Pacific Science (2000), vol. 54, no. 4: 345-363 © 2000 by University of Hawai'i Press. All rights reserved A Preliminary Checklist of the Flora of Rotuma with Rotuman Names! WILL MCCLATCHEY,2 RANDY THAMAN,3 AND SAULA VODONAIVALU 3 ABSTRACT: The terrestrial flora of the Rotuma island group consists of over 500 species of indigenous and introduced plants. Although the environment of these islands has been higWy modified by the Rotuman people, areas of ancient forest have survived. We provide here a list of the taxa identified by ourselves and others from Rotuma in the Bryophyta, Microphyllophyta, Pteridophyta, Coniferophyta, and Anthophyta. ROTUMA IS A GROUP of 10 volcanic islands that was administered as part of the British Crown Colony of Fiji from 1881 until Fijian independence in 1970. Since 1970, Rotuma administratively has remained a part of the independent nation of Fiji. It is located at 12° 30' S, 177° 05' E, about 450 km northnorthwest of the main Fiji group and 400 km southwest of Tuvalu (Figure lA). The indigenous Polynesian population of Rotuma in the 1996 census was 9727, with 2580 resident in Rotuma and 7147 living elsewhere in Fiji (Fiji Bureau of Statistics 1996). Of Rotuma's 10 volcanic islands, the largest, with an area of about 44 km 2 , is the main island, Rotuma (Figure IE). The island of Uea is the second largest island, having a surface area of just over 1 km 2 . It is the highest island in the group, with an elevation of 260 m. The other eight islands are currently uninhabited but serve as resource islands for the Rotuman people and may have served as refuges for certain elements of the native flora. A good description of the geology of the islands has been provided by Woodhall (1987), but there has been no published research yet to correlate the geology and geography with the distribution of Rotuman plants. Manuscript accepted 13 January 2000. Department of Botany, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawai'i 96822-2279. 3Department of Geography, School of Social and Economic Development, The University of the South Pacific, P.O. Box 1168, Suva, Fiji. 1 2 Rotuma Island is composed of at least 21 small volcanic peaks (or hills) and craters that provide many gentle slopes and some steep inclines but no peaks of substantial height. Valleys found in and between volcanic cones form a ring plain in the center of Rotuma. These are filled with rich soils developed from erosion of the surrounding hills (Laffan et al. 1982, Ladefoged 1993). Historical accounts from the l800s emphasize the abundance of food and the high fertility of the interior valleys (ring plain) (Bennett 1831, Lesson 1839). No permanent rivers exist on Rotuma (one does exist on Uea), but many temporary stream flows occur following frequent storms. Areas without rich soils are covered in more recent lava flows or, in lower areas, mixtures of sand and nutrient-poor, swampy soils. Rotuma's climate is tropical oceanic with a fairly even distribution of rain throughout the year (although dry periods can occur), with an average rainfall of 335 cm (Woodhall 1987). Temperatures range from 22 to 33°C with an annual mean of 26.7°C (Mueller-Dombois and Fosberg 1998). In general the climate supports a lush growth of plants on all land features. St. John (1954) described Rotuma Island as largely converted to copra production, with the native forest being cleared. He described two areas on Rotuma Island, Kilinga and Pepjei, as well as the isolated island of Uea as representing the only remaining areas of native forest. These areas had survived because of the rugged terrain and lack of soil suitable for agriculture. This picture has not 345 PACIFIC SCIENCE, Volume 54, October 2000 346 A ~, ~o, Tuvalu ". ...'~ '\10' Solomon Islands .. . ..,. "" ... ~ Rotu.rna Wallls& ... Samoa Futuna'" '0." o· . ~ ~j ~, ~. , .~, Vanuatu O·Fij~'.: ll, :New Caledonia ~ ,. ." G' .. Il... . ., .... '" B ( ) Uea t!JHatana 0. Haua'ti'u o Haua'meamea Malbaba (l,HoOl.a Itu'tl'u Pepjei c:::> Solnobu FIGURE Noata. a fgaha (J Solkope 1. A, The southwestern Pacific area. B, The Rotuma island group. changed substantially since St. John's fieldwork in 1938. However, "copra has declined in importance as a major source of income, although it remains Rotuma's main export" (RenseI1994: 66). There has been, as stressed by Clarke and Thaman (1993), development and maintenance of a polycultural agroforestry system, employing a diversity of root crops, banana and plantain cultivars, and other planted and protected useful trees. Pig rearing, often within elaborate stonewalled pens, is also an integral component of the agricultural system and has been recognized by Rotumans as having a considerable impact on the vegetation, especially herbaceous understory species and species with A Preliminary Checklist of the Flora of Rotuma-MCCLATCHEY ET vulnerable juvenile stages. Human population pressures on Rotuma have decreased over the last 30 yr with heavy migrations to Fiji, New Zealand, and Australia. The 1956 census reported a population of 2993 Rotumans on Rotuma (as cited in Rensel 1997). In 1991, during our research, the population was estimated by the District Officer to be at around 2500 people. Evidence of a substantial level of depopulation over the years is widespread, with many vacant houses, open house foundations, and fallow gardens being found throughout the island. This is partially due to population migrations and partially due to changing from traditional to modern housing (Rensel 1997). The earliest European botanical exploration of the islands occurred less than 2 yr before 1831, when George Bennett stayed for a short period on his way to Australia (Bennett 1831, 1860). Other early plant collectors who visited Rotuma and provided limited comments on the flora during the 1800s were Sir John Thurston (undated manuscript, "Ramble on Rotuma," in Thurston private papers, Fiji National Archives, Suva) and J. Stanley Gardiner (Gardiner 1898). Terrestrial botanical literature from Rotuma is largely limited to the published and unpublished results of St. John's 1938 trip to the islands (St. John 1938a,b, 1954, 1970a,b, 1975, n.d., Bartram 1943), very short agricultural reports (parham 1941, Hartley 1963, Brodie 1982), and ethnobotanical studies (McClatchey and Cox 1992, McClatchey 1993a,b, 1996a,b, Thaman and Clarke 1993). Although Rotuma is politically part of Fiji, it was specifically excluded from the most recently published flora of Fiji (Smith 1979, 1981, 1985, 1988, 1991) and from the floristic inventory of Fiji (Ash and Vodonaivalu 1989). In addition to studies of terrestrial plants, identification of the surrounding reef algae has been carried out by N'Yeurt and South (N'Yerut 1993a,b, 1995, 1996, South and N'Yeurt 1993, South et al. 1993, N'Yeurt et al. 1996). The study reported here is limited to terrestrial botany with the exception of angiosperms that have invaded the marine environment. AL. 347 MATERIALS AND METHODS Many botanists and other plant collectors have visited Rotuma, recording their observations and preparing herbarium vouchers. The following individuals are known to have collected from Rotuma: George Bennett, Todd Capsin, William Clarke, Paul Cox, J. Stanley Gardiner, D. Hassall, V. Kauvale, Harley Manner, Will McClatchey, Antoine N'Yeurt, Michael Stevens, Harold St. John, Randy Thaman, John Thurston, Saula Vodonaivalu, A. K. Waqatabu, and Arthur Whistler. In addition, specimens have been found in several herbaria with no collector listed, and a Fiji Department of Agriculture number has been assigned to the specimens. The main research by McClatchey, Thaman, Vodonaivalu, Clarke, and Manner took place in conjunction with several of the other listed researchers beginning in 1985 and ending in 1994, with about 8 months being spent in the island group. As part of our continuing studies of culturally important plants, we surveyed all major terrestrial ecosystems in each of the seven political districts of Rotuma: Noa'tau, Oinafa, Malhaha, Itu'muta, Itu'ti'u, Juju, and Pepjei (Figure lB). Plant specimens were collected as encountered in nonvillage settings. Some plants of notable cultural importance were also collected from within villages, but most ornamentals were not. Each of the islands was visited although most collection time was dedicated to Rotuma and Uea. Our voucher specimens were added to those of previous work already found in herbaria (BISH, H, K, SUVA, and us). Names for plants were provided by Rotuman collaborators. Names were either freely assigned in the field by Rotuman guides or were assigned in village group sessions with Rotuman elders reviewing specimens, discussing names, and reaching a consensus. All names recorded are the result of at least two independent reports of the same name. In some cases a plant name was only provided by a single informant. These names have not been included. In a few cases two different names were each independently verified so we have chosen to report both. The written PACIFIC SCIENCE, Volume 54, October 2000 348 Rotuman language system incorporates a system of diacritical marking on many of the vowels. These have been omitted but in many cases can be found by referencing the Rotuman dictionary (Inia et al. 1998). CassythaceaejLauraceae, CuscutaceaejConvolvulaceae, PunicaceaejLythraceae, Verbenaceae jLamiaceae, and the families of Liliopsida [sensu Cronquist 1988]). DISCUSSION RESULTS The taxa listed in Appendix 1 indicate an The checklist of Rotuman plants (Appen- overwhelming majority of angiosperms. The dix 1) is a compilation of the herbarium ferns (St. John 1954) compose the next most sheets available in the acknowledged her- common group, with only a few bryophytes baria as well as our own private collections, having been identified. The only member of which will be placed in BISH, BRY, and SUVA. the Coniferophyta is a species of introduced In addition, some species have been noted as timber trees that are not growing very well being present by the authors and others but (although they have attained a height of at are not represented by preserved collections least 15-20m). Much of the presented flora (the listing for these species is marked with an has been introduced, largely by the Rotuasterisk). mans and missionaries (ornamentals, weeds, The family names and circumscriptions and crops). The Fiji government has also used for grouping of species represent current directly or indirectly introduced numerous nomenclatural understandings. In some cases grasses and weeds through the experimental this means that species names or familial stations in Fiji and Rotuma and through affiliations differ from recent South Pacific government aid in the form of cattle (arriving floras. Because Rotuma is politically a part with their botanical baggage). The patterns of the Republic of Fiji, where the floras of of these introductions and their impacts will Smith (1979, 1981, 1985, 1988, 1991) and be discussed in a future presentation. Parham (1972) are used, the volume and Rotuman names for plants may be generpage number from these floras is recorded for alized to glosses based upon (1) large biologeach species in the checklist after the species ical discontinuities (Brown 1984), (2) generic listing. It is hoped that this cross-index will ranks (Berlin et al. 1973), or (3) specific facilitate use of the checklist while still accu- "species" and "varieties" (Berlin et al. 1973, rately reflecting current taxonomic revisions. Brown 1977) that may be labeled as binoNomenclature of bryophytes follows Bar- mials. Examples of plant names based upon tram (1943). As far as is known, no other large biological discontinuities include julia, work on Rotuman Bryophyta has occurred. "fern"; pupu, "grass or grasslike"; and faga, Pteridophytes are organized into families "vine." Examples of generic names include following Tryon and Tryon (1982). The one 'apea, Alocasia; kapui, Alpinia or Hedychium; gymnosperm is presented following the sys- maliha, "lily"; pari, Musa or Heliconia; sasa, tem of Kubitzki (1990). Monocotyledons are Piper; and tiere, Gardenia or Jasminum. organized following Dahlgren et al. (1985) as Examples of specific names include 'apea modified by Stevenson and Loconte (1995). mamala, Alocasia macrorrhiza; kapui mi'a, Dicotyledons are organized following Thorne Alpinia purpurata; maliha ne uasta, Zephy(1992) as modified by Judd et al. (1994). In ranthes candida; par Samoa, Heliconia laucertain cases, this has meant that commonly fao; and tier toga, Gardenia vitiensis. Most introduced plants were either given recognized families from other South Pacific studies have been recombined, recondensed, no name by our Rotuman collaborators or and recircumscribed to more accurately given descriptive names (e.g., huas fisi, literrepresent their hypothesized phylogenies ally "white flowers"). Introduced plants that (i.e., AraliaceaejApiaceae, Asclepiadaceaej are morphologically or functionally similar Apocynaceae, CapparidaceaejBrassicaceae, to traditionally important plants generally A Preliminary Checklist of the Flora of Rotuma-McCLATCHEY ET AL. have names that indicate this relationship (e.g., sa'aga Fiti, literally "the sa'aga from Fiji"). Finally, some introduced plants are commonly known by Rotumanized versions of their English names (e.g., "honeysuckle," hanisaka; "mango," magko; "pineapple," ponapa; and "vanilla," vanila). ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We are deeply grateful for the warm hospitality given by the people of Rotuma during each visit to Rotuma. Gagaj Taksas, Gagaj Maraf, and Gagaj Kona were of particular help in arranging accommodations on Rotuma as well as providing data for this project. Gagaj Manao proved to be an excellent guide, friend, and educator as we have learned about the Rotuman flora. Michael and Ana Stevens and Ieli Irava, principal of Rotuma High School, helped in the collection and identification of most of the plants in our collections as well as providing food, housing, and conversation throughout the periods of field research. Paul Cox, Richard Criley, Raymond Fosberg, Alan Howard, Walter Judd, Hans Schmidt, Harold St. John, and Art Whistler have provided substantial technical expertise and/or financial assistance in producing this flora. Brigham Young University provided partial funding to support two of the four field trips to Rotuma. We are also thankful for the assistance given by the staff of the following herbaria: A, B, BISH, BM, BO, BRI, BRY, CANB, CBG, FI, FLAS, GUAM, K, LAB, M, MEL, MO, MPU, NSW, P, PTBG, SUVA, and us. LITERATURE CITED ASH, J., and S. VODONAIVALU. 1989. Fiji. Pages 166-176 in D. G. Campbell and H. D. Hammond, eds. Floristic inventory of tropical countries: The status of plant systematics, collections, andvegetation, plus recommendations for the future. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York. BARTRAM, E. T. 1943. Pacific outpost mosses. Bryologist 48 : 14-22. 349 BENNETT, G. 1831. Notices on the native plants of the island of Rotuma, southern Pacific Ocean. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 5: 92-97. - - - . 1860. Gatherings of a naturalist in Australasia. JohnVan Voorst, Paternoster Row, London. BERLIN, B., D. E. BREEDLOVE, and P. H. RAVEN. 1973. General principals of classification and nomenclature in folk biology. Am. Anthropol. 75: 214-242. BRODIE, J. E. 1982. Analysis of citrus foliage samples from Rotuma, Fiji. Fiji Agric. J. 44 (2): 79-84. BROWN, C. H. 1977. Folk botanical lifeforms: Their universality and growth. Am. Anthropol. 79: 317-342. - - - . 1984. Language and living things: Uniformities in folk classification and naming. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, New Jersey. CLARKE, W. c., and R. R. THAMAN. 1993. Rotuma Island, Fiji. Pages 95-98 in W. C. Clarke and R. R. Thaman, eds. Agroforestry in the Pacific Islands: Systems for sustainability. United Nations University Press, Tokyo. CRONQUIST, A. 1988. The evolution and classification of flowering plants, 2nd ed. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York. DAHLGREN, R. M. T., H. T. CLIFFORD, and P. F. YEO. 1985. The families of the monocotyledons. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. FIJI BUREAU OF STATISTICS. 1996. 1996 Fiji census. Bureau of Statistics, Fiji Government, Suva. GARDINER, J. S. 1898. Natives of Rotuma. J. R. Anthropol. Inst. G. B. 27: 395-435, 457-524. HARTLEY, R. L. 1963. Agriculture on Rotuma Island. South Pac. Bull. 13 (2): 57-63. INIA, E. K., S. ARNTSEN, H. SCHMIDT, J. RENSEL, and A. HOWARD. 1998. A new Rotuman dictionary. Institute of Pacific Studies, University of the South Pacific, Suva. JUDD, W. S., R. W. SANDERS, and M. J. DONOGHUE. 1994. Angiosperm family pairs: Preliminary phylogenetic analyses. Harv. Pap. Bot. 5: 1-51. 350 KUBITZKI, K. 1990. The families and genera of vascular plants. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. LADEFOGED, T. N. 1993. The impact of resource diversity on the sociopolitical structure of Rotuma: A geographic information system analysis. Pages 64-71 in M. W. Graves and R. C. Green, eds. The evolution and organization of prehistoric societies in Polynesia. New Zealand Archaeological Association Monograph 19. LAFFAN, M. D., S. M. SMITH, H. M. WATTS, J. P. WIDDOWSON, L. C. BLAKEMORE, and F. F. KAPOA. 1982. Soil resources of Rotuma and implications for land use. Fiji Agric. J. 44 (2): 43-52. LESSON, R. P. 1839. Voyage autour du monde entrepris par ordre du gouvernement sur la corvette la Coquille. P. Pourrat Freres, Paris. MCCLATCHEY, W. C. 1993a. Studies on the ethnobotany of the island of Rotuma. M.S. thesis, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah. - - - . 1993b. Traditional use of Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae) in Rotuma. Econ. Bot. 47 (3): 291-296. - - - . 1996a. The ethnopharmacopoeia of Rotuma. J. Ethnopharmacol. 50: 147156. - - - . 1996b. A revision of the genus Metroxylon Section Coelococcus (Arecaceae). Ph.D. diss., University of Florida, Gainesville. MCCLATCHEY, W. c., and P. A. Cox. 1992. Use of the sago palm Metroxylon warburgii in the Polynesian island, Rotuma. Econ. Bot. 46 (3): 305-309. MUELLER-DoMBOIS, D., and F. R. FOSBERG. 1998. Vegetation of the tropical Pacific Islands. Springer-Verlag, New York. N'¥EURT, A. D. R. 1993a. A preliminary checklist of the marine benthic macroalgae of Rotuma. Univ. South Pac. Mar. Stud. Prog. Tech. Rep. Ser. 93/2: 1-14. - - - . 1993b. A floristic survey of the intertidal and shallow benthic marine algae of Rotuma. M.S. thesis, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji. - - - . 1995. Meristotheca procumbens P. Gabrielson et Kraft (Gigartinales, Solieriaceae): An edible seaweed from Rotuma PACIFIC SCIENCE, Volume 54, October 2000 Island. South Pac. J. Nat. Sci. 14: 243250. ---.1996. A survey of the benthic marine algae of Rotuma Island. Aust. Syst. Bot. 9 (3): 361-490. N'¥EURT, A. D. R., D. S. LITTLER, and M. M. LITTLER. 1996. Avrainvillea rotumensis sp. nov. (Bryopsidales, CWorophyta), a peltate species from the South Pacific. Phycol. Res. 44 (2): 81-84. PARHAM, B. E. V. 1941. Dalo varieties from Rotuma Island (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott). Agric. J. Dep. Agric. Fiji lsI. 12 (2): 51-52. PARHAM, J. W. 1972. Plants of the Fiji Islands. The Government Printer, Suva, Fiji. RENSEL, J. P. 1994. For love or money? Interhousehold exchange and the economy of Rotuma. Ph.D. diss., University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu. - - - . 1997. From thatch to cement: Social implications of housing change on Rotuma. Pages 27-54 in J. Rensel and M. Rodman, eds. Home in the islands: Housing and social change in the Pacific. University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu. SMITH, A. C. 1979. Flora Vitiensis nova: A new flora of Fiji. Vol. 1. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawa'i, Kaua'i, Hawai'i. - - - . 1981. Flora Vitiensis nova: A new flora of Fiji. Vol. 2. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawa'i, Kaua'i, Hawai'i. - - - . 1985. Flora Vitiensis nova: A new flora of Fiji. Vol. 3. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawa'i, Kaua'i, Hawai'i. - - - . 1988. Flora Vitiensis nova: A new flora of Fiji. Vol. 4. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawa'i, Kaua'i, Hawai'i. - - - . 1991. Flora Vitiensis nova: A new flora of Fiji. Vol. 5. Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, Lawa'i, Kaua'i, Hawai'i. SOUTH, G. R., and A. D. R. N'¥EURT. 1993. Contributions to a catalogue of benthic marine algae of Fiji II, Caulerpa and Caulerpella (Chlorophyta-Caulerpales). Micronesica 26 (2): 109-138. SOUTH, G. R., A. D. R. N'¥EURT, and R. A. RAJ-PRASAD. 1993. Additions and amendments to the benthic marine algal flora of A Preliminary Checklist of the Flora of Rotuma-McCLATCHEY ET Fiji, including the island of Rotuma. Micronesica 26 (2): 175-198. STEVENSON, D. W., and H. LOCONTE. 1995. Cladistic analysis of monocotyledon families. Pages 543-578 in P. J. Rudall, P. J. Cribb, D. F. Cutler, and C. J. Humphries, eds. Monocotyledons: Systematics and evolution. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. ST. JOHN, H. 1938a. Field notes on the flora of Rotuma. Manuscript in the Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu. Unpublished. - - - . 1938b. Expedition to Rotuma Island. Pac. lsI. Mon. 8 (11): 57. - - - . 1954. Ferns of Rotuma Island, a descriptive manual. Occas. Pap. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Mus. 21 (9): 161-208. - - - . 1970a. New species of Peperomia (piperaceae) and Dendrocnide (Urticaceae) from Rotuma Island, Pacific Ocean. Pacific Plant Studies 19. Pac. Sci. 24: 134-138. - - - . 1970b. Cyrtandra rotumaensis (Gesneriaceae) of Rotoma [sic] Island. Pacific Plant Studies 20. Pac. Sci. 24: 457-461. - - - . 1975. Revision of the genus Pan- 351 AL. danus Sticlanan. Part 39. Pandanus of Rotuma Island, Pacific Ocean. Pac. Sci. 29: 371-406. - - - . n.d. Novelties from Rotuma Island. Pacific Plant Studies 44. Manuscript in the Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu. Unpublished. THAMAN, R. R., and W. C. CLARKE. 1993. Introduction. Pages 1-16 in W. C. Clarke and R. R. Thaman, eds. Agroforestry in the Pacific Islands: Systems for sustainability. United Nations University Press, Tokyo. THORNE, R. F. 1992. Classification and geography of the flowering plants. Bot. Rev. 58: 225-348. TRYON, R. M., and A. F. TRYON. 1982. Ferns and allied plants: With special reference to tropical America. Springer-Verlag, New York. WOODHALL, D. 1987. Geology of Rotuma. Mineral Resources Department, Ministry of Lands, Energy and Mineral Resources, Bulletin Number 8, Suva, Fiji. 40 pp. APPENDIX I A PRELIMINARY CHECKLIST OF THE TAXON Bryophyta Exodictyon den tatum (Mitt.) Card Isopterygium minutirameum (C.M.) Jaeg. Leucophanes smaragdinum (Mitt.) Par. Pelekium velatum Mitt. Thuidium plumulosum Dozy & Molk. Vesicularia hamata Bartr. Vesicularia infiectens (Brid.) C.M. Pteridophyta Aspleniaceae Asplenium adiantoides (L.) C.Chr. (PSW Asplenium falcatum Lam. Asplenium nidus L. (P60) Blechnaceae Blechnum orientale L. (PS8) Davalliaceae Davallia solida (Forst.f.) Sw. (P42) Nephrolepis biserrata (Sw.) Schott (P43) Nephrolepis hirsutula (Forster) Pres!' (P44) Dennstaedtiaceae Lindsaea ensifolia Sw. (P36) Microlepia scaberula Mett. ex Kuhn. (P37) Dryopteridaceae Athyrium polyanthes (Soland ex Baker) Cope!. FLORA OF ROTUMA WITH ROTUMAN NAMES ROTUMAN NAME(S) none none none none none none none reported" reported" reported" reported" reported" reported" reported" none reported" sakoto kukulufi julia roroa julia' julia' julia' julia' julia' julia' PACIFIC SCIENCE, Volume 54, October 2000 352 APPENDIX I (continued) TAXON Tectaria dimorpha H. St. John (P56) Tectaria stearnsii Maxon (P57) Gleicheniaceae Dicranopteris linearis (Burm.) Underwood (P28) Hymenophyllaceae Crepidopteris humilis (Forst.) Copel. (P32) Gonocormus minutus (Bl.) v.d. Bosch Lycopodiaceae Lycopodium carinatum Desv. ex Poir (P22) Lycopodium cernuum L. (P22) Lycopodium hami/tonii Spreng. (P22) Lycopodium phlegmaria L. (P22) Marattiaceae Angiopteris erecta (Forst.f.) Hoffm. (P25) Ophioglossaceae Ophioglossum pendulum L. (P25) Polypodiaceae Phymatosorus scolopendria (Burm.) Ching (P65) Psilotaceae Psi/otum nudum (L.) Griseb. (P24) Pteridaceae Acrostichum aureum L. (P33) Adiantum capillus-veneris L. (P33) Pteris comans Forst.f. (P38) Pteris ensiformis Burm. (P39) Pteris pacifica Hieron (P40) Pteris tripartita Sw. (P40) Schizaeaceae Schizaea dichotoma (L.) Sm. (P27) Thelypteridaceae *Cyclosorus interruptus (Willd) H. Ito Cyclosorus rotumaensis H. St. John (P50) Cyclosorus unitus (L.) Ching (P51) Lastrea tenericaulis (Hook.) Moore (P54) Thelypteris torresiana (Gaud.) Alston (P54) Vittariaceae Antrophyum plantagineum (Cav.) Kaulf. (P65) Vittaria elongata Sw. (P67) Coniferophyta Pinaceae Pinus caribaea Morelet (P71,SI : 115) Anthophyta Monocotyledonae Agavaceae *Hosta sp. Yucca sp. Alliaceae Allium ascalonicum L. (SI : 147) *Allium fistulosum L. Amaryllidaceae Amaryllis rosea Spreng. Crinum asiaticum L. (P364,SI : 157) Crinum scabrum Herb. Eucharis grandiflora Planch. & Linden (P364,SI : 158) Hippeastrum x johnsonii Bury *Hippeasstrumpuniceum (Lam.) Urb. (SI: 160) *Hymenocallis littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb. (P364,SI: 158) ROTUMAN NAME(S) none reported" sakoto julia' lum usa none reported" julia' julia' julia' julia' mbalambalad repene seisei julia, pupu hana meamea none reported" julia' sere, sir'ia sakoto julia ma'on moa julia' none reported" sakoto sakoto none reported" none reported" none reported" none reported" none reportede none reported e none reportede ani,! ana! none reported e none reported e maliha maliha' lili! none reportede none reportede maliha' 353 A Preliminary Checklist of the Flora of Rotuma-McCLATCHEY ET AL. APPENDIX I (continued) TAXON ROTUMAN NAME(S) Pancratium amboinensis L. *Zephyranthes candida (Lind!.) Herb. Araceae *Alocasia cucullata (Lour.) Schott (P359,SI :454) Alocasia macrorrhiza (L.) G. Don (SI :455) *Alocasia sanderiana Bull. Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson (P360,SI :447) Anthurium andraeanum Linden (P360,SI :445) Caladium bicolor (Ait.) Vent. (P361,SI :458) Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott (P361,SI: 456) Cyrtosperma chamissonis (Schott) Mere. (P362,SI: 451) *Dieffenbachia seguine (Jacq.) Schott. (P362,SI :452) Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engler (P362,SI :441) *Syngonium sp. Xanthosoma sagittifolium (L.) Schott (P363,SI :459) Arecaceae Cocos nucifera L. (P369,SI :437) Livistonia chinensis (Jacq.) R. Br. (P371,SI : 395) Metroxylon warburgii (Heim.) Becc. Phoenix dactylifera L. (P371,SI :400) Phoenix sylvestris (L.) Roxb. (SI :401) Pritchardia pacifica Seem. & H. Wend!. (P373,SI : 397) Ptychosperma macarthurii (H. Wend!. ex Veitch) H. Wend!. ex Hook.f. (P373,SI : 423) Asparagaceae Asparagus setaceus Baker 'plumosus' (P357,SI: 163) *Asparagus densiflorus Regel 'Sprengeri' Asphodelaceae Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. Bromeliaceae Ananas comosus (L.) Merr. (P352,SI : 275) Cannaceae Canna indica L. (P356,SI : 216) Colchicaceae Gloriosa superba L. (P357,SI : 141) Commelinaceae Aneilema vitiense Seem. (P351,SI : 278) Commelina diffusa Burm.f. (P351,SI: 280) Tradescantia discolor L'Herit. (SI: 281) *Tradescantia pallida (Rose) D. Hunt Tradescantia zebrina Loudon Cymodoceaceae Syringodium isoetifolium (Aschers.) Dandy (P350,SI: 137) Cyperaceae Cyperus compressus L. (P391,SI : 249) Cyperus laevigatus L. Cyperus rotundus L. (P392,SI : 249) Eleocharis geniculata (L.) Roemer & Schultes (P393,SI : 240) Fimbristylis atollensis St. John *Fimbristylis cymosa R. Br. (P393,SI : 243) Fimbristylis dichotoma (L.) Vah! (P393,SI : 243) Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb. (P390,SI : 261) Kyllinga nemoralis (J. R. & G. Forst.) Dandy x Hutch. & Dalziel (SI : 262) Kyllinga polyphylla Willd. ex Kunth (SI : 260) Mariscus cyperinus (Retz.) Vahl (P391,SI : 256) Mariscus javanicus (Houtt.) Merr. & Metcalfe (P391,1 : 253) Scirpodendron ghaeri (Gaertn.) Merr. (P394,SI : 222) none reported" maliha ne uasta, pala rua 'apea! 'apea mamala, 'apea vara 'apea! soa, soro none reported" 'apea rau tustusjf papula papai none reported" rau varu none reported" 'apea man pofo! niu none reported" ota none reported" none reported" fak maru none reported" none reported" none reported" alo! ponapa! gasau none reported" pupC pup; sau rangi none reported" none reported" none reported e pupu; lumuc pup! none reported pupu! none reported e pupuc none reported none reported none reported" none reported" none reported" none reported sereC rau mena Q Q Q Q PACIFIC SCIENCE, Volume 54, October 2000 354 APPENDIX I (continued) ROTUMAN NAME(S) TAXON Scleria lithosperma (L.) Sw. (P395,SI : 234) Scleria polycarpa Boeck. (P395,SI : 232) Torulinium odoratum (L.) S. Hooper (SI : 257) somo somo, sere sere' Dioscoreaceae Dioscorea alata L. (P365,SI : 170) Dioscorea bulbifera L. (P365,SI : 168) Dioscorea esculenta (Lour.) Burkill (P365,SI : 168) Dioscorea nummularia Lam. (P366,SI : 170) 'ubi fui, favi favi fua kele, paroi Dracaenaceae Cordyline fruiticosa (L.) A. Chev. (P366,SI : 149,5: 582) *Dracaenafragrans (L.) Ker-Gawler. (P367,SI : 152) ji, rauji none reported" Heliconiaceae Heliconia Heliconia Heliconia Heliconia indica Lam. (P353,SI : 188) laufao Kress marginata (Griggs) Pittier rostrata Ruiz & Pavon (P353,SI : 190) pari,! par Samoa par Samoa none reported" none reported" lridaceae Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. *Gladiolus x hybridus Hort. ex E. Rodigas (P365,SI : 178) Iris sp. Musaceae Musa (AAA Group) Simmonds ('Gros Michel', 'Cavendish') (P353,SI : 184) Musa (ABB Group) Simmonds ('Bluggoe', 'Blue Java') (P353,SI : 185) Musa (AAB Group) Simmonds ('Pome', 'Vudi') (P353,SI: 183) Musa troglodytarum L. (SI : 185) Orchidaceae Eulophia pulchra (Thou.) Lind!. (S5 : 511) Hetaeria oblongifolia Bl. (P384,S5 : 362) Malaxis latisepala (Rolfe) C. Schweinf. (P385,S5 : 376) Malaxis sp. (P385,S5 : 368) Papilionanthe teres (Roxb.) ScWechter (P389,S5: 542) Spathoglottis pacifica Reichenb.f. (P388,S5 :477) Vanilla planifolia Jackson (P389,S5: 338) Pandanaceae Pandanus basalticola H. St. John Pandanus compressus Martelli Pandanus dub ius Spreng. Pandanus sinicola A. C. Smith (P376,SI :489) Pandanus tectorius Warb. (P376,SI :494) Pandanus variegatus Miq. *Pandanus whitmeeanus Martelli (P378,SI :485) Poaceae Bambusa vulgaris Schrader ex Wend!. (P396,SI : 295) *Brachiaria mutica (Forsk.) Stapf. (P397,SI : 329) Brachiaria subquandripara (Trin.) Hitchc. (P397,SI : 332) Cenchrus echinatus L. (P398,SI : 357) Centosteca lappacea (L.) Desv. (P398,SI : 297) Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trin. (SI : 378) Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf (P399,SI : 379) Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. (P399,SI : 309) Cyrtococcum oxyphyllum (Hochst. ex Steud.) Stapf (P399,SI : 351) Dichanthium caricosum (L.) A. Camus (P400,SI : 383) Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler (P400,SI : 326) Digitaria setigera Roth. ex Roemer & Schultes (SI : 327) *Digitaria violascens Link (P401,SI: 324) Echinochloa colona (L.) Link (P401,SI : 341) Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. (P402,SI : 304) Eragrostis tenella (L.) Beauv. ex Roemer & Schultes (P402,SI : 303) repene! none reported" none reported" pari pari pari sei none reporteda none reporteda none reporteda none reporteda none reported" none reporteda vanila! hata hosoa hosoa hata hata, sa'aga, kiakia sa'aga farfisi sa'aga Fiti, iap Fiti vao none reported" none reported" none reported" sauragi' none reporteda maigar, asi none reported a sau ragi pen tot maf sau ragi! none reporteda none reporteda sau rag! pupu ne rana, sau rag none reported" none reported" 355 A Preliminary Checklist of the Flora of Rotuma-McCLATCHEY ET AL. APPENDIX 1 (continued) ROTUMAN NAME(S) TAXON *Ischaemum indicum (Houtt.) Merr. (P404,Sl : 373) Lepturus repens (Forst.f.) R. Br. (P405,Sl : 313) Miscanthusjioridulus (Labill.) Warb. ex K. Schum. & Lauterb. none reportede none reported" kasa (P406,Sl : 366) *Oplismenus compositus (L.) Beauv. (P406,Sl: 343) Oplismenus hirtellus (L.) Beauv. (P406,Sl : 343) *Panicum repens L. Paspalum conjugatum Bergius (P407,Sl : 336) Paspalum distichum L. (P407,Sl : 336) Paspalum paniculatum L. (P408,Sl : 335) Pennisetum polystachion (L.) J. A. & J. H. Schultes (P408,Sl : 359) Polytrias amaura (Buese) Kuntze (P409,Sl : 368) Saccharum officinarum L. (P409,Sl : 369) Schizostachyum glaucifolium (Rupr.) Munro (P41O,Sl : 294) *Sporobolus diander (Retz.) Beauv. (P411,Sl : 308) Sporobolusjacquemontii Kunth (P412,Sl: 307) Stenotaphrum micranthum (Desv.) Hubb. (P412,Sl : 353) Thuarea involuta (Forst.f.) R. Br. ex Roemer & Schultes (P412,Sl : 354) * Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash (P413,Sl : 377) *Zea mays L. (P413,Sl : 387) Taccaceae Tacca leontopetaloides (L.) Kuntze (P378,Sl: 172) Zingiberaceae Alpinia macrocephala K. Schum. (P354,Sl : 212) Alpinia purpurata (Vieill.) K. Schum. (P354,Sl : 211) Alpinia vittata Bull. (S1 : 212) Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) Burtt & R. M. Sm. (Sl : 214) Alpinia sp. (P354,Sl : 202) Curcuma longa L. (P355,Sl : 196) Hedychium coronarium Koenig (P355,Sl : 197) Hedychiumjiavescens Carey ex Roscoe Zingiber officinale Roscoe (P356,Sl : 194) Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Sm. (P356,Sl : 194) Dicotyledonae Acanthaceae Blechum pyramidatum (Lam.) Urb. (P337,S5: 121) *Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff. (P338,S5 : 128) *Hemigraphis alternata (Burm.f.) T. Anders. (S5: 120) *Pseuderanthemum carruthersii (Seem.) var. carruthersii Guill. (S5: 134) *Pseuderanthemum carruthersii (Seem.) var. reticulatum Fosb. (S5: 134) * Thunbergia erecta var. atropurpureum (Benth.) T. Anders. (P339,S5: 117) Thunbergiafragrans Roxb. (P339,S5: 118) Amaranthaceae Achyranthes aspera L. (P315,S2: 290) Achyranthes canescens R. Br. *Alternanthera amoena (Lam.) Voss Alternanthera bettzickiana (Recquel) StandI. (P315,S2: 292) Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R. Br. ex DC (P315,S2: 292) Amaranthus tricolor L. (P315,S2: 286) Amaranthus viridis L. (P316,S2: 286) Cyathula prostrata (L.) Bl. (P316,S2: 289) Gomphrena globosa L. (P316,S2: 293) Anacardiaceae *Dracontomelon vitiense Engl. (P249,S3 :454) Mangifera indica L. (P249,S3: 450) Pleiogynium timoriense (DC) Leenh. (P249,S3: 456) Spondias dulcis Soland. ex Parkinson (P250,S3 :452) none reportede sere! none reported e sau rag pen tot mafa! pupu! none reported e none reported e none reported e fo'u 'u'u'ia none reported e none reported e none reported" none reported" 'asi, usi korn/ kono! mar fea kapui fisi kapui mi'a kapui' kapui! kapui Rotuam, kapui re 1010 raga kapuifisV kapui perperi! none reported e rag'apua none reported e none reportede none reportede none reported e none reported e puka! none reported e sere! sere! none reported e none reported e 'ai reag somu! none reported e none reported e none reported e akamaliga! faorau, fau rau magko! none reported" vi PACIFIC SCIENCE, Volume 54, October 2000 356 APPENDIX 1 (continued) TAXON ROTUMAN NAME(S) Annonaceae Annona murcata L. (P77,S2: 39) Annona reticulata L. (P78,S2: 40) *Annona squamosa L. (P78,S2: 39) Artabotrys uncinatus (Lam.) Merr. Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook.f. & Thouars (P78,S2: 37) Apiaceae Centella asiatica (L.) Urban (P320,S3 : 655) Daucus carota L. var. sativa DC (P320,S3 : 657) Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Nyman ex Airy Shaw (P320,S3: 660) Polyscias fruticosa (L.) Harms (PI29,S3 : 640) *Polyscias guiljoylei (Cogn. & March.) Bailey (PI29,S3: 638) Polyscias scutellaria (Burm.f.) Fosb. (PI29,S3 : 638) Schefflera sp. (PI29,S3 : 648) Apocynaceae Allamanda cathartica L. (P256,S4: 100) Alyxia stellata (J. R. & G. Forst.) Roemer & Schultes (P259,S4: 57) Asclepias curassavica L. (P263,S4: 109) Carruthersia scandens (Seem.) Seem. (P260,S4: 79) Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don (P261,S4: 85) Cerbera manghas L. (P261,S4: 89) Hoya australis R. Br. ex Traill (P263,S4: 118) Hoya diptera Seem. ex A. Gray (P263,S4: 123) Nerium oleander L. (P261,S4: 103) Ochrosia oppositifolia (Lam.) K. Schum. (P261,S4: 54) Parsonsia laevis (A. Gray) Markgraf (P262,S4: 107) Plumeria rubra L. (P262,S4: 86) Tabemaemontana divaricata (L.) R. Br. (S4: 98) Tylophora samoensis A. Gray (S4: 113) Asteraceae Ageratum conyzoides L. (P321,S5: 296) Aster laevis L. (S5: 304) Bidens pilosa L. var. pilosa (P322,S5: 281) Calendula officinalis L. Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. (P322,S5311) Chrysanthemum segetum L. Cosmos caudatus H. B. & K. (P322,S5 : 284) *Cosmos suljureus Cav. (P323,S5 :284) *Crassocephalum crepidioides (Benth.) S. Moore (P323,S5: 317) Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. Mant. (P324,S5: 274) *Eleutheranthera ruderalis (Sw.) Schultz (P324,S5 : 275) Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC (P324,S5: 318) Erechtites valerianifolia (Wolf) DC (P324,S5: 315) Gaillardia pulchella Foug. var. picta (Sweet) A. Gray Gerbera jamesonii Bolus (P325,S5 : 258) Helianthus cucumerifolius Torrey & A. Gray Lactuca sativa L. var. sativa (P325,S5 : 266) Mikania micrantha H. B. & K. (P325,S5: 297) Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn. (S5 : 276) Tagetes erecta L. (P326,S5: 291) Tridax procumbens L. (P327,S5: 288) Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. (P327,S5: 262) Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc. Wollastonia biflora (L.) DC (P327,S5: 271) *Zinnia elegans Jacq. Zinnia paucifolia L. 'ai puoi mamam! fat manava,! fat manao! fat manava,! 'ai piol moumou! none reported" moskoi ti togo none reported" none reported" tantane rau he heap none reported" sasa, tanetane none reported" none reported" ma'iro 'ai peapusu,! 'ai pen pulu! fag kele none reported" giagia hoi! hoi sasa, rosasa! haohao none reported" pua! none reported" fag fea none reported" none reported" none reported" sau ne Hamau! 'ai fak furo! none reported" none reported" none reported" none reported" none reported" none reported" huas pupuiaki! huas pupuiakjf none reported" none reported" none reported" none reported" 'ai raurau,! ma'us raurau! 'ai rau 'ai hehe'ap tal none reported" none reported" none reported" none reported" totoro, tua'toro none reported" sau ne Hamau! A Preliminary Checklist of the Flora of Rotuma-McCLATCHEY ET 357 AL. APPENDIX 1 (continued) TAXON Balsaminaceae Impatiens balsamina L. (P345,S3 : 630) Begoniaceae Begonia coccinea Hook.f. (P160,S2: 690) Bignoniaceae Spathodea campanulata Beauv. (P295,S5: 145) Bixaceae Bixa orellana L. (Pl44,S2: 670) Bombacaceae Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. (P170,S2: 413) Boraginaceae Argusia argentea (L.f.) Heine (P346,5: 156) Cordia subcordata Lam. (P296,S5 : 152) Brassicaceae *Brassica chinensis L. var. chinensis (L.) O. E. Schulz (P311,S2: 706) Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L. (P312,S2: 705) Brassica rapa L. Capparis cordifolia Lam. (P154,S2: 694) Raphanus sativus L. (P312,S2: 707) Rorippa sarmentosa (DC) Macbride (P312,S2: 710) Cactaceae *Opuntia sp. (P161,S2: 271) Campanu1aceae Hippobroma longiflora (L.) G. Don. (P320,S5: 245) Caprifo1iaceae Lonicera japonica Thunb. (P130,S4: 377) Caricaceae Carica papaya L. (P161,S2:672) Caryophyllaceae Dianthus chinensis L. Casuarinaceae Casuarina equisetifolia J. R. & G. Forst. (P131,S2: 253) Chrysoba1anaceae Atuna racemosa Raf. (S3 :48) Parinari insularum A. Gray (P94,S3: 44) Clusiaceae Calophyllum inophyllum L. (Pl92,S2: 336) *Garcinia xanthochymus Hook.f. (P195,S2: 346) Mammea odorata (Raf.) Korterm. (P195,S2: 340) Combretaceae Quisqualis indica L. (P206,S3 : 416) Terminalia catappa L. (P207,S3 :432) Terminalia litoralis Seem. (P207,S3: 433) Convo1vulaceae Cuscuta campestris Yuncker (P345,S5: 70) Ipomoea alba L. (P331,S5: 58) Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. (P331,S5: 66) *Ipomoea fistulosa Mart. ex Choisy (P334,S5 : 63) Ipomoea indica (Burm.) Merr. (P333,S5 : 62) Ipomoea littoralis B1. (S5 : 64) Ipomoea macrantha Roemer & Schultes (S5 : 55) Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R. Br. (P333,S5 : 60) Ipomoea quamoclit L. (P334,S5 : 56) Merremia peltata (L.) Merr. (P334,S5 :49) Merremia umbellata (L.) Ha11.f. (P335,S5 :48) Crassu1aceae *Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers. (S3 : 36) ROTUMAN NAME(S) balsaminaJ none reported" none reported" 'ai menaJ kapok,! sipi,f sip RotuamJ sumi man'ao kapeje JaeneJ kapeje kalkaluJ none reported" periro none reported" matori none reported" none reported" hanisakaJ esuJ none reported" toa pipi, makita sea hefau suagke fetau leic none reported" tog oi, salisa tog ai lu'on ravaka puak pal fisi kumara pukaJ puket e raufasa johea, puak rarag jona puka, puak fisi puka ranisiJ puka, puka te rau fasa none reported" none reported" 358 PACIFIC SCIENCE, Volume 54, October 2000 APPENDIX 1 (continued) TAXON ROTUMAN NAME(S) Cucurbitaceae Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn. (S2: 676) Citrullus lanatus (Thumb.) Matsf. (PI59,S2: 678) *Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrader Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt (S2: 677) Cucumis sativus L. (PI59,S2: 684) Cucurbita pepo L. (PI59,S2: 681) Luffa cylindrica (L.) M. Roemer (PI59,S2: 682) Momordica charantia L. (PI60,S2: 675) Zehneria mucronata (B!.) Miq. (S2: 685) 'ai jou, pirorogo merene1 none reported" none reported" kiukama,! kukama! pum kin,! papukena! ogiogi naere jou ne 'atua Ebenaceae Diospyros gillespiei (Fosb.) Kosterroans (S2: 735) Diospyros phlebodes (A. C. Smith) A. C. Smith (S2 : 737) Diospyros samoensis A. Gray (P225,S2: 740) pei pei ragoa peipei Elaeocarpaceae Eleocarpus christophersenii A. C. Smith Elaeocarpus grandis F. v. Muel!. (PI62,S2: 353) *Elaeocarpus tonganus Burkill umasa umasa! mamrava, mamrao Euphorbiaceae Acalypha grandis Benth. (PI75,S2: 524) *Acalypha hispida Burro.f. (PI75,S2: 525) Acalypha wilkesiana Muel!. Arg. (PI76,S2 : 525) Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd. (PI76,S2: 548) Antidesma sphaerocarpum Muell. Arg. Breynia disticha J. R. & G. Forst. val. nivosa (Small) Croizat (PI77,S2: 466) Chamaesyce atoto (Forst.f.) Croizat (PI80,S2: 572) Chamaesyce hirta (L.) Millsp. (PI80,S2: 574) Chamaesyce prostrata (Ait.) Small (PI81,S2: 573) Codiaeum variegatum (L.) A. H. L. Juss. val. variegatum J. W. Parham f. variegatum A. C. Smith (PI79,S2: 550) *Endospermum macrophyllum (Muel!. Arg.) Pax & Hoffm. (PI80,S2: 541) Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex. Kl. (P181 ,S2: 569) Excoecaria agallocha L. (PI82,S2: 562) Flueggea flexuosa Muell. Arg. (S2 :460) Glochidion ramiflorum J. R. & G. Forster (PI83,S2: 473) Jatropha curcas L. (PI85,S2 : 545) Jatropha integerrima Jacq. (S2: 546) *Macaranga graeffeana Pax & Hoffn. val. graeffeana A. C. Smith karposi feu ne pusV karpos mi'a, hau si'ursi, si'esi komo none reported" majila pulu! pulu! sasa 'ai hapa! none reported" majila pou, 'am'ama 'am'ama virviri! none reported" sa'a, sa'a rau hemaheama (PI85,S2: 507) Macaranga harveyana (Muel!. Arg.) Muel!. Arg. (PI85,S2: 512) Manihot esculenta Grantz (PI88,S2: 543) *Pedilanthus tithymaloides (L.) Poit. Phyllanthus amarus Schum. & Thonning (PI88,S2: 465) Fabaceae (Caesalpiniaceae) Bauhinia monandra Kurz. (P95,S3 : 120) Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. (P96,S3 : 93) Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. (P96,S3: 92) Cassia fistula L. (P97,S3: 102) Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf. (P99,S3: 90) Intsia bijuga (Colebl.) Kuntze (P99,S3: 134) Senna a/ata (L.) Roxb. (P97,S3: 113) Senna occidentalis (L.) Link (P98,SI12) *Senna siamea (Lam.) Irwin & Barneby (P98,S3: 109) Senna tora (L.) Roxb. (P99,S3: 110) Tamarindus indica L. (PI02,S3: 141) Fabaceae (Fabaceae) Abrus precatorius (L.) L. (PI08,S3: 162) *Alysicarpus vaginalis (L.) DC (PI 08,S3 : 199) sa'a, sa'a rau piripiri tapiko! none reported" sasanio! none reported" tartar manu riopripo 'a'a! none reported" riap ripo! fesi 'ai ne tane! none reported" none reported" none reported" 'ai ta viri,! tamarind! pi,! lias lisa! none reported" A Preliminary Checklist of the Flora of Rotuma- McCLATCHEY ET 359 AL. APPENDIX I (continued) TAXON ROTUMAN NAME(S) Arachis hypogaea L. (PI09,S3 : 260) *Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth. (PI09,S3: 251) Canavalia cathartica Thou. (PI09,S3 : 220) Canavalia rosea (Sw.) DC (PI 09,S3 : 221) Canavalia sericea A. Gray (PI09,S3: 222) Dendrolobium umbellatum (L.) Benth. (S3: 186) Derris elliptica (Wall.) Benth. (PIlI,S3: 167) Derris malaccensis (Beth.) Prain (PIlI,S3: 168) Derris trifoliata Lour. (PIII,S3: 165) Desmodium adscendens (Sw.) DC (P III ,S3 : 192) *Desmodium incanum DC (S3: 191) Desmodium trifiorum (L.) DC (PI12,S3: 193) Erythrina variegata L. (PI13,S3: 204) Inocarpusfagifer (Parkinson) Fosb. (P99,S3: 161) Macroptilium atropurpureum (DC) Drb. (S3 : 247) Mucuna gigantea (Willd.) DC (PI14,S3 : 211) *Mucuna platyphylla A. Gray (PI15,S3: 213) Mucuna stanleyi C. T. White (S3: 214) Phaseolus vulgaris L. (PI16,S3 : 250) Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre (PI16,S3: 170) Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi (PI17,S3: 226) Sophora tomentosa L. (PI18,S3: 154) Strongylodon secundus St. John Tephrosia purpurea (L.) Pers. (PI19,S3 : 173) Vigna marina (Burm.) Merr. (PI19,S3 : 244) * Vigna unguiculata Verdcourt subsp. sesquipedalis (L.) Verdcourt (S3 : 244) * Vigna unguiculata Verdcourt subsp. unguiculata (S3 : 244) Fabaceae (Mimosaceae) Albizia saman (Jacq.) F. v. Mue1l. (S3 : 78) Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit (PI06,S3: 63) Mimosa pudica L. var. unijuga (Duchass. & Walp.) Griseb. (PI07,S3: 61) Flacourtiaceae Casearia richii A. Gray (PI45,S2: 647) Flacourtia rukam Zoll. ex Moritzi (PI47,S2: 637) Gesneriaceae Cyrtandra rotumaensis H. St. John (P342) Goodeniaceae Scaevola sericea Vahl. (P321,S5: 250) Hernandiaceae Hernandia moerenhoutiana Guillemin (P90,S2: III) Hernandia nymphaeifolia (Presl.) Kubitzki (S2: 110) Icacinaceae Gomphandra montana (SchelJenb.) Sleumer. Lamiaceae Clerodendrum buchananii (Roxb.) Walp. var.fallax (Lindl) Batch (P298,S5: 211) Clerodendrum chinense (Osbeck) Mabberley (S5: 212) Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn. (P298,S5208) Hyptis pectinata (L.) Poit. (P347,S5220) *Mentha spicata L. (S5: 234) Ocimum basilicum L. (P347,S5: 229) Ocimum tenuifiorum L. (P347,S5: 230) *Pogostemon sp. (S5: 232) Premna serratifolia L. (P031,S5: 187) pinut! pi! fuholi, karere' karere' none reported' jojo faga, fua NuikinV fua Rotuam!? fuholi, fua Nuikini none reported' none reported' none reported' ratu'a 'iii none reported' faga faga, puka ga'a faga pini! riri'i, rane juli ga'a none reported" none reported' ava karere pini! pini! none reported' riap ripo,! riapripo ne puak! mous fea e famori/ julia fea! pou fir moto momoe, mamala pulu,' pul hauhau, pul haohao popofo popofo hahu'a 'ai sisi/ maf ne kau,! tela en kau! none reported' ortea, varvara none reported' none reported' tamor uak uka 'ai pensoni/ 'ai hoag haul varvara PACIFIC SCIENCE, Volume 54, October 2000 360 APPENDIX 1 (continued) ROTUMAN NAME(S) TAXON *Solenostemon amboinicus (Lour.) Codd Solenostemon scutel/arioides (L.) Codd (S5 : 222) Tectona grandis L.f. (P302,S5 : 178) Vitex trifolia var. trifolia J. W. Parham (P302,S5: 182) 'ai sopohe pau,! 'ai reag supa,! gasauf none reported' kauvaluf sia'vao, tagara Lauraceae Cassythafiliformis L. (P83,S2: 142) Endiandra elaeocarpa Gillespie (P86,S2: 117) Persea americana Mill. (P90,S2: 115) Lecythidaceae (Barringtoniaceae) Barringtonia asiatica (L.) Kurz (P204,S2: 595) Barringtonia edulis Seem. (P204,S2: 597) Barringtonia racemosa (L.) Spreng. (P205,S2: 597) Loganiaceae Geniostoma rupestre J. R. & G. Forst. (P251,S4: 16) Geniostoma vitiense Gilg & Benedict (P253,S4: 12) Lythraceae Lagerstroemia indica L. (P317,S3: 287) Pemphis acidula J. R. & G. Forster (P317,S3: 285) Punica granatum L. (P206,S3 : 377) Malvaceae *Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench. (PI70,S2: 423) Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik. (PI70,S2: 423) Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. (PI70,S2: 423) Gossypium barbadense L. (P171 ,S2: 430) Hibiscus mutabiUs L. (PI71,S2: 421) Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. (PI71,S2:419) Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (PI71,S2: 418) Hibiscus schizopetalus (Mast.) Hook.f. (PI71,S2: 420) *Hibiscus syriacus L. (PI71,S2: 421) Hibiscus tiUaceus L. (PI72,S2: 416) Malvastrum coromandelianum (L.) Garcke (PI72,S2: 434) Malvaviscus arboreus var. peduliflorus (Moe. & Sesse ex DC) Schery (PI72,S2: 433) *Sida acuta Burm.f. (PI 72,S2 :436) Sida rhombifolia L. (PI73,S2: 437) Thespesia populnea (L.) Soland. ex Correa (PI73,S2: 425) Urena lobata L. (PI73,S2: 431) Melastomataceae Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don (P21O,S3: 386) Meliaceae Aglaia axil/aris A. C. Smith (P240,S3 : 539) *Aglaia psi/opetala A. C. Smith Aglaia saltatorum A. C. Smith (P240,S3 : 546) Melia azedarach L. (P243,S3 : 529) *Swietenia macrophyl/a King (P244,S3: 573) Xylocarpus granatum Koenig (P244,S3 : 575) lu'on ravaka hahu'a, usi avakado,! peaf hufu hufu, huf 'a'a tala, tali jajagrava johea palafauf 'ai ne pije none reported' naeref vati 'aki'aki, hau indi'a sipj!, sipisipif kautaf kauta kautaf kautaf none reported' hau, hau Samoa finak ne puakf kautaf finak ne puakf finak ne puak, sere pinau joan ne 'atua, joan ne pija, oatima fai kauf ragkori, ragkar 'Uvea ragkori, ragkar Rotuma ragkori, ragkar Samoa, riri'i none reported' 'ai hapaf lekleki Moraceae Artocarpus altiUs (Parkinson ex Z) Fosb. (PI34,S2: 207) Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Vent. (PI35,S2: 203) Ficus adenosperma Miq. Ficus benjamina L. (PI36,S2: 175) *Ficusfulvo-pi/osa Summerhayes (PI37,S2: 187) Ficus greenwoodii Summerhayes (P138,S2: 186) Ficus obliqua Forst.f. (P138,S2: 176) Ficus prolixa Forst.f. (P138,S2: 174) 'ulu armea, vasvasi none reported' pakaf none reported" none reported" a'eva aeva A Preliminary Checklist of the Flora of Rotuma-McCLATCHEY ET AL. 361 APPENDIX I (continued) ROTUMAN NAME(S) TAXON Ficus scabra Forst.f. (P138,S2: 180) *Ficus storckii Seem. (P138,S2: 181) Ficus tinctoria Forst.f. (P139,S2: 191) malu, moala, mula, porporo porporo u'apea Myristicaceae Myristica gillespieana A. C. Smith (P92,S2: 46) tata Myrtaceae Eugenia reinwardtiana DC Psidium guajava L. (PI98,S3: 307) Syzygium corynocarpum (A. Gray) C. Muel!. (PI99,S3: 328) Syzygium diffusum (Turrill) Merr. & Perry (P200,S3: 331) Syzygium inophylloides (A. Gray) Muel!. Syzygiumjambos (L.) Alston (P200,S3: 356) Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr. & Perry (P202,S3: 352) Syzygium neurocalyx (A. Gray) Christopherson (P203,S3: 347) *Syzygium richii (A. Gray) Merr. & Perry (P203,S3: 350) Syzygium samarangense (B!.) Merr. & Perry (S3: 351) none reported" koao, kuava! ker fisi seasea, hahi'a manu hahi'a rarnram seasea hahi'a ker mi'a, kori hahi'a ramramu mamhofu Nyctaginaceae Boerhavia diffusa L. (PI52,S2: 264) Bougainvillea glabra Choisy (PI52,S2: 265) Bougainvillea spectabilis Lam. (PI52,S2: 265) Mirabilis jalapa L. (PI52,S2: 263) Pisonia grandis R. Br. (PI 52,S2 : 267) uh on kalae none reported' tot on Maria! heahea! puak vai, puka vai Olacaceae Ximenia americana L. (P215,S3: 732) tartarrnoana, tata moana Oleaceae Chionanthus vitiensis (Seem.) A. C. Smith (P256,S2: 139) Jasminum sambac (L.) Ait. furnalu tiere,I tiere Sa'moa! Onagraceae Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) Raven (P318,S3: 379) pup ne rano! Oxalidaceae Oxalis corniculata L. (P345,S3 : 625) none reported" Passifloraceae Passiflora maliformis L. (PI58,S2: 669) Passiflora quadrangularis L. (PI58,S2: 668) 'ai piol mournou! 'ai a'a! Piperaceae *Macropiper puberulum f. glabrum (C. DC) A. C. Smith (P309,S2: 68) *Peperomia obtusifolia (L.) Dietr. Peperomia rotumaensis St. John (P307) Peperomia pellucida (L.) H. B. K. (P306,S2: 89) Piper graefeii Warb. Piper insectifugum C. DC ex Seem. (P307,S2: 61) Piper methysticum Forst.f. (P308,S2: 58) Piper stipulare A. C. Smith (P309,S2: 63) Piper vaupeli Lauterb. sasa' none reported" none reported" none reported' none reported" sasa' kava, kao none reported" sasa' Polygalaceae Polygala paniculata L. (PI56,S3: 723) pup reag lolo! Polygonaceae Antigonon leptopus Hook. & Am. (P314,S2: 305) none reported' Portulacaceae *Portulaca grandiflora Hook. (S2: 279) Portulaca lutea Soland. ex Forst.f. (P313,S2: 276) Portulaca samoensis Poelln. (P313,S2: 278) none reported' periro periro Rhamnaceae Colubrina asiatica (L.) Bronqn. (P218,S3: 688) tartarrnoana, poro Rhizophoraceae Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lam. (P205,S2: 607) fogo, fago PACIFIC SCIENCE, Volume 54, October 2000 362 APPENDIX 1 (continued) ROTUMAN NAME(S) TAXON Rosaceae Rosa alba L. *Rosa damascena Mill. (P95,S3 : 38) Rosa rubrifolia ViII. Rubiaceae *Coffea arabica L. (P267,S4: 223) Coffea liberica Hiern (P267,S4: 224) Gardenia hutchinsoniana Turrill (P269,S4: 182) Gardenia taitensis DC (P269,S4: 181) Gardenia vitiensis Seem. (P269,S4: 183) Geophila repens (L.) I. M. Johnston (P270,S4: 249) Guettarda speciosa L. (P271,S4: 148) Hedyotis biflora (L.) Lam. (P271,S4: 358) *Hedyotis pumila L.f. (P271,S4: 359) Ixora coccinea L. (P273,S4: 206) Morinda citrifolia L. (P278,S4: 334) Mussaenda raiateensis J. W. Moore (P279,S4: 177) Neonaucleaforsteri (Seem. ex Havil.) Merr. (P279,S4: 161) *Pentas bussei K. Kr. Pentas lanceolata (Forsk.) Defiers (P281,S4: 351) Psychotriafragrans (Gillespie) Fosberg (P284,S4: 297) Psycho tria insularum A. Gray Readea membranacea Gillespie (P292,S4: 250) Spermacoce assurgens Ruiz & Pavon (S4: 373) Tarenna sambucina (Forst.f.) Durand (P293,S4: 159) Rutaceae Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle (P232,S3: 520) Citrus limon (L.) Burm.f. (P233,S3518) Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr. (S3: 521) Citrus macroptera Montr. (P233,S3 : 523) Citrus reticulata Blanco (P233,S3 : 519) Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck (P233,S3: 521) Euodia hortensis J. R. & G. Forst. f. simplicifolia (Rechinger) K. Schum. ex Lauterb. (P234,S3 : 498) Melicope cucullata (Gillespie) A. C. Smith (S3 : 502) Micromelum minutum (Forst.f.) Seem. (P235,S3: 510) Sapindaceae Allophylus timoriensis (DC) BI. (P245,S3 : 584) Arytera brackenridgei (A. Gray) Rad1k. (P245,S3: 602) Pometia pinnata J. R. & G. Forst. (P247,S3 : 592) Sapotaceae Planchonella samoensis K. Schum. Scrophulariaceae Angelonia biflora Benth. (P335,S5 : 76) Solanaceae Capsicum annuum L. var. annuum J. W. Parham (P328,S5: 27) Capsicum frutescens L. (P328,S5 : 27) Cestrum nocturnum L. (P329,S5: 36) Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. (P329,S5: 25) Nicotiana tabacum L. (P329,S5 : 37) Physalis angulata L. (P329,S5: 29) Solanum americanum Mill. (S5: 12) Solanum melongena L. (P330,S5 : 13) Solanum torvum Sw. (P330,S5: 10) Sterculiaceae Melochia vitiensis A. Gray (P168,S2: 3870) Sterculia fanaiho Setchell ros/ rosof ros f rosof ros! kafi/ kofe! kafif tiere Rotuma tiere, tiere Rotuma tier toga, tiere pen is karu ti togo hana none reporteda 'ai pen esef 'ai pal hefhefuf 'ura tiormea aftea none reported" none reported" soag karoic afmea sug kori none reported" fai'efau, ormea, 'ura morjf lamanef mori, C kurkurud kurukurud mor jaenef mori/ mor Rotumaf usi, hof manu none reporteda tar fai fisoa none reported a fava, fao mamrava, tata maf ne magkef jili, 'ai sun, poro f jili, 'ai sun, jelesef 'ai pua e pogi,f poa 'e pogi, tiere f tomataf rau fiti,f rau Rotumaf 'ur moaf poro poiganaf katapilaf none reported a vasvasi A Preliminary Checklist of the Flora of Rotuma-McCLATCHEY ET 363 AL. APPENDIX 1 (continued) TAXON ROTUMAN NAME(S) Theobroma cacao L. (PI69,S2: 398) koko f Thymeliaceae Phaleria disperma (Forst.f.) BailJ. (PI51,S2: 582) huni Tiliaceae Triumfetta procumbens Forstf. (PI65,S2: 379) Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq. (PI65,S2: 378) joan ne pija, totoro joan ne pija Ulmaceae *Parasponia andersonii (Planch.) Planch. (PI33,S2: 157) Trema cannabina Lour. (S2: 159) maragi joan ne pija Urticaceae Dendrocnide harveyi (Seem.) Chew (PI40,S2: 211) Dendrocnide pruritivus St. John (PI40) *Dendrocnide vitiensis (Seem.) Chew (PI40,S2: 214) Elatostema sp. (PI40,S2: 216) Laportea interrupta (L.) Chew (PI43,S2:215) *Maoutia australis Wedd. (PI43,S2: 250) Pilea microphylla (L.) Liebm. (PI43,S2: 237) Pipturus argenteus (Forst.f.) Wedd. var. lanosus Skott (PI43,S2: 243) Procris pedunculata (J. R. & G. Forster) Wedd. var. pedunculata J. W. Parham (PI44,S2 :232) Verbenaceae Lantana camara L. var. aculeata (L.) Moldenke (P301 ,S5 : 173) Stachytarpheta urticaefolia (Salisb.) Sims (P302,S5: 170) mamala' mamala' mamala,' u'apea none reported" usogo 'armea none reported' armea hat en sina pen kuneif sere,! finak ne puakf * Noted as being present by the authors and others, but not represented by preserved collections. , Indigenous or ancient introduction with no documented Rotuman name. 'Parentheses contain citation of author and page of floras (P, Parham 1972; S, Smith 1979, 1981, 1985, 1988, 1991). 'Indigenous or ancient introduction with a generalized Rotuman name. dRotuman name borrowed from Fijian. • European or recent introduction with no certain vernacular name on Rotuma. f European or recent introduction with an introduced name/cognate or a Rotuman name.