Brittonia, 31(4), 1979, pp. 483-487. 9 1979, by the New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY 10458 RESURRECTION OF THE GENUS DACTYLADENIA (CHRYSOBALANACEAE) GHILLEAN T. PRANCE AND FRANK WHITE Prance, Ghillean T. (New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, N Y 10458) and F r a n k White (Department of Botany and Department of Forestry, University of Oxford, Oxford, Great Britain). Resurrection of the genus Dactyladenia (Chrysobalanaceae). Brittonia 31: 483-487. 1979.--Dactyladenia, which has been universally regarded as a synonym of Acioa for more than 100 years, is restored to generic rank, and 26 new combinations are made in an enumeration of the 27 species accepted by the authors. The African genus Dactyladenia Welw. is one of 17 genera of Chrysobalanaceae accepted by Prance & White (in press) in their generic monograph of the family. Up till now it has been regarded as congeneric with the American genus Acioa Aublet by virtually all authors, and it is under that name that its species appear in recent works on the African flora. In the course of our monographic study, it became apparent that Dactyladenia shares few features with Acioa other than the staminal ligule, and should be resurrected as a genus. Our esteemed colleague Monsieur R. Letouzey, who had already drawn attention to the considerable differences between the American and African groups of species (in Letouzey & White, 1978), fully agrees with our decision to restore Dactytadenia to generic rank. The taxonomic history and relationships of Dactyladenia and Acioa are discussed at some length in the monograph, but, in order to avoid publishing new names there, the necessary new combinations are made below in an enumeration of the 27 species that we recognize. Nearly all the species of A cioa that we regard as synonymous with the species we accept in Dactyladenia are cited in synonymy by Letouzey and White (1978) and are not included in the enumeration below. They are: Acioa brazzae De Wild., A. dawei Mendes, A. klaineana Pierre ex De Wild., A. lanceolata Engl., A. reygaertii De Wild., A. rudatisii Engl. ex De Wild., A. seretii De Wild., A. talbotii Bak.f., A. tenuiflora Dinkl. & Engl., A. thollonii De Wild. and A. vanhouttei De Wild. The remaining synonyms, namely A. buchneri Engl. and A. gossweileri Cavaco are cited here under A. lujae. Enumeration of the Species DACTYLADENIA W e l w . Dactyladenia Welw. Apontamentos Phytogeogr. F1. Prov. Angola; Ann. Cons. Ultramar. 1: 572. 1858 [1859l, non X Dactylodenia Garay & Sweet, 1966 (Orchidaceae). Gri//onia Hook.f. in Benth. & Hook.f, Gen. P1. 1: 608. (ca 19 Oct) 1865, non Gri//onia Baill., (7 Oct) 1865 (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae).--Oliver, F1. Trop. Afr. 2: 371. 1871. Acioa auct., non Aubl. quoad spec. et syn. Afr. tantum; Baill. Adansonia 7: 221. 1867.-Focke in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3 ( 3 ) : 60. 1891; Hutch., Gen. FI. P1. 1: 192. 1944. Acioa subgen. AJracioa R. Letouzey in Letouzey & White, F1. Cameroun 20: 7. 1978. Shrubs or small trees, sometimes scandent. Leaves usually with two glands on BRITTONIA 31: 483--487. October-December, 1979. 484 BRITTONIA [VOL. 31 the lower surface near the base, often with small glands near the apex, the lower surface glabrous or with stiff ferruginous hairs, m o r e rarely with whitish arachnoid or lanate indumentum. Petiole eglandular. Inflorescence a simple r a c e m e or a raceme of zig-zag, usually lax, false racemes, m o r e rarely a subcapitate spike (D. w h y t e i ) . Bracts and bracteoles not enclosing the flower-buds in small groups, often with stalked or sessile glands. Flowers bisexual, strongly zygomorphic. Receptacle-tube usually elongate and narrowly obconic-tubular, usually longer than the upper pedicel, often slightly gibbous at the base, glabrous inside except near the throat. Sepals 5, r o u n d e d or acute, usually spreading or reflexed, often with stalked or sessile marginal glands, the adaxial surface whitish-tomentellous. Petals 5, caducous. Stamens 10-75, coiled in bud, the filaments ligulately connate for most of length, inserted on posterior rim of faucal annulus, far exserted, m u c h longer than c o m b i n e d length of calyx and receptacle-tube. Staminodes short, filiform or denticulate. O v a r y monocarpellary, 1-1ocular, inserted at m o u t h of receptacle-tube; style filiform, slightly longer than the stamens, slightly 3-lobed at apex. Drupe usually m o r e than 3 cm long, m o r e or less ovoid, but usually markedly tapered towards the pointed apex; epicarp often ferruginous-tomentose and with longer hispid hairs, less often glabrous; mesocarp thin; e n d o c a r p thin but hard, with a roughish surface, hairy inside, with no special mechanism allowing seedlings to escape. 1. Dactyladenia barteri (Hook.f. ex Oliver) P r a n c e & F. White, comb. nov. Griffonia barteri Hook.f. ex Oliver, F1. Trop. Afr. 2: 373. 1871. TYPE: NIGERIA: Lagos (fl., fr.), Barter 2183 (LECTOXYPEhere designated: K; lSOL~CTOTVPE: P). Acioa barteri (Hook.f. ex Oliver) Engl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 26: 382. 1899.--Letouzey & F. White, F1. Cameroun 20: 10, t. 1. 1978. 2. Dactyladenia bellayana (Baill.) Prance & F. White, comb. nov. Acioa bellayana Baill. Adansonia 7: 224. 1867. TYPE: GABON: without precise locality (fl.), Griffon du Bellay 602 (HOLOTYPE: P).--Letouzey & F. White, F1. Cameroun 20: 13, t. 2. 1978. 3. Daclyladenia campestris (Engl.) Prance & F. White, comb. nov. Acioa campestris Engl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 87. 1893. T w o : GABON: Sibange Farm (fl.), Soyaux 362 (HOLOTYPE: B, destroyed; LECXOXYPEhere designated: P).--Letouzey & F. White, F1. Cameroun 20: 16, t. 3. 1978. 4. Dactyladenia chevalieri (De Wild.) Prance & F. White, comb. nov. Acioa chevalieri De Wild. Bull. Jard. Bot. l~tat 7: 213. 1920. TYPE: GABON: lac Ogh6mou6 (fl., fr.), Fleury in Chevalier 26665 (LECTOXYPE here designated: P ) . - - Letouzey & F. White, F1. Cameroun 20: 19, t. 4. 1978. 5. Dactyladenia cinerea (Engl. ex De Wild.) Prance & F. White, comb. nov. Acioa cinerea Engl. ex De Wild. Bull. Jard. Bot. l~tat 7: 211. 1920. TYPE: CAMEROUN: Bipindi (fl.), Zenker 2903 (HOLOTYPE: B, not destroyed; lSOTYPES: BR, K, Z).-- Letouzey & F. White, F1. Cameroun 20: 22, t. 5. 1978. 6. Dactyladenia dewevrei (De Wild. & Th. Dur.) P r a n c e & F. White, comb. nov. Acioa dewevrei De Wild. & Th. Dur. Ann. Mus. Congo, S6r. 2, 1 (2): 19. 1900. TYPE: ZAiRE: Lukolela (fl.), Dewkvre 743 (HOLOXYPE: BR).--Letouzey & F. White, F1. Cameroun 20: 24, t. 6. 1978. 1979] PRANCE & W H I T E : Dactyladenia dichotoma 7. DACTYLADENIA 485 (De W i l d . ) P r a n c e & F. White, comb. nov. Acioa dichotorna De Wild. Bull. Jard. Bot. I~tat. 7: 216. 1920. TYPE: NIGERIA: Eket District (fl.), Talbot 3048 (HOLOTYPE: BM). Dactyladenia dinldagei 8. ( E n g l . ) P r a n c e & F. White, comb. nov. Acioa dinklagei Engl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 26: 381. 1899. TYPE: LIBERIA: Grand Bassa (fl.), Dinklage 1748 (HOLOTVPE: B, not destroyed; lSOTVPES: BM, E, W). Dactyladenia eketensis 9. ( D e Wild.) P r a n c e & F. White, comb. nov. Acioa eketensis De Wild. Bull. Jard. Bot. l~tat 7: 214. 1920. TYPE: NIGERIA: Eket District (fl.), Talbot s.n. (HOLOTYPE: BM).--Letouzey & F. White, El. Cameroun 20: 28, t. 7. 1978. 10. DACTYLADENIA FLORIBUNDA Welw. Dactyladenia floribunda Welw. Apontamentos Phytogeogr. F1. Prov. Angola; Ann. Cons. Ultramar. 1: 572. 1858 [1859]. TYPE: ANGOLA: Serra do Alto Queta (fl.), Welwitsch 1289 (LECTOTYPEof Mendes, 1970: LISU; ISOLECTOXYPES: BM, CO1, K, P). Acioa floribunda (Welw.) Exell, J. Bot. 66(Suppl. Polypet.): 161. 1928.--Letonzey & F. White, F1. Cameroun 20: 30, t. 8. 1978. 1 1. D a c t y l a d e n i a gilletii (De Wild.) P r a n c e & F. White, comb. nov. Acioa gilletii De Wild. Ann. Mus. Congo, Sdr. 5, Bot. 1: 47. Kinshasa (fl.), Gillet s.n. (HOLOTYPE: BR). 12. Dactyladenia hirsuta 1903. TYPE: ZA~RE: (A. Chev. ex D e Wild.) P r a n c e & F. White, comb. nov. Acioa hirsuta A. Chev. ex De Wild. Bull. Jard. Bot. l~tat 7: 200. 1920. TYPE: COTE D'IVOIRE: Cavally Basin, Grabo (fl.), Chevalier 19738 (HOLOTYPE: P). 13. Dactyladenia icondere (Baill.) P r a n c e & F. White, comb. nov. Acioa icondere Baill. Adansonia 7: 223. 1867. TYPE: GABON: without precise locality (fl.), Griffon du Bellay 313 (LECTOTYPE here designated: P; ISOLECTOTYPE: K ) . - - Letouzey & F. White, El. Cameroun 20: 33, t. 9. 1978. 14. Dactyladenia johnstonei ( H o y l e ) P r a n c e & F. White, comb. nov. Acioa johnstonei Hoyle, Bull. Misc. Inform. 1932: 258. 1932. TYPE: CAMEROUN: Bamenda, Bum (fl.), Johnstone 74/31 (HOLOTYPE: K; ISOTVPE: FHO).--Letouzey & F. White, F1. Cameroun 20: 36, t. 10. 1978. 15. Dactyladenia laevis (Pierre ex D e W i l d . ) P r a n c e & White, comb. nov. Acioa laevis Pierre ex De Wild. Bull. Jard. Bot. l~tat 7: 205. 1920. TYPE: GABON: Libreville (fl., fr.), Klaine 1890 (HOLOTVPE: P).--Letouzey & F. White, FI. Cameroun 20: 39, t. 11. 1978. 16. Dactyladenia lehmbachii ( E n g l . ) P r a n c e & F. White, comb. nov. Acioa lehmbachii Engl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 26: 379. 1899. TYPE: CAMEROUN: Buea (fl., fr.), Lehmbach 115 (HOLOXVPE: B, not destroyed).--Letouzey & F. White, El. Cameroun 20: 40, t. 12. 1978. 17. Dactyladenia letestui ( L e t o u z e y ) P r a n c e & F. White, comb. nov. Acioa letestai Letouzey, Adansonia, s~r. 2. 16: 240, t. 5. 1976. TYPE: GABON: La Lara, BRITTONIA 486 [VOL. 31 30 km S of Mitzic (fl., fr.), Le Testu 9352 (HOLOTYPE: P).--Letouzey & F. White, Fl. Cameroun 20: 44, t, 13. 1978. 18. Dactyladenia librevillensis (Letouzey) P r a n c e & F. White, comb. nov. Acioa librevillensis Letouzey, Adansonia, s6r. 2. 16: 238, t. 4. 1976. TYPE: GABON: Cap Esterias (fl.), Klein 55 (rtOLOTYPE: P; ISOTVPE: B).--Letouzey & F. White, FI. Cameroun 20: 48, t. 14. 1978. 19. Dactyladenia iujae ( D e Wild.) P r a n c e & F. White, comb. nov. Acioa lu]ae De Wild. Bull. Jard. Bot. I~tat 7: 209. 1920. TYPE: ZAiRE: Sankuru (fl.), Luja 38 (LECTOTYPEhere designated: BR). Acioa gossweileri Cavaco, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris), S6r. 2. 26: 638. 1954. TYVE: ANGOLA: Chitato, Dundo (fl.), Gossweiler 14039 (HOLOTYPE: P; ISOTYPES: BM, COI, LUA). ? Acioa buchneri Engl. Bot. Jahrh. Syst. 17: 88. 1893. TYPE: ANGOLA: Lunda, Chitato (fl., imm. fr.), Buchner 10 (HOLOTYPE: B, destroyed). 20. D a c t y l a d e n i a m a n n i i ( O l i v e r ) P r a n c e & F. White, comb. nov. Griffonia mannii Oliver, F1. Trop. Aft. 2: 372. 1871. TYVE: MACIAS NGUEMA ISLAND (Fernando Po): (fl.), M a n n 1427 (HOLOTYPE: K; ISOTYPE: P). Acioa mannii (Oliver) Engl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 26: 381. 1899.--Letouzey & F. White, F1. Cameroun 20: 50, t. 15. 1978. 21. Dactyladenia pallescens (Baill.) P r a n c e & F. White, comb. nov. Acioa pallescens Baill. Adansonia 7: 224. 1867. TYPE: GABON: without precise locality (fI.), Griffon du Bellay 261 (HOLOTYPE: P).--Letouzey & F. White, FI. Cameroun 20: 52, t. 16. 1978. 22. Dactyladenia pierrei ( D e Wild.) P r a n c e & F. White, comb. nov. Acioa pierrei De Wild. Bull. Jard. Bot. l~tat 7: 212. 1920. TYPE: GABON: Libreville (fl.), Klaine 196 (in Pierre 6395) (LECTOTYPEhere designated: P; ~SOLECTOTYPES: E, K ) . - - Letouzey & F. White, F1. Cameroun 20: 55, t. 17. 1978. 23. Dactyladenia sapinii (De Wild.) Prance & F. White, comb. nov. Acioa sapinii De Wild. Bull. Jard. Bot. Etat 4: 80. 1914. TYPE: ZAYRE: Bienge (fl.), Sapin s . n . (HOLOTYPE: BR). 24. Dactyladenia scabrifolia ( H u a ) P r a n c e & F. White, comb. nov. Acioa scabrifolia Hua, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. (Paris) 3: 328. 1897. TYPE: GUINEE: Timbo, Caremonga (fl.), Miquel 24 (HOLOTYVE: P). 25. Dactyladenia smeathmannii (Baill.) P r a n c e & F. White, comb. nov. Acioa smeathmannii Baill. Adansonia 10: 244. 1872. TYPE: SIERRA LEONE: precise locality (ft.), Smeathmann s.n. (HOLOTYPE: P, in herb. Juss. no. 15895). 26. Dactyladenia staudtii without ( E n g l . ) P r a n c e & F. White, comb. nov. Acioa staudtii Engl. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 26: 379. 1899. TYPE: CAMEROUN: Mbanga, near Lolodorf (fr.), Staudt 263 (HOLOTYPE: B, destroyed; LECTOTYI'E here designated: P; lSOLECTOTYPE: K).--Letouzey & F. White, F1. Cameroun 20: 58, t. 18. 1978. 27. D a c t y l a d e n i a whytei (Stapf) P r a n c e & F. White, comb. nov. 1979] PRANCE & WHITE: DACTYLADENIA 487 Acioa whytei Stapf, J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 37: 97. 1905. TYPE: LIBERIA: near Monrovia (fl.), Whyte s.n. (HOLOTYPE: K). Acknowledgment We are greatly indebted to Monsieur R. Letouzey who has written the account of Dactyladenia for our generic monograph and has kindly placed his extensive knowledge ,of the genus at our disposal. Literature Cited Letouzey, R. & F. White. 1978. Flore du Cameroun 20: 1-138. Prance, G. T. & F. White. In press. A generic monograph of Chrysobalanaceae. NEWS ANNOUNCEMENT 20th Annual Meeting and Symposium of the Society for Economic Botany The 1979 annual meeting of the Society for Economic Botany was held at North Carolina State University in Raleigh from 10 to 13 June. Dr. James W. Hardin served as local representative, and the Secretary of the Society, Dr. W. Hardy Eshbaugh, was program coordinator. The symposium, "Medicinal Plants--Past and Present," consisting of 11 papers was arranged by Dr. Hardin and Mr. E. M. Croom, Jr. There were 24 contributed papers covering a wide range of topics from "evidence for prehistoric races of maize derived from ceramic models," through "cactus alkaloids" to such things as "cultivation of tropical fruits in Florida." At the annual banquet, Dr. Richard Evans Schultes received the award of Distinguished Economic Botanist. The award was presented to him by Dr. Julia F. Morton, who last year was the first to be recognized as Distinguished Economic Botanist. New officers elect for the Society are: President Dr. John H. Beaman, Michigan State University Vice-President--Dr. Harry H. S. Fong, University of Illinois Members of the Council--Dr. Robert W. Read, Smithsonian Institution, and Dr. Elizabeth S. Sheldon, Auburn University. The meeting for the Society for 1980 will be held at Indiana University in Bloomington from June 15 to 18. Dr. Peter Bretting and Dr. C. B. Heiser will serve as the local representatives. Dr. A. Douglas Kinghorn will be responsible for organizing a symposium on the Leguminosae. In 1981 the Society will meet jointly with the American Society of Pharmacognosy in Boston.--GREGORY J. ANDERSON, Chairman, SEB Publicity Committee, Biological Sciences Group, U-43, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268.