120); Conabio (2008: 44); Ipni.org. The International
Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical
Garden .
Dyschoriste mcvaughii T.F.Daniel, Proc. Calif. Acad.
Sci. ser. 4, 46(12): 279. f. 1, 2f. 1990.—T: México: Jalisco: Between Ayutla and Mascota near summit of pass,
7–8 mi northwest of Los Volcanes, 1800–1900 m, 30
April 1951, R. McVaugh 12187 (HT: MICH-1104034
; IT: US-00406444). — McVaugh, R. (2005: 155);
Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.
org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Mexacanthus mcvaughii T.F.Daniel, Syst. Bot. 6(3):
288–293. f. 1–3. 1981.—T: México: Colima (como “Molina”): 15–25 km northwest of Santiago, on road to
Cihuatlán, Jalisco, dry hills, deciduous forest, now leafless, with Cordia, Bursera, Ipomoea, Erioxylon elev. 50–
100 m, 16 March 1965, R. McVaugh 23016 (HT: MICH1104072 ; IT: CAS-0003202, ENCB). — Bullock, S.H.
(1984: 294); Cházaro Basáñez, M.J. et al. (1994:
278); Walter, K.S. & H.J. Gillett (1998: 39); Lott,
E.J. (2002: 99–136); Arreguín-Sánchez, M.L. et al.
(2003: 115); Daniel, T.F. et al. (2005: 11–17); Conabio (2008: 49); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name
Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Ruellia mcvaughii T.F.Daniel, Contr. Univ. Michigan
Herb. 17: 159–161. f. 2e, 8a-e. (27 Apr) 1990.—T: México: Nayarit: ca. 4 road-miles east of Jalcocotán, on
rod to Tepic, ravines in south and west-facing mountain-slopes, in oak forest, elev. 750 m, 22 April 1951,
R. McVaugh 12148 (HT: MICH-1104086 ; IT: NY0079943, US-00170001). — Daniel, T. F. (1990: 279–
287); Vázquez, J. A. et al. (1995: 108); Tripp, E.A.
(2007: 628–649); Tripp, E.A. et al. (2008: 1722, 1725,
1733); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ;
Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
33
SERVANDO CARVAJAL Y LUZ MARÍA GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL
Tetramerium mcvaughii T.F.Daniel, Syst. Bot. Monogr. 12: 92–94. f. 84, 98-103. 1986.—T: México: Colima:
Along Highway 110 southwest of Colima, 1.5 mi. below
summit of road pass, just above La Salada, seawardfacing slopes of low mountains of gypsum and slate,
deciduous forest, elev. 320 m, 26 November 1983, T.F.
Daniel & M. Butterwick 3247 (HT: CAS-4800; IT: ASU16802, ENCB, F-47545F, GH, IBUG, K-80062, MEXU,
MICH-1104097 , MO-159389 , NY-00278342, TEX00373105 , UC, US). — Arreguín Sánchez, M. L.
et al. (1996: 23); Ickert-Bond, S.M. & D.J. Pinkava
(2001: 1043); Todzia, C.A. (1994: 11); Ipni.org. The
International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri
Botanical Garden .
Verbenaceae
Lippia mcvaughii Moldenke, Phytologia 8(8): 388. (10
Dec) 1962.—T: México: Colima: 7 mi N of Santiago, on
the road to Durazno, Jalisco, in low mountain summits,
decidous woodlands with Cordia, Brosimum, Platymiscium, elev. 200 m, 10 December 1959, R. McVaugh &
W.L. Koelz 1660 (HT: MICH; IT: NY-0083788, LL00375119, TEX-00031048 , US-00118845). — Bullock, S.H. (1985: 301); Schultze, E.-D. et al. (1988:
114); Bullock, S.H. & J.A. Solis-Magallanes (1990:
25, 26, 35); Cházaro Basáñez, M.J. et al. (1994: 278);
Arreguín Sánchez, M.L. et al. (1996: 74); Bullock,
S.H. (2000: 47–49); Bullock, S.H. (2002: 496); Durán, E., et al. (2002: 439); Salimena, F.R.G. (2002:
121–125); Peralta, S. (2008: 40); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Lamiaceae
Salvia mcvaughii Bedolla, Lara Cabrera & Zamudio, Acta Bot. Mex. 95: 53–56. f. 1, 3–4. (Apr) 2011.—T:
México: Morelos: Municipio de Tlaquiltenango, 8 km al
suroeste de San José Pala, selva baja caducifolia secundaria, presencia de leguminosas y burseras, 9 Octubre
1984, R. Rendón 476 (HT: MEXU-00388446 ). — Ipni.
org. The International Plant Name Index .
Orchidaceae
Habenaria macvaughiana R.González, Bol. Inst. Bot.
Univ. Guadalajara 3(1–3): 64–67. f. 3. (7 Feb) 1997
(como “1995”).—T: México: Michoacán: Pie del Cerro
Cacique por Nicolás Romero, 2 km al sudeste de Zitácuaro, en bosque mesófilo con pino-encino, en ladera
de cerro, elev. 2270 m, 16 Septiembre 1989, M. Ramírez
& R. Torres C. 13028 (HT: IEB). — Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
34
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
LOS TIPOS NOMENCLATURALES DE LOS GÉNEROS Y ESPECIES DEDICADOS A ROGERS MCVAUGH (1909–2009)
Malaxis macvaughiana R.González, Lizb.Hern. &
E.Ramírez, ibugana 15(1–2): 46–48. f. 5. (29 Dec) 2008
(“(19 Dec) 2007”).—T: México: Jalisco: Municipio de
Tequila, en el cerro, elev. 1475 m, 25 Agosto 1990, R.
Ramírez Delgadillo & R. González s.n. (HT: IBUG). —
Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index .
Polystachya mcvaughiana Soto Arenas, Icon. Orchid.
(México), 5–6: t. 642. 2003 (como “2002”).—T: México: Oaxaca: Departamento de Jamiltepec, km 46.7 del
camino Jamiltepec-Santiago Ixtayutla, bosque de pinoencino, elev. 1450–1500 m, 24 Noviembre 1992 (prensado el 9 Dec 1996), M. Soto, R. Jiménez & R. Solano
7553 (HT: AMO; IT: K). — Ipni.org. The International
Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical
Garden .
Iridaceae
Nemastylis mcvaughii Molseed & Cruden, Brittonia
20(3): 235. (1 Jul) 1968.—T: México: Colima: Route
110, ca. 17.5 km SSW of Cd. Colima on Manzanillo road
near km 238, disturbed and non-disturbed areas in tropical deciduous woodland, elev. ca. 500 m, 9 July 1966,
E. Molseed 449 (HT: UC-120434; IT: ICF, GH, MEXU
, K-000363155 , US-00092688). Nombre actual: Nemastylis convoluta Ravenna, Bonplandia (Corrientes),
2: 282, f. 2A. 1968. — Ipni.org. The International Plant
Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden
.
Anthericaceae
Echeandia mcvaughii Cruden, Contr. Univ. Michigan
Herb. 16: 129. (12 May) 1987.—T: México: Jalisco: route
15, ca. 4 km northeast junction route 80, ca. 30 km SW
Guadalajara, elev. 1600 m, 11 August 1968, R. Cruden
1502 (HT: UC; IT: ENCB, F, GH, K, LL, MEXU, MICH1115733 , MO, NY, US, WIS). — Cruden, R.W. (1989:
186); Cházaro Basáñez, M.J. et al. (1994: 278); Todzia, C.A. (1994: 161); Vázquez, J. A. et al. (1995:
274); Cruden, R.W. (1999: 326); Vázquez-García,
J.A. et al. (2004: 165); Espejo, A. y A.R. López-Ferrari (2008: 119); Cruden, R.W. (2009: 251–267); Ipni.
org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org.
Missouri Botanical Garden .
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
35
SERVANDO CARVAJAL Y LUZ MARÍA GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL
Dioscoreaceae
Dioscorea mcvaughii B.G.Schub. in R. McVaugh, Fl.
Novo-Galiciana 15: 369–370. (21 Apr) 1989.—T: México: Nayarit: At the Lago, Santa María del Oro, a short
distance beyond the first view of the lake, 6 October
1963, B.G. Schubert & M. Sousa Sánchez 2021 (HT:
A; IT: GH, MICH). — Cházaro Basáñez, M.J. et al.
(1994: 278); Caddick, L.R. et al. (2002: 123–144);
Vázquez-García, J.A. et al. (2004: 160); Wilkin, P.
et al. (2005: 736–749); Téllez Valdés, O. (2008:
131); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ;
Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
Bromeliaceae
Aechmea mcvaughii L.B.Sm., Phytologia 10(6): 481. t.
1, f. 8–9. (30 Sep) 1964.—T: México: Jalisco: abundant
limestonerocks and on trees, high dense forest dominated by Brosimum, steep mountainside, 8 miles southwest
of Pihuamo, elev. 500–600 m, 6 December 1959, R.
McVaugh & W.N. Koelz 1491 (HT: MICH-1000066A
, 1000066B ; IT: US-00091501). Combinación para
este basónimo: Podaechmea macvaughii (L.B. Sm.) L.B.
Sm. & W.J. Kress, Phytologia 69(4): 271. (Oct) 1990.
Nombre actual: Ursulaea macvaughii (L.B. Sm.) Read
& Baensch, J. Bromeliad Soc. 44(5): 207. 1994. — García Franco, J.G. (1987: 22); McVaugh, R. (1989: 7);
Smith, L.B. & W.J. Kress (1989: 70); Cházaro Basáñez, M.J. et al. (1994: 278); Horres, R. et al. (2007:
33, 36); Espejo, A. y A.R. López-Ferrari (2008: 41);
Lopez-Ferrari, A.R. et al. (2011: 2); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri
Botanical Garden .
Tillandsia macvaughii Espejo & López-Ferr., Acta Bot.
Mex. 72: 53–65. f. 1–2, 3C-D. (1 Jul) 2005.—T: México: Jalisco: Municipio de Jilotlán de los Dolores: alrededores de Jilotlán, rumbo a Pueblo Viejo, 19º 21' 31"
N, 103º 01' 21" W, elev. 800 m, matorral secundario,
A. Espejo, A.R. López-Ferrari, J. Ceja & A. Mendoza R.
6537 (HT: UAMIZ). — González-Astorga, J. et al.
(2004: 550); Espejo, A. y A.R. López-Ferrari (2008:
52); Espejo, A. et al. (2008: 46); Ipni.org. The International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden .
36
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
LOS TIPOS NOMENCLATURALES DE LOS GÉNEROS Y ESPECIES DEDICADOS A ROGERS MCVAUGH (1909–2009)
Commelinaceae
Tradescantia mcvaughii D.R.Hunt, in R. McVaugh, Fl.
Novo-Galiciana 13: 185. (8 Dec) 1993.—T: México: Colima: ca. 25 km southeastern of Manzanillo, southeast
end of Laguna de Cuyutlan, near sea-level, low rocky
bluffs wooded with deciduous Leguminosae, Opuntia,
Cnidoscolus, Pedilanthus, abundant on shaded rocks, 22
July 1957, R. McVaugh 15615 (HT: MICH-1111091 ;
IT: IEB-000024373 ). — Lott, E. J. (2002: 132); Espejo, A. y A.R. López-Ferrari (2008: 52); Ipni.org. The
International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri
Botanical Garden .
Cyperaceae
Carex mcvaughii Reznicek, Syst. Bot. 7(3): 342–344. f.
2. 1982.—T: México: Jalisco: steep pastured hills, about
10 km northwest of San Miguel de la Sierra, [40–50
km airline west of Ayutla], open oak-pine woodland,
with seepage areas on hillsides, elev. 2000 m, 4 April
1965, R. McVaugh 23492 (HT: MICH-1109140 ; IT:
MICH). — Reznicek, A.A. (1990: 291); McVaugh, R.
(1993: 257); Cházaro Basáñez, M.J. et al. (1994:
278); Hernández López, L. (1995: 74); Vázquez, J. A.
et al. (1995: 255); Walter, K.S. & H.J. Gillett (1998:
172); Diego, N. y S. González (2008: 61); Ipni.org. The
International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri
Botanical Garden .
Poaceae
Calamagrostis mcvaughei Sohns, J. Wash. Acad. Sci.
46(12): 382. f. 39–46. 1956.—T: México: Jalisco: Sierra
de Manantlán, 15–20 miles southeast of Autlán, near
Aserradero El Cuartón, steep slopes near summits, in
pine-oak-fir forests, elev. 2500 m, 2 November 1952, R.
McVaugh 13853 (HT: US- 00133178; IT: G-00099277,
K-000308412,
MEXU00114149,
MICH-1108619
, NY-00380351). — McVaugh, R. (1983: 106); Espejo Serna, A. et al., Monocot. Mexic. Sinopsis Floríst.
10: 7–236. 2000; Soreng, R.J. & C.W. Greene (2000:
209); Peterson, P. M. et al. (2004: 312); Ipni.org. The
International Plant Name Index ; Tropicos.org. Missouri
Botanical Garden (“mcvaughii”) .
v
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
37
SERVANDO CARVAJAL Y LUZ MARÍA GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL
Referencias
AL-SHEHBAZ, I.A. & S.L. O’KANE, JR. 2002.
Lesquerella is united with Physaria (Brassicaceae). Novon 12(3):
319–329.
AL-SHEHBAZ, I.A. 2009. Brassicaceae. In
Flora of North America: Magnoliophyta: Salicaceae to Brassicaceae.
Oxford University Press US. 7:
1–797.
ANDERSON, W.R. 1978. Two new species
of Bunchosia from western Mexico.
Contribution of the University of Michigan Herbarium 11(5): 273–276.
ANDERSON, W.R. 1979. Mcvaughia, a New
Genus of Malpighiaceae from Brazil. Taxon 28(1/3): 157–161.
ANDERSON, W.R. 1980. Notes on Mascagnia in South America. Contribution
of the University of Michigan Herbarium 14: 17–23.
ANDERSON, W.R. 1987. Notes on the neotropical Malpighiaceae—II. Contribution of the University of Michigan
Herbarium 16: 55–108.
ANDERSON, W.R. 2009. Rogers McVaugh
30 May 1909–24 September 2009.
Herbarium University of Michigan
[publicación en línea], disponible
desde Internet en http://herbarium.lsa.umich.edu/news.html
[consultado el 27 de julio de 2011,
17:25:33]
ANDERSON, W.R. & S. CORSO. 2007. Psychoterys, a new genus of Malpighiaceae
from Mexico and Central America.
Contribution of the University of Michigan Herbarium 25: 113–135.
ANÓNIMO. 2009. Rogers McVaugh,
1909–2009.
Jehuite
[publicación en línea], disponible
desde Internet en http://jehui te . blog s po t . m x /2 0 0 9 /0 9 /
rogers-mcvaugh-1909-2009.html
[consultado el 27 de julio de 2011,
17:42:07]
ARREGUÍN-SÁNCHEZ, M.L., R. FERNÁNDEZ
NAVA & A. RODRÍGUEZ JIMÉNEZ. 1996.
Catálogo de los ejemplares tipo de
plantas vasculares del Herbario de
la Escuela Nacional de Ciencias
Biológicas (ENCB), del Instituto
Politécnico Nacional, México. Polibotánica 3: 18–81.
ARREGUÍN-SÁNCHEZ, M.L., A.M. ESCAMILLAAQUINO & R. FERNÁNDEZ-NAVA. 2003.
Adiciones de ejemplares tipo de
plantas vasculares depositados en
el Herbario de la Escuela Nacional
38
de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto
Politécnico Nacional, México. Polibotánica 16: 113–124.
AUSTIN, D.F. & Z. HUAMÁN. 1996. A synopsis of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) in
the Americas. Taxon 45(1): 3–38.
AYERS, T. 1987. Four species from western Mexico new to Lobelia (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Brittonia 39(4): 417–422.
AYERS, T.J. 1990. Systematics of Heterotoma (Campanulaceae) and the
evolution of nectar spurs in the
New World Lobelioideae. Systematic Botany 15(2): 296–327.
BAILEY, C.D., I.A. AL-SHEHBAZ & G. RAJANIKANTH. 2007. Generic Limits in
Tribe Halimolobeae and Description of the New Genus Exhalimolobos (Brassicaceae). Systematic
Botany 32(1):140–156.
BAILEY, L.H. 1947. Species studies in
Rubus. Gentes Herbarum 7: 193–
349.
BALICK, M.J., M.H. NEE & D.E. ATHA. 2000.
Checklist of the vascular plants of
Belize. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 85: i–ix, 1–246.
BALLEZA, J. DE J. & J.L. VILLASEÑOR. 2002. La
Familia Asteraceae en el estado de
Zacatecas (México). Acta Botánica
Mexicana 59: 5-69.
BARNEBY, R.C. 1977. Daleae Imagines—
An illustrated revision of Errazurizia Philippi, Psorothamnus Rydberg, Marina Liebmann, and Dalea
Lucanus emend. Barneby, including all species of Leguminosae tribe Amorpheae Borissova ever referred to Dalea. Memoirs of the New
York Botanical Garden 27: 1-891.
BARRIE, F.R. 2005. Thirty-Five New Species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from
Mesoamerica. Novon 15(1): 4–49.
BEDOLLA-GARCÍA, B.Y., S.I. LARA-CABRERA
& S. ZAMUDIO. 2011. Dos nuevas especies de Salvia (Lamiaceae) del
centro occidente de México. Acta
Botánica Mexicana 95: 51–63.
BELIZ, T. 1986. A revision of Cuscuta section Cleistogrammica using phenetic and cladistic analyses with a comparison of reproductive mechanisms
and host preferences in species from
California, Mexico, and Central
America. Ph.D. thesis, University
of California, Berkeley, CA.
BENZ, B.F., F. SANTANA M., R. PINEDA L., J.
CEVALLOS E., L. ROBLES H. & D. DE NIZ L.
1994. Characterization of mestizo
plant use in the Sierra de Manantlán, Jalisco-Colima, México. Journal of Ethnobiology 14(1): 23–41.
BLANCO FERNÁNDEZ DE CALEYA, P., A. ESPEJO SERNA & A.R. LÓPEZ-FERRARI. 2010.
Catálogo del herbario de la real expedición botánica de Nueva España,
1787—1803, conservado en el Real
Jardín Botánico de Madrid. Consejo
Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), España. 687 pp.
BORNSTEIN, A.J. 1989. Taxonomic studies
in the Piperaceae - I. The pedicellate pipers of Mexico and Central
America (Piper subgen. Arctottonia). Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 70(1): 1–55.
BREEDLOVE, D.E. 1986. Listados Florísticos de México. IV. Flora de Chiapas.
Instituto de Biología, Universidad
Nacional Autónoma de México.
246 pp.
BULLOCK, S.H. 1985. Breeding Systems in
the Flora of a Tropical Deciduous
Forest in Mexico. Biotropica 17(4):
287–301.
BULLOCK, S.H. 1990. Abundance and
Allometrics of Vines and SelfSupporting Plants in a Tropical Deciduous Forest. Biotropica 22(1):
106–109.
BULLOCK, S.H. 2000. Developmental
Patterns of Tree Dimensions in a
Neotropical Deciduous Forest. Biotropica 32(1): 42–52.
BULLOCK, S.H. 2002. La fenología de plantas en Chamela. pp. 491–498. En:
Noguera, F.A., J.H. Vega Rivera,
A.N. García Aldrete & M. Quezada Avendaño. Historia natural de
Chamela. Instituto de Biología de
la Universidad Nacional Autónoma
de México. 568 pp.
BULLOCK, S.H. & J.A. SOLIS-MAGALLANES.
1990. Phenology of Canopy Trees
of a Tropical Deciduous Forest in
Mexico. Biotropica 22(1): 22–35.
BYE, R., L. CERVANTES & B. RENDÓN. 2002.
Etnobotánica de la región de Chamela, Jalisco, México. pp. 545–560.
En: Noguera, F.A., J.H. Vega Rivera, A.N. García Aldrete & M. Quezada Avendaño. Historia natural de
Chamela. Instituto de Biología de la
Universidad Nacional Autónoma
de México. 568 pp.
CADDICK, L.R., P.J. RUDALL, P. WILKIN, T.A.J.
HEDDERSON & M.W. CHASE. 2002.
Phylogenetics of Dioscoreales based on combined analyses of mor-
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
LOS TIPOS NOMENCLATURALES DE LOS GÉNEROS Y ESPECIES DEDICADOS A ROGERS MCVAUGH (1909–2009)
phological and molecular data.
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 138(2): 123–144.
CAMERON, K.M., M.W. CHASE, W.R. ANDERSON & H.G. HILLS. 2001. Molecular
systematics of Malpighiaceae: Evidence from plastid rbcL and matK
sequences. American Journal of Botany 88(10): 1847–1862.
CAMPOS-RÍOS, M.G. 2008. Boragináceas
(Dicotiledóneas). pp. 19–31. En:
Ocegueda, S. & J. Llorente-Bousquets (Coords.). Catálogo taxonómico de especies de México, en
Capital natural de México, vol. I:
Conocimiento actual de la biodiversidad. Conabio. México, CD1.
CALVIN, C.L. & C.A. WILSON. 2006. Comparative morphology of epicortical
roots in Old and New World Loranthaceae with reference to root
types, origin, patterns of longitudinal extension and potential for
clonal growth. Flora - Morphology,
Distribution, Functional Ecology of
Plants 201(1): 51–64.
CARRANZA GONZÁLEZ, E. 2005. Conocimiento actual de la flora y la diversidad Vegetal del estado de Guanajuato, México. Flora del Bajío y
de Regiones Adyacentes. Fascículo
Complementario 21: 1–23.
CARRANZA GONZÁLEZ, E. 2008. Convolvuláceas (Dicotiledóneas). pp. 79–84.
En: Ocegueda, S. & J. LlorenteBousquets (Coords.). Catálogo
taxonómico de especies de México,
en Capital natural de México, vol. I:
Conocimiento actual de la biodiversidad. Conabio. México, CD1.
CARVAJAL, S. 1981. Notas sobre la flora
fanerogámica de Nueva Galicia, II.
Phytologia 49(3): 185–196.
CARVAJAL, S. 1986. Notas sobre la flora
fanerogámica de Nueva Galicia, III.
Phytologia 59(2): 127–147.
CARVAJAL, S. & R. MCVAUGH. 1992. Pinus. 17: 32–100. Gymnosperms
and Pteridophytes. pp. 1–467. In:
McVaugh, R. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
The University of Michigan, Ann
Arbor.
CASTELLANOS, A.E., H.A. MOONEY, S.H. BULLOCK, C. JONES & R. ROBICHAUX. 1989.
Leaf, Stem, and Metamer Characteristics of Vines in a Tropical Deciduous Forest in Jalisco, Mexico.
Biotropica 21(1): 41–49.
CASTILLO-CAMPOS, G. & H. NARAVE. 1992.
Contribución al conocimiento
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
de la vegetación de la reserva de
la biosfera Montes Azules, Selva
Lacandona, Chiapas, México. En:
Vásquez-Sánchez, M.A. & M.A.
Ramos (Eds.). 1992. Reserva de
la biosfera Montes Azules, Selva
Lacandona: Investigación para su
conservación. Ecosfera 1: 51-85.
CASTRO-LARA, J.M. 2008. Cuscutáceas
(Dicotiledóneas). pp. 84–85. En:
Ocegueda, S. & J. Llorente-Bousquets (Coords.). Catálogo taxonómico de especies de México, en
Capital natural de México, vol. I:
Conocimiento actual de la biodiversidad. Conabio. México, CD1.
CERVANTES, A. & H. FLORES OLVERA. 2005.
Six new Mexican species of Bernardia (Euphorbiaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society
149(2): 241–256.
CHALLIS, K.M. & R.A. DAVIES. (COMP.).
2002. Names of seed-bearing plants
at the rank of family and below published between january 1996 and
the end of 2000 with some omissions
from earlier years [Index Kewensis
plantarum phanerogamarum: nomina et synonyma omnium generum
et specierum a Linnaeo usque ad
annum 1885 complectens nomine
recepto auctore patria unicuique
plantae subjectis. Royal Botanic
Gardens, Kew. 376 pp.
CHÁZARO BASÁÑEZ, M. 2002. Antología botánica del occidente de México. Universidad de Guadalajara, Departamento de Geografía y Ordenación
Territorial. 184 pp.
CHÁZARO BASÁÑEZ, M., J.A. MACHUCA N. &
S. CARVAJAL. 1992. «Notas sobre las
cactáceas y otras suculentas del
Cerro Viejo y áreas circunvecinas,
Jalisco (México). Cactáceas y Suculentas Mexicanas 37: 64–70.
CHÁZARO BASÁÑEZ, M.J., R. ACEVEDO ROSAS,
E. LOMELÍ MIJES & R.M. PATINO BELTRÁN.
1994. La Flora Novo-Galiciana y
Rogers McVaugh. Fontqueria 39:
263–279.
CHÁZARO BASÁÑEZ, M.J. & B.L. MOSTUL.
2009. Notas misceláneas sobre
Euphorbia macvaughii (Euphorbiaceae). Boletín de la Sociedad Latinoamericana y del Caribe de Cactáceas y otras Suculentas 6(2): 23–25.
CHÁZARO BASÁÑEZ, M.J., B.L. MOSTUL &
F. GARCÍA LARA. 2010. Los copales
mexicanos (Bursera spp.). Bouteloua 7: 57–70.
CHRISTENHUSZ, M.J.M., X.-C. ZHANG & H.
SCHNEIDER. 2011. A linear sequence
of extant families and genera of
lycophytes and ferns. Phytotaxa 19:
7–54.
CHRISTENHUSZ, M.J.M., J.L. REVEAL, A. FARJON, M.F. GARDNER, R.R. MILL & M.W.
CHASE. 2011. A new classification
and linear sequence of extant gymnosperms. Phytotaxa 19: 55–70.
CONABIO. 2008. Dicotiledóneas. En: Ocegueda, S. & J. Llorente-Bousquets
(Coords.). Catálogo taxonómico de
especies de México, en Capital natural de México, vol. I: Conocimiento
actual de la biodiversidad. Conabio.
México, CD1. 289 pp.
CONSTANCE, L. 1987. Neogoezia (Apiaceae), a very distinct and elegant
genus of Mexican Umbelliferae.
Opera Botanica 92: 59–71.
CONTRERAS, J.L. & G.P. LEWIS. 1992. A new
species of Caesalpinia (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae) from Mexico. Kew Bulletin 47(2): 309–313.
CORREA A., M.D., C. GALDAMES & M.N.S.
STAPF. 2004. Catálogo de las Plantas Vasculares de Panamá: 1–599.
Smithsonian Tropical Research
Institute, Panama.
CORRELL, D.S. & M.C. JOHNSTON. 1970. Manual of the vascular plants of Texas:
i–xv, 1–1881. The University of
Texas at Dallas, Richardson.
COSTEA M., G.L. NESOM & S. STEFANOVIć.
2006. Taxonomy of the Cuscuta
pentagona complex (Convolvulaceae) in North America. Sida 22:
151–175.
COSTEA, M., F. AISTON & S. STEFANOVIć.
2008. Species delimitation, phylogenetic relationships, and two new
species in the Cuscuta gracillima
complex (Convolvulaceae). Botany
86(7): 670–681.
CRAWFORD, D. 1969. A new species of Coreopsis (Compositae) from México.
Brittonia 21(4): 353–354.
CRUDEN, R.W. 1987. New species of
Echeandia (Liliaceae) from Nueva
Galicia. Contribution of the University of Michigan Herbarium 16: 129133.
CRUDEN, R.W. 1989. Echeandia Ortega.
15: 178–197. In: McVaugh, R. Flora Novo-Galiciana. Bromeliaceae to
Dioscoreaceae. pp. 1-398. The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
CRUDEN, R.W. 1999. A New Subgenus
and Fifteen New Species of Echean-
39
SERVANDO CARVAJAL Y LUZ MARÍA GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL
dia (Anthericaceae) from Mexico
and the United States. Novon 9(3):
325–338.
CRUDEN, R.W. 2009. A Synopsis of South
American Echeandia (Anthericaceae). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 96(2): 251–267.
CUEVAS-ARIAS, C.T., O. VARGAS & A. RODRÍGUEZ. 2008. Solanaceae diversity in
the state of Jalisco, Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 79:
67–79.
CUEVAS GUZMÁN, R., T. CORREA C. & N.M.
NÚÑEZ L. 1995. Plantas cultivadas
en la Sierra de Manantlán, JaliscoColima, México. pp. 82–88. En:
Vázquez, J.A., R. Cuevas, T.S. Cochrane, H.H. Iltis, F.J. Santana & L.
Guzmán. Flora de Manantlán. Sida,
Botanical Miscellany 13: 1-312.
CUEVAS GUZMÁN, R. & J. RZEDOWSKI. 1999.
Una especie nueva de Bursera
(Burseraceae) del Occidente de
México. Acta Botánica Mexicana
46: 77–81.
DAVIDSE, G., M. SOUSA SÁNCHEZ, S. KNAPP &
F. CHIANG CABRERA. (EDS.) 2009. Cucurbitaceae a Polemoniaceae. Flora
Mesoamericana 4(1): 1–855.
DANIEL, T.F. 1980. Carlowrightia
mcvaughii: a polymorphic species
from Southwestern Mexico. Contribution of the University of Michigan Herbarium 14: 57–60.
DANIEL, T.F. 1981. Mexacanthus, a New
Genus of Acanthaceae from Western México. Systematic Botany
6(3): 288–293.
DANIEL,
T.F.
1983.
Carlowrightia
(Acanthaceae). Flora Neotropica
34: 1–115.
DANIEL, T.F. 1986. Systematics of Tetramerium (Acanthaceae). Systematic
Botany Monographs 12: 1–134.
DANIEL, T.F. 1988. Taxonomic, nomenclatural, and reproductive notes
on Carlowrightia (Acanthaceae).
Brittonia 40(3): 245–255.
DANIEL, T.F. 1990. New, reconsidered,
and little-known Mexican species
of Ruellia (Acanthaceae). Contribution of the University of Michigan
Herbarium 17: 139–162.
DANIEL, T.F. 1990. New and reconsidered
Mexican Acanthaceae, IV. Proceedings of the California Academy of
Sciences, series 4, 46(12): 279–287.
DANIEL, T.F., B.D. PARFITT & M.A. BAKER.
1984. Chromosome Numbers and
Their Systematic Implications in
40
Some North American Acanthaceae. Systematic Botany 9(3): 346–
355.
DANIEL, T.F. & T.I. CHUANG. 1993. Chromosome Numbers of New World
Acanthaceae. Systematic Botany
18(2): 283–289.
DANIEL, T.F., J. PER-HENRIK HOLMQVIST & M.
MANKTELOW. 2005. Wing pollination
by bees in Mexacanthus (Acanthaceae)? Acta Botánica Mexicana 71:
11–17.
DAVIS, C.C., W.R. ANDERSON & M.J. DONOGHUE. 2001. Phylogeny of Malpighiaceae: evidence from chloroplast ndhF and trnL-F nucleotide
sequences. American Journal of Botany 88(10): 1830–1846.
DAVIS, C.C., P.W. FRITSCH, C.D. BELL & S.
MATHEWS. 2004. High-latitude tertiary migrations of an exclusively
tropical clade: Evidence from Malpighiaceae. International Journal of
Plant Sciences 165(4): 107–121.
DEBANO, L.F. 1999. Biodiversity and the
Management of the Madrean Archipelago: The Sky Islands of Southwestern United States and Northwestern
Mexico. DIANE Publishing. 669 pp.
Ilustrado.
DEHGAN, B. & G.L. WEBSTER. 1978. Three
new species of Jatropha (Euphorbiaceae) from Western Mexico.
Madroño 25(1): 30–39.
DEHGAN, B. 1982. Novel jatrophas for
Florida landscapes. Proceedings of
the Florida State Horticultural Society 95: 277–280.
DELGADO-SALINAS, A. 2000. New Species
of Mexican Phaseolus (Fabaceae).
Systematic Botany 25(3): 414–436.
DELGADO-SALINAS, A., T. TURLEY, A. RICHMAN & M. LAVIN. 1999. Phylogenetic Analysis of the Cultivated and
Wild Species of Phaseolus (Fabaceae). Systematic Botany 24(3):
438–460.
DELGADO-SALINAS, A., R. BIBLER & M. LAVIN. 2006. Phylogeny of the Genus
Phaseolus (Leguminosae): A Recent Diversification in an Ancient
Landscape. Systematic Botany
31(4): 779–791.
DÍAZ-BARRIGA, H. & M. PALACIOS-RÍOS.
1992. Lista preliminar de especies de
Pteridófitas de los estados de Guanajuato, Michoacán y Querétaro,
México. Flora del Bajío y Regiones
Adyacentes. Fascículo Complementario III. 57 pp.
DIEGO, N. & S. GONZÁLEZ. 2008. Ciperáceas (Monocotiledóneas). pp. 56–
91. En: Ocegueda, S. & J. Llorente-Bousquets (Coords.). Catálogo
taxonómico de especies de México,
en Capital natural de México, vol. I:
Conocimiento actual de la biodiversidad. Conabio. México, CD1.
DIGGS, G.M. 1988. New Subspecies in
Comarostaphylis discolor (Ericaceae, Arbuteae) from Jalisco, México. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical
Club 115(3): 203–208.
DIGGS, G.M. 1995. IV. Ericaceae subfamily Vaccinioideae p.p. 10. Arctostaphylos Adanson; 11. Comarastaphylis Zuccarini. Flora Neotropica
66: 133–193.
DOWNIE, S.R., D.S. KATZ-DOWNIE, F.-J.
SUN & C.-S. LEEA. 2008. Phylogeny
and biogeography of Apiaceae
tribe Oenantheae inferred from
nuclear rDNA ITS and cpDNA
psbl–5’trnK(UUU) sequences, with
emphasis on the North American
Endemics clade. Botany 86(9):
1039–1064.
DOYLE, J.J. & M.A. LUCKOW. 2003. The
Rest of the Iceberg. Legume Diversity and Evolution in a Phylogenetic Context. Plant Physiology
131(3): 900–910.
DURÁN, E., P. BALVANERA, E. LOTT, G. SEGURA,
A. PÉREZ-JIMÉNEZ, Á. ISLAS & M. FRANCO. 2002. Estructura, composición
y dinámica de la vegetación. pp.
443–472. En: Noguera, F.A., J.H.
Vega Rivera, A.N. García Aldrete
& M. Quezada Avendaño. Historia
natural de Chamela. Instituto de
Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. 568 pp.
EAMUS, D. & L. PRIOR. 2001. Ecophysiology of trees of seasonally dry
tropics: Comparisons among phenologies. Advances in Ecological Research 32: 113–197.
EGGLI, U. & H.E.K. HARTMANN. 2002. Asclepiadaceae, Illustrated handbook
of succulent plants. Ed. Springer 3:
1–318.
ESPEJO SERNA, A. & A.R. LÓPEZ FERRARI.
2005. Una nueva especie de Tillandsia (Bromeliaceae) del occidente de México. Acta Botánica
Mexicana 72: 53–64.
ESPEJO, A. & A.R. LÓPEZ-FERRARI. 2008. Monocotiledóneas. En: Ocegueda, S.
& J. Llorente-Bousquets (Coords.).
Catálogo taxonómico de especies de
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
LOS TIPOS NOMENCLATURALES DE LOS GÉNEROS Y ESPECIES DEDICADOS A ROGERS MCVAUGH (1909–2009)
México, en Capital natural de México, vol. I: Conocimiento actual de
la biodiversidad. Conabio. México,
CD1. Pp. 1–149.
ESPEJO, A., A.R. LÓPEZ-FERRARI & W. TILL.
2008. Dos nuevas especies de Tillandsia (Bromeliaceae) de México.
Acta Botánica Mexicana 85: 45–62.
ESTRADA-CASTILLÓN, E., E. JURADO, J.J. NAVARA, J. JIMÉNEZ-PÉREZ & F. GARZA-OCAÑAS.
2003. Plant Associations of Cumbres de Majalca National Park, Chihuahua, México. The Southwestern
Naturalist 48(2): 177–187.
FARJON, A.K. & B.T. STYLES. 1997. Pinus
(Pinaceae). Flora Neotropica 75:
1–291.
FARJON, A.K., J.A. PÉREZ DE LA ROSA & B.T.
STYLES. 1997. Guía de campo de los
pinos de México y América Central.
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 151
pp.
FELGER, R.S., M.B. JOHNSON & M.F. WILSON.
2001. The trees of Sonora, México.
Oxford University Press US. 391
pp.
FERNÁNDEZ NAVA, R., C. RODRÍGUEZ JIMÉNEZ,
M.L. ARREGUÍN SÁNCHEZ & A. RODRÍGUEZ
JIMÉNEZ. 1998. Listado florístico de
la cuenca del Río Balsas, México.
Polibotánica 9: 1–151.
FISHBEIN, M., R. FELGER & F. GARZA. 1995.
Another jewel in the crown: A report on the flora of the Sierra de los
Ajos, Sonora, Mexico. pp. 126–134.
In: DeBano, L.F., P.F. Folliott, A.
Ortega-Rubio, G.J. Gottfried, R.H.
Hamre & C.B. Edminster (Coords.)
Biodiversity and management of the
Madrean Archipelago: the Sky Islands of Southwestern United States
and Northern Mexico. General Technical Report. RM-GTR-264. Fort
Collins, CO: U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky
Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station.
FRAGOSO, R. 2008. Ericáceas (Dicotiledóneas). pp. 125–129. En: Ocegueda, S. & J. Llorente-Bousquets
(Coords.). Catálogo taxonómico de
especies de México, en Capital natural de México, vol. I: Conocimiento
actual de la biodiversidad. Conabio.
México, CD1.
FREYTAG, G.F. & D.G. DEBOUCK. 2002.
Taxonomy, distribution, and ecology of the genus Phaseolus (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) in North America, Mexico and Central
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
America. Sida, Botanical Miscellany
23: i–xviii, 1–300.
FORZZA, R.C. 2010. 2010 Lista de espécies Flora do Brasil [publicación en
línea], disponible desde el Internte
en <http://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.
br/2010/>. [consultado el 02 de
agosto de 2011, 11:05:37]
FRYXELL, P.A. 1973. A revision of Robinsonella Rose & E.G. Baker (Malvaceae). Gentes Herbarum 11(1):
1–26.
FRYXELL, P.A. 1976. Mexican species of
Abutilon sect. Armata (Malvaceae), including descriptions of
three new species. Madroño 23(6):
320–334.
FRYXELL, P.A. 1988. Malvaceae of Mexico.
Systematic Botany Monographs 25:
1–522.
FRYXELL, P.A. 2001. Malvaceae. 3: 160–
305. Ochnaceae to Loasaceae. 751
pp. In: McVaugh, R. Flora NovoGaliciana. The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
FUNK, V.A., P.E. BERRY, S. ALEXANDER, T.H.
HOLLOWELL & C.L. KELLOFF. 2007.
Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas,
Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana,
Surinam, French Guiana). Contributions from the US National Herbarium 55: 1–584.
GARCÍA-ALDRETE, A.N. & R. AYALA (EDS.).
2004. Artrópodos de Chamela. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. México. pp. 193–219.
GARCÍA FRANCO, J.G. 1987. Las bromelias
de México: revisión bibliográfica y de
herbario. Publicación técnica. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones
sobre Recursos Bióticos. 94 pp.
GARCÍA-MENDOZA, A., P. TENORIO LEZAMA &
J. REYES SANTIAGO. 1994. El endemismo en la flora fanerogámica de La
Mixteca Alta, Oaxaca-Puebla, México. Acta Botánica Mexicana 27:
53–73.
GARCÍA-MENDOZA, A.J., M.J. ORDÓÑEZ & M.
BRIONES-SALAS (COORDS.). 2004. Biodiversidad de Oaxaca. Instituto de
Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. 605 pp.
GONZÁLEZ-ASTORGA, J., A. CRUZ-ANGÓN, A.
FLORES-PALACIOS & A.P. VOVIDES. 2004.
Diversity and Genetic Structure
of the Mexican Endemic Epiphyte Tillandsia achyrostachys E.Morr.
ex Baker var. achyrostachys (Bro-
meliaceae). Annals of Botany 94:
545–551.
GONZÁLEZ TAMAYO, R. 1997. Algunas especies nuevas de Habenaria con
flores verdes en México. Boletín del
Instituto de Botánica de la Universidad de Guadalajara 3(1–3): 53–86.
GONZÁLEZ TAMAYO, R., L. HERNÁNDEZ & E.
RAMÍREZ. 2008. Algunas novedades
del género Malaxis (Orchidaceae)
en el occidente de México. ibugana
15(1–2): 35–65.
GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL, L.M. 1990. Comarostaphylis macvaughii stat. nov.,
una Ericaceae Mexicana, elevada
a nivel de especie. Acta Botánica
Mexicana 9: 31–36.
GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL, L.M. 1990. Las ericáceas de Jalisco, México. Colección
Flora de Jalisco, vol. 2. Instituto de
Botánica, Universidad de Guadalajara. 140 pp.
GONZÁLEZ TAMAYO, R. 1997 (“1995”). Algunas especies nuevas de Habenaria
con flores verdes en México. Boletín del Instituto de Botánica de la
Universidad de Guadalajara 3(1–3):
53–86.
GRANDTNER, M.M. 2005. Elsevier’s dictionary of trees: with names in Latin,
English, French, Spanish and other
languages. Elsevier. 1493 pp.
GRASHOFF, J.L. 1974. Novelties in Stevia
(Compositae: Eupatorieae). Brittonia 26(4): 347–384.
HERNÁNDEZ-L., L. 1995. La flora endémica
de la Sierra de Manantlán, JaliscoColima, México: observaciones preliminares. pp. 72–81. En: Vázquez,
J.A., R. Cuevas, T.S. Cochrane, H.H.
Iltis, F.J. Santana & L. Guzmán.
1995. Flora de Manantlán. Sida, Botanical Miscellany 13: 1–312.
HERNÁNDEZ-L., L. 1995. The endemic flora
of Jalisco, Mexico. Centers of endemism and implications for conservation. Thesis of Master of Science.
Institute of Environmental Studies.
University of Wisconsin-Madison.
76 pp.
HERNÁNDEZ PACHECO, C.E. 2011. Determinación de la actividad alelopática de Eupatorium cardiophyllum
B.L.Rob. Tesis de Lic. en Biología.,
Facultad de Biología, Universidad
Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo. 85 pp.
HOKCHE, O., P.E. BERRY & O. HUBER. 2008.
Nuevo catálogo de la flora vascular
de Venezuela: 1–860. Fundación
41
SERVANDO CARVAJAL Y LUZ MARÍA GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL
Instituto Botánico de Venezuela,
Caracas, Venezuela.
HOLMGREN, N. 1976. Four new species of
Mexican Castilleja (Subgenus Castilleja, Scrophulariaceae) and their
relatives. Brittonia 28(2): 195–208.
HOLST, B.K. 2002. New species and notes on Myrtaceae from northern
South America. Selbyana 23(2):
137–180.
HOLUB, J. 1977. New Names in Phanerogamae 6. Folia Geobotanica et
Phytotaxonomica 12(4): 417–432.
HORRES, R., K. SCHULTE, K. WEISING & G.
ZIZKA. 2007. Systematics of Bromelioideae (Bromeliaceae) – evidence from molecular and anatomical
studies. Aliso 23: 27–43.
HUERTA-MARTÍNEZ F.M., E. GARCÍA-MOYA,
J.L. FLORES-FLORES & EU. PIMIENTA-BARRIOS. 1999. Ordenación de poblaciones silvestres de pitayo y cardón
en la Cuenca de Sayula, Jalisco. Boletín de la Sociedad Botánica de México 64: 11–24.
HUNT, D.R. 1993. Commelinaceae,
13: 130–201. Limnocharitaceae
to Typhaceae. pp. 1–462. In:
McVaugh, R. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
The University of Michigan, Ann
Arbor.
ICKERT-BOND, S.M. & D.J. PINKAVA. 2001.
Vascular Plant Types in the Arizona State University Herbarium.
Sida 19(4): 1039–1059.
IPNI. 2012. Author Query. The International Plant Name Index [publicación en línea], disponible desde Internet en http://www.ipni.org:80/
ipni/authorsearchpage.do
[consultado en diferentes momentos de
2011 y 2012]
IRELAND, H.E., G.C. KITE, N.C. VEITCH, M.W.
CHASE, B. SCHRIRE, M. LAVIN, J. LINARES
& R.T. PENNINGTON. 2010. Biogeographical, ecological and morphological structure in a phylogenetic
analysis of Ateleia (Swartzieae,
Fabaceae) derived from combined
molecular, morphological and chemical data. Botanical Journal of the
Linnean Society 162(1): 39–53.
IZQUIERDO, L.Y. 1995. Estructura y variación genética en cuatro especies
de Aechmea (Bromeliaceae) en
México: A. mexicana (Barker), A.
lueddemanniana (K. Koch) Grogn.
ex Mez in Engl., A. macvaughii L.B.
Smith y A. tuitensis P. Magaña & E.
Lott. PhD Thesis, Centro de Ecolo-
42
gía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE ECOLOGÍA (MÉXICO).
2000. Programa de manejo de la
Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de Manantlán, México. Instituto Nacional
de Ecología, Semarnap. 201 pp.
ICBN. 2006. (Véase McNeill, J. et al.).
JOHNSTON, M.C. 1975. Studies of the Euphorbia species of the Chihuahuan
Desert region and adjacent areas.
Wrightia 5: 120–143.
JOHNSTON, M.C. & L.A. JOHNSTON. 1978.
Rhamnus. Flora Neotropica 20:
1–96.
JONES, JR., S.B. 1973. Revision of Vernonia
Section Eremosis (Compositae) in
North America. Brittonia 25(2):
86–115.
JUÁREZ-JAIMES, V., L. ALVARADO-CÁRDENAS &
J.L. VILLASEÑOR. 2008. Apocináceas y
Asclepiadáceas (Dicotiledóneas).
En: Ocegueda, S. & J. LlorenteBousquets (Coords.). Catálogo
taxonómico de especies de México,
en Capital natural de México, vol. I:
Conocimiento actual de la biodiversidad. Conabio. México, CD1. Pp.
1–289.
KING, R.M. & H. ROBINSON. 1968. Studies
in the Compositae-Eupatorieae.
XI. Typification of the genera 3(5):
229–342.
KING, R.M. & H. ROBINSON. 1968.
Macvaughiella King & Robinson,
nomen novum for Schaetzellia SchBip., not Klotzsch (Compositae).
Sida 3(4): 282.
KING, R.M. & H. ROBINSON. 1969. Studies
in the Eupatorieae (Compositae).
XVI. A monograph of the genus
Decachaeta DC. Brittonia 21(3):
275–284.
KING, R.M. & H. ROBINSON. 1978. Studies
in the Eupatorieae (Asteraceae).
CLXVIII. Additions to the genus
Ageratina. Phytologia 38(4): 335–
336.
KING, R.M. & H. ROBINSON. 1987. The
genera of the Eupatorieae (Asteraceae). Monographs in Systematic
Botany from the Missouri Botanical
Garden 22: 1–500.
KUIJT, J. 1975. The genus Cladocolea (Loranthaceae). Journal of the Arnold
Arboretum 56(3): [265]–335.
LANDRUM, L.R. 1991. Chamguava: a new
genus of Myrtaceae (Myrtinae)
from Mesoamerica. Systematic Botany 16(1): 21–29.
LANDRUM, L.R. 1992. Mosiera (Myrtaceae) in Mexico and Mesoamerica.
Novon 2(1): 26–29.
LÉPIZ IDELFONSO, R. & R. RAMÍREZ DELGADILLO. 2010. Los parientes silvestres del
frijol común en el occidente de México. Edición de la Universidad de
Guadalajara. 69 pp.
LINARES, J.L. & M. SOUSA. 2007. Nuevo
subgénero de Ateleia (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae: Swartzieae) de
México. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 78(1): 1–9.
LIRA SAADE, R., MA.R. GARCÍA PEÑA & J.L.
VILLASEÑOR. 1996. Catálogo de Ejemplares Tipo del Herbario Nacional
de México (MEXU) III. Compositae. Anales del Instituto de Biología,
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de
México, Serie Botánica 67(2): 385–
417.
LIRA SAADE, R. & I. RODRÍGUEZ-ARÉVALO.
2008. Cucurbitáceas (Dicotiledóneas). pp. 155–164. En: Ocegueda, S & J. Llorente-Bousquets
(Coords.). Catálogo taxonómico de
especies de México, en Capital natural de México, vol. I: Conocimiento
actual de la biodiversidad. Conabio.
México, CD1.
LOMBELLO, R.A. & E.R. FORNI-MARTINS.
2002. Cytogenetics of twelve species of Malpighiaceae A. Jussieu
from southeastern Brazil. Caryologia 55: 241–250.
LOPEZ-FERRARI, A.R., A. ESPEJO-SERNA, J. CEJAROMERO & A. MENDOZA-RUIZ. 2011. Aechmea aenigmatica (Bromeliaceae;
Bromelioideae) una nueva especie
del estado de Oaxaca, México. Acta
Botánica Mexicana 95: 1–9.
LORENCE, D.H. 1999. A nomenclator of
Mexican and Central American
Rubiaceae. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 73: 1–177.
LOTT, E.J. 2002. Lista anotada de las plantas vasculares de Chamela-Cuixmala. pp. 99–136. En: Noguera, F.A.,
J.H. Vega Rivera, A.N. García Aldrete & M. Quezada Avendaño.
Historia natural de Chamela. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. 568
pp.
LUNDELL, C.L. 1963. Studies of the American Myrsinaceae—I. Wrightia 3(5):
77–90.
MACDOUGAL, J.M. 2001. Two new species of Passionflower (Passiflora,
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
LOS TIPOS NOMENCLATURALES DE LOS GÉNEROS Y ESPECIES DEDICADOS A ROGERS MCVAUGH (1909–2009)
Passifloraceae) from Southwestern
Mexico. Novon 11: 69–75.
MACHUCA NÚÑEZ, J.A. 1989. Florística y
ecología de la vegetación fanerogámica de la región septentrional de
Jocotepec, Jalisco (México). Tesis
Ingeniero Agronómo, Universidad
de Guadalajara. 221 pp.
MARTIN, P.S. 1998. Gentry’s Río Mayo
Plants: The Tropical Deciduous Forest & Environs of Northwest Mexico. University of Arizona Press.
558 pp.
MARTÍNEZ, E., C. RAMOS & F. CHIANG. 1994.
Lista Florística de la Lacandona
Chiapas. Boletín de la Sociedad Botánica de México 54: 99–175.
MARTÍNEZ, M. 1994. Identidad de Physalis coztomatl Moç. & Sesse ex Dunal
como el Coztomatl de Francisco
Hernández. Acta Botánica Mexicana 29: 49–54.
MARTÍNEZ, M., V. STEINMANN, J. JIMÉNEZ, A.
CERVANTES, Y. RAMÍREZ & A. RAMÍREZ.
2008. Euforbiáceas (Dicotiledóneas). En: Ocegueda, S. & J. Llorente-Bousquets (Coords.). Catálogo
taxonómico de especies de México,
en Capital natural de México, vol. I:
Conocimiento actual de la biodiversidad. Conabio. México, CD1.
MARTÍNEZ, M., A. RODRÍGUEZ, F. CHIANG &
J.C. MONTERO. 2008. Solanáceas (Dicotiledóneas). En: S. Ocegueda &
J. Llorente-Bousquets (Coords.).
Catálogo taxonómico de especies de
México, en Capital natural de México, vol. I: Conocimiento actual de
la biodiversidad. Conabio. México,
CD1.
MARTÍNEZ GORDILLO, M., R. CRUZ DURÁN, J.F.
CASTREJÓN REYNA, S. VALENCIA ÁVALOS, J.
JIMÉNEZ RAMÍREZ & C.A. RUIZ-JIMÉNEZ.
2004. Flora vascular de la porción
guerrerense de la Sierra de Taxco,
Guerrero, México. Anales del Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Serie
Botánica 75(2): 105–189.
MARZINEK, J., O. DE-PAULA & D. OLIVEIRA.
2010. The ribs of Eupatorieae (Asteraceae): of wide taxonomic value
or reliable characters only among
certain groups? Plant Systematics
and Evolution 285(1): 127–130.
MATHIAS, M.E. & L. CONSTANCE. 1973. New
and reconsidered Mexican Umbelliferae. Contributions from the
University of Michigan Herbarium
11(1): 1–24.
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
MCDONALD, J.A. 1987. Revision of Ipomoea section Exogonium (Choisy)
Griseb. (Convolvulaceae). Brenesia
28: 41–87.
MCPHERSON, G.D. 1980. Eight new species of Ipomoea and Quamoclit
from Mexico. Contributions from
the University of Michigan Herbarium 14: 85–97.
MCNEILL, J., BARRIE, F.R., BURDET, H.M.,
DEMOULIN, V., HAWKSWORTH, D.L., MARHOLD, K., NICOLSON, D.H., PRADO, J.,
SILVA, P.C., SKOG, J.E., WIERSEMA, J.H.
& TURLAND, N.J. (EDS.) 2006. International code of botanical nomenclature (Vienna Code): Adopted by
the Seventeenth International Botanical Congress Vienna, Austria, July
2005. Regnum Vegetabile 146. Ruggell: Gantner.
MCVAUGH, R. 1963. Myrtaceae. Flora
of Guatemala. Fieldiana, Botany
24(7/3): 283–405.
MCVAUGH, R. 1972. Botanical exploration in Nueva Galicia, Mexico, from
1790 to the present time. Contributions from the University of Michigan Herbarium 9(3): 205-357.
MCVAUGH, R. 1983. Gramineae. 14:
1–436. In: McVaugh, R. Flora NovoGaliciana. The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
MCVAUGH, R. 1984. Compositae. 12:
1–1157. In: McVaugh, R. Flora
Novo-Galiciana. The University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor.
MCVAUGH, R. 1987. Leguminosae. 5:
1–786. In: McVaugh, R. Flora NovoGaliciana. The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
MCVAUGH, R. 1989. Bromeliaceae to
Dioscoreaceae. 15: 1–398. In:
McVaugh, R. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
The University of Michigan, Ann
Arbor.
MCVAUGH, R. 1993. Cyperaceae. 13:
225–440. In: McVaugh, R. Flora
Novo-Galiciana. The University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor.
MCVAUGH, R. 1993. Euphorbiae NovoGalicianae revisae. Contributions
from the University of Michigan
Herbarium 19: 207–239.
MCVAUGH, R. 2005. Marcus E. Jones in
Mexico, 1892. Contributions from
the University of Michigan Herbarium 24: 127–172.
MELCHERT, T.E. 1968. Systematic Studies
in the Coreopsidinae: Cytotaxonomy of Mexican and Guatemalan
Cosmos. American Journal of Botany 55(3): 345–353.
MELCHERT, T.E. 1976. Bidens. pp. 193–
214. In: Nash, D.L. & Williams,
L.O. (Eds.), Flora of Guatemala Part XII. Fieldiana, Botany 24(12):
181–361, 503–570.
MÉNDEZ-LARIOS, I. & J.L. VILLASEÑOR RÍOS.
2001. La familia Scrophulariaceae
en México: diversidad y distribución. Boletín de la Sociedad Botánica
de México 69: 101–121.
MERCADO-RUARO, P. & A. DELGADO-SALINAS. 1998. Karyotypic studies on
species of Phaseolus (Fabaceae:
Phaseolinae). American Journal of
Botany 85(1): 1–9.
MICKEL, J. 1980. Nine new elaphoglossums (Elaphoglossaceae) from México. Brittonia 32(3): 334–339.
MICKEL, J.T. 1992. Pteridophytes. 17:
120–431. Gymnosperms and Pteridophytes. 432 pp. In: McVaugh, R.
Flora Novo-Galiciana. The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
MICKEL, J.T. & J.M. BEITEL. 1992. Pteridophytes. 17: 147–149. Gymnosperms and Pteridophytes. 432 pp.
In: McVaugh, R. Flora Novo-Galiciana. The University of Michigan,
Ann Arbor.
MICKEL, J.T. & A.R. SMITH. 2004. The Pteridophytes of Mexico. Memoirs of
the New York Botanical Garden 88:
1–1054.
MICKEL, J.T. & A.R. SMITH. 2008. Pteridofitas. pp. 1–57. En: Ocegueda, S. &
J. Llorente-Bousquets (Coords.).
Catálogo taxonómico de especies de
México, en Capital natural de México, vol. I: Conocimiento actual de
la biodiversidad. Conabio. México,
CD1.
MILLER, J.S. 1986. Cordia macvaughii, A
New Species of Boraginaceae from
Western Mexico. Systematic Botany
11(4): 579–582.
MILLER, J.S. 1987. Two New Species of
Cordia (Boraginaceae) from Central America. Annals of the Missouri
Botanical Garden 74(3): 670–673.
MILLER, J.S., M.S. TAYLOR & E. REMPALA.
2005. Ivan M. Johnston’s Studies in
the Boraginaceae. Monographs in
Systematic Botany from the Missouri
Botanical Garden 101: 1–132.
MILLER, K.I. & L.W. GRADY. 1966. Chromosome numbers in the Euphorbiaceae. Brittonia 18(4): 372–379.
43
SERVANDO CARVAJAL Y LUZ MARÍA GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL
MOLDENKE, H.N. 1962. Notes on new and
noteworthy plants. XXXII. Phytologia 8(8): 85–95.
MOLSEED, E. & R.W. CRUDEN. 1968. A new
species of Nemastylis (Iridaceae)
from México. Brittonia 20(3): 235–
237.
MORALES-QUIRÓS, J.F. 2007. Myrsinaceae.
In: Manual de Plantas de Costa
Rica. Vol. 6. Hammel, B.E., M.H.
Grayum, C. Herrera & N. Zamora
(Eds.). Monographs in Systematic
Botany from the Missouri Botanical
Garden. 111: 692–727.
NESOM, G.L. 1998. Two new species of
Erigeron (Asteraceae: Astereae)
from México. Phytologia 85(4):
288–291.
NESOM, G.L. 1989. Taxonomy of Solidago velutina (Asteraceae: Astereae)
with a new, related species from
México. Phytologia 67(4): 297–
303.
NESOM, G.L. 1990. Studies in the systematics of Mexican and Texan
Grindelia (Asteraceae, Astereae).
Phytologia 68(4): 303–332.
PANERO, J.L. & J.L.VILLASEÑOR. 2008. Asteráceas (Dicotiledóneas). En: Ocegueda, S. & J. Llorente-Bousquets
(Coords.). Catálogo taxonómico de
especies de México, en Capital natural de México, vol. I: Conocimiento
actual de la biodiversidad. Conabio.
México, CD1. 1–168.
PERALTA, S. 2008. Verbenáceas (Dicotiledóneas). En: Ocegueda, S. &
J. Llorente-Bousquets (Coords.).
Catálogo taxonómico de especies de
México, en Capital natural de México, vol. I: Conocimiento actual de
la biodiversidad. Conabio. México,
CD1. 38–42.
PETERSON, P.M., R.J. SORENG & J. VALDÉSREYNA. 2004. Calamagrostis coahuilensis and C. divaricata (Poaceae:
Pooideae: Agrostidinae), two new
species from México. Sida 21(1):
311–320.
PINKAVA, D.J. 1980. Vegetation and flora
of the Bolsón of Cuatro Ciénegas
Region, Coahuila, Mexico. II. Boletín de la Sociedad Botánica de México 39: 107–127.
QUIÑÓNEZ MARTÍNEZ, M., F. GARZA OCAÑAS,
S. ANGUIANO FILIO & S. BERNAL CARRILLO.
2010. Diversidad de hongos comestibles en los bosques de Bocoyna y
Urique del estado de Chihuahua.
Ciencia en la Frontera 8: 29–34.
44
QUIRÓZ-GARCÍA, D.L., E. MARTÍNEZ-HERNÁNDEZ, R. PALACIOS-CHÁVEZ & N.E. GALINDO-MIRANDA. 2001. Nest Provisions
and Pollen Foraging in Three Species of Solitary Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) from Jalisco, Mexico.
Journal of the Kansas Entomological
Society 74(2): 61–69.
REZNICEK, A.A. 1982. Two New Species of Carex (Cyperaceae) from
Southern Mexico. Systematic Botany 7(3): 340–344.
REZNICEK, A.A. 1990. Four new species
of Carex (Cyperaceae) from Mexico, with notes on the Mexican Carex flora. Contributions from the
University of Michigan Herbarium
17: 279–293.
RICKER, M., I. RAMÍREZ-KRAUSS, G. IBARRAMANRÍQUEZ, E. MARTÍNEZ, C.H. RAMOS,
G. GONZÁLEZ-MEDELLÍN, G. GÓMEZ-RODRÍGUEZ, J.L. PALACIO-PRIETO & H.M.
HERNÁNDEZ. 2007. Optimizing conservation of forest diversity: a
country-wide approach in Mexico.
Plant Conservation and Biodiversity
16: 1927–1957.
RICKETSON, J.M. & I.J.J. PIPOLY. 1997. A synopsis of the genus Gentlea (Myrsinaceae) and a key to the genera of
Myrsinaceae in Mesoamerica. Sida
17(4): 697–707.
ROBINSON, H. 1991. A review of the genus Macvaughiella (Eupatorieae:
Asteraceae) with two new species.
Systematic Botany 16(4): 639–643.
ROBSON, N.K.B. 2006. Studies in the
genus Hypericum L. (Clusiaceae).
Section 9. Hypericum sensu lato
(part 3): subsection 1. Hypericum
series 2 Senanensia, subsection 2.
Erecta and section 9b. Graveolentia.
Systematics and Biodiversity 4(1):
19–98.
RODRÍGUEZ-ARÉVALO, I., R. LIRA & I. CALZADA. 2005. A new species of Sicyos L.
(Cucurbitaceae) from Oaxaca, México. Brittonia 57(1): 43–46.
ROGERS, C.M. 1982. Linum mcvaughii, a
new species from Mexico. Contributions from the University of Michigan Herbarium 15: 205–207.
ROGERS, C.M. 1984. Linaceae. 12: 1–58.
In North American Flora, series
2. New York Botanical Garden,
Bronx.
ROJAS ALVARADO, A.F. 2002. New species,
new combinations and new distributions in neotropical species
of Elaphoglossum (Lomariopsida-
ceae). Revista de Biología Tropical
50(3/4): 969–1006.
ROLLINS, R.C. 1950. Studies on some North American Cruciferae. Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of
Harvard University 171: 42–53.
ROLLINS, R.C. 1979. Taxonomic Interpretations of Discontinuities in Flower
Size. Taxon 28(1/3): 23–25.
ROLLINS, R.C. 1993. The Cruciferae of continental North America: systematics
of the mustard family from the Arctic to Panama. Stanford University
Press. 976 pp.
RÖPERT, D. (ED.) 2000- (CONTINUOUSLY UPDATED): Digital specimen images at the
Herbarium Berolinense. - Published on the Internet http://ww2.
bgbm.org/herbarium/default.cfm
[consultado el 05 de septiembre
2012, 15:35:05].
RUDD, V.E. 1972. Two species of Ateleia (Leguminosae) new to North
America. Phytologia 24(2): 120.
RZEDOWSKI, J. & G.C. RZEDOWSKI. 1989.
Rubus macvaughianus sp. n. (Rosaceae), una frambuesa silvestre
de posible interés hortícola. Acta
Botánica Mexicana 5: 1–4.
RZEDOWSKI, J. & G.C. RZEDOWSKI. 2010.
Una especie nueva de Perymenium (Compositae-Heliantheae)
del Estado de México (México).
Acta Botánica Mexicana [en línea].
91: 21–25. 2010. ISSN 0187–7151
[consultado el 15 de junio de 2012,
10:03:12].
RZEDOWSKI, J. 2010. Rogers McVaugh
(1909–2009). Acta Botánica Mexicana 91: 1–7.
SALIMENA, F.R.G. 2002. Novos sinônimos
e tipifições em Lippia sect. Rhodolippia (Verbenaceae). Darwiniana
40(1–4): 121–125.
SÁNCHEZ VELÁSQUEZ, L.R., G. HERNÁNDEZ
VARGAS, M.A. CARRANZA M., M.R. PINEDA LÓPEZ, R. CUEVAS G. & F. ARAGÓN C.
2002. Estructura arbórea del bosque tropical caducifolio usado para
la ganadería extensiva en el norte
de la Sierra de Manantlán, México.
Antagonismo de usos. Polibotánica
13: 25–46.
SCHUBERT,
B.G.
1989.
Dioscorea
mcvaughii. 15: 369–370. In:
McVaugh, R. Flora Novo-Galiciana.
Bromeliaceae to Dioscoreaceae. pp
1-398. The University of Michigan,
Ann Arbor.
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
LOS TIPOS NOMENCLATURALES DE LOS GÉNEROS Y ESPECIES DEDICADOS A ROGERS MCVAUGH (1909–2009)
SCHULTZE, E.-D., H.A. MOONEY, S.H. BULLOCK
& A. MENDOZA. 1988. Water contents
of wood of tropical deciduous forest species during the dry season.
Boletín de la Sociedad Botánica de
México 48: 113–118.
SEBASTIAN, P., H. SCHAEFER, R. LIRA, I.R.H.
TELFORD & S.S. RENNER. 2012. Radiation following long-distance dispersal: the contributions of time,
opportunity and diaspore morphology in Sicyos (Cucurbitaceae).
Journal of Biogeography 39: [en
prensa]
SHERFF, E.E. 1964. Some new or
otherwise noteworthy Coreopsidinae (Compositae) from México.
Brittonia 16(1): 58–73.
SLISH, D.F., H. UEDA, R. ARVIGO, M.J. BALICK.
1999. Ethnobotany in the search
for vasoactive herbal medicines,
Journal of Ethnopharmacology
66(2): 159–165.
SMITH, A.R., K.M. PRYER, E. SCHUETTPELZ,
P. KORALL, H. SCHNEIDER & P.G. WOLF.
2006. A classification for extant
ferns. Taxon 55(3): 705–731.
SMITH, L.B. 1964. Notes on Bromeliaceae, XXII. Phytologia 10(6): 454–
488.
SMITH, L.B. & W.J. KRESS. 1989. New or
restored genera of Bromeliaceae.
Phytologia 66(1): 70–79.
SMITH, L.B. & W.J. KRESS. 1990. New genera of Bromeliaceae. Phytologia
69(4): 271–274.
SOLÓRZANO, S., G. IBARRA-MANRÍQUEZ & K.
OYAMA. 2002. Liana diversity and
reproductive attributes in two tropical forests in Mexico. Biodiversity
and Conservation 11: 197–212.
SOSA, V. 2009. In Memoriam: Roger
[sic] McVaugh. Boletín de la Sociedad Botánica de México 85: 125–
126.
SPALIK, K. & S.R. DOWNIE. 2006. The evolutionary history of Sium sensu lato
(Apiaceae): dispersal, vicariance,
and domestication as inferred from
ITS rDNA phylogeny. American
Journal of Botany 93(5): 747–761.
SPALIK, K., S.R. DOWNIE & M.F. WATSON.
2009. Generic delimitations within
the Sium alliance (Apiaceae tribe
Oenantheae) inferred from cpDNA
rps16-5´trnK(UUU) and nrDNA ITS
sequences. Taxon 58(3): 735–748.
SPELLENBERG, R. 1992. A New Species of
Black Oak (Quercus, subg. Erythrobalanus, Fagaceae) from the Sierra
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
Madre Occidental, México. American Journal of Botany 79(10):
1200–1206.
SPELLENBERG, R., T. LEBGUE & R. CORRAL.
1996. Listados florísticos de México.
XIII. A specimen-based annotated
checklist of the vascular plants of
Parque Nacional “Cascada de Basaseachi” and adjacent areas. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. 72 pp.
SOHNS, E.R. 1956. New grasses from
Mexico. Journal of the Washington
Academy of Sciences 46(12): 376–
388.
SORENG, R.J. & C.W. GREENE. 2003. Calamagrostis. pp. 191–227. In: Soreng
R.J., P.M. Peterson, G. Dadvise,
E.J. Judziewicz, F.O. Zuloaga, T.S.
Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003.
Catalogue of New World Grasses
(Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae.
Contributions from the US National
Herbarium 48: 1–703.
SORENG, R.J., G. DAVIDSE, P.M. PETERSON, F.O.
ZULOAGA, E.J. JUDZIEWICZ, T.S. FILGUEIRAS
& O. MORRONE. 2003 AND ONWARDS.
On-line taxonomic novelties and
updates, distributional additions
and corrections, and editorial
changes since the four published
volumes of the Catalogue of New
World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contributions from the US
National Herbarium vols. 39, 41,
46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.
org/Project/CNWG:. In: Soreng,
R.J. G. Davidse, P.M. Peterson,
F.O. Zuloaga, T.S. Filgueiras, E.J.
Judziewicz & O. Morrone Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
[consultado el 23 de noviembre de
2011, 15:35:05].
SOTUYO, S., J.L. CONTRERAS, A. DELGADOSALINAS & K. OYAMA. 2004. Genetic
diversity and structure of the endemic Caesalpinia hintonii complex
(Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae)
in México. Plant Systematics and
Evolution 247(3): 131–143.
SOTUYO, S. & G.P. LEWIS. 2007. A new species of Caesalpinia from the Río
Balsas Depression, Mexico, and
an updated taxonomic circumscription of the Caesalpinia hintonii
complex (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae: Caesalpinieae: Poincianella Group). Brittonia 59(1): 33–36.
SOTUYO, S., A. DELGADO-SALINAS, M.W. CHASE & K. OYAMA. 2007. Cryptic speciation in the Caesalpinia hintonii
complex (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae) in a seasonally dry
Mexican forest. Annals of Botany
100(6):1307–1314.
SOUSA S., M., M. RICKER & H.M. HERNÁNDEZ. 2003. An index for the tree species of the family Leguminosae in
Mexico. Harvard Papers in Botany
7(2): 381–398.
STEFANOVIć, S., M. KUZMINA & M. COSTEA.
2007. Delimitation of major lineages within Cuscuta subgenus
Grammica (Convolvulaceae) using
plastid and nuclear DNA sequences. American Journal of Botany 94:
568-589.
STEFANOVIć, S. & M. COSTEA. 2008. Reticulate evolution in the parasitic
genus Cuscuta (Convolvulaceae):
over and over again. Botany 86(8):
791–808.
STEINMANN, V.W. 2002. Diversidad y
endemismo de la familia Euphorbiaceae en México. Acta Botánica
Mexicana 61: 61–93.
STEINMANN, V.W. 2005. New Euphorbiaceae from Mexico. II. Contributions
from the University of Michigan
Herbarium 24: 173–187.
STEINMANN, V.W. & J.M. PORTER. 2002.
Phylogenetic Relationships in Euphorbieae (Euphorbiaceae) Based
on ITS and ndhF Sequence Data.
Annals of the Missouri Botanical
Garden 89(4): 453–490.
STEVENS, W.D. 1989 (“1988”). A synopsis of Matelea subg. Dictyanthus
(Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae).
Annals of the Missouri Botanical
Garden 75(4): 1533–1564.
STEVENS, W.D. 2000. New and interesting milkweeds (Apocynaceae,
Asclepiadaceae). Novon 10(3):
242–256.
STEVENS, W.D., A. POOL & O.M. MONTIEL.
2001. Flora de Nicaragua. Monographs in Systematic Botany from
the Missouri Botanical Garden. 85:
i–xlii, 1–2666.
STEYERMARK, J. & T. LASSER. 1981. A new
species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae)
from Venezuela. Brittonia 33(1):
25–27.
STROTHER, J.L. 1999. Compositae - Heliantheae s.l. 5: 1–232. In: Breedlove, D.E. Flora of Chiapas. California
45
SERVANDO CARVAJAL Y LUZ MARÍA GONZÁLEZ-VILLARREAL
Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA.
STROTHER, J.L. & J.L. PANERO. 1994. Chromosome Studies: Latin American
Compositae. American Journal of
Botany 81(6): 770–775.
TAKHTAJAN, A. 2009. Flowering Plants,
2nd Ed. Springer Science. [i-vi], viixlv, 1–871.
TÉLLEZ VALDÉS, O. 1995. Listados Florístico de México. XII. Flora de la Reserva Ecológica Sierra de San Juan, Nayarit, México. Instituto de Biología,
Universidad Nacional Autónoma
de México. 50 pp.
TÉLLEZ VALDÉS, O. 2008. Dioscoreáceas
(Monocotiledóneas). En: Ocegueda, S. & J. Llorente-Bousquets
(Coords.). Catálogo taxonómico de
especies de México, en Capital natural de México, vol. I: Conocimiento
actual de la biodiversidad. Conabio.
México, CD1.
TÉLLEZ, O. & L. RICO. 2008. Leguminosas (Dicotiledóneas). pp. 1–102.
En: Ocegueda, S. & J. LlorenteBousquets (Coords.). Catálogo
taxonómico de especies de México,
en Capital natural de México, vol. I:
Conocimiento actual de la biodiversidad. Conabio. México, CD1.
TÉLLEZ VALDÉS, O. & M. SOUSA S. 1993. Flora del Valle de Tehuacán-Cuicatlán:
Fabaceae Lindley, tribu Sophoreae
Spreng. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. 2: 1–16.
TERRELL, E.E. 1996. A new species of Hedyotis (Rubiaceae) from Jalisco,
Mexico. Novon 6: 128–130.
THIERS, B.M. 2012. Index Herbariorum: A
Global Directory of Public Herbaria and Associated Staff [publicación en línea], disponible desde Internet en <http://sweetgum.nybg.
org/ih/> [consultado en diferentes
momentos de 2011 y 2012].
TODZIA, C.A. 1999. Ten new species of
Tibouchina
(Melastomataceae)
from México. Brittonia 51(3): 255–
279.
TODZIA, C.A. 1994. The University of
Texas Herbaria; Type Register. University of Texas at Austin. Plant
Resources Center. 286 pp.
TRIPP, E.A. 2007. Evolutionary relationships within the species-rich genus
Ruellia (Acanthaceae). Systematic
Botany 32(3): 628–649.
46
TRIPP, E.A., P.S. MANOS & J. SHYKOFF.
2008. Is Floral Specialization an
Evolutionary Dead-End? Pollination System Transitions in Ruellia
(Acanthaceae). Evolution 62(7):
1712–1737.
TURNER, B.L. 1986. A new species of Coreopsis section Pseudoagarista (Asteraceae) from México. Brittonia
38(2): 168–170.
TURNER, B.L. 1987. New species, new
combinations and comments on
Mexican Verbesina (Asteraceae).
Phytologia 63(1): 7–13.
TURNER, B.L. 1990. Ageratina moorei
(Asteraceae: Eupatorieae), a new
species from the state of México,
México. Phytologia 68(2): 95–97.
TURNER, B.L. 1993. New taxa, new combinations,
and
nomenclatural
comments on the genus Acourtia
(Asteraceae, Mutiseae). Phytologia
74(5): 385–413.
TURNER, B.L. 1997. The Comps of Mexico: A systematic account of the
family Asteraceae 1: Eupatorieae.
Phytologia Memoirs 11: 1–272.
UNC HERBARIUM. 2009. Collectors of the
UNC Herbarium. Rogers McVaugh
(30 May 1909–24 Sept. 2009). [publicación en línea], disponible desde Internet en www.herbarium.
unc.edu/collectors/mcvaugh.htm
[consultado el 27 de julio de 2011,
13:25:37].
VARGAS-PONCE, O., M. MARTÍNEZ-DÍAZ &
P.A. DÁVILA-ARANDA. 1999. Physalis
waterfallii (Solanaceae), una especie nueva de los estados de Jalisco
y Michoacán. Acta Botánica Mexicana 48: 21–26.
VARGAS-PONCE, O., M. MARTÍNEZ-DÍAZ &
P. DÁVILA ARANDA. 2003. La familia
Solanaceae en Jalisco – El género
Physalis. Universidad de Guadalajara. 127 pp.
VÁZQUEZ, J.A., R. CUEVAS, T.S. COCHRANE,
H.H. ILTIS, F.J. SANTANA & L. GUZMÁN.
1995. Flora de Manantlán. Sida, Botanical Miscellany 13: 1–312.
VÁZQUEZ-GARCÍA, J.A., M.J. CHÁZARO B.,
G. NIEVES H., Y.L. VARGAS-RODRÍGUEZ,
M. VÁZQUEZ G. & A. FLORES M. 2004.
Flora del Norte de Jalisco y Etnobotánica Huichola. Serie Fronteras
de Biodiversidad 1: 1-185.
VEGA-AVIÑA, R., H. AGUILAR-HERNÁNDEZ,
J.A. GUTIÉRREZ-GARCÍA, J.A. HERNÁNDEZVIZCARRA, I.F. VEGA-LÓPEZ & J.L. VILLASEÑOR. 2000. Endemismo regional
presente en la flora del municipio
de Culiacán, Sinaloa, México. Acta
Botánica Mexicana 53: 1–15.
VILLARREAL Q., J.A. 2001. Listados Florísticos de México. XXIII. Flora de
Coahuila. Instituto de Biología,
Universidad Nacional Autónoma
de México. 138 pp.
VILLARREAL Q., J.A. & J.A. ENCINA-DOMÍNGUEZ. 2005. Plantas vasculares endémicas de Coahuila y algunas áreas
adyacentes, México. Acta Botánica
Mexicana 70: 1–46.
WALTER, K.S. & H.J. GILLETT. 1998. 1997
IUCN red list of threatened plants.
World Conservation Monitoring
Centre. 862 pp.
WARNOCK, M.J. 1987. An index to
epithets treated by King and Robinson: Eupatorieae (Asteraceae).
Phytologia 62(5): 345–431.
WATERFALL, U.T. 1967. Physalis in Mexico,
Central America and the West Indies. Rhodora 69(777): 82–120.
WEBSTER, G.L. 1967 (“1966”). A new
species of Phyllanthus (Euphorbiaceae) from Central America.
Brittonia 18(4): 336–342.
WEBSTER, G.L. 2001. Synopsis of Croton
and Phyllanthus (Euphorbiaceae)
in Western Topical Mexico. Contributions from the University of Michigan Herbarium 23: 353–388.
WEBSTER, G.L. & C.J. BAHRE. 2001. Changing plant life of La Frontera: observations on vegetation in the United
States/Mexico borderlands. University of New Mexico Press. 260 pp.
WELLS, J. 1967. A new species of Polymnia (Compositae: Heliantheae)
from Mexico. Brittonia 19(4): 391–
394.
WENDT, T.L. 2005. Two new species of
Polygala (Polygalaceae) from western Mexico. Lundellia 8: 17–27.
WILBUR, R.L. 1981. Additional Panamanian species of Burmeistera (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Annals
of the Missouri Botanical Garden
68(1): 167–171.
WILBUR, R.L. 1997. Calcaratolobelia
(Campanulaceae): a new genus of
spurred lobelioids from Mexico
and Central America. Sida 17(3):
555–564.
WILKIN, P., P. SCHOLS, M.W. CHASE, K. CHAYAMARIT, C.A. FURNESS, S. HUYSMANS, F.
RAKOTONASOLO, E. SMETS & C. THAPYAI.
2005. A Plastid Gene Phylogeny of
the Yam Genus, Dioscorea: Roots,
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
LOS TIPOS NOMENCLATURALES DE LOS GÉNEROS Y ESPECIES DEDICADOS A ROGERS MCVAUGH (1909–2009)
Fruits and Madagascar. Systematic
Botany 30(4): 736–749.
WILSON, C.A. & C.L. CALVIN. 2006. Character divergences and convergences
in canopy-dwelling Loranthaceae.
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 150(1): 101–113.
WOODSON, J.R.E. 1954. The North American species of Asclepias L. Annals
of the Missouri Botanical Garden
41(1): 1–211.
WURDACK, J.J. 1968. Certamen Melastomataceis XII. Phytologia 16(3):
169–183.
YUNCKER, T.G. 1960. Two new species
of Cuscuta from North America.
Brittonia 12(1): 30–40.
YUNCKER, T.G. 1965. Cuscuta. North American Flora, series 2, 4: 1–51.
ZAMUDIO, S. & R. GALVÁN VILLANUEVA. 2011.
La diversidad vegetal del estado
de Guanajuato, México. Flora del
Bajío y Regiones Adyacentes. Fascículo Complementario XXVII:
1–103.
Rogers McVaugh y Servando Carvajal, el 18
de mayo de 1995, en el herbario del Instituto
de Botánica. Sobre el escritorio, el holótipo de
Euphorbia macvaughii Carvajal.
| JUNIO 29 DE 2012 | VOL. 2 | pp. 3–47
47
Información para los autores
ibugana es una revista internacional en línea, que publica artículos en cualquier aspecto de la botánica
sistemática y que son sometidos a revisión por pares antes de su aceptación. Considera documentos sobre
todos los taxones de organismos tratados en el International Code of Botanical Nomenclature—ICBN
(hongos, líquenes, algas, diatomeas, musgos, hepáticas, antocerotes, y plantas vasculares), tanto vivos como
fósiles. Incluye todos los tipos de taxonomías, los artículos sobre florística y fitogeografía, las teorías y los
métodos de la sistemática y filogenia, monografías taxonómicas, catálogos, biografías y bibliografías, historia de las exploraciones botánicas, guías de identificación, relaciones filogenéticas, las descripciones de
taxones nuevos, tipificación y nomenclatura. Para los documentos que comprendan 60 páginas o más en la
revista, se publicarán en un número especial y se le asignará un ISBN.
ibugana no tiene ningún costo por página y es una publicación de acceso libre. Todos los
manuscritos serán sometidos a revisión por dos o más árbitros anónimos antes de ser aceptados. ibugana
Por el momento
pretende publicar cada documento en un plazo de seis meses después de la aceptación por parte de los
editores. Para hacer esto posible, se aconseja en la preparación de su manuscrito seguir con cuidado los
lineamientos y consultar los números más recientes de ibugana en http://ibugana.cucba.udg.mx.
FERNS
147
the blade glabrous; veins running into the sinuses; sterile segments denticulate; sori
reniform, the indusia 1-1.5 mm wide, glabrous, often whitened; spores tan.
Among those having the leaves 2-3 times pinnate without conform terminal
pinnae, this species is distinguished by the short-stalked pinnules, veins running
into the sinuses, and basal pinnules that overlap the rachis.
Adiantum lunulatum N. L. Bunuan, Fl. lndü:a 235. 1768.
Fig. 20, D.
Terrestrial, on banks near streams, tropical subdeciduous or deciduous forest,
100-1000 m in the foothills and mountains of the Pacific slope.
Sin., Nay., Jal., Col., Mich., Gro., Oax., Chis.; Centr. Amer.; W. Ind.; S.
Amer.; Old World tropics (India, the Malabar Coast, and Java, collector not stated,
G, the lectotype).
Nay., Los Tovares, near San Bias (Knobloch 1640, US); 12-13 mi S of Las
Varas, 1-1.5 mi above La Cucaracha (McVaugh 19197); above the lake NE of Santa
María del Oro (Feddema 780); Jal., Milagro, 10 km NE of Puerto Vallarta, road to
Mascota (Feddema 2580); Mpio. La Huerta, 20-25 km E of Charnela (Rzedowski &
McVaugh 1360); 1-4 km E of Casimiro Castillo (litis et al. 303a, WIS); Col., Mpio.
Comala, Paredes Grandes (Flores 8, IBUG).
Rhizome horizontal, compact, 1-2 mm in diameter; rhizome scales lustrous,
brown, often with a dark brown to black central streak, linear-lanceolate, entire, 34 mm long, 0.3-0.5 mm wide; fronds 16-40 cm long, clumped; stipe one-fifth to
two-fifths the length of the frond, castaneous, glabrous, lustrous; blade once pinnate, linear; pinnae 8-16 pairs, the terminal pinna subconform or the rachis extended, rooting; pinnae alternate, not strongly articulate but the color of the stalk
terminating at the base of the pinna; stalks 20 mm long on the basal pinnae, reduced
tu:; mm ut thc tip uf thc fruml¡ hugc:n pinnuc (1\ thc t>u;;c vf thc frvn!J ~Q-J
mm
wide; pinnae lunate, ftabellate, both surfaces glabrous, the basiscopic margin
straight to concave, the outer (distal) margin incised-lobate, the lo bes rounded;
veins ending in shallow sinuses; sori 1 per lobe, oblong to linear, 2-8 mm long;
indusium glabrous; spores brown.
The rooting apex of the blade of this plant is unique among the species of
Adiantum in Nueva Galicia.
Adiantum mcvaughii Mickel & Beitel, sp. nov., ab A. oaxacano pinnarum
segmentis basalibus vix reductis discretum.
Fig. 22.
Terrestrial in wet tropical subdeciduous forests, often with palms [Orbignya],
Hura, Brosimum, in the Pacific lowlands and foothills, 20-400 m, and from much
higher elevations in eastern Michoacán.
Nay. (Tuxpan, Mexia 1030, MICH, the holotype; NY, isotype), Jal., Mich. The
type-locality was given on the collector's label as Tuxpan, Jalisco.
Nay., 6 mi E of San Bias (Norris & Taranta 13376); Tepic (Lamb 604, NY); 5 mi
W of Las Varas (McVaugh 19018); 12-13 mi S of Las Varas, ca 1-1.5 mi above La
Cucaracha (McVaugh 19196); Jal., Casimiro Castillo, La Cofradía (Maciel s.n.,
GUADA; Villalobos 164, ZEA).
Other specimens seen: Mich., Mpio. C. Hidalgo, Los Azufres, 2900 m (Santos
Martínez 1999, \EB)·,
M~\o.
(Rzedowski 46175, IEB).
7.\na~écu-xo,
Lo<> A.zuhe<>, \.a%una
\.al"~,
'2"1::í() m
148
FLORA NOVO-GALICIANA
FIG. 22. Adiantum mcvaughii. A, habit; B, sterile segment; C, fertile segment; D, stipe scale
(all from McVaugh 19018). Drawn by Bobbi Angell.
FERNS
149
Rhizome short-creeping, 4-7 mm in diameter; rhizome scales dark brown,
lustrous, linear-lanceolate, 1.5-2 mm long, 0.1-0.3 mm wide, sparsely denticulate;
fronds clumped, 41-56 cm long; stipe ca one-half the length of the frond, angled,
lustrous, atropurpureous, with small brown scales up to 2 mm long; blade broadly
ovate, 19-30 cm wide, bipinnate; pinnae 3-5 pairs in addition to the conform
terminal pinna, alternate; terminal pinnules conform; pinnules not much reduced in
size at the bases of the pinnae, the largest pinnule 25-34 mm long; tips of pinnules
rounded, the sides forming nearly a right angle at the base, the adaxial surface
glabrous with 'idioblasts, the abaxial surface with scattered hairs (rarely pectinate
scales) 0.5-0.8 mm long; rachis and rachillae with a mixture of hairs and pectinate
scales; sori on both the acroscopic edge and the outside (distal) edge, several per
segment, 2-4 mm long; indusium glabrous; spores tan.
This species closely resembles A. oaxacanum Mickel & Beitel of Oaxaca (the
presumed hybrid between A. amblyopteridium Mickel & Beitel and A. villosum
L.), but differs in that the basal pinnules of the pinnae are not strongly reduced.
Fig. 21, H-J.
Adiantum pateos Willd. Sp. PI. 5: 439. 1810.
Terrestrial on road banks and in tropical deciduous forest and pine-oak forest,
400-2400 m.
Son., Sin., Dgo., Nay., Jal., Mich., Gro., Méx., Mor., Oax., Chis.; Centr.
Amer.; S. Amer. (Venezuel"a, Caracas, Bredemeyer s. n., B-W 20078!, the holotype,
photo GH!, fragment NY!; W, isotype).
Nay., 15 mi N of Tepic (Boutin 2044); Tepic (Palmer 1940 in 1892, NY); road
from Tepic to Jalcocotán (Mexia 604, NY); Jalisco (Ferris 6821, US); 3 km W of
Mazatán (Rzedowski 17881); El Ceboruco lava flow (Bashor 1197, NY); near lake
NE of Santa María del Oro (Feddema 781); road to Barranca del Oro, 10 mi SE of
Ahuacatlán (Feddema 376); Jal., 4 mi NNE ofTalpa de Allende (McVaugh 20174);
Mpio. La Huerta, Cerro Huehuentón (Rzedowski & McVaugh 1394); 8 mi SW of
La Resolana (McVaugh 21094); 13 mi SSW of Autlán (Wilbur & Wilbur 2362); 11
mi N of bridge of Río Cihuatlán, road from Santiago, Col. (McVaugh 15960); Sierra
del Halo, 2 mi above jet. 7 mi SSW of Tecalitlán (McVaugh 16143); Mpio.
Tamazula, 45 km E of El Aserradero, road to M. M. Diéguez (Rzedowski &
McVaugh 1096); Tonila (M. E. Iones 500 in 1892, US); barranca near Atequizatlán,
lower slope of Nevado de Colima ( Correll 14352, US); 3 mi S of Mazamitla
(McVaugh 13090); hills S of Lake Chapala, 9 km E of Tizapán (McVaugh 15111);
near Chapala (Rose & Painter 7692, US); Río Blanco (Palmer 176 in 1886, US);
Cerro de Amatitán (Estrada et al. 8554); barranca, W of La Quemada (Pennell
19907, US); Mpio. Mezquitic, near San Andrés Cohamiata (Bauml & Voss 2164,
RSA); Mich., Distr. Uruapan, Tancítaro (Hinton 15669, NY).
Rhizome compact; rhizome scales light brown, ciliate-fimbriate, 2-3 mm long,
0.8-1 mm wide; fronds 24-60 cm long, clumped; stipe one-half to two-thirds the
length of the frond, castaneous, glabrous near the base; blade ovate-deltoid to
orbicular, appearing bipinnate, pseudopedate; rachis dividing into 7-10 ascending
pinnae; sterile segments lobed to serrate, subsessile (the stalk less than 1 mm long),
the color of the stalk passing out onto the segment; rachis densely beset with minute
whitish branched hairs 0.1 mm long; scattered hairs 0.8-1 mm long present on both
336
BRITTONIA
[VOL. 32
Elaphoglossum leonardii Mickel, sp. nov.
Ab E. lindenii (Bory) Moore lamina apice acuta vel obtusa nec apiculata rhizomatisque paleis
minoribus necnon sporae cristis elaboratius perforatis differt. Haec species amico Steven W. Leonard
plantarum collectori praestanti dicatur.
Rhizome short-creeping, 2-3 mm diam; rhizome scales linear, lustrous, maroon, ca 2 mm long, with short teeth; phyllopodia lacking; fronds clumped, 7-14
cm long, 1.5-2.8 cm broad; stipe 1/2-3/s of the frond length; stipe scales orange
to maroon, subulate, widely spreading, ca 1 mm long; stipe also bearing minute,
erect, glandular hairs; blade ovate to elliptic, apex obtuse to acute, base rounded;
veins evident, free, simple or once forked, 1.5-2 mm apart, running at 60-70 ~
angle; hydathodes distinct; blade scales subulate, orange to maroon, generally
abundant on abaxial surface, sparse to lacking adaxially, 1-2 mm long; fertile
frond shorter than the sterile frond (% to nearly as long), its blade much smaller
( 8 9 1 8 9the dimensions of the sterile blade) often folded at the midvein before
maturity; scales scattered among the sporangia; spores with crests with holes in
both the crests and the spore surface.
Epipetric in cloud forest.
TYPE: MEXICO. OAXACA: Distrito Ixtlfin, Cerro de Malacate, N of Capulalpfin, ca 8 km E of Ixtlfin de Jufirez, elev. 8850 ft, 5 Oct 1970, Micke! 5296
(HOLOTVPE: NY; ISOTYPES: ENCB, UC, US). Known only from the type collection.
Eiaphoglossum lepidopodum Mickel, sp. nov.
Ab E. guatemalensi (Kl.) Moore lamina angustiore tenui et stipite paleacea differt.
Rhizome short-creeping, 3-5 mm diam; rhizome scales lanceolate, light brown
to bicolorous with dark, lustrous center with age, to 4 mm long, with sparse
irregular teeth; phyllopodia distinct, ca 1 cm long; fronds slightly spaced apart,
to 35 cm long, 18-22 mm broad; stipe I/6--I/5 o f the frond length, scaly with light
brown, spreading, lanceolate scales and minute, black, appressed, round to arachnoid scales; blade narrowly elliptic, long-acuminate at both ends; firm; veins
scarcely visible, free, simple or once-forked, often expanded laterally at the tip,
1 mm apart, running at ca 70 ~ angle; hydathodes lacking; adaxial blade surface
glabrous, abaxial surface with minute, black to brown stellate hairs; fertile fronds
unknown.
TYPE: MEXICO. OAXACA: Distrito Juquila, 24-25 km N of San Gabriel, wooded banks by stream, with Pinus strobus and oaks, elev. 4100 ft, 10 Aug 1971,
Micke16175 (HOLOTYPE: NY; ISO'rYPES: E N C B , UC). Known only from the type
collection.
This species is probably closest to E. guatemalense (K1.) Moore, which it
resembles in the slender rhizome, lustrous rhizome scales (at least with age),
irregularly toothed stipe scales, distinct phyllopodia, and reduced, black stellate
blade scales, but it differs in its very slender fronds, thin texture, and scaly stipe.
Elaphoglossum mcvaughii Mickel, sp. nov.
Ab E. inaequalifolio (Jenm.) C. Chr. rhizomatis paleis latioribus et minus distincte bicoloribus
necnon lamina acuta differt. Dico hanc speciem amico mentori Rogers McVaugh qui primus me in
Mexico induxit.
Rhizome long-creeping, ca 3 mm diam; rhizome scales ovate to ovate-lanceolate, pale brown to bicolorous with a central streak of lustrous dark brown, mostly
3-5 mm long, generally entire; scales somewhat deciduous; phyllopodia distinct,
1980]
MICKEL: ELAPHOGLOSSUM
337
1-2 cm long; fronds 1-2 cm apart, to 40 cm long, 2.9 cm broad; stipe 8 9 1 8of
9 the
frond length, with scattered ovate scales of the rhizome, entire or with occasional
weak marginal hairs; blade narrowly elliptic, apex acute to acuminate, base narrowly cuneate; coriaceous; veins obscure, free, simple or once-forked, ca 1 mm
apart, running at ca 70 ~ angle; h y d a t h o d e s lacking; blade surfaces subglabrous, with sparse, minute, stellate hairs and occasional broader scales on
midvein, especially on the abaxial surface; fertile fronds longer than the sterile
fronds, the stipe longer ( 89
of the fertile frond length) and the blade slightly
narrower; scales lacking; spores with low slender crests.
Abundant on rocks along brook in steep ravine in pine-fir forest.
TYPE: MEXICO. MICHOACXN: wooded slopes 8-10 mi NW and WNW of Ciudad Hidalgo, among mountains west of Cerro San Andr6s and 6-7 mi N of village
of San Pedro Aguaro, elev. 2850-3000 m, 18 Mar 1949, McVaugh 9904 (HOLOXVPE: US; ISOTYPE: MICH). Known only from the type collection.
Elaphoglossum mcvaughii is similar to E. inaequalifolium (Jenm.) C. Chr. in
the bicolorous tendency of the rhizome scales, creeping rhizome, rhizome scale
morphology (entire with occasional weak teeth or marginal hairs), fertile frond
longer than the sterile, blade texture (coriaceous), size and indument, but the
latter species has narrower and more regularly bicolorous rhizome scales and
blade more long-acuminate. Each specimen seen also has mounted on the same
sheet a small specimen of E. tenuifolium (Liebm.) Moore.
Elaphoglossum parduei Mickel, sp. nov.
Ab E. glabello J. Smith phyllopodisbrevioribus,lamina latiori, paleis minutis nigris stellatis necnon
laminis fertilibus quam sterilibus longioribus differt. Species haec amico Larry Pardue botanico hortulanoque dicatur.
Rhizome moderately creeping, 2-4 mm diam; rhizome scales deltate-lanceolate,
lustrous brown, ca 2 mm long, entire or with a few weak short hairs; scales tend
to be somewhat deciduous, leaving a partially naked rhizome; phyllopodia distinct, usually 1-1.5 cm long; fronds spaced apart, to 30 cm long, 1-2 cm broad;
stipe 8 8 1 8 of
9 the frond length, naked or with a few lanceolate scales at base;
blade narrowly elliptic, apex acute to acuminate, base narrowly cuneate; coriaceous; veins obscure, free, simple or once-forked, ca 1 mm apart, running at ca
70~ angle; hydathodes lacking; blade surfaces glabrous or with minute, black,
stellate, reduced scales, especially on the abaxial surface; fertile fronds slightly
longer than the sterile fronds, the stipe longer ( 89
of the fertile frond length)
and the blade slightly narrower; scales lacking; spores with large, round bumps
or low ridges.
Epiphytic in wet forests, 1400-2100 m elevation.
TYPE: MEXICO. OAXACA: Distrito Ixtlfin, 4 km S of Vista Hermosa, 74 km N
of Ixtlfin de JuS.rez on Rte 175, trail up through wet montane forest, elev. 54006200 ft, 17 Sep 1972, Mickel 6615 (HOLOTYPE: NY; ISOTYPES: ENCB, UC).
Other specimens seen. MEXICO. OAXACA: Distrito Ixtlfin, Ixtlfin-Tuxtepec
road, 35-39 km S of Valle Nacional, Mickel 1544 (NY); Distrito Teotitlfin, Mun.
de Tenango, trail from San Martin Caballero to Tenango, Hallberg 1460 (NY).
This species is much like E. glabellum J. Smith but has shorter phyllopodia,
broader blade with minute black stellate scales, and the fertile frond longer than
the sterile.
Elaphoglossum rzedowskii Mickel, sp. nov.
Rhizomatis paleis integris, paleis faciei adaxialis laminae in pilos stellatos vel substellatos basi
resinosos reductis, paleis faciei abaxialis laminae longiciliatis, necnon stipite paleis patulis integris
1986
Carvajal, Flo ra de Nu eva Gali ci a
139
de las veces cóncavas, cúspide nula , con una espina pronto caediza .
TIPO: MEXICO: JALISCO: La Media Luna, Ladera N del Vo lcán Nevado, mu
nicipio de Venustiano Carranza¡ 25 Sept 1961 ¡ 2, Carvjl~
M.C . Luce G.3411. Bosque de Pinus montezumae var . mezambranus, .!:..:_ douglasiana, P.
pseudostrobus, !:..:_ leioph~a,
Abies religiosa, Quercus ru osa y Q. lauri na, so
bre suelos de grava volcanica. Oso tipos para ser distribuidos .
SPE CIMIN!S TEST!MO N!AL!S LECTUS
JALISCO: Volcán de Fuego¡ 2850 m de altitud¡ Oct 1978; M. Cházaro 705.
Volcán de Colima (en Jalisco); Jul 194 1; M.,_ Martíne z 3438 . Puerto
Las Platas , municipio de Tuxpan ; 2500 m de altitud¡ 13 F eb 1984;
~
Car vaial 1!_ & Me za L 4607 .
DISTRITO FEDERAL : Cerro del Guarda¡ 2600 m de altitud¡ 13 Jul 1951 ¡ E.
Ma t uda 262 13 .
MICHOACAN : Ladera de l Cerro Angahuan; 2350 m de altitud; 20 Oct 1979¡
~
Madriaal 2.:_ 3449.
Es mu y probable que Martínez y otros colectores hayan observado a Pinus montezumae var. mezambranus en el campo, durante su estancia en la inmediacio
nes de l Volcán Nevado, en Jalisco ; pero creyeron que representaba variantesmínimas con respecto a la variedad típi c a, o en otro caso, que Jo ha yan colectado considerandolo como una forma de !:.:.. montezumae var. !indleyi, como
lo indic an las muestras que fueron di stribuidas con este nombre en los herbarios citados , descontando cualquier eventual diferencia en base al tipo conoci
do. No se conocen otras referencia s con respec to a este ta xón.
Respuesta a la 5ta. Cuestión:
En 1983 se colec taron en el Salto del Rincón , mumc ¡p¡o de Villa de Purificación , unas muest ras de Pinus, las que junto con otras colectadas en zonas adyacentes , se identificaron como Pinus la wsonii, pero el tamaño de las ho jas y
la forma peculiar del cono, hicieron des isti r de tal nombre. Al analizar en for
ma más detall ada , se enc ontró que la ana tom ía de las hojas presentaba mu- chas semejanza s con E.:. oocarpa (canales resiníferos septales, por ejemplo) , pe
ro mostraba notables diferencias en lo que respecta a la forma y tamaño del cono . Con el acopio de nuevas colecciones y su posterior estudio, se pudo con
c lu ir, que qu izá representar a un ta xon no descri to aún para la ciencia, al cuai
se designa con el siguiente nombre: .
Pinus macvauif¡ii S. Carvajal, sp . nov.
bu~,
Arbor 12-- 15 m al tus, cortice ri mari¡ foliis 5, 15--20 cm longis, triangulari graci libus et fle xil~us,
marg inibu5 serrulatis , stomatibus dorsalibus et
140
P H YT O l O G 1 A
Vol . 59, No. 2
ventralíbus; hipodermide bi forme, ra ro in parenchyma penetrabili, atque ductis resiniferi s (2-) 3 numero, septalibus , endodermide par ietibus externis crassis, fascibus fibrovascularibus 2, bene distinctis; vaiginis persi stentibus, 15-25 mm Jongis, castaneis; gemmis ovoide-turbinatis, castaneis, Jutescentibus;
strobilís longis, ovoideis ve! ovoide-turbinatis, prope oblongis, prope syrnmetri
calibus, pen-dentis, 8--9 cm Jongis et 3 cm latís ve! fe re, · plerumque 2--2.5-plo longioribus qua m latioribus, persistentibus, brunneo-Jutescentibus, splendens
demun cineracens; pedunculis 6--8 mm longis; squamis plerumque in inte rmedialibus atque deorsibus parte , relicti clausibus dum strob ili adhere r ramulorum, apice angulosis, umbone irregulariter; apophisi depressa ve! Jeviter eleval a in intermedia ato.ue sursum parte; cuspide mucrone brevi, decidua; semi
nibus brevis, oscura , maculatis , 3--5 mm Jongis; ala grandia, 10-- 12 mrr. Jonga.
Species in honorP.m Roqe rs MCVilugh (1909) , qui de plantis novogalicianis
provenere ibi scriptor maximus ingenium, grate nominav i.
Arbol de 12--15 m de altura y hasta 40--50 cm de diámetro, con la copa redondeada y ral a; ramas hor izontal es, fuertes, co rteza a grietada, oscuro-grisa
cea, con placas irregulares, más o menos delgadas, casi rectangulares, conel interior roji zo ; ra millas castaño c laro, áspe ras en un principio , después es
camosas, pero la bráctea desapareciendo al final; hojas en fascículos de 5, de 15--20 cm de largo, aglomeradas en la extremid8d de la ramillas, triangulares, de color ver de claro, br illantes, suaves y fl exibles, bordes finamente
aserrados, con dos haces fibrovasculares bien dife renciados, canales resiníferos
(2-) 3, septales, células de la endodermis con las paredes exteriores engrosadas , hipodermi s biforme, con leves entrantes en el clorénquima; vainas persis
lentes, de color castaño claro, brillante s ; conillos subterminales, subglobosos-; ·
ci líndrico-oblongo, sobre pedúnculos de 15--20 mm, en pares, con escamas
anchas, casi tr iangulares, con picos pequeños, grue sos y di rigi dos hacia el ápl
ce; conos regularmente ovoides u ovoide-cónicos, casi oblongos, de color ca.?_
ta ño ro jizo , lust rosos en el principio, al fina l cenicientos , algo ligeros , algo
reflejados y ca si simétricos, colgantes, de 8--9 cm de largo por 3 cm de ancho o un poco más (de 2--2. 5 veces tan largos como anchos, regularmentes
las escamas se abren hasta la parte media de l cono, permaneciendo de la mi
ta d hacia aba jo cerradas o casi, lo que le c-onfiere al cono una apariencia ca
si simétrica, solitarios o en grupos de 2, sobre pedúncul os de 6--8 mm, per:
sistentes; escamas algo gruesas, con el interior oscuro , ap lastadas, algo ensanchadas en la parte media, ápice anguloso , rara ve z redondeado, umbo df:
co'ltorno irregular , pero uniforme , con la quilla transversal un poco levantada;
ap ófisis aplastada en las escamas basales, poco prominente en la regió~
media
y superior, cúspide con una espín;:; pequeña, pronto caediza; semilla peoueñ<:,
alargaaa y oscura, con manchas pequeña s , de 3--5 mm y con una ala grande,
de 10-- 12 mm, con estrías pronunciadas, la base engrosé da.
TIPO : MEXICO : JAUSCO: El Salto del Rincón, m.J'licipio de Vi lla dE Purifi cación; 800--1 200 m de altitud; z~.¡
Oct 1963; ~
Ca;\ a iill 4588 . Bosoue de
Pinus ma, iminoi, P. oocarpa, !:..:_ pseudos tr obus y "Quercus aristata, sobre su~
los de origen graníti co, prof:.~d
s y con buer drenaje . En el Herbario del
1986
Carv aj al , Fl or a de Nu e va Gal i c ia
141
Centro de En5eñanza Téc nica Industria l (CREG). lsotipos pa ra ser distriouídos.
SPECIMINIS TESTJMCNIALIS LECTUS
JALISCO : Sierra de El Tuito, en el Refugi o ; 12 de Octubre de 1982 ; 980 m
de altitud; 2.:_ Car vaial 3444, 3456 , 3478 , 3481, 3482 , 3490. Km 6, terrace
ria El Tui t o-La Mina, .!3...:.. ~
& !t._ f3..:.. Torres 178 (todos ellos en CREGf.
Indudablemente Pinu
~ macvaughii, cabe en la sección que Martínez (1948 ), d~
nomina Serotinos y que Little & Critchfield (1969), tratan como Subsección
Oocar~e,
por las características del cono, tamaño y estructura interna de
las ho¡as. Presenta mucha afinidad con E:.. oocarpa, en lo que respecta al n~
mero de hojas por fascículo y en la posic ión de Jos canales resiníferos qLE son
septales, pero el último taxón varfa en el número de ellos, en que las hojas
son más anchas, en que los conos son redondeados u ovoides y casi tan largos
como anchos, además Jos conos permanecen cerrados por muchos más tiempo
abriendo tarde y completamente; de f.: pri nql ei difiere en el número de hojas
por fascículo, anchura de las hojas, en la posición y número de lo5 canales
resiníferos, sin embargo existe una notable similitud con respecto a Jos conos,
por otro lado, no se han estudiado colecciones de E.:_ pringlei dentro de los
límites del e stado de Jalisco . De .E..:. ¡:¡at u! a d:fiere también e n el número y
posición de las hoja s , e n la posición de los canales resinifero5, en la simet ria
y figura del cono , además la t e ndencia de este con respect o a l habitat parecer ser de bosques templ ado-fríos (de 1800--3000 m), mientras que P . macvauohii, es más de tendencias subtropicales (800--1200 m).
- --
Respuest a a la 6ta . cuestión:
La identificación de los tá xones de Pinus presentes en Nueva Galicia, se pue
de lle var a cabo mediante la siquiente clave, en donde se incluyen Jos nom-bres nuevos que se proponen en - este trabajo:
CLAVE A LOS PINOS DE NUEVA GALJCI A
1 . Bráctea s no decurrentes bajo Jos fa scículos de hojas; hojas de 3--5,
con la vaina caedi za; se:niJJas con o sin ala, si prese nte, entonces corta e inefec ti va y no se desprende con facilida d de la semi
lla
2. urr.bo terminal ; hojas en fa sc ículos de 5 ; vaina caediza pront o; á
pi ce de las escc. mas del cono · cor, prolongación laminar más o
menos encorvc.da
3 . Escamas duras y anchas; ala de la semilla mediana y a'ncha, de
15--20 mm de largo, por 6--10 mm de ancho; conos resino . veitchii
sos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P . ayacahuite va~
30
Fll.oLMI 10.
JOU RNAL OF TH E A RNOLD AR DORETUM
/'¡ ¡~·,
. l~•="'
·' '·"wn
¡
0. 4.
t>oanrh.'
C. l u~<r
-..llh br:ou. ~ 13. D. im nlo/u l\o ond molur•· frun>. ~
)"oongl<af.)·oung•nllort""-"<'n«.ond•"""""tl'nJJ>roph)"II. •I J
[n>L 70
u. onllon-srrn<'<
8.6:
• 1. ~;
E. p<Opb)ll
~<"i1h
PHENOLOGY. Flowering mid
· F~bruay
\o late May orearly Jun~.
predominantly
in April and May. Fruit~
rolle<:ted in Oct.ober. December, and February
RFPk
<>I.~TA
T IV~
>Pl:nMFNS. M~
. \ i ro.
C HI A ~"12 km S of Hwy. 1% nrar RiLo de Oro.
• lá~.
Chast. &: &m·
behind micn:owave ¡o,..;.r ofl..:o Mina '" mo"l shaded ravinc. Bom
5~
(MI<"H); IJ mi N of A.rriap aloo¡ ll w¡. 1'15 on <lerp slo!)<'s alon¡ "''.'"""
1/rNd/M<' !55!f! (r><n. r. MFX l!. Ml<'H . ""'- NY. n x): alon~
rhw Dclow Huiliupan.
llrr"l'dloh"& A.CSmllh31576(MFXtJ)
Jtrin
PiPNKli<i:acapa nmwiseasil y rerog.nited by its
tr.m~lucen
bcart-sbaped lea>"~.
fruits.
its short,
few
· -How~red
prosta~
habit. ils small,
inHoreo;cences. and its globose,
7. l'ip<' rmc•·a ughii llornstc ln , sp.noY
Frutex ramuncul is fere ¡labris: propb¡llum usque ad 0.3 cm longum , pubcrulum vcl bre,ipub\'scens; folia lamtnis lateovatis. 5.1-8 x 5.5-7.6 cm,
brevi~cumnat
. basi cord~ti.
supra puberli~.
suh ter spar~im
puber
l i~:
in-
l:lOKNSTEI N, f>II'EKACEAE
1989]
JI
'í· ,,
'
- -··
. ·~
-
MAP 3
I I<"SOtl~m(
fioreKcna6
·~
Distnbuuon of f'<JN' ¡rua:IXU¡HJ.IItn.«' ~•an
cir
f'. mUl'!lm ($0;1,..,..,1). and P
d<S).
. 7 -8
. 8cmloga
,rh
ac h
i rli•pa
~i rnpu
beru
l.¡p
i li s g li ndu
l os
i s:b
m~
.·
usque ad 0.75 mm lon g~.
l ~tc
~ p alhu
l atc
vel vakle cupuL:11ae, ~parsi
m
puhcrulacvdpubcrulao:;pcdketliU.5(-{l.75)rnmlongí, ¡,parsim pubulcli. p<lis
~ l an du
lo•Í:
•lilmina <.>'· ario adnatu; s!ylus depres•O·O\'Oido:u:; ~ct
b re~
i col
·
umnaris. u!>(¡uo: ad 0. 75 m m Jungus: uvarium ovoideum-cllipsoidcum: frur tus
3lobo!ius.u.quo: a<1 2mmdiametro,puber11lus.
tea~
TYI'E. M cxioo. Jalisco, ooastal plain ncar h.... y. 10 Autllm, 4 mi N of liah.ía
:-<avídad, 40 m al!., 8 Nov. 1960, McVm1gh 10817 (holotypc. MICII).
~hrub
of un known d imffis;ons; youngcst tw;~
d rying brown, wilh sparse
glaiXI.ular ha i r~ ; olMr bra nches •ilve ry, with hrown, warty k'ntkds, glabrous
Pruph)ll• In 3 mm l<mg, ba"" truncate, apex a<:ute, abaú ally pubcn<lcnt 10
>hort-pube&:.:n! withglandularorshorteglandularhairs.Le.w es"ilhpcliolc
l. l- 1.8 cm long, narrow. appearing glabrous but ~p arscly
pubcrulcot with.
gbndulilr h ~ir;
bla<k broadly ovale, 5.1 - ~ ~
5.5-1.6 cm, cordatc at basc,
:;h or l - a~ -u m i na
l<:
al al"'• · 5- (lo 7-)!l<'rved. puberulcnt abovc with prcdominan\ly glandulur ha irs (o:,;pt:<_-ially al pctiok-bladejurw.:tion and a long b!adc
~ly
puberu!ent beneath nn major vein
~ witlt moMiy short .:,la un lo reson~ó
. 7- 8 .8 cm long, color unkno.,.m, wilh fto•.-cn widdy
al nl3turity, ¡l(d uncle ami racl1is •pa!Rly puberultnt with gland ub r
1\::l.irs:broc!sscsstle orsubsessi!t,bro&dlyooatulate toOC"<.'asionally•tron¡ly
cup
! ~ tc,
! o0
. 75
mm lon¡t sparsclypulx'rukntto pubc:rul..mt " 'ith tJAndular
or sllort e&Jandular llairs. F1owcrs with pcdiccl ca. li.5Hl.7SJ mm long anrt
broad. sp¡.n;d
~ · pubcruknt witll glandular l1airs: stamcn.s 4 or S. adnatc from
mnrgin). ~
dular ha ir!>. l
sp.:~ceJ
32
~ IO.~f
JOURNAL OF THf ARNOLD ARHORETUM
11
l'IJ!•'' """"JU,( h". A. ftuntnt bunch.
DL, ntHl:TJON.
limahorde(s~M
A
lvoL. 70
0.4. 11. pmt>ult ofinfruclc><Xn<c
Known only from typc locality, southwesttrn JaliSo("O ncar lO·
~ P 1)
Typt wllcction from sccond-gro,.th deciduous forest with associated
spccics of("ordia L., Tnrhi/ia P. Brownc, and Sideroxrlon L
H
. \~ITA
1 9~
BOR>J"STr.ll'\, PIPERACEAí:
)
a"'un
: A , flowerim: branch, ~ 0.41, ,.;,h d ~ ta kd
in""' of
n nuu ll . /~Pf1Chdi
pe l i olt
-bl.:~jun
c1 i nl
l< lsh
owpu
l"'ru
l em
· e ; ll. r nnion <lfinll<m.>"""n" iu laklloW<ccml) fr uil, >< 6.3· C, ¡lOill<)o> Of yotLr)jj infruet'"'""""• ~ 6.3; n , prol
)\l"itb~
n • <" !l"
l
)·oun¡; l<afandinllu<L'><''"'""· A2. l
wiLh ¡m:-donulla lll]y gbndular h air
~Wl1ndu
l aron
e\)
~ (•·~
. p u lx:~.ent
lo dwloely pulx-l><."Cnl wit h
.
8. Pil!'fr mk:ht llt.num C. TX". Annuai,·e Conser'' · .l~rd
Bvt Gcnl/vc 21: 3 17.
1920. T r rE: M~ · ~ Í ~"Q.
Michoocim. El ~luet
o,
~50
m uiL.• JOJune 1~?8,
LIJn¡.:ÜI!l(j 2/.i (1\olotypo::. t;!; Í!.O\)pt:S, OH!, .c.l, liS!).
F t<o <; l<~
12.
,,
l'i¡wm..$T<d . .. .m~r
.J . I\M
. I(:
l i.S. ,oi 7, }1¡.; 2. Lnl. Tn "' Mu
M ulelO, 8 S0 m alt , JO Jan, 1898. L11TJ<Ia, 11 2U (hnll\lypt,
iM
, M <:~>;oi
U ~ 1 ; l ~l
y "I<Si
F.l
cin,
, Gl
, <"o>!
!,
JOUitNAL 0 1' THE A ltNOLD ARl!OitETUM
20
MAP 1
rlo.-.).1'
D"lnl>ul><>n "' ~
Mloitpanr~J<'
(1<1l1d <quo"~
a/~¡rulmn
squ>ft"S),Md 1'
I "
mrl'ug~{
70
lm~.
1' lvn·•f'Niw•lllllum (CHa r)
Lco•·r.s
, h•
• • l<'
• ~
(c
m
)
Pubc>ecnllolomcnlos•:
espaoioll}'be<leath
Fil.,.,. . , l
• •~
oh
( m
m)
P u \>cf
ukn
l
lO~
ent
••;>e<'ially be"""th
T
<>
O.~
;•
.. thanoc
h 01
nurl)CQWil!O antM"'
()oa l'}· ,hpo- (tn ftli>"tU
SIJ4:" h•
~
l .c n~
l h
(mm]
To t •-.rl'*IN
In !kiwe-r
l nfruil
O•
o•d
- e l i~d
O.cidlo¡¡)obos<
Columno.r to <li¡ htly coni·
D o :]>l?.
(0 5-)1 - 1.SI-21
Tu H. S.
~· · · 1: \
1 : 2-l : :l
1 : 1-l ; J
1 :3- I . S
"'
~>d-ou
id
..,..,.
r~
l~)
hgtl
t<> « •nictll
)
American Joumal of Botany 79(10): 1200-1206. 1992.
A NEW SPECIES OF BLACK OAK
(QUERCUS, SUBG. ERYTHROBALANUS, FAGACEAE)
FROM THE SIERRA MADRE OCCIDENTAL, MEXIC0 1
RICHARD SPELLENBERG
Department ofBiology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003
Quercus mcvaughii is described as a new species ofblack oak (subgenus Erythrobalanus) from the Sierra Madre Occidental,
in northem Durango and westem Chihuahua, Mexico. It is most closely related to the more southem Q. crassifolia. Sessile
or subsessile hairs, usually of different sizes, on the abaxial leaf surface distinguish Q. mcvaughii from Q. crassifolia, where
hairs are similar in size and conspicuously stipitate. A key is provided for distinguishing similar species in the region.
Intergradation of Q. mcvaughii with Q. crassifolia, Q. hypoleucoides, and Q. sideroxyla is reported.
In the Sierra Madre Occidental ofMexico, from northem Durango through westem Chihuahua to about l 00
km south of the U nited States border in northeastem
Sonora, is a black oak (Quercus, subgenus Erythrobalanus)
that is a major component of the Madrean evergreen
woodland as defined by Brown (1982). In 1974 Rogers
McVaugh published as part ofhis Flora Novo-Galiciana
a taxonomic summary of Quercus in the vicinity of the
state of Jalisco. In it, under discussions of Q. crassifolia
and Q. fulva, he pointed out for the first time the distinctness of this oak in the northem Sierra Madre Occidental. Gonzalez Villareal (1986) reiterated the distinction in her review ofoaks ofJalisco. My own field studies
and examination ofabout 300 collections ofthis oak and
related black oak species indicate that the oak McVaugh
suggested to be a distinct taxon is unnamed and does form
a major, easily recognizable population at middle elevations in the Sierra. It is described here, named for Dr.
McVaugh, an avid student ofthe flora in the vicinity of
Jalisco and whose landmark publication on the oaks in
that region has been an immense stimulus and aid to
study of the genus in the mountains of westem Mexico.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Field work conceming this oak began in 1984. Specimens were seen from the herbaria A, ARIZ, ASU, CAS,
DA V, GH, LL, MICH, MO, NMC, TEX, US (intemational acronyms here and throughout are from Holmgren,
Ho1mgren, and Bamett, 1990), and represent 115 collections of the new species and about 185 of its closest relative, Q. crassifolia. Measurements were taken from the
largest leaf on a specimen. Hairs from leaves were first
softened (Radford et al., 1974, p. 764), then carefully
scraped from the surface and mounted in softener on a
'Received for publication 24 July 1991; revision accepted 24 June
1992.
The author thanks W. Boecklen, R. Corral-Diaz, S. Gonzalez Elizondo, R. Soreng, and J. Zimmerman for help in field work; D. Breed1ove,
K. Nixon, and J. Tucker for general help with oaks; J. Strother andA.
Smith for help with the Latín description; P. Martín and N. Zucker for
assistance in other aspects of this work; and D. Sullenberger for the
photography. This work was supported in part by the Collegio de Graduados, Escuela Superior de Agricultura "Hermanos Escobar" in Júarez,
Mexico, the N.M.S. U. Friends ofthe Herbarium account, and NSF grant
#BRS 9006473 to W. Boecklen.
microscope slide for observation. Drawings were made
with the aid of a camera lucida. Specimens cited are referenced in the appendix.
RESULTS
The new species is described below and a key follows
that distinguishes it from other more or less similar black
oaks in the region.
Quercus mcvaughii Spellenb. sp. nov. (subg. Erythrobalanus) Fig. l. Arbores usque ad 4-25 m altae; caules
juniores dense pubescentes pilis aureis; folia 6-21 cm
longa 4-13 cm lata late elliptica vel obovata vel plus
minusve pandurata plerumque convexa integra vel distaliter 4-14-dentata dentibus deltatis, folium omni paribus 6-10 venarum nrincipalium, epidermes abaxiales foliorum valde dense' pubescentes pilis dilutis castaneis
sessilibus vel subsessilibus pilo omni 3-10-ramoso; cupulae plus minusve hemisphericae 5-11 mm longae 1016 mm latae squamis adpressis non incrassatis pubescentibus pilis pallidis; glandes plerumque biennes ovoideae dilutae castaneae 12-20 mm longae 8-14 mm latae.
TYPE-Mexico, Chihuahua, Municipio Ocampo, Parque Nacional de la Cascada de Basaseachic, elev. ca. 1,800
m, 22 June 1989, Spellenberg, Boecklen, & Zimmerman
9821 (holotype, NMC; isotypes,ASU, BH, CAS, CIIDIR,
ENCB, ESAHE, IBUG, INIF, K, MEXU, MO, NMC,
NY, US, XAL). The type collection comes from three
trees, twigs from which are labeled A, B, or C in herbarium
specimens, corresponding to individual trees providing
the sample. Plant "A" provided the holotype.
Tree 6-10 (25) m tall; crown oval to round; trunk 0.10.7 (1) m in diam.; bark dark gray, fissured and checkered
on large trees. Branchlets ofthe first year 3-8 mm diam.,
densely covered with spreading, intertangled stellate hairs
at first red-purple, quickly becoming tawny or golden,
decreasing in density and finally becoming pale or blackish
in the second or third year; lenticels slightly raised, inconspicuous; buds ovoid, 5-8 mm long, reddish-brown,
the scales obtuse to rounded, adaxially pilose in apical
half. Leaves persistent into the dry season, then tardily
deciduous, commonly pendent. Stipules oblong, ca. 7 mm
long, 3 mm wide, membranous, pilose, quickly deciduous.
Petioles tomentose, (11) 17-27 (48) mm long, 2-4 mm
thick. Leafblades often convex, thick, stiffiy leathery, dark
and lustrous green adaxially, densely tawny-pubescent
1200
October 1992]
1201
SPELLENBERG-NEW OAK FROM NORTHERN SIERRA MADRE
0:>9633
co=
"=
~
=
"'=
·=
C")=
..
"'=
,
,.liOt:IICUSitC'UUQIIII So-llub. tt-.4! .1
C:.ll : f .""l!tdtlt1 1.1otrtltt.I. HW tUI
IJlnlm
KUICO, Olllf'.aw.&, llalllc:lpl o oe.,., ,
P•¡que 11'\cloMl
6e
c..c:th !le
a.
le,
H~ouc
lfl 11'1, JI ll'l , dtt. a . !IN a ,-~
ttlftl""' D
,..11, l htrl l, ¡,._Mil, 11111 - 1 ud , a \.a.U lt
~'"
L taMo L.
~
L~
L.UWw1&. ll.ia&
11\h khrt rr••ltt r!w.r,
UulltlotblJJ.
S..lltnu tln.I I UI\, MIOJ,!-U ..
a...t
n u n Ira lnt MI._ lolnl f nt.I<MC t.lltd••lr• 1
hHI 11-(, 11 U ll.. a !tutti; ..... .... \lh" n;.,..to4 ..
k toMt,
~1
nn, UHitl. tu• 16nttlu 4" ' 1'
hhtri"; tt1Untt tol"
•htrlk!M
htotrtn
••""!
'
lut• L-.tf
Ir~
"" t-., tr... wld
tK to: 1 , n , cu. •·
u • '' "· w m , u1, wr. , a, Ul, 1
fJWofn
'1' ...
a.
, u ..
Fig. l . (Left) photograph of holotype of Quercus m cvaughii, Spellenberg, Boecklen, & Zimmerman 9821 (NMC); (right) mature fruit of Q.
mcvaughii from Tucker 258 9 (ARIZ). Scales in mm.
abaxially, broadly ovate to obovate, nearly round, or
slightly pandurate, (6) 7-15 (23) cm long, (4) 5-11 (17)
cm wide, mostly 1.1-1.6 times as long as wide, abruptly
narrowed in the apical one-third; apex obtuse, rarely acute,
forming an angle of(60) 90-150° (170), or rounded, usually aristate, sometimes short-acuminate; basal half gradually narrowed, the base abruptly round-truncate to shallowly cordate; margins thickened, revolute, standing well
above veins on abaxial surface, usually with (O) 4-10 (14)
low aristate teeth or undulations 1-3 mm high (to broadly
deltoid teeth to 1 cm in leaves on vigorous shoots) in the
distal two-thirds, the aristae 1-2 mm long, occasionally
subentire; veins 6-9 (1 O) pairs, ascending at (30) 40-50°
(60), the proximal usually branching and anastomosing
well within the margin, the distal passing directly into
teeth or aristae, occasionally branching and anastomosing
within the margin; adaxial surface at first with reddishpurple hairs that are soon pale and deciduous, the mature
surface hard, sublustrous, glabrous except for retention
ofhairs near larger veins, especially near base ofmidvein,
moderately rugose by impression of 1o and 2° veins, the
veinlets in dried leaves slightly paler and barely raised
above intervening areolae; abaxial epidermis bullate, minutely papillate, ± golden-glandular, but this nearly bidden by dense, permanent, brownish white to pale reddish
brown tomentum, the hairs sessile or subsessile, stellate,
with 4-10 sinuous, intertangled branches that nearly obscure the epidermis (in west-central Durango hairs are
often all ca. same size, ca. 0.8 mm long; in northem
Durango and in Chihuahua hairs on any one leafare 0.20.8 mm long, the smaller hairs forming a very dense layer
beneath the longer hairs); primary veins on abaxial surface
elevated, conspicuous, secondary much less so or, as with
smaller veins, completely obscured by thick tomentum.
Staminate aments 3-8 cm long, loosely ftowered, the rachis tomentose, the yellowish cup-shaped perianth glabrous except for loosely pilose margins of lobes; stamens
usually 7 (varying from 5 to 9) (Spellenberg et al. 8059),
anthers glabrous, ca. 1.5 mm long. Pistillate ftowers 1 or
2, sessile or subsessile, densely pilose. Fruit biennial
(sometimes seemingly annual, see discussion), solitary or
paired, the peduncle obsolete or obconic and up to ca. 5
mm long, about as wide; cup 10-16 mm wide, 5-11 mm
deep, ± hemispheric, a bit prolonged at the peduncle, the
thin reddish-brown scales pale pubescent, commonly with
a tuft of dense, woolly hairs at center of each lower scale,
the tips thin, rounded, appressed; acom ovoid, 12-20 mm
long, 8-14 mm in diameter, light- or pale reddish-brown,
stellate puberulent with easily removed hairs, 30%-50%
included in cup.
Quercus m cvaughii is easily recognized . In its range it
is the only large-leaved oak with a very pale brown to-
1202
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
[Vol. 79
DISCUSSION
larger hairs are very shortly stipitate in Q. mcvaughü,
there is also a dense undertomentum of sessile hairs. In
Q. crassifolia all hairs are about equally stipitate and of
the same length (stipes on hairs may be discerned in the
field with a x 15 hand lens by breaking or tearing the leaf
to view hairs from the side). Quercus crassifolia occurs
from Guatemala northward to Nuevo Leon and to Chihuahua (Fig. 2). In contrast, Q. mcvaughii is restricted to
northern Durango, western Chihuahua, and eastern Sonora. A few collections from Durango appear somewhat
intermediate; the tomentum of Worthington 8882 has
about an equal mix ofstalked and sessile hairs, Maysilles
7 343 and Spellenberg & Gonzalez E. 10377 have most
hairs shortly stipitate. Wendt & Chiang 247, from northern San Luis Potosi, also has stalked hairs and smaller,
sessile hairs. This last collection is peculiar for either
species in that the immature infl.orescences are up to 3
cm long and bear one to six pistillate fl.owers.
Quercus crassifolia and Q. mcvaughii co-occur in severa! places in Chihuahua. At La Parque Nacional de la
Cascada de Basaseachic, Q. crassifolia (Ferguson s.n.,
Spellenberg 8468, 847 5) occurs in steep-sided canyons,
whereas Q. mcvaughii is common on the thinner soils
abo ve. East ofücampo, Q. crassifolia (Spellenberg & Jewell 9404, Spellenberg & Corral 9655.1) also grows immediately adjacent to Q. mcvaughii (Spellenberg & Corral
9655.2). Finally, on the descent into the canyon of the
Rio Haciendita, Q. mcvaughii (Spellenberg, Boeck/en, &
Zimmerman 9829) occurs on thin rocky soils above an
extensive stand of Q. crassifolia (Spellenberg et al. 10829)
on a steep, mesic northwest-facing slope. Stipes of hairs
are long and slender on Q. crassifolia from the west slope
of the Sierra Madre in ~estrn
Durango and Chihuahua
(Fig. 2, boxes H, J), and leaves are ovate and markedly
serrate. These northwestern populations of Q .. crassifolia
are sufficiently distinct that C. H. Muller once considered
them a possible new species (cf. annotations at CAS).
In addition to characteristícs of pubescence, leaf shape
also suggests that two closely related taxa co-occur in the
northern Sierra Madre. On average, Q. mcvaughü has
lea ves proportionately broader than those of Q. crassifo/ia
in the region (Fig. 3), although differences are not diagnostic, and when taken together nearly encompass the
range of variation of more southern Q. crassifolia. Also,
secondary veins in Q. mcvaughii tend to diverge from the
midrib at a greater angle than those of Q. crassifolia from
the same area (Fig. 3).
Quercus mcvaughii and Q. crassifolia- E ven a cursory
survey of specimens of Quercus crassifolia indicates that
the species is variable and forms a reticulate series ofraces
throughout its range, particularly with respect to leaf shape
and tomentum on the adaxialleaf surface. The latter varíes
in density, and the length and thickness of stipes of hairs
(Fig. 2). Sorne races apparently are correlated with habitat,
such as the race with long slender hairs and proportionately narrow lea ves from the west slope ofthe Sierra Madre
Occidental (e.g., boxes H, J, K of Fig. 2; Fig. 3). To the
north this western race interfingers with Q. mcvaughii with
little or no intergradation, which occupies generally drier
habitat to the east. Quercus mcvaughii has sessile hairs
usually of markedly differing sizes on the adaxial leaf
surface, distinguishing it from Q. crassifolia. When sorne
PhenologyofQuercus mcvaughii-Only three ofthe 115
collections of Q. mcvaughii had staminate catkins, and
these were collected in late April (Spellenberg et al. 8059},
mid-June (Spellenberg, Boecklen, & Zimmerman 9794),
and mid-September (Spellenberg & Jewell 9406). Dates
on 11 other collections with pistillate flowers beginning
to swell ranged from late April to late October. The main
period of blooming seems to be Jate April to early May,
when new leaves are usually produced, but in this region
of drought from winter to early summer new growth may
occur at any time during the warm season. New growth
is not produced on all twigs, and when it occurs, its timing
may make it difficult to determine if acorns are biennial
(the same obtains for Q. crassifolia from this region, but
see Spellenberg 9629, obviously biennial). Severa! col-
mentum of ses si le hairs that nearly or complete!y obscures
the abaxial epidermis ofthe leaves. Its convex leaves are
generally penden t. The trees grow on thin, rocky volcanic
soils from 1,580 to 3,100 m elevation. On dry sites plants
are only 2-4m tall, with boles only 5-10 cm diam., but
on other sites are trees 4-10 (25) m tall with boles 1/2-2h
( 1) m diam. Quercus mcvaughii is a common associate of
Pinus arizonica Engelm., P. leiophylla Schiede & Deppe,
P. engelmanüCarr., QuercuscoccolobifoliaTrel., Q. arizonica Sarg., and Q. durifolia Seem.
The following key distinguishes the ± ovate-leaved black
oaks from Durango and Chihuahua with at least moderate, and usually dense, stellate pubescence on abaxial
surfaces of lea ves.
la Larger blades 11-22 cm long, strongly convex (often unavoidably
tearing when pressed), most petioles more than 2.5 cm long,
abaxial surface ofyoung lea ves with about an equal mix of golden
glandular hairs and tawny loosely intertangled stellate hairs with
sinuous branches, pubescence ofboth types sparser in older leaves;
acorns usually ca. 2-15, in dense sessile cluster, the cups 8-10
mm wide ..
...... Quercus pennivenia Trel.
1b Larger blades 4-21 cm long, convex or plane (usually not tearing
when pressed), petioles of most lea ves usually less than 2.5 cm
long; abaxial surface ofyoung and mature lea ves dense! y covered
by stellate hairs (ifmore sparsely so in older lea ves, then branches
of hairs stiff and straight); acoms commonly 1-2 per cluster,
2
rarely more, the cups 10-16 mm wide ..
2a Hairs ofabaxialleafsurface sessile or nearly so, the sub-bulbous
base beneath branches 0-0.05 mm long .................................................................... 3
2b Hairs ofabaxialleafsurface notably stipitate, the stipe trunklike,
0.1-0.2 mm long
................ Q. crassifolia Humb. & Bonpl.
3a Larger blades 4-9 cm long; margins usually with severa! sharp
teeth; pubescence of abaxial surface white, rarely pale brown,
completely obscuring epidermis; larger hairs with 10 or more
sinuous branches; acorn cups 9-13 mm diameter, margins not
inrolled ..
. ...................................................... Q. sideroxyla Humb. & Bonpl.
3b Larger blades 6-21 cm long; margins toothed or not; pubescence
of abaxial surface tawny, nearly obscuring the epidermis; larger
hairs with 3-20 branches; acom cups 10-20 mm diam., margins
... 4
inrolled or not ... . ........ ............................................ ....................................
4a Lea ves usually not toothed; stellate hairs of abaxial surface with
ca. 15-20 short (±0.2 mm), almost straight, branches, the pubescence appearing low and thin; acom cup 13-20 mm wide,
margins prominently inrolled ......................................................... Q. fu/va Liebm.
4b Lea ves usually with 2-14 teeth in the distal one-half, occasionally
entire; stellate hairs ofabaxial surface with ca. 4-8 long (±0.7
mm) sinuous, intertangled branches, the pubescence appearing
thickly woolly or felty; acorn cup 10-16 mm wide, margins not
inrolled ..
. ............................................... Q. mcvaughii Spellenb.
October 1992]
SPELLENBERG-NEW OAK PROM NORTHERN SIERRA MADRE
1203
Fig. 2. Geographic distribution of Quercus crassifolia (numbers 4-8 on map) and Q. mcvaughii (numbers 1 and 2 on map); number 3 on map
indicates intergradient specimen. Map is ofMexico and Guatemala. Numbers on map indicate length ofstalk ofstellate hairs on abaxialleafsurface,
one unit = 0.025 mm. Lettered boxes illustrate hairs drawn with aid of camera lucida; pointers indicate the geographic origin of the collection
providing so urce of hairs (boxes D, E, F, G, I = Q. mcvaughii [mcv], note variation in sizes of hairs from any one leaf, the smaller hairs forming
a dense under-tomentum; boxes A, e, H, J, K, L, M= Q. crassifolia [era]; box B = intergradient population [int]). Boxes G and H are from plants
immediately sympatric. Documenting specimens from which hairs were taken follow in order of box letter and are cited fully in appendix: A,
Harmon & Dwyer 2609; B, Wendt & Chiang 247; e, Nixon et al. 4041; D, LeSueur 536; E, Muller 3509; F, White 3335; G, Spellenberg & Corral
9655.2; H, Spellenberg & Corral9655.1; 1, Palmer 76; J, Spellenberg & Gonzalez E. 10360; K, McVaugh 25968; L, Hinton 15026; M, Breedlove
33714.
lections have mature acoms or only acom cups on the
youngest, but obviously second season, twigs (as judged
by characteristics of the pubescence). On these, the twig
clearly did not initiate new growth during the present
growing season (e.g., LeSueur 536, Spellenberg 9653,
Spellenberg 107 58). Two specimens ha ve mature acoms
on twigs with pubescence that is not very weathered (Maysilles 7342 [TEX; duplicate MICH more weathered] and
Spellenberg 9653). Both are rather early maturing (July
and August) and for this reason probably are biennial.
History of Quercus mcvaughii- Until recently, northern Sierra Madre Occidental has been relatively inacces-
sible. Quercus mcvaughii apparently was first collected in
Durango in 1886 (Palmer 76) and in Chihuahua in 1887
(Pringle 1361, 1362). Among the material I have seen,
there were very few collections made before 1950 (e.g.,
Hartman 713, LeSueur 536, Mexia 2590, Muller 3509,
3564, White 3358), only 15 were made from 1950 through
1969, but more than 90 were gathered sin ce 1970.
In discussions of the vegetation of the northem Sierra
Madre (LeSueur, 1945; Rzedowski, 1978; Brown, 1982)
Quercus mcvaughii has been called Q. fu/va, perhaps following the concept of Q. fu/va of Trelease (1924), who
cited several collections of Q. fu/va from Chihuahua and
Durango. Among them are Pringle 1361 and Palmer 76.
1204
[Vol. 79
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
68
o
o
•
58
<D
O')
e:
Q. CRASSIFOLIA (southern)
Q. MCVAUGHII
Q. CRASSIFOLIA (northern)
•
48
ctS
e:
"<D
>
~
ctS
D
38
28
1
1.4
1.8
2.2
2.6
3
leaf length (mm) 1 leaf width (mm)
Fig. 3. Comparison of leaf characteristics of Quercus crassifolia and Q. mcvaughii (N= 56). Quercus crassifolia (northem) (N= 13) is from
westem Durango and Chihuahua; Q. crassifolia (southem) (N= 103) is from elsewhere in the range, from Nuevo Leon to Guatamala. Quercus
mcvaughii leaves tend to be proportionately wider than leaves of Q. crassifolia (southem or northem, P < 0.001 in each comparison); difference
between the two Q. crassifolia samples is significant at P = 0.0 11. Angle formed by midrib and secondary veins tends to be greater in Q. mcvaughii
than in Q. crassifolia from Chihuahua and westem Durango (P < 0.01), but there is no difference between Q. mcvaughii and Q. crassifolia (southem)
(P = O. 7). Angle formed by veins is different between samples of Q. crassifo/ia at P < 0.00 l. Differences determined by Mann-Whitney U test.
At a glance the dense, very pale brown pubescence on the
adaxial leaf surface is superficially similar to that of Q.
fulva as delimited by McVaugh (1974), but these specimens represent Quercus mcvaughii. As McVaugh noted,
Quercus fulva has a low, hard pubescence of stiff sessile
hairs with 15-20 spreading and overlapping branches, and
acorn cups with margins strongly inrolled (e.g., Spellenberg et al. 9024), contrasting with the fewer-branched,
taller, intertangled hairs of Q. mcvaughii. Presently, Quercusfulva is not known from Chihuahua. Specimens 1 ha ve
seen from Chihuahua identified or annotated as Q. fulva
are all Q. mcvaughii.
Most specimens of Q. mcvaughü have been identified
and deposited in herbaria as Q. crassifolia, a more accurate
assessment of relationships. As noted above, this species
has taller, prominently stipitate hairs with intertangled
branches on the abaxial epidermis ofthe leaves, the epidermis often easily visible between the hairs, and margins
of acorn cups are not inrolled. Pennington (1969) wrote
about plants useful to the Tepehuan lndian culture in
southwestern Chihuahua, and he cited Q. crassifolia many
times. Among his voucher specimens are two different
oaks by this name. One is Q. crassifolia (sensu McVaugh,
197 4, and this paper; Pennington 117, 177, 178); the other
is Q. mcvaughü (Pennington 349). The first is from near
Llano Grande, northwest ofBabigorame, the plant noted
to grow in arroyos. The other is from Babigorame, but
habitat is not specified. Pennington also noted that Q.
fulva was useful to the Tarahumara lndians farther north
in Chihuahua. This must actually refer to Q. mcvaughii,
for it is common in west-central Chihuahua, whereas Q.
crassifolia is not, and Q.fulva (sensu stricto) is not known
to occur there.
Quercus mcvaughii is also figured in Trelease (1924, pl.
256, lower), where as a paratype (Hartman 713) it is
supposed to represent fruiting material of Quercus pennivenia that Trelease was describing therein. Quercus pennivenia was typified by a vegetative specimen, photographed for the upper figure in the plate. The fruiting
Hartman 713 (not seen) was gathered in extreme western
Chihuahua in "mountains west of Chuchichupa" [sic =
Chuhuichupa] (Trelease, 1924). Quercus mcvaughü is
common in this area (Muller 3564, Spellenberg & Zimmerman 8948), but 1 have not seen material of Q. pennivenia from this far north. Quercus mcvaughü and Q.
pennivenia are distinct, but when abaxial pubescence on
young leaves has not started to thin in Q. pennivenia, the
two are sometimes difficult to distinguish without clase
inspection (cf. Spellenberget al. 9829 [= Q. m.] and 9830
[= Q. p.]). Quercus pennivenia, however, has two to about
15 small acorns in dense clusters (e.g., Spellenberg et al.
10830), whereas those of Q. mcvaughü are larger and
usually single or in twos (cf. Trealease, 1924, pl. 256),
rarely more. Also, largest lea ves óf Q. pennivenia are usually much larger than any leaves of Q. mcvaughii.
Intergradation of Quercus mcvaughii with other black
oaks-As is well known, oaks are notorious for interspecific hybridization (e.g., Johnson, 1939; Palmer, 1948;
Tucker, 19 59; Benson, 1962; Whittemore and Schaal,
October 1992]
SPELLENBERG-NEW OAK FROM NORTHERN SIERRA MADRE
1991 ). Accommodation of this feature of oak biology is
critica} to deve1oping a usable species concept (Burger,
1975) and is probably an expression of an evolutionary
strategy that accommodates environmental change as discussed specifically for oaks by Van Valen ( 1992), and
which has been proposed for entire floras by Rattenbury
(1962). Quercus mcvaughü is very commonly associated
with Q. coccolobifolia Trel. in the northem Sierra Madre,
and with Q. emoryi Torr. and Q. viminea Trel. on the
east and west sides of the mountain range, respectively,
black oaks that by their morphology are believed to be
distantly related to Q. mcvaughii. There are no known
hybrids of Q. mcvaughü with any of these.
Perhaps more closely related to Q. crassifolia and Q.
mcvaughü, two other oaks in the Sierra Madre ha ve dense
felty pubescence of sessile hairs of various sizes on the
abaxial surfaces ofthe lea ves and Q. mcvaughü intergrades
with these. Q. sideroxyla has smaller leaves with very
dense low tomentum and Q. mcvaughü seems to íntergrade with it in Chihuahua (e.g., Spellenberg 8415). More
apparent is the intergradation of Q. mcvaughü with Q.
hypoleucoides at lower elevations along both sides and at
the northem end of the Sierra Madre (e.g., Spellenberg
7669, 9177, 9545, 9796, perhaps Pringle 1361 [GH], and
Turner, Dodge, Mason 2130D, a specimen that is part of
a long series consisting mostly of Q. hypoleucoides, but
the same label data is used for Q. mcvaughii [2096]). Many
of these intergradient plants are virtually indistinguishable from an isotype of Q. epileuca (Hartman 337, US).
Intergradient plants also strongly resemble two collections
from the Santa Catalina Mountains in Arizona (Harrison
s.n.; Mason s.n.). It is well documented that vegetation
has fiuctuated altitudinally and latitudinally during the
Quatemary (e.g., Van Devender, Betancourt, and Wimberly, 1984; Van Devender and Burgess, 1985), and Axelrod and Raven (1985) briefiy mention a southward restriction ofMadrean taxa from the Intermountain Region
of the westem United States in the late Tertiary. The
peculiar specimens from the Santa Catalina Mountains
may be from trees that expressed genes acquired during
past contact with sorne broad-leaved black oak such as
Q. mcvaughü. A similar event is postulated for two white
oaks, Q. gambelü Nutt. and Q. macrocarpa Michx., in
the westem United States (Maze, 1968; Schnabel and Hamrick, 1990). When habitat, geographic position, and morphology of Quercus mcvaughü are considered in concert
with the oak species associated with it, the propensity of
oak species to hybridize, and the history of southwestem
North American vegetation, the origin of Q. mcvaughü
by hybridization and subsequent stabilization of hybrid
derivatives is plausible. Quercus crassifolia and sorne species with sessile dense pubescence are potential candidates
for parental types. This hypothesis is presently under investigation.
1205
LITERA TURE CITED
AxELROO, D. 1., ANO P. H. RAYEN. 1985. Origins of the Cordilleran
flora. Journal of Biogeography 12: 21-47.
BENSON, L. 1962. Plant taxonomy. Ronald Press, New York, NY.
BROWN, D. E. 1982. Madrean evergreen woodland (vegetation type
123.3). In D. E. Brown [ed.], Biotic communities ofthe American
Southwest- United States and Mexico. Desert Plants 4: 1-342.
BURGER, W. C. 1975. The species concept in Quercus. Taxon 24: 4550.
GONZALEZ VILLAREAL, L. M. 1986. Contribución al conocimiento del
genero Quercus (Fagaceae) en el estado de Jalisco. Colección Flora
de Jalisco. Instituto de Botánica, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
HOLMGREN, P. K., N. H. HOLMGREN, ANO L. C. BARNETT. 1990. lndex
herbariorum, part I: the herbaria of the world, 8th ed. Regnum
Vegatabile, vol. 120. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY.
JoHNSON, L. P. V. 1939. A descriptive list of natural and artificial
interspecific hybrids in North America forest-tree genera. Canadian
Journal of Research 17: 411-444.
LESUEUR, H. 1945. The ecology ofthe vegetation ofChihuahua, Mexico, north ofparallel twenty-eight. University ofTexas Publication
No. 4521, Austin, TX.
MAZE, J. 1968. Past hybridization between Quercus marcocarpa and
Quercus gambelii. Brittonia 20: 321-333.
McVAUGH, R. 1974. Fagaceae. Flora Novo-Galiciana. Contributions
from the University ofMichigan Herbarium 12 (part 1, no. 3), 193. University ofMichigan, Ann Arbor, MI.
PALMER, E. J. 1948. Hybrid oaks of North America. Journal of the
Arnold Arboretum 29: 1-48.
PENNINGTON, C. W. 1969. The Tepehuan ofChihuahua; their material
culture. University ofUtah Press, Salt Lake City, UT.
RAOFORD, A. E., W. C. DICK.ISON, J. R. MASSEY, ANO C. R. BELL. 1974.
Vascular plant systematics. Harper and Row, New York, NY.
RATTENBURY,J. A. 1962. Cyclichybridizationasasurvivalmechanism
in the New Zealand forest flora. Evolution 16: 348-363.
RzEDOWSKI, J. 1978. Vegetación de México. Editorial Limusa, Mexico,
D.F., Mexico.
SCHNABEL, A., ANO J. L. HAMRICK. 1990. Comparative analysis of
population genetic structure in Quercus macrocarpa and Q. gambelii
(Fagaceae). Systematic Botany 15: 240-251.
TRELEASE, W. 1924. The American oaks. Memoirs of the National
Academy ofSciences USA 20, 1-255 + 420 plates. Reprinted 1969,
Plant monograph reprints, vol. 4, J. Cramer and H. K. Swan (eds.).
Stechert-Hafner Service Agency, New York, NY.
TuCKER, J. M. 1959. A review ofhybridization in North American
oaks. Proceedings of the 9th International Botanical Congress, vol.
2, 404-405. University ofToronto Press, Toronto.
VAN DEVENOER, T. R., J. L. BETANCOURT, ANO M. WIMBERLY. 1984.
Biogeographic implications of a packrat midden sequence from the
Sacramento Mountains, south-central New Mexico. Quaternary Research 22: 344-360.
- - , ANO T. L. BuRGESS. 1985. Late Pleistocene woodlands in the
Bolson de Mapimi: a refugium for the Chihuahuan Desert biota?
Quaternary Research 24: 346-353.
VAN VALEN, L. 1992. Ecological species, multispecies, and oaks, chapt.
4. In M. Ereshefsky [ed.], The units of evolution-essays on the
nature ofspecies. Bradford Book, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
WHITTEMORE, A. T., AND B. A. ScHAAL. 1991. Interspecific gene flow
in sympatric oaks. Proceedings ofthe National Academy ofSciences,
USA 88: 2540-2544.
1206
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOT ANY
l.
Specimens cited: (acronym ESAHE is for Escuela Superior de Agricultura "Hermanos Escobar" in Cd. Juarez, CHIH
for Escuela Superior Zootecnica, Universidad Autonoma de Chihuahua; other acronyms are from Holmgren, Holmgren, and Barnett, 1990). Collections by Spellenberg and associates are at NMC
and MEXU, with many duplicates at BH, CAS, and elsewhere
APPENDIX
Oak species
Quercus crassifo/ia-Guatemala: Harmon & Dwyer 2609, 7.6 km E of
Patzon, Chimaltenango, 21 Jun 1970 (MO); Mexico: Chiapas: Breedlove 33714, Mcpo. La Independencia, road from Las Margaritas to
Campo Alegre, 18 Feb 1973 (LL, MO); Chihuahua: Ferguson s.n.,
Basaseachic Falls, 26 Jun 1986 (ARIZ); Pennington 117, near Llano
Grande, 14 May 1960 (DAV); 177, near Llano Grande, 23 May 1960,
(DA V); 178, near Llano Grande, 23 May 1960, (DAV); Spel/enberg
et al. 8468, 847 5, Mcpo. Ocampo, Basaseachic, 27 Apr 1986; Spellenberg & Corral 9629, same locality, 1 Aug 1989; 9655.1, 5 km E
of Ocampo, 2 Aug 1989; Spel/enberg & Jewel/ 9404, Mcpo. Ocampo,
1.25 m1. E ofOcampo, 14 Sep 1987; Spellenberg 10829, Mcpo. Ocampo, 2.25 km NW of Pinos Altos, 28 Jun 1991; Durango: Spel/enberg
& Gonza/ez E. 10360, ca. 47 air km SSW of Vicente Guerrero 26
Jul 1990; 10377, 57 air km SW of Vicente Guerrero, 1 km N of
junction to Mesquital, 27 Jul 1990; Jalisco: McVaugh 25968 10-11
km N of Tapalpa, road to Chiquilistlan, 30 Jan 1975 (MICH); Michoacan: Hinton 15026, Coalcoman, Sierra Toricillas, 28 Jul 1939
(ARIZ, GH, LL); Nuevo Leon: Nixon et al. 4041, Mcpo. Zaragosa,
4.5 mi. SW of Zaragosa, 28 Sep 1983 (DA V, TEX).
Quercus fulva-Mexico: Sinaloa: Spellenberg, Zimmerman, & Zucker
9024, M ex. Highway 40 3 km W of Durango border, 20 Feb 1987.
Quercus mcvaughii-Chihuahua: Hartman 713, mountains west of
Chuchichupa (not seen, cited in Trelease [1924] as "at Cambridge");
LeSueur 536, near Cocheno, 3 Jul 1936 (ARIZ, CAS, GH, MO, TEX);
Mexia 2590, Mcpo. Guerrero, canyon Arroyo Ancho, 5 Jun 1929
(CAS); Muller 3509, 15 mi. N of Madera, 26 Sep 1939 (GH, LL);
Mu/ler 3564, 12 mi. E of Chuhuichupa, 28 Sep 1939 (GH, LL);
Pennington 349, Baborigame, 8 Jun 1960 (DAV); Pringle 1361, Sierra
Madre, 9 Oct 1887 (A); Spel/enberg et al. 8059, Basaseachic, 27 Apr
1985; Spe/lenberg & Zimmerman 8948, 5. 7 mi. W of El Poleo, 15
Nov 1986; Spellenberg & Jewel/ 9406, 27 mi. S of junction of San
Juanito road with Yepachic-Tomochic road, 14 Sep 1987; Spe/len-
APPENDIX
l.
[Vol. 79
Continued
berg 9653, 6.5 km E of Ocampo, 1 Aug 1988; Spellenberg & Corral
9655.2, 5 km E of Ocampo, 2 Aug 1989; 9629, Mcpo. Ocampo,
Basaseachic, 1 Aug 1989; Spel/enberg, Boecklen. & Zimmerman 9794,
ca. 25 air km WSW of Madera, 19 Jun 1989; Spellenberg, Boecklen,
& Zimmerman 9829, Pinos Altos, 22 Jun 1989; Spel/enberg & Zucker
10758, Mcpo. Guachochic, on Creel-Guachochic road, 24 km S of
junction to Batopilas, 22 Nov 1990; Tucker 2589, 47 1/4 mi. west of
Vieja Casas Grandes, 30 Aug 1952 (ARIZ); Durango: Palmer 76, vic.
Santiago Papasquiaro, April and August, 1896 (A, GH, US); Sonora:
Turner, Dodge, & Masan 2096, El Tigre Canyon and Mountain above
El Tigre Mine, 9 Sep 1961 (ARIZ, DA V); White 3358, Sierra del
Tigre, Las Tierritas del Temblor, 18 Aug 1940 (ARIZ, GH).
Quercus pennivenia-Chihuahua: Spellenberg, Boecklen, & Zimmerman 9830, Pinos Altos, 22 Jun 1989; Spellenberg 10830, same locality, 28 J un 1991.
Quercus crassifolia intermediate to Q. mcvaughii- Mexico: Durango:
Maysilles 7342, east slopes ofCerro Prieto (about 20 airline mi. west
of Otinapa), 10 July 1950 (TEX); Spellenberg & Gonzales E. 10377,
57 air km SW ofVicente Guerrero on road toLas Margaritas, 27 Jul
1990; Worthington 8882, 4.5 road mil. S of Otinapa, 19 Aug 1982
(TEX); San Luis Potosi: Wendt & Chiang 247, Cerro El Potosi, above
city ofSLP, 30 May 1974 (LL, TEX).
Quercus mcvaughii intermedia/e to Q. hypoleucoides- United States:
Arizona: Harrison s.n., Pima Co., Girl Scout Camp on Mt. Lemmon,
Jul 1968 (DAV); Masan s.n., Santa Catalina Mts., Rose Canyon, 3
Oct 1956 (ARIZ, DA V); Mexico: Chihuahua: Pringle 1361, Sierra
Madre, 9 October 1887 (GH); Spellenberg & Soreng 7669, ca. 11 km
SSW of Gomez Farias, N end Sierra Choriachic, 13 Apr 1984; Spellenberg et al. 9176, Mcpo. Casas Grandes, 21 air km SW ofNuevo
Casas Grandes, 9 Jun 1987; 9177 at site 9176; 9545 (close to and
including Q. mcvaughii, Mcpo. Adolfo Lopez Mateos, 34 km W of
La Junta(= Adolfo Lopez Mateos), 31 Jul 1988; 9546 (close to and
including Q. hypoleucoides) at site 9545; Spellenberg, Boecklen, &
Zimmerman 9796, estimated 25 air km WSW of Madera, W of Rio
Simpa, 19 Jun 1989; Sonora: Hartman 337, Sierra del Nacori, 12
Dec 1890 (US = isotype of\Q. epileuca); Turner, Dodge, & Masan
2130D, El Tigre Canyon and Mountain above El Tigre Mine, 9 Sep
1961 (DAV).
Quercus mcvaughii intermediate to Q. sideroxyla-Mexico: Chihuahua:
Spellenberget al. 8415, 43 km W ofTomochic, 25 Apr 1986.
204
BULLETIN
E~~~~
OF THE TORREY
\
BOTANICAL
~
CLUB
~\
[VOL. 115
~~~~~~~
'
discolorsubsp. macvaughii(McVaugh 25976). A, habit. B, maturefruit.C, flower.
Fig. 1. Comarostaphylis
D and E, leaves.
trichomes;Jaliscoacross Mexico to Guatemala ....
2a. C. discolorsubsp. discolor.
2. Largestleaves typicallyless than 7 x 2 cm,
oftenmuch less; inflorescencesglabrous;
Sierra de Tapalpa, Jalisco .............
2b. C. discolorsubsp. macvaughii.
........
1. Leaves tomentuloseto tomentosebelow; petioles and youngtwigstomentuloseto tomentose; inflorescenceswith eglandularor glandular trichomes;Michoacan to Jalisco.
3. Inflorescenceswithglandulartrichomes;Jalisco ................................
.... 2c. C. discolorsubsp. manantlanensis.
3. Inflorescences
tomentuloseto tomentose,the
trichomesalways eglandular;Michoacan
2d. C. discolorsubsp. rupestris.
..........
McVaugh 25967 (holotype,MICH!, photos BRIT! MEXU! NY! WIS!, Diggs neg.
33). The subspecificepithet honors the
collector, Dr. Rogers McVaugh, well
knownbotanistand importantstudentof
the floraof W Mexico. Spelling is modifiedto conformwith Recommendation
73C.4a of the ICBN (Voss et al. 1983).
Fig. 1.
Ab aliis subspp. statura minore, pubescentia nulla, foliis inflorescentiisqueminoribuset distributionegeographicadiffert.
Erectto trailingor uprightshrubsto 1 m
tall, some individuals floweringwhen only
2b. Comarostaphylis discolor (Hooker) approx. 10 cm tall; bark grayto brownishDiggs subsp. macvaughii Diggs, subsp. red, peeling and flakingin small pieces;
nov. TYPE: Mexico. Jalisco: Mountains youngtwigsglabrous.Leaves linear to nar10-11 km N of Tapalpa, rd. to Chiquil- rowlyelliptic to ovate-elliptic,1.4-7(-9.8)
istlan, pine forestsnr. summits, 2300- x 0.2-2(-2.7) cm, usuallyat thesmallerend
2350 m, 30-31 January 1975 (fl, fr), of the range of leaf size variation,apically
1988]
DIGGS: COMAROSTAPHYLIS DISCOLOR SUBSPECIES
acute to acuminate, mucronate, margins
eitherentireor witha fewscatteredteethor
marginal callose thickenings,or distinctly
serrulate,abaxially and adaxially glabrous;
petioles to 3(-5) mm long, glabrous. Inflorescencesracemose or paniculate,to 3.3 cm
long,glabrous,floralbracts,bracteoles,and
calyx lobes ciliate by eglandulartrichomes.
Flowers: corollas 4.5-5.0 x 3.7-4.5 mm,
pink withwhitelobes, externallyglabrous.
205
subsp. macvaughii is distinguishedmorphologicallyby extremelylow growthform
(to ca. 1 m tall, but oftenfloweringwhen
ca. 10 cm high),typicallyverysmall leaves
(usuallymuch smallerthansubsp. discolor),
and verysmall inflorescences.
Because ofits
morphologicaldistinctnessand geographical isolation,I am recognizingthe taxon at
the level of subspecies. While the evolutionaryoriginof subsp. macvaughiiis unclear, the nearly complete lack of pubescence would suggestit originatedfromthe
widespreadsubsp. discolor.
Distribution and Ecology. Comarostaphylis discolor subsp. macvaughii is
known only fromthe type locality in the
mountains near Tapalpa, Jalisco. Associ- 2c. Comarostaphylis discolor (Hooker)
Diggssubsp.manantlanensis
Diggs,subsp.
pungens,Arbuates includeArctostaphylos
nov. TYPE: Mexico. Jalisco: Mun. Cuautustesselata,Crataegussp., Quercussp., Piat
titlan,nr. crestof Sierrade Manantlkan
nus lumholtzii, and Oxalis sp. On the
Las Capillas, 25 km by rd. SE of Rancho
summitsI observed,the plants occurredas
Las Joyas,2800-2850 m, 1-2 Jun 1986
scatteredindividuals. However, according
(fl),Diggs et al. 3767 (holotype,MEXU!;
to label data (Mc Vaugh 25967, MICH),
isotypes,BM! CR! DAV! DEK! DUKE!
subsp.macvaughiiis "Veryabundantin pine
ENCB! F! G! GH! IBUG! ISC! K! Laforestnear summits." This may be an inboratorioNaturalLas Joyas!M! MO! NY!
dication thatthe subspecies is successional
SMU! TEX! US! WILLI! WIS (pop. samin its occurrence.Flowand thustransitory
ple of 15 indivs.)! XAL!).
Fig. 2.
recordsare fromlate Janeringand fruiting
uary.
Ab aliis subspp. foliis infra,petiolis raSpecimens Examined. MEXICO. JALISCO: Sierra mulisque novellis eglanduloso-pubescentide Tapalpa, between Tapalpa and Chiquilistlan,ca. bus, inflorescentiaglanduloso-hirtella,et
10-12 km (by rd.) NNW of Tapalpa, steep forested distributionegeographicadiffert.
slopes and summitsW of rd.,ca. 2300-2500 m, 4 Jun
Erect shrubs to 2.5 m tall; capable of
1986 (st),Diggs etal. 3791 (WIS), 3792 (IBUG, MEXU,
NY, SMU, WIS), 3806 (F, MO, NY, US, WIS); same sproutingafterfiredamage; bark shredding,
localityand date as type,McVaugh 25969 (MICH(2));
dark grayto nearlyblack; youngtwigsferCerro del Fraile, nr. Tapalpa, 2400 m, 26 May 1968 ruginously tomentulose, the trichomes
(fl), Villarrealde Puga 1697 (IBUG, ENCB).
eglandular, a few individuals with small
While workingon a revision of Coma- scatteredglandulartrichomes,barkon young
rostaphylis(Diggs 1981), I was able to ob- twigs shredding, orangish underneath.
tain onlythreesheetsof thistaxon and con- Leaves clusterednear the stem tips, fewer
cluded on thebasis oftheextremelyreduced present on the lower branches, narrowly
infloresencesand very small leaves (the lanceolate to broadly elliptic,to 17.7 x to
smallestknown in the genus), thatits rela- 5.3 cm, apicallyacute, marginallyserrulate,
tionshipswere withthe rathersmall leaved upper surfaceglabrous or sparselytomenC. polifolia. However, duringthe summer tulose when young, lower surface ferrugiof 1986, I was able to visit the mountains nous-tomentulose,sometimes densely so,
of Tapalpa and foundthattherewas a near- becomingless so withage,veryyoungleaves
lycompletegradientin leafsize rangingfrom sometimeswith canescent tomentum;petthose approaching C. discolor subsp. dis- ioles to 15 mm long, indumentumas on
paniculate,to 17
colorto thosewithverysmallleaves. In fact, youngtwigs.Inflorescences
some individuals had leaves approaching cm long, sometimes with reddish color"typical"subsp.discoloron one branch,and ation;rachis,pedicels,bracts,bracteoles,and
on other branches had extremelyreduced calyx lobes glandular-hirtellous,the trileaves. It was thus clear thatthe new taxon chomes stalked,swollen-headedand glanwas relatedto subsp. discolor.
dular,to ca. 1 mm long; floralbracts,bracHowever, while fallingwithinthe range teoles and calyx lobes glandular-ciliate.
of variation of Comarostaphylisdiscolor, Flowers:corollas 4.5-6 x ca. 3 mm, exter-
WRI HTIA
VoL
ME
DE
3
T DI
EMBER,
1963
F TH • A 1 Rl
Yn
. L
o\
RTH
MREH
MYR l A 'h
l..-1
DE L
In connecti n wi h re vi. ionary w rk n t hr g
American ·p ci s of Ardi ia, additi nal n rlti
note: includ . n men l· tural hang ,' and nrw
ynm·di ia fez i: re o nized a:-; di~tn
t from
gen ric :tatu ·.
nu: Paralh
: arP d •: ríb d.
nam .. 1 h
p; nu.
Ardí ·ia, and rais
t
Ardisia M cV aughii Lun 1 ll, sp. n v.
Frutex v 1 arbor parva, ramuli ra il R, gla ri; f lia p ·t.ioli. · 3- mm.
longi ~ ti pi tata· lamina oblan
lata vrl blanc ]at -rllipti a 7- 1 m.
longa, 2.5-5.5 m. lata, , pi e a urninat· v 1 :ubabrupte un inat· la. i
angu tata acuta, intr ra v 1 bscure renulata la ra membrana a vel
O'Iandul .: -pub rula, pani ·ulat ·
. ubchartac a; infl r e ntia t rminal.~,
mm. Ion i r ro u.·quf' ad
u que ad 3 c1 . longa, 4 cm. lata· pr Ii elli 2
7 mm. 1 n i p rce landulo: -I u ruli · fi r : .·ub rymb ·i¡ .· pal lan olata ve!
blon o-lan eolata 1. 7 2 mm. 1 ng
landu1 S( -cili lata
pune ata· petala vato-lan e lata 3.
mm. 1 n a, ba:i onnata
1 mm., d n. e glandul . -pu erula pun tata· :ta ina 4.. 5 mm. 1 ng
petala multo . up rantia · filamenta 4-4.5 mm. 1 n a labra · nth ra'
cm·datae, ca. 0.5 mm. 1 n a'
pun t ta ;
anun p r
glan lul :opuberulum · vula num ro. a, pluri. eriat imm r; ~ .
MEXT
: J ali. e , . teep moun ain. 11- 12 mil · outh of Talpa d • All 11l , iu th
headwater f a we:-t 1 ranch of Rio le Talpa, harr n a abov a rapid l nr ~tr
am in
den e fore t of Qu TC/1 ' rarpinu.o:., Di. l!llium, Jf agnol1'a, Podocnrpll . . witl pi u fnrp ·t
on th ridge. , h v , 1 . 120 - Lí
m.. O . 1 1 , lJllO, Rog rs ,\1 \' nugh 0 .-i!Jfi
(typ MI H; i typ , LL) al unrlun .'hrub 2- : m. hi •h, Aower.· gr ni. h y llcm.
A. i\-1 c1 aughii i. r f ra 1 to the :ub nu: v all ni p:i:
r pr . nted in .. I xi
onl} y .A. t ran n. i. Lun lrll f 'hi pa:.
Ardisia mexicana Lund 11, :p. n v.
d
Frut x ramuli racilr n elli minut pub ruli¡ f lia p ti lí.- u:
bl n - hlanc 1 t
..- - 1 cm. 1 n
1 m. lon i. . ipitata; la m in
77
Two New Species of Passionflower (Passiflora, Passifloraceae) from Southwestern Mexico
Author(s): John M. MacDougal
Source: Novon, Vol. 11, No. 1 (Spring, 2001), pp. 69-75
Published by: Missouri Botanical Garden Press
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3393211
Accessed: 28/05/2010 14:07
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless
you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you
may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use.
Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at
http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=mobot.
Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed
page of such transmission.
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of
content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms
of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.
Missouri Botanical Garden Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to
Novon.
http://www.jstor.org
TwoNew Species of Passionflower(Passiflora,Passifloraceae)from
SouthwesternMexico
John M. MacDougal
MissouriBotanicalGarden,P.0. Box 299, St. Louis,Missouri63116-0299, U.S.A.
chomes0.34.8 mmlong on stem nearnodes,petiole, base of lamina,andmainveins of lamina,also
lightly and microscopicallypuberulentthroughout
with antrorselyappressedcurved sausage-shaped
trichomes.Stemterete,dryingsubangulate,becoming corky with age; actively growingshoot tips
straight,not cernuous.Prophyllof the vegetative
ramifyingbud 1, acutely3(-5)-lobed. StipulesS
7.5 mm long, 0.>1.0 mm wide, narrowlylinearlanceolate.Petioles 14(-5.5) cm long, eglandular
or with one or two saucer-shapednectaryglands
0.5-2 mmdiam.,the glandsthen0.554.75(X.85)
the distancefromthe base towardthe apex of the
Revisionof collectionsfora treatmentof the Pas- petiole. Laminas14(-7.5) cm long along central
sifloraceaeof Mexico,of which Passifora is the vein, 6-18(-23) cm wide,peltate1-5(-7) mmfrom
only genus present,has shownthat approximately margin,transverselyellipticto transversely
narrow10%of the 68 nativespecies remainundescribed. ly elliptic (widely divaricatelybilobed), ratio of
Twonew species fromthe subtropicaland temper- widthto centrallobe length3.3-6.5(-9.0), radiately
ate mountainsof southwesternMexico are de- ca. 5-nerved,with a majorvein goingto the point
scribedhere in preparationfor a treatmentof the of each laterallobe, and a centralvein extending
family for Flora Novo-Galiciana(MacDougal,in to the truncatemarginor into a short deltoid or
prep.).Thefirstof the new species treatedherehas obtuselypointedobsoletelobe, coriaceous,somebeen knownfromcollectionsfor twocenturies,but timesvariegatedalongthe mainveins, the margins
is only now being recognized.The otherwas col- entireandhyaline,the laterallobesacute,the angle
lected duringstudiesof the floraof the Manantlan betweenthe primarylateralveins (125-)14s175
region(Vazquezet al., 1995).
(-190)°, the ratio of lateralto centrallobe length
1.74.5; laminarnectariesalwaysabsent. PedunPassiflora mevaughiana J. MacDougal,sp. nov. cles (1)2 per node, uniflorous,(9-)12-35(-50) mm
TYPE:Mexico.Mexico:Mpio.Temascaltepec, long;bractsabsentor sometimes1, setaceous,less
N of Temascaltepecon rte. 134, ca. 11 mi. S than 1 mm long. Distinctinflorescencesometimes
of roadto Tequesquipan,
6200 ft., oak woods, presenton older plants,with flowersborneon an
24 Aug. 1978 (fl),MacDougal369 (holotype, axillarycondensedshoot at least 8 cm long with
DUKE;isotypes,IBUG,MEXU).Figures1, 2. abortedlaminas.Flowersca. 1.5-2 cm diam.,pale
PassiJqorascandensad sectionemCiecampertinens.Fo- greenishyellow,the floralstipe (pedicel distal to
lia transverseoblongaleviterpeltatabilobapetioliseglan- articulation)3.5-7 mm (to 9 mm in fruit);hypandulosisvel biglandulosis;
nectariisin laminanullis;lobis thiumW9 mm diam.;sepals S10 mm long, 4.5acutis,venislateralibusangulum(125-)140-190°interse 6.3 mmwide, ovate-triangular,
reflexedat anthesis,
formantibus.
Inflorescentia
bracteisnullis vel bracteasepale
yellowish
green;
petals
none;
filamentouscotaceasolitariapraedita.Floscolorepallideviridi-flavo;
petalis nullis;coronaefilamentisbiseriatis,exterioribus
5.5- ronain 2 series, the outerseries 5.54.7 mmlong,
6.7 mmlongis;operculoplicato;ovarioglabro.Fructusex filiformto linear,spreadingupwardand outwardat
bacca purpureaparvaconstans;seminibus5.0 6.2 mm ca. 45°, pale yellow,withpurplishhue on the proxlongis,4.04.7 mmlatis, foveolato-reticulatis.
imal half, the inner series 2.5 mm long, suberect,
at apex;operculum2 mm long,
Low-climbingherbaceousperennialvine (0.S) capitellate-dilated
1-3 m, rarelyto 8 m, appearingglabrousbut ac- membranous,plicate; limen (disk) 6 mm diam.,
tually sparsely pubescent with unicellular tri- speckled with purple,its raised edge slightlyin-
Twonew species of passionflower
vine
(Passifora,Passifloraceae)fromsouthwesternand
southernMexicoaredescribedandillustrated.Passifora mevaughianaand R manantlanensis,both
in subgenusDecaZoba(DC.)Reichenbach,belong
to sectionsCieca(Medikus)DC. and Decaloba,respectively.Thisbringsthe numberof namednative
species of Passifora recognizedin Mexicoto 68,
with 21 nativeto the southwesternarea knownas
NuevaGalicia.
Key words: Mexico,Nueva Galicia,Passifora,
Passifloraceae.
ABSTRACT.
NOVON11: 69-75. 2001.
70
Novon
clined away fromthe column;staminalfilaments ation,being transversely>5-lobed; this leaf came
connate>5 mm along androgynophore,
the free fromthe lowerpartof a sterileshoot.
portions3-3.5 mmlong;anthers2.3 mmlong;ovaThis new species is not rareat higherelevations
ry 2-2.5 mmlong, 1.7-2 mmwide,widelyobovoid, fromJalisco,spottilyall the wayperhapsto Oaxaca.
glabrous;styles W5 mm long includingcapitate Liebmann's"Rio Hondo"collectionwas probably
stigmas.Fruit 10-14 mm long, 10-13 mm wide, madein the Distritode Miahuatlanof Oaxaca,for
subglobose,lacking stipe, glabrous,bluish black in October1842 LiebmanntraveledfromCiudad
with glaucousbloom;maturearils ca. 3 mm long, Oaxacasouthwardto the coast (G. Tucker,pers.
whitish,translucent,loosely fittingover the basal comm.).This species was cited as "Passiforasp.
1/3 to 1/2of seed, tough,not gelatinous;
seeds 2-10 nov.2" in Vazquezet al. (1995: 211). At the type
perfruit,(5.0-)5.5 6.2 mmlong,4.04.7 mmwide, localityin Mexico,it is associatedwithE pavonis
2.W3.0 mmthick,widelyobovate,campylotropous, Masters.
foveate-reticulate
with 12-18 foveae,the edges of
McCormick(1982: 191) screenedleaf samples
the pits often forming1 or 2 longitudinalridges, of MacDougal369GRfor flavonoids,and foundno
the chalazal beak broadlyand bluntly conical, detectablelevels of C-glycosylflavones
or flavonol
nearlyerect to slightlyinclinedtowardraphe.
3-O-glycosides,the latter often found in other
membersof sectionCieca,thoughnot in her test of
Ecology. Moisthillsidesand barrancas,in oak, the putativesisterspecies, R obtusifolia.
oak-pine,orpineforest,ormontanemesophyticforPassi.foramovaughiana
wasfirstcollectedby the
est withAlnus,Carpinus,Clethra,Ardisia,Tilia,Po- RoyalBotanicalExpeditionto New Spaintwocendocarpus,Magnolia,Meliosma,(110s)1500-2000
turiesago. It is a greatpleasureto namethis new
m, floweringJune-October,fruitingJuly-Novem- species in honorof RogersMcMaugh
(b. 1909) for
ber.
his contributions
to ourunderstanding
of thehistory
Passifloramevaughianais one of the twospecies
of botanicalexplorationin Mexicoand of tropical
that were reportedfrom southwesternMexicoby
botanyin general.His manyfine collectionsand
Killip(1938)underthe nameof Passiforacoriacea
detailedobservationswith rich label data allowed
Jussieu.The otherwas P. obtusifoliaSesse & Mome to explore and re-collectpopulationsof pascino, extremelysimilarvegetativelyto the newspesionflowersacross Mexicoduringmy field studies
cies and probablyits sister species. All these beof 197S1980, resultingin manydiscoveries.
long to sectionCieca(Medikus)DC.,the apetalous
groupof Passiflora.Passifloramovaughianais disParatypes. MEXICO.
Localityunknown:Sesse& MotinguishedfromP. coriacea,whichdoes not occur cino 4457 [annotated"PassiflorapeltataN."], (F, frags;
in southwesternMexico,by the few-seededfruits MA2 sheets,F neg. nos. 47343, 47344);Sesse& Mocino
withlargeseeds, lack of laminarnectaries,andpet- 4458 [annotated"PassiflorapusillaN."],(F, frag;MA,F
neg. no. 47345). Guerrero: nearriverin bottomof gorge
iolar nectaries often absent. The diagnostically near
Omiltomi[Omiltemi],
6300 ft., 26 Oct.1944 (sterile),
largeseeds are the largestin sectionCieca;in con- Sharp441532 (MEXU).Jalisco: canadaque subeal Filo
trast,the seeds of the closely relatedP. obtusifolia de la Vaca,porla tomade agua,El Zarzamoro,
1980 m,
Arare obovateand 3.94.4(-5.0) mm long by 2.1- 22 July 1992 (fr),Cuevas& Guzman4198 (CHAPA);
royoSanCampus,SierTaManantlan
Occidental,1-2.5 km
2.8(-3.2) mm wide. Petiolarglands numberS2,
distanciaaereaal SW del Rinconde Manantlan,
entreel
and theirpresenceis oftenpolymorphic
withinone puente rustico y el canon, 19°35'30"N,104°13'30"W,
individual.The outercoronais thickerand much 1560-1620 m, 4 Jan. 1985, Judziewicz& Guzma'n
5080
longerthanin P. obtusifolia(see Fig. 2), a species (IBUG,WIS (2)); San Sebastian[del Oeste],trail to E1
of lowerelevations.Leavesfromnon-fertileor pre- Ranchito,1500 m, 10 Jan. 1927 (sterile),Mexia 1448
(CAS,F, UC,US [US sheetcited by Killipas F!coriacea,
reproductivenodeson the middlepartof the plant Mexia
"1148"]);Sierrade Manantlan,
S & W of thedivide
have longer petioles, are more obviouslypeltate, betweenAserraderoSan MiguelUnoand Durazno,moist
are longerand wider,and have a narrowerangle barrancaabovestream,pine forestzone, 1700 m, 7 Nov.
betweenthe lateralveins; these leaves are repre- 1952 (sterile),McEaugh14008 (MICH);Mpio.Talpa,km
sented in the extremesof the leaf measurements 22, brechafromEl Tuitoto Cuale,1100 m, 20 Feb. 1990,
RamgrezDelgadillo& Perezde la Rosa 1976 (IBUG);
given above.
Cuautitlan,2-3 km al NW de Teleruz,1500 m, 13 Nov.
Thename"Passiflora
movaughii"
[MacDougal
ex 1991 (fr),Santanaet al. 5544 (WIS).Mexico: Distr.TeKlucking]wasinvalidlypublishedwithonlyan En- mascaltepec,Rincon,[19°01'N,99°58'W],1960 m, 27
glish description(of foliarfeatures),an illustration Dec. 1932 (fl, fr),Hinton3030 (ASU,BM,DES,K, NY,
Distr.Temascaltepec,
Rincon,"canalbank,"2000 m,
of a leaf, and the citationof [MacDougal]
369, the US);
19 Sep. 1933 (fl, imm.fr), Hinton4655 (BM,K, MEXU,
type-collection of P. mevaughiana (Klucking, S); Mpio.Temascaltepec,clones of type-collectionculti1992). The leaf illustratedis a very unusualvari- vatedat DukeUniversity1978-1981,MacDougal369GR
IO
Is
_-
v) S ms
cD ar <
P: u
U)
..
<
> a aY
W
Co >.
11 1 S
o
t
b''
i
g ;,
o.
¢
tl e
1l
3
S
a
CJ1 S
t
w.
cn
"'
W
X.
n
o
11 B
3
S
>
v
AS
(X751;
P:
cn
CJ1 p;
_.
I
t
tF
_.
*tl Q=
o-
o
CoDs3o
l
I
U)
D
O
C
CD
CD -
* a
b
Q
o v_
na
-N
o
I
D
cX pD
crn
Cz 0t
g
su
w
t_ r
-/;
'l ^X
* S
I CD
\
w
'i'
<
\
uS:
;
\
t;
'\
\
\
/
Novon
72
Figure2. Flowerof Passifora mevaughiana J. MacDougalcomparedto the closely relatedP. obtusifolia Sesse &
Moclno -Left, Pas.sifora mevaughiana (MacDougal 369GR).-llight, Passiftora obtusifolia (MacDougal & Mile.y
(DUKE,MICH,MO).Oaxaca?:[Distr.Miahuatlan?],
Rfo
Hondo,Oct. 1842 (fl),Liebnzann4080 (Passiflora 3) (C).
Passiflora
manantlanensis
TYPE:
Mexico.
ralitos,
19-20
19°36'50"N,
Mar.
3-4
km
al
104°16'07"W,
1988
(fl, imm.
(holotype,
ZEA).
J. MacDougal,
Jalisco:
IBUG
Figure
fr),
no.
km
SE
sp. nov.
al E de
de
Cor-
Autlan,
1650-1750
m,
2
Cuevas& Nunez2307
97289;
isotypes,
WIS,
3.
Passif ora scandensad sectionemDecalobam pertinens.
Folia bilobapetioliseglandulosis;lobis acutis,venis lateralibusangulum30-60° interse formantibus.
Pedunculi
(2-)3-9-flori;bracteis2.7-13 mmlongis,1-10 mmlatis,
ambituovatisvel late lanceolatis,profunde5-9-fidis vel
-fissis.Flos coloreperpallideviridi-flavo
vel eburneo;coronaefilamentisbiseriatis,exterioribus3-4 mm longis;
operculoplicato; ovario dense pilosulo vel subglabro.
Fructusex bacca purpureaparvaconstans;seminibus
(7)8-9-sulcatis.
Climbing
ly
herbaceous
short-pubescent
suberect
and
unicellular
Stem
low
lous;
triangle
posture
vegetative
straight
trichomes
slightly
vine
to
3 m, dense-
throughout
or
antrorse-curving
slightly
(0.1-)0.4-1.0(-1.4)
compressed,
with
to at least
pilosulous
in cross
rounded
of shoot
ramifying
tip
bud
9 mm long,
0.5-0.7(-0.9)
triangular,
drying
edges,
unknown.
mm
section
brownish.
Petioles
pilosu-
Prophyll
of the
Stipules
linear
long.
a shal-
densely
1, lanceolate.
mm wide,
with
4-
to linear-
1-2(-3)
cm
long, eglandular.Laminas(5.5-)7-15(-16.5) cm
long in outline,3.8-11(-14) cm long alongcentral
vein, 4-12(-14) cm wide at widestpoint,truncateelliptic in outline,shallowlyto usuallydeeply bilobed1/5 to 1/2the distanceto the base of the lamina,
centralvein lengthalwaysequalto or shorterthan
widthof leaf, notvariegated,the marginsentire,the
lateral lobes acute, rarelyalso abruptlyrounded
apically, the angle between the primarylateral
veins (30-)35-55(-60)°, the ratioof lateralto centrallobe length(1.2-)1.4-2.3, the centralvein ending in a 1-5 mmlong mucro,rarelya centrallobe
evident but then very much shorterthan lateral
lobes and nearlyobsoleteand obtuse or rounded;
laminarnectariesabsent.Peduncles(1)2 per node,
(2)3-9-flowered,the primaryaxis (5-)8-15 mm
longto the firstbranch,secondaryaxes (andtertiary
axes, if present)2-10 mm long, pedicels (ultimate
branchesbelow articulationof flower)4-15 mm
long;bracts2.7-10(-13) mm long, (1-)1.5-8(-10)
mm wide, ovate to widely lanceolatein outline,
deeply5-9-fid or cleft, the centersegmentalways
muchthe longest.Flowersca. 2-2.5 cm diam.,very
pale greenishyellow (marfil,verde)flushed centrallywithdull violet,apparentlyfacingabovehorizontalat anthesis;floralstipe (pediceldistalto articulation) absent or to 1 mm long in fruit;
hypanthiumca. 4.5 mm diam.; sepals 8-12 mm
long, 3-3.5 mm wide, narrowlylanceolate-oblong,
A new species of Sicyos L. (Cucurbitaceae) from
Oaxaca, Mexico
ISELA RODR[GUEZ-ARIffVALO, RAFAEL LIRA, AND
ISMAEL CALZADA
Rodrfguez-Ardvalo, I.*, R. Lira & I. Calzada (Unidad de Biotecnologfa y Prototipos, Universidad Nacional Autdnoma de M6xico, Campus Iztacala, Avenida
de los Barrios s.n. Los Reyes lztacala, Tlalnepantla, Estado de M6xico, C.R
54090, M6xico; e-mail*: iselara@hotmail.com). A new species of Sicyos L. (Cucurbitaceae) from Oaxaca, Mexico. Brittonia 57: 43-46. 2005.--Sicyos
mcvaughii, a new species from Oaxaca, is described and illustrated. It is similar
to Sicyos sertuliferus Cogn., and grows in secondary tropical deciduous forest,
between 20 and 630 meters.
Key words:
Cucurbitaceae, Mexico, Oaxaca, Sicyos.
The Cucurbitaceae are represented in
Mexico by 141 species and subspecific taxa
(Lira et al., 2002), grouped into two subfamilies and 34 genera. The genus Sicyos is
one of the most diverse within the family.
In his most recent classification, Jeffrey
(1990) placed Sicyos in subfamily Cucurbitoideae, tribe Sicyeae, subtribe Sicyinae
(along with Sicyosperma, Parasicyos, Microsechium, Sechium, Sechiopsis, and Pter-
osicyos).
According to Jeffrey (1990), Sicyos consists of ca. 40 species. In the last five years
a revision of Mexican Sicyos has been accomplished (Rodrfguez-Ar6valo, 2001). As
a result of this revision, five new species
have been described (Lira & Rodriguez-Ar6valo, 1999; Rodrfguez-Ar6valo & Lira,
2001; R o d r f g u e z - A r 6 v a l o , 2003; R o d r f guez-Ar6valo et al., 2004). We are herein
proposing an additional new species f r o m
Oaxaca, which raises the number of species
of Sicyos k n o w n f r o m Mexico to 17.
Sicyos m c v a u g h i i Rodrfguez-Ar6valo, Lira
& Calzada, sp. nov.
(Fig. 1)
TYPE: M E X I C O . C h i a p a s : M u n i c i p i o
Santa Marfa Huatulco, en la desviaci6n a
Huatulco, carretera Salina Cruz-Puerto Angel, 15~
96~
62 m, 12
N o v 1999, L Rodrfguez-Ardvalo & J. L
Calzada 297 (HOLOTYPE:M E X U ; ISOTYPES:
E N C B , IEB, IZTA, M I C H , MO, NY, XAL).
Herba repens vel scandens. Folia ovato-triangularia
valde acuminata. Flores staminati 5-meri, antheris
exsertis. Flores pistillati 5 - 7 - m e r i , stigmate exserto 3 4-1obo, lobis rotundatis vel ovoideis, reflexis. Sicyo
sertulifero similis, sed f m c t i b u s siccis triangulari-ovoideis, spinis caducis differt.
Scandent m o n o e c i o u s herb, creeping and
c l i m b i n g b y tendrils; s t e m s slender,
branched, sulcate, glabrous to sparsely villous at the nodes. Leaves simple, thin,
m e m b r a n o u s to p a p y r a c e o u s , b r o a d l y
ovate-triangular, 5-7-angulate-lobed, 3 . 5 17 • 3.3-19.6 cm, the lobes wide, triangular, the central lobe longer than the lateral, strongly acuminate, the margin serrulate-denticulate, both surfaces strigose, abaxial surface with the veins more prominent
and the trichomes shorter; petioles 0 . 7 - 6
c m long, sulcate, sparsely to densely glandular-villous; tendrils long-stalked, 2 . 6 - 1 0
c m long, sulcate, 3-6-branched, sparsely to
densely glandular-villous. Staminate inflorescence in the same axil as the pistillate,
panicles, racemes o f umbels, or a combination of both, 7.6-40.5 c m long, erect; peduncle 6.2-22.7 c m long; rachis densely
glandular-pubescent toward the apex; pedicels slender, 2.9-10.6 m m long, ascendant,
Brittonia, 57(1), 2005, pp. 4 3 4 6 .
9 2005, by The New York Botanical Garden Press, Bronx, NY 10458-5126 U.S.A.
ISSUED: 31 March 2005
44
BRITTONIA
[VOL. 57
O
L
FIG. 1. Sicyos mcvaughii. A. Habit. B. Staminate flower. C. Pistillate flower. D. Fruit (Rodrlguez-Ar~valo
& Calzada 297, M E X U )
2005]
RODRIGUEZ-ARI~VALO ET AL.: SICYOS (CUCURBITACEAE)
45
TABLE I
COMPARISON OF THE MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF
Characteristics
Staminate inflorescence
Stigma
Fruit
Fruit armature
Sicyos mcvaughii
Sicyos mcvaughii
Acicular, antrorse, retrorsely barbed,
all caducous
Additional specimens examined. MEXICO. OAXACA. Mpio. Santiago Astata, Distrito de Tehuantepec,
Istmo, por Pie del Cerro, 2 km al NE de Barra de la
Sicyos sertuliferus
Sicyos sertuliferus
Panicles, racemes of umbels or a
combination of both
3-4-lobed, the lobes rounded to
ovoid
Dry, triangular-ovoid, slightly rostrate, 0.8-1 cm long, 0.3-0.6 cm
in diameter, densely armed
densely glandular-pubescent villous; flower
receptacle 5-rnerous, narrowly campanulate, 0 . 6 - 2 m m l o n g , 0 . 8 - 3 m m w i d e ; c a l y x
l o b e s subulate, 0 . 2 - 0 . 4 m m long; c o r o l l a
g r e e n i s h y e l l o w , 5 - m e r o u s , the l o b e s triangular, 1 - 3 • 0 . 5 - 2 m m , the m a r g i n s a n d
adaxial surface densely glandular-villous;
s t a m e n s f u s e d into a c o l u m n 2 . 5 - 4 . 7 m m
long, the filaments forming a central colu m n , the a n t h e r s u n i t e d f o r m i n g a g l o b o s e
h e a d , the t h e c a e c u r v e d . P i s t i l l a t e i n f l o r e s cence umbelliform; peduncle 1-2.2 cm
l o n g , e l o n g a t i n g to 5.5 c m in fruit, d e n s e l y
glandular-villous. Pistillate flowers numerous; o v a r y u n i l o c u l a r , o v o i d , s l i g h t l y rostrate, a r m e d , d e n s e l y g l a n d u l a r - p u b e s c e n t
v i l l o u s ; o v u l e 1, o c c u p y i n g a l m o s t the entire locule; r e c e p t a c l e a n d p e r i a n t h s m a l l e r
t h a n t h o s e o f the s t a m i n a t e flowers; c o r o l l a
w i t h 5 - 7 petals; c o l u m n o f style a n d s t i g m a
2.5 m m l o n g ; s t i g m a s c o n s p i c u o u s l y e x serted, 3 - 4 - l o b e d , the l o b e s r o u n d e d to
o v o i d , reflexed. F r u i t s n u m e r o u s , d r y , 0 . 8 1 c m long, 0 . 3 - 0 . 6 c m in diameter, t r i a n g u l a r - o v o i d , s l i g h t l y rostrate, d e n s e l y a r m e d
e x c e p t for the r o s t r u m ; fruit w a l l thin,
s t r o n g l y a t t a c h e d to the seed, light to d a r k
b r o w n i s h ; s p i n e s 2 - 6 . 3 m m long, acicular,
antrorse, c a d u c o u s , r e t r o r s e l y b a r b e d , y e l lowish. Seed ovoid, compressed, dark
brown.
Distribution.--At
present,
Sicyos
m c v a u g h i i has b e e n c o l l e c t e d o n l y in O a x a c a , M e x i c o , in s e c o n d a r y t r o p i c a l d e c i d u o u s forest, at e l e v a t i o n s b e t w e e n 20 a n d
630 meters.
AND
Racemes of umbels
3-lobed, the lobes triangular
Dry, ovoid, 0.8-1.4 cm long, 0.2--0.6
cm in diameter, with some verrucose, antrorse projections mainly at
the base, glabrous
Acicular, antrorse, retrorsely barbed,
some caducous "and some persistent
Cruz, 15~
95~
20 m, 31 Oct 1998, M.
Elorsa 1021 (MEXU); Mpio. San Miguel del Puerto,
Distrito de Pochutla, San Isidro Chacalapa, 3.5 km N
por brecha hacia Chongo, paso el rfo Chacalapa,
15~
95~
230 m, 25 Oct 1999, C. Perret et al. 671 (MEXU); Zimat~in, 7 km por la carretera
a Huatulco, desviaci6n de la Garza, 15~
96~
30 m, 23 Oct 1999, J. Rivera et al. 2013
(MEXU); Km 234 de la carretera Huatulco-Pochutla,
15~
96~
74 m, 12 Nov 1999, /.
Rodr{guez-Ardvalo & J. L Calzada 298 (MEXU); La
Merced del Potrero, 4 km S, 3.8 km de la brecha,
camino al Colorado Grande, 16~
96~
630 m, 28 Oct 1999, S. Salas et al. 2510 (MEXU).
S i c y o s m c v a u g h i i is c l o s e l y r e l a t e d to S.
s e r t u l i f e r u s C o g n . , w i t h w h i c h it shares e x serted stamens and stigmas, and similar
o v o i d fruits. N e v e r t h e l e s s , S. m c v a u g h i i c a n
b e d i s t i n g u i s h e d f r o m S. s e r t u l i f e r u s b y its
staminate inflorescences, which consist of
panicles, racemes of umbels, or a combin a t i o n o f b o t h , its r o u n d e d to o v o i d s t i g m a
lobes, a n d its c a d u c o u s fruit a r m a t u r e . In
contrast, S. s e r t u l i f e r u s has s t a m i n a t e inflor e s c e n c e s g r o u p e d e x c l u s i v e l y in r a c e m e s
of umbels, triangular stigmatic lobes, and a
combination of caducous and persistent
s p i n e s on the fruit. In a d d i t i o n the t w o s p e cies have different
distributions:
S.
m c v a u g h i i h a s b e e n c o l l e c t e d o n l y in O a x a c a , w h e r e a s S. s e r t u l i f e r u s is k n o w n f r o m
C o s t a R i c a a n d a l o n g the Pacific C o a s t o f
M e x i c o in the states o f C o l i m a , G u e r r e r o ,
J a l i s c o , a n d M i c h o a c a n . M o r p h o l o g i c a l diff e r e n c e s b e t w e e n the s p e c i e s a r e s u m m a r i z e d in T a b l e I.
T h e n e w s p e c i e s is n a m e d in h o n o r o f
Dr. R o g e r s M c V a u g h (b. 1909), w h o h a s
c o n t r i b u t e d i m m e n s e l y to k n o w l e d g e o f t h e
M e x i c a n flora.
46
BRITTONIA
Acknowledgments
W e w i s h t o t h a n k Dr. F e r n a n d o C h i a n g
(MEXU), who prepared the Latin description and made comments on the manuscript.
T h e i l l u s t r a t i o n o f Sicyos m c v a u g h i i w a s
made by Jestls Moctezuma Garcia. Funds
for this research were provided to the first
author by the Consejo Nacional para la
Ciencia
y la Tecnologfa
(CONACyT),
through the master's thesis scholarship
CONACyT-92140.
Literature Cited
Jeffrey, C. 1990. Appendix: an outline classification
of the Cucurbitaceae. Pages 449-463. In: D. M,
Bates, R. W. Robinson & C. Jeffrey, editors. Biology and utilization of the Cucurbitaceae. Cornell
University Press, Ithaca, New York.
[VOL. 57
Lira, R. & I. Rodrlguez-Arrvalo. 1999. Nuevas especies de los grneros Cyclanthera Schrad. y Sicyos
L. (Sicyeae, Cucurbitaceae) para la flora de Mrxico. Acta Bot. Mexicana. 48: 11-19.
, J. L, Villasefior & E. Ortiz. 2002, A proposal for the conservation of the family Cucurbitaceae in Mexico. Biodiversity and Conservation
11: 1699-1720.
Rodrlguez-Arrvalo, I. 2001. Revisirn del grnero Sicyos L. (Cucurbitaceae) en Mrxico. Tesis de Maestr/a. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional
Aut6noma de Mrxico, M~xico, D.E
9 2003. A new species of Sicyos (Cucurbitaceae, Sicyeae, Sicyinae) from Mexico and Guatemala. Brittonia 55(1): 69-72.
- & R. Lira. 2001. Nueva especie del grnero
Sicyos L. (Cucurbitaceae) para la Repfiblica Mexicana. Bol. Soc. Bot. Mrxico 68: 81-84.
,
- , & P. D~ivila. 2004. Two new species
of Sicyos L. (Cucurbitaceae) from Guerrero and
Oaxaca, Mexico. Bot. J. Linn, Soc. 145: 373-378.
factors other than those connected with its origin. In the case of an unusual individual
plant where no population has been established, it is clear that no new taxon has been
established. Thus, in the case described above, the taxonomic interpretation is clear
and easy. The polyploid plant is a part of the species from which it arose in spite of
the discontinuity shown in the effects produced by the polyploid situation.
A second instance of a large discontinuity in quantitative measurements of flower
size in the Cruciferae involves Pennellia longifolia (Benth.) Rollins, a species of
southwestern United States and Mexico. In this case, the large-flowered plants are
populations of individuals and they are not polyploid (Rollins and Rudenberg, 1977).
Small-flowered plants occur throughout the range of the species but the largeflowered populations are so far known from a limited area in the state of Durango,
Mexico. As an indicator of flower size, petal length was measured. Of the smallflowered species, 26 different collections were measured. The petals of most of the
collections were 5.5 mm. long. The shortest petal examined was 4.5 mm. and the
longest was 6 mm. In contrast, of 13 specimens of one collection and one specimen of
another, the shortest petal was 9 mm. long and the longest was 12 mm. Other features
of the flowers of the two species show the same magnitude of size differences as
those indicated for the petals. We conclude that the large-flowered populations do in
fact represent a second species which is dedicated to Professor Rogers McVaugh
who first collected it.
Pennellia mcvaughii Rollins, sp. nov.
Biennialor possibly perennial,1-1.5 mm. tall; stems single or occasionally morefrom base,
branchedabove, sparselypubescentwith simpleor branchedtrichomesbelow, glabrousabove;
completebasaland lowercaulineleaves not seen, remnantspubescentwithdendritictrichomes,
middleand uppercaulineleaves linear,uppervery narrow,4-8cm. long, 1-4mm.wide, sparsely
pubescent to glabrous;inflorescences narrow, greatly elongated, up to 3.5 dm. long; buds
purple;flowersslightlyzygomorphicwithan asymmetricalreceptacleand lowerpairedstamens
curvedupward;sepalspurple,oblong, scarioustowardapex, 7-9 mm.long, 3-4 mm.wide, outer
pair saccate, innerpairplain; petals purple,narrowlyoblong, scarcely narrowedbelow except
at pointof insertion,erect, 9-12 mm. long, 2-3 mm. wide;filamentsgraduallybroadenedtoward
base, those of pairedstamens8-10 mm. long; anthersoblong, 1.5-2mm. long; ovary and style
slightlycurvedupward;stigmaentire, slightlyexceeding style in diameter;infructescencesecund;fruitingpedicels slender, archeddownward,glabrous,7-11 mm. long, markedlyexpanded
at summit;siliques pendant, slender, terete to slightly flattenedparallelto septum, glabrous,
strongly 1-nervedbelow, 6-8 cm. long, ca. 1 mm. wide, septum without a median nerve;
gynophoreevident but short, less than 0.5 mm. long; styles 1-1.5 mm. long; seeds crowded,
marginless,ca. 1 mm. long, less than 1 mm. wide, somewhatangled,funiculica. 1 mm. long.
Holotypein the Gray Herbariumof HarvardUniversitycollected fromdeep soil of limestone
originon a steep hillsidewith largerocks anda sparsestandof pine;nearMexicanHighway40,
26 miles east of El Salto, Durango,Mexico, Sept. 21, 1974,Reed C. Rollins and K. W. Roby
7423. Isotypes to be distributed.
Otherspecimenstudied:moist slopingmeadow, 3 miles northof Coyotes, elevationca. 2400
m., frequent,SierraMadreOccidental,about80 km. west of C. Durango,in pine-forestzone,
north of Coyotes RR Station, Durango, Mexico, Sept. 28, 1962, Rogers McVaugh 21680 (NY).
Herba biennis vel perennis, caulibus 1-1.5 mm. altis, inferne simplicibus sparse pubescentibus, superne ramosis glabris, foliis inferne caducis, superne linearibus glabris vel sparse
pubescentibus, inflorescentiis racemosis angustis, sepalis oblongis purpureis 7-9 mm. longis, 3-4
mm. latis, petalis purpureis anguste oblongis erectis 9-12 mm. longis, 2-3 mm. latis, stigmatibus
integris, siliquis anguste linearis teretibus reflexis glabris 6-8 cm. longis, ca. 1 mm. latis, stylis
1-1.5 mm. longis, seminibus immarginatis ca. I mm. longis, cotyledonibus accumbentibus vel
parce incumbentibus.
24
TAXON
VOLUME
28
One of the interesting features of both Pennellia mcvaughii and P. longifolia is
their tendency to shed the lower stem leaves. In a biennial (perennial?) it is understandable that the basal leaves might not persist into the second year as is indeed the
case in these two species. But for the cauline leaves to be so early deciduous is
unusual. If the plants grew in a crowded situation with grasses and other forbes
closely surrounding them, the close crowding could be suggested as a probable
factor. However, in the Chiricahua Mountains of southern Arizona where P. longifolia has been studied and in the Sierra Madre Occidental of Durango where P.
mcvaughii has been observed and collected, the plants were growing in the open
without any crowding at all. In both species, the cauline leaves are few and remote on
the stems and the photosynthetic surfaces exposed by the leaves are relatively less
important than the green stems and siliques. It is clear that most of the photosynthesis during the life of the plant takes place in the green stems and fruits.
Pedicels of the greatly elongated fruiting racemes are arched downward and swollen toward the apex. They are usually arranged in a secund manner with the siliques
pendant. The pedicel apex is asymmetrical. Most of each plant is glabrous but there
is a sparse covering of simple to forked or dendritic trichomes near the stem base.
Such remnants of basal leaves as we have seen are covered with rather coarse
dendritic trichomes.
Literature Cited
Rollins, Reed C. 1966. ChromosomeNumbersof Cruciferae.Contrib. Gray Herb. no. 197:
43-65.
Rollins, Reed C. andLily Riidenberg.1977.ChromosomeNumbersof CruciferaeIII. Contrib.
Gray Herb. no. 207: 101-118.
APRIL 1979
25
332
MADROÑO
[Vol.23
Gentry 4111 (DES), Moran 7331 (MICH, UC), FryxeU 1982 (CTES,
ENCB, pf), 1990'(BH, CTES, ENCB, pf).
ts. Abutilon macvaughii Fryx., sp. nov. sectionis Armatae (fig. 5,
F-G), Frutex usque ad 3 m altus. Caules minute stellato-pubescentes
pilis dispersis, ca 0.1 mm diam. Folia profunde cordata, ovata, acuminata,
subintegra, 9-11-pedatinervata, usque a_d 14 cm langa, 10 cm lata, dis-
coloria, supra viridia et glabrata, infra minute molli -pubescentia et
albida, Petioli usque ad 10 cm longi, pubescentiis caulis sil)lilis. Stipulae
auriculato-amplexicaules, late falcatae, 18-20 mm longae, 8-10 mm
latae; stipulae infiorescentiae aliquantum breviores sed 3-4-laciniatae._et
velut pseudo-involucellum binatim alabastra includentes. Infiorescentia
racemosa ve! paniculata. Pedicelli 2-20 mm longi, minute puberuli. Calyces ca 10 mm longi, minute puberuli, plus minusve semi-divisi; lobi .ad
basim 5-6 mm latí, aliquantum Iongiori quam Iatiori, sine nervis prominentibus, demum ad basim gibbosescens. Petala fiavida, 18-20 mm langa)
10-15 mm lata, unguibus 2.5-3.0 mm latís, intus glabra praeter dense
pubescentia in marginibus unguium, extus stellato-pubescentia ad basim,
ceterum glabra. Columna staminalis pallida, 6 mm langa, 4 mm diam.
ad basim, sursum decrescens ad 1 mm diam., stellato-pubescens praeter
ad apicem. Filamenta pallida, 3-4 mm longa, erecta, ex apice columnae
omnino exorientia; antherae < 1 mm longae, pallidae; pollen luteum,
globosum, spinosum. Styli 10, androecium excedentes, glabri, viridi-
pallidi; stigmata capitata, purpurata. Fructus dense et minute stellatopubescentes; mericarpia 10 1 8-9 mm longa (sed immatura), ad apicem
acuta.
TYPE: Mexico, Jalisco, 8 km E of Charnela, elev. 30-50 m, shnib2-3 m high, abundan!, flowers bright yellow, 8-10 Dec 1970, R. McVaugh 25118. Holotype: MICH; isotypes: pf, and to be distributed by
MICR PARATYPES: Jalisco, Estación Biologica de Charnela de la UNAM,
alt. 80 m, vegetación secundaria, arbusto de 1.5-2.5 m de alto, 7 Mar
1973, Souza (con Perez y Sarukhán) 3889 (MEXU); Charnela, alt.
90 m, flores amarillas, 9 Mar 1973, Souza (con Perez y Sarukhán) 3913
(MEXU). Guerrero, Tecpan, alt. 150 m, petit arbuste, fieurs jaunes,
sol granitique, 12 Dec 1899, R Langlassé 742 (US).
DrsTRIBUTION: Known only from the specimens cited above from
coastal Jalisco and Guerrero, at Iow elevation. The specimen of Langlassé
from Guerrero probably belongs in this species, The specimen is incomplete, however, so this conclusion is only tentative. It differs in certain
characters from the Jalisco material; if these differences prove to be real
and consisten! on the basis of additional material from coastal Guerrero,
they do not appear to merit recognition at more than subspecific rank.
This species is distinctive for its large yellow fiowers and its well developed floral bracts (fig, 5, F). The fiowers are reported (M. Sousa, in
Iitt.) to be visited by female carpenter bees (Xylocopa mexicanorum
Cockerell).
A New Species of Phyllanthus (Euphorbiaceae) from Central America
Author(s): Grady L. Webster
Reviewed work(s):
Source: Brittonia, Vol. 18, No. 4 (Oct. - Dec., 1966), pp. 336-342
Published by: Springer on behalf of the New York Botanical Garden Press
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2805149 .
Accessed: 26/03/2012 12:06
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of
content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms
of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.
Springer and New York Botanical Garden Press are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend
access to Brittonia.
http://www.jstor.org
A NEW SPECIES OF PHYLLANTHUS (EUPHORBIACEAE)
FROM CENTRAL AMERICA'
GRADY L. WEBSTER
DepartmentofBotany,Universitv
of California,
Davis
Duringthe last week ofJune,1962,in the courseofa Purduebotanicalexpedition
to CentralAmerica,an unfamiliarspeciesofPhyllanthussubg. Conami (Fig. 1) was
encounteredgrowingabundantlyalong roadsides and was collectedthree times:
firstin Chiapas betweenTuxtla Guti6rrezand San Cristobal,and subsequentlyin
Guatemala at two places along the shoreof Lago Atitlan,about 175 miles (airline)
to the southeast.At all threeplaces the plant was common,and at the Chiapas localityit formedextensivelow thicketsamongthe highlydisturbedroadsidescrub.
Cytologicalmaterialwas collectedfromboththe Mexican and Guatemalanpopulations,and Dr. Kim Miller later successfullydeterminedthe chromosomenumber
(n = 26) in bothsampleswhilepreparinga cytotaxonomic
surveyofsome neotropical Euphorbiaceae (Miller& Webster,infra372-379.)
In the treatmentofPhyllanthusin the Flora of Guatemala(Standley & Steyermark,Fieldiana 24(6): 144-155. 1949) thesespecimenskeyeddownto P. micrandrus
Muell. Arg.,a name whichhas been widelyapplied to Mexican and CentralAmerican shrubsthat obviouslybelongto subg. Conamibut whichhave relativelylarge,
blunt, non-scabrousleaves. However, P. micrandruswas describedby Mueller
(Linnaea 32: 27. 1863) on the basis oftwo Venezuelancollections(Fendler1195and
Otto594), and the authornoted that the plant had, interalia, 'floribus
longecapillaceo-pedicellatis... disco utriusque sexus urceolari ... antherisinter se liberis.'
These charactersdo not accordwithour CentralAmericanspecimens,in whichthe
pedicels of the male flowersare only 1.5-4.0 mm long (vs. 15-20 mm long on a
Fendlersyntypeseen at Kew), the male disk is dividedinto threedistinctmassive
segments,and the anthersare fusedby the connectivesto the bases of the locules
(Fig. 7). As nearlyas can be determinedfromexaminationofextensiveseriesofcollectionsof subg. ConamifromCentralAmerica,P. micrandrusis entirelyunrepresentedin the area, and is probablyconfinedto northernSouth America.
Most ofthe Mexican and Guatemalanspecimenswhichhave been misdetermined
to P. mocinianusBaill., a specieswhichresembles
as P. micrandrus
shouldbe referred
our Chiapas and Guatemalan collectionsin its ratherbroad, thin,oftenbluntish
leaves and in its tendencyto have deciduous branchletswith a greatlyreduced
numberof lateral axes (Fig. 2). However,P. mocinianushas largermale flowers
(pedicels ca 6-10 mm long,innercalyx-lobes2.0-2.8 mm long vs. only1.0-1.9mm
in our plants), and the anthersare quite discrete,emarginate,and not compressed.
A searchofthe literatureindicatesthat thereis no publishedname available for
thepopulationsfromChiapas and Lago Atitlan.Since a nameis neededforreference
to the plant in a forthcoming
paper on chromosomecountsin the Euphorbiaceae,
thereappears to be no alternativeto proposinga new speciesto accommodateour
threecollections.
1These studiesweresupportedby a grantfromthe NationalScienceFoundation.The assisand ofDr. BarbaraWebster,whocompleted
tanceofDr. Kim Miller,whotookthephotographs,
is gratefully
the drawings,
of
acknowledged.
Specimensat F wereexaminedthroughthecQurtesy
Dr. Louis 0. Williams.
BRITTONIA
18:336-342.Oct-Dec 1966.
336
1966]
WEBSTER: A NEW PHYLLANTHUS
337
D0
10~
S
~~
~
~
~
0
and P. mocinianus,X 1/5. Fig. 1. P. mcvaughii
FIGS. 1-2. Habit of Phyllanthus
mcvaughii
deciduousbranchlets
etal. 11698); branchwithlowver
unramified,
upper
(typecollection,Webster
onesbipinnatiform.
FIG. 2. P. mocinianus
(Wilbur& Wilbur1512); brancheswithlowerbranchunderphase
FIGS.3-6. Pollengrains,photographed
lets unramified,
upperones bipinnatiform.
at focusjust belowtips of baculoidelements,center
contrast,XIIOO; lefthalfof palynogram
righthalfin opticalsection. FIGs. 3-4. P.
insetat innerfocusthroughbase ofexinouselements,
etal. 11698): FIG. 3, polarview; FIG. 4, lateralviewshowingdioratecolpus.
mcvaughii
(Webster
FIGS.5-6. P. nocinianus(Pringle6367): FIG. 5, polarview; FIG. 6, lateralview.
338
[VOL.
BRITrONIA
A
*0
A
.0
g
1
Bl
E
t
t
F
-*F
0
G
(Webster
etal. 11698).A-D, Male flower.A. AndroeFIa. 7. Flowersof Phyllanthus
mevaughii
and disk,lateralview(one antherremoved).
ciumand disk,view fromabove. B. Androecium
E. Ovaryand disk(pittingshown
C. Outercalyx-lobe.D. Innercalyx-lobe.E-G, Female flower.
onlyin part).F. Outercalyx-lobe.G. Innercalyx-lobe.
1966]
WEBSTER:
A NEW
PHYLLANTHUS
339
PhyllanthusmcvaughiiWebster,sp. nov.
Frutex monoica; ramulis simplicisvel compositis(axibus lateralibus paucis),
glabris hirsutulisve;foliis ellipticis obtusis vel rotundatis; cymulisandrogynis,
floribus9 solitariis,e pluribus;floribuse et 9 calycislaciniis6, biseriatisacutis;
floribuse segmentisdisci 3 bilobis; staminibus3 alte coalitis, antherisacutis;
stylispatulis bifidisramibuscapitatis.
floribus9 disco cupuliformi,
Shrubca 1-3 m high,ratherfreelybranching;twigsand foliagesparselyto rather
hairs(0.1-0.5 mmlong),glabrescent,
copiouslyhirsutulouswithwhitishmultiseriate
obscurelyto distinctly
orglabrousfromthestart.Twigsreddish-or purplish-brown,
angled,ca 2-4 mm thick.Cataphyllsmoreor less scarious,stramineous,subpersistent; blade lanceolate, acuminate, 1.3-2.2 mm long; stipules triangular-ovate,
acuminate,1.4-1.8 mmlong,0.7-1.1 mm broad,becomingreflexedand eventually
on thelowerpartsofbranches,
deciduous.Deciduous branchletssimple(pinnatiform)
ca 5-25 cm long,with 9-22 nodes,the proximal1-3 nodes
distallybipinnatiform,
with lateral (iterative)axes whichare ca 5-12 cm long,with 7-15 nodes; axes of
branchletsslender(ca 0.5-1 mm thick),distinctlyangled and channelled,greenish
to almostsilvery.Leaves on both main and lateral axes of branchletsimilar(none
reducedto scales); blades chartaceous,reddishwhenyoung,ellipticto ovate,obtuse
or roundedto slightlyemarginateand sometimesminutelyapiculate at the tip,
roundedto barelysubcordateat the base, mostly1.5 -2.5 cmlongand 1-2 cm broad
sometimessparselyhirsutulous
(up to 4 cm long by 3 cm broad on sprout-shoots),
above (but neverscabrous),beneathglabrousto ratherdenselyhirsutulous,midrib
raised,major lateralveins (ca 5-9 on a side) slightlyraised,reticulum
prominently
ofveinletsprominent;marginsplane or slightlyrevolute;petiolessubterete,mostly
1.5-2.5 mmlong;stipuleslanceolate,acuminate,becomingscariousand moreor less
0.9-1.9 mmlong,0.5-1.1 mm broad.
reflexed,
Monoecious; flowersin axillaryclustersat most nodes of simplebranchlets,and
at all except the proximalnodes (those bearingiterativeaxes) on bipinnatiform
branchlets.Cymules typicallybisexual, conspicuouslybracteolate,more or less
stalked (peduncle becoming0.5-1.0 mm long), with one central 9 and ca 7-15
lateral e flowers.
Male flowers:pedicelglabrous,slender,1.5-4.0 mmlong. Calyx-lobes6, biseriate,
erect,obtuse to subacute at the tips, 1-nerved,with greenishmidriband whitish
0.8-1.7 mmlong,0.6margins;outerlobes moreor less oblongor oblong-lanceolate,
1.0 mm broad; innerlobes ellipticto broadlyovate, 1.0-1.9 mm long,0.9-1.7 mm
broad. Disk-segments3, massive,bilobed,deeply pitted,0.4-0.7 mm in diameter.
Stamens3; filamentscompletelyconnateintoa ratherslenderdistallyenlargedcolumn 0.4-0.6 mmhigh; antherssessileatop the column(the coinectivescompletely
fusedinto a 3-angledsomewhatumbonateplatform),triangularor ovate, acute or
subacute at the tip, stronglyflattened,ca 0.3-0.4 mm long and broad, dehiscing
horizontally;pollen grainsspheroidal,3-colporate,not syncolpate,the colpi distinctlymarginateand di-orate,the exinewith a complexLO patternof verrucoid
exerescences(not reticulate),ca 32-36,uin diameter.
Female flower:pedicelglabrousor hirsutulous,teretebelow,dilated and slightly
to distinctlyangled distally,sometimesreddish(especiallytowardthe base), 3.510 mm long,becoming5-10 mm long in fruit.Calyx-lobes6, distinctlybiseriateas
in the male but more herbaceousand oftenreddish-tinged;outer lobes oblonglanceolate,(1.3-) 1.6-2.2mmlong,0.6-1.0 mmbroad;innerlobesmoreor less ovate,
1.7-2.2 mmlong,1.4-1.7 mmbroad. Disk cupuliform,
enclosingY2 to 34 the ovary,
massive,deeply pitted,more or less 6-lobed,0.6-0.8 mm high and 1.3-1.8 mm in
diameter. Ovary smooth and glabrous; styles divergent-spreading
(at a ca 45?
340
BRITTONIA
[VOL.
58
angle), 0.6-0.7 mm long, deeply bifid beyond the middle into slender capitate
branches.
ca 5 mm in diameter;seeds plumply
Capsule oblate,greenish,reticulate-veined,
to nearlyblackish,finelyand
trigonous(somewhatplano-convex),reddish-brown
2.3-2.5 mmlong,1.8-2 mm broad.2
evenlyverruculose-dotted,
Type collection:MEXICO: Chiapas, ruinatescrub on limestoneca 30 mi e of
Tuxtla Gutie6rrez
(by road), 4600 ft, 24 Jun 1962, G. L. Webster,W. P. Adams,
K. I. Miller,and L. W. Miller 11698 (DAY, holotype;isotypesto be distributed).
Additionalcollectionsexaminedare:
MEXICO: Chiapas: Woodedslope3 mi n w of Pinola alongthe SoyatitlAn
Road, 4600 ft,fl.
22 Aug 1964,D. E. Breedlove
Oak and pine forest,
7085 (F). GUATEMALA: Chimaltenango:
nearRio Pixcayo,betweenChimaltenango
and San MartinJilotepeque,1650-1800m,fr.3 Feb
BetweenLas Palmas and Chacula,Sierrade Los
1939,P. C. Standley64499(F). Huehuetenango:
1400-1600m, fl.1 Sep 1942,J. A. Steyermark
51756(F). Jalapa: MontaniaDurCuchumatanes,
32993 (F).
azno, 2 mi e of San Pedro Pinula, 1400-1900m, fr. 10 Dec 1939,J. A. Steyermark
ca 2.5 mi byroad w ofPanajachel,6000ft,
SololA:Steepsandstonebanksabove Lago de Atitlkn,
fl.27 Jun 1962, Websteret al. 11762; ca 0.5 m w ofPanajachel, 5500 ft, Websteret al. 11817 (DAV,
duplicatesof both collectionsto be distributed).EL SALVADOR': Morazan:in dense brushy
growthalongroad on mostwesterly
peak ofMt. Cacaguatique,on n slope,ca 1500m,fr.30 Dec
1941, J. M. Tucker679 (F).
This interesting
speciesis namedforDr. RogersMcVaugh, the leadingauthority
on MexicanEuphorbiaceae,who 15 yearsago arousedmyinterestin theperplexities
of the familyand directedmy initialstudies on Phyllanthus.
Phyllanthus
mcvaughiidefinitely
belongsto subg. Conamisect. Conamias defined
by Webster(J. ArnoldArb. 38: 363. 1957). Although,as mentionedabove, it has
it does notappear to be verycloselyrelatedto
been confoundedwithP. micrandrus,
that South Americanspecies. The pollen grainsseem to be of particularvalue in
Unlike the majorityof the species in sect. Conami,which
evaluatingits affinities.
have a ratherfinelyreticulateexine (e.g., P. mocinianus;Figs. 5, 6), that of P.
mcvaughiiis coarsely'pilate' with exerescenceswhich appear to representseveral
is foundin
bacula fusedtogether(Figs. 3, 4). A similarkindofexineornamentation
thepollenofthe commonP. acuminatus(vide J.ArnoldArb.37: plate-fig.36. 1956),
as well as in the herbaceousspeciesP. orbiculatus(whichis assignedto a different
sectionin subg. Conami). However, the pollen grainsof P. mcvaughiidifferfrom
intermediate
thoseofP. acuminatusin havingmuchlargercolpi; theyare,therefore,
hetweenthe othertwo pollentypespreviouslyknownin subg. Conami.
A peculiarfactnotedin the fieldand cQnfirmed
by examinationofthe herbarium
althoughcopiously
specimensis that the Lago Atitlanpopulationof P. mclvaughii,
fruiting,
seemedto be sterile.All of several hundredfruitsexaminedproved to be
ovule?) arisingin one
abortiveand abnormal,witha tumorousmass (hyptertropied
of the carpelsand causingthe developingfruitto becomelopsided.This pervasive
sterilitysuggesteda possible hybridoriginof the population,but examinationof
specimens(F) showed that at least three collections(Standley64499, Steyermark
meiosis in both the
32993, and Tucker679), possessed good seeds. Furthermore,
Mexican and Guatemalan populationswas absolutelyregular(Miller & Webster,
infra,372-379), and the pollen grainsofP. mcvaughiiappearednormalin thethree
remains
collectionsexamined.The sterilityof the Lago Atitlannplants,therefore,
an intriguing
sourceforfutureinvestigations.
unexplainedand furnishes
2
numbersof measurements
plantsin
(numberof different
Descriptionbased on thefollowing
pedicels-40 (4); otherfemaleflowerpartsparentheses):male flowerparts-20 (2); fruiting
10 (2); seeds-25 (3).
1966]
WEBSTER:
A NEW
PHYLLANTHUS
341
In conclusion,Phyllanthusmcvaughiiappears to be a distinctand actuallyrather
isolatedspecieswithinsect. Conami.It seemsto occurat higheraltitudes(ca 1400 m
or above), on the whole,thenthe superficially
similarP. mocinianus,withwhichit
is broadlysympatricin Guatemala and probablyChiapas (Fig. 8). The specimens
referred
to P. micrandrus
by Standleyand Steyermarkin the Flora oj Guatemala
representeitherP. mcvaughiior P. mocinianus,and P. micrandrusis not surely
knownfromGuatemala or any otherpart of CentralAmerica.
The followingkey is offeredto distinguishP. mcvaughiifromothertaxa of sect.
Conamiin Mexico and Guatemala:
Anthersacute,flattened,
theirconnectives
fused;pollen
grainswithverruculose-pilateexine.
Leaves scabrousabove,abruptlynarrowedto a point;bipinnatiform
deciduousbranchP. acuminatu,s.
letsmostlywith10-15 or morelateralaxes; stylesdilated
Leaves smoothor sparselyhirsutulous
above, obtuseor roundedat the tip; bipinnatiP. mcvaughii
formdeciduousbranchlets
with1-3 lateralaxes; stylesslender
FIG. 8. Distributionof Phyllanthus
mcvaughii
(black dots) and P. mocinianus(open circles)
in easternMexicoand CentralAmerica(based entirely
on herbarium
specimenrecords).
342
[VOL.
BRITTONIA
18
discrete;pollengrainsfinely
Anthersroundedto emarginateat the tip, not compressed,
reticulate (unknown in P. sessei).
often2 or 3 peraxil,thepedicels3-4
pointedtips;femaleflowers
Leaves withdistinctly
P. sessei.
mmlong;seeds2.6-3.1 mmlong
Leaves withobtuseto acute tips; femaleflowerssolitary,the pedicels9-23 mm long;
seeds 1.9-2.2 mm long.
P. mocinianus.
A NEW SPECIES OF ORYZOPSIS (GRAMINEAE)
FROM WYOMING'
YAAKOV SHECHTER2 AND B. LENNART JOHNSON
Departmentof Agricultural
Science,University
ofCalifornia,
Los Angeles
Oryzopsishymenoides
(Roem. & Schult.) Ricker (Gramineae:Stipeae) is a widely
distributedspecies,commonto the arid and semi-aridregionsofthe westernUnited
States. A morphologically
distinctformof 0. hymenoides
was describedby Johnson
(1945) as Oryzopsishymenoides
var. contracta.This taxon occurs only in the Big
Hollow area ofsouthernWyoming,whereit existssympatrically
with0. hymenoides.
The originaldescriptionwas based on fourherbariumspecimenswhichdiffered
from
typical0. hymenoides
in theircontractedpanicleand shorterlemmahairs.Evidence
presentedin thisstudysuggeststhatthesetwo taxa differ
in severalnon-overlapping
characters.Furthermore,
althoughthe two taxa occurtogetherin nature,hybridization betweenthem is extremelyrare,and they formhighlysterilehybridsin the
greenhousewith great difficulty.
As a consequence,0. hymenoidesvar. contracta
should be regardedas a distinctspecies and the followingnew combinationis
necessary:
Oryzopsiscontracta(B. L. Johnson)Shechter,stat. nov.
0. hymenoides
var. contracta
B. L. Johnson,
Bot. Gaz. 107:241945.
Type, FreezeoutHills, Carbon Co., Wyo., Elias Nelson4850(RM).
A comparativemorphologicalstudywas made (Shechter1965) of 136 plants of
0. hymenoides
and of 157 plants of 0. contracta,
collectedin 1957 in-theBig Hollow
area. The collectionsitesare listedin Table 1. Voucherspecimensofthe two species
will be depositedin the Universityof Californiaat Los AngelesHerbarium.The
morphological
charactersemployedin thisstudyare mostlythoseused in the taxonomy of the Stipeae. In addition,various ratiosof floralparts were also includedin
the study. Similarratios used by Johnson(1945, 1962) and Dedecca (1954) were
foundto be highlydiagnosticforcertainspecies of Stipa. Five measurements
were
1 The data ofthisstudyforma portionofthePh. D.
oftheseniorauthor,and are
dissertation
based on an extensivecollectionby ProfessorB. LennartJohnsonand Mr. David R. Barnhart
in 1957,whichwas supportedby theCommittee
on Research,U.C.L.A.
2Present address:Departmentof Medicine,Division of Dermatology,The Centerfor the
HealthSciences,University
ofCalifornia,
Los Angeles.
BRITTONIA
18:342-347.Oct-Dee 1966.
1981
Carvajal Hernández, Flora de Nueva Galicia
189
Mesa"), municipio de Uruapan; alt. 2050 m; 3 abr 1980; S. Carvajal H. 3036
(CREG, ENCB, IBUG); Arbol de 30 m de alto, hojas con lóbulos obtusos, azulverdosas, en la ladera de un cerro, cercano a una huerta de Persea, no se observaron otros pinos o encinos.
EUPHORBIACEAE
El género Euphorbia*, está considerado taxonómicamente, como
uno de los más difíciles de las Euphorbiaceae y no es, sin algun temor el que
nos aventuremos a describir una variedad y una especie nueva en este grupo.
No obstante, tanto la especie como la variedad parecen ser morfológica y geográficamente diferentes a sus parientes más cercanos.
Euphorbia macvaughii Carvajal et Lomelí, sp. nov.
Frutex, 3.5-4 m altus; cortice exfoliante Burserae simile; foliis
obovatis, integris, quorum obtuso, apice parva arista culminato, 2-3.5 longis
et 8-10 mm latis, in verticillo dispositis; cyathia terminale per pares camposita, raro in nodis solitaria; pedunculis glabris; involucro glabro, campamilato
vel obconico, 3.5-4 mm per diametrum et 2-2.5 mm longo; lobulis triangularibus, fimbriatis; glandulis ellipticis, petaloideis, subcircularibus, rude dentatis, incisioneque plus minusve profunda in centro; floribus staminatis 15-24
per. singulam cyathiam; androforis 0.7-0.9 mm longis; gynoforo incluso, rare
exserto; ovario glabro; stylis bifidis U$C!Ue ad dimidium 0.7-1.2 mm; capsula
glabra, 5.6 mm longa, latiere in intermedia parte; seminis cinereis longe ovoideis, longitudinaliter lineatis dorsali parte, base truncata, 3.5-4.2 mm longa,
cum foraminimus sparsis in totam superficiem.
Arbusto de 3.5-4 m de alto; tallos rojizos de 7-10 cm de diámetro;
corteza exfoliante semejando Bursera; ramillas con estrías más o menos profundas, glabras, con nudos muy próximos; hojas en verticilos de (3-l 4, obovadas, enteras, con el ápice obtuso, rematando en una arista pequefla, base largamente atenuada, de 2-3.5 cm de longitud y de 0.8-1 cm de ancho; haz verde-
*Agradecemos a la Dra. Graciela Calderón de Rzedowski, su amabilidad al proporcionarnos literatura relativa a este género.
190
PHYTOLOGIA
Vol. 49, No, 3
oscuro en donde se aprecian de 4-5 nervaduras en cada lado, formando ángulos de 45° y que se anastomosan antes de llegar a los márgenes; envés verdeamarillento, ambas superficies glabras; peciolos de 1-1.5 cm de largo; ciatios
terminales en grupos de 2,. rara vez solitarios en los nudos; pedúnculo de 5 .mm
de largo, glabro; invólucro glabro, campanulado u obcónico, de 3.5~
mm de
diámetro y de 2-2.5 mm de' largo; lóbulos triangulares, fimbriados, excediendo
un poco a las glándulas; glándulas estipitadas, elípticas, con apéndices petaloideos subcirculares, toscamente dentados y con una incisión más o menos profunda en la parte central, de 1-1.5 de largo; flores masculinas de 15-24 por
ciatio; andróforos glabros, de 0.7-0.9 mm de largo; ginóforo glabro, redondeado en la parte inferior, en la superior con tres ángulos muy notorios; estilos
bífidos hasta la mitad o menos, de 0.9-1.2 mm de largo; cápsula glabra, de 56 mm, más ancha en la parté central, ápice obtuso; semilla gris, largamente ovoidea, con una linea longitudinal en la parte dorsal, la base truncada, de 3.542 mm de largo, con hoyos dispersos en toda su superficie.
TIPO: en el Herbario del Centro Regional de Enseñanza Técnica Industrial de Guadalajara; 8 km de Juchitlán, por la carretera a Tecolotlán; alt.
1175 m; 22 Marz 1980; S. Carvajal H. 2875. ISOTIPOS (para ser distribuidos)
en: B, BH, BM, CHAPA, ENCB, F, GH, IBUG, ILL, K, L, Lll, MEXU, MICH,
MO, NA, P, TAES, TEX, UC, US, W¡S, XAL.
Otros ejemplares examinados: 6 km de Tecolotlán, por la carretera
a Juchitlán, municipio de Teco.lotlán; alt. 1200 m; 2.4 Ene 1981; S. Carvajal
H; 3278,3280,3286 (CREG, ENCB, IBUG, MEXU, MICH).
Esta especie se incluye en la sección que Boissier (1862), denomina
Alectoroctonum y que describe en los ·siguientes términos "folia ternata ·ve/
verticillata; stipu/ae glanduliformes,· cymae axillares ve/ terminales; glandu/ae
appendiculatae; semen scrobicu/atum, ecaruncu/atum,- frutices American'~
Euphorbia macvaughü Carvajal et Lomelí, parece estar estrechamente emparentada con Euphorbia schlechtendalii Boissier, pero difieren en las siguientes
características:
peciolos
hojas
ápice
Euphorbia macvaughü
1-1 .5 cm de largo
obovadas
obtuso
Euphorbia schlechtandalii
2.5-3. 7 cm de largo
elfpticas
retuso
1981
Carvajal Hernández, Flora de Nueva Galicia
nervaduras
glándulas
andróforos
ginóforo
ciatio
estilos
semillas
superficie
Euphorbia macvaughü
4-5 en cada lado
petaloideas, toscamente dentadas
0.7-0.9 mm de largo
exerto, generalmente
incluido
terminal en grupos de
2, a veces solitario en
los nudos
divididos en 1/2 de su
longitud
3.5-4.2 mil) de largo
lisa, con hoyos
191
Euphorbia schlechtendalii
8-12 en cada lado
petaloideas, enteras
0.3-0.5 mm de largo
exerto, reflejado
terminal, en grupos de
4-12 {-15)
divididos en 2/3 de su
longitud
3-3.5 mm de largo
arrugada, con hoyos
Euphorbia macvaughii Carvajal et Lomelí, conocida sólo de la localidad tipo, se desarrolla en suelos más o menos arcillosos, en barrancas poco profundas y a las orillas de los arroyos de temporal; conviviendo con Acacia pennatula, A. farnesiana, Bursera multijuga, B. bipinnata, Pithecellobium dulce,
Zanthoxylon,.. Boerhaavia, Ruel/ia y Marina, en lo que Rzedowski y McVaugh
(1966), denominan: Bosque Tropical Deciduo; en altitudes de 1100-1400 m;
florece de Febrero-Abril y es en Marzo cuando brotan las hojas. Por su corteza
exfoliante en láminas delgadas, los campesinos de la región la han confundido
con Bursera y la conocen vulgarmente con los nombres de: "papelillo", "sacuatle" y "tencuanete", pero la diferencian porque presenta látex.
La especie se denomina en honor a Rogers McVaugh ( 1909), por
sus destacadas contribuciones al conocimiento de la Flora de Nueva Galicia, en
especial por su trabajo: Euphorbiaceae Novae Novo-Galicianae.
Euphorbia potosina var.lamasis Carvajal et Lomelí, var. nov.
Herba annualis, 40-50 cm alta, erecta, caulibus ramificatis a base
eorum; foliis 20-28 mm longis, base obliqua, oribus integris paree serratis prope apicern; inflorescentiis densis coniunctis terminalibus, ad nodo caulis insertis; capsulis 1.8-2.2 longis, latioribus in intermedia parte; stylis 4 mm longis,
tamquam
seminibus 1-1 .3 mm longis, cinereis vel cinereo-fuscis, rude orna~is
apium favum.
36
MADROÑO
[Vol. 25
two may not even be closely related. Jatropha moranii is quite distinct in
its lack of stipitate glands on bracts and calyx lobes and its lack of stipules and its recurved white petals. Since we have seen no specimens of
J. purpurea in Baja California and no herbarium specimens from Baja
California, we suggest that references to J. purpurea in Baja California
(e.g., by Standley, 1923; Shreve and Wiggins, 1964) may be based on J.
moranii. These two species can be distinguished by the following synoptic
key:
Sti pules dissected into gland-tipped segments; petiole slender,
20-40 mm long; leaf blade 3-4 cm wide, shallowly 3-lobed, the
median lobe narrowly triangular and much longer than the
lower lobes, upper margins of lobes dentate but less conspicuously glandular than the basal margin. Bracts glandular-ciliate;
sepals glandular-ciliate, linear-lanceolate in the pistillate flower;
petals red, not recurved
. J. purpurea.
Stipules absent; petiole stout, 5-18 mm long; leaf blade 1.5-3
cm wide, shallowly 5-lobed, the median lobe widely triangular
and nearly like the other lobes, margins evenly glandular
throughout. Bracts mostly without glands; sepals entire ( not
glandular), broadly elliptic and more or less foliaceous in the
pistillate flower; petals greenish-white, recurved
. J. moranii.
Specimen of J. purpurea examined: SINALOA: Cerro Llano Redondo,
west of Caymanero, 8 Oct 1944, H oward Scott Gentry 7088 (DS).
3. Jatropha mcvaughii Dehgan and Webster, sp. nov. sect. Curcas; a J.
curcas differt ramis cortice fissurato, foliis pubescentibus, inflorescentiis dioeciis, petalis in dimidio inferiore connatis, stylis crassis,
seminibus 10-12 mm longis non incrustatis ( Figs. 14-18) .
Syn. Jatropha curcas var. rufus McVaugh, Bull. Torrey Bot Club 72:
284. 1945.
Shrub or small tree, 1.5-3.5 m high; branches and foliage pubescent;
bar k fissured or cracked, but not peeling. Leaj-with-petiole 2 S-3 5 cm
long when mature; stipules narrowly lanceolate, early deciduous; blades
ovate, 5-7 (9) lobed with the upper lobes extending to near the midrib and lower lobes shallow, mostly 15-25 cm long and nearly as wide,
palmatinerved, with 7 (9) primary nerves, broadly cordate at the base,
cuspidate at the apex, pubescent on both surfaces; margins entire ( completely devoid of glands). lnfiorescence dioecious, terminal on branches,
with typical jatrophoid compound dischasia in both sexes but with much
smaller number of flowers in the pistillate inflorescence; axis tomentose,
ca 7-12 cm long in the staminate and 3-6 cm in the pis tilla te; paracladia
terminating in a single flower; those of the pistillate inflorescence ca
1-2.5 cm long, but those of the staminate inflorescence 1-1.5 cm long;
lower bracts entire, lanceolate, pubescent, 4-9 mm long in the male,
1978]
DEHGAN & WEBSTER: JATROPHA
37
FIGs. 14- 18. Jatropha mcvaughii. 14. Pistillate inflorescence, X3. 15. Detail of
pistillate flower, X4. 16. Fruit, ca Xl. 17. Staminate inflorescence, X4. 18. Detail of
staminate flower, X8.
somewhat longer in the female. Staminate flowers -+- tubular with corolla
tube longer than the lobes, 8- 12 mm long and 5-8 mm wide ; pedicel
tomentose, ca 4-8 mm long; calyx lobes 5, elliptic, pointed, entire (not
glandular) , smaller than in the female, ca 4-7 mm long and 2- 3 mm
wide, imbricate; petals obovate, connate to .about 0 or more of their
length, greenish-yellow, hirsute adaxially, villose abaxially ; disc segments 5, massive, ellipsoid, ca 2- 3.5 mm long and 1- 1.5 mm wide; stamens 10, monadelphous, scarcely biseriate, the filaments connate to
about 0 their length, ca 3- 5 mm long; anthers oblong-elliptic, somewhat flattened at the apex, ca 1.5-2 mm long. Pistilla!e ftow ers ca 5-11
mm long, with tomentose pedicel, -+- campanulate, corolla tube shorter
than or nearly equalling lobes, ca 8- 11 mm long and 10- 14 mm wide;
calyx lobes 5, elliptic, pointed, entire (not glandular) , ca 7- 10 mm long
and 3.5- 5 mm wide, imbricate ; petals obovate, con na te to about Y3 their
length. greenish-yellow, hirsute adaxially, villose abaxially: disc segments
38
MADROÑO
[Vol. 25
5, massive, broader than long, ca 1-1.3 mm long and 2.5- 4 mm wide;
ovary glabrous, of 3 carpels; stylar column thickened, connate to about
middle, not dilated but with 3 bifurcate, massive, dark green stigmata.
Capsules ellipsoidal, ca 2 cm long and 1.5 cm broad, + fteshy, at length
drying and tardily dehiscent ; seeds light brown, 10-12 mm long and
8- 10 mm wide, the caruncle appressed to the beak and nearly vestigal,
ca 1 mm or less long and 1.5- 2 mm wide.
TYPE: Mexico, Jalisco, Playa Scandida, Dec 1974, Dehgan B74206
(DAV). The species has been observed from Mazatlán toan elevation of
ca 3 50 m on the road to Durango.
Additional specimens examined: SINALOA: Ymala, Aug 1891, Palmer
1413 (US, holotype) ; Mazatlán, Ortega 7299 (CAS); Culiacán and
vicinity, Howard Gentry 7046 (CAS). NAYARIT : thorn woodland 11-12
miNE of Singayta, alt ca 200ft, 25 Jun 1972, Webster & Lynch 17070
(~),
17073 (¿') (DAV).
This species is named in honor of Professor Rogers McVaugh, in recognition of his contributions toward understanding of the genus J atropha
in particular ( 1944, 1945a, 1945b) and to the systematics of neo tropical
ftowering plants in general.
Jatropha mcvaughii was earlier described as J. curcas var. rufus by
McVaugh (1945b). Although originally distinguished by McVaugh solely
on the basis of pubescence, it actually differs from J. curcas in a number
of characters: fissured bark, dioecious inftorescences, longer corolla tu be,
thick stylar column with undilated stigmata, and smaller smoother seeds.
Although the color and quantity of pubescence does furnish a convenient
recognition feature for J. mcvaughii, the dioecious ftower production
seems systematically more important. We thus conclude that while J.
mcvaughii clearly belongs to sect. Curcas and is closely related to J.
curcas, it differs . sufficiently from the latter to be considered a dis ~ inct
species, as is evident in the following synoptic key:
Bark smooth, branches and mature foliage glabrous ; leaf blades
unlobed or with (3)5- 7 very shallow lobes ; monoecious, bisexual or often unisexual ; petals greenish or yellowish-white,
connate at the base ; styles slender, dilated into massive stigmata ; capsule ca 3 cm long and 1.5 cm broad; seeds 15- 32 mm
J. eureas.
long, blackish-encrustate-striate
Bark fissured or cracked, branches and mature foliage pubescent; leaf blade with 5-7 (- 9) deeper lobes; dioecious ; petals
greenish-yellow, connate to about half their length; styles thick,
undilated, with fteshy stigmata ; capsule ca 2 cm long and 1 cm
broad ; seeds 10- 12 mm long, light brown and without striations
J. mcvaughii.
BOH l\ 1
,
1
~
Ol '
, , 1' ,( )'\ J \
"''' '
l ll t
Experin wntal an d 1\
h1¡ 1 ~ 1 :-. • • 'r troplla L . (Euplwrhiacl':l t l
• ' t'l\1
~.
ti
. .
.
l) . ( 1
"l ' !li . "CI~ .·l 1.,. of C ·thlorma.
a n -;,. .t '' 11
•
. . R l 9H . Thc gc nus C111 do , '
t~ c l l·t.
.
Clu b . 71 : ...
, )--,__,,
, -,
•
11 'I'Jrn'I· Bot .
Bu · 1
·
·
•
¡ Q.J~a
Thc J atropha s o t (. ,·1\
----:·
B 11 T otTc,·
Bot. Cl u b 72 · 1
b 'H !Ulll . U ·
•
¡l) i ll .
1
o• of ;o fi tJI)
•
1 PJI
1
t
r¡f rr·h tJr
lllrllf -.
11 \
[ i¡
fJ1· . '
j J.trl
JfhllfJ'
Jn
rnr·nt r1¡ k r 1•
'1
tt,,.
Hlj
lt hn¡j¡
___:__. J945b. Thc genus J at ro pita J \m ric,t : principal intragen eric :!rr;up<
Bull. Torrey Bot. Clu b 72 :2 71-294.
U:R :\RGO\'IENSIS. ] . 1866. Jatroplw . In[),. Candollc led) p d
.
,
~ Jt EL
. .
. .
· · ro romu- S·-t~'
' matis ~aturli
s R egm \ egetabths 13 (1): 10i6-110 '.
· .:~ -o rbiac
e:~.J atropheae.
1 n .-\. En"lcr ( ed J Da· P"'
. ~.
pAX,. F· 1910• •Euph
•
..
· •
~
Hanzenretc"
I\'.1-H (Hctt 42) :1- 148. \ crlag \\ tlh clm Enc;lcmann. Leipzig.
trRErE, F. and 1. L. \\"IGGIKS. 1964 . \'egetation and flora oi the Sonoran Des •
Stanford Uni,·ersity P ress. Stanford. Cal iiorni:l. \'ol. I: x
8.JO pp.
_er..
SrAxDLEY, P. C. 1923. Jatroplta,. In Tr ce~
and ,hrubs of 1Iexico. Contr. r.s. :Xat.
Herb. 23: 6..>-+-642.
\\'ILBO. R. L. 1954 ..-\ synopsis of J at1
b-t'ction Euwrcas, with the description of two new species from :\Iexic
t
' 1 :\Iitchell Sci. Soc. i0:92-101.
+
C HE~IO
T.\X
_\. 5Tl-DIES
IK THE .\XIF ') G. CE.-\E S.L.
9. FLA \ '0:\"0ll 3 ~ F JEPSO:\'L-\
BRl 'C'l-
.-\. B~.)HI
Departmc>nt oi Borany
._
rniversity of British Columbia . \·ancoun,r \" óT 1\\ - Caoada
R OBERT ÜR:\'Dl"FF
0
· ot· la
~ ¡·IIOrma.
·
· Berkelé',.
Department of Botany. C ni,·ersny
·
- 1
~ ' - "
. .
.
~
.. . _
~r i cr ed
w CJliiornü
1epsoma
IS a sma ll oenus ot the " :l.x!r,
l ~acé't
re. . J h di ~ 1 , -¡,u ~
and
.
e-.
.
··
o 1 ) de ~c nbeu
t é'
-·
.
northern BaJa Cahforma. Orndut1 ( 1
d ·¡ d Jrrounr or
llatur f h
é'
e o t e flowers a nd. more recent ¡Y· pr e~ ·enrrd '1 . é't:tl
l1 ni ur1. 1.)0v ·
lhe
1
.
-.
he
ven
u::l
r
t
.
.
_ eco ogy, morpholo!!Y and ;::\·srema tic::- 0 1 t i ne -\ n 1111 e"::- U·
~o
eh . eo•
h·l,·e bc>c>n 'L'
.
.
. em1cal study of the genu::: appear::- w · . .. _ rhu -. undc>rtJ c>n
ltatlon 0 r h
'
.
i 1 ·p \cl!lltl \\ .1:.
h 1·lt'd
• mih l t ,u..-~
't
t e polyphenolic consutuents 0 · < ••
as""'r
.
't' \ ' ot {hl' tJ
·h
¡rJ.:'¡._,....l O a uenera} c h emotaXO!llHlliL' :;U f\ ·
l ~t' Ílf
h'f ' •
t..,. B
~ l h ll't,•r-. rJ
.t avonoid data mioht ,·ield addition.l e .J r, ,
til r.•I.IU'l11 '
1
t~lzi
r"'
•
•
(1 tht' tlllL. n~
the ·pecie and ofier in-.l!ht
~ 111 .L .
u.:"t-. J
h
.
t
~n
rpsoma and othl•r g-enc>r.t 111 1 t •lllll"·
°
-
.:m.
l'h
t>,. 1
:,\
plant evil u
{
\1
l
,,p .\ ¡ ~
lllliP'
111
td l
1 ¡,•
..."rtJ F
1 ll' l
du -. '>1~ ,
1) l ' t ,ntn"
.Jt':'
l
1' l '
1 1,,, \ 11-l
)
(. ·.11 . !U ' · 11
1
<
~
1
.
·
¡·,
r
1
1 1
l " tl.tl 111 ·
\ll
·
~ 111 d 1 ...,,t lll • 1- 1 : 1{ .... \ 1 :-.J.''
Hllb \l'>l' d
o.,.Kul. '
/ , • \l aripo~
( 'u
1
'~ "'al 'l J·1o/,•u ( (; r t'''IW •)
~ (\
.l fl'
1
-,
Systematic Botany (1991), 16(1): pp. 21-29
© Copyright 1991 by the American Society of Plan! Taxonomists
Chamguava: A New Genus of Myrtaceae (Myrtinae) from MesoaiJl~EXc
LESLIE R. LANDRUM
Department of Botany, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85387
ABSTRACT. Three Mesoamerican species, most recently assigned to Psidium, are not species of
that genus, nor can they be accommodated realistically in any existing genus of the Myrtaceae.
Chamguava is described to contain them. This new genus is a member of the Campomanesia complex
of genera, probably most dosel y related to Pimenta and Blepharocalyx. It is distinguished from them
by a subpeltate placenta and by shortly peduncled, uniflorous inflorescences that are grouped
together in umbel-like clusters. The following new combinations are made: C. gentlei, C. gentlei
var. apodantha, C. musarum, and C. schippii.
sistent, coriaceous to submembranous, the venation brochidodromous, the midvein impressed above, prominent below, the laterals
14-30(40) pairs, weak, the marginal weak and
nearly paralleling the margin. Inflorescence a
solitary flower or clusters of up to 4 flowers
(probably abbreviated bracteate shoots) in the
axils of lea ves or at leafless nodes on older twigs,
the peduncles uniflorous. Flowers tetramerous,
sessile or shortly peduncled; bracteoles small,
caducous at about anthesis; calyx closed or with
separate calyx-lobes, mostly persisting until the
fruit matures; petals whitish; stamens 75-160,
folded centerwards in the bud, whitish, the filaments always a few to many times longer than
the anthers in the bud; anthers 0.5-0.8 mm long,
glandular or not; ovary bilocular, the placenta
usually subpeltate (merely a stalk-like peg in C.
musarum), the stalk of the placenta attached
above center; ovules (2)4-80 per locule, multiseriate, radiating from the placenta. Fruit a globose berry. Seeds few, subreniform, 6-10 mm
long; embryo starchy, with no obvious oil except for superficial glands, not smooth when
cut dry, crescent-shaped; cotyledons relatively
small or not apparent; hypocotyl greatly thickened, the central core about l¡i -lh the total diameter of hypocotyl.
In preparation of the treatment of the Myrtaceae for the Flora of Guatemala (McVaugh
1963b), McVaugh (1963a) transferred five Central American species of Eugenia to Psidium. He
was correct in believing them to be a closely
related complex belonging to the subtribe Myrtinae but incorrect in placing them in Psidium.
As discussed below, Psidium differs in embryo
and seed coat structure. The group cannot be
accornrnodated in any existing genus of Myrtinae, thus a new genus, Chamguava, is here described. Chamguava appears to have its closest
relatives in Pimenta and Blepharocalyx but is distinguished from both of these by characters of
the inflorescence and, in rnost cases, the placenta.
A list of specimens studied while preparing
this paper is available upon request and has
been deposited at the following herbaria: ASU,
CAS, EAP, F, MEXU, MICH, MO, NY, TEFH,
TEX, and US.
Chamguava Landrum, gen. nov.-TYPE: Chamguava gentlei (Lundell) Landrum (=Eugenia
gentlei Lundell)
Frutex vel arbor; pedunculi uniflori, solitarii
vel 2-4-aggregati, 0-2.3 cm longi, e foliorum
axillis vel nodis aphyllis orti; flores tetrameri,
nivei, erecti; bracteolae parvae, sub anthesi caducae; calyx ante anthesin clausus vel apertus;
ovarium 2-loculare, loculis (2)4-80 ovulatis, placentis plerumque subpeltatis; semina 6-10 mm
longa; testa membranacea; embryo amylaceus,
lunatus, hypocotylo longo, tumido et cotyledonibus parvis.
Shrubs or trees to 20 m tall; trichomes whitish, reddish brown, or yellowish brown, unicellular, simple, up to ca. 0.3 mm long; twigs
tending to branch dichotomously. Leaves per-
The name Chamguava honors, albeit cryptically, the eminent student of American Myrtaceae, Rogers McVaugh. All the letters in
Chamguava, save two a's, can be found in
"McVaugh."
McVaugh's floristic treatments of the Myrtaceae of northern South America (1956, 1958,
1969) and Central Ame rica (1963a, 1963b) plus
his paper on the American genera (1968) will
always mark a turning point in studies of New
World Myrtacea.e. They brought order toa sys21
22
SYSTEMATIC BOTANY
tematically neglected and poorly understood
group of perhaps 1500 or more species. Since
McVaugh's work, one may reasonably expect to
identify, at least to genus, an unknown wild
myrtle from anywhere in the New World, and
with a little luck, identify to species a specimen
from large parts of tropical America.
Relationship to Other Genera of Myrtinae. Chamguava belongs to the subtribe Myrtinae, those genera of fl.eshy-fruited Myrtaceae
with relatively large hypocotyls and narrow
cotyledons. Myrtinae can be divided into two
large groups based on seed coat texture and
embryo morphology (Landrum 1986; Landrum
and Stevenson 1986). One group normally has
hard, often bony seed coats with an internal
C-shaped cavity in which the embryo develops
and from which it emerges by means of an operculum, and embryos with unswollen hypocotyls that are only about 1-2 times as wide as the
cotyledons. Psidium, Myrtus, and related genera
belong to this group (Landrum and Sharp 1989).
In contrast, Campomanesia, Pimenta, Blepharocalyx, Pilidiostigma, Legrandia, and Chamguava normally have membranous seed coats and swollen
hypocotyls that are usually much wider than
the cotyledons. In sorne embryos of the group,
the cotyledons are indistinct. The first five genera have been called the Campomanesia complex
(Landrum 1986; Landrum and Stevenson 1986)
and Chamguava clearly belongs with them. Campomanesia, Pilidiostigma, and Legrandia are all easily distinguished from the other genera (see key
in Landrum 1986, p. 7). The distinction between
Chamguava, Pimenta, and Blepharocalyx is outlined in the key below.
l. Flowers tetramerous, borne on uniflorous pe-
duncles; peduncles 0-2.3 cm long, solitary or
in umbel-like clusters of up to 4, borne in the
axils of leaves or at leafless nodes on older
twigs; embryo starchy, with no oil except in
glands; placenta subpeltate (or a stalk-like
structure in C. musarum), the ovules per locule
(2)4-80; Mexico to Panama. . ...... Chamguava
l. Flowers tetramerous or pentamerous, borne in
dichasia or panicles; peduncles mostly over 1
cm long, usually solitary, borne in the axils of
leaves; embryo with or without starch, usually
oily; placenta not protruding, or protruding
as a stalk-like structure, never subpeltate, the
ovules per locule 1-17.
2. Ovules attached to the central portion of the
septum, 4-17 per locule, normally in 3 or
[Volume 16
more approximately vertical rows, the placenta not protruding; flowers tetramerous;
South America and southeastern Caribbean. . ........................ Blepharocalyx
2. Ovules attached to the upper portion of the
septum, either 1-2 and the placenta not
protruding, or 3-9 and the placenta protruding, stalk-like; flowers tetra- or pentamerous; Caribbean, Mexico to Panama;
Southeastern Brazil, Bolivia. . ...... Pimenta
In Pimenta the infl.orescence most commonly
encountered is a panicle. A group of Cuban
species have dichasia. In Blepharocalyx the infl.orescence is a dichasium in two species of South
America and a panicle in B. eggersii (Kiaerskou)
Landrum of northern South America and the
southeastern Caribbean. No species of either
genus has the umbel-like clusters of short to
very short, uniflorous peduncles of Chamguava.
The subpeltate placentas of Chamguava gentlei
var. apodantha, C. gentlei var. gentlei, and C. schippii are unlike any found in Pimenta or Blepharocalyx. Chamguava musarum is poorly known and 1
have examined only two ovaries of one specimen. These had a stalk- or peg-like placenta
with ca. five ovules in the locules. A stalk-like
placenta is also found in sorne species of Pimenta. One might speculate that the stalk-like
placenta of Pimenta and the subpeltate placenta
of most Chamguava species are phylogenetically
related and that C. musarum links them together,
but 1 would suggest caution. 1 have found that
placenta size and ovule number are variable and
seem to be related in other Myrtinae. If C. musarum sometimes has more numerous ovules, I
suspect that the placenta would then be similar
to other species of Chamguava. Furthermore,
stalk-like placentas are found in Amomyrtus and
Amomyrtella, genera that do not appear to be
closely related to Pimenta or Chamguava.
The embryos of Chamguava have no oil as a
storage material. In the embryos of two species
of Pimenta and two species of Blepharocalyx examined, there was oil. Blepharocalyx eggersii has
no oil. The cut surface of an oily embryo appears
smooth, whereas an embryo without oil appears
rough. When an oily embryo is pressed with a
pointer the oil is evident, even in a dried specimen many years old. Embryos without oil are
brittle, hard, and dry. There are few data on the
presence or absence of oil and starch in embryos
of Myrtinae. Wholly starchy embryos appear to
1991)
LANDRUM:CHAMGUAVA
be rare, and may be found in only a few genera
of the Campomanesia complex.
SYSTEMATIC TREATMENT OF SPECIES
As understood here, Chamguava consists of
three species, nearly endemic to Mesoamerica.
Although the genus itself is easily distinguishable from related groups, the species within it
are very similar and are still poorly known. Their
distributions are restricted, or in the case of C.
schippii, the species is known from only a few
collections made in scattered localities. Chamguava musarum has not been collected for nearly
50 years and may be extinct.
KEY TO THE SPECIES
l. Calyx closed in bud or closed except for an a pi cal
pore; young twigs terete to weakly 4-angled;
peduncles 0-23 mm long; Mexico to Panama.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3. C. schippii
l. Calyx open in bud; young twigs strongly
4-winged; peduncles to 1 mm long.
2. Leaves 12-20 cm long, 3.5-6.6 cm wide, the
blades submembranous; stamens ca. 200;
ovules ca. S per locule; Guatemala. . .....
........................... 2. C. musarum
2. Leaves 1.8-12 cm long, 1-4.5 cm wide, the
blades subcoriaceous to coriaceous; stamens up to ca. 160; ovules more than 15
per locule.
3. Young leaves and twigs glabrous, the
blades coriaceous, 1.8-12 cm long; hypanthium glabrous to sparsely pubescent; shrub or small tree of savannas or
thickets; Belize, Guatemala, and Chiapas, Mexico. . .. la. C. gentlei var. gentlei
3. Young leaves and twigs sparsely to densely pubescent, the blades subcoriacous,
5-12 cm long; hypanthium densely pubescent; usually a tree of rocky stream
shores; Honduras and Guatemala. . ...
............ lb. C. gentlei var. apodantha
l. Chamguava gentlei (Lundell) Landrum,
comb. nov.-Eugenia gentlei Lundell, Publ.
Carnegie Inst. Wash. 478:216. 1937.-Psidium biloculare McVaugh, Fieldiana, Bot. 29:
520. 1963.-Not Psidium gentlei Lundell,
Amer. Midl. Naturalist 29:483. 1943.-TYPE:
Belize, Belize District, Gracie Rock on Sibun River, 15 July 1935, Gentle 1684 (holotype: MICH!; isotype: LL!).
23
Small shrub or tree to 12 m tall, essentially
glabrous except for a puberulent disk and sornetimes puberulent hypanthium and calyx (var.
gentlei), or the young growth sparsely to densely pubescent (var. apodantha); trichomes to ca.
1 mm long, whitish or yellowish, erect to antrose, somewhat twisted; young twigs quadrangular, with 4 more or less corky wings, glabrous
to densely pubescent, losing most trichomes in
about ayear, the young bark reddish brown to
light gray, more or less smooth, the older twigs
usually becoming rough and scaly. Leaves elliptic, narrowly elliptic, oblong, or oblanceolate, less often tending towards obovate or ova te,
1.8-12 cm long, 1-4.5 cm wide, 1.6-4 times longer than wide; apex acute, acuminate, bluntly
acute, or obtuse; base rounded to acute; petiole
0-2 mm long, 1-1.5 mm thick, glabrous to
densely pubescent, becoming cracked and
rough, thickened to ca. 2 mm; lateral veins 1530(40) pairs, weak to scarcely visible; blades
subcoriaceous to coriaceous, drying gray green,
light reddish brown, or light brown, lighter
below than above. Peduncles to 0.5 mm long,
ca. 1 mm wide; bracteoles subtriangular to ovate,
1-1.5 mm long, submembranous, glabrous to
sparsley pubescent; calyx open in bud, the lo bes
hemiorbicular to oblong-triangular, 3-6 mm
long, 2.5-4 mm wide, glabrous to densely pubescent within and without; petals obovate to
suborbicular, 5-6 mm long; hypanthium obconic, 2-3 mm long, glabrous or densely puberulent; disk 2.5-5 mm across, sparsely pubescent; stamens 60-160, 8-10 mm long; anthers
0.5-0.7 mm long, with or without glands; style
5-13 mm long, glabrous; ovules 17-43, per locule, multiseriate, radiating from a subpeltate
placenta. Fruit subglobose, to ca. 1.5 cm in diam.;
seeds 1-4, 6-7 mm long.
Chamguava gentlei is distinguished from other
species by its open calyx, quadrangular twigs,
relatively small leaves, and relative numerous
ovules.
As recognized he re Chamguava gentlei consists
of two varieties that ha ve traditionally been given specific status: the essentially glabrous var.
gentlei of Belize and the pubescent var. apodantha of Honduras. They seem to overlap in all
morphological characters that separate them,
especially in Guatemala where they are sympatric. In August 1989 1 found C. gentlei var.
apodantha in Honduras growing along rapid
24
SYSTEMATIC BOTANY
running streams and with most fruits on the
ground. At about the same time 1 found C. gentlei
var. gentlei in Belize growing in savannas and
in flower. At least these populations were phenologically and ecologically separate and readily distinguishable morphologically. But other
specimens that 1 have collected from low evergreen forests in Mexico (6348) and Honduras
(6481-6483), are not easily assignable to either
variety. Therefore, 1 feel justified in uniting these
taxa under one specific name. When there is a
better knowledge of the group, the situation
should be reassessed.
la. Chamguava gentlei var. gentlei-Eugenia
gentlei Lundell, Publ. Carnegie lnst. Wash.
478:216. 1937.
Young growth essentially glabrous except for
a puberulent disk and sometimes puberulent
hypanthium and calyx; trichomes toca. 0.3 mm
long, whitish; young twigs glabrous. Leaves elliptic, narrowly elliptic, less often tending towards obovate or ovate, 1.8-12 cm long, 1-4.3
cm wide, 1.6-4 times longer than wide, glabrous; petiole to 2 mm long, ca. 1.5 mm thick,
glabrous; blades coriaceous, drying gray-green
to light reddish brown. Calyx-lobes glabrous to
subglabrous within and without; hypanthium
glabrous to subglabrous. (Fig. lA-B, 0-G.)
Phenology. Flowering nearly the whole year,
but perhaps mainly in August and September.
Fruits probably mature about 1-2 months after
flowering.
Distribution (fig. 2A). In pine savannas and
thickets of low evergreen forests in Belize, eastern Guatemala, and near Palenque, Chiapas,
Mexico.
Representative specimens examined. BELIZE. Belize
District: Mile 5-3/4on Northern Highway, 6 Jun 1974
(fl), Dwyer 12779 (MO); Mile 10 on Northern Highway
(side road leading to river), 27 Jan 1974 (fl), Liesner &
Dwyer 1690 (MICH, MO); Belize-Cayo road, Colonel
English Pine Ridge, 23 Dec 1957 (fl), Gentle 9479 (ASU,
LL, MO, US); western hwy. at mile post 26, <100m,
31 Aug 1989 (fl), Landrum & Landrum 6538 (ASU,
CR). Stann Creek: Melinda Pine Ridge, 25 Jan 1937
(fl), Gentle 1887 (MICH); Mullins River, 27 Jan 1955
(fl), Gentle 8552 (ASU, LL); Seine Bight, 6 Nov (fr),
Schipp S-141 (F). Toledo: Monkey River, Jenkins
Creek, 1 Aug 1942 (fr), Gentle 4063 (US), 17 Sep 1942
(fl), Gentle 4157 (LL, MICH); Rio Grande, 20 Jul 1944
(fr), Gentle 4719 (EAP, LL, MICH, MO); near Con-
[Volume 16
demned Branch Pine Ridge, 30 Apr 1945 (fl), Gentle
5358 (ASU, LL, MEXU, MICH, MO, US).
GUATEMALA. Izabal: Puerto Méndez, on Río Dulce
Road, 9 km, 9 Jun 1970 (st), Contreras 9990 (ASU, LL,
MEXU, MO, US); between Ciénaga and Sejá, on PeténGuatemala road, 28 May 1971 (fl), Contreras 10882 (ASU,
LL, MO); Río Chacón, 9 Feb 1921 (fl), Johnson 1191 (F,
MEXU, US).
MEXICO. Chiapas: 2 km S de la desviación a Chancalá, en ejido León Brindis, 12 May 1982 (fl), Cabrera
et al. 2686 (MEXU); Palenque, road to Chancalá, 18
km E of Ruta 199, 1 km E of bridge, 160m, 29 Jul1989
(fl, young fr), Landrum & Landrum 6348 (ASU, MEXU).
lb. Chamguava gentlei var. apodantha (Standley) Landrum, comb. nov.-Eugenia apodantha Standley, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot.
Ser. 17:380. 1938.-Psidium apodanthum
(Standley) McVaugh, Fieldiana, Bot. 29:520.
1963.-TYPE: Honduras, Dept. Comayagua,
"river bank plain near Siguatepeque," 1050
m, 9 July 1936, Yuncker, Dawson, and Youse
5766 (holotype: F!; isotypes: G!, LL-fragment!, MO!).
Young growth sparsely to densely pubescent;
trichomes to ca. 1 mm long, yellowish brown,
erect to antrorse, somewhat twisted; young twigs
moderately to densely pubescent, losing most
trichomes in about a year. Leaves elliptic, ohlong, oblanceolate, or less often ovate, 5-12 cm
long, 2-4.5 cm wide, 2-3.5 times longer than
wide, the young leaves moderately to sparsely
pubescent above and below, often densely pubescent along the midvein below, the older
leaves usually losing about 1h the vestiture; petiole 1-2 mm long, ca. 1 mm wide, densely pubescent; blades subcoriaceous at maturity, drying olive-green to light brown. Calyx-lobes
glabrous to densely pubescent within, sparsely
to densely pubescent without; hypanthium
densely pubescent.
Phenology. Probably flowers mainly from
April to July. Fruits probably mature mainly in
July and August.
Distribution (fig. 2B). An endemic to westcentral Honduras and adjacent Guatemala. 1 have
observed it growing along a rocky-banked, rapid-running stream. 1 did not find it along the
same stream where the water moved more slowly.
Representative specimens examine d. GUATEMALA. Izabal: km 221 on CA-9, near Los Amates, 30 Jun 1970
1991]
25
LANDRUM:CHAMGUAVA
~
\!!_)
K.
FIG. l. Chamguava gentlei var. gentlei (Contreras 10882, A, D-G; Whiteford 2451, B) and C. schippii (Gentle 8354,
C; Gentle 4063, H-K). A. Habit. B. Bud of C. gentlei var. gentlei. C. Bud of C. schippii. D. Section of locule
with placenta and ovules removed. E. Lateral view of placenta and ovules in locule. F. Placenta and ovules
removed from locule as a unit. G. Cross section of ovary showing the attachment of the placentae in the
locules. H. Seed. l. Embryo. J. Longitudinal section of embryo showing central core. K. Cross section
of embryo. Drawn by Bobbi Angel!.
(fl), Harmon & Dwyer 2864 (MO); between mile 49.5
and ridge 6 mi from Izaba!, Montaña del Mico, 65600 m, 1 Apr 1940 (fl), Steyermark 38544 (F).
HONDURAS. Comayagua: Jardines de Comayagua,
21 Jun 1970 (fl.), Barkley & Smith 40871 (MO); 10 km
NE of Siguatepeque, [Forestry] School Forest, 9 Apr
1974 (fl), Hazlett 1405 (MO); between Taulabé and San
José de Comayagua, besideJaitiqueRiver, 18Apr 1974
(fl), Hazlett 1465 (EAP, MO); along river near Aldea
of Buenos Aires, 2 May 1974 (fr), Hazlett 1509 (MO);
road from Siguatepeque to Taulabé, ca. 11 km before
turnoff to Taulabé, 25 Aug 1989 (st), Landrum & Lan-
20
20
20
400
10
O
600
800
100 200 300 400 500 600 mi les
FIG. 2. Distributions of Chamguava spp.
solid circles. C. musarum, open circles.
A. C. gentlei var. gentlei.
B. C. gentlei var. apodantha . . C. C. schippii,
1991)
LANDRUM:CHAMGUAVA
drum 6481 (ASU, TEFH); between Taulabé and Jaitique
along Río Jaitique, Las Flores de Jaitique, 4.3 km W
of main hwy., ca. 600 m, 26 Aug 1989 (fr), Landrum &
Landrum 6488 (ASU, TEFH); between Taulabé and Lago
de Yojoa, bridge over Jaitique at Villa Nápoles, ca.
100m W of bridge, ca. 600 m, 26 Aug 1989 (fr), Landrum & Landrum 6492 (ASU, TEFH); Pito Solo, Lago
de Yojoa, 600 m, 25 May 1956 (fl), Malina 7223 (EAP,
F, US); Matorrales de Río Tepemechín, 600 m, 28 May
1956 (fl), Malina 7317 (EAP, F, US); unión del Río Yure
con Río Humuya, 100 km NW de ciudad de Comayagua, 200m, Nov-Dec 1980, Nelsan 6082 (TEFH, MO);
Río Selau, 1200 m, 12 Apr 1945 (fl), Radriguez 2849
(EAP, F, MICH); ca. S km S of La Misión, 900 m, 15
Apr 1951 (st), Williams & Malina 18003 (EAP, F). Santa
Bárbara: near town of Sta. Bárbara, S of junction with
El Mochito road, 8 May 1987, Blackmare & Charley 3745
(TEFH); vicinity of Sta. Bárbara, Sesecapa River, 500
m, 22 Aug 1968 (fl), Malina R. 22002 (EAP, F, NY).
2. Chamguava musarum (Standley & 'steyermark) Landrum, comb. nov.-Eugenia musarum Standley & Steyermark, Field Mus.
Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 22:358. 1940.-Psidium
musarum (Standley & Steyermark) McVaugh, Fieldiana, Bot. 29:521. 1963.-TYPE:
Guatemala, Izabal, Río Juyamá, SE of Cheyenne, ca. 15 mi SW of Bananera, 50-100m,
8 Apr 1940, Steyermark 39165 (holotype: F!).
Shrub or small tree to 8 m tall, essentially
glabrous except for the ciliate margins of the
petals and calyx-lobes; trichomes reddish brown,
ca. 0.2 mm long; young twigs reddish brown,
quadrangular with 4 thin wings, the wings to
ca. 1 mm wide, the older twigs remaining reddish brown, often covered with lichens and
bryophytes, the older twig bark slightly flaky.
Leaves narrowly elliptic to oblong, 12-20 cm
long, 3.5-6.6 cm wide, 2.9-4 times longer than
wide; apex acuminate to acute; base rounded,
abruptly rounded, or subcordate; petiole channeled, 2-5 mm long, 2-3 mm wide, dark reddish
brown, smooth or glandular, becoming more or
less glossy, corky, and wrinkled; lateral veins
ca. 12-20 strong pairs alternating with weaker
pairs, the stronger pairs moderately prominent
below, often impressed or raised (perhaps only
upon drying) above; marginal veins about
equalling the stronger laterals in prominence,
arcing between them about 3-6 mm from the
margin; blades submembranous (moderately
flexible when dry), drying dull gray-green,
lighter below than above. Peduncles 0-1 mm
long, ca. 1 mm wide; bracteoles ovate, ca. 1 mm
27
long and wide; calyx open in bud, the lobes
subtriangular, hemiorbicular or oblong-triangular, 2.5-4 mm long, ca. 3 mm wide; petals
suborbicular to subovate, ca. 6 mm long; hypanthium broadly campanulate, ca. 3 mm long;
disk 3-4 mm across; stamens ca. 200, ca. 7 mm
long; anthers ca. 0.5 mm long; style ca. 9 mm
long; ovules ca. 5 per locule; fruit ca. 1.3 cm in
diam., few-seeded, "dull blue."
Phenology. Known to flower in April and to
fruit in December.
Distribution (fig. 2C). Known only from three
collections in Guatemala made by J. A. Steyermark in the early 1940's.
Additianal specimens examined. GUATEMALA. Alta
Verapaz: Along Río lcvolay, Quebrada Diablo, 300350 m, 6 Mar 1942 (st), Steyermark 44791 (F). Izabal:
along Río Bonita, 30-150 m, 21 Dec 1941 (fr), Steyermark 41703 (F).
Chamguava musarum is distinguished from
other species by its open calyx, quadrangular
twigs, relatively large, submembranous leaves,
and relatively few ovules. It appears to be most
similar to C. gentlei. The only collections known
to me are nearly fifty years old, so this species,
regrettably, may be extinct.
3. Chamguava schippii (Standley) Landrum,
comb. nov.-Eugenia schippii Standley, Field
Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 11:137. 1932.TYPE: Belize, Seine Bight, 26 Nov, Schipp 669
(lectotype designated by McVaugh, Fieldiana, Bot. 29:521. 1963: F!; isolectotypes: G!,
LL!, MO!).
Eugenia mouririoides Lundell, Amer. Midl. Naturalist 29:480. 1943.-TYPE: Belize, Toledo
Distr., Monkey River, Jenkins Creek, in
hummock in pine ridge, 11 Sep 1942, Gentle
4142 (holotype: MICH; isotypes: F!, MO!).
Eugenia anglohondurensis Lundell, Wrightia 2:123.
1961.-Psidium anglohondurense (Lundell)
McVaugh, Fieldiana, Bot. 29:521. 1963.TYPE: Belize, Stann Creek District, Commerce Bight Pine Ridge, 30 Aug 1954, Gentle 8354 [originally cited as 5354] (holotype:
LL!; isotypes: ASU!, F!, LL!, MO!).
Shrub or tree to 20m tall, essentially glabrous
or puberulent on the disk, petals, and inner
calyx surface; trichomes reddish brown to whitish, to ca. 0.3 mm long; young twigs gray to
reddish brown, remaining more or less smooth,
28
terete or weakly 4-angled. Leaves elliptic to oblong-elliptic, 3.5-15.5 cm long, 2.2-5 cm wide,
1.6-3.4 times longer than wide; apex acuminate;
base rounded, acute or acuminate; petiole 2-4
mm long, 1.5-2 mm thick, shallowly sulcate to
flat above; lateral veins rather weak, ca. 14-25
pairs reaching the marginal vein, ascending
somewhat, nearly straight; marginal vein about
equalling the laterals in prominence, about parallel to the margin; blades coriaceous to submembranous, drying dark olive-green, graygreen, or reddish brown, somewhat darker
above than below. Peduncles 0-2.3 cm long, ca.
0.7 mm wide; bracteoles subtriangular, membranous, 1-1.2 mm long and wide, glabrous or
with a ciliate margin, persisting until after anthesis; calyx closed or closed except for an a pi cal
pore in bud, glabrous without, puberulent or
glabrous within, campanulate with an apiculate
apex befare anthesis, at anthesis tearing irregularly or in 4 lobes, the remnants 3-4 mm long,
sometimes persisting until the fruit matures;
petals 4-7 mm long, puberulent or glabrous except for a ciliate margin; hypanthium 2.5-3 mm
long, obconic to campanulate, glabrous, densely
glandular; disk 4-7 mm across, puberulent on
staminal ring; stamens 75-100, 5-6 mm long;
anthers ca. 0.8 mm long, the connective with
4-9 glands; style glabrous, 6-7 mm long; ovules
(2)10-80 per locule. Fruit subglobose, 1-1.5 cm
in diam.; seed 0.8-1 cm long. (Fig. 1C, H-K.)
Flowering from March to September. Fruiting from July to November.
Distribution (fig. 2C). Known from single collections in Guerrero and Chiapas, Mexico and
Alta Verapaz, Guatemala; a few collections in
Belize; and a few collections from the Canal
Zone of Panama. 1 have not seen this species in
the field, but it is reported to grow in open pine
forests, savannas, and broadleaved open riparian forest.
Phenology.
BEUZE. El Cayo:
Little Mountain, Pine Ridge, 6 May 1931 (fl), Bartlett
13060 (F, MICH); Rio On Pools, 4 km N of Augustine,
Mountain Pine Ridge Forest Reserve, 400 m, 5 June
1988 (fl), Meave & Howe 1058 (MO), 8 Aug 1988 (fr),
Meave & Howe 1159 (MO). Toledo: Monkey River,
Jenkins Creek, l Aug 1942 (fr), Gentle 4063 (F, LL,
MICH, MO, NY), 11 Sep 1942 (fl), Gentle 4142 (F, MO).
GUATEMALA. Alta Verapaz: Chamal, a orillas del
Río Cobán, 1200 m, 13 May 1963 (fl), Malina R. 12135
(F, G, NY).
MEXIco. Chiapas: El Ocote, cerca de Fato del TiRepresentative specimens examined.
[Volume 16
SYSTEMATIC BOTANY
gre, 30 km NW de Ocozocoautla, 650 m, 26 May 1950
(fl), Miranda 6293 (MICH). Guerrero: 'h mi W of Agua
del Obispo, 3200 ft, 10 Jun 1954 (fl), Ryan & Floyed 2
(MICH).
PANAMA. Canal Zone: Barro Colorado Island, Zetek Trail 350, 24 Jul 1971 (fr), Croat 16213 (MICH,
MO). Colón: Salud Hills, 100m, 3 Aug 1971 (fl), Lao
& Holdridge 194 (MO); Salud, Beach Forest, 3m, 5 Aug
1971 (fr), Lao & Holdridge 237 (MO).
Chamguava schippii is distinguished from other species by its closed or nearly closed calyx
and terete or weakly 4-angled twigs. The widely
separated populations of this species are all
slightly different and sorne are known from single specimens. The collection from Guatemala
is minutely strigose on the young growth,
whereas other collections are glabrous or essentially so. The twigs of the Guatemalan collection and that from 30 km NW de Ocozocoautla, Chiapas, have a hint of four wings,
whereas others ha ve terete twigs. The collection
from Guerrero, Mexico, has the smallest leaves
of the species. To treat these widely scattered
populations as a single species is a tentative
solution. More material and a better understanding of the whole genus may lead toa different classification.
1 returned to four areas where C. schippii had
been collected and so far have not been able to
relocate it.
ACI<NOWLEDGMENTS. I am grateful to the following herbaria for making specimens available for this
study: ASU, CAS, CR, EAP, F, G, LL, MEXU, MICH,
MO, NY, TEFH, TEX, and US. Fieldwork and visits
to Latin American herbaria were made possible
through a National Geographic Society Grant. James
Hardin and two anonymous reviewers made many
helpful suggestions.
LITERATURE ÜTED
LANDRUM, L. R. 1986. Campomanesia, Pimenta, Blepharocalyx, Legrandia, Acca, Myrrhinium, and Luma.
Flora Neotropica 45:1-179.
- - - and W. P. SHARP. 1989. Seed coat characters
of sorne American Myrtinae (Myrtaceae): Psidium
and related genera. Syst. Bot. 14:370-376.
- - - and D. STEVENSON. 1986. Variability of embryos in subtribe Myrtinae (Myrtaceae). Syst. Bot.
11:155-162.
MeVAUGH, R. 1956. Tropical American Myrtaceae.
Notes on generic concepts and descriptions of
previously unrecognized species. Field Mus. Nat.
Hist., Bot. Ser. 29:145-228.
1991]
LANDRUM:CHAMGUAVA
- - . 1958. Myrtaceae. In Flora of Peru. Field Mus.
Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 13:561-818.
- - . 1963a. Tropical American Myrtaceae, Il.
Notes on generic concepts and descriptions of
previously unrecognized species. Field Mus. Nat.
Hist., Bot. Ser. 29:393-532.
- - . 1963b. Myrtaceae. In Flora of Guatemala.
Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 24:283-405.
29
- - - . 1968. The genera of American MyrtaceaeAn interim report. Taxon 17:354-418.
- - - . 1969. Myrtaceae. In The botany of the Guayana Highland-Pt. 8. Mem. N.Y. Bot. Gard. 18:
55-286.
Brittonia, 33(1), 1981, pp. 25-27.
9 1981, by the New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY 10458
A NEW SPECIES OF EUGENIA (MYRTACEAE)
FROM VENEZUELA
JULIAN A. STEYERMARK AND TOBIAS LASSER
Steyermark, Julian A. and Tobias Lasser (Instituto Botfinico, Apartado 2156,
Caracas, Venezuela). A new species of Eugenia (Myrtaceae) from Venezuela.
Brittonia 33: 25-27. 1981.--Eugenia mevaughii is described from a forest remnant of the Jardin Botfinico of Caracas, Venezuela. Found also in the hills adjacent to Caracas, it may be considered as an endemic species of the Interior
Coastal Cordillera.
It is seldom that a distinctive new species is discovered within the confines of
a large city. Yet, this distinction is held by one of the autochthonous species of
Myrtaceae found in Caracas and vicinity. At the time of the establishment of the
Jardin Botfinico of Caracas in 1944, a small sector of forest on its north-facing
slopes contained some undisturbed trees and shrubs. In 1963, the authors collected in this sector one of the native species of Myrtaceae with unusually large
one-seeded fruits on nodding, elongated, filiform pedicels. Specimens were sent
to the specialist of the family, Dr. Rogers McVaugh, of the University of Michigan, for identification. He replied that it was a species of Eugenia, probably new
to science, but that flowers were needed to ascertain the floral details. However,
it was not until 1979 that Paul E. Berry, a graduate student who was investigating
the native flora of the Botanical Garden, collected the first flowering material as
well as additional fruiting specimens. The new collections were also sent to Dr.
McVaugh, who promptly reported that the Eugenia was, indeed, an undescribed
species. Due to Dr. McVaugh's other research commitments, he was unable to
proceed with the description of this taxon and requested instead that it be described by us.
Eugenia mcvaughii Steyermark & Lasser, sp. nov.
Arbor vel frutex, usque ad 8 m altus; ramulis rubiginoso-castaneis, juvenilibus strigillosis vetustioribus glabris; foliis brevipetiolatis, petiolis 3-5 mm longis dense breviter pubescentibus; laminis
elliptico-lanceolatis vel lanceolatis apice obtuse acutis vel acutis basi obtusis vel subacutis 4.5-10.5 •
1.5-3.5 cm, supra per costam mediam modice puberulis alibi pilis dispersis instructis, subtus costa
media manifeste strigosis alibi moderate adpresso-pubescentibus; nervis lateralibus utroque latere 1217; venulis tertiariis ubique conspicue minuteque reticulatis; inflorescentia axillari vel terminali, rioribus praecipue solitariis vel binis; pedunculo filiformi elongato 1.5-4.5 cm longo laxe piloso; calycis
lobis 4 reflexis suborbiculari-oblongis apice rotundatis 2.3-2.4 mm longis supra medium 2 mm latis
extus dense sericeis intus glabris; petalis 4 reflexis elliptico-oblongis apice rotundatis 6-7 • 3-4 mm
ubique praeter margines ciliatos glabris; staminibus 50-60, filamentis 2-4.5 mm longis glabris; receptaculo plano 2.5 mm praeter marginem minute puberulam glabro; ovario 2-1oculari; stylo 4-4.2 mm
longo glabro; ovulis 6, in quoque loculo 3; fructu nutanti subgloboso 2 cm longo 2.5-3.5 (5) cm lato;
exocarpio 2 mm crasso; semine uno, subgloboso 1.4-2.5 cm longo 1.6-2.6 cm lato.
Tree or shrub up to 8 m tall, the trunk up to 15 cm diam; old bark rough,
longitudinally furrowed; branches mahogany-colored, youngest strigillose, older
ones glabrous; buds and bud scales densely gray-white strigillose, opposite to
subopposite; leaves short-petiolate, petioles mahogany-colored, 3-5 mm long,
densely pubescent with ascending hairs; leaf-blades firmly membranous, deep
green both sides, not noticeably fragrant, elliptic-lanceolate to lanceolate, obtusely acute to acute at apex, obtuse to subacute at base, 4.5-10.5 • 1.5-3.5 cm,
shortly puberulous above with scattered hairs 0.1-0.2 mm long, but more moderately pubescent along the depressed midrib, below more moderately appressedpubescent on surface and abundantly strigose on the elevated midrib with rufous
26
BRITTONIA
[VOL. 33
FIG. 1. Eugenia mcvaughii Steyermark & Lasser. A. Habit. B. Portion of upper side of leaf. C.
Portion of lower side of leaf. D. Flower, viewed from below. E. Flower, viewed from above. F. Bud.
G. Anther with upper part of filament. H. Calyx lobe. I. Style and receptacle, viewed from above.
J. Vertical section through hypanthium and ovary. K. Style and stigmas. L. Fruit.
1981]
S T E Y E R M A R K & LASSER: E U G E N I A
27
hairs up to 0.3 mm long; lateral nerves faint, 12-17 each side, impressed above,
faintly elevated below, widely ascending at a 25 ~ angle, anastomosing 2-5 mm
from margin; tertiary venation prominently and minutely reticulate on both surfaces; inflorescence axillary or terminal, mostly with solitary, sometimes 2 flowers at a n axil; peduncle spreading to declinate, in anthesis 1.5-4 cm long, in
fructification 3.5-4.5 cm long, filiform, 0.4-0.5 mm diam, laxly pilose with pale
ascending-spreading hairs 0.6-0.7 mm long; calyx lobes 4, reflexed, gland-dotted,
suborbicular-oblong, rounded at apex, united 1 mm at the base, subcucullate,
densely pale sericeous without, hairs 0.1-0.2 mm long, glabrous within; hypanthium little or not at all prolonged beyond the summit of the ovary; petals 4,
reflexed, elliptic-oblong, rounded at apex, 6-7 • 3-4 mm, moderately ciliate on
margins with hairs 0.1-0.2 mm long, elsewhere glabrous on both surfaces, glanddotted; stamens 50-60; filaments unequal, 2-4.5 mm long, glabrous; anthers suborbicular-renfform, 0.7-0.8 • 0.7-0.8 mm, glabrous; receptacle flat, quadrangular, alveolate, 2.5 mm diam, glabrous except for the minutely puberulous outer
border; style 4-4.2 mm long, glabrous, punctiform; stigma discoid, minute; ovary
2-celled, ovules 3 in each cell; fruit pendent, dull yellow, depressed-subglobose,
2 cm long, 2.5-3.5 (5) cm diam, 1-seeded; exocarp fleshy, 2 mm thick; seed
depressed-subglobose, 1.4-2.5 cm long, 1.6-2.6 cm broad.
TYPE: VENEZUELA. DISTRITO FEDERAL: hills of Botanical Garden, Caracas,
common on north slopes, 920 m, 3 Nov 1979 (fl), Paul E. Berry 3670 (HOLO'rYPE:
VEN; ISOTVPE: MICH).
PARATYPES: VENEZUELA. DISTRITO FEDERAL: hills of Botanical Garden,
Caracas, common on north slopes, 920 m, 21 Sep 1979 (fr), Berry 3660 (MICH,
VEN); north-facing forested slopes, along trail, Jardin Bot~nico, Caracas, 10 Jun
1963 (fr), Steyermark & Lasser 91569 (MICH, VEN). ESTADO MIRANDA: hills
above Santa F6, 920-950 m, 26 Oct 1975, Berry 1614, 1647 (VEN); hills of Santa
In6s, 950 m, 23 Aug 1975, Berry 1086, 1115 (VEN); E1 Cafetal, en patio de una
casa, Jan 1973 (fr), Morillo 2954 (VEN).
The collections Steyermark & Lasser 91569 and Morillo 2954 have mature
fruits slightly larger than those collected by Berry.
The distinctive characters of Eugenia mcvaughii are the solitary, long-pedunculate, small flowers, the pubescent branchlets, leaves, and outer portion of the
calyx lobes, and the large, 1-seeded fruit.
It is a great pleasure to name this new species for Dr. Rogers McVaugh, longtime student of the Myrtaceae, whose scholarly work has greatly advanced our
understanding of this difficult family.
In addition to the type locality in the Jardin Bot~inico of Caracas, this myrtaceous tree appears to be common in other deciduous forests around Caracas. All
stations now known are from the hills of the Interior Coastal Cordillera at elevations between 900 and 950 meters above sea level.
1968
Wurdack, Certamen Lle1astc.mataceis
179
has shorter pale pubescence and quite different and smaller
st~men;
M· erioclada has recently been collected in Colombia
(Rlo San Miguel, Puturnayo, Cuatrecasas 11049).
MICONIA MCVAUGHII Wurdack, sp . nov.
Sect. Amblyarrhena. De affinitate proxima mihi incognita,
sed ob hypanthia 5-alata bene distincta.
Ramuli te r etes primum sparse setosi (pilis gracilibus laevibus l - 2 mm longis) mox glabrati. Petioli 1-2( - 3.5) cm longi
sparse breviterque setosi; lamina 6-12 X 2-4 cm lanceata, apice
gradatim acurninato, basi late acuta, membranacea et obscure
distanterque undulato-serrulata sparse ciliolata, supra margines
versus sparsissime strigulosa, subtus in nervorum primariorum
axillis modice setulosa alioqui glabra, 5-plinervata pare
exteriore tenui pare interiore 0.7-1 cm supra basim subalternatim divergente nervis secundariis ca. 3 mm inter se distantibus
supra obscuris subtus planis, nervulis subtus planis laxe retic ulatis. Panicula pauc iflora 5-6 cm longa glabra; flores 5-meri
glabri, pedicellis 5-alatis 3 mm longis apicem versus expansis.
Hypanthium (ad torum) 3 · 5 mm longum 5-alatum alis 0.7-1 mm altis;
calycis tubus 1.2-1. 3 mm longus, lobis interioribus 0 .7 mm altis
ovatis, dentibus exterioribus prominenter eminentibus ca. 3 mm
longis acutis carinatis. Petala glabra 6-6.5 X 3.5-3. 8 mm
elliptico-oblonga apice truncato-rotundato. Stamina isomorphica
glabra; filamenta 5 mm longa ca. 0.4 mm supra antherarum bases
dorsaliter inserta; thecae 3·5- 3 -7 X 0.9 -1 X 1.3-1.5 mm rectae
anguste oblongae, poro apicali 0.15-0 . 2 mm diam., connectivo
simplici dorsaliter basim versus per 1. 3-1.5 mm paulo elevato.
Stigma 0.3 mm diam. non expansum; stylus 9 ·5 X 0.6 mm glaber;
ovarium 3-loculare t inferum apice rotundato c ollo nullo.
Semina pyramidata angulata laevia 0 .7 X 0 . 4- 0.5 mm.
Type Collection: Rogers McVaugh 1.32:@ (holotype MICH;
isotype US), collected in pine forest south and west of the
divide between Aserradero San Miguel Una and Durazno, west - facing
slopes of Sierra de Manantlán , 24-32 km southeast of Autlán,
Jalisco, Mexico, elev. 1700 m, 22-23 March 1965 . "Shrub 1-2 m,
occasional; flowers white."
Paratype: Rogez;s McVaugh 23209, from seaward-facing slopes
of Sierra de Manantlan, Jalisco, elev. 1500-1900 m, 22-23 March
1965. "Shrub 1-1.5 m, abundant; fruit strongly wing-angled."
The combination of winged pedicels and hypanthia, nearly
superior 3-celled ovary , and punctiform stigma seems unprece dented. The hypanthial wing s might suggest affinity with M·
bailloniana Macbride, but that Peruvian species has the alae
alternate with the sepals as well as apically glandular filaments and a 5-celled ovary. Although M· incurva Gleason and
M· schlimii Triana have the same general anther form, both
species have stellulate pubescence, terete hypanthia, expanded
stigmas, and completely inferior 5-celled ovaries; M· lundelliana
L. Wms. seems equally remote in vegetative and floral features.
Several formicarial species of Tococa, all South American, have
winged hypanthia, but are otherwise quite different from
P HY T OL OG I A
180
M·
Vol. 16, no. 3
mcvaughii .
MICONIA MILITIS Wurdack, sp. nov.
Sect. Amblyarrhena. M. pseudocentrophorae Cogn. affinis,
f oliis trinervatis indistincte denticulatis pedicellis longioribus differt.
Frutex vel arbor parva 3-5 m alta.
Ramuli teretes sicut
petioli foliorum subtus venae primariae inflorescentiaque pilis
pinoideo-stellulatis 0.1-0.2(-0.3) mm longis modice vel dense
induti. Petioli 1-2(-3) cm longi; lamina 4-8(-10) X 2-4 cm
elliptica vel oblongo-elliptica, apice acuto vel paulo hebetiacuminato, basi acuta vel anguste obtusa, chartacea et indistincte serrulata dentibus 0.1-0.2 mm profundis et 1-2 mm inter
se distantibus ciliis conicis 0.1-0.2 mm longi s, supra plana
centraliter glabra mar gines versus sparse vel sparsissime
strigulosa setulis conicis crassis 0.2 - 0 . 3 mm longis, in costa
basim versus sparse setulosa pilis usque ad 0.5 mm longis barbellatis demum caducis, subtus in venis secundariis primum
sparse stellulato-puberula demum glabrata in superficie glabra,
trinervata (pare inframarginali tenuissimi neglecto) nervis
secundariis 2-3 mm inter se distantibus venulis subtus planis
densiuscule anastomosantibus areolis 0.3-0 .5 mm lat is. Panícula
submultiflora 3-5 cm longa, ramulis pilis obscure barbellatis
erectis usque ad 1 mm longis sparse indutis; flores 5-meri in
glomerulis 3-8- fl oris umbellatim dispositi, pedicellis 1.5-2 mm
longis, bracteolis inc onspicuis 0.5-0 .7 mm longis lanceatis
persistentibus ad pedicellorum bases insertis. Hypanthium (ad
torum) 2.3-2.4 mm longum sparse vel modice stellulato-puberulum;
calycis tubus 0.2 - 0.3 mm a ltus, lobis interioribus 0.1-0.15 mm
alti s, dentibus exterioribus conicis lobos interiores aequantibus. Petala alba· dense minutissimeque granulosa 1.6-1.8 X
1.7-1.8 mm suborbicularia apice paulo emarginato. Stamina isomorphica gl abra; filamenta 2.3 - 2.5 mm longa; antherarum thecae
1.6-1.8 X 0.6 X 0.6 mm oblongae poro 0 . 2 mm diam., connectivo
non prolongato dorsaliter ad basim dente hebeti descendente 0.10.15 mm longo ornato. Stigma expansum 0.6 mm diam.; stylus
4 . 5 X 0.4 mm glaber in ovarii apice 0.3-0.4 mm immersus; ovarium
(3 -)4-loculare 3/4 inferum apice glabro.
Type Collection: Rzedowski ~ McVaugh 160 (holotype MICH),
collected in mesophytic forest 2 km northeast of Campamento El
Gallo, gran itic southwest slopes of Cerro Teotepec, 17°28' N,
100°13' W, Guerrero, Mexico, elev. 2650 m, 27-29 Jan. 1965.
Paratypes (all from Guerrero, flowering unless otherwise
noted): Rzedowski 16479 (MICH, US), from Aserradero Agua Fria
near Tlacotepec, elev. 2600 m, lO April 1963; Rzedowski 16412
(MICH, US), from 5 km west of Camotla, Mun. Chichihualco de
Leonardo Bravo, elev. 2600 m, 8 April 1963; Feddema g]2Q (MICH,
US), from 10 km. west of Camotla, Mun. Chichihualco about 40 km
we st of Chilpancingo, elev. 2500 m, 1 Dec. 1963; ~· ~·
Nelson
1Q2g (US), from Omilteme (near Chilpancingo, fide Goldm~
elev. 2200 m, 25 May 1903 (fruiting).
The Ecuadorian M· pseudocentrophora has distinctly 5-nerved
266
BRITTONIA
[VOL. 51
FIG. 15. Tibouchina macvaughii. A. Habit. B. Cauline node. C. Upper and lower surfaces of the leaf with
close-ups of indument. D. Flower. E. Hypanthium with close-up of induInent. F. Petal. G. Stamens. I-I. Seeds.
(From the holotype, McVaugh et al. 23292).
long, strigose abaxially, glabrous adaxially,
caducous; pedicels 1.5-4 m m long. H y p a n thia urceolate, 2 . 5 - 3 ( - 4 ) m m long, 2-2.5
m m broad at the toms, sparsely strigose with
hairs 0.5-1 m m long, these mostly eglandular but sometimes glandular (Fig. 5).
Calyx lobes 5, lanceolate, shorter than the
hypanthium, 2 - 3 m m long, triangular at
base, sparsely strigose along margin and
midvein with whitish or reddish appressed
hairs to 0.6-1 m m long, otherwise glabrous.
Petals 5, magenta, purple-pink, or lilac,
1999]
TODZIA: MELASTOMATACEAE
b r o a d l y o b o v a t e , 0 . 5 - 1 . 2 • 0 . 4 - 1 cm, ciliate a l o n g m a r g i n , w i t h or w i t h o u t a term i n a l seta. S t a m e n s u s u a l l y 10, r a r e l y 8,
s l i g h t l y d i m o r p h i c in size, all y e l l o w ; l a r g e r
s t a m e n s with f i l a m e n t s 1 . 5 - 2 ( - 2 . 5 ) m m
l o n g , t h e c a e 1 . 7 - 2 ( - 2 . 5 ) m m long, o f t e n
d r y i n g s l i g h t l y r o s t r a t e , the c o n n e c t i v e v e r y
short, ca. 0.3 m m l o n g , w i t h 2 m i n u t e b a s a l
l o b e s o r these c o m p l e t e l y absent; s m a l l e r
stamens with filaments (1.5-)2-2.5 mm
l o n g , t h e c a e 1 . 2 - 1 . 5 m m long, the c o n n e c t i v e v e r y short, ca. 0.2 m m long, w i t h 2
m i n u t e b a s a l l o b e s o r these absent. O v a r y
o v o i d , 2 - 3 m m l o n g , s p a r s e l y s e t o s e in distal 1~, l a c k i n g a p i c a l a p p e n d a g e s ; styles 4 6 m m long. C a p s u l e s 3 - 3 . 5 m m long; s e e d s
ca. 0.3 m m l o n g .
Phenology.--Flowering from September
t h r o u g h F e b r u a r y . F r u i t i n g in F e b r u a r y ,
July, N o v e m b e r , a n d D e c e m b e r .
H a b i t a t a n d Distribution.---Central M e x i c o in the states o f J a l i s c o , O a x a c a , a n d
G u e r r e r o at 9 0 0 - 1 5 5 5 m. G r o w i n g on s t e e p
s l o p e s in P i n u s a n d / o r Q u e r c u s forests a n d
r e p o r t e d o n y e l l o w c l a y soils.
Etymology.--Tibouchina
h i n t o n i i is
n a m e d in h o n o r o f G e o r g e B. H i n t o n , w h o
c o l l e c t e d the first s p e c i m e n s o f this n e w
species. H i s son, J a m e s H i n t o n , g r a n d s o n ,
G e o r g e (Jorge) H i n t o n , a n d g r e a t g r a n d s o n ,
G e o r g e B o o l e H i n t o n , h a v e c o n t i n u e d the
family tradition of collecting outstanding
b o t a n i c a l m a t e r i a l in u n e x p l o r e d r e g i o n s o f
Mexico.
Additional specimens examined. MEXICO. Guerrero: Atoyac de Alvarez, 13.8 km al NE de E1 Parafso
o 76.6 km al NE de Atoyac, 1000 m. 19 Dec 1984 (fl,
if), Cowan 4926 (CAS, TEX); Distr, Montes de Oca,
Vallecitos, 16 Jul 1937 (fr), Hinton 10612 (CAS,
MICH, NY-2, US), Distr. Montes de Oca, San Antonio, 18 Nov 1937 (fl, fr), Hinton et al. 11503 (NY-2,
US); Distr. Galeana, Plato, 1150 m, 12 Nov 1939 (fl),
Hinton et al. 14993 (LL, NY, US); 9 mi S of El Ocotito
on Hwy. 95, 22 Dec 1970 (fl, fr), Whiffin & Rodriguez
437 (TEX). Jalisco: Near Puerto E1 Triunfo 19 km
WSW of Talpa de Allende along rd. to La Cuesta and
Tomatl~in, 1555 m, 11 Sep 1986 (fl), Breedlove & Anderson 64151 (CAS, MEXU, MICH, TEX); precipitous mountainsides 5-8 mi N of La Cuesta, below the
pass to Talpa de Allende, 1200-1500 m, 16 Oct 1960
(fl), McVaugh 20303 (MICH, US). Oaxaea: Along
Hwy. 125 between Pinotepa Nacional and Tlaxiaco,
5.8 mi N of Putla de Guerrero, ca. 1000 m, 17 Jan
1979 (fi), Croat 45859 (CAS); steep hillsides 17-18
km nearly S of Putla, Mun. Putla, 900 m, 5 Feb 1965
(fl, fr), McVaugh 22238 (MICH, US); Mun. Jamilte-
267
pec, Distr. Jamiltepec, 6 kmal NE de San JosE, brecha
San Jose de Las Flores-Ixtayutla, 16~
97~
1040 m, 18 Nov 1982 (fl, fr), Tenorio et al. 2783
(CAS, MEXU).
Tibouchina hintonii is c h a r a c t e r i z e d b y
its m o s t l y e g l a n d u l a r h y p a n t h i u m (Fig. 14),
v e r y n a r r o w l y t r i a n g u l a r c a l y x l o b e s that
are s h o r t e r t h a n the h y p a n t h i u m , short nearly i s o m o r p h i c s t a m e n s , and l o n g s p a r s e l y
flowered inflorescences. The vestiture on
the entire p l a n t is n o t a b l y s p a r s e r (Fig. 5)
than that o f m o s t o t h e r s p e c i e s o f Tibouchina in M e x i c o . T h e l e a v e s w i t h s e r r u l a t e to
c r e n u l a t e m a r g i n s a r e also d i s t i n c t i v e .
T h i s s p e c i e s is m o s t c l o s e l y r e l a t e d to 77b o u c h i n a longifolia (Vahl) Baill., w h i c h is
w i d e l y d i s t r i b u t e d in M e x i c o f r o m S a n L u i s
P o t o s f a n d V e r a c r u z w e s t to G u e r r e r o a n d
south to S o u t h A m e r i c a , but d i f f e r s in h a v i n g s h o r t e r a n d s p a r s e r c a u l i n e hairs (ca. 0.5
n u n vs. 1 - 1 . 5 n u n long), l a x e r a n d l o n g e r
i n f l o r e s c e n c e s , a n d s m a l l e r a n t h e r s (see Tab l e I). T h e i n f l o r e s c e n c e s in T. hintonii surp a s s the l e a v e s (to 12 c m l o n g ) a n d the
f l o w e r s are m o r e d i s t a n t on the r a c h i s ,
w h i l e t h o s e in T. longifolia g e n e r a l l y are
s h o r t e r o r a b o u t as l o n g as the l e a v e s (to 5
c m long). T h e f l o w e r s on T. longifolia are
d i s t i n c t l y c l o s e r t o g e t h e r on the r a c h i s (peduncles usually <3 cm long) than those of
T. hintonii ( p e d u n c l e s ca. 2 - 7 c m long).
F l o w e r c o l o r in T. hintonii r a n g e s f r o m l i l a c
to r o s e to p u r p l e , w h i l e in T. longifolia it is
typically white, rarely pink.
T i b o u c h i n a m a c v a u g h i i T o d z i a , sp. nov.
(Fig. 15)
TYPE. M E X I C O . J a l i s c o : S t e e p mtns. 2 0 22 k m S o f T a l p a d e A l l e n d e , in the h e a d w a t e r s o f a W b r a n c h o f R i o de Talpa,
1 2 0 0 - 1 4 5 0 m, 2 8 - 3 0 M a r 1965 (fl), M c Vaugh 2 3 2 9 2 (HOLOTYPE: M I C H ; ISOTYPES:
ENCB-n.v., US).
Frutices erecti 0.3-1.5 m alti. Rami distales setosi.
Petioli 0.3-2.6 cm longi dense setosi; laminae foliorum
ellipticae 2.3-10.2 • 1.1-4.1 cm, 5-nerviae ad basim,
supra et subtus strigosae. Inflorescentiae congestae floribus in dichasiis compositis dispositis; braeteae florales lanceolatae setosae caducae; hypanthia campanulata 3-4 mm longa setosa; lobi calycis 5 secus margines setosi; petala 5, rosea vel magentea, 0.6-0.8 •
0.4-0.6 cm; stamina penitus flava in amplitudine leviter dimorpha; ovarium ca. 3 mm longum appendicibus
5 brevibus setosis ad apieem provisum.
268
BRITTONIA
Erect s h r u b s 0 . 3 - 1 . 5 m tall. D i s t a l
b r a n c h e s s p a r s e l y to m o d e r a t e l y setose, the
hairs 1-3 m m long, w i d e l y s p r e a d i n g , o f t e n
p i n k i s h ; n o d e s setose with the hairs 3 - 6
m m long; i n t e r n o d e s 2 - 1 1 c m long. Petioles 0 . 3 - 2 . 6 c m long, d e n s e l y setose; leaf
blades elliptic, 2 . 3 - 1 0 . 2 • 1 . 1 - 4 . 1 cm, the
apex a c u m i n a t e , the base r o u n d e d to b r o a d ly cuneate, 5 - n e r v e d f r o m the base, the prim a r y a n d s e c o n d a r y v e i n s raised a n d setose
beneath, the u p p e r surface m o d e r a t e l y strigose, the hairs adnate to the surface for ca.
1A-a/~ their l e n g t h , the l o w e r s u r f a c e m o d erately strigose, the hairs free, the m a r g i n
d e n t i c u l a t e w i t h each tooth t e r m i n a t i n g i n a
seta 1 - 2 m m long. I n f l o r e s c e n c e s c o m p a c t
c o m p o u n d dichasia, 2 . 5 - 8 ( - 1 5 ) c m long,
with ca. 1 3 - 4 5 flowers; p e d u n c l e s 1 - 4 c m
long, m o d e r a t e l y setose, the hairs spreading; bracts l a n c e o l a t e , 2 - 5 m m l o n g , setose,
caducous; pedicels 1-4 m m long, moderately setose, the hairs spreading. H y p a n t h i a
c a m p a n u l a t e , 3 - 4 m m long, 2 - 3 m m b r o a d
at t o m s , s p a r s e l y setose, the hairs spreading. C a l y x l o b e s 5, v e r y n a r r o w l y t r i a n g u l a r
to l a n c e o l a t e , shorter t h a n the h y p a n t h i u m ,
2 - 3 m m l o n g , setose a l o n g m a r g i n . Petals
5, p i n k to m a g e n t a , obovate, 0 . 6 - 0 . 8 •
0 . 4 - 0 . 6 cm, ciliate, u s u a l l y with a t e r m i n a l
seta. S t a m e n s 10, v e r y slightly d i m o r p h i c
i n size, all y e l l o w ; larger s t a m e n s w i t h fila m e n t s 4 - 6 m m long, thecae ca. 3 - 3 . 5 m m
long, the c o n n e c t i v e ca. 0.5 m m l o n g with
m i n u t e b a s a l lobes; s m a l l e r s t a m e n s with
filaments 3 - 4 m m long, thecae 2 - 2 . 5 m m
long, the c o n n e c t i v e ca. 0.3 m m l o n g with
m i n u t e b a s a l lobes. O v a r y ovoid, ca. 3 m m
long, w i t h 5 short setose a p p e n d a g e s at
apex; styles 0 . 6 - 1 c m long. C a p s u l e s ovoid,
3 - 4 m m l o n g , with 10 p r o m i n e n t ribs;
seeds ca. 0.3 r n m long.
Phenology.--Flowering from December
t h r o u g h A p r i l ; fruiting in F e b r u a r y a n d
March and between August and November.
Habitat and Distribution.--In western
M e x i c o i n the states of Jalisco a n d N a y a r i t
i n p i n e - o a k forest o n d e c o m p o s e d granitic
soils, w i t h P o d o c a r p u s , Quercus, a n d other
d e c i d u o u s trees i n r o c k y stream v a l l e y s at
1 5 0 - 1 2 0 0 m.
E t y m o l o g y . - - T i b o u c h i n a m a c v a u g h i i is
n a m e d i n h o n o r o f Dr. R o g e r s M c V a u g h ,
w h o has c o l l e c t e d i m p r e s s i v e b o t a n i c a l
[VOL. 51
s p e c i m e n s i n w e s t e r n M e x i c o and, via those
s p e c i m e n s a n d the series F l o r a N o v o - G a l i ciana, has c o n t r i b u t e d s i g n i f i c a n t l y to o u r
k n o w l e d g e o f the flora i n that r e g i o n .
Additonal specimens examined. MEXICO. Jalisco:
Ca. 11.2 mi S of Puerto Vallarta off Hwy. 200 along
banks of canyon river bottom just 1 mi E of the mouth
of Rio Tomatlfin, 28 Mar 1975 (fl, fr), Almeda 2537
(CAS); ca. 27,6 mi SSE of Puerto Vallarta on a new
dirt rd. to silver mine, left-hand turnoff of Hwy. 200
heading toward Manzanillo, 31 Mar 1975 (fl, fr), AImeda 2545 (CAS); low hills ca. 35 km (straight line
distance) E of Cabo Corrientes, on rd. from Puerto
Vallarta to E1 Tuito, Anderson & Anderson 6083
(MICH); along Hwy. 200 S of Puerto Vallarta, 3.8 mi
N of E1 Tuito, 17 Mar 1982 (fl), Daniel 2065 (CAS);
Mun. Talpa, La Cuesta, 980 m, 6 Feb 1971 (fl, fr),
Dfaz Luna 2174 (ENCB); Zopilote, Tepic, Feb 1895
(fl), Lamb 569 (NY); Sierra de Manantlfin (30-35 km
SE of Autlfin), precipitous seaward-facing slopes 1-4
km below the summit called "La Cumbre," near the
lumber-rd, between E1 Chante and Cuzalapa, and
above the abandoned site of Durazno, 19~
104~
1500-1900 m, McVaugh 23211 (MICH); Sfacing foothills of Sierra de Manantlfin (ca. 40 km SE
of Autlfin), 2-3 km above the abandoned site of Durazno, along the lumber-rd, between El Chante and
Cuzalapa, 19~
104~
1250 m, 24 Mar 1965
(fr), McVaugh 23240 (MICH, US); Mun. de Cabo Corrientes, steep rocky valley of a stream 5 km N of El
Tuito, 650 m, 16-17 Dec 1970, McVaugh 25508
(MICH); Mun. de Cabo Corrientes, 3 10 km generally
E on rd. to Mina del Cuale, from the jct. 5 km NW of
E1 Tuito, McVaugh 26374 (M1CH); km 4 del camino
que va de El Tuito a la Mina de E1 Cuale, 12 Mar
1985 (fr), Rueda & T~llez 188 (CAS, MEXU). Nayarit: Mun. de Ruiz, S bank of Rio San Pedro along
rd. from Ruiz to San Pedro Ixcat~n, 2 km E of E1
Venado, 150 m, 22 Sep 1979 (fr), Breedlove 44302
(CAS, MEXU); Mun. de Santa Maria del Oro, 7 km
NW of jct. to Puerto Vallarta and Compostela on Mexican Hwy. 15, 1080 rn, 24 Sep 1979 (fr), Breedlove
44349 (CAS, MEXU); mtns. 9 mi N of Compostela,
1000 1200 in, 12 Nov 1959 (fr), McVaugh & Koelz
528 (MICH, US); 29 Aug 1957 (fr), McVaugh 16530
(MICH, US); in oak forest 3 km NW of El Ocotillo,
Mun. de Santa Maria del Oro, near hwy. to Tepic, 1200
m, 10 Apr 1965, McVaugh 23533 (MICH).
T i b o u c h i n a m a c v a u g h i i is d i s t i n g u i s h e d
b y its w i d e l y spreading, l o n g (to 3 m m ) setose, o f t e n p i n k i s h hairs; c o m p a c t dichasia;
p i n k to m a g e n t a petals 6 - 8 m m l o n g ; and
v e r y slightly d i m o r p h i c , all y e l l o w stamens.
B y virtue o f its yellow, a l m o s t i s o m o r p h i c
s t a m e n s , this n e w species is a m e m b e r o f
the T. longifolia c o m p l e x . T i b o u c h i n a m a c vaughii differs f r o m T. longifolia i n h a v i n g
l o n g e r ( 3 - 6 m m vs. 1-1.5 m m ) , m o r e w i d e ly s p r e a d i n g hairs o n the stems a n d h y p a n thia, a n d m o r e c o n g e s t e d i n f l o r e s c e n c e s
1999]
TODZIA: M E L A S T O M A T A C E A E
269
FtG. 16. Tibouchina nanifolia. A. Habit. B. Cauline node. C. Upper and lower surfaces of the leaf with
close-ups of indument. D. Flower. E. Hypanthium with close-up of indument. F. Petal. G. Stamens. (From the
holotype, Gonzdlez Medrano et aL 5019).
w i t h u p t o ca. 4 5 f l o w e r s (vs. ca. 2 7 f l o w e r s
i n T. longifolia). F u r t h e r m o r e , t h e p e t a l s o f
T. m a c v a u g h i i r a n g e f r o m p i n k t o m a g e n t a
w h e r e a s t h e p e t a l s o f T. longifolia are m o s t ly white, although occasional pink-flowered
individuals are found.
Tibouchina nanifolia T o d z i a ,
sp.
nov.
( F i g . 16)
TYSE. M E X I C O . M 6 x i c o : 5 k m al S W d e
Nanchititla, Tejupilco, 2000 m, 27 Dec
1 9 7 2 (fl), G o n z d l e z M e d r a n o et al. 5 0 1 9
(HOLOTYPE"
MEXU).
MEXU;
ISOTYPES:
GAS,
Suffrutices erecti ca. 17 cm alti. Rami distales dense
hispiduli. Petioli 1-2 cm longi dense strigosi; laminae
foliorum parvae ellipticae 0.7-1.3 • 0.5~).8 cm dense
strigosiae. Flores solitarii terminalis vel in summis axillis; bracteae florales foliaceae demure marcescentes;
hypantbia sparsim glanduloso-strigillosa; lobi calycis
5 hypanthio plerumque breviores, oblanceolati supra
ac subtns et secus margines sparsim strigosi; petala 5,
1-1.5 • 1-1.5 cm marginibus glanduloso-ciliatis; stamina 10, penitus flava in amplitudine parum dimorpha;
ovarium 4 4.5 mm longum in quarta distali setosum.
TWO SPECIES OF ATELEIA (LEDUMINOSAE) NEW TO NOR'l'H AMERICA
Velva E. Rudd, Smithsonian Institution
Immediately after a treatment of Ateleia went to presa in
North American Flora (series 2, part 7: 6-12. 1972) material of
two additional species arrived. One appears to be an interesting
range extension of ~·
herbert-smithii Pittier, the other a new
species from Mexico.
Ateleia herbert-smithii Pittier (Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 20:
112. 1918) has been known only from the ·type collection (g. Smith
817) made "5 mi. S. of Mamatoco," Magdalena, Colombia and reported by the collector as "also found in fl. 3 mi. n. of Bonda."
Efforts to recollect it in Colombia have been unsuccessful. Now,
however, we have material from Costa Rica, collected b~
§. ~
~·
(no. 1831) in the Parque Nacional Santa Rosa, Liberia, Guanacaste, that seems to be referable to ~·
herbert-smithii. There is
a slight difference in shape of the leaflets, those from Costa
Rica being more sharply pointed at the apex and acute at the bas~
but in other characters the two collections agree very well.
The new species from Mexico, named for the collector, Rogers
arsenei Standl.
McVaugh, appears to be most closely related to ~·
but has smaller fruit and calyx. Unfortunately, complete flowers
are not available so we do not know if the single petal is pubescent as in ~·
arsenei or glabrous as in other species.
The addition of ~·
mcvaughii brings to nine the total number
of Mexican Ateleia. With the exception of ~·
gummifera which extends into the Caribbean area, each is known from a limited range.
If material becomes available from intermediate areas we may be
able to recognize transitional trends and, perhaps, combine a few
of the species.
ATELEIA MCVAUGHII Rudd, sp. nov.
Frutex, ~·
arsenei Standl. affinis, sed foliolis numerosioribus, fructibus calycibusque minoribus differt.
Shrub, to about 50 cm. tall; leaves (23-) 27-29-foliolate,
the axis puberulent, glabrescent, about 13-19 cm. long; leaflets
lanceolate or lanceolate-ovate, 1-4 cm. long, 0.5-1.3 cm. wide,
acute, the base rounded, almost symmetrical, the upper surface
glabrous, the lower surface moderately pubescent with crispate
hairs, glabrescent, the secondary veins inconspicuous, the petiolules about 1 mm. long, crisp-pubescent; inflorescences ~ose,
axillary; bracts linear-deltoid, 1-2 mm. long; complete flowers
not seen; calyx tomentulose, 2.5-3 mm. long; fruit glabrous (2.5-)
3-3·5 cm. long including stipe 7-10 mm. long, 1-1.5 cm. wide including convex wing along upper margin about 1-1.5 mm. wide;
seeds reniform, reddish-brown, 9 mm. long, 6 mm. wide, and 3 mm.
thick, the hilum lateral, orbicular, about 7-8 mm. in diameter.
Type: B.· McVaugh 23984, Mexico,, c:Bxaca, rocky calcareous
hills 6-9 km. NW of Huajuapan de Leon, remnant of oak forest,
1800-1900 m. elev., 27 Sept. 1967. Holotype US no. 2624214; isotype MICH.
120
A New Species of Caesalpinia (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae) from Mexico
Author(s): J. L. Contreras and G. P. Lewis
Reviewed work(s):
Source: Kew Bulletin, Vol. 47, No. 2 (1992), pp. 309-313
Published by: Springer on behalf of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4110676 .
Accessed: 27/03/2012 15:04
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of
content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms
of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and Springer are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend
access to Kew Bulletin.
http://www.jstor.org
A new species of Caesalpinia(Leguminosae:
Caesalpinioideae)from Mexico
J.
L. CONTRERAS* & G. P. LEWIS**
Summary. A new species of Caesalpinia from Guerrero, Mexico is described and illustrated.
INTRODUCTION
Material cited by McVaugh (Flora Novo-Galiciana 15: 30-31 (1987)) under
Caesalpinialaxa Benth. is a mixture of at least three species: C. laxa Benth. sensu
stricto (Hartweg 455, the type from Oaxaca), C. hintonii Sandw. (McVaugh
22202) and the new species described below. In addition, McVaugh 22492, from
Puebla, needs further study and may prove to be at least a new infraspecific taxon
of C. hintonii. McVaugh had 'no doubt that all represent the same species' but
did single out his collection 22517 from Michoacan, on which his description of
C. laxa was primarily based, as having a distinguishing suite of flower and fruit
characters. An additional collection from Michoacan together with several
specimens from Guerrero collected by the first author of this paper lead us to the
conclusion that these together represent a new species.
Caesalpinia macvaughiiJ. L. Contreras& G. P. Lewis sp. nov. C. hintonii Sandw.
affinis sed petalis luteis vel aurantiacis, foliolis secus longitudinem rhachidis pinnae
laxe dispositis, pedicellis erectis crassis propre basim articulatis, glandulis fructuum
(ubi praesentibus) nunquam longe stipitatis differt. Typus: Mexico, Guerrero
State, J. L. Contreras2343 (holotypus FCME; isotypi K, MEXU).
Caesalpinia laxa McVaugh, pro parte quoad McVaugh 22517, non Benth.
Arbor vel frutex 2 - 8 m altus. Folia caduca (2 -)10 - 22 cm longa, pinnis (5-)
9- 13(- 15)-jugis; foliola (4-)6- 11-juga. Flores in paniculis vel racemis (6-)
10 - 40 cm longis ordinati, pedicellis 6 - 8 mm longis, infra dimidium articulatis;
tubus calycis ruber 5-6-8 x 2-3 mm, pilosus; sepala rubra margine flava,
4 5-6-2 x 2-8-5 mm; petala unguiculata, flava, 5-2-7-7
x 3-7 mm, ungui
0-5-3 mm longo; filamenta curvata 6-9-5 mm longa, basim versus dense
villosa, medium usque pilosas, ultra medium stipitato-glandulosa; ovarium dense
pubescens interdumque glandulis cupuliformibus viridiflavis obsitum; stylus
medium usque vel ultra pubescens. Legumen falcatum 3-2- 4 -9 x 1- 1 4 cm,
pilosum interdumque glandulis cupuliformibus viridiflavis obsitum; semina 1 - 3,
late ovata, 8-9 x 6-8 mm.
*J. L. Contreras, Herbariode la Facultadde Ciencias, Departamentode Biologia, UNAM, Ciudad Universitaria,
Apdo. Postal 70-399, Delagaci6n de CoyacAn, 04510 Mexico, D.F., Mexico.
**G. P. Lewis, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB, England.
309
310
KEWBULLETIN
VOL. 47(2)
0.2 MN
n
__!
.
...
. •.......
.
•-.,
•
...
?
":.,12??
_. _ P:: .
7
:
.
" . :. .•
... ..
....
??.,.o.:.?
k?,
.
_ . o,-.o.. ? :.?.:.•..
:;?
o: ::, .s;•
?"
o.'.':.?:b':.":
;._. ; :•:•:.
??'
ii
? =C~~i;:
"
"~~?:6
~3M
:_?P
•
.:
Io:..o~p
:fE
~:..:
...:.."
FIG. 1. Caesalpinia
macvaughii.A detail of a fruit gland; B fruits and seeds, including one twisted fruit valve; C
inflorescence apex showing bracts; D bipinnate leaf; E detail of leaflet. A & B from . L. Contreras
2340, C from
L.
Contreras
2536. Drawn by Arturo Delgado.
2343, D & E from J. L. Contreras
J.
NEW CAESALPINIA (LEGUMINOSAE) FROM MEXICO
311
Shrub or medium-sized tree 2 -8 m tall; bark grey, pruinose, exfoliating; branchlets glabrous, reddish. Stipules fugaceous. Leaves imparipinnate, (2 -)10 - 22 cm
cm long; rachis (0cm long;
long. Petiole
(1-)2-6(-8"5)
1-)4-5-14(-16"7)
in
a
terminal
7
cm
2
pinnae
(2 -)4-6(7) pairs plus
pinna, -6(long; leaflets
-6)
in (4-)6-11
on
each
x
pairs
mm, oblongpinna, (5-)8- 17(- 19) (2-)3-7(-8)
elliptic, obtuse to rounded at apex, the margin black-gland-dotted, oblique at
base; pilose when young, glabrous when mature. Inflorescence racemose or
5 x
paniculate, (6-) 10-40 cm long, glabrous; bracts fugaceous, (3-3-)41 6-2-4 mm, ovate, long-acuminate, squarrose, pilose; pedicels 6-8 mm long,
pilose, articulated in the lower quarter. Calyx red, the tube obconic, 5-6-8
x 2-3 mm, pilose; adaxial and lateral sepals oblong-ovate, pilose, (4-5-)5-6
x
mm, concave at apex, abaxial sepal cymbiform 5-6-2 x (3-3-)
2-8-4"4
3 7-4-5(-5)
mm, ciliate, obtuse. Corolla yellow, petals unguiculate, adaxial
2- 4- 5 mm, cordate at
petal ovate, claw 2 -2- 3 mm long, blade 5-9- 7 -7 x
base, acute at apex, lateral and abaxial petals ovate3"to broadly ovate, claw
0 - 5 - 1 - 5 mm long, blade 5 - 2 -8 x (3 -)45(- 7) mm, obtuse at base, acute
6"
at apex, all petals glandular-ciliate on the blade,
with stipitate green glands on
the claw and blade base. Stamen filaments curved, 6-9-5(-10)
mm long, flattened and densely villous at the base, pilose on lower part, green stipitate glands
on upper part; anthers elliptic 1-2-1 5 x 0 8- 1-1 mm. Ovary (1- 5-)2-35
mm long, densely pubescent, occasionally with ring- or cup-shaped glands inter- 3 mm
mixed; stipe 0- 2-0 -5 mm long; style curved (1 -3-)4-6
long, pubescent
for about 2 - % of its length; ovules 2 - 3. Legume falcate 3- 2 - 4-9 x 1(- 1- 4)
cm, valves subcoriaceous, maroon to reddish, pilose, occasionally with cupshaped glands intermixed, twisted after dehiscence. Seeds 1 - 2(- 3), compressed,
broadly ovate, 8- 9 x 6- 8 x 0 -15- 0 -22 mm, yellowish-green to maroon.
(Figs. 1 & 2).
MEXICO.Michoac'n: Mpio. de La Huacana, c. 35 km S of Nueva Italia near
Infiernillo dam, 20 Jan. 1982, Lorenceet al. 3820 (MEXU); Mpio. de Nueva Italia,
3 km S of Nueva Italia, 24 Feb. 1965, McVaugh 22517 (ENCB, NY). Guerrero:
Mpio. Zirindaro de Chavez, 5 km W of Guariche, 8 March 1988, J. L. Contreras
2343 (holotype FCME; isotypes K, MEXU); 3 km W of Guariche, 8 Mar. 1988,
Contreras2340, and Contreras2341 (FCME); same locality, 21 Jun. 1989, Contreras
2513, and Contreras2514 (FCME); 3 -5 km W of Guariche, 8 Mar. 1988, Contreras
2342 (FCME, K); 6 km W of Guariche, 21 Jun. 1989, Contreras2508 (FCME,
K); 2 km N of Aratichanguito, 20 Sept. 1989, Contreras2520 (FCME).
The species is named after Dr R. McVaugh for his considerable contribution
to the botany of Mexico.
Caesalpiniamacvaughiiis apparently endemic to the basin of the Rios Balsas and
Tepalcatepec. It is related to C. hintonii from which it differs in its red calyx,
yellow corolla, most leaflets oblong-elliptic to oblong and distributed along the
length of the pinna rachis, erect pedicels which are relatively thick and articulated
close to their bases, and glands on the fruit surface (when present) yellowishgreen, ring-discoid or cupuliform and very shortly stipitate. In contrast C. hintonii
has salmon-pink to scarlet calyces and corollas, most leaflets obovate and restricted
312
KEW BULLETIN VOL.
j:
.
,.>
2
47 (2)
?
.1
:: ::
"'..
?.
;. ....
;;...;
?
.•..
.. ..
-.
.
.?
-"
?rt.;"
":"
"'\~?
FIG.2. Caesalpiniamacvaughii.A flower, side view; B flower, front view; C stamens and gynoecium exposed by
removal of calyx tube and petals; D single stamen; E adaxial sepal; F lateral sepal; G abaxial sepal; H adaxial
2343. Drawn by Arturo
petal; J lateral petal; K abaxial petal. Scale bar equals 2 mm. All fromJ. L. Contreras
Delgado.
NEW CAESALPINIA (LEGUMINOSAE) FROM MEXICO
313
to the distal part of the pinna rachis, the pedicels patent and thin, articulated at
their middle or near to the base of the calyx tube, and glands on the fruit surface
(when present) wine-red in colour, cupuliform and long-stipitate.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We wish to thank Jaime Jimenez and Maria de Lourdes Rico-Arce for comments on earlier drafts of this paper, Martha Martinez for the latin description,
Mark Coode for the latin diagnosis and Arturo Delgado for the illustrations.
318
MEMOIRS OF THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN
63. DALEA MCVAUGHII Bameby
(Plate LXIX)
Slender, virgately erect perennial herbs 7-10 dm taU from a knotty, fusiform,
woody root, glabrous to the inflorescence, the solitary, striate, eglandular stem at
anthesis leafless at base, simple and leafy thence to beyond the middle, paniculately
branched and almost leafless distally, the spikes terminal to aU the branchlets of the
open panicle, the foliage green, the firmly membranous leaflets slightiy paler and
finely punctate beneath; leaf-spurs obscure or short, up to 0.6 mm long; stipules deltate-subulate, 0.4-1.6 nun long, livid-castaneous early becoming dry and deciduous;
intrapetlolular glands small, impressed or nearly so; post-petiolular glands prominent
but low and obtuse, small; main cauline leaves (drought deciduous) 3-5 cm long,
very shortly petiolate or subsessile, with narrowly margined, ventrally grooved rachis
and 7-9 pairs of weU-spaced, oblanceolate to broadly oblong-eUiptic, obtuse or subacute, flat or loosely folded leaflets 5-11 mm long, the leaves toward the inflorescence
smaUer, with fewer, shorter leaflets, the uppermost ones often minute or suppressed;
peduncles slender, 3.5-12.5 cm long; spikes dense but not conehke, the principal
ones ± 30-50-flowered, the calyces subcontlguous, without petals ± 1 cm diam, the
vUlosulous axis 1-2 cm long; bracts early deciduous, above the paUid cuneate base
livid, lanceolate to lance-caudate, 2-3.5 mm long, pilosulous but not glandular dorsally, ciliolate, glabrous within; calyx (sessile) 3.9-4.6 mm long, glabrous below the
orifice, this densely fringed and the teeth ciliolate with fine, soft hairs up to ± 0.4
mm long, the membranous tube 2.4-2.5 mm long, not at all pleated, the filiform ribs
livid or black, the broad, plane intervals charged with many smaU, scattered or irregularly biseriate, honey-colored glands, the teeth suhulate or linear-subulate above their
broad deltate base, the dorsal one longest, 1.4-2.2 mm long, either erect or (when
long) recurved, the ventral pair shortest; petals vivid violet-purple, the banner-blade
vrith central white (glandless) eye-spot or white (rubescent) with purple tip and basal
lobes, the inner petals perched 0.8-1.6 nun above hypanthium rim, the keel-blades
united by outer margins; banner 5.1-6.3 mm long, the slender claw 3.3-3.5 mm long,
the deltate-cordate blade 2.7-2.9 nun long, 2.4-3 mm wide, closed at base into a shallow comet; wings ± 5.5 nun long, the claw 1.6 mm, the oblong-obovate blade 4.3
mm long, 1.9 mm wide; keel ± 7 mm long, the claws 2.7 mm, the broadly eUiptic
blades 4.6 mm long, 2.6 mm wide; androecium 10-merous, 7-7.4 mm long, the longer
filaments free for 2.2-2.4 mm, the connective gland-tipped, the dark-purple finally
bluish anthers 0.5-0.55 mm long; pod obliquely triangular-obovate in profUe, 2.8 mm
long, the style-base terminal, the keels all very slender, the papery-membranous, semitransparent valves livid distally, finely pilosulous above middle and charged with small,
scattered, honey-colored glands; seed (umipe) ± 1 . 5 nun long. — Collections: 2 (o).
Steep open hillsides in pine or pine and oak forest, 1450-2200 m ( ± 4830-7330
ft), locaUy abundant, known from two localities in the w. extremity of the Transverse
Volcanic Belt in Sierras del Tigre and del Pamaso, in e.-centr. and w. Jahsco.—
Flowering mid-September to November. — Material: cf. below.
Dalea mcvaughii (Rogers McVaugh, 1909) Barneby, sp. nov., juxta D. escobilla
Barneby coUocanda, imprimis foliolis foliorum majorum 7-9 (nee 9-17)-jugis, spicis multifloris magis eonfertis, necnon dentibus calycinis longloribus (dorsali 1.4-2.2 nee 0.91.2 mm longo) absimihs. Ab affini D. polystachya (S. & M.) Barneby etiam multifoliolata
calyce extus glabro ad orem tantum barbulato, a D. cuniculo-caudata WUson spica minus
densa, calyce extus bracteaque sua intus glabris, petalisque eglandulosis longius distat.
DALEA SECT. PAROSELA
319
Herba elata saepe (?semper) monopodiahs infra spicas glaberrima, tubo calycino extus
glabro lucido inter afflnes (cum D. escobilla) notabilis.— JALISCO. Sierra del Tigre, 3 mi
s. of Mazamitla, Sept 18, 1952, Rogers McVaugh 13,036. —Holotypus, MICH. —4.5 mi n.n.-e. of Talpa de Allende, Oct 17, 1960, Rogers McVaugh 20,355; paratypus (fruct.),
MICH.
A graceful monopodial dalea, with slender, glandless stem branching distally into an
open, thinly leafy or almost leafless panicle of ovoid spikes. The close relationship of
D. mcvaughii to D. escobilla and through D. escobilla to D. polystachya is discussed under
the preceding species. The relatively few leaflets of the main stem-leaves suggest comparison with the habitally simUar D. cuniculo-caudata Wilson, found in the same vegetation
belt on the south and west slopes of Nevado de Toluca, distant at least 250 km eastward
from Sierra del Tigre. This differs in its denser, conelike flower-spikes, internally silky
bracts, and calyx silky-barbate from the base upward. The petals of D. cuniculo-caudata
are conspicuously gland-tipped, those of D. mcvaughii glandless.
It is a pleasure to associate with this attractive plant the name of its discoverer, Rogers
McVaugh, a name already imperishably connected with the flora of southern Mexico in
general and of Jalisco in particular.
64. DALEA NEMAPHYLLIDIA Barneby
(Plate LXVIII)
Herbaceous, pereruiial, up to ± 1 m tall, the slender, virgately erect stems brownish-stramineous charged with small impressed orange glands but not verruculose, at
anthesis leafless at base and beyond the middle where branching into panicle of spikes,
wholly glabrous below the inflorescence, the foliage glaucescent, the leaflets lividpunctate beneath; leaf-spurs very short; intrapetlolular glands 0 or minute; postpetiolular glands subimpressed; main cauline leaves ± 3 - 4 cm long, subsessUe, with
narrowly margined, punctate rachis and 7-10 pairs of narrowly linear, obtuse, involute
and so subcyllndric but ventrally grooved leaflets 10-13 mm long, the rameal leaves
shorter, with fewer leaflets of same type, the uppermost leaves nearly or quite suppressed; peduncles slender, divaricate and incurved, 6-14 cm long; spikes shortly
but rather loosely 15-25-flowered, without petals ± 1 0 nun diam, the densely silkyvillosulous axis less than 2 cm long; bracts early deciduous, the lowest broadly the
upper narrowly lance-acuminate, 2.5-4 nun long, thinly pilosulous and gland-pustulate dorsally, paUid at base, livid distally, glabrous within; calyx sessile or nearly so
(the pedicel sometimes up to 0.4 mm long), 4-4.4 mm long, the thinly villosulous
tube 2-2.4 nun long, not recessed behind the banner, the ribs slender, livid, the membranous intervals charged with scattered glands, the triangular-subulate, gland-spurred
teeth densely silky-ciliolate within and around the orifice, the dorsal tooth slightly
longer than the rest, ± 2 mm long; petals opening bicolored, the banner whitish,
rubescent in age, the inner petals violet or purple, all eglandular, the inner elevated
± 1.5-2 mm above hypanthium rim, the keel-blades united by their outer edges;
banner ± 5 nun long, the claw nearly 2.5 nun, the cordate, hooded blade ± 3.5 nun
long, nearly as wide, recurved through nearly 90°; wings ± 4.5-4.8 nun long, the
claw 1.4-1.8 nun, the elliptic blade 3.5-3.8 mm long, ± 1.6 mm wide; keel 5.3-5.8
mm long, the claws 1.7-2.1 nun, the ovate-elliptic blades 4-4.4 mm long, ± 2.4 mm
wide; androecium 10-merous, ± 5.5-6 mm long, the longest fUament free for ± 2
mm, the connective gland-tipped, the anthers ± 0.6 mm long; pod triangular-obovate in
profile, ± 2.7 mm long, the style-base latero-terminal, the dorsal crest moderately
Systeimiatic
Botaniy
(2000), 25(3): pp. 414-436
? Copyright2000 by the AmericanSocietyof Plant Taxonomists
New Species of Mexican Phaseolus (Fabaceae)
ALFONSO DELGADO-SALINAS
Departamentode Botanica,Institutode Biologia,UNAM, ApartadoPostal70-367,04510Mexico,
D.E Mexico
CommunicatingEditor:Matt Lavin
ABSTRACT.
Descriptions,
keys,distribution,
ecology,and noteson taxonomicproblemsand comparisons
withrelatedtaxaare providedforsevennew speciesofPhaseolus
fromMexico.The new speciesareclassified
in informalPhaseolusgroups,in accordancewitha recentphylogenetic
analysisusing molecularand nonmolecularcharacters.
Phaseolus macvaughiiand P perplexusare membersoftheP leptostachyus
groupand
P pauciflorus
group,respectively,
Phaseolus juquilensis, P marechalii,and P xolocotziiare part of the P
polystachios
group,and P hintoniiand P zimapanensis,forma well-supported
clade withP xanthotrichus,
withintheP tuerckheirnii
group.
Afterdealingformanyyearswiththetaxonomy dimorphis:oblongo-falcatis
usque ad 5-seminatos,
of Phaseolus,
seven undescribedspecies have been et acinaciformis
uni-seminatis;
seminibustestarudiscovered.Severaloftheseweredescribedormen- gosa.
in mydoctoraldissertation
tionedas different
(DelHerbaceous,annualvines,up to 1.5m long,from
gado-Salinas1985),and sincehave been incorrectly a slenderbut fibrousroot.Stemsdelicate,uncinateused by myself(i.e.,Delgado et al. 1993;Pueyoand puberulent, and sparingly setulose with fine,
Delgado-Salinas1997; Mercado-Ruaroand Delga- straight-appressed,
retrorse
hairs.Leaves withstipdo-Salinas1998;Delgado-Salinaset al. 1999) or by ules narrowlytriangularto triangular,2-3(-4.7)
otherbotanists(i.e.,McVaugh1987; Marechaland mm long,ca. 1.5 mm wide; petioles2-5 cm long;
Baudoin 1988; Debouck 1991; Vazquez G. et al. rachises (0.5-)1-1.5cm long; stipels linear,1-1.5
1995;Jaaska1996).Today,amplematerialdeposited mm long; leafletsthin,ovate-widely
ovate,acumiin severalherbariawarrantsthe recognitionand nate,roundedto subtruncate
at base, lowersurface
full descriptionof these taxa. Thus, thesespecies sparsely pubescent with straightand uncinate
are describedhere and are arrangedunderdiffer- hairs,terminalleafletslargerthanlateralones,2.5entgroups,a productof a phylogenetic
analysisof 5.5(-7)cm long,3-4.2(-5.5)cm wide. Inflorescences
all species of the genus Phaseolus(Delgado-Salinas in pseudoracemes,
3-10(-14)cmlong,few-flowered;
et al. 1999).Thisanalysisestablishedninewell-sup- main axis (peduncle) slightlyto denselycovered
portedclades ofPhaseolus
species:theRfiliformis,
R with uncinatehairs (rachis),with 3-6(-8) nodes
leptostachyus,
R lunatus,
R pauciflorus,
R pedicellatus,looselyarranged,the lowermostnode occasionally
P polystachios,
and R vulgarisgroups, non-productive,
R tuerckleimii,
often1.5-6 cm below the others
in additionto R microcarpus.
The newlydescribed and 1-2(-3) cm above the leaf-axil;buds 1(-2) at a
speciesare hereinclassifiedaccordingto thisphy- node; bractsat thebase ofthepeduncle2 or 3; prilogeneticanalysis.Forthegeographicdistributions
marybractstriangular-lanceolate,
striate,
ciliate,2of these new species, the Ferrusquia-Villafranca
2.5(-2.8)mmlong,persistent;
pedicels2-5 mmlong
(1993) classificationof Mexican morphotectonic
(3.5 mm in fruit and deflexed),covered with
provinceswas utilized.
antrorsehairs;bracteoleslinear
straight-appressed,
to lanceolate,1-nerved,
ciliate,0.5-0.6(-1)mm long,
Phaseolus macvaughiiA. Delgado, sp. nov. (Fig.
subpersistent.
Calyxcampanulate,ca. 2.5 mmlong,
1).-TYPE: MEXICO. Jalisco:Municipiode La
sparsely strigillose,the adaxial or upper teeth
Huerta,Playa El Paraiso,19 Sep 1976,A. Delbroad and low, rounded,forminga subtruncategadoS. et al. 129 (holotype:MEXU; isotypes:
on
emarginatelobe,theother3 teethclose together
CAS, CHAPA, IBUG, MICH).
theabaxialside,projecting
ca. 0.5 mm.Corollalight
R micrantho
Hook. & Arn.affinis,
sed differt
ha- lilac or whitefadingto yellow,less than1 cm long;
bito annuo volubilitenello,radicibusfibrosis,fo- standardreflexed,oblong,ca. 5 mm long,3.5-5.5
liolislate ovatis,inflorescentiis
at thefold,
3-8 nodibusflorali- mm wide,witha transverse
thickening
bus, floribusminutis,albidis,plerumquefructibus internalbasal flaplike appendages 0.6-0.7 mm
414
2000]
415
DELGADO-SALINAS: NEW SPECIES OF PHASEOLUS
Imm
I mm
mm~~~
ik
based on DelgadoS. et al. 129 (MEXU). A. Habit.B. Bracteole.C. Calyx.D. Standard.E.
FIG. 1. Phaseolius
inacvaughii
stamen.I. Fruit,withtwistingvalvesafterdehiscence.J.Fruit.K. Seed
Wingpetal.F Keel. G. Gynoecium.H. Vexillary
fromDelgadoS. et al. 1581 (MEXU).
416
SYSTEMATICBOTANY
[Volume 25
long,micropapilloseon thebasal partof theblade Coahauayutla,J.C. Soto1675(MEXU).Jalisco:Munbetweenthe transversalthickeningand the claw; icipioLa Huerta,a 4 km al N del Ejido La Fortuna,
M. 9187withE. Lott(MEXU);Estacion
wing petals obovate,5-6.5 mm long,3 mm wide, R. Herna'ndez
y DifusionChaadherent de Investigacion,
theclaws ca. 1 mm long,theblade firmly
Experimentacion,
to thekeelbut scarcelyto theandroecium,auricu- mela, UNAM,19?30' N, 1050 03' Q, E. J.Lott1449
lateat theshort,narrowbase; keelnarrow,smooth- (MEXU); Estacionde Biologia-Chamela,
UNAM, J.
ly incurved,ca. 4 mm abovebase,somewhattwist- A. S. Magallanes830 (MEXU); Estacionde Biologiaed, tightly
coiledca. 1.5 turnsat apex; androecium Chamela,UNAM, ArroyoColorado,S. Bullock1791
with vexillarystamen thickenedabove the base (MEXU-EBCh); vereda a Rincon de Ixtan, viejo
witha dorsifixed
anther;pollentricolporate,
oblate- camino a Nacastillo,E. J.Lott1420 y R. Herna'ndez
spheroidal,exine sculpturingnarrowly-reticulate,
(MEXU-EBCh); vereda a Rincon de Ixtan, viejo
colpuswithmargonotprominent,
pseudocolpinot camino a Nacastillo,M. G. Ayala 993 (MEXUpresent,operculumhemispheric,
caducous under EBCh); patio internode la Estacion,A. DelgadoS.
acetolysis(Fig. 8); gynoeciumwithgynophoresur- 1581 (MEXU); Chamela,Playa de Cuastecomate,8
roundedby a cylindrical
nectarialdisk,less than1 km by road northwestof Barra de Navidad, R.
mm long, ovarystraight,
up to 5 ovules,densely McVaugh20747 (MICH). Michoacan:MunicipioAqpubescentwith uncinateand some straighthairs uila, 6 km al 0 de Rio Cachan,carreteraTecoman0.1-0.3mm long,mostlyalong thesutures,notse- Playa Azul, E. J. Lott1975 y J.A. S. Magallanes
604 (MEXU,
tose; stylecoiled with pollen brush on the inner (MEXU,TEX-LL);La Ticla,B. Guerrero
side,stigmanarrowlyovateto lanceolate,introrse, XAL); 4 km camino Cachan-Maruata,B. Guerrero
0.5 mm long. Fruitdimorphic(thetwo typespre- 1053 (MEXU,XAL); Barrancadel Muerto,B. Guersent on the same infrutescence):
largerfruitsob- rero1092 (MEXU,XAL); MunicipioArteaga,9 km
4610 (MEXU). SinE. Martfnez
long-falcate,ca. 1 cm long,0.5 cm wide,3-5-seed- al NE de Infiernillo,
ed, valvesthinand elasticallydehiscent;1-2-seeded aloa: MunicipioAngostura,carreteraCostera,30
1.5-2.5 cm long, 4.5-6 mm km del entronquecon la carreteraAngostura-Cuones, acinaciformis,
wide,short-rostrated;
valvespapery,sparinglypu- liacain,cerrosde la derechaexposicionN, G. Bojo'rberulent,tardily dehiscent along both sutures. quez 432 (MEXU); MunicipioCuliacan, al NE de
Seeds 3-4.5 mmlong,3-4 mmwide,ellipticto sub- San Roman,240 41' 48" N, 107?08' 48" Q, G. Bojorreniform,compressed;testa glossy,lightbrown, quez et al. 1239 (MEXU); SierraTacichamona,ca. 3
mottledwith black marks,surfacewrinkledwith km. al SE de la Estancia"Los Garcia",240 22' 01"
withpersis- N, 1070 00' 25" Q,R. Vega-Avifia
et al. 6829 (MEXU).
rugosesculpture;hilumovate,centric,
tentepihilum,lensglobose,slightlydividedin two.
The above description
was adaptedfromtheone
Seedlingsfromepigealgermination,
stipulesentire, publishedby McVaugh(1987), with whom I diseophyllswith3-partpetioles,stipelsabsent.Chro- cussed the taxonomicvalidityas well as the dismosome number,2 n = 20 (Mercado-Ruaroand tinctivefeaturesofthistaxonwhilehe was writing
his PhaseolusaccountfortheFloraNovo-Galiciana.
Delgado-Salinas1998).
Distribution. Phaseolusmacvaughiiis usually McVaugh(1987)recognized,althoughnotformally,
as a well-defined
foundin scarceand local populations,growingon Phaseolus
varietyunder
macvaughii
("var.no.1"; page 660),based mainly
rockybeachesand gravellyridges,in sandyor clay- R micranthus
ey soils or near streamcoursesin tropicaldecidu- on the differing
degreeand typeof hair covering,
ous forests.This species is limitedto the southern stipuleform,and flowerdifferences
(petalcolorand
Plains(Sinaloa) and to thelengthof thewing petals).Indeed,myconcept
portionoftheNorthwestern
the PacificCoastal Plains on the statesof Jalisco, of this entityis in no way different
fromthatof
McVaughexceptthatI emphasizethe differences
Michoacan,and Guerrero;0-350 m.
in rankingit at the species
Phenology. Floweringtakes places fromSep- ratherthansimilarities
temberto December,and fruiting
fromSeptember level. Accordingto phylogeneticanalysis,P macto March. In greenhouseconditions,this species vaughii
withPhaseolus
micranthus
and P leptogether
bloomedin March,and provedto be self-compati- tostachyus
Benth.forma monophyletic
clade,theP
ble and self-pollinating.
leptostachyus
group,markedin partbyan aneuploid
Additional Specimens Examined. MEXICO. (2 n = 20) chromosomenumber(Fig. 2; DelgadoGuerrero:MunicipioLa Union, El Limon, en el Salinas et al. 1999). Phaseolusmacvaughii
principal
caminoa La Salada, G. Campos1362(FCME); 10 km peculiaritiesare the presenceof a unique fruitdial SO de El Infiernillo,
and itsfibrousrootsyscaminoa morphism(see description)
aproximadamente
2000]
417
DELGADO-SALINAS: NEW SPECIES OF PHASEOLUS
outgroup
P. microcarpus
P. pedicellatusgroup
restofP. tuerckheimii
group
P. chiapasanus
P. hintonii
P. tuerckheimii
group
P. xanthotrichus
P. zimapanensis
P. vulgarisgroup
group
P. filiformis
group
P. pauciflorus
P. macvaughii
group
restofP. leptostachyus
P. leptostachyus
group
P. lunatusgroup
group
P. polystachios
speciesgroupsadaptedfromDelgado-Salinaset al. (1999).The arrowat thebase
FIG. 2. Phylogeny
of thePhaseolus
ofthisgroup.The
number(21Z = 20), a synapomorphy
of theP leptostaclzyus
groupsignifiesan aneuploidchromosome
P xanthotrichus,
and P. ziniapaof the clade containingP hintonii,
an inversecoiledkeel,a synapmorphy
bar represents
of thischaracter).
fordescription
nensis(see discussionunderR hintonii
withboththenarrowtaprootsin whereasP leptostachyus,
a widespreadhighaltitude
tem,contrasting
Phaseolusmicranthus
and thethickerand lignescent species,occurs in grassyopeningsin oak or oakor sometimesin weedydisturbedhabtaprootspresentin P leptostachyus.
Also, its seeds pine forests,
is
have a wrinkledseed coat,not smoothas in the itats. In westernMexico, Phaseolusmacvaughii
sisterspeciesPhaseolusmicranthus
and P leptostach-knownas "frijolilld'.
yus.In addition,thealtitudeand habitatofPhaseolus I take greatpleasurein namingthisinteresting
P leptostachyus
and P macvaughii
are for Phaseolusin honorof Dr. RogersMcVaugh,notable
micranthus,
the most part distinct.In general,P micranthus
is botanistand explorerof the Novo-Galicianaflora,
to discuss
found in open mid-altitudewoodlands,although withwhom I have had the opportunity
oftenseems to be inhabitantof deep forestshade, thetaxonomyofbeans.
KEY TO THE SPECIES PHASEOLUSMICRANTHUSAND P. MACVAUGHII
1. Plantsshort-lived
perennials;rootswitha slendertaproots;stemsusuallysetose,oftencopiouslyso; pedicels23.5 mm long; bracteole1-1.5 mm long; calyx 2.5-3.7 mm long; corollapink,lilac or violet,1-1.4 cm long;
R nmicranthus
standard5.5-9 mmwide; ovarylong-setose;fruitfalcate(4-6 seeds) .....
................
418
SYSTEMATICBOTANY
[Volume 25
1. Plantsannual;rootswitha fibroussystem;stemsscarcelysetose;pedicels2-5 mmlong;bracteole0.5-0.6(1) mm
long; calyxca. 2.5 mm long;corollalightlilac or whitethatfadesto yellow,ca. 6.5 mm long;standard3.5-5.5
mm wide; ovarynotsetose;fruitsdimorphic:oblong-falcate
(3-5 seeds) and acinaciformis
(1-2-seeded) .....
..................
...................c.............................
nacvaughii
Phaseolus perplexusA. Delgado, sp. nov.(Fig.3).TYPE: MEXICO. Jalisco:MunicipioTalpa de
Allende,a 24 km al S de Talpa, caminoa La
Cuesta,8 Sep 1979,J.A. S. Magallanes1965(holotype:MEXU,othersto be distributed).
cinatehairs, sometimesdistallycoveredwith retrorsehairs;bracteoleslinear,0.7-3 mm long,0.20.5 mm wide, hirtellous,sometimespersistentin
fruit.Calyx campanulate,7-8(12) mm long,inner
surfacewitha ringof appressedhair at thethroat
oftubeand minuteuncinatehairson thelobes;outR leptophyllo
G. Don affinis,sed differt
bracteis er surface,sparselyto denselyhirtellous,
oftenglaprimariislongioribus,
pedicellisarcuatis,pilis un- brous; upper lobes partiallyfused, obtuse,often
cinatisrecti-adpressisque
antrorsisobtectis,calyce one largerthanother,(3-)4.5-5.5mm long,(2-)2.5profundelobato, lobis oblongo-lanceolatis,
plus 3.7 mm wide; laterallobes oblong,obtuse,4-6 mm
quam dimidio longitudiniscalycis tubo, carina long,1.7-2.5mmwide; lowerlobe lanceolate,acute,
2.75-3 spiralis.
3.5-6 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide; flowerbuds obHerbaceous,perennialvines,1-2 m long,devel- long-curved(mitten-shaped).Corolla pink-lilac
opingfroma small tuberoustaproot1-3 cm in di- (purple), standard darkerthan wing petals and
ameter.Stemsslender(wiry),angled,oftenpurplish
keel,1.4-1.8 cm long,5-6 mm high;standardobredpigmented,
glabrousorsparselyto denselycovlong-obovateor orbicular,ca. 1 cm long, 0.8-1.2
ered with yellow to reddishbrown,straight-apmm wide, the upper half reflexed,emarginateat
pressed hairs,intermingled
with minuteuncinate
apex, thickenedat point of reflexion,
marginsof
hairs.Leaves withstipulesovateto triangular,
lanblade rolledbackwards,spreadingbackwards,auceolate,3.5-6.5(-8)mm long,1.5-3.5(-4)mm wide,
riculateat base withtwo quadrateflaplikeappendsometimesglabrous,with5-7
hirtellous-strigillose,
ages, ca. 1.5 mm long;below thickenedat pointof
prominent
veins,horizontally
placed on thestems;
reflexion,
prominently
concave,withpapillose surpetioles 1.4-3.5 cm long and rachises0.5-1.5 cm
face,basal claw 2.5-3 mmlong,3-4 mmwide;wing
long, both sparsely to densely covered with
ca.
cm long,6-7 mm
straight-appressed,
antrorsehairs,sometimesgla- petals oblong-obovate, 1.5(-2)
narrower
at
wider
and
wide,
base,
conspicuously
brous; upper stipelstriangular,
0.5-1.3 mm long,
the
lower
basal
constrictedexceeding
keel;
portion
antrorse;lower stipels ovate-lanceolate,
1.5-2(-4)
leaf- folded, upper basal margin, auriculate-rounded
mm long,0.3-0.5mmwide,1-veined,retrorse;
lets thin,ovate to lanceolate,sometimeslinearto and thickened,surfaceslamellate,reclined,often
lanceolate,acute to acuminateat tip,attenuateto blade run throughby a horizontalfold;claws of
truncateatbase,sometimeslateralleafletswithbas- wing petals 4.5-5.5 mm long; keel incurved,8-9
al lobe on outermargin,upper surfacedarkgreen, mm long,ca. 6 mm above thebase, claws 4-5 mm
scabrous-hirtellous
mainlyat tipand margins,low- long, transversepouch more prominenton right
er surfacelightgreen,denselycoveredwithminute side petal,distally2.75-3 coiled,coil diameterca.
uncinatehairs,witha wingedmidrib;terminal
leaf- 2.5 cm; androeciumwitha vexillarystamen1.5-1.6
lets2.4-5(-8.5)cm long,0.7-1 cm wide,lateralleaf- cm long,with a gibbousappendage towardbase,
letstendingto be shorterand wider.Inflorescences witha dorsifixedanther,oblong,ca. 0.7 mm long;
in pseudoracemes,mostly7.5-22 cm long, main staminaltubeca. 2 cm long,auriculateatbase,with
anthers5 dorsifixed
lengthsoffilaments,
axis denselycoveredwith minute,uncinatehairs; 3 different
oblate-spheroipeduncle2-9.5 cmlong;rachis(0.2-)3.2-11cmlong, and 4 basifixed;pollentricolporate,
reticulate,
colpuswithmargo
with mostly(2-3-)5-6(-8)biflorusnodes; pedun- dal, exinesculpturing
pseudocolpinotpresent,operculum
cular basal bracts ovate,1 mm long, sometimes notprominent,
caducousunderacetolysis(Fig.9); gywanting;primarybractsovate-lanceolate,
rarelyor- hemispheric,
bicular,2.5-8 mmlong,1-3.5mmwide,sparselyto noeciumwith gynophoresurroundedby a cylin3-7 veined,persistent;
denselyhirtellous,
secondary drical nectarialdisk less than 1 mm long; ovary
withupbractslinear-subulate,
1.5-3 mm long,0.2-0.5mm linear,5.5-6 mm long,denselystrigillose,
wide, hirtellous,mostlycaducous; pedicels 2.5-5 per marginshirtellous;ovules 10-12;styledistally
mm long,archedat fruit,coveredwithminuteun- broaderand introrsely
bearded; stigmaplaced on
Mcvaughia, a New Genus of Malpighiaceae from Brazil
Author(s): William R. Anderson
Reviewed work(s):
Source: Taxon, Vol. 28, No. 1/3 (Apr., 1979), pp. 157-161
Published by: International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT)
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1219571 .
Accessed: 07/06/2012 16:21
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of
content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms
of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.
International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and
extend access to Taxon.
http://www.jstor.org
TAXON 28(1, 2/3): 157-161.APRIL 1979
MCVAUGHIA, A NEW GENUS OF MALPIGHIACEAE FROM BRAZIL
William R. Anderson1
Introduction
The state of Bahia has one of the least known and most interesting floras in Brazil.
Since the visits of several European botanists in the last century, the flora of interior
Bahia, especially the northern part, has remained largely uncollected and unstudied.
Thus it is good news indeed that Dr. Raymond M. Harley of Kew has successfully
taken two botanical expeditions into Bahia in the last four years. Among the Malpighiaceae Dr. Harley has sent for my study have been several new to science; the
most interesting of them is described here as a new genus and species.
Mcvaughia W. R. Anderson, gen. nov.
Frutex foliis decussatis, lamina glandulis abaxialibus instructa, stipulis intra- et epipetiolaribus, omnino connatis, in petiolo persistentibus. Inflorescentiaterminalis, plerumque
simplex, interdumternata, thyrsus ex cincinnis brevibus compositus, bracteis bracteolisque
persistentibus,bracteola prima et bracteolis alternis glandulaabaxiali excentrica instructis.
Alabastrumsphaeroideum,parumgibbosum,rectum(non circinatum).Sepala5, omniabiglandulifera.Petala5, glabra,aurea,2 antico-lateraliaremanentiaimbricataut in alabastro,minora
quam2 postico-lateralia.Torusutrinquestaminumglaber.Stamina10,7 anticafertilia,3 postica
plerumqueparvaet sterilia,interdum1 vel raro2 fertilia;antheraefertiles ? similares,glabrae,
hippocrepiformes,loculis apicecontinuis,connectivoparvo. Pollen4-(5-)colporatum.Ovarium
carpellis3 omninoconnatis, 1 carpellopaene postico et 2 + anticis, uniloculare,loculo postico
et 1 antico omnino absentibus,loculo fertili 1 ovulum continenti;styli 3, apicales, graciles et
subulati,stigmateparuminterno. Fructusnux parvaindehiscensviridis, maturasicca et brunnea, 2 cavitates continens, cavitate proximali(loculo vero) murotenaci et semen unicumcontinenti,distalimurotenuioreet substantiaviridioleagineapartimrepleta.Semensphaeroideum,
cotyledonibus latis tenuibusque, corrugatis plicatisque et versus hypocotylum reflexis.
Chromosomatumnumerus:n=10. Figurae1 et 2.
Type: Mcvaughiabahiana W. R. Anderson.
Mcvaughia is referable to the subfamily Byrsonimoideae and the tribe Byrsonimeae (Anderson, 1978). Its closest relative is Burdachia, which differs from
Mcvaughia in the following characters (Anderson, in prep.): Flower buds circinate;
petals pink or white, the 4 laterals alike; all 10 anthers fertile and subsimilar, with
linear, distinct locules often exceeded at the apex by the thick, fleshy connective;
ovary with 1 carpel nearly anterior and 2+ posterior, 3-locular but 1 of the posterior
locules empty and smaller; fruit with a fibrous or aerenchymatous wall; cotyledons
thick, 1 folded back once lengthwise, the other embracing it. Burdaclhia is a genus of
Amazonia and Guyana, where the trees usually grow by rivers or in periodically
inundated igap6s; the fruits are adapted for dispersal by water. Of the two known
collections of Mcvaulghia, one was found in very dry caatinga (thorn scrub) and the
other in flooded ground near a river (probably only very temporarily flooded). The
small fruit has no obvious adaptation for dispersal, unless the green, oily tissue in the
distal chamber can serve as food for small rodents. It is suggestive that that chamber
1 The Universityof MichiganHerbarium,Ann Arbor,
Michigan,U.S.A.
APRIL
1979
157
4
\
s
Ar!
f
I
g
h
II
'i: I,?
li11
\
I
ix
i
I
~
J
a:,i
ff-
:::::::.
a
:t.3
CW
ch
X,:::
y:2x-?dn
J$ri
m
158
TAXON
VOLUME 28
is easily pierced, while the proximal seed-containing chamber is much better protected.
Aside from its peculiar fruit, Mcvaughia is notable for its petals and androecium.
The two anterior petals, which are outermost in bud, remain cupped one inside the
other and incompletely expanded, making the flower appear four-petaled. This is
unique in the family. The only other genus in the Byrsonimoideae with a reduced
androecium is Diacidia, in which the stamens lost are anterior, not posterior, and the
stamens (including filaments) are completely lost there, not just reduced as in
Mcvaughia (Anderson, in prep.). The horseshoe-shaped anther is most unusual; I do
not recall seeing its like in any other member of the subfamily. Finally, the chromosome number is noteworthy because I have recently (Anderson, 1978) suggested that
numbers of n=6 or 12 help to distinguish the subfamily Byrsonimoideae. Mcvaughia
contradicts that generalization, yet there is no doubt, when all characters are considered, that it belongs in this subfamily. It will be especially interesting to see how
many pairs of chromosomes are in Burdachia.
This genus is named for Rogers McVaugh, my mentor, colleague, and friend. For
15 years he has been an unfailing source of information, advice, and inspiration. May
his years in "retirement" be as productive as the last 45 years.
Mcvaughia bahiana W. R. Anderson, sp. nov.
Frutex usque 3 m altus, ramosus, internodiisvegetativisteretibus, primumdense sericeis,
demumglabrescentibus.Laminafoliorummajorum4.5-8.5 cm longa, 2.0-4.5 (-5.0) cm lata,
ellipticavel obovata, basi cuneata vel rotundata,apice acuta vel rotundataet apiculata,supra
novella tomentosa mox glabrescens, subtus dense et pertinacitertomentosa vel lanata, pilis
trabeculaca 1.5 mm longa, tenuissima,subrectavel serpentina,appressavel patenti, medifixa
pede brevissimo, subtus basi prope costam 2 glandulismagniset interdumdistaliter1-aliquot
glandulisparvismunita,nervis lateralibussupraimpressiset subtus prominentibus,venis tertiariis paralleliset subtus prominulis;petiolus 3-7 mm longus, pertinacitersericeus, eglandulosus; stipularumpar 2.5-5.0 mm longum, ovatum vel triangulare,abaxialitersericeum,
adaxialiterglabrum. Inflorescentia3-10 cm longa, sericea, erecta, ex 12-24 cincinnis composita, quoque cincinno2-7 flores continenti,bracteis2-7 mm longis, angustetriangularibus,
abaxialitersericeis, adaxialiterglabris, bracteolisbracteis similaribussed tantum 1.5-2.5 mm
longis, pedunculoflorifero 1.5-4.5 mm longo (ex bracteolaglanduliferasubtendentimenso),
laxe sericeo. Pedicellusverus (i.e., ultraarticuluminterpedunculumpedicellumque)0-0.5 mm
longus(-1.0 mmfructu).Sepalasuperantiaglandulas2-3 mm, 1.5-2.0 mmlata, triangularia,per
anthesinappressa, abaxialitersericea, adaxialiterglabra,glandulis1.5-2.5 mm longis, aureis,
obovatis, compressis praeter par anticum. Petala antico-lateraliaungue 1.2-1.5 mm longo,
limbo3.0 mmlongoet 4.5 mmlato (non complanato),profundeconcavo, paeneerecto, margine
denticulatoet eglandulosovel basi 2 glandulisminutisinstructo;petala postico-lateraliaungue
2.0 mmlongo, limbo5.5-6.5 mmlongo, 6.0-7.0 mmlato, planovel parumconcavo, subcirculari,
patenti,margineeroso et eglandulosovel basi 2 glandulisminutisinstructo;petalumposticum
Fig. I. Mcvaughiabahiana: a) floweringbranch, x 0.5; b) stipules and leaf-bases, x 1.5;
c) cincinnus, x 2; d) flower bud, x 5; e) flower(anteriorpetals bent downwardslightly), x 3.5;
f) staminodesand 4 fertile stamens, adaxialview (middlestaminodeopposite posteriorpetal;
stamenat far rightoppositeanteriorsepal), x 7.5; g) stamen,adaxialview, x 10;h) gynoecium,
viewed from front of flower, x 10; i) ovary, cross-section, x 20; j) fruit, two views, x 2.5;
k) fruit,cross-sectionof distalchamber,showingoil-tissuebent aroundfurrow,x 5; 1)fruit,cut
longitudinally,showing distal chamberwith oil-tissue and proximallocule (seed removed), x
2.5; m) embryo, x 5. Drawnfrom the type by Karin Douthit.
APRIL
1979
159
160
TAXON VOLUME 28
ungue3.0-4.0 mm longoet crassissimo,limbo6.0-7.0 mmlongo, 7.0-8.0 mmlato, late obovato,
valde reflexo, margine basi utrinque3-4 glandulis instructo et distaliter eroso. Filamenta
staminumfertilium2.0-3.0 mm longa, 3 antica brevioraquamaltera,glabra,liberavel brevissime connata, recta; antherae0.7-1.0 mm longae; staminodiabreviora,2 sepalis posticis oppositainterdumsepalistecta. Ovarium1.0-1.3 mmaltum,laxe sericeum;styli 2.5-2.7 mmlongi,
glabri,recti vel parumcurvati. Fructus7.0-8.5 mm longus, 4.0-5.0 mm latus, laxe tomentosus
et minutepilosuspilis longioribusdeciduis,proximaliterrugosus, 1 calcaribasaliet sulco distali
instructus.Chromosomatumnumerus(in typo numeratus):n= 10. Figurae1 et 2.
Type. Roadsidecaatingain coarsely sandy soil, 12 km SE of Santaluzon road from Conceigao do Coit6, ca 39? 20' W, 11? 20' S, elev 460 m, Bahia, Brazil, 6 Mar 1976, William R.
Anderson11740 (holotype MBM, isotypes F, G, K, MICH, NY, P, RB, SP, U, UB, US).
Paratype.Flooded groundwith standingtrees and grazedgrasslandnear river, 20 km E of
Cameleaoon Itiiba-Cansangaoroad,ca 39?33' W, 10?40' S, Bahia,Brazil,21 Feb 1974,R. M.
Harley 16465 (CEPLAC-CEPEC (Centro de Pesquisas do Cacau, Itabuna, Bahia, Brazil),
MICH).
This is the only known species of Mcvaughia. The specific epithet refers to the
state of Bahia, which can be expected to yield many more interesting novelties in the
next few years as collecting there accelerates under the auspices of CEPLAC and the
Projeto Flora Nordestina.
Acknowledgements
I was enabledto visit Bahiaand collect materialof Mcvaughiaby NationalScience Foundation GrantGB-37314.StuartLowrieacetolyzedthe pollen, and KarinDouthitdrewthe plate. I
am most gratefulto Dr. RaymondM. Harleyfor sendingme the first collection of this plant.
References
Anderson, WilliamR. 1977 [1978]. Byrsonimoideae,a new subfamilyof the Malpighiaceae.
Leandra 7: 5-18.
Anderson, William R. The Malpighiaceaeof the GuayanaHighland.Mem. New YorkBot.
Gard. (in preparation).
Fig. 2. Mcvaughia bahiana: a) flower from behind, x 3.8; b) anthers, left to right side,
adaxial, and abaxialviews, x 33; c) androeciumand gynoeciumfrom frontof flower, x 12.5;
d) androeciumandgynoeciumfrombehind, x 12.5;e) stigma, x 115;f) embryo, x 11;g) pollen,
side view, x 1350;h) pollen, polarview, x 1350;i) chromosomesat metaphaseof meiosis II, x
4000;j)pollen, opticalsection throughpoles, x 1350;k) pollen,opticalsection throughequator,
x 1350.
APRIL 1979
161
2007
ANDERSON & CORSO: PSYCHOPTERYS
121
al S de Taxco, carretera a Iguala, Rzedowski 27067 (DS, ENCB, F, LL, US); Cañón de la Mano Negra, al
N de Iguala, Rzedowski 27088 (DS, ENCB, F, MO, SD); en El Cuindancito, 94 km al S de Cd. Altamirano,
Soto N. & Martínez S. 4994 (ENCB, MEXU, UAMIZ, XAL).—JALISCO: Mpio. Tequila, Barranca de los
Tanques, 3 km N of Tequila-Magdalena hwy from a junction ca. 3 km W of Tequila, Anderson 13816
(MICH), Villarreal 6122 (IBUG, MICH); foothills of the Sierra de Manantlán, 5 km W of Tuxcacuesco,
Cochrane 11647 (F, MICH, MO, ZEA).—MÉXICO: Bejucos, Tejupilco, García R. 107 (MEXU); Mpio.
Temascaltepec, Pungarancho, Hinton 3147 (A, NY), Guayabal, Hinton 3370 (A, NY) & 7523 (ENCB, F, LL,
NY, US), Limones, Hinton 5569 (F, MICH), Chorrera, Hinton 5744 (A, F, NY, US) & 7513 (F, MICH, NY,
US), Ixtapan, Hinton 7498 (A, LL, NY, US); Mpio. Malpaís, San Nicolás, 2.5 km al SW de Valle de Bravo,
Matuda 27409 (CAS, ENCB, MEXU, MICH, MO); Santa Bárbara, Matuda 28061 (MEXU).—MORELOS:
Mpio. Yecapixtla, carretera Cuautla–Izúcar, Flores C. 1677 (MICH); Xochicalco, Hahn s.n. (P); Cañón de
Lobos, Vázquez S. 1844 (MEXU); Tezcal, Tejalpa, Vázquez S. 2116 (MEXU).—OAXACA: Mpio. Santos
Reyes Tepejillo, Distr. Santiago Juxtlahuaca, vec. de Santos Reyes Tepejillo, Calzada 19716 (MICH) &
Calzada 20901 (MO); carretera Huajuapan de León–Juxtlahuaca, Distr. Juxtlahuaca, Tenorio L. 3630
(MEXU, MO, XAL).—PUEBLA: Road from Huajuapan de León, Oax., to Izúcar de Matamoros, 4 km from
Oax.-Pue. border, ca. Km 293, Anderson & Anderson 5642 (ENCB, MICH, MO, SD); Puente de Dios, cerca
de Molcaxac, Boege 3055 (CAS, ENCB, MEXU, NY); Mpio. Atoyatempan, 9 km al SE de Tepeyahualco,
Fernández N. 2628 (ENCY, MICH, NY, TEX); Cañada de Mamacla, Dpto. Tepeji de Rodríguez 12 km al
W de Moxcaxac, González Medrano 12364 (MEXU); Atlayehualco cerca Atlisco, Lyonnet 3099 (US);
Matamoros, Miranda 2435 (MEXU); C. Agua Fría, Miranda 2590 (MEXU); Chila, Saunders s.n. (ENCB,
US); Mpio. Molcaxac, Molcaxac, Puente Natural del Río Atoyac, Weber 144 (ENCB).
Psychopterys dipholiphylla is distinguished by its more or less persistently thinly
sericeous lamina that is acute to obtuse at the apex, the small petiole glands, the
whitish inflorescence hairs, the sericeous petals, the relatively long anthers, and the
large samara with a tomentose nut and a well-developed dorsal wing reaching the
base of the nut and distinct from the style at the apex. Psychopterys dipholiphylla,
P. multiflora, and P. polycarpa constitute a complex of similar taxa, all adapted to
the seasonally dry woodlands that are widespread in southern Mexico. They are
geographically disjunct (Fig. 1), but considered together their ranges cover much of
southern Mexico, plus a small part of adjacent Guatemala. It could be argued that
they should be treated as three varieties or subspecies of one species, but we feel that
the morphological differences between them, and their non-overlapping distributions,
justify treating them as distinct species.
One occasionally encounters collections of this species (e.g., Boege 3055) in
which many flowers have two or all three styles coherent in their distal half. They are
not fused, as they can be separated easily and do separate in some flowers. This phenomenon is interesting because of its rarity in the Malpighiaceae. Something quite
similar happens in the Mexican genus Echinopterys Adr. Juss., which is not closely
related to Psychopterys.
2. Psychopterys mcvaughii W. R. Anderson & S. Corso, sp. nov.—TYPE: MEXICO. Jalisco: South-facing foothills of Sierra de Manantlán [ca. 40 km SE of Autlán],
2–3 km above the abandoned site of Durazno, along lumber-road between
El Chante and Cuzalapa, 19°32'N, 104°14'W, 24 Mar 1965 fl, McVaugh 23243
(holotype: MICH!; isotypes: CAS! ENCB! IBUG! IEB! K! MEXU! MO!
NY! US! WIS!).
Lamina foliorum majorum 14.5–20 cm longa, 5.5–8.2 cm lata; petiolus foliorum
maturorum apice vel sub apice biglandulosus glandulis plerumque 1.1–2 (–2.5) mm
longis; stipulae in caule juxta petiolum portatae; bracteae per anthesin deciduae;
inflorescentiae axes sericei et pilis dispersis stipitatis fuscis fusiformibus instructi;
petala abaxialiter fuscosericea.
122
CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM
VOLUME 25
Woody vine; stems densely silver-sericeous with somewhat sinuous hairs plus an
overlayer of short-stalked brown irregularly fusiform hairs giving the stem a scurfy
brownish aspect; older stems glabrescent. Lamina of larger leaves 14.5–20 cm long,
5.5–8.2 cm wide, elliptical, eglandular, truncate or abruptly cuneate (not decurrent)
at base, rounded to acuminate at apex with the acumen often 10–15 mm long, initially thinly white-sericeous on both sides, especially on midrib, the abaxial midrib
and principal lateral veins bearing scattered short-stalked brown fusiform hairs, both
sides eventually glabrate; petiole 6–15 mm long, loosely silver or golden-sericeous
with an overlayer of short-stalked brown fusiform hairs, eventually glabrate, biglandular at or just below apex, the glands slightly adaxial, 1.1–2 (–2.5) mm long on most
full-sized leaves, not protuberant; stipules 0.7–1 mm long, triangular, sericeous to
glabrate, borne on stem near adaxial edge of petiole, eventually deciduous. Inflorescences with the ultimate pseudoracemes 0.8–3.7 cm long and containing 4–12 flowers,
persistently loosely golden- and silver-sericeous with an admixture of short-stalked
brown fusiform hairs, especially proximally; bracts and bracteoles abaxially loosely
sericeous, adaxially glabrous, the bracts 1.2–1.7 mm long, triangular, deciduous during anthesis, the bracteoles like bracts but shorter (0.9–1.3 mm long), narrower, and
longer persistent; pedicel 4–9 mm long in flower, 0.4–0.6 mm in diameter proximally
and 1–1.2 mm in diameter distally during anthesis, loosely sericeous with the hairs
persistent during anthesis. Sepals 2.1–2.5 mm long, 0.7–1 mm wide, narrowly ovate,
rounded or broadly obtuse at apex, abaxially loosely sericeous with the hairs denser
in the center and the tissue lighter-colored and membranous toward margin, ciliate
on margin, adaxially glabrous. Petals strongly reflexed in anthesis, abaxially loosely
sericeous with brown hairs from base of limb nearly to apex but not to margins; claw
1.1–1.5 mm long; limb elliptical or obovate, broadly rounded at apex, erose, truncate
at base, 5–6.2 mm long, 2.3–3.4 mm wide. Filaments 3.3–4.8 mm long; anthers 1.3–1.6
mm long, glabrous, the locules sometimes twisted in age. Ovary densely sericeous,
1.2–1.4 mm high; styles 4–4.8 mm long, subequal, glabrous, spreading from base,
nearly straight or slightly incurved distally. Fruit unknown.
Psychopterys mcvaughii is known only from the type, which was abundant in
“tropical subdeciduous forest in steep valley of rapid stream, with Quercus, Juglans,
Fraxinus, Magnolia, Prunus” at 1250 m.
This species is distinguished by the scattered stalked brown fusiform hairs present (at least initially) on the stems, leaves, and inflorescence axes, and by the large
leaves, long petiole glands, interpetiolar stipules, deciduous floriferous bracts, relatively large petals bearing brown hairs, and long filaments and styles. Its relatively
mesic habitat is also unusual, although not unique, in the genus.
Psychopterys mcvaughii is named in honor of Rogers McVaugh (b. 1909), mentor,
friend, and student of the flora of western Mexico.
3. Psychopterys multiflora (Nied.) W. R. Anderson & S. Corso, comb. nov. Lasiocarpus multiflorus Nied., Arbeiten Bot. Inst. Königl. Lyceum Hosianum
Braunsberg 8: 62. 1926.—TYPE: MEXICO. Chiapas: Mpio. Tuxtla Gutiérrez,
Hacienda Arenal, 23 Feb 1896 fl, Seler & Seler 1974 (holotype: B†, photo: F
neg. 12831!, fragments NY!; isotype: GH!).
Fig. 5.
Woody vine, rarely described as a shrub or treelet; stems persistently tightly
sericeous with very short, strongly appressed, silver or whitish hairs, eventually glabrescent. Lamina of larger leaves 6.2–13 cm long, 2–4.8 cm wide, mostly elliptical
but occasionally somewhat ovate or obovate, eglandular, cuneate or obtuse (not
114
CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM
VOLUME 25
FIG. 1. Distribution of the species of Psychopterys.
assigned his specimen to Lasiocarpus because both Lasiocarpus and Psychopterys
have eglandular sepals and nearly or quite radial corollas. In his 1928 treatment of
the Malpighiaceae for Das Pflanzenreich Niedenzu did not mention Mascagnia
polycarpa. He quoted the protologue of Hiraea dipholiphylla at the end of Hiraea
(p. 144) under “Species incertae mihi non visae” [Uncertain species not seen by me]
with the added note, “Num revera Hiraea?” [Surely not really Hiraea?]. In 1937
Bullock transferred H. dipholiphylla to Mascagnia, and in 1940 Morton and Standley
described a fourth species of Psychopterys, as Mascagnia rivularis (Standley 1940).
Since then, botanists have followed Brandegee, Bullock, Morton, and Standley in
using the generic name Mascagnia for these plants.
In the phylogenetic trees for Malpighiaceae that have been published in recent
years (Cameron et al. 2001; Davis et al. 2001, 2002), the genus Psychopterys [represented by Mascagnia dipholiphylla (Small) Bullock] was placed consistently in a
clade with Adelphia W. R. Anderson [represented by Mascagnia hippocrateoides (Triana & Planch.) Nied.], Excentradenia W. R. Anderson, Hiraea, and Lophopterys Adr.
Juss. In Davis et al. (2002) that clade had 79% bootstrap support. Recently acquired
and still unpublished data of C. Davis and W. R. Anderson continue to place those
five genera together in what we are calling the Hiraea clade, with 75% bootstrap support (Fig. 2). For the purpose of this discussion we shall assume that Psychopterys is
correctly placed in the Hiraea clade.
The plants of the Hiraea clade are all neotropical. They are mostly woody vines,
they have short sepals that leave the petals exposed in bud, and most species have
butterfly-shaped samaras (highly modified in Lophopterys; Anderson & Davis 2001)
with many fine parallel veins in the chartaceous lateral wings. The same can be said,
however, for other genera not in the Hiraea clade, such as Amorimia W. R. Anderson
and Carolus W. R. Anderson (Anderson 2006), so these characters are probably all
symplesiomorphic in the Hiraea clade. The stipules are not informative, because both
50
FloraNeotropica
Rose 3444 (US), Mexico, Nayarit, Territoriode Tepic, Santa Teresa, 12
Aug 1897. Leaves have a bronzedappearance.Fruitingpedicelsare 2.0-3.5(4.0) mm long and fr is hairy.
M. E. Jones 69 (MO, POM, US), Mexico, Jalisco, Ferreria,28 May
1892. Instead of being deeply and broadly notched, the petals are quite
shallowlynotched.
M. E. Jones (MO, POM, US), Mexico, Jalisco, Tapalpa, 10 Jun 1892.
The leaf beneathhas a moderateamountof hair and the dense pubescenceof
the majorveins is macroscopicallyobvious. The stigmasometimesextends0.5
mm beyondthe tips of the sepals.
Lyonnet211 (US), Mexico, Hidalgo, El Chico, Jul 1927,Pubescenceand
generalappearancediffer fromR. mucronata.
Liebman 1825 (BM, C, US, W), Mexico, Oaxaca, El Pelado. Petioles are
sparselyhairyand 8-12mm long. Fruithas hairs.
Pringle5811 (GH, TEX, U S), Mexico, Oaxaca, NeveriaBarbara,2700
m alt, 17 Oct 1894. This very much like Liebman1825 in havinglong petioles
(12-13mm)andhairyfruits.
Aguilar592 (F), Guatemala,Guatemala.Externalfloral partsare hairyer
and pubescencelongerthantypicalR. mucronata.
Rhamnus mucronata is a widespreadand apparentlyhighly variable
species. The materialfrom the Mexicanstates of MichocAn,Mexico, and the
FederalDistrictis probablywhat was describedas R. mucronataand later as
R. obliqua. The materialfrom farthersouth (eg, Chiapas, et al) is what was
describedas R. nelsonii. Most specimensfrom Chiapascould form a clearcut,
easilyrecognizablecategoryconsistentwiththeoriginaldescriptionofR. nelsonii
and easilydistinguishablefrom Michoacdn-M&xico-Distrito
FederalR. mucronata on the basis of the followingcharacters.R. nelsoniihas pubescentleaves
whichareolive-greenin color,revolutemarginswithremoteinconspicuousteeth,
flowersand fruitsoften more than threeper axil, pedicelsshort (up to 6 mm),
and floral partscaducous.R. mucronatahas glabrousleaves which are green
in color (bright,yellowish,or grayish),plane marginswith moderatelyto very
conspicuousserrationsor crenations,flowers and fruits usually fewer than 3
per axil, pedicels long (up to 11 mm with 7 mm being quite common), and
floral partsmore or less persistent.Collectionsfrom Morelosand Oaxaca, as
well as from CentralAmerica,show variouscombinationsof these characters,
not consistentenoughfor eithercategoryor a separateone. Becauseof the apparent free intergradation all collections are being designated as R.
mucronata, this being an older name than R. nelsonii.
13. RhamnusmcvaughiiL. A. &M. C. Johnston,sp nov.
Fig 18.
Cataphyllanulla; stipulaepersistentes;petioli 2.0-7.0 mm longi; laminae
foliorumellipticae1.6-5.5(-7.5)cm longae, 0.8-1.9(-2.6)cm latae (1.8-)1.9-3.3plo longiores quam latiores basi cuneataerotundataeveobliquaeveutrinque
glabrae praeter nervos nervis utrinque atrocastaneis; pedicelli fructiferi
demum, 9.0-15.0 mm longi vel rarissimebreviores;cupula floralis sub fructu
51
Systematic Treatment
i,
,.
..i. ii4i
::
-
.
. ::
..i:i
i:"
::
.:
.... . . :.. '... -.
'': .
...
....?ii
i
?.?:
? .:...:;.,:,
..?.
: i?: '1.
??
?:
?: ;....
?:
?:
:''.
?'??
..:ii. -,i'
.:..~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~::
:
. ::: :-1 .:..
.
:.:'
:
.....
.. .'.::::
. . ..
: ':
:;
: ?i
:
.
ii~l
:.~~F
!t.....~.,......,..'l.....'.l~....!;:
.,,!.._i'..?.-..-::.~ '
!,F..,:
i:i
-
j:-.
~
.
-
~~::?:???:
i
:~,,
.
-
?::.~
::-.,.,i::j:::.
. ..,:
.
.....
....1. .
'-'"-'i: ;
..
.
. .
...
.
_
,.
..
. ..
"'
.
,..
. .
~-ilii
,
Ir;ili
.,
..! -z
..
?-
:- ,. ::: 1
.i
:
.; . %
-:::.. IV
.
::
: ,::.
..:
:
..
...
.1.
,
,
,..
-
-.
.. .
. .
.
i"
1 mIkoW---i1
i1:r
.~
~ -~:
-:
.
.
... I
..
.;i
.
.
112
.
,
:,
. .::..: .
.
.
.
:ij :,::.
l
.
..
:; ;I
:r
'
.:
.
---.-~. 11,---.
::
::::..%
:%
. :x-- . ,
.:
.
?
.:
.
..
?.ii;i:
.
. . ... ..:
...ii
..
.
.
.
....~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~?
::
.,
532,TE
).Te
: i.
..-:'?.!.
. :
.
:
.
..
.
.
..
.
Brckn
.
.
.:...
,:~.i
: . . -. :. 7 .
%.~N
:
::.:i
:.- -::~
: .:
. .. .
.:.
-: ~~....~~",,..~..,.,:i~-..~
!~,
.
...
....
. ::I: :~-
..%
~
. ...
;??
:
.: -':: . - . ... .... .
..
.
.
..
.
.:
.
..
.-'i
:
"- ..."."
..
.:
:i:i.:.
:.
.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.'-~~~4ii~~ik
~~~~!~~;:~~~:.:
.
.
.
..
.
::
: .
.
i
.
il
..
.
~~~~~~~~~~
~
-
:
:
:.i-
.
. i?:.
..
.IJ
:- i i:.
.
~
.....
1.,
.
.:
-!!i
.........,
. .. . .
.
::..i
..
..... ..............
:
??
,.
.:.:.
.
..
.
..
:.i: 1'?.?:
.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
..
. .:
I'll
..
?
-.
i:~
....
?
..........&~~~:
:.-
-
~?~:; ~' ~.I,-,..........
~~
ij::? :
'.
-~I--
,~~~~~~~~~
:.
i l?
.::
..
. :
:
;.
%.: i ..!
. ...""""?",
"
, i,:-.::i:f
. ::%:
.
. ....
.. ::"::,%
,
..,:`i,%:~""" ".....
.
.
..
.:
- i~!!~-"j
-,:-- ..."
..
.
:::i.
----~i---.-
.
i:::
...
....
.
;?
..
..
I:
~:
~:~:
:-'~:~-
-,
.
::.
:.
.
..1
.":i::."
:: '" .
..... .....
..
. .. :..
....
.
~
".
.
i
.,
..i....i. .. .
.,
I
,
;?
::
:
:....
:
:.:
. .::::
:
..
..:.
.
..
.: .. . :
...
:.:
?
??
?
"~
...
...
z.
,
-...~~~~~ii
..
,.
,
,,.
,
i
i,"'""
.,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~;i~~~~~~~~~~,::.
,~
~ ~~~
.--~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.
-
~
.
,
?
.
.
.
.
..
icl
in
i
5cm
log
. :. - . -
52
FloraNeotropica
demumintegra;drupa5.0-6.0 mm diametro;putamina3.
Shrub 1.0-1.5(-3.0) m tall. Bark dark-colored.Branchletsrarelylonger
than 15.0 cm, straight,with leaves not crowdedand with hairs of 0.5-0.7 mm
long dense terminally and decreasing. Bud-scales absent. Stipules with
pubescencesimilarto stem, dark-coloredand persistent.Petioles 2.0-7.0 mm
long with pubescencesimilar to or somewhat denser than portion of stem
giving rise thereto. Leaf-bladesfirm-textured,flexible to no more than a 450
angle; 1.6-5.5(-7.5)cm long, 0.8-1.9(-2.6)cm wide;ellipticwith a widthof 0.30.5(-0.56) that of length; base rounded or cuneate or oblique; apex obtuse
(usually small leaves) or acute (usually medium-sizedleaves) or acuminate
(mostlylargeleaves);marginplane to slightlyrevolute,crenateto serratewith
teeth (4-)5-8(-9)per cm and ratherinconspicuous,mucro presentor lacking;
aboveglabrousexceptfor midribwith sparseto moderateamountsof hairsup
to 0.7 mm long, usuallydull olive greenwith darkreddish-brownveins imparting a somewhat bronzed overall appearance;beneath glabrous except for
midriband sometimessecondaryveins with hairs similarto that above, paler
colored; secondaryveins 6-12 pairs. No flowers observed. Fruits 1 per axil,
pedicelsrarelyshorterthan 9.0 mm and up to 15.0 mm in lengthand sparsely
beset with hairs; floral cup circularat upper marginwith hairs like those of
pedicel; other floral parts not seen; fruits 5-6 mm in diam, black or dark
brownin preparedspecimens,glabrous,3-seeded.
Type. Mc Vaugh21827 (MICH),Mexico, Oaxaca,Sierrade JuArez,Tuxtepec, ca 50 mi N of OaxacaCity and 17 mi S of northernmosthigh pass, 2800
malt, fr, 12 Oct 1962.
Distribution(Fig 15). From east centralMexico southwardinto Oaxaca.
In dense forest or in clearingswith Pinus, Quercus,and/or Perseaat alt from
ca 2400m to 3000m. Collectedonly in fruit from Jun throughOct.
MEXICO.Hidalgo:Trinidad,fr, 16Jul 1904,Pringle13401(US). Puebla:nearHoney,on
the roadto Pahuatlan,fr, 14 Sep 1945,Miranda3626 (MEXU).Veracruz:Pico de Orizaba,3000
m alt, fr, Sep 1841, Liebman1824 (BM, C, US). Oaxaca:vicinityof Cerro Zempoaltdpetl,E
slopes at Patio de Arena ca 5 km E of summit, ca 2800 m alt, fr, 8 Aug 1950, Hallberg855
(MICH);Pacificslopeof mountains,11mi by roadN of Ixtlan,ca 2550m alt, fr, 19 Jun 1969,G.
L. Webster&Breckon15332(TEX).
14. RhamnusbreedloveiL. A. & M. C. Johnston,sp nov.
Fig 19.
Frutices; cataphylla nulla, laminae foliorum 1.7-5.6(-7.5) cm longae
(0.9)1.2-2.8(-3.0) cm latae, 0.34-0.6-plo saepissime 0.5-plo latiores quam
longae basi cuneataerotundataevemarginesaepe revolutaeremote crenatae
supra glabraevel modice pubescentesnigrescentesvel olivaceae iridescentiis
cupreis subtus glabrae, petioli (4-)5-8(-12)mm longi, stipulae persistentes;
flores 5-meri;pedicelli demum 6-7(-8) mm longi; cupula floralis 5-angulata
partibus floralibus aliquantum persistentibus;fructi 5.0-7.0 mm diametro
trispermi.
Shrub usually to 3.0 m (rarelytaller), evidently evergreen.Bark light
when very young, dark and somewhatreddishwhen older. Stem with short
(0.1-0.2 mm long) pubescencemoderatelydense terminally,moderatelyon
leaf-bearingportions and glabrous on older portions; leaf-scarsprominent.
Bud-scalesabsent. Stipulesca 3.0 mm long, pubescent,dark, and persistent.
Flora Neotropica
44
ifi-i-
----
-
FIG 15. Map showing distributions of taxa of Rhamnus. H, R. hintonii. M, R. mcvaughii.
Small circles, R. longistyla.
4.0-5.0 mm longi, demum 6.0-11.0 mm longi; flores 5-meri hermaphroditi,
cupula floralis 1.5-2.0 mm longa 2.5 mm lata; sepala 1.5-2.0 mm longa, 1.01.25 mm lata, petala ca 1.0 mm longa; fructi 1-3 in quoque axilla, 6-8
diametro, trispermi.
Shrub or tree up to 4.5 m tall. Branchlets with dark gray or dark,
pubescence tawny, tomentulose terminally to glabrate to few cm below leafbearing portion; leaf-scars prominent; lenticels somewhat conspicuous. Budscales absent. Stipules 1.5-2.5 mm long, pubescent, persistent at leaf-bearing
nodes or not; petioles 4.0-20.0 mm long with moderate to moderately heavy
pubescence; leaf-blades (5.8-)8.0-11.6(-12.8) cm long, (2.1-)3.0-4.6 cm wide,
elliptic, less commonly obovate-elliptic or oblong; base cuneate to rounded;
apex acuminate (acumen ca 1.0 cm long) or less commonly acute; margin
plane, conspicuously serrate or dentate with teeth irregular in size and shape,
5-10 per cm, sometimes mucronate; above with very sparse to moderate
amounts of pubescence between veins, somewhat denser on the major veins;
beneath with moderate amounts of pubescence with hairs generally more
numerous, longer, and coarser than above, midrib and secondary veins with
somewhat more hairs than between veins especially on lateral margin,
yellowish and conspicuous; secondary veins 8-11 pairs. Inflorescences sessile
axillary umbels of usually 3 flowers, pedicels 4.0-5.0 mm long, floral cup 1.52.0mm deep, 2.5 mm broad; sepals 5, 1.5-2.0 mm long, 1.0-1.2mm broad; petals
5, ca 1.0 mm long; ovary usually glabrous (pubescent only on King and Soderstrom 5103 and 5041 and Hinton 6552). Fr 1-3 per axil; pedicels 6.0-11.0 mm long
1987]
AYERS: LOBELIA
421
rarely pilose pedicels (1) 3-6 cm long, these produced terminal to axillary branchlets or in the axils o f primary stem leaves; bracteoles absent. Flowers ca 1 cm long
(including hypanthium); h y p a n t h i u m asymmetrical, upper side 3-4.5 m m long,
the lower side extending with corolla tissue into spur; spur conic, 5-7 (8) m m
long (measured from base o f the upper calyx lobes), extending 2-3 (4) m m below
ovary; calyx lobes subulate, 2.5-2.8 m m long, the 2 lower ones slightly shorter,
spreading, positioned 0.2-0.3 m m above base o f spur; corolla pink to pinkishpurple, the tube white, 5-6 m m long, slit dorsally to base, the upper lobes spatulate,
2.5-3.5 m m long, 1-1.5 m m wide, strongly reflexed from tube, the lower lobes
obovate, narrowly divergent, 4.5-6 m m long, 2.8-3.5 m m wide, apiculate, with
2 small circular green spots opposed to sinuses at throat; stamens 6-7 m m long,
the filaments white, connate in the distal half, the anthers ca 1.5 m m long, blue,
pubescent in lines on sutures, the 2 shorter anthers with subulate trichomes at
tip. Fruit 5-6 m m long, 2.5-3 m m wide. Seeds ellipsoid, dark brown, ca 0.5 m m
long, testa sculpturing sulcate, appearing faintly lined to the naked eye.
TYPE: MEXICO. CHIHUAHUA: shaded rocks, Mojarachic, 25 M a y 1938, Knobloch 5097 (HOLOTYPE: F!; ISOTYPE: MSU!).
Additional specimens examined: MEXICO. CHIHUAHUA:1 km S of Basihuare on road from Creel
to Guachochic, 22 May 1985, Ayers 601 (DUKE, MEXU, NY, TEX); Basiboriachic, on Creel to
Carmen highway, 14 Apr 1948, Hewitt 279 (GH); Mojarachic, 24 Jan 1940, Knobloch s.n. (MSU,
TEX); Mojarachic, 12 Aug 1954, Knobloch 1236 (MICH, MSU); 23 road-miles SSE of Creel, 15 Apr
1984, Spellenberg 7723 (NMC, NY, US).
Distribution: This taxon is known from only two localities in the mountainous
regions o f southwestern Chihuahua where it occurs on shady north-facing slopes
or at the base o f large rocks in drainages, in juniper-oak woodland at ca 1800
meters. Flowering: March to May.
Lobelia knoblochii is closely allied to L. mcvaughii but differs in habit, in solitary
flowers either terminal to axillary branchlets or in the axils o f primary stem leaves,
and in size and shape o f the flower and spur. The habitat o f L . knoblochii is much
drier and 600 m lower in elevation than that o f L. mcvaughii.
4. Lobelia mcvaughii Ayers, sp. nov. (Fig. 1G-I)
Caules decumbentes apice adscendentes 3-8 (12) cm alti. Folia inferiora ovata, apicem caulis versus
gradatim decrescentia. Flores axillares, bracteis foliaceis. Hypanthium 3-4 mm longum. Calcar 3-4
mm longum basin ovarii attingens.
Perennial soboliferous herbs 3-8 (12) cm tall. S t e m s decumbent, usually simple
aboveground, pilose below, glabrate above, purple. Leaves cauline; petiole 5-15
m m long, m u c h reduced above, purple, pilose; blade ovate to broadly lanceolate,
15-20 m m long, 10-15 m m wide, truncate to cordate at base, acute or rounded
at tip, the margins appearing entire in lowest leaves, but becoming shallowly to
deeply dentate in the upper ones, often ciliate, pilose on both surfaces, trichomes
white, appressed, mainly associated with veins on abaxial surface, green above,
purple beneath or purple throughout. Inflorescence o f bracteate racemes; bracts
foliaceous, lanceolate, 6-9 (15) m m long, 2-6 m m wide, sharply dentate; pedicels
2-3 (4.5) cm long, the lowest much elongated, elevating their flowers to the level
o f terminal ones, glabrous; bracteoles absent. Flowers 0.7-1 cm long (including
hypanthium); h y p a n t h i u m asymmetrical, upper side 3-4 m m long, lower side
extending with corolla tissue into spur; spur conical-cylindrical, 3-4 m m long
(measured from the base o f the upper calyx lobes); calyx lobes subulate, 3-4 (5)
m m long, green, often purple-tipped the two lower ones slightly shorter, positioned
at base o f spur, which is even with base o f ovary; corolla pink to pinkish-purple,
veins more deeply pigmented, the tube 5-5.5 (6.5) m m long, slit dorsally to base,
422
BRITTONIA
[VOL. 39
the upper lobes spatulate, 5-7 m m long, 0.5-1 m m wide, erect, slightly spreading,
the lower lobes broadly obovate, 5-7 (9) m m long, 3-3.5 (6) m m wide, apiculate
at tip, with 2 broad green triangular patches opposed to sinuses at throat; stamens
6-7 m m long, the filaments pink above, white below, connate in the distal half,
the anthers ca 2 m m long, blue, pubescent in lines on sutures, the 2 shorter anthers
with subulate trichomes at tip. Fruit 4-6 m m long, 3 m m wide. Seeds ellipsoid,
dark brown, ca 0.5 m m long, testa sculpturing sulcate, appearing faintly lined to
the naked eye.
TYPE: MEXICO. DURAN60:34 road-miles W o f E1 Salto, along highway from
Durango to Mazatlan, 24 Mar 1951, M c Vaugh 11528 (IaOLOTYPE:MICH!; ISOTVPES:
MICH!, NY!, TEX!).
Additional specimens examined: MEXICO. DURAr~GO:34.2 mi W of El Salto, 2 mi W of Buenos
Aires at bridge called Puerto Buenos Aires, 14 Mar 1984, Ayers 336 (MEXU, NY, TEX); Puerto
Buenos Aires, 28 Apr 1979, Walker 79H61 (NY).
Distribution: Exposed north-facing precipitous slopes in pine-oak forest, near
the continental divide at 2550 meters. K n o w n only from the type locality along
the D u r a n g o - M a z a t l a n highway in extreme western Durango. Flowering: March
to May.
Lobelia mcvaughii m a y be separated from L. knoblochii by its large colonies o f
simple, decumbent stems which arise from underground rhizomes, by the pseud o c o r y m b o s e racemes o f several flowers, by the short, conic spur which does not
exceed the ovary, by the orientation o f the corolla lobes, and by the two broadly
triangular green patches (not circular spots) opposed to the lobe sinuses. T h e only
known population of L. mcvaughii, near the "Espinosa del Diablo," has been
collected three times. A local inhabitant reported it could be found elsewhere,
high at the tops o f ridges. It is locally abundant, forming dense mats in the loose
volcanic soil along eroded trails.
Acknowledgments
I thank Irving Knobloch and Luz Maria Villarreal de Puga for their assistance
in relocating type localities. Marshall Johnston rewrote the Latin descriptions and
Rupert Barneby and Rogers McVaugh p r o v i d e d useful criticisms o f an earlier
draft. Linda Vorobik p r o v i d e d the illustration. I also thank the curators o f the
following herbaria for loaning specimens a n d / o r allowing me to use their facilities:
BM, F, IBUG, K, MICH, MSU, NY, TEX, and US. Portions o f this study were
completed during an internship supported by National M u s e u m Act G r a n t FC603688 (86/141) to the N e w York Botanical Garden.
Literature Cited
Ayers, T.J. 1986. Systematics ofHeterotoma (Campanulaceae: Lobelioideae). Unpubl. Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. of Texas, Austin.
Bentham, G. 1876. Heterotoma macrocentron. Hooker's Icon. pl. 12: 68.
McVaugh, R. 1943. Campanulaceae (Lobelioideae).N. Amer. F1. 32A, Part 1: 1-134.
1972. Botanical exploration in Nueva Galicia. Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 9: 303.
Wimmer, 17. E. 1953. Campanulaceae--Lobelioideae. 2. In: H. G. A. Engler. Pflanzenr. IV. 276b
(Heft 107): 261-814.
1987]
A YERS: LO BELlA
]
1 cm
Fio. l. Illustration of three new species in the Lobelia macrocentron species group. A-C. L.
villaregalis (Ayers 596. TEX). A. Habit. B. Face view of flower. C. Lateral view of flower. D-F. L.
knoblochii (Ayers 601, TEX). D. Habit. E. Face view of flower. F. Lateral view of flower. G-1. L.
mcvaughii (Ayers 336, TEX). G. Ha bit. H. Face view of flower. I. Lateral view of flower.
2. Lobelia villaregalis Ayers, sp. nov. (Fig. 1A-C)
Caules decumbentes apice adscendentes 15-20 cm alti. Folia inferiora ovata, apicem caulis versus
gradatim decrescentia, margine grosse dentata. Inflorescentia pedunculata, bracteis minutis. Hypanthium (calcari excluso) 2.5-3 mm longum. Calcar 8.5-10 mm longum, 5.5-7 mm infra ovarium
productum.
Perennial soboliferous herbs 15-20 cm tall. Stems decumbent, usually simple,
velutinous. Leaves cauline; petiole 3-8 mm long on lower leaves, much reduced
16 May 1965, G. K. Tucker 2225 (flowers); 26 July 1965, G. E. Tucker
2886 (fruits). Specimens are deposited at SMU and NCU.—G. E. Tucker,
Biology Department, Arkansas Polgtecl.nic College. Pnssellrille, Arkansas 72801.
CALYSTEGIA SEPIUM VAR. FRATERNIFLORA (MACKENZIE &
BUSH) SHINNERS, COMB. NOV. (CONVOLVULACEAE).—Based on
Convolvulus sepaim
var.
fraterni floras
Maeken/ie &
Bush. Man. Fl.
Jackson Co. Missouri p. 153. 1902. C. jrtttcrniflorus Mack. & Bush, Ann.
Rept. Mo. Bot. Garden 16: 164. 1905. Calystegia jraterniflora (Mack. &
Bush) Brummitt, Ann. Mo. Bot. Garden 52: 216. 1965. This new combination is needed for an account of the family being contributed to the
forthcoming manual of the vascular flora of Texas by Donovan S. Correll
and Marshall C. Johnston.—Lloyd H. Shinners.
MACVAUGHIELLA KING & ROBINSON, NOMEN NOVUM FOR
SCHAETZELLIA SCH.-BIP., NOT KLOTZSCH (COMPOSITAE).—
In 1850 Schultz-Biponlmus described :he genus Schaeizellia with the
species S. me.vicana from Veracruz. In his discussion, he indicated that
the name Schaeizellia had been used previously by Klot/.sch for a Colombian species which had proved to belong to the genus Isotypics
H.B.K. (Onosens Willd. emend. DC). Schultz was careful to indicate
that he had the permission of his friend Prof. Dr. Klotzsch to reuse the
with or without permission. The new name is intended to honor Dr.
Rogers McVaugh of the University of Michigan, who has contributed so
greatly to the knowledge of the Mexican flora.
Macvaughiella R. M. King and H. Robinson, noni. now Schaetzellia
Sch.-Bip., Flora 33: 419. 1850. Not Schaetzellia Klotzsch, Allgememe GarTwo species are presently recognized in the genus: MACVAUGHIELLA mexicana (Sch.-Bip.) R. M. King and H. Robinson, comb, now
Schaetzellia me.vicana Sch.-Bip., Flora 33: 419. 1850—MACVAUGHIELLA standleyi (Steyermark) R. M. King and H. Robinson, comb, now
Schaetzellia standleyi Steyermark. Publ. Field Mils. Nat. Hist., Bot. 23:
107. 1944.
Steyermark distinguished his species primarily by the more truncate
bases of the leaf blades and the pubescent rather than glabrous involucral bracts. Material seen from Guatemala. Honduras, and El Salvador
in the II. S. National Herbarium shows mostly cuneate bases of the
leaves and other characters as in M. mexicana. The pubescence of the
H. Robinson, Department of Bulanu. Smithsonian Institution. Washington, D.C. 20560.
ECHINACEA SIMULATA R. L. McGREGOR, NOM. NOV. (COM-
398
PHYTOLOGIA
volume 74(5):385-413
May 1993
Acourtia macvaughii B.L. Turner, sp. nov. TYPE: MEXICO. Michoacán:
steep limestone slopes near summits, 8-12 km SW of Aserradero Dos
Aguas ~d
nearly W of Aguililla, fir-forest zone, 2250-2400 m, 5-6 Mar
1965, Rogers Me Vaugh 22789 (HOLOTYPE: LL!; Isotypes: MICH!,NY!) .
Acourtiae dugesii (A. Gray) Reveal & King si milis sed habitu
erecto 1.0-1.5 m elato, capitulis majoribus plus laxe fasciculatis in
pedunculis ultimis 1-5 mm long (vs. sessilibus), et capitulis fiosculis
plerumque 8-10 ( vs. 5-6) differt .
Erect suffruticose herbs 1.0-1.5 m high. Stems sparsely puberulent, green
at first but purple and glabrescént with age. Midstem leaves mostly 10-18
cm long, 4-9 cm wide, sessile, clasping, gradually reduced upwards, elliptic to
ovate-elliptic, sparsely pubescent beneath, especially along the major veins,
the margins finely and rather evenly spinulose-dentate. Heads arranged 515 in both terminal and axillary cymules, the ultimate peduncles mostly 1-5
mm long. Involucres subcylindric, mostly 9-11 mm high, the bracts 4-5 seriate, glabrous dorsally, the margins sparsely pubescent, the midbracts mostly
abruptly obtuse or broadly acute at 1.heir apices. Florets (7-)8-9{-10) per
head. Achenes (immature) 3-4 mm long, densely short-glandular throughout,
the pappus of ca. 40 slender white bristles ca. 10 mm long in a single series.
ADDITIONAL SPECIMENS EXAMINED: MEXICO. Michoacán: steep
mountain-sides NW of Aguililla, ca. 6-7 km S of Aserradero Dos Aguas, cutover slopes in pine-forest zone, on sharply eroded and tumbled limestone rocks,
2000 m, 3 Mar 1965, McVaugh 22711 (ENCB,MICH).
This species is clearly closely related to Acourtia dugesii and both of the
above cited collections were included by McVaugh (1984) in bis concept of that
taxon. In label data of type material he notes the plant to be a "Harsh herb
1.5 m high; fiowers purple, spicily fragrant." Acourtia dugesii, as I understand
the species, is a sprawling shrub or shrublet 2-5 m high having sessile heads,
each with only 5 or 6 fiorets. Acourtia macvaughii is apparently confined to
the area cited and does not appear to intergrade with A. dugesii from closely
adjacent Coalcoman, Michoacán, plants of the latter having sessile smaller
heads with only 5-6 fiorets. The geographical distribution of A. dugesii and
closely related taxa are shown in Fig. l.
Acourtia moschata (La Llave & Lex.) DC., Prodr. 7:66. 1838. BASIONYM:
Perezia moschata La Llave & Lex., Nov. Veg. Descr. 1:26. 1824. TYPE:
MEXICO . Michoacán: "montibus Vallisoletanis" [near the present city
of Morelia), w/o date, La Llave s.n. (not located). (NEOTYPE [selected
here): MEXICO. Michoacán: 24 mi W of Morelia, 29 Nov 1907, H.D.
Ripley 8 R .C. Barneby 14849, NY!).
. nornenclature
Acourt Ja
Turner:
399
Acounia
0 carpholcpis
o dugesu
• macvaughii
~
que retarana
• veracruzana
j_
'
/\count ;t
A qucratarana
rc ticul ata
o var. ma<.:ulata
• va r rctlc ul au
A runcmata ..
O
ucdow
~ ku
1
Ü IStributi o n o ( sc lcClC d Acollrtia spccics
1978
King & Robinson, Addi t ions to Ageratina
335
Ageratina (Neogreenella) ~cvaughi
R. M. King & H. Rob1nson, sp. nov.
Plantae herbaceae usque ad 1.5 m
altae e basi prolificae superne non ramosae. Caules
plerumque rubrescentes teretes dense minute stipitatoglanduliferi. Folia opposita, petiolis 2-6 cm longis;
laminae late ovatae vel ovatae vel suborbiculares 5-14
cm longae et 3.5-11.5 cm latae base leniter cordatae
margine serrulatae vel duplo-serrulatae apice breviter
acuminatae supra et subtus in nervis et ner vulis minute breviter stipitato- gla nduliferae supra basem congestinervatae l-2 cm supra basem distincte trinervatae ,
nervulis ultimis in retícu lo minuto supra et subtus
distincte prominulis.
Inflorescentiae late thysoideopaniculatae, ramis corymbosis, ramis ultimis 2 -7 mm
longis dense minute stipitato-glanduliferis. Capitula
7-9 mm alta ca. 3-4 mm lata; squamae invo lucri eximbricatae, ca. 22 ca. 2-seriatae plerumque 4-5 mm longae et
O. 5-0.7 mm latae apice anguste acutae extus distincte
bicostatae plerumque stipitato-glanduliferae. Flores
ca. 30-35 in capitulo; corollae albae 4.5-5.0 mm longae,
tubis ca. 2.0-2.5 mm longis inferne perangustis superne
distincte latioribus glabris vel superne stipitatoglanduliferis, limbis infundibularibus ca. 3 mm longis,
lobis triang ularibus ca. 0. 7 mm longis et 0.5 mm latís
extus sparse glanduliferis raro minute spiculiferis ;
filamenta in parte superiore plerumque 0.3-0.4 mm langa;
thecae ca. l mm longae; appendices antherarum oblongoovatae ca. 0.35 mm longae et 0.17 mm l atae; basi stylorum distincte nodulosi ; rami stylorum intus in parte
interstigmatice et interdum super ne gla n duliferi ;
achaenia ca. 1.5-1. 8 mm langa base breviter constricta
supra carpopodium in costis distincte setifera ; setae
pappi ca. 15 plerumque ca. 4 mm longae superne leniter
latieres, seriebus exterioribus subnullis. Gr a na
pollinís ca 23 ~L
in diametro.
TYPE: MEXICO: MICHOACAN: 3-6 km SW of Aserradero
Dos Aguas and nearly W of Aguililla. Elevation 2,0002, 100 m. 2 5 November 1970, McVaugh, Graham & Stevens
24669 (Holotype US).
Pa ratypes: MEXICO: Mexico: D1str1ct of Temascaltepec: Nanchititla, G.B.Hinton 3079
US, Ganada de Nanchititla, 1,800 m, Matuda 3196,-us,
En barranca, cerca de Amatepec, 1,500 m. Mat~03l
us.
McVaugh identified his specimen no. 24669 as
Eupatorium cardíophyllum B. L.Robinson wh1ch 1s similar
1n appearance and obv1ously closely related. The
latter species occurs in Jalisco to the west of A.
macvaughií and differs notably by the leaves which are
PHYTOLOGIA
Vol. 38, no. 4
more de ep ly cordate and trinerved at the base, by the
non-prominulous finer nervation, and by coarser glands,
l arger heads and less hairy achenes. The new species
resembles Ageratina eetiolaris(DC) K & R but that has
glands mixed w1th ha1rs on most parts, veins of leaves
not prominulous above, blades trinervate from the base,
more densely corymbose inflorescences, and more densely
setiferous achenes. The reduced number of pappus setae
in A. mac v aughii would seem rather distinctive but the
ea sTly dec1duous setae of Ageratina must be counted with
caution.
Ageratina (Neogreenella) ernstii R. M. King & H. Robínson, sp. nov.
Plantae frutescentes 3 m altae
mediocriter ramosae. Caules pallide fuscescentes tere tes superficialiter subcarnosi sparse minute pilosi.
Folia opposita, petiolis 2-6 cm longis; laminae late
ovatae 5.5-10.5 cm longae et 3-8 cm latae base subtruncatae margine grosse serratae vel interdum duploserratae apice breviter acuminatae anguste argu~
supra
sparse minute pilosae subtus in nervis et nervulis
minute pilosae vel puberulae in axillis nervorum validius pilosae, nervis secundariis utrinque ca. 4, binis
secundariis 5-13 mm supra basem ascendentioribus, nervul is ultimis non prominulis.
Inflorescentiae late
thyrsoideo-paniculatae, ramis corymbosis, ramis ultimis
7-17 mm longis puberulis et distaliter densius stipitate
glanduliferis. Capitula ca. 9-10 mm alta et 5-6 mm
lata; squamae eximbricatae ca. 25 ca. 2-seriatae plerumque 8-9 mm longae et 0.5 mm latae apice longe attenuatae extus bicostatae dense stipitate glanduliferae.
F lores ca. 30-50 in capitulo; corollae albae 5.0-5.5 mm
longae glabrae, tubis 2.0-2.5 mm longis plerumque anguste cylindriccis superne breviter leniter infundibularis, limbis anguste campanulatis ca. 3 mm longis, lobis
triangularibus ca. 0.8 mm longis et ca. 0.4 mm latís;
filame nta in parte superiore ca. 0.3 mm longa; thecae
ca. 1.2 mm longae; appendices antherarum oblongae vel
oblongo-ov a tae ca. 0.25 mm longae et ca. 0.19 mm latae;
basi sty lorum leniter nodulosi; appendices stylorum
non gla nduli fer ae; achaenia ca. 3.5 mm longa base subelongata plerumque in costis scabrida superne distincte
glandulifer a; setae pappi ca. 25 plerumque 4.5 mm longae
superne leniter latieres, seriebus exterioribus distinctis brevibus pler umque 0.2-0.3 mm longis. Grana
pollinis ca. 23~
in diametro.
TYPE: MEXICO: OAXACA: La Soledad, shrub 3 m, fls
white, 9 Fe b. 1966, W. R. Ernst 2569 (Holotype US).
1964]
S H E R F F : I~'IEXICAN COREOPSIDINAE
63
Bidens ostruthioides var. costaricensis (Bcnth.) Sherff, Bot. Gaz. 88: 298. 1929.
This rare variety has been treated by me previously (N. Am. F1. II. 2: 127.
1955). The type was collected years ago at an altitude of 605-1515 m, at Mt.
Aguacate, Costa Rica. Subsequently collected specimens fixed the distributional
range as "Oaxaca, southeastward into Costa Riea." Among the plants collected
in 1952 by Dr. McVaugh were two specimens, now before me, that extended the
known distribution far to the northwest, well into southern Jalisco: McVaugh
13840, abundant, shrubby at base, the tips ascending; flowers yellow; steep
slopes near summits, in pine-oak-fir forests, alt. 2500 m, Sierra de Manantl&n
(15-20 mi s e of Autl~n), near Aserradero E1 Cuart6n, Jalisco, 2 Nov 1952 (MICH,
2 sheets; F, photograph no. 51408).
Bidens mollifolia Sherff, Bot. Gaz. 64: 21. 1917; cf. N. Am. F1. II. 2: 104. 1955.
Hitherto, B. mollifolia has been known only from the State of 0axaca, Mexico. An excellent specimen referable to this species before me now extends the
distributional range far to the northwest into Jalisco : McVaugh 21238, abundant,
plants 1-1.5 m tall, disk yellow, rays purplish pink; in red clay soil, oak forest
on ridges, alt. 950-1100 m, steep mountainsides 3-5 road mi above (n) La Cuesta,
road to Talpa de Allende, Jalisco ( M I C H ; F, photograph no. 51407).
An additional specimen on loan from the same herbarium is before me, and
is found to belong specifically to M. mollifolia, but to differ varietally in representing a definitely glabrescent, white-ligulate kind of plant. It may be set
forth here as:
Bidens mollifolia var. glabresceim Sherff, var. nov.
Bidenti mollifoliae ipsi caulibus ramisque etiam foliis basim versus inferne
glabrescente et ligulis albis dissimilis.
Dissimilar to B. mollifolia itself (i.e., to var. moUifolia) in its subglabrous
stems and branches, also under surface of lower leaves, and in its white ligules.
McVaugh ~ Koelz 854, very a b u n d a n t on all open slopes, 2 m tall, r a y s white, disk yellow,
in oak zone, alt. ca 1000 m, s- a n d w - f a c i n g slopes, p r e c i p i t o u s rocky m o u n t a i n s i d e s , 11-12 m i
s w of A u t l S n (ca 2 mi below the p a s s ) , Jalisco, 21 Nov 1959 (type, M I C t t ; F, p h o t o g r a p h no.
51406).
Bidens m c v a u g h i i Sherff, sp. nov.
Herba lignescens ca 1 m a l t a , videtur perennis (radice ignota). Caules glabri,
erecti, tetragoni, sulculati, infra ca 3 mm crassi, simplices vel subsimplices. Fotia
opposita, pinnatim tripartita, petiolata petiolo tenui, suleulato glabroque usque
ad 4 cm longo; foliolis lanceolatis, membranaceis supra viridibus, glabris vel
ad venulas et rarius alibi minutissime adpresso-setulosis vel arcuato-setulosis,
apice acriter acuminata, marginibus acriter serrulatis, lateralibus 5-7.5 cm longis
et ca 3 cm latis, terminali vix majore, omnibus tenuiter vel subtenuiter petiolulatis
petiolulo interdum ca 1.5 cm longo. Capitula corymbose disposita pedunculos
paucos (ca 10) erectos simplices vel ramulosos terminantia, discoidea, ad anthesin ca 1.3 cm lata et 1.4 cm alta. Involucri basi hispiduli bracteae exteriores
circ. 9-12 tenuiter lineares, 6-9 mm longae, setulosae, apice acres, arcuatorecurvatae, quam interiores oblongo-lanceolatae paulo longiores. Flores ligulati absentes. Paleae aaguste lanceolatae glabrae quam flores tubulosi breviores. Flores
tubulosi flavi. Aehaenia linearia, tetragona, glaberrima, sulcata, supra arcuata et
patentia, apice biaristata aristis tenuibus flavidis retrorsum hamosis arcuatis
ca 5 mm longis, corpore submaturo atro-brunneo ca 8 mm longo et 1 mm crasso.
Lignescent herb about I m tall, seemingly perennial (root unknown). Stems
64
EI~I~o_: :A
[VOL. 16
glabrous, erect, tetragonal, finely grooved, ca 3 mm thick below, simple or nearly
so. Leaves opposite, pinnately tripartite, petiolate; petiole slender, sulculate and
glabrous, up to 4 em long; leaflets lanceolate, membranaceous, on upper surface
green, glabrous or at the veinlets and more rarely elsewhere very minutely
appressed-setulose or arcuate-setulose, at tip sharply acuminate, at margins sharply serrulate, lateral ones 5-7.5 em long and 3 em wide, terminal one scarcely
larger, all delicately or subdelicately petiolulate with a petiolule at times ca 1.5
cm long. Heads corymbosely disposed on the few (ca 10) erect simple or branched
peduncles, diskoid, at flowerino'-time ca 1.3 cm wide and 1.4 cm tall. Involucre
basally hispidulous; outer phyllaries ca 9-12, slenderly linear, 6-9 mm long,
setulose, apieally acute, arcuate-reeurved, slio'htly longer than the inner, oblonglaneeolate ones. Ligulate florets missing. Chaff-scales narrowly laneeolate, glabrous, shorter than the disk-florets. Tubular florets yellow. Aehenes linear, tetragonal, v e r y glabrous, suleate, curved and spreading above, apically biaristate
with slender, yellowish, retrorsely barbed curved aristae ca 5 mm long, a submature body dark-brown and ca 8 mm loag by 1 mm thick.
MeVaugh 12970, "not much seen, tough, wo:~d7 herb 1 m tall, flowers yellow," in heavy
red clay loam, steep hillsides in pine forest areas, alt. 2100-2200 m, Sierra del Tigre, 3 mi s
of Mazamitla, Jalisco, 16 Sep 1952 (type, MICH; 1', photograph no. 51409).
In m y above-cited key to Bidens no provision was made for diskoid species
such as this. As a perennial (which it seems unquestionably to be), however, it
may be referred to the perennial group beginnin~ at the bottom of the first
page. It differs of course from all those by its total lack of ligulate florets.
Bidens minensis Sherff, sp. nov.
Herba annua, $'racillima, ereeta, vix ramosa, ca 4-6 dm alta; eaule tetragono,
subglabro, tantum 1-1.5 nnn erasso, internodiis elongatis 5-10 em longis. Fo]ia
opposita, minima et graciliter bipinnata, petiolata petiolo filiformi et usque ad
1.5 cm longo, lamina saepius 1-2.5 cm longa et paulo angustiore, segmentis membranaceis linearibusque ca 1.5-2 mm latis, aegre setuloso-ciliatis et duabus faciebus plus minusve hispidulis, apiee mucronulatis. Capitula corymboso-disposita,
pauca (2-10), pedunculos eapilliformes sub 5 em longos terminantia, erecta,
radiata, pansa ad anthesin t a n t u m ca 4-5 mm lata et alta. Involucri eampanulati
basi hispiduli bracteae exteriores ca 8, adpressae anguste lineares apice acres
extus nune glabratae nunc conspieue hispido-eiliatae sub 2 mm longae, quam
interiores ovato-oblongae marginaliter diaphanae breviores. Flores lig~tati ca
4 vel 5, patentes, albi (desieeati forsitan subrosei), ligula obovata sub 2 mm
longa ca 4-6-atro-striata, apice aegre dentieulata. Flores tubulosi pauci (sub
15), flavi. Paleae lineari-oblongae, apice abrupte angustatae et terminaliter
pubescentes. Achaenia pauea (tantum 5-8) linearia, obeompressa, superne attenuata et patentia, faeiebus glabra et nigra summam versus flavo-brunnea et
sursumsetulosa, marginibus involutis papillata et sursum setosa, apiee exaristara sed ereete setosa, denture 10-12 mm longa et ca 1 mm erassa.
Annual herb, very delicate, erect, scarcely branched, about 4-6 dm tall; stem
tetragonal, subglabrous, only 1-1.5 mm thick, the internodes elongate and 5-10
cm long. Leaves opposite, very small and delicately bipinnate, petiolate with a
filiform petiole, this up to 1.5 cm long; blade more often 1-2.5 em long and
slightly narrower, the segments membranaceous and linear, ca 1.5-2 mm wide,
weakly setulose-ciliate and on both faces more or less hispidulous, at apex
mucronulate. Heads corymbosely disposed, few (2-10), at ends of capilliform
peduncles under 5 em louo', erect, radiate, expanded at flowering time only ca
A NEW SPECIES OF COREOPSIS (COMPOSITAE)
FROM MEXICO 1
DANIEL J. CRAWFORD
Crawford, D. J. (Dept. of Botany, Univ. of Wyoming, Laramie). A new species
of Coreopsis (Compositae) from Mexico. Brittonia 21: 353, 354. 1969.-Coreopsis mcvaughii, a small fruticose species known only from the State of
Aguascalientes, Mexico, is described as new. It is assigned to sect. Pseudo-Agarista.
During a study of Mexican Coreopsis, I encountered several unidentified collections
made by Dr. Rogers McVaugh in Aguascalientes, Mexico. These specimens appear
to belong to a heretofore undescribed species. I t is a pleasure to name this new taxon
for its collector.
C o r e o p s i s m c v a u g h i i Crawford, sp. nov.
Plantae fruticosae, 10-50 cm altae; folia ovata, 5-7-pinnatifida, in superficiebus
ambabus dense hispida, punctata, 1.5-9.0 cm longa, 1.0-4.5 cm lata; petioli 0.5-2.5
cm longi; capitula 3-7 nunc cymose aggregata nunc solitaria, per anthesin 2.0-3.5 cm
lata; bracteae externae involucrales 5, late spathulatae, dense hispidae, 4-7 mm
longae, internae involucrales 8, obovatae, hispidae, 5-7 mm longae; palea linearis, ad
apicem triloba, in dorsali pagina villosa, per anthesin 5-7 mm longa; flores radii 8,
ligula oblonga, 8-15 mm longa, 3-6 mm lata, disci 40-65; achaenia oblonga usque
anguste obovata vel oblanceolata, nigra, valde obcompressa, costa in ventrali pagina
prominente, in marginibus dense villosa, 3-6 mm longa, 1.5-2.0 mm lata, aristis 2,
antrorse hispidis, 1-3 mm longis; chromosomatum numerus, n = 13.
TYeE: M E X I C O : AGVASCALIENTES: Sierra del Laurel, ca. 10 mi SE of Calvillo,
moist north-facing slopes near summit, ca. 2500 m, 4 Nov 1959, McVaugh & Koelz
225 (HOLOTYPE: M I C H ; ISOTYPE: M I C H ) .
Additional specimens examined:
MEXICO: AGUASCALIENa'ES:Shrub-covered, nearly treeless mountainside ca. 20 km E of Rindon
de Romos, road to Asientos, between Cerro Altamira and Cerro San Juan, 2200-2450 m, 4-8
Sep 1967, McVaugh 23759 (IA, MICH); same locality as type, 26-28 Aug 1960, McVaugh 18443
(MICH).
Coreopsis rncvaughii (sect. Pseudo-Agarista) most closely resembles C. rudis
(Benth.) Hemsl., a species known only from the type locality in northern Jalisco
(in pine forests, Bolafios, Cant6n of ColotlAn, 1836-1838, Hartweg 116, HOLOTYPE:
K; ISO~YPES: B, G H ! ) . These are the only two species of Mexican Coreopsis that
are densely hispid throughout. Furthermore, both species have leaves of somewhat
similar shape and dissection. Although superficially similar, the two may be distinguished by the number of heads per shoot, the number of disk-florets per head,
the number, shape, and relative length of the outer involucral bracts, and the degree
of dissection and segment characteristics of the leaves. The shoots of C. mcvaughii
bear 3-7 (rarely solitary) heads, each of which contains 40-65 disk-florets. The
five outer involucral bracts are broadly spatulate, distally reflexed, and are never
less than 0.7 times (often equalling or exceeding) the length of the inner involucral
bracts (Fig. 1). The primary leaf segments of C. mcvaughii are invariably forward
pointing, and the lobes are always rounded (Fig. 2).
1 Research done at University of Iowa, Iowa City.
BR~TTO~IA21: 353--354. October-December, 1969.
353
354
BgITTONIA
[VOL. 21
FIts. 1 and 2, Coreop~is mcvaughii. FIGS. 3 and 4, C. rudis. Figs. 1 and 4, pairs of outer and
inner involucral bracts, X9 (the outer bract in front). Figs 2 and 3, leaf silhouettes, XI~. Figs.
1 and 2 are from greenhouse plants grown from seed of McVaugh 23759. Figs. 3 and 4 are from
an isotype (at GH).
C. rudis, on the other hand, has 15-30 heads per shoot, and each head contains
approximately 35 disk-florets. The eight linear lanceolate outer involucral bracts
are not distally reflexed and are only 0.5-0.7 times the length of the inner bracts
(Fig. 4). The primary leaf segments of C. rudis are nearly perpendicular to the
midrib, and the lobes are sharply pointed (Fig. 3). A comparison of Figs. 2 and 3
also shows that the leaves of C. rubis are more highly dissected than those of C.
mcvaugkii.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The illustrations were prepared by Toni Sias, Iowa City. I wish to thank Dr. R. W.
Cruden, University of Iowa, for reading the manuscript, and Dr. G. W. Martin, also
University of Iowa, for aid with the Latin.
68
BRITTOIqIA
[VOL. 16
having a dozen or so heads on peduncles up to ca 1.1 dm long, not a solitary
head on a v e r y elongate peduncle u p to 3.5 dm long.
Cosmos m c v a u g h i i Sherff, sp. nov.
H e r b a perennis, subglabra, 0.6-1 m m alta, caulibus 1 vel 2 ereetis a radice subhorizontali, glabris, sieeis brunneis, tetragonis, sulculatis, ca 3 mm crassis. Folia
opposita, tenuiter petiolata petiolo subglabrato 1-3.5 cm longo, petiolo adjeeto
6-13 em longa et ca 7 cm lata, pulchriter p i n n a t a vel interdum irregulariter subbipinnatisecta, circumambitu deltoideo-ovata pinnis lateralibus ca 3-6 jugis ant r o r s u m spectantibus, valde membranaeeis linearibus integris, utrinque attenuatis
apice aeribus margine minutissime ciliolatis alibi vix hispidulis longitndinaliter
1-nervatis (nerviis lateralibus obsoletis) jugo basali tenuiter petiolulato, segmentis ultimis 3-6 mm latis; rhaehi petiolum versus n u d a sed apicem versus minute
marginata. Capitu]a non numerosa, peduneu]os tenues glabros 4-14 cm longos,
solitarios vel corymbose 2-3-adgre,gatos terminantia, radiata, p a n s a ad anthesin
5-6 cm lata et -1.4 em alta. Involucri bracteae exteriores ca 6-12, oblongo-obovatae, apice obtusae, extus glabratae et conspieue plurinervtae ; interiores paulo
longiores, s u p e r n e a n ~ s t a t a e , apice setulis cristatae. Flores ligulati ca 8, pulcherrime a]bi, ligulis subanguste obovatis 2.3-2.7 cm longis et ca 1 cm latis, apice
rotundato-obtusis et obscure denticulatis. Paleae oblongae, glabrae, s u p r a attenuatae, nitidae, multilineatae. Flores tubulosi flavi. Achaenia nigra, lineariter
clavato-fusiformia, obtuse tetragona, utraque faeie 1-sulcata, glabrata, ca 6-9 ram
longa et 1 m m lata, apice brunnescenti exaristata.
Perennial herb, subglabrous, 0.6-1 m tall; stems 1 or 2, erect f r o m a subhorizontal root, glabrous, brown when dried, tetragonal, minutely grooved, ca 3
m m thick. Leaves opposite, slenderly petiolate (with a petiole subglabrous and
1-3.5 cm long), 6-13 cm long including the petiole and ca 7 cm wide, b e a u t i f u l l y
pinnate or at times i r r e g u l a r l y subbipinnatiseet, in outline deltoid-ovate; lateral
pinnae about 3-6 pairs pointing forward or distally, strongly membranaeeous,
linear, entire, attenuate at both ends, sharp at the tip, at edges very m i n u t e l y
ciliolate elsewhere barely hispidulous, lengthwise 1-nerved (with lateral nerves
obsolete), basal p a i r slenderly petiolulate, ultimate segments 3-6 m m wide;
rhaehis naked toward petiole but minutely m a r g i n e d toward tip. H e a d s not
numerous, terminating slender peduncles (these glabrous, 4-14 cm long, solitary
or eorymbosely 2-3-aggTegated), radiate, 5-6 em wide when expanded at flowering and ca 1.4 em tall. Outer phyllaries about 6-12, oblong-obovate, obtuse at
apex, externally glabrate and conspicuously several-nerved; inner ones slightly
longer, narrowed above and at tip crested wth minute bristles. Ligulate florets
about 8, v e r y beautifully white; ligules somewhat n a r r o w l y obovate, 2.3-2.7 cm
long and ca 1 cm wide, at apex rounded-obtuse and obscurely dentieulate. Chaffscales oblong, glabrous, attenuate above, glistening, many-lined. Tubular florets
yellow. Aehenes black, slenderly elavate-fusiform, obtusely quadrangulate, 1grooved on each face, glabrate, about 6-9 m m long and 1 m m wide, exaristate at
the browning apex.
Cronquist 9806, disk yellow, rays white, mostly 8, alt. ca 6300 ft, in wet soil along the
edge of a creek in the mountains ca 32 road miles of Ayutla, and ca 70 miles northwest of
Autl~n, Jalisco, Mexico, 4 Nov 1962 (F, etc.); McVaugh 13752, abundant on stream banks,
rays white, disk yellow; pine-oak forests west of summits, Sierra de la Campana, along road
to Mascota, 7-8 mi n w of Los u
Jalisco, 23-25 Oct ]952 (type, MICH; F, photograph
no. 51423); McVaatgh 20013, abundant in moist sand along a small watercourse, rays white;
disk yellow, alt. ca 1800 m, steep mountainsides and nearby valley, in oak-pine zone, western
slopes of Sierra de la Campana, 7-8 mi w of Los Volcanes, Jalisco, 10 Oct 1960 (Mich; F,
1964]
SHERFF" ]~EXICAN" COREOPSIDINAE
69
photograph no. 51422); McVaugh 21556, herb to 1 m tall, branched above, rays white, disk
yellow, abundant on rocky banks of a small stream, in pastures, alt. ca 2100 m, in the region
of pine forest, ca 1 mi s of E1 Carmen (about 40-50 km west of Ayutla), Jalisco, 29 Nov
1960 (MICH; F, photograph no. 51421).
This species is of singular beauty because of its handsome white-rayed
flowering-heads and also of its mostly parallel, forwardly pointing foliar divisions. In the genus Cosmos, the foliage-habit and the fusiform, awnless achenes
would seem to indicate an affinity with members of sect. Cosmos, but in that
section all of the seven heretofore known species are annuals.
Cosmos langlassei Sherff, Publ. Field Mus. Bot. 8: 425. 1932.
This exceptionally rare species was founded upon Langlassd 332, in clay soil,
at altitude of 1200 m, "Le Faixin," southern Mexico (perhaps Farascon, Michoac/~n), 8 Sep 1898 (type, GH). The Editorial Office of the New York Botanical
Garden in 1955, in editing my text of Cosmos for publication, rendered the locality "Le F a i x i n [Guerrero or Michoac~n] (Vide N. Am. F1. II. 2: 138. 1955."
Definite information as to which state of Mexico this species was actually collected in, however, has been lacking heretofore. A specimen before me now on
loan from the University of Michigan Herbarium is definitely C. lan,glassei and
is seen to establish a nativity in the State of Guerrero: Hinton et al 9388, oak
woods, alt. 1240 m, Guayamco-Filo, Distr. Mina, Guerrero, 12 Sep 1936.
Cosmos p u r p u r e u s var. flavidiscus Sherff, Brittonia 14: 173. 1962.
This variety was founded upon Hinton 1700, alt. ]750 m, Temascaltepec,
Distr. Temasealtepec, State of M~xico, 18 Sep 1932 (type, US; F, photograph
no. 50925). A second specimen now at hand closely matches the type. It is:
Hinton et al. 8287, in oak woods, 1 m tall, SocabSn, Distr. Temascaltepec, State of
MSxico, Sep-Dcc ]935 ( M I C H ; F, photograph no. 5]424).
Cosmos intercedens Sherff, sp. nov.
Herba perennis ca 1 m a l t a , inferne lignea ct fruticosa, glabrata, caulibus
simplieibus angulatis valde sulculatis purpurascentibus, ca 3 4 mm crassis minutissime obscurissimeque setulosis sctulis adpressis vel patentibus, supra corymbose graciliterque ramosis ca 16 capitula subtendentibus. Folia rigida, viridia,
petiolata petiolo anguste marginato (in rhachin conspicuc planum alatumque
1-3 mm latum decurrente), ca 1 cm longo et minutissimc pulverulento, eleganter
pinnata vcl bipinnatisecta pinnis primariis ca 2 vel 3 jugis ca 1.5-3.5 mm latis,
minutissime hispidulis ciliatisque mediane 1- costatis plus minusve retrorsum arcuatis, segmentis ultimis apice accrrimis. Capitula radiata, pansa ad anthesin
3.5-4.5 cm lata et ca 1 cm alta, elongate peduneulata pedunculis gracillimis
viridibusque, supernc sub 0.3 mm crassis. Involucri braeteae exteriores ca 8,
lineari-lanceolatae, subglabrae, primum adpressae demum reflexae, ca 5-striatae,
4-7 mm longae; interiores late lanceolato-oblongae, duplo longiores. Flores ligulati ca 5, purpureo-rubri (sieci purpurascentcs), ligula 1.7-2 cm longa et 1-1.8
cm lata, obovata, supra medium rotundata et apiee sacpe truncato acriter 2- vel
3-dentata. Paleac lanceolato-oblongae, flosculos tubulosos interdum aequantes.
Flosculi tubulosi flavi, basim versus albidi, corollae dcntibus dense eiliolatis.
Aehaenia atra vel brunneo-atra, linearia, aegre arcuata, obcompresso-tetragona,
sulcata, basim versus glabrata, superne antrorso-setulosa, apice suberecte tri- vel
raro imperfecte quadriaristata aristis substramineis retrorsum hamosis ca 2 mm
longis.
Perennial herb ca 1 m tall, woody and shrubby below, subglabrous; stems
simple, angulate, strongly sulculate, purplish, about 3 4 mm thick, very minutely
1969]
K I N G & ROBINSON:
DECACHAETA
283
taken precedence in combinations with E u p a t o r i u m since the name E . o v a t i / o l i u m
is preoccupied.
Specimens with relatively broad rounded phyllaries have been placed in a separate
species, E u p a t o r i u m p e t r a e u m , b y B. L. Robinson. The character is quite unreliable
and is primarily interesting because it is reminiscent of the phyllaries found in D.
haenkeana.
5. D e e a e h a e t a s e a b r e l l a (B. L. Robinson) R. M. King & H. Robinson, comb. nov.
Eupatorium scabreUum B. L. Robinson, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci. 35: 339. 1900. TYPE:
MEXICO, CgI~I~Ja~tTA: near Batopilas, 1700-2000 m, E. A. Goldman 197. (tlOLOTYPE:
US l ISOTYPE : GH !).
Ophryosporus scabrellus (B. L. Robinson) B. L. Robinson, Contr. Gray Herb. n.s. 75: 4. 1925.
We recognize two varieties which may be distinguished as follows:
Leaf margin minutely crenulate or serrulate ; upper leaves narrowly ovate D. scabrella vat. scabrella
Leaf margin with sharp teeth; upper leaves mostly broadly ovate
D. scabrella vat. macvaughii
5a. DECACItAETA SCABRELLA (B. L. Robinson) R. M. King & H. Robinson var.
SCABRELLA
Eupatorium microcephalum A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci. 21: 384. 1886. TYPE:
MEXICO, N.W. Mexico, Seemann s . n . (IIOLOTYPE: GH!). Non Eupatorium microcephalum
Regel, Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. 35. 1860.
Erect herb or shrub to 2 m tall, sparingly branched; leaves, phyllaries, corollas, and
styles bearing glandular hairs. Stems striate, often deeply grooved, light brown. Leaves
alternate or subopposite; petioles up to 5 cm long, not winged; blades ovate, cuneate
to rounded at base, blades of basal leaves broadly ovate, rounded to subcordate at
base, blades 5-16 cm long, 3-12 cm wide, rather palmately veined; margin crenulateserrulate; apex acuminate. Inflorescence a thyrsoid panicle, up to 30 cm long, and
to 15 cm wide. Heads numerous, ca. 5-6 m m high, ca. 7-12(10)-flowered. Phyllaries
ca. 10, narrowly oblong, apex rather acute, with few or no striae, green, pubescent
with densely fringed margin. Receptacle slightly to strongly convex, chaffy. Corollas
white, funnelform, ca. 2.5 m m long. Pappus of 22-30 white setae ca. 2.5 mm long,
not dilated at tips. Achenes dark brown or black, ca. 1.5 mm long, 4 5-ribbed; ribs
setose; carpopodium well developed. Pollen tricolpate, spherical, minutely papillose,
ca. 20 ~ in diameter.
Additional specimens examined:
MEXICO: CIIIHUAHVA: Guicorichi, Rio Mayo, Gentry 1984 (F, GH, MO, UC, US). DURANGO:
Montafias arriba de Tayoltita, Paray 3290 (ENCB) ; 3293 (ENCB) ; Tamazula, J. G. Ortega 4436
(GH, US). JALISCO: 15 km al s de Talpa, sobre el camino a La Cuesta, Rzedowski 15232 (ENCB,
MICH). STATEOF MEXICO: cerca de Santiago, municipio de Tlatlaya, Rzedowski 25200 (ENCB) ;
2 km al s de Ocotepec, municipio de Tejupilco, Rzedowski 25277 (ENCB); entre Sultepec y
Tepechuca, San Hip61ito, Paray 3357 (MEXU). SI~ALOA: vicinity of Culiac~n, Cerro Colorado,
T. S. Brandegee s.n. Nov 5, 1904 (GH, UC).
5b. D e e a e h a e t a s e a b r e l l a vat. m a e v a u g h i i R. M. King & H. Robinson, vat. n o v J
A D . scabrella differt foliis argute serratis, foliis superioribus latius ovatis.
TYPe: MEXICO, NAYARIT: Mountains 10 mi SE of Ahuacatl~m, on the road to Barranca del
Oro and Amatlfin; precipitous rocky south-facing slopes, elevation 1100 1300 m, 17-18 Nov
1959, McVaugh & Koelz 763. (ItOLOTYPE: MICH! ISOTYPE: US!)
1 The rules of Botanical Nomenclature do not actually require complete latinization of specific
epithets, but those more versed in latin have shown preference for this form, e.g. Rubus macvaughii
L. H. Bailey. (Gentes Herb. 7: 254. 1947.)
284
BRITTONIA
[VOL. 2 1
Additional specimens examined:
MEXICO: JALISCO: 15--20 mi SE of Autl~n, McVaugh 13983 (MICH); 12-15 mi SSE of
Autl~n, on lumber road to Corralitos, 4-10 mi above (SE of) Ahuacap~.n, McVaugh & Koelz
923 (MICH) ; 9-10 mi SW of Autlfin, McVaugh 14219 (MICH). MICIIOACC.N: Huizontla, Coalcom~.n, Hinton 12652 (MICH).
I t is a pleasure to name this new variety in honor of Dr. Rogers McVaugh, who
has helped greatly in our work in this genus, both through his suggestions and his
numerous collections. Dr. M c V a u g h ' s collecting in the Jalisco area has provided
almost all available material of the new variety as well as the specimens which
show the region to be a hotbed of hybridization.
In some respects the variety is intermediate between D. ovatifolia and D.
scabrella. T h e lack of an angular outline of the leaves and of dilated tips on the
pappus setae place the species closer to D. scabrella. Th e sharply serrate leaf margins
are found only in the variety.
EXCLUDED SPECIES
I)ECACHAETA CONEERTA Gardn., Hook. London Jour. Dot. 5 : 463. 1846.
Ageratum conJertum (Gardn.) Benth. & Hook. f.
DECACI-IAETA LONGIFOLIA Gardn., Hook. London Jour. Bot. 5 : 462. 1846.
Alomia longijolia (Gardn.) B. L. Robinson
DECACItAETA SEEMANNII Benth. & Hook. f., Gen. P 1 . 2 : 239. 1873.
Ageratella mlcrophylla (Schultz-Bip.) A. Gray
L I T E R A T U R E CITED
Blake, S . F . 1926. Asteraceae. In: Standley, P. C., Trees and Shrubs of Mexico. Contr. U. S. Nat.
Herb. 23 : 1401-1432, 1470-1620, 1636-1641.
Robinson, B . L . 1905. Diagnoses and notes relating to American Eupatorieae. Proc. Amer. Acad.
Arts Sci. 41 : 271-278. (Contr. Gray Herb. n.s. 31.)
~ . .
1913. Revisions of Alomia, Ageratum, and Oxylobus. Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci. 49:
438-491. (Contr. Gray Herb. n.s. 42.)
~ . .
1925. Records preliminary to a general treatment of the Eupatorieae, V. Contr. Gray
Herb. n.s. 75: 3-15.
--..
1926. Eupatorium, Ophryosporus. In: Standley, P. C., Trees and Shrubs of Mexico.
Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 23: 1432-1470.
312
P 11 ) ' T <J L <! G 1 A
1·olume 68( -1} :303-3.12
April 1990
C:nndeli a ox yl c p1 . ~ l ~ . C rt·cnc fo rma captldla Stcyerm ., Ann . ~lisour
13ot. Ga rd . 2[:.190 . l!J34. TYPE: ~lf.:XICO
Durango: ~lapim
, 212:! Oct IR98, ¡ ~ ·- l'almrr .5 2V( IIOLOTYPE: Gil¡ lso types : ~IO!
, NY
,
lf S ). This cliffcrs fr om t y pical planls o nly in its smaller heads .
G'nndcha o xyl c p1.~
is a rcla tiv ely well dcfinecl specics. The primary problem wit h its morphological integrity is that the !caves in sorne populations
of northern C hihuahu a are spinulose tipp ed , intcrgrading with gland tipped
forms. 1 suspecl this may reflect introgressio n fr o m C. arizonica, but field
wo rk will probably be necessary to sort this o u l.
Cn ndclia subdccurrcn8 DC., Prodr. 5:315. 1836. TYPE : ~lÉXICO
. Guanajuat o: Villalpando , IR29 , M cndez s.n. (IIOLOTYPE: G-DC fiche!¡
lsolype : Gil!) .
Crindelia subdccurrms is rccognized as a taproo ted percnnial , apparently
alwa_vs with severa! , often thin slems branching from the base . The stems and
leaves are co mpletcly glabrous except for minutel y scabrous leaf margins, and
the leaves have pun ctatc surfaces and blunt , glandular teeth , though usually
not as strongly glandular as those in C. oxylepis. The achenes are smooth until
the last rnomcnts of ontogcn y when longitudinal fnrrows appear , and they produ ce srnooth edged pappns a wn s. In its monom o rphic , longitudinally furr owed
achenes, C. subdecurrcn.s is similar t o C. arizonica although its relationship
appears to lic m ost closely with C. oxylepis.
Tite nam e C rindelta .m bdccurrcns co mm o nl y has been used as the identifi cati on fo r man~
' ~lcxian
plants , including man~
· of C . inuloidcs Willd. s. str.
Steyermark (1!J34) a nd 1\lcVaugh ( 1984 ) hoth havc rccognized C . subdecurrens
as distinct. although thcir co nc epts of the s pecics were diffcrent.
Griudclia rnacvanghii Nesom, sp. nov. TYPE: ~lÉXICO
. Jalisco: 15 .9 km
E of Agua El Obispo (\V of Lagos de Moreno) on Hwy 80; beside and
in dit ch o n N\V si de of roacl , 1770 m. 20 Aug 1979 . ¡\f.E. Lane 2594
(HOLOTYPE: TEX!; Isoty p es: ~IEXU
, TEX!)
.
Crindclia oxylcp1 E. C:reenc similis sed cluralionr longio re el
foliis lo nJ?;io rib us paginis non pun ctatis d clentibu s acutis non glandiferi s cliffr rf .
An nu als or bienniab . 3-9 clm tal!. co mplrt. cly glabrous rxcr pt fo r scahrous
leaf margi ns. Leavt·s narrow ly o blon¡!; l o oblancrolate or lan ccola tc, clasping , not clecurrrnl. 2.0 -:!.5 cm long at midst<'m , .[. 7 mm wi dc . rcduc ed near
t he heads , not punctate , wi th 9- 15 pa irs o f st rongly spinulose or sharp indurated, cglandular lt'<'l h . lkads 12 -17 m m widc , on short pcduncles ¡ phyl larirs st rongl y g r adu~t.<'
in l<'ngth , t he inncr 1-!J mm lo ng , whitc indurated
Neso m :
Systematics o( Mexican and Texan Grindelia
313
except at the very tip, lhe outer wilh loose , erecl lo spreading or reflexing,
herbaceous punclale apices . Ray flowers 15-20. Disc corollas 5-6 mm long,
nol sharply ampliale. Achenes 2.5-3.5 mm long, subquadrale, wilh prominenl
transverse incisions and broad , shallow, longitudinal furrows ¡ pa.ppus awns
smooth, nearly as long as the disc corollas.
Endemic lo northeasl Jalisco in the area around Lagos de Moreno¡ clay
soil, ditches, grasslands, pastures , wilh desert shrubs , including Acacia and
Artemisia¡ 1800-1900 m¡ Aug-Ocl .
Additional colleclions examined: MÉXICO. Jalisco: about 11 mi SE of
Lagos de Moreno, near hwy to León , 1900 m , 7 Sep 1952, Me Vaugh 12820
(F,SMU) ¡ 11 mi SE of Lagos de 1\loreno, 16 Aug 1957, Waterfal/13869 (SMU) .
Grindelia macvaughii differs from G. oxylepis primarily in ils longer leaves
with nonpunctate surfaces and sharp, eglandular teeth. The three radiale
species of the Grindelia oxylepis complex can be distinguished by the following
ke y.
l. Annuals, usually single slemmed from the base; leaves mostly 8-15(-25)
mm long, 3-5 mm wide, 2.0-2 .5(-5) times longer than wide; achenes
deeply sculptured al early maturity . .. .. . .. .. . . ... . .. .. ... G. oxylepis
1' Annuals, biennials or short lived perennials, wilh severa! slems from the
base; leaves moslly 15-40 mm long, 3-8 mm wide, 4-7 times longer lhan
wide; achenes smooth or sculptured al early maturily .. .. .. ... . . ... (2)
2.
Perennials; leaf surfaces punctale ; foliar teeth mostly glandular;
ray flowers 20-30; achenes smooth at early maturity, developing
longitudinal furrows al late maturity . .... .... . . . G. subdecurrens
2' Annuals or biennials ; leaf surfaces nonpunctate ; foliar leeth defi nitely spinulose, not at all glandular; ray flowers 15-20; achenes
usually prominently sculptured even at early maturity, with prominent transverse incisions and longitudinal furrows . G. macvaughii
A new spccies peripherally related to Grindelia oxylepis.
Griudelia turneri Nesom , sp. no .•. TYPE: MÉXICO. Nuevo León : 1\Ipio.
Galeana, between San Pablo a 11<l Tanquecillos , 0.5 mi S of San Pablo, on
tl.e road between San Rafael J et and G aleana, fallow fields in valley, pines
on high slopes of valley margins, 2320 m, 27 Aug 1989, G. Ne som 7189
wit h J. Norris (HOLOTYPE . TEX ; lso types : ANSM,COLO ,ENCB,F ,
GH,KANU ,MEXU ,MO,NY,BM,US,WAT ,WIS) .
Grindelia oxylepi Green c similis sed duratione perenni , ramificatione basali, paginis foliorum minute puberulis non-punclatis, et
aristis pappi quam co rollis discii longioribus differt.
Acta Botanica Mexicana 91: 21-25 (2010)
UNA ESPECIE NUEVA DE PERYMENIUM (COMPOSITAE,
HELIANTHEAE) DEL ESTADO DE MÉXICO (MÉXICO)*
Jerzy r zedowski y Graciela calderón de r zedowski
Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Centro Regional del Bajío,
Apdo. postal 386, 61600 Pátzcuaro, Michoacán, México.
jerzy.rzedowski@inecol.edu.mx
RESUMEN
Se describe como nuevo e ilustra a Perymenium rogmacvaughii con base en un ejemplar
colectado en el extremo occidental del Estado de México. La especie está posiblemente
relacionada con P. hintonii McVaugh, conocido de Michoacán, y con P. pringlei B.L. Rob.
& Greenm. var pringlei, registrado de Jalisco y Sinaloa.
Palabras clave: Compositae, Estado de México, Heliantheae, México, Perymenium.
ABSTRACT
Perymenium rogmacvaughii is described as new and illustrated on the basis of a
specimen collected in the western extremity of the State of Mexico. The species is probably
related to P. hintonii McVaugh, known from Michoacán, and to P. pringlei B.L. Rob. &
Greenm. var. pringlei, reported from Jalisco and Sinaloa.
Key words: Compositae, Heliantheae, Mexico, Perymenium, State of Mexico.
* Trabajo realizado con apoyo económico del Instituto de Ecología, A.C. (cuenta 20006), del
Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología y de la Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento
y Uso de la Biodiversidad.
21
Acta Botanica Mexicana 91: 21-25 (2010)
Entre los materiales depositados en el herbario IEB se encontró un ejemplar
indudablemente perteneciente al género Perymenium, pero que no tiene acomodo en
ninguna de sus especies conocidas. Se le propone a continuación como:
Perymenium rogmacvaughii Rzed. & Calderón sp.n. Fig. 1
Frutex ramulis tetrangularibus strigulosis; folia triangulari-ovata vel triangulari-lanceolata, 3-10 cm longa, 0.8-4.5 cm lata, apice acuminata, basi cordata vel
subcordata, trinervata, supra strigosa, infra dense hispida; capitula in inflorescentiis corymbiformibus dense aggregata, pedunculi 0.5-1.5 cm longi; involucrum late
campanulatum 4-6 mm longum, phyllaria 13-21, in 3 vel 4 seriebus graduata, externa lanceolata vel triangularia, interna elliptica, oblonga vel ovata, rerceptaculum
planum, paleae ellipticae 4-5 mm longae, apice luteae; flores radii ca. 8, laminis
ellipticis 4-5.5 mm longis, luteis; flores disci 25-35, corollis 4-5 mm longis luteis,
antheris nigricantibus, styli ramis linearibus; achaenia oblonga 2-2.5 mm longa,
grisea vel brunneo-grisacea, puberula, pappus 15-22 aristis tenuibus inaequilongis,
longioribus 3 mm longis, brevioribus 0.5 mm longis.
Arbusto de aprox. 3 m de alto; ramillas tetrangulares, de tinte morado, estrigulosas con pelos ascendentes de tamaño diverso, los más largos hasta de 0.6 mm de
longitud; hojas todas opuestas, peciolo de 4 a 10 mm de largo, lámina triangular-ovada a triangular-lanceolada, de 3 a 10 cm de largo, de 0.8 a 4.5 cm de ancho, ápice acuminado, base cordada a subcordada, margen regularmente serrado con 9 a 22 dientes
de cada lado, trinervada, de textura membranácea, verde oscura, rugosa y estrigosa
en el haz, más pálida y densamente híspida, sobre todo a lo largo de las nervaduras,
en el envés; cabezuelas agrupadas en densos conjuntos cimosos corimbiformes en los
extremos de las ramillas que en su conjunto forman panículas foliosas hasta de 15 cm
de largo y de diámetro, pedúnculos individuales filiformes, de 5 a 15 mm de largo; involucro anchamente campanulado, sus brácteas 13 a 21, graduadas en 3 a 4 series, las
exteriores lanceoladas a triangulares, de 1.5 a 2 mm de largo, por lo general agudas en
el ápice, las interiores elípticas a oblongas u obovadas, de 4 a 6 mm de largo, obtusas
a redondeadas en el ápice, las más internas con la porción distal amarilla y con frecuencia refleja, todas las brácteas pubérulas o estrigulosas por fuera y notablemente
ciliadas en el margen, receptáculo plano, páleas elípticas, de 4 a 5 mm de largo, romas
y amarillas en el ápice, glabras; flores periféricas ca. 8, sus láminas elípticas, de 4 a
5.5 mm de largo, amarillas, pubérulas por fuera; flores del disco 25 a 35, sus corolas
tubulosas con la garganta bruscamente ensanchada, de 4 a 5 mm de largo, amarillas,
pubérulas en los lóbulos, anteras negruzcas, de ca. 2 mm de largo, ramas del estilo
22
Rzedowski y Calderón de Rzedowski: Una especie nueva de Perymenium
2 mm
E
1 cm
B
1 cm
1 mm
2 mm
C
A
D
Fig. 1. Perymenium rogmacvaughii Rzed. & Calderón. A. rama con hojas y cabezuelas; B.
cabezuelas; C. corola de la flor ligulada; D. corola disecada de la flor del disco mostrando
anteras y ramas del estilo; E. aquenio. Ilustrado por Alfonso Barbosa.
23
Acta Botanica Mexicana 91: 21-25 (2010)
lineares, agudas en el ápice, hispídulas; aquenios oblongos, de 2 a 2.5 mm de largo,
los del radio triquetros, los del disco biconvexos, grises o café-grisáceos, moteados
con puntos más oscuros, pubérulos, vilano de 15 a 22 aristas delgadas de tamaño desigual, las más largas de 3 mm de longitud, las más cortas de sólo 0.5 mm.
Tipo: México, Estado de México, aprox. 2 km al NE de la intersección de los
caminos Valle de Bravo - Tingambato y la desviación a Luvianos, selva baja caducifolia, 25.IX.1984, J. L. Villaseñor L. y D. M. Spooner 773 (IEB, isotipos en MEXU
y en UC).
Siguiendo las claves de Blake (1926), de Fay (1978) y de McVaugh (1984), P.
rogmacvaughii se identificaría como P. pringlei B.L. Rob. & Greenm. var. pringlei,
conocido sólo de dos colectas realizadas en Jalisco y en Sinaloa. Es posible que los
dos taxa estén realmente emparentados, pues coinciden en la presencia de brácteas
involucrales interiores obtusas, amarillas, ciliadas y con frecuencia reflejas, en la
pubescencia, en el tamaño así como en la forma de las cabezuelas y en el tamaño de
los aquenios.
Sin embargo, cabe apuntar las siguientes diferencias:
porte
hojas
forma
base
venación
largo de pedúnculos individuales
largo de la lámina de la flor
periférica
color de las anteras
aristas del vilano
P. pringlei var. pringlei
aparentemente herbáceo
P. rogmacvaughii
arbustivo
lanceolado-ovada o
lanceolada
cuneada a redondeada
triplinervada
1-3 cm
5-7 mm
triangular-ovada a
triangular-lanceolada
cordada a subcordada
trinervada
0.5-1.5 cm
4-5.5 mm
café claro
25-30
negruzco
15-22
Por otro lado, es probablemente más cercana la relación de parentesco entre
P. rogmacvaughii y P. hintonii McVaugh, especie descrita de Michoacán, que difiere
en sus hojas redondeadas a truncadas en la base, así como en los pedúnculos más
24
Rzedowski y Calderón de Rzedowski: Una especie nueva de Perymenium
largos, en las cabezuelas y flores notablemente más grandes y en las anteras de color
café. A su vez, P. beckeri Fay, conocido solamente de Sinaloa, presenta similitudes
con P. rogmacvaughii en la base cordada de las hojas, pero éstas son de forma ovada-cordiforme, miden 4 cm o menos de largo, la inflorescencia es de mucho menos
cabezuelas, los pedúnculos miden hasta 6.5 cm de largo y la lámina de las flores
periféricas 9.5 a 12 mm de largo.
P. rogmacvaughii habita en el bosque tropical caducifolio en el oeste del Estado de México. La localidad es muy cercana a los límites con Michoacán, por lo
que cabe esperar la presencia de la planta también en esa entidad. Sin embargo, debe
tratarse de un endemismo estrecho, pues la región en general ha sido intensamente
explorada y no se han visto colectas adicionales.
El nombre de la especie se dedica como homenaje a la memoria de Rogers
McVaugh, botánico norteamericano recientemente desaparecido, quien dedicó la
mayor parte de su vida profesional al estudio fundamental de la flora de México.
AGRADECIMIENTOS
Los autores agradecen al Dr. Eleazar Carranza la ayuda prestada en el fotografiado de la imagen del tipo, así como al Dr. John L. Strother por la información
acerca del ejemplar de la especie nueva, depositado en el herbario UC de la Universidad de California.
LITERATURA CITADA
Blake, S. F. 1926. Perymenium. In: Standley, P. C. Trees and shrubs of Mexico. Contr. U.S.
Natl. Herb. 23: 1547-1555.
Fay, J. J. 1978. Revision of Perymenium (Asteraceae-Heliantheae) in Mexico and Central
America. Allertonia 1: 235-296.
McVaugh, R. 1984. Perymenium. Flora Novo-Galiciana 12: 713-733.
Recibido en enero de 2010.
Aceptado en febrero de 2010.
25
A NEW
SPECIES
OF POLYMNIA
(COMPOSITAE:
HELIANTHEAE) FROM MEXICO
JAMES R. WELLS
Wells, J. R. (Cranbrook Institute of Science, Bloomfield Hills, Michigan). A
new species of Polymnia (Compositae: Heliantheae) from Mexico. Brittonia 19:
391-394. 1967.--Polymnia rncvaughii from Jalisco, Mexico, is described as new.
This herbaceous species appears to belong in the mainstream of evolution within
the genus. It exhibits marked affinities to several species, but most closely
resembles P. oaxacana Schultz-Bip. Illustrations of important features are included, along with a list of key characteristics.
In studying American material of P o l y m n i a in the University of Michigan Herbarium, I encountered four collections from the state of Jalisco, Mexico, which differ
from any discussed in my recent review of the genus (Wells, 1965). Although apparently rather closely related to P. o a x a c a n a Schultz-Bip., it differs sufficiently to
warrant specific recognition. It is a privilege to name this new species in honor
of Dr. Rogers McVaugh, its collector, who has contributed so greatly to the knowledge of the Mexican flora.
Polymnia
mcvaughii
Wells, sp. nov.
Herba, usque ad 5 m a l t a ; folia opposita, membranacea, pinnatim 5-7-1oba et
-nervia, sessilia vel petiolis alatis ad basin connato-perfoliatis; phyllaria 5, basi
connata; flores ligulati ca. 10-12, flavi: flores tubulosi ca. 60-75, flavi: achaenia
nigra, lateraliter compressa, sulculata.
A P. oaxacana foliis connato-perfoliatis, phyllariis perangustis reflexis in fructibus,
stigmatibus florum tubulosorum non exsertis differt.
Herb, apparently perennial (roots not seen); stems erect or arching, to 5 m long
and 3-4 cm in diameter at base, hexagonal or round in cross section, often purplestriped, sparingly tomentose; leaves opposite, ovate to obovate, membranaceous, to
55 cm long, 26 cm wide, sessile and connate-perfoliate, or the petiole winged to the
connate-perfoliate base: principal leaves pinnately 5-7-lobed and -veined (upper
leaves lobed or unlobed), some lobes incised or parted or both; the margins dentate,
the teeth callous-tipped; adaxial surface dark green, scabrous, tomentulose on the
main veins; abaxial surface pale green, the lamina glandular-dotted, puberulous,
remotely strigose to puberulous on the main veins~ inflorescence axillary and terminal,
branched, bracteate, often 1/3 the length of entire plant; peduncles to 24 cm long,
sometimes purple-striped, densely stipitate-glandular and pilose; heads several to
many, expanded at anthesis to ca. 1-1.5 cm wide, ca. 1 cm high, convex, the receptacle flattened; phyllaries 5, linear-lanceolate, basally connate, 2-3 mm wide,
to 17 mm long, adaxially densely stipitate-glandular and sparsely tomentose, the
abaxial surface with fewer glands and hairs, reflexed in fruit; paleae of the ray
flowers ovate, long-acuminate, ca. 9 mm long, 3 mm wide, often purple-tinged,
glabrous adaxially at least in the expanded concave base, the margins hirtellous-pilose,
eventually laterally involute, stipitate-glandular and pilose abaxially; ray flowers
ca. 10-12, their corollas yellow (when dried, y 8 ' 8 as per the Munsell Book of Color),
12-22 mm long, 6-11 mm wide, broadly obovate, the tube ca. 2 mm long, pilose and
stioitate-glandular outside, the style and stigma to about 5 mm long; disc flowers
BRITTONIA19-" 391--394. Oct.-Dec. 1967.
391
392
BRITTONIA
Fw. 1. Photograph of the holotype of Polymnia mcvaztghii, X 1."2.
] VOL. ] 9
1967]
WELLS:
POLYMNIA
.'193
FIGS. 2-7. Polymnia mcvaughii. Fie. 2. Phyllary (abaxial view), X 2. Fic. 3. Ray palea (abaxial
view), X 4. FIG. 4. Ray flower, >( 1.5. Fro. 5. Disc palea (abaxial view), X 5. Ft(:. 6. Disc
flower, X 4. Fro. 7, Achene (radial view), X 5.
ca. 6 0 - 7 5 , yellow, ca. 8 m m long, the u p p e r h a l f 1-1.5 m m w i d e ; t h e lower p o r t i o n
ca. 0.5 m m wide, m i n u t e l y s t i p i t a t e - g l a n d u l a r a n d h i r t e l l o u s o u t s i d e especially on
t h e t u b e : p a l e a e of t h e disc flowers l a n c e o l a t e to o b l a n c e o l a t e , 3 6 m m long, 1-2
m m wide, the a b a x i a l s u r f a c e a n d m a r g i n s h i r t e l l o u s or pilose or b o t h , a d a x i a l s u r f a c e
s p a r s e l y h i r t e l l o u s or pilose or b o t h : a c h e n e s b l a c k ( i m m a t u r e o n e s green t h e n
p u r p l e ) , a s y m m e t r i c a l l y o b o v o i d , o f t e n a p i c a l l y p a p i l l a t e , o b s c u r e l y 4 - a n g l e d , rem o t e l y sulcate, r a d i a l l y f l a t t e n e d , g l a b r o u s , ca. 5 m m long, ca. 4 m m wide in g r e a t e s t
dimension.
MEXICO: JArlsco: Sierra de Manantl~n (30-35 km SE of Autlfin), precipitous seaward-facing
slopes 1-4 km below the summit called "La Cumbre," near lumber road between El Chante and
Cuzalapa, and above the abandoned site of Durazno, lat. 19 ~ 32' N, long. 104 ~ 14' W, deciduous
forest, 1500 1900 m, 22-23 Mar 1959, McVaugh 23189 (holotype, MICH).
Other collections examined:
About 12 15 mi SSE of Ahuacapfi.n along lumber road in pine forest, 1500-2200 m, 22, 23 .Nov
1959, McVaugh & Koelz 998; steep barranca near stream, 21-24 km S of E1 Chante near Rancho
Manantl/m with Abies, Alnus, Fraxinus, Quercus, and Pinus on upper slopes, 1650 1850 m, 19
Mar 1965, McVaugh 23089; headwaters of Rio Mascota in valley of humid forest along steep
mtn stream ascending to W from a point 12 13 km from (i.e., S of) El Rinc6n on road to
Aserradero La Cumbre, 1700-1900 m, McVaugh 23456. All collections except McVaugh 23456
are from the same mountain range.
A few Polymnia species a t t a i n tree size w i t h h e i g h t s exceeding 12 m a n d stein
d i a m e t e r s to 20 cm w h i l e o t h e r s are s u f f r u t i c o s e . M o s t species are h e r b a c e o u s .
W i t h s u c h a d i v e r s i t y of g r o w t h forms one m i g h t t h i n k t h a t t h e o r i g i n a l p l a c e m e n t
of c e r t a i n species w i t h i n t h i s g e n u s was b y d e f a u l t , i.e., t h e y j u s t failed to fit elsewhere. Polymnia mcvaughii, h o w e v e r , a p p e a r s to b e l o n g in t h e m a i n s t r e a m of
e v o l u t i o n w i t h i n t h e g e n u s . T h i s j u d g m e n t is b a s e d u p o n p r e s u m e d p h y l e t i c a f f i n i t i e s
as e v i d e n c e d from m o r p h o l o g i c a l t r a i t s c h a r a c t e r i s t i c of m o s t species. O f the species
w h i c h are its closest relatives, n a m e l y , P. uvedalia, P. maculata, P. riparia, a n d P.
oaxacana, the l a t t e r is t h e one w i t h w h i c h P. mcvaughii is m o s t likely to be confused. T h e c h a r a c t e r s in T a b l e I m a y b e used to s e p a r a t e P. mcvaughii from t'.
oaxacana.
BRITTONIA
394
[VOL.
19
TABLE I.
COMPARISON OF P. oaxacana ANn P. mcvaughii
P. oaxacana
P. mcvaughii
Habit
g i a n t h e r b to 5 m in h e i g h t
h e r b to 2 m in h e i g h t
Stems
r o u n d in c r o s s - s e c t i o n
h e x a g o n a l or r o u n d in c r o s s - s e c t i o n , to 4 c m
in d i a m e t e r
Leaves
lobes u s u a l l y n o t incised or p a r t e d , a b a x i a l
s u r f a c e w h i t i s h - g r e e n , pilose, b a s e s a u r i c u l a t e
lobes o f t e n i n c i s e d or p a r t e d or b o t h , a b a x i a l l y
pale g r e e n a n d p u b e r u l o u s , bases c o n n a t e - p e r foliate
Peduncles
densely s t i p i t a t e - g l a n d u l a r a n d pilose
p u b e r u l o u s to g l a n d u l a r pilose
Heads
1.5-3 c m in d i a m e t e r
1-1.5 c m in d i a m e t e r
Phyllaries
o v a t e to o v a t e - l a n c e o l a t e , m o r e t h a n 3 m m
wide, n e a r l y g l a b r o u s a d a x i a l l y , n o t reflexed
a t t i m e of f r u i t i n g
l i n e a r - l a n c e o l a t e , 3 m m w i d e o r u s u a l l y less,
densely s t i p i t a t e - g l a n d u l a r a n d pilose a d a x i a l l y ,
reflexed a t t i m e of f r u i t i n g
Ray Paleae
o v a t e - l a n c e o l a t e , ca.
not laterally involute
5 mm
long,
margins
o v a t e - l o n g - a c u m i n a t e , ca. 9 m m l o n g , t h e l a t eral m a r g i n s e v e n t u a l l y i n v o l u t e
Ray Flowers
y e l l o w to r e d d i s h - p u r p l e , to 15 m m l o n g , 7
mm wide
y e l l o w , to 22 m m long, 12 m m w i d e
Disc Paleae
ca. 4 m m long, m i d v e i n p r o m i n e n t
ca. 5 - 6 m m l o n g , e q u a l l y 3 - 5 - v e i n e d or m i d vein p r o m i n e n t
Disc Flowers
ca. 6 m m l o n g , styles b e c o m i n g l o n g - e x s e r t e d
at maturity and exceeding the corolla length
by 2 mm
ca. 8 m m l o n g , styles a n d s t i g m a s a t m a t u r i t y
of a p p r o x i m a l l y s a m e l e n g t h as c o r o l l a
Fruit
ca. 3 m m long, 2.5 m m b r o a d , n o t a n g l e d
ca. 5 m m l o n g , 4 m m wide, o b s c u r e l y 4 - a n g l e d
L I T E R A T U R E CITED
M u n s e l l C o l o r Co. 1929. M u n s e l l B o o k of C o l o r . A R e v i s i o n a n d Extensio.n of " T h e A t l a s of
t h e M u n s e l l C o l o r S y s t e m " b y A. H . M u n s e l l . M u n s e l l C o l o r Co., Inc., B a l t i m o r e , M d .
Wells, James R.
1965. A t a x o n o m i c s t u d y of Polymnia ( C o m p o s i t a e ) . B r i t t o n i a 1 7 : 1 4 4 - 1 5 9 .
STATE.",IENT OF OWNERSHIP, MANAGEMENT, AND CIRCULATION OF BRITTONIA, REQUIRED BY
ACT OF OCTOBER 23, 1962: SECTION 4369, TITLE 39, UNITED STATES CODE. FILED OCTOBER 20, 1967.
BRITTONIA is published quarterly at 1041 New Hampshire Street, Lawrence, Kansas 66044. General business
offices: Bronx Park, Bronx, N. Y. 10458. Publisher: The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, N. Y. 10458. Editor:
John R. Reeder, Osborn Memorial Laboratories, Yale Univ., New Haven, Conn. 06520. Managing Editor: Robert
Breach, The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, N. Y. 10458. Owner: The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, N. Y.
10458.
The known bondholders, mortgagees, and other security holders owning or holding 1 percent or more of total amount
of bonds, mortgages, or other securities are: None.
Circulation: Average number of copies printed for each issue during preceding 12 months: 1520. No. of copies
printed for single issue nearest to filing date: 1600. Average number of paid mail subscribers: during preceding 12
months, 1178; for single issue nearest to filing date, 1194. Free distribution: average No. copies each issue during preceding 12 months, 9; single issue nearest to filing date, 12. Total distribution: average No. copies each issue during
preceding 12 months, 1187; single issue nearest to filing date, 1206. Office use, left-over, unaccounted, spoiled after
printing: average No. copies each issue during preceding 12 months, 333; single issue nearest to filing date, 394. Total:
average No. copies each issue during preceding 12 months, 1520; single issue nearest to filing date, 1600.
I certify that the statements made by me above are correct and complete. Signed, Robert Breach, Curator of Publications.
Neso m :
New Solidago and S. ve lutma
301
to have thicker leaves with coarser pubescence and at least sorne fasciculate
leaves near the capitulescence, S. n emoralis-!ike features.
Martín & Hutchins (1981) distinguished S. mollis, as well as Solidago howelln \Voot. & Stand!., from S . velutina on the basis of "ovate to oblong" phyllaries vs "linear to linear-lanceolate" ones, but of numerous S . velutina-like
specimens from eastern New l\Iexico that 1 have examined, none could be
placed in a species separate from S. velutina.
A more detailed and inclusive study may eventually show Solidago mollis
( Bartling, lnd. Sem. Hort. Gotting . 5. 1836) to be the earliest name for the
spe cies that includes S . velutzna. Both names were published in 1836 , Solidago
ve lutina in "early October 1836" (TL2), but I have not located a more specific
date for S . mollis. Solidago nemoralis (Ait.. Hort. Kew. 3:213. 1789 ) is the
oldest name among all the species in the complex.
Taylor & Taylor ( 1984) speculated that Solidago canadensis var. canescens
A. Gray is more closely related to S. velutina than to S . canadensis. In contrast , I find that the former , which occurs in Texas and northern México, is
indeed part of the S. canadensis complex, where it fits in habit , vestiture , and
details of involucra! and floral morphology ( Nesom in prep .) .
A new species related to Solidago velutina.
l\Ic Vaugh ( 1984) included a single species in his treatment of Solidago from
Nueva Galicia, México, and he identified itas S . scabrida (=S. velutina) . He
noted that the widespread form of the species in México was "apparently
the same species , but perhaps a form slightly different from ours ... . " The
specimens he cited are different in severa! significant ways from S. ve lutina
over its entire range , and I recognize them as a distinct species.
Solidago macvaughii Nesom, spec. no v. TYPE: MÉXICO. Aguascalientes :
[l\'l pio. Rincón de Romos ), 2 km S and 2 km E of Rincón de Romos , low ,
ungrazed meadow with sorne permanent wet places , [wet meadow with
nearly permanent springs ,) 2000 m , local in patches near the road, 4 Sep
1967 , R . Me Vaugh 23663 (HOLOTYPE: l\IICH!- illustrated in l\lcVaugh
1984, p. 855).
S. velutinae DC. habitu et capitulescentia similis sed differt
caulibus purpuratis glabratis in partibus infernis, foliis serratulis ,
phyllariis textura tenuioribus sine costis aurantiaci-resinosis oblongioblanceolatis apicibus spathulatis.
Perennials from short , fibrous-rooted rhizomes, spreading by slender stolons.
Stems O. 7-l. O m tall, glabra te on the lower part , moderately hispid hirtellous
to puberulent above , the hairs spreading crinkly, sometimes slightly deflexed.
302
PHYTOLOGIA
volume 67(4):297-303
October 1989
Leaves scabrous ciliate , sparsely to densely and evenly hispidulous hirtellous on
both surfaces to nearly glabrous , sometimes also minutely granular glandular,
the cauline numerous (ca 30-50) , the lower 4-7 cm long, 6-15 mm wide, oblanceolate , epetiolate , 3 nerved , serrulate with 9-15 pairs of mucronulate teeth, gradually reduced upwards, the middle and upper mostly 1.5-3.0 cm long, entire or
nearly so , 1 nerved. Heads secund on slightly recurved branches, in a broadly
pyramidal capitulescence 5-9 cm wide ; phyllaries glabrous, strongly graduated
in 3-5 series, the outer lanceolate to oblong lanceolate with acute to obtuse
apices , the inner narrowly oblong oblanceolate wi th rounded spatulate apices,
3.5-4.5 mm long , the midvein greenish , not at al! broadened near the apex or
raised , the lamina very thin, with a broad , shallowly lacerate ciliate , hyaline
margin extending around the margins and apex; receptacles deeply foveolate.
Ray flowers 15-27, the ligules 1.5-2.5 mm long with toothed to deeply lobed
apices; tu be longer than the ligule. Disc flowers 8-14 , the corollas 4.0-4.5 mm
long. Achenes sparsely strigose, narrowly oblong, basally attenuate , mature
size not observed; pappus of ca 30-40 bristles 2.5-3.5 mm long . Chromosome
number unknown .
Additional collection examined: MÉXICO. Aguascalientes: [M pio . Asientos], near Cienaga Grande , grassy pastured flats along a watercourse, 2000 m ,
locally abundant , 8 Sep 1967 , liJe Vaugh 23784 (MICH) .
As observed by Me Vaugh, these plants are ver y similar to Solidago velutina,
particularly in their habit , capitulescence and vestiture , but they differ in a
number of ways from al! plants of the latter over its whole range . Solidago macvaughii is known only from the two collections in northeastern Aguascalientes;
which is below the southern edge of the range of S. velutina; no collections
of the latter have been made in Aguascalientes. The two species are further
contras ted by the following couplet.
l. Habitats dry; stems greenish , evenly pubescent ; leaves usually entire, occasionally shallowly serrate with 5-7( -14) pairs of teeth ; inner phyllaries
triangular lanceolate with definitely narrowed , acute to obtuse apices ,
with prominently orange resinous and raised midveins ; ray flowers 7-9
( -12) ; disc flowers ( 4- )5-9( -11) ... . .. ...... . .... . ........... S. velutina
l. Habitats wet; stems purplish , glabrate below, puberulent above ; leaves
serrulate with 9-15 pairs of t eeth ; inner phyllaries oblong oblanceolate
with broadened , rounded apices , with greenish , non-raised midveins ; ray
flowers 15-27; disc flowers 8-14 ....... . ..... . ...... .... . S. macvaughii
1974]
GRASHOrF: NOVELTIES IN STEVIA
365
the apex. Its name is derived from the Greek litos meaning "plain, simple, or frugal"
and describes that small, sparsely-leaved taxon in a word.
13. Stevia lucida Lag. var. oaxaeana (DC.) Grashoff, comb. nov.
Stevia glutinosa H.B.K. var. fl oaxacana DC. Prodr. 5: 116. 1836.
14. Stevia lueida Lag. var. r o b i n s o n i a n a Grashoff, var. nov.
Foliis ovatis (1.5-6.0 cm longis, 1.5-3.0 [-4.0] cm latis) ad basin latissimis
plerumque subtriplinerviis crenatis vel aegre serratis, acutis vel obtusis ad apicem,
obtusis vel truncatis ad basin, petiolis 1-3 cm longis anguste et ubique alatis vel non
alatis, inflorescentiarum 2-9 cm latarum ramulis alternis differt.
Distribution: Orizaba region of Veracruz south to Huautla de Jim6nez, Oaxaca,
flowering from June to August.
TYPE: MEXICO: PUEBLA: vicinity of San Luis Tultitlanapa, Aug 1907, C. A.
Purpus 2545 (HOLOTYPE"GH; ISOTYPES: ARIZ, F, NY, UC, US).
Additional specimens examined: MEXICO: OAXACA: 16.8--25.6 km by road
from Teotitldn del Camino to Huautla de Jim6nez, Anderson & Anderson 4682
(MICH, NY) ; ca. 10 mi above Teotitl~n del Camino on the Huaulta de Jim6nez rd.,
C. E. Smith, Jr. & Tejada 4471 (US--tending toward vat. oaxacana) ; near Coyula,
L. G. Smith 364 (GH). PUEBLA: 15 km S de Aculfinzingo-TehuacAn, Gdmez-Pompa
s.n. (MEXU); 1.3 mi from Puebla-Veracruz state lines on Hwy. 150, Johnson &
Ownbey 1947 (WIS) ; 16 mi N of Tehuac~n on Hwy. 150, King 2652 (MICH, NY,
TEX, UC, US); Cerro de Paxtle, Purpus 2546 (GH, UC); Boca del Monte,
Purpus 2993 (P, UC); Cerro de Gavildn, Purpus 3839 (UC--tending toward var.
lucida), Sierra de Huixteca, Purpus 4143 (P); Coxcatl~in, Purpus 4133 (P, UC).
VERACRUZ: slope W of Acultzingo, Clausen s.n. (NY); 4 km SW of Acultzingo,
Roe et al. 1277 (MICH, WIS); Mt. Orizaba, Maltrata, Seaton 389 (F, GH, NY,
UC, US).
Variety robinsoniana consists of those plants in S. lucida that have small ovate
leaves with obtuse leaf bases and branches of the inflorescence alternate or subopposite. The taxon was actually described by Robinson (1930), for whom the plant
is named, but through an apparent oversight, he designated a specimen of S.
pyroliJolia Schlecht. as type.
15. Stevia m a e v a u g h i i Grashoff, sp. nov. Fig. 9.
A Stevia myricoide McVaugh foliis brevioribus, ramis inflorescentiarum floccosis,
pappo fimbriato scarioso translucente; a Stevia subpubescente Lag. involucris
chartaceis bubalinis, ab ambobus acheniis splendentibus angustissimis (0.3 mm
diametro) recedit.
Frutex ad 2.5 m altus, basi mihi incognita. Rami opposifi vel ob abortionem unius
surculorum oppositorum alterni, brunnei, primo dense piloso-puberuli postea glabri,
leviter sulcati, foliacei tatum ad extremitates. Folia opposita elliptica 3-5 cm longa
1-2 cm lata crenata, apice obtusa vel rotundata, basi obtusa praeter portionem ad
petiolum decurrentem; superficies obscuro-viridis (sicca) inter venas sparisissime
pilosa, super venas moderate puberulae, pagina inferior insigniter pallidior, inter
venas sparsim pilosa, secus costam dense et implicite-pilosa, glanduloso-punctata;
venae pinnatae, omnes praeter costam inconspicuae, infra non elevatae, secundariae
reficulatae; petioli 5-8 mm longi, anguste alati dense pilosi. Inflorescenfiae corymbosae rotundatae terminales, ca. 10 cm diametro; ramuli opposifi divaricafi floccosopilosi bubalini, primarii ca. 2 cm longi, secundarii multo breviores. Capitula approxi-
366
BRITTONIA
[VOL. 26
Fic. 9. Stevia macvaughii: flowering branch (X 1/2); corolla and achene (scale = 1 ram).
McVaugh 11789 (MICH).
mata, verisimiliter ca. 8 mm alta per anthesin; involucra chartacea bubalina, ad
maturitatem parum expansa, phyllariis oblongis 5 m m longis 1 mm latis glabris subglabrisve integris, basi parum constrictis, apice obtusis vel acutis. Corollae albae
(vel fors dilute rosae) 4.5 m m longae per anthesin; lobi 0.5 mm longi pilulosi; fauces
1974]
GRASHOFF:
NOVELTIES IN STEVIA
367
3.0 mm longae glandulosae et glabrae; tubus 1.5 mm longus glandulosus et glaber.
Achenia oliveo-brunnea 3.5 mm longa 0.3 mm diametro breviter hispida fere splendida;
pappus corona squamellata fimbrillata 0.2 mm vel minus alta translucida constans.
Distribution: Known only from the type collection.
TYPE: MEXICO: JALISCO: SE slopes of Nevada de Colima, along a lumber
road which ascends from a point about 11 mi from Atenquique on the Tonila road,
2000 m, 4 Apr 1951, R. McVaugh 11789 (HOLOTYPE: MICH).
The specific epithet honors the collector of the holotype, Rogers McVaugh of the
University of Michigan.
16. S t e v i a o v a t a Willd. var. expansa Grashoff, var. nov. Fig. 10.
Inflorescentiis diffusis foliaceo-bracteatis, capitulis 1-5 in pedunculo aggregatis
diversa.
Distribution: Coahuila, Nuevo Le6n, and San Luis Potosi with sexual populations
known only from Nuevo Le6n. It flowers in August and September.
TYPE: MEXICO: NUEVO LE6N: "Near top of 'M' ridge, below 'M' pinnacles,
near Monterrey," Sep 1960, R. F. Smith 1405 (HOLOTYPE: TEX).
Additional specimens examined: MEXICO: COAHUILA: La Casita, Kenoyer &
Crum 3003 (GH), 3019 (GH); W side of Potrero de la Mula, ca. 20 km NW of
Ocampo, I. M. Johnston 9204 (GH) ; Sierra del Pino, 2-10 mi N of camp at La Noria,
I. M. Johnston & Muller 579 (GH) ; Parras, 1880, Palmer 439 (GH, NY) ; Carneros
Pass, in canyons, Pringle 2809 (GH); Sierra de Parras, Purpus 4573 (UC); Sierra
del Pino, ca. 20 cm NW of La Noria, Stewart 1227 (LL). NUEVO LE6N: Sierra
Madre Mountains, Monterrey, Mueller & Mueller 240 (GH, TEX), 268 (A). SAN
LUIS POTOSf: ca. 4 km al S de Guadalc,4zar, Rzedowski 6788 (ENCB) ; in montibus
prope Morales, Scha]]ner 242 (GH, MEXU, NY). STATE UNKNOWN: Gregg 354
(GH).
The varietal epithet is chosen in reference to the expanded inflorescence.
17. Stevia ovata Willd. var. t e x a n a Grashoff, var. nov. Fig. 11.
Foliis lanceolatis apice acutis vel acuminatis basi cuneatis, petiolis non alafis 2.02.5 cm longis, venis primariis albis in pagina inferiore elevatis, inflorescentiis valde
foliosis, bracteis alternis, phyllariis 4.5-5.0 mm longis apice obtusis, flosculis dilute
roseis, acheniis pauci-aristatis diversa.
Distribution: Chisos and Chinati mountains of Texas and scattered mountainous
areas of northwestern Coahuila, flowering in August and September.
TYPE: UNITED STATES: TEXAS: Brewster Co.: Lost Mine Peak, ca. 7300 ft,
12 Sep 1961, D. Correll & M. C. Johnston 24497 (HOLOTYPE: LL).
Additional specimens examined: MEXICO: COArlUILA: W side of Potrero de
la Mula, ca. 20 km NW of Ocampo, I. M. Johnston 9259 (GH); Sierra del Pino,
2-10 mi N of camp at La Noria, I. M. Johnston & Muller 583 (GH). UNITED
STATES: TEXAS: Brewster Co.: Mt. Emory, Chisos Mts., Correll 13695 (LL,
NY); Lost Mine Peak, Correll & M. C. Johnston 24513 (LL), 24518 (LL);
Boot Springs, Cory 7227 (GH); Chisos Mts., Marsh 143 (F), Mueller 8186 (F,
GH, NY, TEX, UC, US); Upper Cattail Canyon, Mueller s.n. (GH); Basin along
upper trail to Laguna, Sperry 413 (LL, US); Juniper Canyon, Sperry 507 (US);
Laguna, Warnock 413 (TEX); above Boot Springs, Warnock 7600 [7066] (TEX);
near entrance into La Laguna from the Basin, Warnock 9667 (LL); Boot Springs
area, Warnock 18693 (MSC). Presidio Co.: in canyon of Chinati Mountains ca.
3 mi SE of Russell Menzies [sic] ranch house, Hinckley 4166 (SMU).
8
\TERBES!NA
P H YT O L OG 1 A
Vol. 63, No. 1
MACVA!.Xilill B. L. Turner , sp. nov.
&_ i!1m.SÜ(Ql¡~
affinis sed laminis abrupte petiolatis et
capitulis multo parvioribus flosculis radii et disci numerosioribus
differt.
Sh.rubs or robust perennial herbs 1-4 m high. Stems appressed
hispid to glabrate, seemingly wingless or variously narrow winged,
or merely auriculate at the base of petioles. Leaves opposite
be low , alternate above {rarely opposite throughout on secondary
branches); petioles 1-3 mm long; blades 8-25 cm long, 1.5-4.5 cm
wide, sparsely appressed hispid along the veins, otherwise
glabrous, the margins irregularly finely serrulate. Heads 10-60
arranged in somewhat congested terminal corymbs, in flower mostly
over-topped by the leaves, at anthesis the ultimate peduncles 3-10
mm long. Involucre small, 2-3 mm high, 2-4 mm wide; bracts 9-15,
imbricate, c¡labrous or nearly so, grading into the chaff which are
abruptly apiculate and scarsely recurved. Ray florets pistillate,
yellow, mostly 1-3, rarely 4; lic¡ules 3-4 mm long, ca 2 mm wide.
Disk florets 15-30; corollas yellow, 2-3 mm long, the tube ca 0.6
mm l ong, pubescent, the lobes ca 0.5 mm long, glabrous. Anthers
brown. Achene body ca 2.5 mm long, ca 1.3 mm wide, narrowly
ciliate-winged; pappus of 2, readily deciduous, awns, 1.0-1.7 mm
long.
TYPE: MEXICO. OAXACA: Steep mountainsides ca 80 km SSW of
Sola de Vega on the seaward side of the pass 25 km above S. Gabriel
Mixtepec, Mpio. de Juguila, in "transition from pine to deciduous
forest with E.in~
gtm@s", 1450-1700 m, 11 Feb 1965, & M~XP.Y9l'!
_22_4QO (holotype LL).
J\dditional Collections Examined: MEXICO. 0!\J\N:A: San Juan
Luachao, 80.5 km N of Puerto Escondido, ca 1670 m, 22 Dec 1984,
CQw¡m m¿ (MEXU, TEX); 3 km NW of San Jose del Pacifico, along the
road to Puerto Angel, ca 2400 m, 8 Nov 1970, Crongyist i ~
1P89l
{GH, TEX, US); 17 km NE of Piedra Larga, Mpio. de Juquila, ca 1260
m, 22 Nov 1982, ~ MgJ"tinez .§:~
~
2TI.4 (MEXU, TEX).
A=rding to label data (M¡;Vau,qb ~;
~
.1935), Verbs~
is a perennial herb 1-1.5 m hiqh. Cronquist and Fay,
however, describe it as a sh.rub 1-4 m high with leaves alternate to
occasionally almost opposite. Indeed, Martinez describes the plant
as an "arbusto", the specimen at my hand possessing opposi te leaves
throughout, these appearing on very slender secondary branches with
unusually small heads.
ro~gyhi
Y~Q§?Pª
magv_gyghii clearly relates to ~
~S&sti(ola
{Benth.) Blake, which also occurs in Oaxaca, but the latter has
much larger heads wi th longer more numerous rays and the blades
t aper onto the petiole.
The former is perhaps closer to ~
qllm;i,picolg McVaugh of Jaliso which is readily distinguished by its
1987
Turner , Mex ica n
V~
b~Lna
9
pe cul i ar spatu l a te o uter invo lucra l bracts which exceed those of
the i nner .
It is a p leasure t o name thi s species for i ts f i r st collector,
Roger McVaugh, a trul y monumental wor ker on Mexico Oompositae and
upon whose broad "shoulders" I have stood more than ooce.
)rnBI3ES I NA MEXIAE; B. L. Turner , sp. nov.
~
b:mg
g lgycª~
a ffi nis sed fl osculis radii pistillatis
fe r ti l ibus, a nt he ri s f usc i s , e t involucell o bra cteis externis
appre s s i s brevioribus.
Shrub o r s mall tre e 1-3 (6) m t all. Stems wi ngless, de n sely
appressed white-pubescent, appearing ashy- white when yo~mg
, tannish
with a ge. Leaves oppos ite throughout, 5- 16 cm long, 1-3 cm wide ;
pet iol es 1-3 mm l ong; blades narrowly oval to ovate-oval, pinnat ely
ve ined, bicolored , densely canescent (ashy-white ) below, moderately
canescent and da rk-gre en a bove, the margi n s ent i re t o wea k l y
ser rulate. Heads narrowly campanulate , 15- 50, in t erminal rotmded
corymbs 5- 15 cm a cross , 3-7 cm high, the ult imate peduncl e s mostly
3-15 mm l ong. I nvolucr e i mbrica t e , 2-3(4) seriate, the outer
serie s appresse d and much s ho rter than t he inne r; bract s 1-6 mm
l o ng, t he inner usuall y da r k (rarely yello wish) and somewhat
viscid , acute. Receptacle hem i spher ic, pubescent, abou t 1.5 mm
high and 1.5 mm across, the bra ct s linear wit h yellowi sh, erect
apices. Ray florets (3)5-8, pistillate, fertile; ligules yellow,
6-10(12) mm long, 3- 5 mm wide. Di sk flor ets (15 )20-45 ; co r o lla s
yellow, yellow-orange or pale ora nge (acc o r di ng to label da t a ),
pubescent, 4.5-5.5 mm long, t he t ubes ca 2 mm long , the lobes ca
0. 5 mm long, pubesc ent. Anthers b r own . Ac henes 2.5-3.5 mm l o ng,
appressed hispid on both faces and along the margins, the wings
very narrow (0.1-0 . 2 mm ) or seemingly absent; pappus of of 2,
readily deciduous, ciliate awns, 2-3 mm long.
TYPE: MEXICO. GUERRERO : Distrito Mina, Las Lumbreras,
understory in p i ne forest , 2050 m, 3 Jan 1938, Ynes Mexia 9069
(holotype LL; isotypes LL, US).
Additional Specimens Examined:
MEXICO.
GUERRERO:
Tlacotepec, 66.6 mi NE Atoyac , 2580 m, 19 Dec 1984, Q~ap
421&
(MEXU, TEX); ca 10 km W Camotla, 2500 m, 1 Dec 1963, f:@~mg
l§.J.O
(TEX); Galeana, Teotepec, 330 m, 25 Dec 1937, HipJ;_on ~
&k_!ll2 6
(GH, LL, US). MEXICO STATE: San Jose Xoconusco , 9 Feb 1978 ,
~a:tve
;r t .!.m (LL ) ; Los Macher o s, 19 Feb 1978, calvW 1 045 (LL ).
MICHOACAN: 6-7 mi N of San Pedro Aguare, 21 Mar 1949, Mcyaugh 22.1!1
(LL, US ). OAXACA : 29 mi SW Tlaxiaco, 26 Oct 196 5, 8000 f t ,
~onguist;
_g_ ~
~
(GH, TEX).
~
widespread
PJ~'SÁ
~by¡pglY?<ª
g~
is obviously closely relat e d to the
Sch.-Bip. e x Klatt o f easte rn Mexico but
1973]
JONES:
VERNONIA SECTION EREMOSIS
105
ters. Involucres campanulate, 6.8 (6-8) mm high, 2.8 (2.5-3) mm wide. Phyllaries
arachnoid to glabrate, imbricate, brown-purple in color, the tips acute .to acute-apiculate; inner phyllaries oblong, 5.2 (3.5-6) mm high, 1.7 (1.3-2.1) mm wide; outer
phyllaries triangular-ovate, 2 (1.6-2.7) mm high, 1.2 (1-1.5) mm wide. Corollas 7.78.4 mm long, glandular. Anthers 2.9-3.2 mm long. Achenes minutely pubescent, concave on one side, 2.8 mm long, with ca. 9 fibs. Pappus white; inner bristles 7.1 (6.8
7.2) mm long; outer bristles 1 (0.7-1.2) mm long.
This species occurs in rocky oak woods on Sierra de San Felipe in Oaxaca as shown
on the distribution map in Fig. 13. Flowering and fruiting occur in November and
December. Vernonia tarvhonanthi]olia is easily distinguished by its narrow ellipticlanceoIate leaves tha~t are covered below with grey tomentum. Representative specimens examined include:
MEXICO: OAXACA: 20 kin NE Oaxaca, sobre la carretera a Ixfl~n de Juarez, Rzedowski 19259
(MEXU, MXCH, TEX) ; Sierra de San Felipe, Pringle 6156 (MICH, MO, UC), Smith 314 (MEXU,
MO, TEX).
12. V e r n o n i a m a e v a u g h i i S. B. Jones, sp. nov. ~YPE: M E X I C O : OAXACA: 4.1
mi S Puebla-Oaxaca State line and 6 mi N of Huajuapan de Le6n, Jones
21664 (HOLOTYPE: GA!).
Frutex arborescens 2-2.5 metralis, caulibus tomentosis. Folia 11-12 cm longa, 5-6
cm lata (longitudinis cum latitudine rafione ca. 2) infra medium dilatata, ovata, supra
glabra, infra tomentosa, apicibus acutis et apiculatis, basibus obtusis, marginibus
integris et revolutis; petioli ca. 1-2 cm longi. Inflorescenfiae hemisphaericae. Capitula
uniflora, sessitia, arcte fasciculata. Involucra campanulata, 4.7-7 mm longa, 2.5-2.9
mm lata. Phyllaria tomentosa et arachnoideo-ciliata, imbricata, stramineo-purpurea,
eis interioribus oblongis, 5-5.5 mm longis, 1.5-1.8 mm latis, eis externis ovatis, 2 2.5
mm longis, 1.3-1.6 mm latis, apicibus acutis vel acuminafis et apiculatis. Corolla 9-10
mm longa, lobis glandulosis. Antherae 4.2-4.5 mm longae. Achaenia glandulosa, ca.
9-nervata, ca. 3 mm longa. Pappi setae albae, eis interioribus 7-7.5 mm longis, eis
externis 0.5-1 mm longis.
This species, known only from NW Oaxaca as shown in Fig. 13, grows in shallow soil
over limestone and is associated with oaks and palms. Flowering occurs in February
and fruiting in March. Vernonia macvaughii has glandular achenes, whereas the
achenes of V. paniculata are pilose. In addition, V. macvaugkii differs from V. tarchonanthi]olia in the number of flowers per head. The only specimen seen other than the
type was the following: M E X I C O : OAXACA: 8 km SW Tlaxiaco, McVaugh 22288
( M I C H ) . This species is named in honor of Dr. Rogers MeVaugh, who first collected
this plant.
A photograph of the holotype is shown in Fig. 14.
13. VERNONIA STEETZlI Sch. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. Herald 297. 1856. TYPE:
M E X I C O : Sierra Madre, Seemann 1997 specimen sinistrum (HOLOTYPE:
K, as photo M I C H ! ).
Cacalia steetzii (Sch. Bip.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 2: 971. 1891.
Eremosis steetzii (Sch. Bip.) Gleason, Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 4: 230. 1906.
Monosls /oliosa Benth. P1. Hartw. 19_ 1839. TYPE: MEXICO: JAzlSCO: Bolafios, Hartweg
133 (EOLOTYPE: K, as photo MICH! GA!; ISOTY~E: LD!).
Vernonia ]oliosa (Benth.) Sch. Bip. Pollichia 18119: 161. 1861, non Gardn. 1846.
Eremosis ]oliosa (Benth.) Gleason~ Bull. New York Bot. Gard. g : 228. 1906.
Vernonia, mucronata Blake, Contr. Gray Herb. 52: 19. 1917. (based on Monosis ]oliosa Benth.).
Vernonia steetzii var. callilepis Sch. Bip. in Seem. Bot. Voy. Herald 297. 1856. TYPE: M E X ICO: Sierra Madre, Seemann 1997 specimen dextrum (~OLOTYPE: K, as photo MICH!).
106
BRITTONIA
FIG. 14. Photograph of the holotype of Vernonia macvaughii S. B. Jones,
[VOL, 25
A New Species of Hedyotis (Rubiaceae) from Jalisco, Mexico
Edward E. Terrell
Department of Plant Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, U.S.A.
ABSTRACT.
Hedyotis macvaughii, a new species
from Jalisco, Mexico, is described and compared
with related taxa. It is a small wiry-stemmed perennial herb with filiform leaves, small funnelform
flowers, and non-crateriform seeds.
Among specimens lent by MICH was a previously unnamed species collected by Rogers McVaugh in Jalisco, Mexico. It is here described as a
new species of Hedyotis.
Hedyotis macvaughii Terrell, sp. nov. TYPE:
Mexico. Jalisco: steep mountain sides 3•10
km generally E on the road to Mina del Cuale
from the junction 5 km NW of El Tuito, Mpio.
de Cabo Corrientes, elev. 850-1150 m, 16-19
Feb. 1975, R. McVaugh 26426 (holotype,
MICH). Figures 1, 2.
Herba perennis rhizomata. Caules 15-20 cm alti erecti.
Folia filiformia. Inflorescentia diffusissima. Corolla alba
infundibuliformis 3.0-4-.5 mm longa. Capsulae subglobosae 1•2 mm longae. Semina 0.3-0.5 mm longa compressa
ellipsoidea hilo punctiformi in crista ventrali.
Perennial herbs with slender rhizomes. Stems
15•20 cm tall, subterete, erect, very slender, wiry,
glabrous, widely and diffusely branched, intemodes
numbering ca. 5-6. Leaves 6-20 mm long, 0.3•0.7
mm wide, filiform, with 2 inconspicuous grooves
beneath, obtuse, glabrous above and beneath. Stipules to 1 mm long and wide, inconspicuous, entire
or few-toothed. Inflorescences widely spreading,
diffuse, to ca. 15 cm wide, with many filiform
branches, flowers heterostylous, in many 2•5-flowered cymes, pedicels filiform, to ca. 15 mm long.
Calyces glabrous; lobes 4, 0.4•0.8 mm long, 0.20.5 mm wide, broadly lanceolate, obtuse. Corollas
4-lobed, 3.0-4.5 mm long, funnelform, white; tubes
2.0•2.7 mm long, 0.5-0.6 mm wide at base; lobes
1•2 mm long, 0.5•1.5 mm wide, ovate. Anthers 4,
ca. 0.5-0.8 mm long. Pollen colporate type A. Stigmas 2-branched, ca. 0.5 mm long, linear. Pin flowers with stigmas slightly exserted at corolla throat,
anthers located at Vi-Vi point of corolla tube. Thrum
flowers with anthers slightly exserted at corolla
throat, stigma not seen. Capsules 1•2 mm long and
wide, subglobose, thin-walled, straw-colored, %-%
inferior, apices rounded or truncate, dehiscence loNOVON
6: 128-130. 1996.
culicidal. Seeds several per capsule, 0.3-0.5 mm
long, 0.2-0.35 mm wide, brown, dorsiventrally
moderately compressed, in outline broadly elliptic,
oblong, or ovoid, sometimes irregularly angulate,
non-crateriform, dorsal side almost smooth or obscurely reticulate, convex, ventral side finely reticulate, hilum punctiform on acentric hilar ridge,
ridge obtuse or acutish, low to rather high, testa
with aréoles single or double walled. Chromosome
number unknown.
Hedyotis macvaughii (spelling in accordance
with Greuter et al., 1994: Rec. 60 C.4.(a)) is somewhat geographically isolated from related species
that occur to the eastward in Mexico, as there are
no records of Hedyotis or Houstonia species occurring in Jalisco, Colima, Michoacán, or Nayarit
(Standley, 1918; Terrell, 1991).
The new species is distinct in its morphology. It
is a small wiry-stemmed perennial herb with filiform leaves and small funnelform flowers (Fig. 1).
The seeds (Fig. 2) lack any kind of ventral depression or cavity, hence are non-crateriform. They are
moderately dorsiventrally compressed and have a
punctiform hilum on a low to rather high hilar
ridge. These seed characters ally the new species
with Hedyotis rather than Houstonia, which has crateriform seeds, or Oldenlandia, which has distinctive 3-angled (trigonal) or conic seeds (Terrell,
1991).
Lewis (Terrell et al., 1986) recognized three
types of pollen aperture structure, based on the extent of thinning of the nexine in the equatorial region. Two of these types, colpororate and colporate
type B, occur in Houstonia, whereas Hedyotis and
Oldenlandia have predominantly colporate type A.
For Hedyotis macvaughii, Lewis (pers. comm., May
1995) reported the occurrence of colporate type A
pollen.
There are three species that superficially resemble or might be confused with Hedyotis macvaughii:
Hedyotis asperuloides Bentham, Houstonia palmen
A. Gray, and Houstonia longifolia Gaertner. Hedyotis asperuloides of Baja California, Mexico, is a
small annual with corollas 3-11 mm long, anthers
1.0-1.3 mm long, stigma branches 1.0-1.4 mm
long, capsules 1.3-5.0 mm long that are turbinate,
Volume 6, Number 1
1996
Terrell
Hedyotis macvaughii from Mexico
- ~o :*42&
Figure 1.
Holotype (MICH) of Hedyotis macvaughii Terrell, with inflorescence enlarged (top).
129
130
Novon
gifolia Gaertner of the U.S. and Canada (including
H. tenuifolia Nuttall of the southeastern U.S.).
These Houstonia species differ from Hedyotis macvaughii in several characters, including their longer
corollas (usually 4•10 mm or in H. palmeri to 15
mm long) and crateriform seeds with a linear hilar
ridge centered in a ventral depression (cup-shaped
in H. palmeri).
The main body of Hedyotis species are Asian,
being most numerous in India and China, and are
related to H. fruticosa L., the type species (Jarvis
et al., 1993). Terrell (1991) recognized about 20
species of Hedyotis in North America, of which 19
occur only in the southwestern U.S. or Mexico. The
20 species are diverse in morphology and differ
variously from the Asian species. They remain in
Hedyotis pending further study.
This new species is named for its collector, Rogers McVaugh, who has contributed much to our understanding of the Mexican flora.
Acknowledgments. I thank the curator of MICH,
W. R. Anderson, for loan of the type specimen. W.
P. Wergin helpfully provided access to the SEM
laboratory at the U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Beltsville, Maryland. I am grateful for use of the
botanical facilities at the University of Maryland
(courtesy of J. L. Reveal) and the Department of
Botany, Smithsonian Institution. The determination
of the pollen type by W. H. Lewis is much appreciated. J. J. Wurdack corrected the Latin description. This is Scientific Article No. A-6639, Contribution No. 8857, of the Maryland Agricultural
Experiment Station.
Figure 2. Scanning electron micrographs of Hedyotis
macvaughii seeds (from holotype). •A. Ventral view
showing punctiform hilum on hilar ridge, X150, bar =
200 /urn. •B. Enlarged view of hilum and testa aréoles
(cells), X500, bar = 100 p.m.
oblong, or elliptic, and seeds with a larger rounded
hilar ridge. Hedyotis macvaughii also somewhat resembles Houstonia palmeri (including H. longipes
S. Watson) of northern Mexico and Houstonia lon-
Literature Cited
Greuter, W., F. R. Barrie, H. M. Bürdet, W. G. Chaloner,
V. Demoulin, D. L. Hawksworth, P. M. j0rgensen, D. H.
Nicolson, P. C. Silva, P. Trehane & J. McNeill. 1994.
International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Tokyo
Code). Regnum Veg. 131.
Jarvis, C. E., F. R. Barrie, D. M. Allan & J. L. Reveal.
1993. A List of Linnaean Generic Names and their
Types. Koeltz Scientific Books, Königstein, Germany.
Standley, P. C. 1918. Rubiaceae-Oldenlandieae. N.
Amer. Fl. 32(1): 17-39.
Terrell, E. E. 1991. Overview and annotated list of North
American species of Hedyotis, Houstonia, Oldenlandia
(Rubiaceae) and related genera. Phytologia 71: 212•
243.
, W. H. Lewis, H. Robinson & J. W. Nowicke.
1986. Phylogenetic implications of diverse seed types,
chromosome numbers, and pollen morphology in Houstonia (Rubiaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 73: 103•115.
Volume75, Number4
1988
Stevens
Matelea subg. Dictyanthus
1545
25
FIGURE
AM.Ilauta
* M.pavonhi
* M.hamata
400 KM
FIGURE 6.
Distributionsof Matelea lauta, M. pavonii,and M. hamata.
Matelea macvaughiana W. D. Stevens;M. pavonii
1853; Anonymous,1853; Anonymous,1857;
caulibusannuiserectisvel
a qua imprimis
differt
Anonymous,
1862). The plantsprobablyoriginated affinis,
lenitervolubilibuset caudice perenniligneo,pagina folii
fromone or two introductions,
but littlereliable laevi, pedunculisplerumquebrevioribus(0-16 mm),triinformation
was provided.
chomatibuslongispedunculorumet pedicellorumrectis,
This is the most commonspecies of subgenus tubocorollaebreviore(9-12 mm e basi ad sinum),denDictyanthusand exhibitsconsiderablefloralvari- tibuslateralibusloborumcoronae duobus parvis et pronumerosioribus.
ationthroughout
its range. The mostconspicuous minentiisfolliculorum
variationis in the backgroundcolorof the corolla
Plants erect to occasionally twining.Stems 20and in thecolorand densityofcorollareticulations,
85
cm long, with an herbaceous or woody caudex
but the basic colorpatternis essentiallyconstant.
4
cm long and 2 cm wide, this with thin to
to
The presenceor absence of teethon the septum
connectingthe corona lobe to the gynostegium moderatelythickcorkybark, occasionally withshort
appearsto have some geographicalbasis,all ofthe woody stems above caudex, these with or without
toothed specimens occurringfrom Jalisco and thincorky bark, herbaceous stems withdense short
northward, but untoothed specimens occur trichomes, sparse to dense glandular trichomes,
throughoutthe range. In some populations,ex- and sparse to dense straight long trichomes to 3
amples can be foundwithprominentteeth,with mm long, these thin and often broken offon lower
and older stems. Leaf blade ovate to wide-ovate or
verysmallteeth,and withno teeth.
5. Matelea macvaughiana W. D. Stevens,sp.
nov. TYPE: Mexico. Jalisco:moistslopes-'near
Guadalajara (betweenEl Castilloand Juanacatlan,fideDavis, 1936, p-.199), 5 Aug. 1902
(fl),Pringle 8629 (holotype,MSC; isotypes,
ENCB, F, G(4), GH, L(2), MEXU, MO, NY,
P, PH(2), POM, UC, US(2), VT, W).
Figure7.
rarely narrow-ovate or very wide-ovate, 30-95
mm long, 21-72 mm wide, with sparse to dense
uncinate long trichomes, surface smooth, smaller
veins sharply raised below, apex acuminate to attenuate, base lobate, lobes mostly descending to
widely divergent, with 2-6(-8) acropetiolar colleters, margin often somewhat thickened and revolute; petiole 9-37(-48) mm long, withdense short
trichomes, sparse to dense glandular trichomes,
Annals of the
MissouriBotanical Garden
1546
40,F7_
/C
71~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Volume75, Number4
1988
Stevens
Matelea subg. Dictyanthus
and sparse to dense uncinatelong trichomes.Inflorescenceoftenreducedto a singleflower(then
withor rarelyapparentlywithouta rudimentary
peduncle);peduncleabsent-16 mm long,withindumentumof stem or occasionallywithlong trichomes nearly absent; bracts linear to lorate or
lanceolate,(2-)4-7 mmlong,abaxial surfacewith
dense shorttrichomes,sparse to dense glandular
or uncinate
trichomes,
and sparseto dense,straight
long trichomes,adaxial surfaceglabrousor with
scatteredshorttrichomes
distally;pedicel(5.5-)820 mmlong,withindumentum
of peduncle.Calyx
lobes lanceolateto narrow-ovate,
8-12 mm long,
3-4.5 mm wide,apex attenuate,with1(2) colleter(s)beloweach sinus,abaxial surfacewithdense
short trichomes,sparse to dense glandulartrichomes,and sparse to dense, straightor uncinate
long trichomes,adaxial surfaceglabrous.Corolla
campanulate,base to sinuslength9-12 mm,limb
revolute;lobes 9-17 mm long, apex roundedor
occasionallyobtuse,patent,marginrevolute;glabrouswithinexceptlimband lobeswithmoderately
dense to dense shorttrichomes,indumentum
outside ofdenseshorttrichomeson tubeand limband
denseuncinatelongtrichomes
sparseto moderately
on limband lobes; tubeconvolutedwiththe raised
parts oppositethe corona lobes and sacs formed
betweenthem; withgray or black verticallines
withinthe tube, these becomingcircularon base
of limb and reticulateon distalpart of limb and
lobes. Coronalobes (6-)7-9(-10) mmlong,linear
in outline,connate at base,
to linear-spathulate
thissepadnateby.a thinseptumto gynostegium,
tum continuingas a narrowridgeabout halfthe
lengthof the lobe and witha pair of small thick
teeth lateral to the upper marginnear center.
Gynostegium
(2.5-)3-4 mmhighand (3-)4-5 mm
wide at apex, stipitate,apex broadlyconvex or
nearly apiculate, the center apparentlyslightly
shorterthan to equalingthe corpuscula.Corpusculum0.23-0.26 mmlong,0.12-0.15 mmwide,
pollinia1.46-1.68 mmlong,0.43-0.49 mmwide.
Folliclesca. 83 mmlong,ca. 20 mmwide,striped
pale and darkgreen,withdenseshortand glandular
with118-144 arcuateprojectionsto 3
trichomes,
mmlong.Seeds 5.5-6 mmlong,ca. 4.5 mmwide,
witha raised,faintlyradiallygroovedmargin,this
entireor weaklytootheddistally,insidethismargin
both sides flator slightlyconvex,both sides verrucateto rugose,one side witha slightridgefrom
apex to near center,pale brown;coma 25-30 mm
long.
1547
July1912
JALISCO: Huejotitan,
Paratypes.MEXICO.
(fl),Diquets.n.(MICH(2, onemixedwithMateleapavonii),P, US); ranchnearCoyula(nearTonaki)ca. 12
mi.E ofGuadalajara,
July1963 (fl),Faberges.n.(TEX);
on Hwy.15,
wetseepagearea 23 mi.S ofGuadalajara
5,300ft.,13 July1963(fl),Molseed& Rice220 (ARIZ,
nearGuaMEXU,MICH,MO, NY, UC); wetmeadows
according
to Davis,1936,p. 118),
dalajara(El Castillo,
22 Aug.1893 (fl),Pringle5431 (GH,VT). Michoacdn:
roadsidethickets,
cultivated
fields6-7 kmN ofJarip6,
1,600 m, 1 Dec. 1970 (fr),McVaugh24934 (MICH,
MSC).
The knowncollectionlocalitiesare essentially
centeredin the regionof Lago de Chapala at an
elevationof about 1,600 m (Fig. 10). Apparently
in seasonallywetmeadowsand grasslands;
growing
habitand ground-level
the erector weaklytwining
withthisopentype
perennating
partsare consistent
of vegetation.FloweringJuly-August.Specimens
fruitcollectedin December.
withmature-sized
This species is named in honorof Dr. Rogers
contributions
to the
McVaughforhisextraordinary
floraof the partof Mexico in whichthisspeciesis
found,not the least of whichare the many fine
specimensof Matelea.
It is somethingof a quirkthatthisspecies rethespecies,
Woodsonrecognized
quiresdescription.
oftheMO specimen
butaccordingtohisannotation
of Pringle 8629, he consideredit to be Matelea
dictyanthaWoodson,a new name based on Rytidoloma reticulatumTurcz. This apparentlyresultedfromthefactthatthetwoPringlecollections
as Dictyanthus
ofthisspeciesweremisdetermined
reticulatus(Turcz.)Bentham& Hookerf.ex Hemsley(actually"DictyanthusreticulatusTurcz. (ex
char.)" in the case of Pringle 5431 and "DictyanthusreticulatusB. & H." in the case of
Pringle 8629). Woodson, in providingthe new
name, cited both Turczaninow'sname and type
(Jdrgensen692), leaving no question-as to the
applicationof the name. Jiirgensen692, which
Woodson apparentlynever examined,represents
anotherspeciesofMatelea, whichaccordingto his
FIGURE 7.
Representativefeatures of Matelea macvaughiana.-A. Flower (Pringle 8629, US). -B. Living
flower,ca. same scale as A, negative takenftom color positive, courtesyof Dr. Robert W...Cruden.-C. Fruit
(McVaugh 24934, MICH).-D.
Inflorescencereduced to a single flower (past anthesis), withouta bract to
indicate the presence of a peduncle-contrast with more typical inflorescenceof A (Pringle8629, VT).-E.
Caudex (McVaugh 24934, MICH).
1548
Annals of the
MissouriBotanical Garden
annotationshe did not recognize,but whichmust
neverthelessbear the name M. dictyantha.This
leftthe specieshe did recognizewithouta description,type,or name, whichare herewithprovided.
Matelea macvaughiana is likelyto be confused
of
withMatelea pavonii because of the similarity
the shape and color patternof the corolla but is
by havinga cauamplydistinct,mostprominently
dex, an erect or weakly twininghabit, straight
ratherthan uncinate long trichomeson several
smallerflowerson morereducedinflostructures,
rescences,pairedlateralteethon the coronalobes,
absentaroundthe corona lobes, and
indumentum
more numerousand arcuate projectionson the
follicles.
spathulatein outline,connateat base, adnate by
Gynostegiumca.
a thin septumto gynostegium.
4.5 mm high and 3 mm wide at apex, stipitate,
apex apiculate, the apiculumca. 0.5 mm long,
equalingcorpuscula,shriveledand apparentlypapillatewhendried.Corpusculumca. 0.33 mmlong,
0.20 mm wide, polliniaca. 1.27 mm long, 0.40
mm wide. Fruitand seeds unknown.
Knownonlyfromthe typecollectionin lowland
in July.
Colima(Fig. 6), flowering
This new species appears to be closest to M.
by
distinguished
pavonii but can be immediately
the patternof reticulationsof the corolla. Most
ofthisspecies
inflorescence
andfloralmeasurements
meaare notablysmallerthan the corresponding
surementsof M. pavonii, and the glabrouscalyx
6. Matelea lauta W. D. Stevens,sp. nov. TYPE:
and outersurfaceof the corollaare unique in the
Mexico. Colima:steepravinesin gorgeof Rio
the single collectionwas
subgenus.Additionally,
near bridge13 mi. N of Santiago,
Cihuatlagn,
lower elevationthan any
made at a significantly
200-300 m, 27 July 1957 (fl), McVaugh
knowncollectionof M. pavonii.
15826 (holotype,MICH). Figure8.
a M. pavonii 7. Matelea standleyana Woodson, Ann. MisMatelea lauta W. D. Stevens;differt
pedunculis
corolla,habitatione,
ordinatione
venationes
souri Bot. Gard. 28: 237. 1941, based on
bracteis
floribusque
parvioribus;
brevioribus,
pedicellisque
tigrinusConzatti& Standley.
Dictyanthus
a speciebus
omnibus
calyceetpasubgeneris
Dictyanthi
DictyanthustigrinusConzatti& Standleyin
corollaeglabrafaciledignoscenda.
ginaexteriore
Standley,Contr.U.S. Natl. Herb. 23: 1183Plants twiningvines. Stems woodybelow,with
1184. 1924, notMatelea tigrina(Grisebach)
thick corkybark, herbaceous stems withdense,
Woodson. TYPE: Mexico. Oaxaca: Dist. Tuxtrichomes
andsparsestraight
short,sparseglandular
tepec, Laguna de Ojitla'n,350 m, 31 Oct.
or uncinatelong trichomesto 1 mm long. Leaf
1919 (fl),Conzatti 3760 (holotype,US; isobladeovateto wide-ovate,107-130 mmlong,71type,GH). Figure9.
88 mmwide,indumentum
of sparseuncinatelong
Plants twiningvines. Stems herbaceous and
trichomes
above and denseuncinatelongtrichomes
rhizomesslightly
woody
below, surfacepusticulatealong the veins, apex lackingbark,or sometimes
acuminate,base lobate,lobes descendingto widely and withthincorkybark;rhizomesthin,horizontal;
divergent,with4-6 acropetiolarcolleters;petiole stem indumentumof sparse to dense short and
of stem. Pe- glandulartrichomesand sparse to very sparse
47-81 mm long, withindumentum
to 1.5 mmlong,thesevery
longtrichomes
dense short straight
duncle 1-4 mmlong,withmoderately
brittleand mostlymissingfromspecimens.Leaf
and glandulartrichomes;bractslanceolate,2.5-5
mm long, withsparse shorttrichomesabaxially, bladewide-ovateto verywide-ovateor occasionally
adaxiallyglabrous;pedicel 3-4.5 mm long, with ovate, 48-104 mm long, 36-102 mm wide, inabove
ofsparseuncinatelongtrichomes
moderatelydense shortand glandulartrichomes. dumentum
Calyx lobes lanceolate,8-9.4 mm long,2-3 mm and dense uncinatelongtrichomesbelow,surface
wide, apex acute, with one colleterbelow each smooth,apex acuminateto attenuate,base lobate,
sinus,glabrous.Corollacampanulate,base to sinus lobes mostlyconvergentto descending,with1-7
length15-18 mm,limbpatent;lobes 14-18 mm acropetiolarcolleters;petiole 35-112 mm long,
long,apex acute,patent,marginrevolute;glabrous withsparseto dense shortand glandulartrichomes
or uncinatelong
withinexceptwithsparseshorttrichomeson lobes and sparseto verysparse,straight
and in a linearoundcoronalobes,glabrouswithout; trichomes.Peduncle5-18(-25) mmlong,withintube convolutedwiththe raisedpartsoppositethe dumentumof stem or oftenwithlong trichomes
coronalobes and deep sacs formedbetweenthem; absent;bractslinearto lanceolate,2-6 mm long,
longtrichomes;
verticallines withintube, these withdenseshortand sparsestraight
withgray-brown
of stem.
reticulateon pedicel7-16 mmlong,withindumentum
becoming? angularlyand uniformly
oroccasionallylanceolate
limband lobes. Coronalobes 7-8 mmlong,linear- Calyxlobesnarrow-ovate
93
Stamens included, 1.0-2.0 cm long, the anthers 3-3.5 mm long, the basal hairs about
0.75 mm long. Style 2.6-2.8 cm long, the stigmas 2, globose, 1 mm in diameter. Capsule
2-locular, 4-valved, the valves 7-10 mm long, the seeds 4, covered with soft hairs up to
0.75 mm long.
JALISCO: Gently sloping pastured hills near km 647, ca 5 road-miles south-west of
Santa Cruz de las Flores, elev. 1550 m, 24 Aug 1957 ,McVaugh 16308 (MICH, holotype);
mountains north of Autlán, 3-5 miles above Mina San Francisco (Cia. Minera de Autlán),
tropical deciduous forest zone with Bursera, Ceiba, Jpomoea, Triumfetta, elev. 15001650 m, 5 Oct 1960, McVaugh 19931 (MICH); dry, shrub-covered slopes 9 miles south
of Autlán toward La Resolana, 13 Aug 1949, Wilbur & Wilbur 2309 (MICH).
This species belongs to a group of which Jpomoea purga is typical.
FIG. 6. lpomoea mcvaughii, drawn from the type by Jan McCarthy. Flowering branch X 0.9;
opened corolla X 1; calyces X 1.5.
94
Ipomoea mcvaughü McPherson, sp. nov.
Fig. 6.
Ab alüs speciebus inflorescentüs aggregatis et subtentis foliis viridibus bracteis
similibus distinguenda.
Woody vine. Young stems smooth, glabrous; older stems ridged, glabrous. l..eaves
various, the blades ovate, entire, typically 5-13 cm long, 3- 8 cm wide, acuminate at the
apex, cordate at the base, bearing 6-8 large veins on either side of the midrib, glabrous
throughout or pubescent along the margin with stiff hairs up to 0.5 mm long; petioles
0.5-7 cm long, glabrous; first leaf, and sometimes the second, of each branch usually
much smaller than adjacent leaves, sessile or subsessile (the petioles 0-2 mm long); leaves
subtending flowers separated by short internodes (0-1 .0 cm long), their blades 1.5-5 cm
long, 1-3 cm wide, their petioles 0.5-4 mm long. lnflorescences axillary, each cyme consisting of 1-3 flowers, these cymes clustered in groups of 4-8 flowers at the ends of
branches. Peduncles 0.5-1 mm long, glabrous. Bracts ovate to lanceolate, 1.5- 3 mm
long, about 0.75 mm wide, carinate, glabrous. Pedicels 3.5-4 mm long, ridged, thickened
distally, glabrous. Sepals elliptical or obovate, unequal (the outermost 6.5-9 mm long,
2-2.5 mm wide, the innermost 11-13 mm long, 4.5-5.5 mm wide), acute or obtusemucronate at the apex, often somewhat asymmetrical, subcoriaceous, glabrous or more
typically pubescent along the margin, the hairs up to 0.5 mm long. Corollas more or less
funnelform, 5-7.5 cm long, 1-1 .5 cm in diameter at the base of the limb, 3- 4 cm in
diameter across the limb, pink with paler throat and interplical regions and white base,
glabrous, twisted in bud. Stamens included, 3.5-4.5 cm long, the anthers 3- 3.5 mm
long, the basal hairs about 1 mm long, Style 4 .5-5 cm long, the stigmas 2, globose,
about 1 mm in diameter. Capsule unknown.
OAXACA: Steep slopes in pine forests, 5-6 km northeast of Putla, road to
Tiaxiaco, elev. 850 m, 6 Feb 1965,McVaugh 22268 (MICH, holotype).
This species, like Ipomoea noctulifo/ia, belongs to a group of which l. purga is
typical, and is most nearly related to l. bracteata and l. suffulta, which also have inflorescences subtended by modified leaves.
lpomoea perpartita McPherson, sp. nov.
Fig. 7.
Ab alüs speciebus pariter folüs palmatis gaudentibus combinatione foliorum lobis
etiam centralibus in lobis minoribus denuo furcatis cum segmentis ultimis foliorum
linearibus distinguenda.
Woody vine 2- 3 m long. Young stems smooth, glabrous; older stems ridged,
glabrous. l..eaf blades round to somewhat flattened in general outline, 1- 3 cm long,
2-3 cm wide, deeply palmately 5- 7 lobed (the basal two lobes on one side of the leaf
sometimes shortly joined proximally), the lobes themselves 1-1.5 cm long, 0.4-1.5 cm
wide, each consisting of 3-9 linear segments 1-8 mm long, 0.3-0.6 mm wide, glabrous,
and arranged more or less pinnately along the lobe axis; petioles 0.2-1.2 cm long, glabrous; pseudostipules, apparently the reduced leaves of tiny, axillary branches, sornetimes present. Inflorescences axillary, eaeh cyme consisting of 1- 3 (- probably more)
flowers. Primary peduncles 20- 55 mm long, glabrous; secondary (more distal) peduncles
4- 5 cm long, glabrous. Bracts ovate-lanceolate to elliptical, 1.5-3.0 mm long, 1-1.5 mm
wide, acute or obtuse-mucronate at the apex, carinate, glabrous. Pedicels 8- 12 mm long,
ridged, usually thickened distally and often markedly thicker than the peduncle, glabrous.
Sepals ovate-lanceolate to elliptical, unequal (the outermost 3.5- 5.5 mm long, 2-2.5 mm
wide, the innermost 6-7.5 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide), acute to obtuse-mucronate (the
muero up to 0.5 mm long) at the apex, carinate and often basally roughened, subcoriaceous with thinner, often white margins, glabrous. Corolla funnelform, 3-4 cm
long, 2.5 cm in diameter across the limb, "white, purple in the tube, the 5 radiate lines
violet outside" (collector's notes), glabrous, twisted in bud. Stamens included, 1.3- 1.9
38
BRITTONIA
[VOL. 12
It is always interesting to speculate upon such past history, but it is possible
that the actual events in the development of this group took place quite differently. The story presented above, however, seems to fit best the picture of the
phylogeny previously described (Brittonia 9:170).
TWO NEW SPECIES OF CUSCUTA FROM NORTH AMERICA
T. G. YUNCKER
DePauw University, Greeneast]e, Indiana
Cuscata warneri Yuncker, sp. nov. (Fig. 1).
Caules tenuissimi. Flores 5-divisi, circa 2 mm longi, perpapillosi, pedicellis
brevioribus quam flores; calycis lobi triangulari-ovati projecturis apicalibus
divergentibus crassis acutis corniformibus, projecturis quoque ad bases admodum
minoribus; corolla tubo campanulati-suburceolato, lobis deltoideo-ovatis ad apices
inflexis; scalae oblongae ad apicem truncatum dentatae; capsula globosa non
circumscisilis longitudinaliter tenuiter striata, collare calciformi ad apicem; styli
tcnues breves.
Stems filiform; flowers white, fleshy, 5-parted, about 2 mm long when mature,
in few-flowered glomerules, on pedicels scarcely 1 mm long; calyx strongly
papillate-hispidulous, reaching to above the middle of the corolla tube, divided
to about the middle, the lobes triangular-ovate, each lobe thickened apically to
form a large, prominent, divergent, acute, cone-shaped or hornlike projection
0.5-0.75 mm long, also with a low, small, rounded corresponding projection at
the base ; corolla papillate-hispidulous, especially downward, the lobes triangularovate, acute, the margins slightly irregularly denticu~ate, suberect to strongly
inflexed-connivent, slightly projecting and angular at the base of the sinuses,
about half as tong as the campanulate-suburceolate tube at maturity; stamens
shorter than the corolla lobes, incurved, the anthers ovoid, about as long as the
slightly subulate filaments; infrastamineal scales thin, oblong, sparingly toothed
at the truncate apex, bridged low, scarcely reaching the stamens; capsule globose,
indehiscent, rather thin and finely longitudinally striate when mature, with a
prominent, thickened, shallowly 4-lobed, cup- or collar-like apex, enveloped by
the corolla when mature ; styles slender, scarcely exceeding the collar, the stigmas
globose; seeds commonly 2 in each capsule when mature, oval, flattened on one
side, about 1.5 mm long, the hilum punctiform, the embryo with two coils, gradually thickened toward the anterior end.
Type: vicinity of Flowell, 15 miles west of Fillmore, Millard County, Utah,
10 Sep 1957, on Phyla cuneifolia (Torr.) Greene, Lloyd Warner s.n. (UTC) ; a
duplicate in DPU.
FIG. 1. (above). Cuscuta warneri Yuncker. a, flower; b, interior view of opened
corolla; c, interior view of opened calyx; d, individual infrastamineal scale; e, capsule; f,
seed. (enlarged). FIG. 2 (below). Cuscuta macvaughii Yuncker. a, flower; b, interior view
of opened corolla; c, interior view of opened calyx; d, individual infrastamineal scale; e,
capsule; f, seed. (enlarged).
BRITTONIA 12: 38--40. J a n u a r y 1960.
1960]
YUNCKER : CUSCVTA
39
40
BRITTONIA
[VOL. 12
The material upon which this species is founded was forwarded to me by
Arthur H. Holmgren, Curator of the Intermountain Herbarium. It has proven
to be a most interesting and indeed unique species. The very prominent hornlike
projections of the calyx, the papillate flowers, the strongly inflexed corolla lobes,
and the globose capsule, with an unusually prominent collarlike apex and short
styles, differentiate this species from any other known to me. It appears remarkable that such an outstanding species should have escaped discovery until now.
It is named for the collector.
Two other species which bear projections on the calyx are C. runyonii Yun.,
of Texas, which bears spurlike projections only at the base, and, C. boldinghii
Urb., of Latin America, which has comparatively small and quite differentappearing projections at the apices of the lobes. It appears that C. warneri is
more closely allied with C. indecora Choisy of subsection Indecorae, with which
it agrees in its fleshy and papillate corolla with inflexed lobes, than with any
other known species. It differs strongly from that species, however, in the characters as described.
Cuscuta macvaughii Yuncker, sp. nov. (Fig. 2).
Caules brevi fastigiati. Flores 5-divisi, circa 2 mm longi a basi ad eorolae
sinum, longe pedicellati; ealycis lobi triangulares acuti; corolla campanulata,
lobis angustato-lanceolatis acuminatis; stamina lobis corollae breviora; scalae
oblongae fimbriatae; styli tenues et multo longiores quam ovarium; capsula
globoso-depressa, circumscissilis.
Stems orange, in the present specimen very short (1-2 cm), erect, fastigiate,
terminating in a loosely paniculate inflorescence, the stem and inflorescence
branches irregularly roughened-papillate; flowers smooth, cream-colored, 5parted, about 2 mm long from the pedicel to the base of the corolla lobes, or up
to 5 mm to the end of the lobes when erect, in axils of lanceolate bracts on pedicels up to about as long as the flowers; calyx rather thin and glossy when dry,
divided to about the middle, the lobes triangular, acute, about reaching the
corolla sinuses, at most only slightly overlapping at the base; corolla campanulate, becoming somewhat globose about the maturing capsule, the lobes narrowly
lance-acuminate, longer than the tube, upright to reflexed; stamens more than
half as long as the corolla lobes, the anthers oblong-subovate, apically papillateapiculate; infrastamineal scales oblong, reaching to the base of the filaments,
bridged below the middle, fringed throughout; stigmas globose-capitate, on slender, exserted styles much longer than the globose-obovoid ovary, the capsule
somewhat tardily circumscissile, depressed-globose, surrounded by the withered
corolla, 4-seeded; seeds ovoid, flattened on two sides, the hilum nearly perpendicular.
Type : in pasture I mile west of San Juan de los P1Manos, between San Juan
and Amatlfin (Sta. Ana), Miehoacfin, Mexico, elev. 275 m, 17 Sep 1958, on
Oken~ia sp., Rogers McVaugh 17970 (MICH, a duplicate in DPU).
This species is most closely related to C. desmouliniana Yun., of subsection
Umbellatae, with which it agrees in many respects. It differs in the much larger
flowers, longer styles, and short, erect, fastigiate stems forming the rather large
and loosely branched inflorescence. In the type specimen there is no evidence
of the customary, elongated and twining Cuscuta-type stem. It is named for
the collector.
Cordia macvaughii, A New Species of Boraginaceae from Western Mexico
Author(s): James S. Miller
Reviewed work(s):
Source: Systematic Botany, Vol. 11, No. 4 (Oct. - Dec., 1986), pp. 579-582
Published by: American Society of Plant Taxonomists
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2419036 .
Accessed: 14/05/2012 16:24
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of
content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms
of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.
American Society of Plant Taxonomists is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to
Systematic Botany.
http://www.jstor.org
Systematic
Botany(1986), 11(4): pp. 579-582
? Copyright1986 by the American Society of Plant Taxonomists
Cordia macvaughii, A New Species of Boraginaceae from
Western Mexico
JAMES S. MILLER
Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299,
St. Louis, Missouri 63166
ABSTRACT.
Cordia macvaughii is an uncommon species of section Cerdanaeand is known only
from the western Mexican states of Jalisco and Michoacan. It differsfrom other species in the
section in having a large paniculate inflorescencecovered with a downy-velutinousindumentand
corolla lobes thatare wider than long.
In the process of examining collections of
Cordiafora revisionof the genus in Mexico and
Central America (Miller 1985), three collections were found to be distinctfromall known
species in section Cerdanae.All three of these
novel collections were made by ProfessorRogers McVaugh and it gives me great pleasure to
name this attractivenew species, C. macvaughii,
in his honor.
Cordiasection Cerdanaeis characterizedby a
unique type of fruitthat is dry,single seeded,
thin walled, and capped by the cartilaginous
base of the persistentstyle.The corolla is marcescent and the entire flower persists, little
changed in form, until wind dispersed. The
most recent treatmentof the species of Cordia
section Cerdanaein Mexico and Central America is that of Ivan Johnston(1950) in which he
recognized 13 species. He treatedthe group as
section Gerascanthus,
but an earlier name, section CerdanaeRoemer and Schultes, has priority.Of the species in western Mexico, the majorityhave veryrestricteddistributionsand are
usually known fromonly a few localities. This
seems to be true of C. macvaughii
as well, which
is known only fromthree collections fromJalisco and Michoacan. During Januaryand Februaryof 1982 and 1983 I was unable to locate
this rare species at the localities where it had
been previously collected. All species in this
section are quite showy when flowering,but
this occurs over a veryshortperiod of timeand
entire populations flowersynchronously.I am
publishing this name in advance of the revision forthe genus in the hope that workersin
this region may locate additional populations.
Cordia macvaughii James S. Miller, sp. nov.
(fig. 1).-TYPE: Mexico, Jalisco,steep hillsides west of Magdalena, 15 km above Plan
de Barranca,with Acacia,Bursera,elev. 1250
m, 8 April 1965,RogersMcVaugh23505 (holotype: MICH!).
Arborad 10 m alta; folia decidua; petioli 1.82.6 cm longi, supra caniculati; lamina elliptica
ad late elliptica,ad 14 cm longa, infrapuberula;
inflorescentiaterminalis,paniculata, velutina.
Flores heterostyli;calyx tubularis, 7-10 mm
longus, cum 5 dentibus acuminatis, 0.5-1 mm
longis, manifeste 10-costatus;corolla marcescens, alba, 5-lobata,lobis maxime late ovatis ad
late depresso ovatis; stamina 5, filamentispubescentibus; pariete fructusfibroso.
Tree 6-10 m tall, twigs glabrous. Leaves deciduous; petioles 1.8-2.6 cm long, broadly sulcate on the adaxial surface,puberulent; blade
elliptic to widely elliptic, 13.3-13.9 cm long,
6.6-10.4 cm wide, apex obtuse to rounded, base
obtuse to acute, margin entire, upper surface
glabrous to strigillose,lower surface densely
puberulent.Inflorescenceterminal,paniculate,
15-22 cm broad, usually with 200 or more flowers,branchesdowny-velutinous.Flowers distylous, the pedicels 1.2 mm long; calyx tubular,
7-10 mm long, 2.5-4.0 mm wide at the mouth,
prominently 10-ribbed, velutinous, nearly
truncate,with 5 acuminate teeth 0.5-1.0 mm
18long; corollamarcescent,white,funnelform,
23 mm long, 5-lobed, the lobes very widely
ovate to widely depressed ovate, 6-7 mm long,
6-9 mm wide, the tube 8-11 mm long; stamens
5, filaments11-21 mm long, the upper 5.5-11
mm free,thickened,and pubescent just above
the point of insertion,anthersoblong, 2-3 mm
long; ovarycylindrical,1 mm long, 1 mm broad,
glabrous; disc very widely obovoid, 1 mm tall,
1 mm broad, glabrous; style10.5-17.0 mm long,
stylarbranches 1.0-2.5 mm long, stigma lobes
clavate; fruitenclosed by the persistentcalyx
579
580
[Volume 11
SYSTEMATIC BOTANY
1 cm
1 cm~_
1cm
drawn fromRogersMcVaugh23505(MICH).
FIG. 1. Cordiamacvaughii,
leaves. C. Detail of flower.
and corolla, wall thin,fibrous,maturefruitnot
seen.
This is a well marked species of Cordiasection Cerdanae.It differsfromthe other species
A. Floweringbranch. B. Branchwith
in the section in having a large, paniculate,
many-floweredinflorescence,the branches of
which are covered with a characteristicdownyvelutinous pubescence, corolla lobes that are
1986]
MILLER: CORDIA
wider than long, velutinous ratherthan pubescent to villous calyx, and rather large, broad
leaves. Like other species in section Cerdanae,
C. macvaughii
is distinctlyheterostylous,
the type
collection representing the long-style form.
This species is deciduous, floweringonly after
the leaves fall.For this reason,only threeleaves
are represented among the specimens I have
examined. It is possible that the leaves of C.
macvaughiiare more pubescent on the upper
leaf surfacethan the descriptionindicates. The
581
leaves presenton the typeare old, and in other
species of the section, the pubescence often
breaks offleaving only the persistentbases of
the hairs by the time the leaves are shed. The
collection from Michoacan has considerably
smaller flowersthan the two collections from
Jaliscoand also the floweringtime is about two
months earlier. As the species that occur in
westernMexico are oftenconfused,a key to the
Mexican species of Cordiasection Cerdanaefollowing Miller (1985) is included below.
1. Plants with evident ant domatia in the base of the inflorescence;indument of stellate hairs ..........
1. C. alliodora
.................................................................................
1. Plants lacking ant domatia; indument of unbranched hairs.
2. Staminal filamentsglabrous.
3. Corolla lobes oblong, longer than broad, the sides parallel or nearly so.
4. Inflorescencecondensed, nearly umbellate .......
2. C. globulifera
...........................
4. Inflorescenceexpanded, paniculate ........
3. C. gerascanthus
...............................
3. Corolla lobes ovate to depressed ovate, broader than long, the sides not parallel.
5. Calyx 6.5-8 mm long
4. C. igualensis
......................................................
5. Calyx greaterthan 9 mm long.
6. Calyx villous, the hairs usually concealing the ribs .........
.............. 5. C. morelosana
6. Calyx with only minute hairs, the ribs evident.
7. Undersurfaceof leaves arachnoid-tomentose......
6. C. guerckeana
....................
7. Undersurfaceof leaves glabrous ........
7. C. gracilipes
...............................
2. Staminal filamentspubescent.
8. Corolla lobes oblong, parallel sided or nearly so ......
3. C. gerascanthus
.......................
8. Corolla lobes deltate or depressed ovate to widely depressed ovate, not parallel sided.
9. Corolla lobes deltate,acute at the apex ................
8. C. megalantha
.....................
9. Corolla lobes depressed ovate to widely depressed ovate, rounded at apex.
10. Calyx less than 11.5 mm long, indument of calyx of short hairs.
11. Plants floweringwith leaves; leaves glabrous,ellipticto narrowlyelliptic .. 9. C. tinifolia
11. Plants floweringwhile leafless; leaves puberulent on the lower surface, elliptic to
widely elliptic ..............
10. C. macvaughii
..................................
10. Calyx greaterthan 11.5 mm long, indument of calyx various or lacking.
11. C. colimensis
12. Calyx glabrous ..................
.................................
12. Calyx pubescent to villous.
13. Tree erect,with a distinctcentralleader; leaves glabrous,ellipticto lanceolate ......
12 .C. sonorae
.................................................................
13. Tree spreading,withouta centralleader; leaves scabrouson the upper surface,elliptic
5. C. morelosana
...............................................................
Cordiamacvaughii
is perhaps mostcloselyrelatbut differsfromit in having
ed to C. igualensis
pubescentfilamentsand a velutinouscalyx,rather than a calyx with only scattered,shortblack
hairs. The inflorescenceof C. macvaughiimost
closelyresemblesthatof C. alliodorabut differsin
lackingthe ant domatiaat the base of the inflorescence that are so characteristicof the latter
C. macvaughii
lacks the
species,and furthermore,
stellatehairstypicalof C. alliodora.
Specimensexamined: MExIco. Jalisco: between La
Venta de Nochititlicand Barranquitas,on sides of barranca,in heavilywooded areas along the Tepic-Guad-
alajara highway,elev. 950 m, R. McVaugh12044 (GH,
MEXU, MICH). Michoacan: hills in deciduous forest
now nearlyleafless,between Rio Tepalcatepecand Arteaga,along the highwaysouthfrom"CuatroCaminos"
(3 km southof Nueva Italia and 30 km east of Apatzingan); 40 km northof Arteaga,with Bursera,
Caesalpinia,
Lemaireocereus,
Ipomoea,elev. 700 m, R. McVaugh22535
(ENCB, MICH).
I would liketo acknowledgethe
ACKNOWLEDGMENTs.
MissouriBotanicalGarden and the Herbario Nacional
at the UniversidadNacional Autonoma de Mexico for
support and assistance.In particular,advice and encouragmentwas providedby JohnD. Dwyer,PeterH.
Raven,AlwynH. Gentry,and Mario Sousa. Pedro Ten-
582
SYSTEMATIC BOTANY
orio L. accompanied me during two months of field
studyin westernMexico and his help was invaluable.
I am also gratefulto mywife,Leslie,who providedthe
illustration.I also thank JohnD. Dwyer who helped
with the Latin descriptionand PorterP. LowryII who
read the manuscriptand provided many helpfulcomments.I also thank the curatorsof the followingherbaria for providing specimens on loan: ENCB, GH,
MEXU, and MICH.
[Volume
11
LITERATURE CITED
I. M. 1950. Studiesin the BoraginaceaeXIX.
JOHNSTON,
B. Cordiasection Gerascanthus
in Mexico and CentralAmerica.J.Arnold Arbor.31:179-187.
MILLER,
J.S. 1985. Systematicsof the genus Cordiain
Mexicoand CentralAmerica.Ph.D. dissertation,
St.
Louis Univ.,St. Louis, Missouri.
1976]
I-IOLMGREN :
MEXICAN CASTILLEJA
203
FIG. 5. Map of west-central Mexico showing distributions of Castilleja mcvaughii (open circle)
and C. pterocaulon (closed circles).
in southern Durango and adjacent Sinaloa, in the Sierra Madre Occidental between
Ciudad Durango and Mazatl~n (Fig. 3); apparently flowering year round, but
more commonly between September and November.
Francis W. Pennell, in his customary fashion, assigned the field-book name "C.
liniJolia" to a collection of this taxon made by Cyrl H. Harvey (no. 18473). Harvey
was with Pennell in Mexico in 1934, apparently as the (Pillsbury) expedition photographer.
5. Castilleja mcvaughii N. Holmgren, sp. nov. (Fig. 4)
Foliis integris saepe reflexis calycisque antice quam postice altius sagitaliter fissi segmentis
prirnariis integris emarginatisve C. tenuifloram Benth. simulans, sed ab ea habitu elato (1-2 m)
fruticoso foliisque glabris diversa.
Profusely branched shrubs up to 1-2 m tall; stems stout, the basal stems up to
2 cm in diam., bearing leafy fascicles and short, small-leaved branches in leaf axils;
herbage glabrous; leaves filiform, entire, 1-2 cm long; inflorescence racemose, rela-
204
BRITTONIA
[VOL. 28
tively congested, the flowers spreading to ascending; bracts linear, small, gradually
becoming smaller above, green; pedicels 3-10 mm long, ascending, not appressed;
calyx 20-25 mm long, glabrous, puberulent on the inside, yellow at the base, the
distal % red, orange-red, or sometime all yellow, slightly gibbose in front (abaxial),
the posterior (adaxial) cleft 2-7 mm deep, the anterior (abaxial) cleft 12-18 mm
deep, the primary lobes rounded to emarginate; corolla 29-36 mm long, the galea
16 20 (-22) mm long, puberulent and greenish on back, red at the margins and tip,
the lower lip reduced with small incurved teeth, dark brownish-red to dark green,
often exserted through the anterior (abaxial) calyx cleft, the tube 11-15 mm long,
yellowish; anthers 2.2-3 mm long; capsules 9-12 mm long, ovoid.
TYPE: MEXICO. JALISCO: Sierra de Manantlfin, 25 30 km SE of AutlAn, along
lumber road E of road crossing called "La Cumbre" between E1 Chante and Cazalapa,
19~
104~
locally abundant in pine forests, summits of high S-facing
cliffs, 2750 m elev., 20 21 Mar 1965, R. McVaugh 23124 (~IOLOTYPE: MICH;
ISOTYPE: NY).
PARATYPES: MEXICO. JALISCO. All collections from Sierra de Manantlfin: about
24 km SE of Autlfin, barranca in pine forest on upper slopes above stream-bed, in
mountains near trail from Chante to Rancho ManantlAn, 2400-2600 m elev., 12 Apr
1949, R. McVaugh 10244 (MICH, NY); 24-32 km SE of Autl/m, near Aserradero
E1 Cuartdn, locally abundant on dry rocky hills near summits in pine-oak-fir forests,
2500 melev., 2 Nov 1952, R. McVaugh 13857 (MICH, NY) ; same locality as type,
"an occasional pale form with calyx yellow at base and green corolla lip," R. McVaugh 23124A (MICH, NY) : 25 km S of E1 Chante, abundant on and below bluffs,
2600-2700 m elev., 5 Feb 1975, R. McVaugh 26147 (MICH).
Habitat and distribution: In pine-oak-fir forests, on rocky bluffs, and summits
of the Sierra de Manantl/m at elevations between 2400 and 2750 meters, 15-30 km
southwest of AutlAn (Fig. 5).
This lovely, profusely flowered shrub may be the most striking and largest known
species of Castilleja. It is with great pleasure that I name this species in honor of
its discoverer, Dr. Rogers McVaugh, who has collected extensively in Jalisco and
neighboring states in connection with his work on the Nueva Galicia flora.
Ortegae Group
6. CASTILLEJA ORTEGAE Standley, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Bot. Ser. 11: 174. 1936.
TYPE: MEXICO. S~Z,'ALOA: Tapiquahuiz, Munlcipio de San Ignacio, alt. 475 m, in moist soil,
May 1931, J. G. Ortega 6850 (HOLOTYPE: F; ISOTYPE: US).
Herbaceous perennials; stems 3-7.5 (-10) dm tall, weakly ribbed by decurrent
leaf bases, sometimes branched above the base, sometimes bearing fascicles of short
leaves in leaf axils; herbage hirsute, sometimes scabrous, the hairs ascending, replaced
by glandular hairs in the inflorescence; leaves narrow-elliptic to linear-lanceolate,
entire, 1.5-3.5 cm long, pale green, 1- to weakly 3-ribbed, usually blunt-tipped,
spreading to reflexed; inflorescence a secund raceme, the flowers spreading at right
angles; bracts oblanceolate, entire, red, glandular-pubescent: pedicels 2-8 (-15) mm
long, more or less ascending; calyx (15-) 18-23 (-27) mm long, glandular-pubescent
with spreading hairs, the upper ~ red and the base green, slightly gibbose in front
(abaxial), the posterior (adaxial) cleft 3-6 (-8) mm deep, the anterior (abaxial) cleft
6-11 mm deep, the primary lobes broad, entire, emarginate or cleft up to 1 mm deep;
corolla (23-) 27-33 mm long, yellow, the galea 8-10 (-12) mm long, glandularpuberulent on back, the lower lip dark green, reduced with incurved teeth, the tube
17-22 mm long; antkers 1.7-2.8 mm long; capsule 6-10 mm long, ovoid; n = 12.
202
BIqlTTONIA
FIG. 4. Castilleja mcvaughii N. Holmgren:
X 1; c, opened calyx, X 1.
a, habit of branch, X
[VOL. 28
8 9 b, flower and bract,
(MICH); 16 km SW of E1 Salto, along Highway 40, 2800 m elev., 24 Jun
1964, G. Miek & K. Roe 105 (WIS) ; Highway 40, at Km 1080, 2620-2640 m elev.,
25 Jun 1966, E. Molseed 400 (ARIZ, MEXU, MICH, MO, N Y , UC); 27 km SW
of E1 Salto on road to Santa Lucia, 22 Sep 1953, G. B. Ownbey & R. Ownbey 1872
(MICH); Highway 40, 13.5 km W of La Ciudad, on heavily wooded slopes, associated with pine, oak, and numerous shrubs, 26 Sep 1973, J. L. Reveal & N. D.
Atwood 3524 (NY, MEXU, US); Highway 40, 23 km W of La Ciudad on steep
volcanic slopes associated with pine and oak, 27 Sep 1973, 1. L. Reveal .& N. D.
Atwood 3562 (US); 28.2 km W of E1 Salto, 2620 m elev., 18 Oct 1965, H. D.
Ripley & R. C. Barneby 14173 (CAS, NY, US); 50 km W of E1 Salto, 0.2 km E
of Puerto Buenos Aires, 2600 melev., 29 Dec 1970, R. Spellenberg & M. Spellenberg
2512 (NMC, NY); 16 km W of E1 Salto on Mazatl~n Highway, 2620 m elev., 31
Aug 1957, R. M. Straw & D. P. Gregory 1267 (MICH, RSA). SINALOA: Rancho
de la Nevada, San Ignacio, 1050 m elev., 9 Sep 1918, M. N. Montes & A. E. Salazar
560 (V).
Habitat, distribution, and phenology: Moderately dry to mesic forests and woodlands of oak, pine and madrofio, from 2000 to 2800 meters elevation; known only
11526
Contr. Univ. Mich. Herb. 14:57-60. 1980.
CARLOWRIGHTIA MCVAUGHII: A POLYMORPHIC SPECIES
FROM SOUTHWESTERN MEXICO
Thomas
F. Daniel
University of Michigan
Carlowrightia (Acanthaceae) is a relatively small genus of shrubs and perennial
subshrubs which range from the southwestern United States into northern Costa Rica.
During my study of this genus, it became apparent that several collections from south-
western Mexico represented an undescribed and highly variable species.
Carlowrightia mcvaughii T. F. Daniel, sp. nov.
Planta suffruticosa, usque ad
mm
longae,
m alta. Caules glabri vel pubescentes. Foha petiolata
(0.5—)
centia thyrsiformis usque ad
mm
1—2.
1—4 mm longi; laminae ovatae vel cordiformes, (20—)
(7-) 15-40 mm latae, 1 .3-2.8-plo longiorae quam latiorae. Inflores-
vel subsessilia; petioli
30-70
1
Figs.
30 cm longa; thyrsus saepe glandulosus. Flores
mm
pedicellis
longus. Corolla alba,
Calyx quinquelobus, (4-) 5-7 (-10)
longa.
longa. Capsula glabra, 10-13
pallide rosea, vel pallide purpurea, 13-16
lata; testa granulata, tuberculata.
Semina ovalia, 4.8—5.5 longa, 3.5—4.2
0.5-4 (-7)
longis.
mm
mm
Erect to spreading suffrutescent perennial to
woody caudex to
Numerous woody roots
tuous
15
mm
in
diameter or a
originating
above,
essentially
m
tall, arising
from
to 8
a stout to tor-
mm
in diameter.
from the caudex. Older stems woody,
Younger stems green or purplish, ridge-angled
multistriate
1
woody rhizome
mm
glabrous
to
pubescent,
with a
0.05—0.2
frequently
strigillose-pubescent understory, the trichomes eglandular, erect to retrorse,
mm
glabrate.
to quadrate (to terete) below, terete to
variously
long, and a strigose overstory of infrequent to dense, flexuous trichomes to 1.5
long, or with one layer of pubescence greatly elaborated with respect to the other.
internodes (20—)
60—90
mm long, upper
petiolate to subsessile. Petioles (0.5—)
internodes
1—4
mm
35—60
mm long.
mm
Lower
Leaves ascendant,
long, pubescent like younger stems.
Laminas ovate to cordiform, (acute) truncate to subcordate to cordate at base, acuminate
mm
mm
wide, 1.3—2.8 times longer
long, (7—) 15—40
to acute at apex, (20—) 30—70
long,
than wide, reduced acropetally into lanceolate to linear-subulate bracts, 2—12
0.5—3.5
wide; margins entire, flat, strigose-ciliate, the trichomes bent, 0.5—1.5
long; laminar surfaces minutely puberulent to densely strigose; several orders of venation
evident on both surfaces. Inflorescence a terminal, leafy thyrse to 30 cm long; thyrse axis
either glabrous, strigose -pubescent with eglandular, retrorse to erect trichomes, 0.05—0.5
long, or strigose-pubescent with an overstory of scattered to dense, capitate
long. Flowers in lateral dichasia to 10 cm long, pedicellate from the
glands, 0.3—0.8
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
long. Bractlets of the dichasia 1.5—16
of 2 bractlets, the pedicels 0.5—4 (—7)
long, 0.3—5 cm wide, the lowermost lanceolate, the uppermost linear-subulate.
5—7
like inflorescence axis; tube
long,
pubescent
deeply
5-lobed,
Calyx
(4—)
(—11)
axil
mm
mm
mm long; lobes subulate, 3.5—8 (—9.5) mm long. Corolla bilabiate, whitish to light
light purple with 2 faint, rose-colored lines on the upper lip, 13—16 mm long,
strigillose on outer surface; tube 3.5—4 mm long, 1.5—2 mm in diameter; upper Up
spatulate, 9—11.5 mm long, 2—3 mm wide, entire at apex; lower lip 10—12.5 mm long,
trilobate, the lobes obovate-elliptical, 7—8.5 mm long, 2—3 mm wide. Stamens 8—8.5
0.5—2
pink or
57
58
FIG.
c,
calyx
X
1.
Carlowrightia mcvaughii, drawn from the type by Karin Douthit. a-b, habit X 0.5;
open capsule X 3.5; e, seed X 5;f, disc and ovary X 10; g, style apex and stigma X 50;
removed, showing insertion of stamens X 3; i, anther X 10.
5; d,
h, corolla with upper lip
59
mm
long; filaments
becoming
distinct
from the corolla just below the lobes on the lower
mm long, glabrous or pubescent especially near the base, the trichomes
mm long; thecae parallel, subequally inserted on filament, 1.5—2 mm long. Disc
mm long. Ovary glabrous; style terminal, 10-14 mm long, glabrous or pubescent
especially near the base, the trichomes 0.1—0.4 mm long; stigma terminal on style, capitate to minutely bilobed, the lobes to 0.2 mm long. Capsules stipitate, 10-13 mm long,
glabrous, scabridulous; stipe 3—5 mm long; head elliptical, laterally compressed, 7—8 mm
mm long; retinacula 2 mm long. Seeds usually 2 per
long, including a terminal beak to
7—7.5
0.1—0.2
0.7—0.8
lip,
1
when mature,
oval, laterally compressed, obliquely
wide; testa granulate, tubernotched at chalazal end, 4.8—5.5 mm long, 3.5—4.2
culate; margins dentate.
Type: MEXICO. Jalisco: Precipitous S-facing mountainsides 4 mUes NNEof Talpa
de Allende, elev. 1450-1500 m, 12-13 Oct 1960 flr & frt. McVaugh 20105 (MICH,
capsule, white
or turning black
mm
holotype).
Rowering: August through November and probably sporadically during other
months as well. Fruiting occurs simultaneously.
leaf shape
calyx
length
|»|>
m
'
i
nfl.
FIG.
2.
+-I-M
Pubi.
Distribution and variation of Carlowrightia mcvaughii. See text for explanation.
caul
pubi
60
Distribution and habitat: Carlowrightia mcvaughii is known to occur from southern
Nayarit southeastward along the western escarpment of the Sierra Madre Occidental in
Jalisco and eastward into Michoacan and Guerrero. The species is found sporadically to
abundantly on wooded slopes
in the sandy or clay loams of the oak forest zone at eleva00 to 2000 meters.
Although Carlowrightia is primarily a genus of arid and semiarid associations,
C. mcvaughii appears to be a mesophyte. It differs from other species in the genus by the
combination of its large, ovate to cordiform leaves, well-developed and leafy thyrses,
tions of II
long calyces, white to hght pink or purple corollas, and oval, tuberculate seeds. With respect to certain features, specimens of C. mcvaughii illustrate a high degree of variation.
Figure 2 shows the variation of character states (in each case proceeding from the center
of the axis to
its
periphery) encountered in seven specimens of C. mcvaughii with respect
1 mm), leaf shape (ovate, ovate to
subcordiform, subcordiform to cordiform, cordiform), cauline pubescence (glabrous,
understory pubescence with httle or no overstory pubescence, understory and overstory
to the following characters: range of calyx length (4-1
pubescence, overstory pubescence with httle or no understory pubescence), and inflorescence pubescence (glabrous, eglandular-pubescent, glandular-pubescent). Vesture is
the most conspicuous variable with respect to C. mcvaughii. In addition to the variation
the polygons, the styles and filaments may be glabrous, partially pubescent, or
shown on
entirely pubescent.
The pubescence of
these structures, however,
is
often variable from
flower to flower on the same plant.
Despite the polymorphism exhibited by C. mcvaughii, no intraspecific taxa are
recognized since the variation cannot be correlated geographically, ecologically, or altitudinally. Indeed the variability of
C
mcvaughii
is
similar to that
found
in certain
other
species of the genus.
Additional specimens: Nayarit: Mountains 9 mi N of Compostela, elev. 1000-1200 m, 27 Aug
1951, McVaugh 16456 (MICH); mountains 10 mi SE of Ahuacatlan, on road to Barranca del Oro, elev.
1100-1300 m, 11-12 Aug 1959, Feddema 401 (MICH). Jalisco: Precipitous slopes, eastern foothills
of the Sierra del Halo, ca 11-12 km W of Jilotlan de los Dolores, elev. 1300 m, 21 Nov 1970,
McVaugh 24583 (MICH); 13 km S de El Chante, mpio. Autlan, sobre el camino al Aserradero
Tecopatldn, elev. 1450 m, 25 Aug 1976, Rzedowski & McVaugh 1304 (ENCB, MICH). Michoacan:
Cerro Santa Maria, 8-10 km SW of Jiquilpan and ca 5 km NE of Quitupan, elev. ca 2000 m, 8-9 Aug
1959, Feddema 173 (MICH). Guerrero: Taxco, 21 Jul \932, Abbott 290 (GH);Taxco, 31 Aug 1932,
Abbott 369 (GH).
This species
is
named
described several years ago.
in
honor of Dr. Rogers McVaugh, who recognized
it
as un-
PROCEEDINGS
OFTHE
CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
Vol. 46, No. 12, pp. 279-287, 3 figs.
September 11, 1990
NEW AND RECONSIDERED MEXICAN ACANTHACEAE. IV.
By
Thomas F. Daniel
Department of Botany, California Academy of Sciences, Golden Gate Park,
San Francisco, CA 94118
ABSTRAer: Dyschoriste mcvaughii, characterized by its diminutive ha bit, red corollas, and inconspicuously
spurred tbecae, is newly described from western Jalisco. Tbe monotypic genera Ixtlania and Tabascina are
considered to be congeneric with Justicia and tbe new names, J. ixtlania and J. tabascina are provided. A
new combination, Schaueria parviflora, is proposed for tbe species resulting from tbe taxonomic merger of
Streblacanthus parviflorus and Schaueria calycobractea.
Received October 10, 1989. Accepted .January 10, 1990.
lNTRODUCfiON
Ongoing studies ofthe more than 350 species
of Acanthaceae in Mexico continue to necessitate
the description of new and the reevaluation of
previously described taxa. In this report, a remarkable red-flowered species of Dyschoriste is
described for the first time. Recent collections
and studies of two monotypic genera, lxtlania
M. E. Jones and Tabascina Baillon, reveal them
to be congeneric with the large and polymorphic
genus Justicia L. Schaueria calycobractea R . Hilsenbeck & D. Marshall, a species recently described from Veracruz, is shown to be correctly
classified generically but conspecific with the previ ously described Streblacanthus parvijlorus
Leonard from Guatemala and thus in need of
nomenclatura! renovation. Detailed descriptions
are provided for each of these taxa.
Dyschoriste mcvaughii T. F. Daniel, sp. nov.
(Figures 1, 2f)
TYPE.-MEXICO. Jalisco: between Ayutla and Mascota near
summit ofpass, 7-8 mi NW ofLos Volcanes, 30 April 1951 ,
R. McVaugh 12187 (Holotype: MICH!; isotype: US!).
Herba perennis usque ad 1 dm alta. Folia sessilia vel subsessilia petiolo usque ad 2 mm longo, elliptica vel obovata, 418 mm longa, 3-7 mm lata, 1.1-4-plo longiora quam latiora.
Dichasia 1-3-flora , in axillis foliorum distalium sessilia ve l
subsessilia. Bracteolae et bracteolae secundae lineares vel lineares-ellipticae vellineares-oblanceolatae, 5.5-1 1 mm longae,
1-3 mm latae. Calyx 9-12 mm longus lobis tubo 1.4-3-plo
longioribus. Corolla rubra, 34-42 mm longa. Stamina 9-14
mm longa, thecae 1.8-2.4 mm longae, basi inconspicuae calcaratae ve! muticae. Stylus 27-38 mm longus. Capsula 7 mm
longa, glabra.
Perennial herb from woody rhizome to 1 dm
tall , with numerous woody roots. Stems
subquadrate to quadrate-sulcate, densely pubescent with straight to flexuose eglandular trichomes 0. 1-0.3(-0.5) mm long. Lea ves sessile or
subsessile with petioles to 2 mm long, blades
elliptic to obovate, 4-18 mm long, 3-7 mm wide,
1.1-4 times longer than wide, rounded to acute
at apex, rounded to acute to cuneate at base,
surfaces pubescent (especially along veins) like
stems (although the trichomes tending to be more
antrorse), proximal leaves reduced in size, 1.53 mm long. Inflorescence of 1-3-flowered dichasia borne in axils of distal leaves forming a
terminal spicate thyrse, dichasia sessile or sub-
1279)
280
PROCEEDINGS OF THE CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, Vol. 46, No. 12
e
FIGURE l. Dyschoriste mc••aughii. a, habit, x 1.2 (McVaugh 12187); b, leaf, x 4 (Daniel & Bartholomew 4828); e, Rowering
node with leafremovcd showing 3-Rowered dichasium , x 3 (McVaugh 12187); d, calyx, x 5 (McVaugh 12187); e, androecium
in opened corolla, x 5 (Daniel & Bartholomew 4828); f, distal portion ofstamen, x 12 (McVaugh 12187); g, distal portion of
stylc and stigma, x 15 (Daniel & Bartholomew 4828).
DANIEL: MEXICAN ACANTHACEAE
281
FtoURE 2. Scanning e1ectron micrographs of pollen. a, Ruel/ia petiolaris (Nees) T. Daniel (Daniel & Breedlove 4930); b,
Justicia tabascina (Cowan 2860), polar view; e, Justicia ixtlania (Daniel 2070), equatorial view; d, J. tabascina (Cowan 2860),
equatorial view showing surface between 2 trema regions; e, J. tabascina (Cowan 2860), equatorial view showing 1 trema region;
f, Dyschoriste mcvaughii (Daniel4828), equatorial view; g, Schaueria parvij/ora (Trigos 198), equatorial view; h, S. parvij/ora
(Herrera 72), subequatorial view; i, S. parvij/ora (Contreras 11180), equatorial view. Sca1e in c-i same as in b.
282
PROCEEDINGS OF THE CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, Vol. 46, No. 12
sessile with peduncles to 1.5 mm long. Bractlets
and secondary bractlets linear to linear-elliptic
to linear-oblanceolate, 5.5-11 mm long, 1-3 mm
wide, pubescent like lea ves. Calyx 9-12 mm long,
tube 3-5 mm long, hyaline between veins, lobes
subulate, 6-9 mm long, 1.4-3 times longer than
tube, aristate and becoming stiffapicall y, pubescent like leaves. Corolla red , 34-42 mm long,
externally pubescent with flexuose eglandular trichomes, tube 24-33 mm long, slightly curved
and gradually ampliate distally but not differentiated into a well -defined throat , upper lip 911 mm long with 2 subcirculate lobes 4.5-6 mm
long, 4.5-7 mm wide, lower lip 8.5-12 mm long
with 3 lo bes obovate-elliptic to obovate, 8-1 O
mm long, 5-7 mm wide. Stamens didynamous,
9-14 mm long, the two pairs fused for 1-2 mm
at base, thecae 1.8-2.4 mm long, muticous or
with blunt to pointed appendages 0.05--D. l mm
long at base, pollen prolate, 3-colporate, intercolpal regions multi-striate with 5-14 pseudocolpi of irregular lengths, exine minutely verrucate. Style 27-38 mm long, pubesccnt with
eglandular trichomes, stigma filiform , 1.3-1.5
mm long. Capsule ellipsoid, 7 mm long, glabrous. Seeds not seen.
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT.-Centra) and
westem Jalisco (Fig. 3); in disturbed arcas ofoak
and oak-pine forest at elevations from 1,600 to
1,900 m.
PHENOLOGY.-Flowering: March-June.
Emery Leonard annotated McVaugh's collection as an undescribed species of Ruellia L. On
the basis of many of its macromorphological attributes, this species might indeed be mistaken
for Rue//ia . Dyschoriste Nees is usually easily
distinguished from Rue//ia by the presence of
conspicuous pointed appendages at thc base of
each theca which are not known among American Ruellia. In D. mcvaughii these appendages
are inconspicuous or absent. Characters of the
pollen and calyx preclude the placcment of this
species in Ruellia, however. Pollen of Ruel/ia
(Fig. 2a) is spherical and three-porate (Raj 1961 ,
1973). It is best characterized by its homobrochate-reticulate exine. Poli en of Dyschoriste (Fig.
2f) is prolate and three-colporatc. The exine is
verrucate with minute, rounded projections and
striate with multiple pseudocolpi between the
colpi. In Mexican Dyschoriste, the calyx tube is
often prominently angled and hyaline between
the major veins which extend into the lo bes. The
tu be commonly ruptures at maturity in these weak
regions. In most species of Dyschoriste, the calyx
lobes are long attenuate to aristate and become
stiff at maturity. Although there is considerable
variation in calyx form among Mexican species
of Rue//ia, none have a partially hyaline tube
with stiff, aristate lo bes. In features ofboth pollen
and calyx form , the plants described here conforro to other species of Dyschoriste.
The reduced thecal appendages of D. mcvaughii
are an unusual feature in the genus. Anthers of
McVaugh 12187 vary from having blunt appendages to lacking appendages altogether. Daniel and Bartholomew 4828, collected in the same
general region , has anthers with the pointed appendages typical of other species of Dyschoriste.
Elsewhere in the genus, variation of thecal appendages is evident among the Chiapas collections of D. o1•ata (Cav.) Kuntze cited by Daniel
(1 986). In these collcctions, thecal appendages
vary from one or more hairlike projections to a
single stout muero.
K o bu ski ( 1928) re vi sed the American species
of Dyschoriste and recognized 21 species as occurring in Mexico, none of which are similar to
D. mcvaughii. Among the 40 American species
he treated, only D. pringlei Greenman from Jalisco has corollas similar in size to those of D.
mcvaughii. Recent study of D. pringlei for
McVaugh's Flora Nol'o-Galiciana (Daniel, unpublished) reveals that this species differs from
D. mcvaughii by having conspicuously flattened
young stems, the dichasia crowded at or near the
stem apex resulting in a headlike floral cluster,
and blue corollas. A closer relative is undoubtedly D. rubiginosa Ramamoorthy & Wassh., a
species with large reddish corollas recen ti y transferred to Dyschoriste from Hygrophila R. Br.
(Ramamoorthy and Wasshausen 1985). These
two species can be distinguished from all other
Mexican Dyschoriste by their reddish corollas
and they can be distinguished from one another
by the following couplet:
Diminutive perennial herb to 1 dm tall; distal
leaves 1. 1-4 times longer than wide; flowers
1-3 in leaf axils; bractlets straight; corolla
34-42 mm long; thecal appendages absent
or up to 0.1 mm long .......................-. D. mcvaughii
Perennial herb or shrub to 1.5 m tall ; distal
leaves 5-15 times longer than wide; fiowers
more than 3 (up to 16) in leaf axils; bractlets
DANIEL: MEXICAN ACANTHACEAE
283
Á JUSTICIA IXTLANIA
• JUSTICIA TABASCINA
-
~h-'r:
t-_:
~+
k - _:!f~
:S~_;
j.¿ ~y
~
. r-
e
SCHAUERIA PARVIFLORA
'·
FtGURE 3.
Map showing distribution of Dyschoriste mcvaughii. Justicia ixtlania. J. tabascina. and Schaueria parviflora.
usuany conspicuously curved; corona (20-)
25-34 mm long; thecal appendages 0.1-0.2
mm long --··--····---·-····---·--------------··------·····- D. rubiginosa
PARATYPES.-MEXICO. Jalisco: between Ameca and Atenguillo, 14.6-16.2 mi W ofMixtlán , T. Daniel&B. Bartholomew
4828 (CAS); Chiquilistlán, M. Jones 378 (POM, US); La Palma , M . Jones s.n. (POM).
Justicia ixtlania T. F. Daniel, nom. nov.
lx tlania acicularis M. E. Jones, Contr. West. Bol. 15:151. 1929.
TYPE.-MEXICO. Nayarit: Ixtlán [del Río] , 19 February
1927, M. E. Jones 23534 (Holotype: POM! , photo and fragments: US!; isotype: MO!). Not J. acicularis Sw. (1788).
Erect to reclined perennial herb to 3 dm tan.
Stems subterete to subquadrate, sulcate, pubescen! with flexuose to recurved eglandular trichomes 0.5-1.5 mm long, the trichomes evenly
disposed or usuany concentrated in 2 vertical
lines, mature stems often glabrate. Leaves shortpetiolate with petioles 2-11 mm long, blades
somewhat coriaceous, lanceolate to ovate to elliptic (sometimes narrowly so) to subcirculate to
obovate, 12-85 mm long, 11-47 mm wide, 1. 15 times longer than wide, rounded to acute at
apex, acute to rounded to truncate to subcordate
at base, surfaces glabrous or pubescent, margin
en tire to subcrenate, white-canose. Inflorescence
of axinary and/or terminal , densely bracteate,
often clustered spikes (or spikelike th yrses) to S
cm long, rachis pubescent with an understory of
straight glandular and eglandular trichomes to
0.1 mm long and an overstory of longer flexuose
eglandular trichomes, flowers 1 per node. Bracts
sometimes conduplicate, ovate-lanceolate to
lance-subulate, (3-)5-10 mm long, 0.8-1.5 mm
wide, abaxial surface pubescent with an understory of straight glandular and eglandular trichomes to 0.1 mm long andan overstory offlexuose eglandular trichomes 0.2-1 mm long, margin
subscarious and ciliate. Bractlets lanceolate to
lance-subulate, (4-)5 .5-9 mm long, 0.8-1.5 mm
wide, pubescent like bracts. Calyx 5-lobed, 6.59 mm long, lobes divided nearly to base, lanceolate to lance-subulate, pubescent like bracts,
margins scarious, posterior lobe reduced in size.
Corona entirely white to pink-purplish with purple markings on lower lip, 12-16 mm long, externany pubescent with straight to flexuose eglandular trichomes to 0.6 mm long, tube 8-11 mm
Mexacanthus, a New Genus of Acanthaceae from Western Mexico
Author(s): Thomas F. Daniel
Reviewed work(s):
Source: Systematic Botany, Vol. 6, No. 3 (Jul. - Sep., 1981), pp. 288-293
Published by: American Society of Plant Taxonomists
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2418286 .
Accessed: 08/06/2012 13:03
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at .
http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp
JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of
content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms
of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.
American Society of Plant Taxonomists is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to
Systematic Botany.
http://www.jstor.org
Systematic
Botany(1981) 6(3): pp. 288-293
? Copyright1981 by the American Societyof Plant Taxonomists
Mexacanthus, a New Genus of Acanthaceae from
Western Mexico
THOMAS
F. DANIEL
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Arizona State University,
Tempe, Arizona 85281
ABSTRACT.
Mexacanthus
is based on specimens from west-central Mexico and
placed in the Justicieae, Odontoneminae. Its closest relatives appear to be Carlowrightia and Anisacanthus. The only known species, M. mcvaughii, differs from
these genera in several features including the bicolporate pollen.
The Acanthaceae consists of herbs and shrubs with centers of diversity
in the tropics of both the Old and New Worlds. Mexico appears to have
been a secondary center of diversification, possessing several endemic or
nearly endemic genera and many endemic species.
While preparing a treatment of the Acanthaceae for Dr. Rogers
McVaugh's forthcoming Flora Novo-Galiciana, I encountered several interesting specimens from west-central Mexico, representing an undescribed genus with an unusual pollen type. They are described here as
a new genus and species with affinitiesto both CarlowrightiaA. Gray and
AnisacanthusNees.
Mexacanthus mcvaughii T. F. Daniel, gen. et sp. nov., figures 1-3.TYPE: Mexico, Colima, 15-25 km NW of Santiago, on road to Cihuatlan, Jalisco, 16 Mar 1965, McVaugh 23016 (holotype: MICH;
isotypes: ENCB and duplicates to be distributed).
Frutex usque ad 4 m altus. Caules subquadrati; internodia fere glabra
vel parce pubescentia; nodi pubescentes. Folia petiolata; laminae ovatae
vel ellipticae, 30-70 mm longae, 15-35 mm latae, 1.5-2.5-plo longiores
quam latiores, marginibus ciliatis. Inflorescentiae spicatae vel racemosae.
Bracteolae glandulosae. Calyx quinquelobus, extus glandulosus. Corolla
bicolor, bilabiata, 18-22 mm longa, tubo brevi, gracili, 3.5-5.0 mm longo,
1-2 mm diametro, labio superiore emarginato rubro, labio inferiore trilobato luteo. Stamina duo, 12-16 mm longa, antheris biloculatis subsagittatis. Pollen bicolporatum, pseudocolpatum. Capsula stipitata, 13.516.5 mm longa, glabra. Semina duo, 5-6 mm longa, 4.5-5.0 mm lata.
Erect, many-stemmed shrub to 4 m high. Stems coarsely striate-fluted,
subquadrate in cross-section, internodes essentially glabrous or sparsely
pubescent in 2 verticaL lines with ascendant trichomes to 0.5 mm long,
nodes pubescent with flexuose trichomes to 0.5 mm long. Leaves petiolate, petioles to 15 mm long, pubescent, blades ovate to elliptic, 30-70
mm long, 15-35 mm wide, mostly 1.5-2.5 times longer than wide, acute
to attenuate at the base, rounded to acute at the apex, the surfaces glabrous to sparsely pubescent, the margins entire, ciliate with bent tri288
1981]
DANIEL:
MEXACANTHUS
289
0~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~C
CY)~
mcvaughii.a. Habitof upperpartof plant.b. Flowerprofile.c.
FIG. 1. Mexacanthus
Opened capsulewithone seed removed.d. Seed.
290
SYSTEMATIC
BOTANY
[Volume 6
chomes 0.2-0.3 mm long. Inflorescence of axillary,loosely bracteate,
spicate or racemose axes to 50 mm long, the axes pubescent witha mixture of minute (to 0.1 mm long), erect, eglandular and glandular trichomes and occasionallywith an overstoryof longer (to 0.5 mm long),
flexuose to ascendant eglandular trichomesas well. Flowers solitaryor
clustered,sessile or short-pedicellate(to 2 mm long) each subtended by
2 isomorphicbractletsand a bract. Bracts foliaceous,opposite along the
inflorescenceaxis, sessile,lanceolate to elliptic,5-10 mm long, 1-4 mm
wide, sparsely pubescent with glandular and/or eglandular trichomes.
Bractletslinear to lanceolate, 2.5-5.0 mm long, 0.5-1.5 mm wide, pubescent like the bractsor usually more densely so. Calyx deeply 5-lobed,
5.5-11.0 mm long, rather densely glandular pubescent, the lobes subulate, 4.5-8.5 mm long. Corolla bilabiate, 18-22 mm long, pubescent on
the outer surfacewithbent,eglandular trichomes;tube slender, not ampliate,3.5-5.0 mm long, 1-2 mm in diameter;upper lip dark red, linear,
13-17 mm long, 0.5-1.5 mm wide, emarginate at the apex; lower lip
brightyellow, 14-19 mm long, deeply 3-lobed, the lobes homomorphic,
linear, 12-15 mm long, 1.5-2.0 mm wide. Stamens 2, exserted, 12-16
mm long; staminodes absent; filamentsinsertedat the base of the lobes
on the lower lip, one on each side of the central lobe, glabrous; anthers
bithecous,the thecae dark red, subequally insertedon the filament,subsagittate,2.0-2.2 mm long, lacking any basal appendages. Pollen 55-65
,um long, bicolporate, each colpus flanked by 2 pseudocolpi. Disc cuplike, 0.5-0.8 mm long. Style filiform,15-23 mm long, often sparsely
pubescent near the base; stigma bilobed, the lobes 0.1-0.2 mm long.
Capsule stipitate,13.5-16.5 mm long, glabrous, the stipe 6-8 mm long,
the head elliptic-circular,
7.5-8.5 mm long (includinga terminalbeak to
1.5 mm long), 5.0-5.5 mm wide; retinacula 2.5-3.0 mm long. Seeds 2
per capsule, elliptic-circularin outline, laterallycompressed, obliquely
notched at base, 5-6 mm long, 4.5-5.0 mm wide, the testa smooth to
tuberculate.
Flowering. March and April, corresponding to the end of the dry
season in west-centralMexico. Fruitingoccurs during the same period.
Distributionand habitat. Lowland region of westernmostColima and
southwesternmost
Jalisco where abundant in the dry hills of deciduous
forests,occurringin association withspecies of Cordia,Bursera,Ipomoea,
and Erioxylum
at elevationsto 250 meters.
Additional specimens examined. Mexico, Jalisco, Mpio. La Huerta,
Est. Chamela (U.N.A.M.), ArroyoEl Colorado, 10 Apr 1977, Magallanes
587 (ARIZ); along road from Barra de Navidad to Tequezquitlan, Concepcion, and Autlan, 8-10 miles N of Navidad, 8 Apr 1951, McVaugh
11874 (MICH).
Mexacanthusmcvaughiiis known only from a limited region on the
Pacific slopes near the Colima and Jalisco border. The subdeciduous
forestsalong the southernand westerndeclivitiesof the Mesa Central in
Jalisco and Colima support numerous genera of Acanthaceae including
1981]
DANIEL:
MEXACANTHUS
291
Tetramerium
Carlowrightia,
Nees, JusticiaL. s.l., Stenandrium
Nees, Barleria
L., and DiclipteraJuss. Several species of Acanthaceae are endemic to
this region but Mexacanthusis the only genus of the familyapparently
restrictedthere. It is distinguishedfrom other Acanthaceae by the following combinationof characters: calyx with 5 homomorphic lobes; bicolored and stronglybilabiatecorolla withshorttube, lobes of the upper
lip nearly completelyfused, and lower lip of 3 conspicuous lobes; androecium of 2 fertilestamens with bithecous anthers with the thecae
approximatelyequal in size, subequally inserted on the filament,and
lackinghairs or appendages; bicolporate and pseudocolpate pollen; and
a stipitatecapsule containingtwo relativelylarge, flat,glabrous seeds that
are borne on retinaculainsertedat approximatelythe same heightin the
capsule. In featuresof calyx,androecium, and fruit,Mexacanthusresemand Anisacanthus.
bles both Carlowrightia
Mexacanthusmcvaughiifurther
resemblesspecies of Carlowrightia
by itsrelativelyshort(18-22 mm long)
corolla with a short, slender tube that is not apically flared. It differs
from species of Carlowrightia
most notably by its tall habit (species of
Carlowrightia
are generallyperennial herbs to about 1 m high), corolla
color (red corollas are not known in Carlowrightia),
and linear corolla
lobes (elliptic to oblanceolate to spatulate in Carlowrightia).
The habit,
corolla color, and corolla lobes of M. mcvaughiiare more suggestiveof
In Anisacanthus,
species of Anisacanthus.
however,corollas are 30-55 mm
long and the tube is 15-27 mm long and is usually ampliate from the
base. In some respects, particularlycapsule size, Mexacanthusis intermediate between Carlowrightiaand Anisacanthus;it differs,however,
from both of these genera by its pollen. In Mexacanthusthe pollen is
bilateral,bicolporate,and has only four pseudocolpi (figs.2-3). In both
and Anisacanthus,
the pollen is trilateral,tricolporate,with
Carlowrightia
each colpus flankedby two pseudocolpi (figs.4-5).
Infrafamilialclassificationof the Acanthaceae is inadequate and circumscriptionof the larger genera (especiallyJusticiaand Ruellia L.) is
problematic.Subfamilialclassificationin the Acanthaceae has been most
recentlystudied by Bremekamp (1965) who placed considerable emphasis on pollen morphologyin definingtaxa. Based on pollen morphology
and Anisacanthusare probably
and other characters,both Carlowrightia
best placed in Bremekamp's Justicieae,Odontoneminae, even though
they have two stamens and no staminodes (Daniel 1980). Bremekamp
described three basic pollen types forJusticieae:a tricolporate,pseudoand Anisacanthus),a biporate type with a
colpate type (cf. Carlowrightia
differentiatedmarginal zoine (cf. Rhytiglossa
Nees), and a biporate type
with the pores in a "trema" region studded with circular "insulae" (cf.
Justicia).
Althoughthe pollen of all three specimens of M. mcvaughiiis identical
and does not fitone of the threebasic types,proper positionof the genus
and Anisappears to be in the Odontoneminae along with Carlowrightia
acanthus.Indeed thissubtribeincludes several genera withbilateral pol-
292
SYSTEMATIC BOTANY
[Volume 6
FIGS. 2-5. Scanning electronmicrographsshowingrepresentativepollen of Mexacanthusand Carlowrightia.2-3. M. mcvaughii(McVaugh23016). 2. Equatorial view at colpus. 3. Equatorial view between colpi. 4. C. mexicana(Henrickson16013), equatorial
view. 5. C. linearifolia(Daniel 565), polar view. Scales = 5 ,um.
1981]
DANIEL:
MEXACANTHUS
293
Mildbr.,which would
len. A descriptionof the pollen of Thamnojusticia
be included in Bremekamp's Odonotoneminae, from Tanganyika (Raj
1961) indicates similaritiesto the pollen of Mexacanthus.Furthermore,
Bremekamp included DrejerellaLindau, which has trilateral,triporate
pollen withthe pores situatedin a tremaregion studded withinsulae, in
his Justiciinae(whose pollen is characterizedby being bilateral and biporate withtrema regions) because of its affinityto BeloperoneNees. He
concluded that the basic pattern was of greater taxonomic significance
than the number of pores. If his conclusionis accurate,then the unusual
pollen of Mexacanthuscan be interpretedas deviatingonly slightlyfrom
the basic typethatcharacterizesBremekamp'sOdontoneminae, thus supand Anisacanportingthe close affinityof this genus with Carlowrightia
thus.
The only known species of Mexacanthusis named in honor of Dr.
Rogers McVaugh who collected specimens of it and who has been a
constantsource of encouragement and informationduring my studyof
Mexican Acanthaceae.
This workwas completed while I was a lecturerin botanyat the
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.
Universityof Michigan. I am grateful for the facilitiesprovided by the Universityof
Michigan Herbarium and I thank Dr. W. R. Anderson for correctingthe Latin description and Skye Baker for preparing the line drawing.
LITERATURE CITED
C. E. B. 1965. Delimitationand subdivisionof the Acanthaceae. Bull. Bot.
Surv. India 7:21-30.
(Acanthaceae). Ph.D.
DANIEL, T. F. 1980. A systematicstudyof the genus Carlowrightia
dissertation,Univ. Michigan,Ann Arbor.
RAJ, B. 1961. Pollen morphologicalstudies in the Acanthaceae. Grana Palynol. 3:3-108.
BREMEKAMP,
TETRAMERIUM
92
VOLUME 12
four calyx lobes, and pubescent
cences,
capsules. The widely divergent branches
with sharp tips on the older growth appear to be unique in the genus. The only
and T.
other species of Tetramerium
with four calyx lobes are T. denudatum
surcubambense
of Peru and T. nervosum. The distinctions
between
individuals of
are summarized
T. nervosum with four calyx lobes and T. butterwickianum
in
differs from T. surcubam
butterwickianum
couplet 20 of the key. Tetramerium
linear to lanceolate
bense by its shrubby
habit,
(vs suffrutescent)
(vs ovate to
leaves that are 1.2-4.5 mm (vs 8-16 mm) wide and 4.7-8.0
broadly ovate)
(vs
times longer than wide, narrower
inflorescence
(4-7 mm vs 8-11 mm)
1.5-2.0)
with ovate to lance-ovate
(vs broadly elliptic to circular) bracts that are 1.5-3.0
mm (vs 3.5-5.2 mm) wide,
longer (17-21 mm vs 9-11 mm) corolla, and pubes
cent (vs glabrous)
butterwickianum
differs from T. denuda
capsule. Tetramerium
tum by its erect, shrubby (vs prostrate,
suf frutescent)
habit, ovate to lance-ovate
to linear-obovate)
bracts,
(vs linear-elliptic
longer (17-21 mm vs 12-13 mm)
corollas, and pubescent
(vs glabrous)
capsules.
botanist with the United
This species is named in honor of Mary Butterwick,
whose field assistance during this study was
States Bureau of Land Management,
invaluable.
Mexico.
Colima: along
T. F. Daniel,
sp. nov.?Type:
mcvaughii
1.5 mi below
110 SW of Colima,
summit of pass, just above La
Hwy
& Butterwick
3247 (holotype: CAS!;
26 Nov
iso
Salada,
1983, Daniel
17. Tetramerium
types: ASU! ENCB! F! GH! IBUG! K! MEXU! MICH! NY! UC! US!).
Frutex
ad 1m altus, valde ramosus, ramis ultimis debilibus. Folia
vel lineares, 5-23 mm
laminae ovatae vel lanceolatae
subses
silia vel petiolata;
longae,
lanceolatae
vel
1.0-8.5 mm latae, 2.0-6.5-plo
longiores quam latiores. Bracteae
3.0-5.5 mm longae, 0.8-1.0 mm latae, extus
anguste ellipticae vel oblanceolatae,
mucrone
0.1-0.2 mm longo. Bracteolae
lanceolato
apice mucronatae
glandulosae,
mm
subulatae vel subulatae,
3.0-4.5
longae, 0.5-0.7 mm latae. Calyx quinquelo
14-18 mm longa. Capsula 5-6
bus, 4-5 mm longus. Corolla pseudopapilionacea,
mm
mm longa, puberula.
Semina 1.0-1.2
longa, 0.8-1.1 mm lata.
usque
erect to spreading shrub to 1m tall. Stems
Basally branched, weak-stemmed,
terete to subquadrate,
with
younger
evenly pubescent
inconspicuous
portions
soon becoming
trichomes to 0.05 mm long (puberulent),
glandular and eglandular
lines with retrorse to retrorse-appressed,
in 2 vertical, decussate
eglan
pubescent
mm
dular trichomes 0.1-0.3
long (rarely flexuose and up to 0.7 mm long as well),
to short petiolate;
to 9 mm long,
subsessile
older stems glabrate. Leaves
petioles
stem
like that portion of the
from which they arise; blades 5-23 mm
pubescent
mm
to
2.0-6.5
times
wide,
longer than wide, ovate to lanceolate
long, 1.0-8.5
emucro
to
to
to
acute
base
rounded
subattenuate
linear,
subcordate,
apex acute,
nate or with a short (0.1-0.2 mm) muero, margin
entire, surfaces and margin
like stems (or with the marginal
trichomes antrorse),
becoming
pubescent
gla
of loosely bracteate
brate with age. Inflorescence
spikes to 25 mm long, 3-5 mm
1.5-2.0 mm long, rachis only partly visi
wide near midpoint,
median
internodes
mm
times
Bracts
3.0-5.5
erect,
ble, puberulent.
long, 0.8-1.0 mm wide, 3.5-5.7
to
to
base
than
linear-lanceolate
linear-oblanceolate,
wide,
linear-elliptic
longer
muero
mm
0.1-0.2
narrowed
and sessile,
apex acute, mucronate,
long, apical
1986
* >
SYSTEMATIC BOTANY MONOGRAPHS
93
?
102
101
98
103
FIGS.
basal
98-103.
Tetramerium
of plant.
100. Leaf
portion
103. Capsule
lip of corolla.
Upper
and calyx.
99. Leaf
from
98. Habit.
{Daniel & Butterwick
3247).
mcvaughii
of plant.
101. Inflorescence
with flower.
102.
from upper portion
with one seed still attached
and with subtending
bract, bractlets,
94
TETRAMERIUM
VOLUME 12
of bract straight and erect, only the midvein
evident, margin
entire,
portion
and with longer, more conspicuous
abaxial surface and margin puberulent
glandu
mm long as well. Bract
trichomes 0.05-0.10
lar and eglandular
(on the margin)
mm wide,
mm
to subulate, pubescent
lance-subulate
lets 3.0-4.5
long, 0.5-0.7
4-5 mm long, tube 0.7-1.0 mm long, lobes 3.0-4.3
like bracts. Calyx 5-lobed,
mm long, subulate,
like bracts. Corolla white with a violet and blue
pubescent
chevron on the upper lip, 14-18 mm long, tube 5-6 mm long, 1.0-1.3 mm in
diameter at base, 1.5-1.8 mm in diameter at apex, upper lip 8-11 mm long, 3.5
mm
at apex,
lower lip 10.5-12.5
5.5 mm wide,
emarginate
obovate-spatulate,
lower-cen
long, lateral lobes 10-12 mm long, 3.5-6.0 mm wide, obovate-elliptic,
ciliolate.
tral lobe 9.5- 10.5 mm long, 5.0-7.5 mm wide, spatulate,
conduplicate,
mm long, filaments
near base, thecae 1.5-1.8 mm
Stamens
8.5-10.0
pubescent
5-6 mm long,
long; stigma lobes 0.2 mm long. Capsule
long. Style 12-17 mm
less than 0.1 mm long, stipe 1.5-2.0 mm
with eglandular
trichomes
pubescent
long, head 3.5-4.0 mm long, retinacula 1.0-1.2 mm long. Seeds 1.0-1.2 mm long,
mm wide, plano-convex,
surfaces granulate and covered with subconical
Figs. 98-103.
This species has been collected
in flower in late November
and
Phenology.
early February, which suggests a flowering period during the dry season.
Distribution.
only from a limited region in the state of
(Fig. 84). Known
on
Colima
in western Mexico;
rocky slopes in a region of tropical deciduous
m.
include species of Cassia, Comocladia,
Associates
forest; 300-400
Gliricidia,
0.8-1.1
tubercles.
and Rhacoma.
Specimen
Examined.
Mexico.
Colima:
2-5
km
below
summit
Colima, McVaugh 26191 (MICH).
of hwy
pass,
9-21
km
SSW
of
were taken in approximately,
of T. mcvaughii
The two known collections
if
same
on
not exactly,
the
the seaward-facing
locality
slopes of the low mountains
the low, coastal and relatively high, north-central
between
plains of Colima. The
as being composed
of gypsum and slate.
substrate was described
by McVaugh
gypsum is reported to occur along with limestone in this region (anony
Although
mous
of this substrate by M. Sheridan
1981), analysis of samples and photographs
and A. Yates of Arizona
State University
reveal it to consist of a chalky, calcium
in which
carbonate
caliche
limestone occur.
irregular blocks of a slate-colored
21
In numerous
under
in
characters
the
(summarized
couplet
key to species)
occurs
coast
T. mcvaughii
T.
in this same
the
which
resembles
diffusum,
along
to
in the
of
addition
the
distinctions
these
noted
Mexico.
In
between
part
species
a
more
T.
of T.
robust
shrub
than
either
of
the
is
forms
key,
mcvaughii
growth
no.
T.
and
discussion
is
under
the
diffusum,
diffusum
(see
style
usually not
18),
as it
lobe (see Reproductive
included in the conduplicate,
lower-central
Biology)
is in T. diffusum.
The species is named in honor of Rogers McVaugh,
western Mexico,
who collected
this species in 1975.
18. Tetramerium
Mexico.
authority
on the flora of
diffusum Rose, Contr. U.S. Nati. Herb.
1: 349. 1895.?Type:
Colima: Manzanillo,
Dec 1890, Palmer 994 (holotype: US!; iso
types: GH! K! NY! US!).
80
TETRAMERIUM
VOLUME 12
• LANGLASSEI
o MCVAUGHII
'1-0BOVATUM
FIG. 84. Distribution of Tetramerium fruticosum, T. lang/assei, T. mcvaughii, T. obovatum, and
T. ochoterenae.
Acta Botanica Mexicana 95: 51-63 (2011)
DOS NUEVAS ESPECIES DE SALVIA (LAMIACEAE) DEL CENTRO
OCCIDENTE DE MÉXICO
Brenda y. Bedolla-García1, saBina i. lara-caBrera1*y serGio zamudio2
Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo,
Facultad de Biología, Laboratorio de Sistemática Molecular,
Apdo. postal 18, Administración Santa María,
58091 Morelia Michoacán, México
2
Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Centro Regional del Bajío, Apdo. postal 386,
61600 Pátzcuaro, Michoacán, México, sergio.zamudio@inecol.edu.mx
1
RESUMEN
En este trabajo se describen e ilustran como especies nuevas Salvia mcvaughii y
Salvia purepecha. La primera es conocida de los estados de Guerrero y Morelos, la segunda
proviene de Michoacán. S. mcvauhgii se caracteriza por presentar brácteas lanceoladas
tempranamente caducas, cáliz puberulento con los dientes caudados y por la presencia de
dos a cuatro papilas en el interior del tubo de la corola, así como por una marcada extensión
del nudo en donde se articula el peciolo. S. purepecha presenta brácteas subpersistentes,
ovadas a ampliamente ovadas, caudadas, cáliz densamente tomentoso con dientes caudados,
carece de papilas en el interior del tubo de la corola y también se aprecia la extensión del
nudo donde se articula el peciolo. De acuerdo con la clasificación del subgénero Calosphace
de Epling, ambas se ubican provisionalmente en la sección Polystachyae y son afines a S.
polystachya. Sin embargo, su ubicación definitiva queda pendiente hasta que se haga una
reevaluación de la circunscripción de las secciones de Epling para lograr una clasificación
natural.
Palabras clave: Guerrero, Lamiaceae, México, Michoacán, Morelos, Salvia.
*Autor para correspondencia: slaracabrera@gmail.com
51
Acta Botanica Mexicana 95: 51-63 (2011)
ABSTRACT
In this study Salvia mcvaughii and S. purepecha are described and illustrated as
new species to science. The former is distributed in Mexico in the states of Guerrero and
Morelos and the latter in Michoacan. S. mcvaughii has early deciduous, inconspicuous,
lanceolate bracts, the calyx is puberulent with caudate teeth, two or four papillae are present
on the inner side of the corolla, and has an evident stem node protuberance in the petiole
articulation. S. purepecha has subpersistent, ovate to amply ovate, caudate bracts, calyx
densely tomentose with caudate teeth, the inner side of the corolla lacking papillae, and the
stem node protuberance in the petiole articulation can also be seen. Both species would be
allied to S. polystachya and thus belong to section Polystachyae for sharing the diagnostic
characters of the section. Nonetheless their definite circumscription to Epling’s sections is
pending the reassessment of the sections to attain a natural classification.
Key words: Guerrero, Lamiaceae, Mexico, Michoacán, Morelos, Salvia.
Salvia L. (Lamiaceae) es un género gigante (Frodin, 2004) que incluye
de 900 a 1000 especies a nivel mundial (Ramamoorthy y Elliott, 1998; Walker,
2007) agrupadas en cuatro subgéneros: Salvia, Leonia, Sclarea y Calosphace
(Bentham, 1876; Epling, 1939), de los cuales Calosphace es endémico de América y se define por poseer cáliz tubular bilabiado, el labio superior usualmente
entero o en ocasiones trífido, el inferior bilobado; corola bilabiada, el labio superior recto o arqueado formando una gálea, mientras que el labio inferior es
trilobado; 2 estambres con los conectivos posteriores estériles, unidos longitudinalmente; estilo barbado, con la rama superior más larga que la inferior (Walker
et al. 2004, Ramamoorthy, 2001; Bentham, 1848). Para Calosphace se estiman
500 especies (Walker, 2007). Para México se registran cerca de 312, de las cuales
88% son endémicas (Ramamoorthy y Elliot, 1998); sin embargo esta cifra va en
aumento debido a la reciente descripción de novedades (Espejo y Ramamoorthy,
1993; Klitgaard, 2007; Ramamoorthy, 1984a, 1984b; Turner, 1995a, 1995b, 1996,
2008a, 2008b).
Durante el estudio taxonómico de Salvia sección Polystachyae (Bedolla-García y Lara-Cabrera, en proceso) se encontró una serie de ejemplares cuyo análisis hizo sospechar que podrían representar entidades no descritas. Se recolectaron
muestras de una de las plantas en cuestión y se revisaron los especímenes ya existentes. Finalmente se concluyó que las plantas evaluadas representan dos nuevas es52
Bedolla-García et al.: Dos nuevas especies de Salvia de México
pecies que a continuación se describen como: S. mcvaughii, distribuida en la Sierra
Madre del Sur en Guerrero y Morelos, así como S. purepecha, conocida de la región
denominada Meseta Purépecha en Michoacán.
Salvia mcvaughii Bedolla, Lara et Zamudio sp. nov. Fig. 1.
Frutex ad 1.8 m altus; caules teretes glabrescentes, ramuli 4-angulati puberuli, pilis albis adpressis retrorsis; lamina foliaris 4-7(12) cm longa, 2-3.5(8.5) cm lata,
ovata, ad apicem acuminata, ad basin rotundata vel obtusa, obliqua, ad marginem
serrata, pubescentia in nervis congesta; petiolus 10-65 mm longus articulatus puberulus pilis adpressis retrorsis; inflorescentia compacta, verticillastri 8-12 floribus,
bracteis 1.5-4 mm longis lanceolatis deciduis; calyx 2.4-6 mm longus, 1.5-2.5 mm
latus dentibus caudatis, puberulus pilis adpressis antrorsis in nervis colligatis, glandulis sessilibus sparsis; corolla 8-11.5 mm longa, tubo albo, limbo caeruleo; intus
tubo base 2-4 papillas ferens.
Planta arbustiva de hasta 1.8 m de altura, tallos principales rollizos, glabrescentes, ramillas cuadrangulares, puberulentas, con pelos adpresos retrorsos; hojas
ovadas, de 4 a 7(-12) cm de largo, y 2 a 3.5(-8.5) cm de ancho, ápice acuminado,
base redondeada a obtusa, oblicua, margen aserrado, puberulentas a casi glabras
por ambos lados, con la pubescencia concentrada principalmente en las venas; peciolo de 10 a 65 mm de largo, articulado en la base sobre una prolongación del entrenudo, puberulento con pelos retrorsos; inflorescencia compacta de 3.5 a 5(-10.5)
cm de largo, verticilastros con 8 a 12 flores, separados entre sí por 5 mm en la base
de la inflorescencia y más cercanos hacia el ápice; brácteas lanceoladas, tempranamente caedizas, de 1.5 a 4 mm de largo, envés puberulento, con la pubescencia más
densa en las venas; pedicelo de 1 a 2 mm de largo; cáliz de 2.4 a 6 mm de largo y
1.8 mm de ancho, esparcidamente puberulento, con pelos adpresos antrorsos concentrados en las venas y con glándulas traslucidas sésiles, dientes del cáliz de 1.5 a
2.5 mm de largo, el labio superior con 3 venas, el diente caudado, el inferior con 6
venas y dos dientes muy próximos caudados, rectos o curvados hacia arriba; corola
de 8 a 11.5 mm de largo, puberulenta, tubo de 4.5 a 7 mm de largo, blanco, con 2 a
4 papilas en la base, y 2 estaminodios en su interior, los labios azules, el superior
galeado de 3 a 4.7 mm de largo, el inferior de 2.7 a 4.5 mm de largo, extendido,
trilobado, el lóbulo medio invaginado y más grande que los laterales; estambres
insertos en la parte media del tubo de la corola, de ca. 4 mm de largo, antera de 1.6
mm de largo, cubiertos por la gálea; estilo blanco, barbado, de 10 mm de largo con
53
Acta Botanica Mexicana 95: 51-63 (2011)
Fig. 1. Salvia mcvaughii Bedolla, Lara et Zamudio (R. Rendón 476).
54
Bedolla-García et al.: Dos nuevas especies de Salvia de México
las ramas moradas, ligeramente exertas; nuececilla ovada de 1 mm de largo y 0.7
mm de ancho, de color café.
Tipo: México, Morelos: municipio Tlaquiltenango, 8 km al suroeste de San
José Pala, selva baja caducifolia secundaria, presencia de leguminosas y burseras,
9-Octubre-1984, R. Rendón 476 (Holótipo: MEXU).
Ejemplares adicionales revisados: Guerrero: municipio General Heliodoro
Castillo, Huautla, 5.48 km al S, 30-Octubre-1998, R. Cruz Durán 3277 (FCME,
MEXU); Huautla 5.16 km al S, R. Cruz Durán 3345 (FCME); municipio Eduardo
Neri, Mezcala, 12.5 km al SO, 2-Octubre-1994, M. A. Monroy R. 696 (FCME). Morelos: municipio Tepalcingo, Sierra de Huautla, ejido El Limón, más o menos 1 km
NW del cerro El Pingo, 29-Septiembre-1991, S. Boyd 6608 (MEXU).
Conocida de la Sierra Madre del Sur en los municipios General Heliodoro
Castillo y Eduardo Neri en el estado de Guerrero y del sur de Morelos en los municipios Tepalcingo y Tlaquiltenango (Fig. 3), habita en bosque tropical caducifolio
primario y bosque de encino. Altitud de 1200 a 1550 m. Se han visto ejemplares de
herbario en donde se observa en floración en los meses de septiembre a octubre y
fructificación en octubre.
S. mcvaughii se encontró en los herbarios confundida con S. polystachya debido a la similitud en las inflorescencias compactas, apariencia producida por el
gran número de flores por verticilastro, corolas azul-blanquecinas, labios de la corola iguales a subiguales. Ambas especies presentan una extensión del nudo en donde
se articula el peciolo; sin embargo en S. polystachya ésta generalmente es poco
conspicua, llegando a medir hasta 0.5 mm, mientras que en S. mcvaughii mide de
0.5 a 1.2 mm (Cuadro 1, Fig. 4). Además S. mcvaughii se diferencia de S. polystachya por las brácteas lanceoladas de 1.5 a 4 mm de largo, tempranamente caedizas,
cáliz puberulento con los dientes caudados (Fig. 4), se encuentra principalmente en
bosque tropical caducifolio, en un intervalo altitudinal de 1200 a 1550 m, mientras
que S. polystachya se distribuye en bosque de pino-encino y vegetación secundaria
derivada de éste, en una franja altitudinal mayor que va de 1700 a 2370 m.
El nombre de la especie se dedica a la memoria del recientemente fallecido
Rogers McVaugh, destacado botánico estadounidense, quien dedicó muchos años de
su vida al estudio de las plantas mexicanas, principalmente de la región de la Nueva
Galicia, y autor de numerosas publicaciones sobre historia de la botánica, florística
y sistemática vegetal.
55
Acta Botanica Mexicana 95: 51-63 (2011)
Cuadro 1. Cuadro comparativo de caracteres morfológicos de S.mcvaughii, S. purepecha y
S. polystachya.
Carácter
Tallo
Forma de la hoja
Prolongación del nudo
donde se articula el
peciolo
Largo de la
inflorescencia
Número de flores por
verticilastro
Persistencia de las
brácteas
Forma de las brácteas
S. mcvaughii
rollizo con ramillas
cuadrangulares
ovada
S. purepecha
cuadrangular,
sulcado
ovada a lanceolada
presente
(0.8 a 1.2 mm)
presente
(0.6 a 1.2 mm)
S. polystachya
cuadrangular,
sulcado
ovada a ovado
lanceolada
ausente a presente
(0 a 0.5 mm)
3.5 a 5(10) cm
7 a 10 cm
4 a 10(30) cm
8 a 12
10 a 16
10 a 27
tempranamente
caedizas
lanceolada
subpersistentes
Forma de los dientes del caudados
cáliz
Pubescencia del cáliz
puberulento con
pelos adpresos
Largo de la corola
Número de papilas en
el interior del tubo de la
corola
Intervalo altitudinal
Tipo de vegetación en
que habita
tempranamente
caedizas
ovada a ampliamente ovada a lanceolada
ovada
caudados
agudos apiculados
tomentoso
8.2 a 11.5 mm
2a4
10 a 12.5 mm
ausentes
1200 a 1550 m
bosque tropical
caducifolio y
bosque de encino
1950 a 2193 m
bosque de pino y
encino
puberulento a
hírtulo con pelos
adpresos
9 a 12 mm
2a4
1700 a 2900 m
bosque de pino y
encino, vegetación
secundaria
Salvia purepecha Bedolla, Lara et Zamudio sp. nov. Fig. 2
Herba perennis ad 1.5 m alta; caules 4-angulati sulcati puberuli pilis articulatis adpressis retrorsis; folia 5-7 cm longa, 2-3 cm lata, ovata vel lanceolata, ad
56
Bedolla-García et al.: Dos nuevas especies de Salvia de México
apicem cuspidato-acuminata, ad basin rotundata, ad marginem serrata, supra sparse
puberula, subtus puberula pilis in nervis colligatis; petiolis 5-30 mm longis articulatis puberulis; inflorescentia compacta, verticillastri 10-16 floribus; bracteis 5-8 mm
longis, 3-4 mm latis, ovatis ad ample ovatis caudatis subpersistentibus; calyx 2.5-5
mm longus, 1.3-1.8 mm latus, dense albo-tomentosus dentibus caudatis; corolla 1012.5 mm longa caerulea tomentosa, intus tubo papillae nullae.
Planta herbácea perenne de hasta 1.5 m de alto, tallo cuadrangular, sulcado,
puberulento, con pelos multicelulares adpresos, retrorsos; hojas ovadas a lanceoladas, de 5 a 7 cm de largo y 2 a 3 cm de ancho, ápice cuspidado-acuminado, base
redondeada, margen serrado, haz esparcidamente puberulento, envés puberulento,
con los pelos concentrados en las venas; peciolo de 5 a 30 mm de largo, articulado en
la base sobre una prolongación del entrenudo, puberulento; inflorescencia compacta,
de 5 a 12 cm de largo, verticilastros con 10 a 16 flores, distanciados entre si 3 a 4 mm
en la base de la inflorescencia, más cercanos hacia el ápice; brácteas subpersistentes,
ovadas a ampliamente ovadas, caudadas, de 5 a 8 mm de largo y 3 a 4 mm de ancho,
esparcidamente puberulentas en el envés, aunque los pelos se concentran más en las
nervaduras; pedicelo de ca. 1 mm de largo; cáliz densamente blanco tomentoso, de
2.5 a 5 mm de largo por 1.3 a 1.8 mm de ancho, labios del cáliz desiguales, de 1 a 2.5
mm de largo, el superior con 3 venas y un diente caudado, el inferior con 6 venas y 2
dientes caudados muy próximos; corola azul, de 10 a 12.5 mm, tubo de 5 a 7 mm de
largo, ligeramente tomentoso, sin papilas en su interior, pero sí con 2 estaminodios,
labios subiguales, el superior de 4.9 a 6 mm de largo, galeado, densamente tomentoso en la cara externa, el inferior de 4.6 a 5 mm de largo, extendido, trilobado, el
lóbulo medio invaginado y más grande que los laterales, esparcidamente tomentoso
en la cara externa, con excepción del lóbulo medio; estambres insertos en el tubo, de
4.5 a 6.5 mm de largo, anteras de 1 a 1.7 mm de largo, cubiertos por la gálea; estilo
barbado, de 14 mm de largo, con las ramas ligeramente exertas, la superior 3 veces
más larga que la inferior; nuececilla ovada, de 1 a 1.2 mm de largo, por 0.7 a 0.8 mm
de ancho, de color café.
Tipo: México, Michoacán: municipio Chilchota, “Rancho Morelos”, km 15
carretera Carapan - Uruapan, 1950 m, bosque perturbado, ladera de cerro, huerta con malezas, 26-Noviembre-1985, A. Martínez L. 293 (Holótipo: IEB; Isotipos:
ENCB, MEXU).
57
Acta Botanica Mexicana 95: 51-63 (2011)
Fig. 2. Salvia purepecha Bedolla, Lara et Zamudio (A. Martínez L. 293).
58
Bedolla-García et al.: Dos nuevas especies de Salvia de México
Ejemplares adicionales revisados. Michoacán: 2 km de Zacapu sobre la carretera a Zamora, 23-Octubre-1987, H. Díaz B. 4537 (IEB); municipio Tangancícuaro, a las afueras de Patamban, sobre la carretera Patamban - Aranza, a la orilla de un río estacional, 31-Diciembre-2009, B. Bedolla-García & al. 52 (EBUM,
IEB).
19°25'0"N
20°30'0"N
Conocida de la porción noroeste del estado de Michoacán (Fig. 3), habita en
bosques de pino y encino y áreas perturbadas originadas de éstos. Altitud de 1950 a
2193 m. La época de floración observada en los ejemplares de herbario se presenta
en los meses de octubre a noviembre y el período de fructificación de noviembre a
enero.
México
D. F.
Michoacán de Ocampo
17°15'0"N
18°20'0"N
Morelos
Guerrero
Salvia purepecha
30
103°5'0"W
102°0'0"W
100°55'0"W
15
99°50'0"W
0
30
60
90
120
Km
16°10'0"N
Salvia mcvaughii
98°45'0"W
Fig. 3. Mapa de distribución de S. mcvaughii y S. purepecha.
59
Acta Botanica Mexicana 95: 51-63 (2011)
La nueva especie se asemeja a S. polystachya por las inflorescencias compactas, corolas azules, labios de la corola iguales a subiguales; sin embargo S. purepecha se separa de ésta por presentar brácteas subpersistentes, ovadas a ampliamente
ovadas, caudadas; cáliz densamente tomentoso con tricomas blancos, dientes caudados y por carecer de papilas en el interior del tubo de la corola (Cuadro 1, Fig. 4).
El epíteto “purepecha” hace alusión a la cultura Purépecha que floreció y se
asienta en la región lacustre y montañosa del norte del estado de Michoacán, lugar
en donde se distribuye la especie.
En este trabajo se reconocen dos caracteres morfológicos que no habían sido
considerados previamente en las especies de Salvia: en S. mcvaughii el tallo principal es rollizo y sólo las ramillas cuadrangulares, por otra parte S. mcvaughii y S.
purepecha presentan de forma conspicua el peciolo articulado sobre una base que
parece ser una prolongación del nudo.
S. mcvaughii y S. purepecha aparentan estar emparentadas entre sí por su similitud morfológica, principalmente en la marcada articulación de la base del peciolo, las
inflorescencias compactas y los dientes del cáliz caudados. De acuerdo con la clasificación del subgénero Calosphace de Epling (1939), ambas especies podrían ubicarse
en la sección Polystachyae por presentar hojas ovadas a lanceoladas, inflorescencia
en verticilastros compactos, labio superior del cáliz con tres venas, labios de la corola
subiguales, estambres incluidos en la gálea; dentro de esta sección serían afines a S.
polystachya, pero difieren de la sección Polystachyae sensu Epling por la articulación
de la base del peciolo y los dientes del cáliz caudados. Adicionalmente S. mcvaughii
tiene el tallo principal rollizo con las ramillas cuadrangulares y brácteas lanceoladas,
S. purepecha tiene brácteas subpersistentes, ovadas a ampliamente ovadas, cáliz densamente blanco tomentoso y carece de papilas en el interior del tubo de la corola.
Desde hace varios años la circunscripción de las secciones descritas por Epling
ha sido ampliamente debatida por varios especialistas (Standley y Williams, 1970,
1973; Torke, 2000; Walker, 2007; Wood, 2007), quienes cuestionan la naturalidad de
las secciones. Se considera que la ubicación de S. mcvaughii y S. purepecha en la
sección Polystachyae es provisional, hasta que la circunscripción de las secciones sea
reevaluada usando técnicas modernas de estudio, por ejemplo estudios moleculares.
AGRADECIMIENTOS
El financiamiento para esta investigación proviene de diversos proyectos:
Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología convocatoria de Ciencia Básica 2005
60
Bedolla-García et al.: Dos nuevas especies de Salvia de México
4
1
a
b
1 mm
1 cm
1 cm
a
1 mm
b
1 mm
c
1 cm
c
2
3
5 mm
a
b
c
5 mm
a
b
c
Fig. 4. Caracteres relevantes. Inflorescencias: S. purepecha (1a), S. mcvaughii (1b), S.
polystachya (1c). Vista lateral de la flor: S. purepecha (2a), S. mcvaughii (2b), S. polystachya
(2c). Forma de las brácteas: S. purepecha (3a), S. mcvaughii (3b), S. polystachya (3c).
Articulación de peciolo en una prolongación del nudo (la flecha indica el carácter señalado)
en S. purepecha (4a), S. mcvaughii (4b), S. polystachya (4c).
61
Acta Botanica Mexicana 95: 51-63 (2011)
proyectos J4873 y 104149, proyecto 8.16 de la Coordinación de la Investigación
Científica de la Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Instituto de
Ecología, A.C. (cuenta 20006) y de la Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y
Uso de la Biodiversidad. Beca de CONACyT número 218990. Se agradece a Jerzy
Rzedowski (IEB) la revisión crítica del manuscrito, a Bente Klitgaard (K) por
enriquecedoras conversaciones sobre Salvias y a Claudia De Jesús por su apoyo
en la elaboración del mapa. Se agradece a los curadores de los herbarios FCME y
MEXU por las facilidades otorgadas para la consulta y préstamo de material.
LITERATURA CITADA
Bentham, G. 1848. Labiatae In: de Candolle, A. P. (ed.). Prodromus systematis naturalis
regni vegetabilis. G. Masson, Paris 12: 27-603.
Bentham, G. 1876. Labiatae. In: Bentham, G. y J. Hooker (eds.). Genera Plantarum. Vol. 2.
Londres. pp. 1160-1223.
Epling, C. C. 1939. A revision of Salvia subgenus Calosphace. Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni
Veg. Beih. 110: 1-383.
Espejo, A. y T. P. Ramamoorthy. 1993. Revisión taxonómica de Salvia sección Sigmoideae
(Lamiaceae). Acta Bot. Mex. 23: 65-102.
Frodin, D. G. 2004. History and concepts of big plant genera. Taxon 53(3): 753-776.
Klitgaard, B. B. 2007. Three new species in Salvia subgenus Calosphace (Lamiaceae) from
Mesoamerica. Novon 17: 206-211.
Ramamoorthy, T. P. 1984a. Notes on Salvia (Labiatae) in Mexico, with three new species. J.
Arnold Arbor. 65: 135-143.
Ramamoorthy, T. P. 1984b. A new species of Salvia (Lamiaceae) from Mexico. Brittonia
36(3): 297-299.
Ramamoorthy, T. P. y M. Elliott. 1998. Lamiaceae de México, diversidad, distribución,
endemismo y evolución. In: Ramamoorthy, T. P., R. Bye, A. Lot y J. Fa. (eds.).
Diversidad biológica de México, orígenes y distribución. Instituto de Biología,
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. México, D.F. pp. 501-526.
Ramamoorthy, T. P. Salvia L. In: Calderón de Rzedowski, G. y J. Rzedowski (eds.). 2001.
Flora fanerogámica del Valle de México. 2a ed. Instituto de Ecología, A.C. y Comisión
Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad. Pátzcuaro (Mich.). pp.
632-644.
Standley, P. C. y L. O. Williams. 1970-1973. Flora of Guatemala. Fieldana Bot. series. v. 24.
part 9 (3): 273-301.
Torke, B. M. 2000. A revision of Salvia sect. Ekmania (Lamiaceae). Brittonia 52(3): 265302.
Turner, B. L. 1995a. Salvia booleana (Lamiaceae), a new species from Northeastern Mexico.
Phytologia 79(4): 289-292.
62
Bedolla-García et al.: Dos nuevas especies de Salvia de México
Turner, B. L. 1995b. A new species of Salvia (Lamiaceae) from Nuevo León, Mexico.
Phytologia 79(2): 80-82.
Turner, B. L. 1996. A new species of Salvia (Sect. Caducae) from Guerrero, Mexico.
Phytologia 81(5): 329-332.
Turner, B. L. 2008a. Salvia acerifolia (Lamiaceae), a new species from Michoacán, Mexico.
Phytologia 90(2): 138-140.
Turner, B. L. 2008b. A new species of Salvia (Lamiaceae) from Guerrero, Mexico. Phytologia
90(2): 141-143.
Walker, J. B., K. J. Sytsma, J. Treutkein y M. Wink. 2004. Salvia (Lamiaceae) is not
monophyletic: implications for the systematics, radiation and ecological specializations
of Salvia and tribe Mentheae. Amer. J. Bot. 91(7): 1115-1125.
Walker, J. B. 2007. A preliminary phylogenetic analysis of Salvia subgenus Calosphace.
PhD thesis. University of Wisconsin. Madison, USA. 132 pp.
Wood, J. R. I. 2007. The Salvias (Lamiaceae) of Bolivia. Kew Bull. 62: 177-222.
Recibido en junio de 2010.
Aceptado en febrero de 2011.
63
R. González T.: Algunas especies nuevas de Habenaria ...
ETIMOLOGÍA: El nombre se dedicó a
Horalia Díaz-Barriga quien colectó el
material típico.
HABITAT: terrestre en bosque de pino y
encino y encinar.
DISTRIBUCIÓN: México, estado de
Michoacán, hasta la fecha solamente se
conoce del material estudiado, a una altitud
de aproximadamente 2 250m.
Habenaria macvaughiana R. González
sp. nov. Figura 3.
Habenaria macvaughiana R. González;
ab H. dUfíJsa Rich. et Gal. bracteis ovario
long i o ri hus ve! mi no ri bus, j7 ori bus
adscendentibus. ovario hreviori (circa 14
mm longo) adscendenti, segmento postico
petalorumfalcato, loho intermedio labelli
acurninato. nervo lobu/orurn lateralium
sirnplici, nectario clavelato-jitsUórmis
breviori (circa 12 mm) pendulo recedit.
Hierba terrestre, erecta, de 33.5 a 45 cm
de alta. Raíces filiformes, pubescentes,
repartidas en la porción basal del tallo en
un tramo de 2.5 cm. Tuberoide desconocido. Hojas caulinares, en número de 7 a
9, las 3 primeras reducidas a vainas
cuculadas, imbricadas, a continuación
gradualmente crecientes, las mayores situadas en la parte media y hacia arriba
decrecientes y semejantes a las brácteas
florales, lámina ascendente, plana, elíptico lanceolada a ovado-lanceolada aguda o
acuminada, la mayor mide 4.5-5.6 cm de
largo por l. 9 cm de ancho, con 3 nervios,
los laterales muy delgados y poco distintos de los secundarios, el nervio central
carinado, la quilla poco elevada,
denticulada, como lo son los márgenes.
Racimo poco denso, cilíndrico, de 9 a 18
cm de largo y 2.5 a 3 cm de diámetro, con
11 a26 flores ascendentes, de color verde;
raquis estriado, el tallo cilíndrico, 2.5 mm
de diámetro a la mitad de la planta, recorrido por las quillas foliares. Bráctea floral en las flores inferiores excede al sépalo dorsal, en las superiores es más breve
que el ovario, conduplicada, ascendente,
lanceolada acuminada, ca. 14 mm de largo por 4.6 mm de ancho, con 3 nervios,
escasamente reticulada, el nervio central
carinado, la quilla poco elevada, denticulada al igual que los márgenes. Ovario
arqueado, ascendente, linear-obcla velado,
torcido en la base, papiloso hacia el ápice,
ca. 14 mm de largo por 1 mm de diámetro,
con 3 costillas redondeadas, la dorsal
angulosa hacia arriba. Sépalo dorsal erecto, cóncavo, ovado obtuso subapiculado,
ca. 6.4 mm de largo por 3.5 mm de ancho,
con 3 nervios poco reticulados, el central
elevado en una quilla denticulada que
decrece hacia el ápice. Sépalos laterales
descendentes, reflejos, con los dos márgenes revolutos·en la porción proximal, ligeramente oblicuos, ovado lanceolados
agudos mucronados, ca. 7 mm de largo
por 3 mm de ancho, con 3 nervios, escasamente reticulados, el nervio central carinado, la quilla poco prominente. Pétalos
bipartidos, el segmento posterior junto
con e 1 sépalo dorsal forma una gálea,
faJeado, acuminado, de 6 mm de largo y 1
mm de ancho, con 2 nervios; el segmento
anterior arqueado, ascendente, filiforme
agudo, de 8 mm de largo por 0.4 mm de
ancho, con 1 nervio. Labelo unguiculado,
la uña subcuadrada, de 1.2 mm de largo y
64
Boletln, IBUG, diciembre 1995, Vol. 3, núm. 1-3, 53-86
Figura 3. Habenaria mac:vauJ;hiana; dibujo de la colección tipo.
65
R. González T.: Algunas especies nuevas de Habenaria ...
l.8 mm de ancho. trilobado, el lóbulo
central colgante, linear oblongo agudo o
acuminado, ca. 7.6 mm de largo por lmm
de ancho, con 3 nervios, a veces con l
reticulación subapical a cada lado, lóbulos laterales colgantes, algo arqueados,
filiformes agudos, 10-10.5 mm de largo
por 0.4 mm de ancho, el seno agudoredondeado, poco di varicados, recorridos
por 1 ó 2 nervios, en este caso se fusionan
abajo de la mitad. Nectario colgante, casi
recto, muy poco más c.orto que el ovario.
clavelado fusiforme agudo. de 12 mm de
largo por l mm de ancho. Columna
(ginostemo) pequeña en comparación con
el sépalo dorsal, cortamente emarginada,
suberecta, arqueada, de 2 mm de largo,
con las aurículas truncado redondeadas,
de 0.7 mm de ancho. verrucosas. Celdas de
laanteraobovado-elípticas, 0.9 mm de largo
por O. 8 mm de ancho, los canales dirigidos hacia el frente y un poco hacia arriba,
exceden a las aurículas en 0.6 mm. Rostelo
corto y carnoso, semicircular, 0.8 mm de
largo con los brazos en la misma disposición y dimensiones que los canales de la
antera, cuando se extienden arqueados,
ascendentes. Procesos estigmáticos
subextendidos, convexos, colaterales,
subcuadrados, oblicuamente redondeados
en el ápice, en la base presentan un reborde
inconspicuo. cada uno de 1 mm de largo
por 1 mm de ancho. Polinios amarillos,
elípticos, 0.8 mm de largo; caudículas de
1.2 mm de largo; viscidios 2, diminutos.
semiesféricos.
HOLÓTIPO: México, Michoacán. pie del
Cerro Cacique por Nicolás Romero, 2 km
al SE de Zitácuaro, en bosque mesófilo
con pino-encino. en ladera de cerro, 2 270
m.l6-TX-l989,R. TorresetM. Ramírez
13028 (IEB ).
ETIMOLOGÍA: Se le dedicó en honor de
Rogers Me Yaugh de quien no se necesita
hacer ningún comentario adicional.
De Habenaria crassicornis Lindl., con
la que también puede compararse, se distingue porque ésta posee el lóbulo redondeado; el nectario en la porción dilatada
más ancho y redondeado; las hojas en
comparación más alejadas.
De manera deliberada he omitido la
comparación con H. umbratilis L. O. Wms.
porque en primer lugar fue propuesta sobre la base de un error de observación;
esto es, el autor la describió con los pétalos enteros, en tanto que el dibujo hecho
por el Dr. Garay muestra que en realidad
posee los pétalos bífidos y el segmento
anterior es más corto que el posterior, esta
última característica se de be a que la flor
diseccionada era joven o estaba en etapa
de botón. Es bien sabido que en las flores
con pétalos y labelo partidos, los segmentos anterior y los lóbulos laterales. respectivamente, alcanzan su tamaño verdadero hasta 3 ó 4 días después de la apertura. Por otra parte, el material tipo fue
colectado cuando la floración recién empezaba.
Las otras partes florales dibujadas por
el Dr. Garay coinciden con las ele H. diflúsa
Rich. et Gal.
La moraleja de esto es: verifique las
observaciones de sus colegas. Pese al error
en la observación, por ahora puede no ser
prudente relegar a sinónimo de H. diflúsa
a H. umbratilis aunque sea lo más probable, porque parece que en la primera se
66
Boletfn, IBUG, diciembre 1995, Vol. 3, núm. 1-3, 53-86
necesita estudiar más material que permita comprender la variación; y de la segunda es necesario ver más individuos también, pero es un problema que no afecta a
la especie aquí propuesta, que es distinta
de las dos discutidas.
Habenaria macvaughiana se separa de
H. diffusa Rich. et Gal. por sus brácteas
mayores a menores que el ovario, flores
ascendentes; ovario más corto, ascendente, nectario más corto, colgante; claveladofusiforme; labelo con el lóbulo medio
acuminado, nervio de los lóbulos laterales del labelo simple; segmento posterior
de los pétalos falcado.
En cambio H. diffusa Rich. et Gal.
presenta las brácteas florales más cortas
que el ovario; flores difusas; ovario de 2123 cm de largo, nectario de 17 a 25 mm de
largo, cilíndrico; labelo con el lóbulo
medio subobtuso a redondeado; nervios
de los lóbulos laterales dellabelo 2, con 1
a 2 ramas, lo que hace que parezcan 2, 3 ó
4; segmento posterior de los pétalos triangular falcado.
DISTRIBUCIÓN: México, estado de
Michoacán, hasta la fecha solamente se
conoce de la localidad tipo, a una altitud
de 2 270m.
HÁBITAT: Bosque mesófilo con bosque de
pino y encino en ladera de cerro.
Habenariq calicis R. González sp. nov.
Figura 4.
Habenaria calicis R. González; dijfert ab
H. ibarrae R. González tubere et radicibus
pilosis, plantis robustioribus, laminis
foliorum bene productis subpatentibu.s ve/
adscendentibu.s ellipticis ve! ellipticolanceolatis, u.sque ad 3. 5 cm longis, 5nerviis, racemo subcilindrico, bracteis
ovaris longioribus, basis petalorum in
margine postico hau.d obliqu.is, lobis
lateralibus labelli centrali brevioribus,
nectario ovario pau.ce breviori.
Hierba terrestre, erecta, de 8.5 a 21 cm de
alta. Tuberoide subesférico a elipsoide,
9-15 mm de largo por 7-1 O mm de diámetro. Raíces pequeñas, amontonadas por un
corto tramo en la base del tallo, más o
menos pubescentes. Hojas caulinares,
aproximadas, en número de 7 a 8, las 2 ó
3 inferiores reducidas a vainas cortas,
cuculadas, imbricadas, adpresas, hacia
arriba desarrollan lámina y la última es
semejante a las brácteas florales, la vaina
más bien corta, gradualmente atenuada
hacia la base, la lámina mayor situada en
la parte media de la planta o un poco
arriba, en conjunto son subextendidas o
ascendentes, elípticas o anchamente lanceoladas, agudas o acuminadas, hasta 3.23. 5 cm de largo por 9-16 mm de ancho,
con los márgenes hialinos, planas o acanaladas, con los lados reflejos, y 3 nervios
principales, el central elevado en quilla
en la cara externa y 2 nervios suplementarios. Racimo corto, denso, 4.2-8 cm de
largo con 5 a 8 flores verdosas. Bráctea
floral excede a casi todas las flores y a
todos los ovarios, imbricada, cóncavoconduplicada, cubre bien al ovario y al
espolón, anchamente lanceolada, acuminada, de unos 16.6-27.5 mm de largo por
6.5-14 mm de ancho, con3 nervios principales y dos más cortos a cada lado, el
67
ROBERTO GONzáLEz TAMAyO ET AL.
lineares, poco atenuados, agudos, de 2 mm de largo,
0.2 mm de ancho en la base, con un nervio. Labelo
introrso, cimbiforme, los lados inflexos, bordes
hialinos, la base ancha, corta, cuneada, amplio,
truliforme, redondeado, atenuado adelante en un
ápice crasiúsculo, incurvado, deltoide, subobtuso,
de 1.8 a 2.5 mm de largo, 2 a 2.5 mm de ancho, de
color verde oscuro, en vivo la parte central de color
iridiscente, pentanervio, lamela basal transversa,
porrecta, redondeada. Columna subextendida, aplanada, subcuadrada, redondeada en ambos extremos,
forma hombros, ca. de 0.9 mm de largo, 0.9 mm
de ancho, de color verde; clinandrio trilobulado;
lóbulos laterales crasos, de borde romo, poco más
cortos que el rostelo; lóbulo central semiorbicular;
rostelo emarginado, el seno obtuso, el dorso carinado; estigma cóncavo, subcuadrado, ca. de 2/5 de
la longitud de la columna, en el ápice con un seno
redondeado. Antera obreniforme, emarginada; lóculos divaricados, oblicuos, erosos en el ápice, blancos. Polinario con los pares de polinios aplanados,
muy delgados, la cara posterior convexa y la otra
cóncava, ovadotriangulares, ca. de 0.5 mm de largo,
amarillos, translúcidos; viscidios dos.
DISTRIBUCIÓN EN MÉXICO: Jalisco.
HáBITAT: Terrestre, a veces litófita, en bosque mesófilo de montaña, entre agujas de pino y hojarasca en
descomposición, a la sombra densa de los árboles,
de 1 500 a 1 700 m s.n.m.; abundante en los lugares,
los individuos dispersos en la floresta.
largo y en la parte más ancha no excede los 200 m;
quizás se encuentren otras poblaciones de la misma
región pero no se vieron; en la localidad que se exploró bien, las plantas eran abundantes y brotaban
año tras año.
IDENTIFICACIÓN: Malaxis rositae se caracteriza por
la hoja situada a la mitad de la planta, extendida, en
general con los márgenes crespos, la vaina con cuatro quillas; inflorescencia en corimbo; sépalos triangularovados, obtusos, trinervios, el sépalo dorsal de
2.6 a 3 mm de largo, 1.5 a 1.7 mm de ancho; sépalos
laterales de 2.7 a 3 mm de largo, 1.3 a 1.5 mm de
ancho; pétalos oblicuos, lineares, poco atenuados,
agudos, de 2 mm de largo, 0.2 mm de ancho en la
base, con un nervio; labelo desprovisto de excavación y de otros aditamentos truliforme, tan ancho
como largo, de 1.8 a 2.5 mm de largo, 2 a 2.5 mm de
ancho, pentanervio.
DISCUSIÓN: Malaxis corymbosa, se caracteriza
principalmente porque la hoja, está situada abajo de
la mitad de la planta; el labelo subauriculado en la
base se atenúa más o menos de manera abrupta en
un rostro triangular, angosto, casi tan largo como la
parte dilatada proximal; lamela basal con un seno
amplio y somero.
Malaxis rositae es única entre las especies que
se relacionan con M. corymbosa por su labelo truliforme amplio, más ancho que largo.
5. Malaxis mcvaughiana R. González, L.
Hernández et M.E.C. Ramírez, sp. nov.
ÉPOCA DE FLORACIÓN: Julio y agosto.
ETIMOLOGíA: El nombre de la especie se refiere a
Rosa María Murillo, con nombre coloquial Rosita,
por su destacada labor en la producción editorial del
Instituto de Ecología del Bajío, A.C.
MATERIAL EXAMINADO. JALISCO; TALPA DE
ALLENDE: Entre Cuale y La Cumbre Blanca,
bosque de encino y bosque mesófilo [de montaña],
1 600 m s.n.m., 27-VIII-1973, R. González s.n.
(AMO!); abajo de El Salto, entre la carretera y el camino de herradura, en bosque mesófilo de montaña,
entre grandes rocas, escasa, forma agrupaciones de
pocos individuos, alrededor de 1 475 m s.n.m., 30VII-1982, R. González 1235 (AMO!, IBUG).
OBSERVACIONES: La especie se distribuye en un
área larga y angosta, de aproximadamente 1 km de
46
ibugana
TIPO: México, Jalisco, Tequila: Cerro de Tequila,
1 475 m s.n.m., 25-VIII-1990, R. Ramírez et R.
González s.n. (Holótipo: IBUG).
Malaxis mcvaughiana Malaxis aureae Ames
satis affinis plantae magis grossae folio dimidio
plantae disposito inflorescentia racemosa apice
corymboso vel umbellato rachidi elongata labelii
excavatione dimidio longitudine differt.
Planta solitaria, terrestre, erecta, más bien
tosca, de 7.5 a 30.5 cm de alto, inconspicua. Raíces
brotan de la base del cormo del año anterior, pocas
o numerosas (hasta 14), filiformes, de 3 a 4.5 cm de
largo, pubescentes. Cormo hipogeo, cuando joven
oblicuo, cónicopiramidal o subesférico, de 12 a 16
mm de largo, 10 a 20 mm de diámetro, al envejecer ovoide, con arrugas profundas, forrado por dos
BOLETíN IBUG | JUNIO 19 DE 2007 | VOL. 15 | NúM. 1–2 | pp. 35–64
ALGUNAS NOVEDADES DEL GÉNERO MALAXIS (ORCHIDACEAE) EN EL OCCIDENTE DE MÉXICO
vainas imbricadas, algo comprimidas, largas, obtusas, la superior o ambas con una carina amplia, sus
restos fibrosos se mantienen adheridos por un año.
Hoja solitaria, situada poco abajo de la mitad de la
planta, coriácea, subextendida o erecta, convexa o
cóncava somera con los lados recurvados, surcada,
carinada a lo largo del nervio central, la carina
decurrente, hialina, lamina con la base cordata o
truncada, ovada, obtusa o redondeada, de 2.5 a 9
cm de largo, 2 a 5.7 cm de ancho, argéntea verdosa,
multinervia, con una carina decurrente, hialina, los
márgenes hialinos, contraída en una vaina amplia,
comprimida, dilatada arriba, la excede en longitud.
Inflorescencia en racimo denso, termina en corimbo o umbela, de 1.5 a 3.4 cm de diámetro; raquis
robusto, de 1 a 4 cm de largo, estriado, las estrías
sinuosas, hialinas; escapo largo, cada vez más delgado hacia la base, la parte descubierta de 5.3 a 16
cm de largo, con 5 alas prominentes, entre algunas
de ellas hay 3 venas. Bráctea floral descendente, a
veces extendida, cóncava, ovada o triangular, obtusorredondeada o aguda, de 2 a 3 mm de largo, 1.5 a
1.6 mm de ancho, de color verde claro, con un nervio, con una carina decurrente. Ovario ascendente,
en un pedicelo largo, recto o poco arqueado, torcido
abajo, linearcilíndrico, de 9 a 11 mm de largo, 0.8
mm de diámetro, amarillento, glabro, con 3 costillas. Flores ascendentes, abren en sucesión, de larga
duración, verdes amarillentas, amarillas al envejecer. Sépalo dorsal reflejo y hasta adpreso al ovario,
ovadolanceolado u oblongoovado, obtusorredondeado a obtuso, de 3.4 a 4 mm de largo, 1.5 a 1.6 mm
de ancho, trinervio, los lados revolutos. Sépalos
laterales casi libres entre sí, erectos, divaricados,
torcidos, oblicuos, oblongoovados a ovadolanceolados, obtusorredondeados, de 3.5 a 4 mm de largo,
1.8 a 2 mm de ancho, trinervios, el nervio central
sigmoide, ambos lados revolutos. Pétalos retroflexos, oblicuos, oblongos, algo atenuados, subagudos o redondeados, de 2.3 a 3 mm de largo, 0.4 a
0.5 mm de ancho, amarillos verdosos, uninervios.
Labelo introrso, erecto, craso, la parte proximal
con los lados incurvados, en la base redondeado o
subcordato, deltoide, de 2.5 a 3.2 mm de largo, 2 a 3
mm de ancho, amarillo verdoso, la parte distal crasa, poco incurvada, rostrada, triangular, obtusa o
redondeada, de 1 mm de largo, por fuera carinado,
la carina impresa, excavado, la cavidad subcuadrada, de la mitad de la longitud del labelo o poco más,
en la base provista con una lamela transversal, porrecta, oblata, rectangular, truncada, que continúa a
cada lado y termina en el ápice, el conjunto en for-
ibugana
ma de letra U, en el interior posee un disepimento
dilatado en ambos extremos, en el ápice presenta
un engrosamiento transversal que se adelgaza hacia
delante, desaparece poco a poco al acercarse a los
márgenes. Columna subextendida, poco dilatada en
la base, a continuación algo constricta, subcuadrada, de 0.8 a 1 mm de largo, 0.9 a 1 mm de ancho,
de color verde; clinandrio amplio, ocupa casi toda
la cara dorsal de la columna, trilobulado; lóbulos
laterales crasiúsculos, erectos, subcuadrados, poco
atenuados, subtruncados, con un seno somero, exceden al estigma pero no al rostelo, con los lados del
estigma forman un seno acuminado, corto; lóbulo
central craso, oblato, deltoide, obtusorredondeado
o redondeado; rostelo conduplicado, truncado o
emarginado, el seno amplio y somero, provisto con
un apículo algo reflejo, carinado en el dorso; estigma convexo, oblato, redondeado, rectangular, poco
menor que la mitad de la columna. Antera mucho
más ancha que larga, obtrapeziforme en vista dorsal, apenas emarginada, con una mácula dorsal de
color verde, los lados de color blanco crema; lóculos
separados, cóncavos someros, truncados en el ápice,
crenulados, el margen apical delgado. Polinario
con cuatro polinios en dos pares, cada uno de ellos
aplanado, oblicuo, oblongoovado u ovado, ca. de 0.5
mm de largo, amarillo, ceráceo; viscidios dos, ovoides, pastosos. Fruto ascendente, oblicuo, cuneado a
redondeado, oblongoelipsoide a obovoide, más corto
que el pedicelo, de 6 a 8 mm de largo, 3 a 3.6 mm
de diámetro, amarillento, liso, con 3 costillas que a
veces presentan protuberancias grandes.
DISTRIBUCIÓN EN MÉXICO: Chiapas?, Jalisco y
Oaxaca?
HáBITAT: Terrestre, en el encinar, bosque de pino
y encino y bosque tropical subperennifolio, en cañadas, a veces en suelos rocosos, ricos en materia
orgánica, entre 500 y 1 500 m s.n.m.; muy escasa.
ÉPOCA DE FLORACIÓN: Fines de julio, agosto hasta
mediados de septiembre.
ETIMOLOGíA: El nombre de la especie se dedica en
honor de Rogers McVaugh, autor de Flora NovoGaliciana.
MATERIAL EXAMINADO. JALISCO; CASIMIRO
CASTILLO: 8 km al este de Casimiro Castillo, laderas del cerro La Petaca, bosque mesófilo [de montaña], 800 m s.n.m., 15-VIII-1986, I. Contreras et R.
BOLETíN IBUG | JUNIO 19 DE 2007 | VOL. 15 | NúM. 1–2 | pp. 35–64
47
ROBERTO GONzáLEz TAMAyO ET AL.
Figura 5. Malaxis mcvaughiana; planta a la extrema derecha; bráctea floral a la izquierda de la planta; vista ventral de la
flor en la parte inferior izquierda; vista lateral de la flor a la izquierda de la planta; partes del perianto en la parte superior izquierda; vista ventral de la columna a la izquierda de la planta; vista dorsal de la columna a la derecha de la planta; polinios
a la derecha de las partes del perianto. Planta de la colección típica.
48
ibugana
BOLETíN IBUG | JUNIO 19 DE 2007 | VOL. 15 | NúM. 1–2 | pp. 35–64
A NEW SPECIES OF NEMASTYLIS (IRIDACEAE) FROM MEXICO
ELWOOD MOLSEED1 & ROBERT W. CRUDEN
Molseed, E. (Univ. of San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif.) & R. W. Cruden
(Univ. of Iowa, Iowa City). A new species of NemastyIis (Iridaceae) from
Mexico. Brittonia 20: 235-237. 1968.--A robust, yellow-flowered Nemastylis
from the state of Colima, Mexico, is described as new.
While examining a series of pleated leaved Iridaceae from Mexico, kindly lent
by Dr. Rogers McVaugh, Elwood Molseed first noted an unusual Nemastylis. The
large yellow flowers of this species are quite striking, both on herbarium sheets
and in the wild. It is a great pleasure to name this species for its initial collector,
a devoted student of Mexican botany, Dr. Rogers McVaugh. The illustrations
were prepared by Charlotte Mentges, University of California, Berkeley, and Mrs.
Judith Scheidig, Berkeley.
N e m a s t y l i s M c V a u g h i i Molseed & Cruden, sp. nov. (Fig. 1).
Plantae robustae usque ad 40 cm altae; flores 2 vel 3, flavi; bulbus latis-ovoideus
vel subglobosus, 2.5-4.0 cm longus, 6-10 cm subterraneus, tunicis atropurpureobrunneis, extensus sursum in collo brevi caulem et folia cingens; folia basalia 1 vel 2,
folium primum 34-48 cm longum, 0.7-1.9 cm latum, glabrum, plicatum, linearilanceolatum, folium secundum, si praesens, folium primum aequans vel brevius
angusti-lineare; folium caulinum unicum, 27-40 cm longum, 6-11 cm latum,
interdum cure ramo in axilla; folia basalia et caulina inflorescentiam superantia, caulis
teres, 15-29 cm altum, in spatha terminans; spathae bracteae subaequales, 5.0-8.0
cm longae, interdum duae, plerumque tres, duae exteriores interior includens,
unaquaque florem subtendens, exteriores herbaceae, interior cum margine membranaceo; pedicelli filiformes, in fructu dilatati; ovarium angusti-turbinatum vel
clavatum, 7.5-10 mm longum; tepala dimorpha, flava, exteriora oblanceolata,
acutata, 36-43 m m longa, 10-13 mm lata, interiora lanceolata, acutata, 13-17 mm
longa, 3.5-5.0 mm lata; filamenta connata, 5 7 mm longa; antherae luteae, 23-27
mm longae; stylus et fila in longitudine aequalia; styli rami purpurascentes vel
lavenduli ad basim, apices albi, 4 5 mm longi; capsula elliptica-clavata, 18-27 mm
longa; semina ovoidea angnlata, castenea, 2-3 mm longa.
TYPE: M E X I C O : Colima: Route 110, ca. 17.5 km SSW of Cd. Colima, near Kin.
238, disturbed and non-disturbed areas in tropical deciduous woodland, ca. 500 m,
9 Jul 1966, Molseed 449. (HOLOTYPE:UC M200434; ISOTYPES: ICF, GH, M E X U ,
K, US.)
Additional specimens examined:
MEXICO: CoLr~tA: Mt. Summit near pass, ca. 11 mi SSW of Cd. Colima on Manzanillo road,
deciduous woodland now nearly in full foliage, dominated by various Leguminosae, Cnidoscolus,
500 m, 19 Jul 1957, McVaugh 15,554 (MICH); same locality as type, fruiting material, 29 Aug
1966, Molseed 449B (UC).
Nemastylis McVaughii is easily distinguished from other members of the genus
by its large yellow flowers, general robust habit, strongly dimorphic tepals, and
usually three flowers. Of the four species recognized by Foster (1945), only N.
1 Deceased April 1967. This is the second in a series of papers in which Dr. Molseed's taxonomic
work and ideas are published.
BRITTONIA20: 235--237. Jul.-Sept. 1968.
235
236
BRITTONIA
[VOL. 20
FIG. 1. a) Habit of flowering plant X s~; b) flower X 1; c) capsules X I1~.
1968]
MOLSEED & CRUDEN" NEMASTYLIS
237
gemini]lora N u t t . approaches N. McVaughii in robustness. The flowers of N. McVaughii open in mid-morning and close a few hours later. This distinctive species
is known only from the type locality.
LITERATURE
CITED
Foster, R . C . 1945. A revision of the North American species of Nemastylis Nutt. Contr. Gray
Herb. (Harvard Univ.) 155: 26-44.
DIOSCOREACEAE
369
flowers of D. militaris and usually in D. jaliscana, but in sorne long-pedicelled forms
the disk may be poorly developed or almost unrecognizable (as in D. liebmannii,
which has strongly lobed leaves but may be otherwise similar).
Thus the type of D . hirsuticaulis has the leaf-form and larger anthers of D.
jaliscana, the very narrow spikes of D. militaris, and pubescence not unlike sorne
forms of that species. Díaz Luna 361, from La Primavera 22 km W of Guadalajara,
is similar but not so heavily pubescent. A specimen from near Guadalajara (Diguet
220, P), and one from Cerro Sta. María SW of Jiquilpan (Feddema 247), have the
leaves and pubescenee-of D. jaliscana with the spikes and ftowers of D. militaris. A
plant from "Mt. Apatzingán, 2000 ft." (Leavenworth & Hoogstraal 1732, F) , has
glabrous lobed leaves like those of D. militaris (or D. liebmannii) , the pedicels 2.5
mm long, the stamens on a well-developed disk as in D. militaris.
Knuth (1924) says "styli in columnam uniti" in his key for both jaliscana and
hirsuticaulis, but in the description of each species he says correctly "styli distincti. "
Plants that are otherwise referable to D. jaliscana, but with the ftower-color
reported as "maroon," have been collected near the summit ridges of the Sierra de
Manantlán, at 1900 m (litis et al. 3126) .
Dioscorea liebmannii Uline, Bot. Jahrb. 22: 429. 1896; R . Knuth, Pftanzenreich
IV. 43 [Heft 87]: 101..fig. 21 . 1924.
Forested slopes, ravines, rocky places or in deep soils, tropical deciduous forest
with Ficus, Trichilia, Bursera, Cordia, foothills and lowlands of the Pacific slope,
sometimes on limestone, 150-500 m, ftowering Sep-Nov.
Jal., Col. , Mich., Gro. (Chavita, Langlassé 511), Oax . (Ocotlán, Liebmann in
1842, 9, C , the holotype ; B!, isotype), Chis. (according to Matuda).
Between Bahía de Navidad and La Manzanilla (M&augh 20985, 9); 18 km
SSW of Colima, road to Manzanillo (Anderson 12693, o); Cañón el Marqués N of
Nueva Italia (McVaugh 18008, o).
Twining, herbaceous, 2-4 m long, minutely scabrellous on the foliar veins and
the angles of the branchlets, nearly glabrous, the leaves membranous, glabrous
above; blades 5-9 cm long, 5-7.5 cm wide, 3-lobed, the lobes long and more or less
egua!, acute and ascending, with the central lobe elliptic, 3-7 cm long, anc: t'1e
lateral lobes 3-4.5 cm long; lobes sometimes unequal, the central lobe ovate and
longer than the lateral ones; staminate racemes pointed, 2-6 cm long, rather stiff
and crowded, the ftowers erect, 15-25 per cm of the axis; pedicels stiff, 3-4 mm
long; perianth green or yellow-green, divided almost its whole length, 1.7-2 mm
long, twice as long as the stamens; stamens 3; anthers 0.5 mm long, optning
introrsely; disk obscure or wanting; stylar rudiment convex; pistillate rae ~ mes
closely flowered, 5-10 cm long, the internodes mostly 3-6 mm long, often shorter
than the ovaries; perianth ca 1.5 mm long, the neck ca 0.5 mm long, the lobes in
ftower and fruit ascending or incurved; styles distinct, 1 mm long; fruit dry, angled,
15-19 mm long, 7-8 mm wide.
Dioscorea mcvaughii B. G. Schubert, sp. nov., planta herbacea; caules tenues,
ex rhizomate tenui fragilique exorientes, angulati vel sulcati, aliquantum minute
cristati ve! serratulati, 2-4 folia ferentes; folia 7-nervata, nervis extremis bi- ve! .
trifurcatis; foliorum lamina ovato-orbicularis, basi cordata, supra infraque glabra
370
FLORA NOVO-GALICIANA
sed punctis minimis rubro-punctata, sinu basali ob margines contiguos vel imbricatos valde angusto vel clauso; plantae staminiferae perianthii lobis albo-viridibus,
subaequalibus, ca 3 mm longis, staminibus 3 linguiformibus, rudimento stylino
prominenti 1 mm alto; plantae pistillatae similares, inflorescentibus spicatis 1-3 cm
longis, flores 5 vel piures ferentibus; columna stylina crassa 1.7 mm longa, ramis 3
brevibus, subbifidis; staminodia 6, 3 antherifera, 3 linguiformia brevioraque ;
capsula subrotunda vel fere rectangularis, juniores carnosae, vetustae apice dehiscentes, 5-6 mm longae lataeque; semina grosse suberoso-rugosa, reticulata, ca 3
mm longa, 2 mm lata, in uno extremo applanata.
Known only from the type-locality, above the lake at Santa María del Oro,
Nay. , near the road a short distance beyond the first view of the lake (B. G.
Schubert & M. Sousa S. 2021, <¡>, A , the holotype; MICH, MEXU, isotypes).
Collected at exactly the same locality, on hillsides under oaks, 800-1000 m, on the
same day, 6 Oct (Schubert & Sousa 2031, o, A).
Small weakly erect herbaceous plants arising from a brittle slender rhizome up
to 5 cm long; stem slender, bearing 2-4 leaves, 10-20 cm long, angular and/or
ridged and grooved, essentially glabrous but the stem, petioles, and axis of raceme
usually minutely serratulate as are the major veins of the leaves on the lower
surface, and the leaf-margins in the basal sinus; leaf-blades ovate-orbicular,
acuminate, up to 8.5 cm long, 7 cm wide, cordate at base, the basal sinus closed or
very narrow; petioles 3-5 cm long; spikes very short, few-flowered; staminate
flowers ca 3 mm long, the perianth-lobes subequal, greenish white with scattered
tiny red glandular .dots; stamens 3, central, ca 1.5 mm long; staminodes 3,
linguiform, flat, elongate, almost as long as the filaments ; stylar rudiment prominent, 1 mm high; pistillate plants similar, the spikes 1-3 cm long with up to 5 or
more sessile flowers; stylar column 1.7 mm long, thick, with 3 short recurved subbifid branches; staminodes 6, 3 antheriferous, 3linguiform, shorter; fruit subrotund
to almost rectangular or almost orbicular, superficially smooth but with sorne glandular dots , fleshy when young, in age 5-6 mm long and wide, dehiscent at apex;
seeds reddish brown, corky-rugose and reticulate, ellipsoid-ovoid, flattened at one
end, ca 3 mm long and 2 mm wide.
The new species, Dioscorea mcvaughii, is composed of unique plants arising
from slender, brittle rhizomes; although of low stature, they are erect rather than
repent, with the leaves large in proportion to the height of the plants. The leafsurfaces are glabrous but provided with red glandular dots throughout. The capsutes range from more or less orbicular to almost quadrangular in outline, dehisce
from the apex, and are 3-locular with two corky, reddish brown, rugose-reticulate,
exalate seeds per locule.
Once having collected these small plants one realizes it may be necessary to
brush aside fallen leaves from the shading oak trees to find additional plants in
flower and/or fruit.
It is a pleasure to name this new species for Rogers McVaugh who, many years
ago, suggested the general area where this species was found as a Jikely region for
good collecting.
Dioscorea mexicana Scheidw. Hort. Beige 4: 99. pi. 76. 1837. Dioscorea macrostachya Benth. Pl. Hartw. 73. 1841. Dioscorea macrostachya var. sessiliflora
COMMELINACEAE
185
1.5-2 mm wide, oblong-lanceolate, acute, densely lanate; petals free, 1-1.5 cm
long, 0.8-1.2 cm wide, ovate, purple-pink or violet-blue; stamens ca 8-12 mm
long, bearded with hairs colored like the petals; ovary densely hairy; capsule 4-5
mm long; seeds 2.2 mm long, 1.4-1.7 mm wide, ellipsoid or ovoid-truncate, blackish, radially ridged. 2n=12, 24. Usually seU-incompatible.
Material from our area tends to have relatively long (10-20 cm), narrowly
oblong-lanceolate leaves and stems which "zig-zag" between the nodes more conspicuously, when pressed, than in material from further south in the range. Examples of this form are as follows:
N ay., Mpio. Ixtlán, roadside of hwy. 15 about 15 km E of Ixtlán del Río, 1300
m ( Cruden 1056); "25 mi" SE of Tepic a long highway to Guadalajara, "to 4000 ft"
(Gentry 10870); Ags., Aguascalientes (Hartweg 236, K); Mpio. Aguascalientes,
hwy. to Ojuelos, Jal., "9 mi" E of Aguascalientes, 2000 m (McVaugh 16652); Jal.,
near Huejuquilla [El Alto] (Rose 2527, US); 14 km N of Guadalajara, barranca of
Río Santiago, 1480 m (Detling 9500, ENCB); Mpio. Zapopan, barranca de Huentitán, 1470 m (Díaz Luna 165, ENCB).
Leaves narrowly oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, rounded to subamplexicaul at
base, conspicuously channelled, (6-) 10-20 cm long, 1.5-3 cm wide, glabrous on
the adaxial surface, more or less densely lanate abaxially.
Tradescantia mcvaughii D. R. Hunt, sp. nov. ad sect. Mandoniam D. R. Hunt
pertinens, T. llamasii Matuda et T. masonii Matuda ut videtur affinis, pedicellis
autem elongatis atque floribus majoribus species propria aestimanda. Typus: Mexico, Colima, ca 25 km SE of Manzanillo, s e end of Laguna de Cuyutlán, near sealevel, low rocky bluffs wooded with deciduous Leguminosae, Opuntia, Cnidoscolus, Pedilanthus, abundant on shaded rocks, 22 Jul1957, McVaugh 15615 (MICH!,
the holotype).
Low rocky bluffs in deciduous woodland, shaded rocks, spiny matorral, sealevel to 400 m in the Pacific lowlands and foothills, flowering and fruiting Jul-Aug.
Jal., Mpio. La Huerta, La Fortuna, 10 km N of Charnela (Puga 13149, IBUG);
Mpio. La Huerta, Estación de Biología Charnela, 110 m (Delgado 325 & Hernández 2573, Magallanes 3670). Known only from these collections and the type.
Stems up to 40 cm long; internodes in the flowering zone up to 5 cm long, 2-3
mm in diameter, pubescent; leaves lanceolate to narrowly elliptic-ovate, narrowed
into the sheath, 6-14.5 cm long, 1.5-4.5 cm wide, membranous, sparsely hairy or
glabrous on the adaxial surface, softly pubescent abaxially and on the margins;
inflorescences axillary, sessile, relatively few-flowered and even-sized, subtended
by normalleaves; pedicels up to 17 mm long, slender, glabrous or weakly pilose;
sepals lanceolate, acuminate, ca 7 mm long, 2 mm wide, hyaline, weakly pilose;
petals free , ca 10 mm long, 9 mm wide, white; stamens 8-9 mm long, the filaments
bearded; ovary 1.5 mm long, densely pilose; style 6-7 mm long; capsule and seeds
not seen in typical material (see below).
This is one of a rarely-collected series of white-flowered members of sect.
Mandonia with flattish leaves, which occur at low elevations along the Pacific
slopes of Mexico from Sinaloa to Chiapas. Its relationships with species from
adjacent areas, Tradescantia llamasii (Méx., Oax.) and T. masonii (Sin.; probably
186
FLORA NOVO-GALICIANA
pink-flowered), need further study, but it seems distinct by virtue of the elongate
pedicels, larger flowers, and broader and differently textured leaves. T. burchii
and T. guiengolensis Matuda (Oax.) differ in their habit and leaves, and the much
more floriferous inflorescences, and are probably not closely related.
The following collection may also be referable here, or could be a distinct
species: Jal., Mpio. Jilotlán de Los Dolores, near the Jal.-Mich. border, 400 m
(Ornelas et al. 1065, IBUG). lt has freely branched stems; smaller leaves 5-7 cm
long and 1.5-2 cm wide, densely pubescent on both surfaces; pedicels 10-12 mm
long, densely pilose, the hairs bulbous-based; sepals 4.5 mm long, 1.8 mm wide,
densely pubescent; petals ca 6 mm long; capsule 3 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, shortly
and stiffly hairy toward apex; seeds 1-2 per locule, 1.6 mm long and 1.5 mm wide
if 2, or 3.2 mm long and 1.5 mm wide if solitary, dark gray, ridged and alveolate.
The numerous capsules suggest that the plant collected was seU-compatible, a
relatively unusual feature in this genus.
Tradescantia orchidophylla Rose & Hemsl. in Hook. le. PI. 26: pl. 2522. 1897,
Fig. 46.
and sensu Matuda, Anal. Inst. Biol. [Méx]. 26: 395.fig. 26. 1956 ["1955"].
Shrubby slopes and forest margins, thorn forest, tropical deciduous forest,
sometimes in disturbed (secondary) forest areas, 360-1000 m, flowering and fruiting Jun-Aug.
Jal., Col. (in dark wet woods below Colima, 5 Jul1892, M. E. Iones 467, US,
the holotype, not seen; K!, isotype, K, drawing), Mich. Endemic to western Mexico.
Jal. , Corcovado Canyon, "10 mi" NE of Autlán toward Guadalajara, 3600 ft
(Wilbur & Wilbur 1389); Mpio. Autlán, "6 mi" NE of Autlán (Gentry 10941);
Mpio. El Limón, 3 km SE of El Limón, Cerro El Zapote, 1000 m (Santana Michel
4456); Mpio. Venustiano Carranza, 22 km al NW of V. Carranza, 2 km from
Apulco, road to El Grullo (Lott 435); Mich., Distr. Apatzingán, Mal País, 360 m
(Hinton 12008, K).
Acaulescent, or with short-stemmed side-shoots; leaves few, seemingly in a basal
rosette appressed to the ground, ovate-lanceolate to broadly ovate to orbicular,
obtuse to acute, sessile and broadly rounded at base, up to 10 cm long, 12 cm wide,
membranous, purple-spotted, glabrous or sparsely pilose on the adaxial surface,
weakly pilose abaxially, longitudinally 15-24-nerved; inflorescence a densely congested terminal cluster of sessile cyme-pairs, accompanied by subsidiary clusters
in the axils of the uppermost leaves; bracts obsolete; bracteoles linear; flowers
numerous, 1.5-2 cm in diameter; pedicels slender, elongated, 2.5-5 cm long, densely
pilose; sepals and petals free; sepals ovate-lanceolate, ca 5-7 mm long, 2.5-3 mm
wide, densely pilose; petals ovate, ca 8 mm long, 7 mm wide, white; stamens ca 5
mm long, the filaments glabrous, the connectives obdeltate; ovary ellipsoid, ca 1.2
mm long, glabrous; style 3 mm long, the stigma capitellate; capsule ovoid, ca 4
mm long, 3 mm wide; seeds partly elliptic in outline, acute at one end, truncate at
the other, ca 1.7 mm long, 1.3 mm wide, gray-brown, rugose.
Tradescantia pallida (Rose) D. R. Hunt, Kew Bu!!. 30: 452. 1975. Setcreasea
pallida Rose, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 13: 294. 1911. Setcreasea purpurea Boom,
Acta Bot. Néerl. 4: 167. 1955.
Luz Maria Gonzalez Villarreal