Plant diversity of the Brownsberg Nature Park, Suriname. Report of the Nov-Dec 2003 Expedition

Tinde van Andel

The Rondônia Natural Resources Management Project (PLANAFLORO) was a strategic program developed in partnership between the Brazilian Government and The World Bank in 1992, with the purpose of stimulating the sustainable development and protection of the Amazon in the state of Rondônia. More than a decade after the PLANAFORO program concluded, the aim of the present work is to recover and share the information from the long-abandoned plant collections made during the project’s ecological-economic zoning phase. Most of the material analyzed was sterile, but the fertile voucher specimens recovered are listed here. The material examined represents 378 species in 234 genera and 76 families of angiosperms. Some 8 genera, 68 species, 3 subspecies and 1 variety are new records for Rondônia State. It is our intention that this information will stimulate future studies and contribute to a better understanding and more effective conservation of the plant diversity in the southwestern Amazon of Brazil.

Slight topographic variations appear to exert dramatic effects on the structure of forests subject to inundation. In a late successional tidal floodplain forest near the Amazon port of Belém, Brazil, we examined these effects by studying floristic composition along a topographic gradient. We predicted that, relative to high sites, low sites would be characterized by high representation of life forms and taxa characteristic of inundated sites. We found striking variations in floristic composition along a slight topographic gradient. In comparison with topographically high sites, low sites were characterized by a high representation of Palm trees (Arecaceae), low diversity of trees and lianas, and high plant density. These variations appear to reflect edaphic limitations imposed by periodic flooding. The high spatial variation in floristic composition found in this ecosystem suggest caution in implementing intensive forms of agriculture.

Plant diversity of the Brownsberg Nature Park, Suriname Report of the Nov-Dec 2003 Expedition Hans ter Steege Olaf S. Bánki Tinde R. van Andel Joelaika Behari-Ramdas Gisla Ramharakh Utrecht, April 2004 0 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Plant diversity of the Brownsberg Nature Park, Suriname Report of the Nov-Dec 2003 Expedition Hans ter Steege1, Olaf S. Bánki1, Tinde R. van Andel1, Joelaika Behari-Ramdas2, Gisla Ramharakh 2 1 NHN-Utrecht Branch, Utrecht University, Utrecht 2 Nationaal Herbarium Suriname (BBS), Anton de Kom Universiteit, Paramaribo cover photo: stem of Chimarrhis turbinata (Sinja oedoe) 1 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Contents Summary 3 Introduction The Research Team Methods Results Discussion Acknowledgements References 4 7 8 13 20 22 23 Appendix 1: List of tree species found in eight plots in and around Brownsberg Appendix 2: List of plant collections made in and around Brownsberg Appendix 3: Preliminary checklist of the plants of the Brownsberg Nature Park 2 25 37 50 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Summary During an expedition in Brownsberg Nature Park (BNP) in November and December 2003 eight 1-ha plots were inventoried, and 445 plant collections were made. The plots made in the area belong to the plots with the highest tree α-diversity in Suriname. Furthermore it seems that the forest on the plateaus differ in species abundance and composition from that of the forest at the base of the BNP. In fact the Nassau Mts, together with the Lely Mts and the Brownsberg, may belong to a specific ecosystem that occupies less than 0.5% of Suriname’s land surface. Further studies on the diversity of these ecosystems are suggested. Epipedobates trivittatus (Brownsberg form). 3 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Introduction Brownsberg Nature Park The Brownsberg Nature Park, managed by the Foundation for Nature Preservation in Suriname (Stinasu) on a long-term lease, is situated in North-Central Suriname, just west of the Brokopondo Reservoir. Stinasu obtained part of the Brownsberg Plateau for management as a Nature Park in 1969. Since its creation, the Park has become one of the most popular nature recreation areas in Suriname. The park has a variety of ecosystems and has served, due to its excellent accessibility just 120 km south of Paramaribo, and successful promotion by Stinasu, as the main centre of nature education, public awareness and eco-tourism in Suriname. The Park hosted 20,000 visitors, mostly Surinamese, in the year 2001 (de Dijn, pers. comm.). Together with the Nassau Mts, Lely Mts, Winti Wai, Hok-a-Hin, Stonbroekoe and Majordam Mts. the Brownsberg forms part of a system of laterite-bauxite plateaus in NE-Suriname. These plateaus cover less than 0.5% of Suriname’s land surface and may constitute a rare and endangered landscape type. From the checklists of the Brownsberg and research in neighbouring Guyana (ter Steege 1998, ter Steege et al. 2000a), there are some indications that several endemic (plant) species may be found on these mountain systems. Because of their important mineral resource base, the three major laterite-bauxite plateaus (Nassau, Lely and Brownsberg) are all destined for open pit bauxite mining and have each indeed been explored by Suralco (Suriname’s Aluminium Company). Recently new explorations were carried out in the Brownsberg Park, affecting its status as an undisturbed natural area. In January and February 2003 the NHN-U and BBS, with logistical support from Suralco, performed a botanical expedition to the Nassau Mountains (Bánki et al. 2003). During this expedition numerical data on tree diversity was obtained by establishing eight 1-ha plots, and general plant collecting surveys were conducted to obtain an insight in the vegetation of the Nassau Mountains. During discussions with WWF-Suriname and Stinasu the possible similarities in plant diversity between the Nassau Mountains and the Brownsberg were discussed. This eventually led to the joint programme for the Brownsberg as reported here. Project justification Stinasu recently published its Research Plan (Fitzgerald et al. 2002) and has started the implementation of the WWF funded programme ‘The Brownsberg Nature Park Biological Data and Information Improvement’. While the promotion of tourism and education has been relatively successful in Brownsberg Nature Park, the promotion of research has been underemphasized. For the sustained existence and management of the Park and maintenance of its biodiversity, it is mandatory that an ecological research and monitoring programme be implemented (Fitzgerald et al. 2002). According to the programme document, the strategy to implement a vegetation baseline of the Brownsberg Nature Park needs to be pushed further. The establishment of six 1-ha plots and the botanical surveys were considered a significant contribution towards the implementation of this strategy, as they can be used for a variety of research objectives. In addition to that, Stinasu and other stakeholders are justifiably worried about the impact of open pit mining in the area and were interested in an assessment of the plant diversity of 4 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Brownsberg and a comparison with the other bauxite plateaus and the main lowland rain forest of Suriname. Importantly, this project provides numerical data for the assessment of the conservation value of Brownsberg Nature Park, and provides furthermore a preliminary checklist of plants occurring in the area. Stinasu’s research plan for Brownsberg has a number of objectives (modified after Fitzgerald et al. 2002): 1 2 3 4 5 Assess the “health” of the Park’s ecosystems and its conservation status. Yield up-to-date information upon which management decisions can be based. Inventory flora, fauna (provision of baseline data), and ecological phenomena for the purpose of visitor education. Expand the potential of the Park as a site for nature study. Strengthen scientific research across the Guiana Shield Region, e.g. by sharing methodologies, information and human resources. An important part of the research plan involves ‘on-the-job training’ of Surinamese personnel in ecological research, in conjunction with facilitation of research and monitoring by national and international research teams (Fitzgerald et al. 2002). In Stinasu’s view the park should develop into a ‘rainforest school’, where monitoring techniques can be learned, and where studies on the sustainable use of the rainforest can be initiated. The easy access, good facilities, and rich forest make it an attractive place for such a set-up. In this project we contribute to these objectives by establishing eight 1-ha plots, five of which are permanent (PSP) and by general plant collecting surveys in the Brownsberg Nature Park. Three plots were established on the plateau, two on the slopes, and three at the base. The general plant collecting surveys were carried out outside the plots throughout the park. Establishment of the plots will: 1 Provide baseline data of tree-alpha-diversity in the area, which can be compared with the growing plot data for the Guiana Shield and Amazon (ter Steege et al. 2000a, 2003a), which has been and will remain a research focus of the NHNUtrecht (Schulz 1960, Maas 1971, ter Steege 2000, ter Steege et al. 2000, van Andel 2001, Bánki et al. 2003, ter Steege et al. 2003a,b); 2 Serve as a first training opportunity for the set up of botanical plots in the area; 3 Serve as permanent plots where growth and dynamics can be measured; 4 Provide 6 permanent sample plots that can be used for other studies, where identified tree individuals are important; 5 Provide further opportunities for teaching tree identification skills. Performing general plant collecting surveys will: 6. Provide baseline data on the plant diversity of the Brownsberg by adding and updating a preliminary plant checklist of the Brownsberg; 7. Provide basic training in plant collecting techniques to personnel of Stinasu and BBS. The NHN-U and BBS have a long history in collaboration and both are members of the Flora of the Guianas project. The NHN-U and the BBS were involved in many plant expeditions in 5 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Guyana and Suriname (see Jansen-Jacobs & ter Steege 2000, Jansen-Jacobs et al. 2002). Moreover the NHN-U also made expeditions in French Guiana (Cremers et al. 1996, Ek et al. 2000). Both institutions intend to do more plant expeditions in Suriname and the other Guianas in the near future. Besides general plant collecting, plot studies are an important part of basic data generation necessary for the understanding of local and regional biodiversity patterns. At present the number of botanical plots in the Neotropics is increasing, allowing more and more detailed analysis of patterns of diversity and their possible causes (Terborgh & Andresen 1998, ter Steege et al. 2000, 2003b). Plot establishment and analysis has been an ongoing activity of the NHN-U (e.g. Maas 1971, ter Steege 2000, van Andel 2001, ter Steege et al. 2003a). As the number of plots is still insufficient to accurately describe the local diversity and spatial heterogeneity in the Guianas, the NHN-U has set a goal to establish more plots in Suriname and Guyana. Figure 1. Brownsberg, Nassau Mts and Lely Mts are the three major bauxite plateaus in Suriname. These three unique areas constitute under 0.5% of Suriname’s land area. 6 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 The Research Team The expedition of to BNP was carried out by NHN-U and BBS in collaboration with Stinasu, with financial support from WWF-Suriname, logistical and in-kind support from Suralco. Two persons from the National Herbarium of Suriname (BBS) and two persons from Stinasu received on the job training in tree plot inventories and general plant collecting techniques. The research-team consisted of the following members: Dr. Hans ter Steege Drs. Olaf S. Bánki Ms. Dr. Tinde van Andel Ms. Joelaika Behari-Ramdas Ms. Gisla Ramharakh Mr. Frits van Troon Mr. Arioene Vreedzaam Mr. Satyawan Dharma Mr Weewee Khan Ms. Danaë Rozendaal Figure 2. Ecologist, Biodiversity Assessment, NHN-U Botanist, freelance, NHN-U Botanist, freelance, NHN-U Botanist, Assistant-Curator, BBS Botanist, Assitant-Curator, BBS Treespotter, freelance Research supervisor, Stinasu Research supervisor, Stinasu Park warden, Stinasu MSc student, Utrecht University Part of the research team in front of the research lodging at BNP (“De Ark”). 7 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Methods As preparation to the expedition, all known plant collections from and forest inventories of the BNP were gathered and typed into a database in Utrecht. This provided the expedition team with a checklist of plants from the area. The actual field work in BNP took place from November 17 untill December 5, 2003. The expedition was carried out by two teams: one team (TvA, JBR, GR, AV, WK) focussed on general plant collecting and the other team (HtS, OSB, FvT, DR, SD) focussed on the establishment and inventory of 1-ha tree plots. Stinasu’s Research Housing (‘De Ark’) was used as basecamp for plots on the main northern plateau and access road, Tonka Island was used as base camp for plots on the eastern side of the plateau (Figure 3). Plot establishment and inventory In total eight plots were established: three on the northern plateau of BNP, two on the main slopes and three at the base of the mountain (Figure 3). Five plots were made permanent with a galvanized pole and tagged trees. The fifth was considered too disturbed and too close to logging to warrant the extra investment of permanency. In addition to the agreed six plots, two extra plots were laid out at the base on Brownsberg, facing the main infrastructure of Stinasu – viz. the lake side. One plot was laid out on Tonka Island and one just opposite from Tonka on the main land. This exercise was undertaken to allow for a better sample of undisturbed lowland forest. Table 1. NAME BB1 BB2 BB3 BB4 BB5 BB6 BB7 BB8 Plot meta-data. Plots that were made permanent are given in bold. TD marker, BNP roadside pegs. The orientation (left or right) is moving away from the park infrastructure; Basel., compass direction baseline; 0-line, compass direction of line along first set of plots (1 – 10). A permanent galvanized pole is present at the corner of each plot, where baseline and 0-line meet. TD marker PP 0.9 right side 50 m in JT 0.4 right side 30 m in 50 m after RWKV 0.9 30 m in AKP 4.5 right side, > 50 m in AKP Entrance left, > 50 in WK 1.0 right 30 m in Tonka Island Hilltop Line (20x500m) from Brokopondo lake Latitude 4.929133 Longitude -55.215485 Basel. 183 0-line 273 Forest Plateau forest, few palms 4.932639 -55.193833 180 270 Mixed, high plateau forest 4.946944 -55.188639 180 90 High forest on plateau 4.972160 -55.176410 325 55 4.986980 -55.195430 220 130 4.942806 -55.176694 210 300 High open forest, multiple treefall gaps Disturbed forest. Signs of previous logging; on slope High mixed forest; on slope 4.923290 -55.129630 191 281 4.932630 -55.144447 340 - 8 Open dry forest. Much Astrocaryum sciophyllum Mixed high forest, very open understorey PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP Figure 3. DRAFT MAY 2004 Plot locations (circles) and camps (triangles) on and surrounding the Brownsberg Plateau. The small circles indicate herbarium collecting locations. All plots were square plots of 100 x 100 meters, subdivided into subplots of 10 x 10 meters, except for plot eight that was a line of 500 x 20 meters. A clear line was cut outside the 100x100 plots, bordering each of the four edges. Sticks with flags were put at 10 m distance. All trees with a DBH (Diameter at Breast Height = 130 cm) ≥ 10 cm were pre-identified by Frits van Troon and listed by 10x10 m sub-plot. If a tree had buttresses or irregularities at 130 cm, DBH was measured above these and noted in the fieldnotes. Strongly fluted trees were noted and measured at 130 cm. Reference collections were made when trees could not be identified at the spot. The mostly sterile reference collections were sent to the Utrecht herbarium for identification purposes1. Five plots were made permanent (Table 1). This process consisted in the placing of a thick galvanized pipe on the plot-corner closest to the trail (see Table 1 for distance to trails). All trees with DBH > 10 cm, were numbered with aluminium tag and nail. To link the names used by Frits van Troon to scientific names a list of van Troon names was drafted before the fieldwork also with the help of Pieter Teunissen and Bart de Dijn. This list contains information from different documents, including a list made by Pieter Teunissen, Marga Werkhoven and Frits van Troon present at the BBS, collection data by Lindeman et al. (1980, 1981) from the Kabalebo-area, and information from the expedition to the Nassau Mts 1 Due to logistical constraints this material did not arrive to date, so that many identifications remain preliminary and several trees remain unidentified at this moment. 9 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 in January and February 2003 (Bánki et al. 2003). In the field some extra information to the list was added also with the help of the Virtual Tree Guide of the Guianas (Haripersaud & ter Steege 2003) and also by the preliminary Tree Atlas of the Brownsberg that the research team of Stinasu is currently developing. Also other documents were used including the ‘Bomenboek van Suriname’ (Lindeman and Mennega 1963), Fruits of the Guianan Flora (van Roosmalen 1985), the index of vernacular plant names of Suriname (van ‘t Klooster et al. 2003), and a list by Frits van Troon of fallen trees after a so called sibibusi (van Troon 1984). Identification of collected plants will further aid in linking van Troon names to scientific names. The scientific names were updated by using the checklist of the Guianas (Boggan et al. 1997, Hollowell et al. 2001) and classified to families by using the Angiosperm Phyllogeny Group II (Stevenson 2001 and onwards). Botanical collecting Standard botanical collection methods were used. Vouchers from flowering or fruiting trees were obtained by using an eight meter long clipper pole. For safety reasons, no tree climbing took place. For all saprophytes and members of the Annonaceae family, leaf material was collected on silica gel for DNA analysis. This material will be used by scientists from the NHN-U for their molecular systematic research on those families. If possible, four duplicates were made of each collection: one for the BBS, one for the NHN-U, and two for specialists of that particular family elsewhere in the world. Plants were collected between 18 November and 4 December 2003, at the end of the dry season in Suriname. Hardly any rain fell during these weeks - only the last two days there were some heavy rainstorms. Most of the collecting was carried out along roads and trails, since it was easier to spot flowering or fruiting branches there than inside the closed forest. The following trails have been covered by the botanical inventory team (see Figure 3): • • • • • • • • • • • • Entire Witi creek trail until Brokopondo Lake Entire AKP road from Stinasu headquarters to park entrance Entire Rondwandeling trail Jeep trail until km 1.6 Entire Mazaroni top trail Mazaroni road from Stinasu headquarters till Jeep trail entrance PP road from lookout (km 5.6) to Brownsberg top Entire Leo Falls trail Irene Falls trail, following Irene Creek and gold mine down to park entrance Entire Kumbu Falls trail Telesur tower surroundings Tonka Island: Natuurleerpad trail and beach forest Due to time constraints the following areas could not be covered: • Jeep trail from km 1.6 • Mazaroni falls trail • Mazaroni road from Jeep trail entrance to PP road km 5.6 (but a hectare plot was made at PP: 0.9) • The collecting team tried to cover all representative vegetation types of the Brownsberg, or at least those that could be reached by road or trail. Stinasu has prepared a Botanical Atlas 10 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 based on the ca. 500 marked tree species on the Brownsberg. Some of these trees were not yet identified up to species level, and special effort was made to collect fertile material of these individuals. Tree numbers used by Stinasu will be mentioned on the voucher labels. Saramaccan tree spotter Frits van Troon mainly worked in the hectare plots, but each afternoon he inspected the collected vouchers in the plant presses. In this way he supplied the botanical team with many Sranang, Saramaccan and even scientific names of the collected material. During the evenings, Frits van Troon joined the botanical team to identify their samples of collected plants, with the help of regional Floras and checklists from the wellstocked Stinasu library. In this way, all members of the botanical team learned from each other in the field of plant family recognition, bark and slash characteristics, and indigenous plant use. At the time this report was written the plants did not yet arrive in Utrecht. Therefor, in this report only a preliminary list of species can be given. A second report with a more complete list will appear as soon as most plants are identified. As soon as the vouchers arrive, they will be disinfected and identified at the Utrecht herbarium (NHN-U). The fertile specimens collected outside the plots will be useful to identify sterile specimens from the hectare plots, accelerating the biodiversity analysis of these plots. The identification process will take several months, since some specimens have to be sent out to specialists abroad. Preliminary checklist of the plants of the Brownsberg Nature Park As preparation to the expedition several lists of plant collections were typed into a database. These lists included an old list of marked trees from the Brownsberg Arboretum of Boschwezen with references to collections stored in Utrecht and Paramaribo (the so called ‘Brownsberg Bomen’), including a list by van Emden from 1931, which was found in the archives of Jan Lindeman. Together with other collection lists, like those from Tjon-LimSang and van der Wiel 1975 – 1976 and from Maas, Mennega and Koek-Noorman in November 1974, the list of marked trees was typed into an excel sheet. Also all the collections that were available in the digital database of the NHN-U were included in the preliminary checklist, together with an existing list from Stinasu (Fitzgerald et al. 2002) that did not have clear references to plant collections. This provided the expedition team with a preliminary checklist of the area. In Suriname several other lists were found including a list from the Brownsberg Nature Park management plan 1991-1995 (Reichart 1997), a list from Stinasu’s monitoring program available in November/December 2003, and a list made by Frits van Troon from fallen trees in 1984 several days after a sibibusi (a devastating whirl wind) occurred on the Brownsberg (van Troon 1984). Plant collections from the Brownsberg were also found in the digital database at BBS. In the months after the fieldwork period all these lists were integrated into the preliminary checklist of the Brownsberg, with notes whether plant were actually collected and reported. All plant names were checked by using the checklist of the plants the Guianas (Boggan et al. 1997) and the preliminary checklist of the plants of the Guiana Shield (Hollowell et al. 2001). The plant families in the checklist were classified according to the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II (Stevenson 2001 and onwards). Scott Mori of the New York Botanical Gardens kindly checked the Lecythidaceae of the Brownsberg. Maarten Christenhusz of the University of Turku in Finland kindly checked the Pterophyta (ferns) of the Brownsberg. A collection 11 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 list made by Christenhusz and Bollendorff from March 2003 was included in the preliminary checklist as well. There was no time to check whether the plants collected actually were identified correctly, so the preliminary checklist may contain some misidentifications. However, most species mentioned in the list are based on several plant collections so the expected error should not be very high. The collections made during the current expedition are not yet included in the preliminary checklist of plants of the Brownsberg. This will be done when most of the plants collections are identified. Databases All plot data and plant collections were typed into Excel databases. Data analysis Plot data was analysed with Detrended Correspondence Analysis (Multi-Variate Statistical Package MVSP 3.11, Kovach Computing Services, UK). Special emphasis was taken to discover altitudinal gradients from the lowland towards the bauxite plateaus and differences between the Nassau and Brownsberg plateaus. Initially this was carried out with all species. However as some problems remain with the proper identification of several rare tree species, final comparison is made with the more common tree species. The data of the plateaus is also compared to that of the other 1-ha plots available in Suriname (in total 23). To test differences in composition between the lowlands and plateaus and among the plateaus we made use of a Multi-Response Permutation Procedure of PC-ORD (MjM Software USA, McCune & Mefford 1999, McCune & Grace 2002). MRRP is a non-parametric procedure that can be used for testing the hypothesis that no difference exists in composition between one or more gourps of plots. For distance in composition between the plots we used Relative Sørensen, as it takes both composition (presence-absence of species) and abundance into account. For weighting option: CI = nI / ∑nI was used, which is the most widely used and recommend measure. We used 9999 permutiations in the test. Two tests were carried out based on a-priori selection. One: plots at the base vs. plots on the plateaus and two: plots on Nassau vs. plots in BNP. To test for differences in composition as a function of distance we carried out a Mantel test (PC-ORD) using two matrices, one with the plot data (species with a total occurance of 40 individuals or more on all plots combined = 75 species) and one with the plot locations. For the similarity again the Relative Sørensen index was used, for the distance matrix for plot location Euclidean distance was used, calculated from lat-long coordinates (1 degree is 110.2 km). For test of significance randomization of the data was used (9999 runs). 12 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Results Tree α-diversity of plots in the BNP A total of 4487 trees ≥ 10 cm DBH were found in the eight plots. Preliminary species count based on certain identifications and morpho-species resulted in 383 species in these plots. The average Fisher’s α (a diversity measure corrected for sample size and widely used to compare plots) over the six plots is 57.12. A full list of the species (by plot) can be found in Appendix 1. Table 2 shows the number of individuals, the number of species, and the Fisher’s α of the six plots in BNP. The highest Fisher’s α is found in plot 1 (75.53), which at present is the plot with the highest tree α-diversity in Suriname. Number of individuals (N), number of species (S) and Fisher’s α (F. α) by plot. The total numbers and average Fisher’s α are given on the right-hand side. Table 2. plot N S F. α BB1 639 167 73.53 BB2 571 144 61.96 BB3 635 141 56.17 BB4 466 128 58.25 BB5 540 126 51.68 BB6 548 137 58.63 BB7 526 124 51.18 BB8 562 117 44.94 total 4487 383 57.04 As can be seen from Figure 4, only 6 species are represented with over 100 individuals. These species were Lecythis idatimon, Eschweilera pedicellata, Micrandra elata, Eperua falcata, Qualea rosea, and Astrocaryum sciophilum. Most species found (269) were represented by less than ten individuals in the plots. The number of species represented by only one individual (102) and species with five individuals 1000 N of individuals 100 10 1 0.1 0 100 200 Species rank in abundance Figure 4. Rank-abundance curve for the eight plots in the BNP. 13 300 400 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 70 BB1 BB2 60 BB3 BB4 BB5 50 % individuals BB6 BB7 40 BB8 30 20 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 size class (10 cm classe s) Figure 5. Size class structure of the eight plots in BNP. Size class 1 stands for individuals with a diameter at breast height (DBH) between 10 and 19.9 cm, 2 for 20 – 29.9 etc. or less (227) is also high (Figure 3). This gives an indication that the tree diversity in the Brownsberg is relatively high. Figure 5 shows the size class structure of the six plots in BNP. The largest proportion of individuals were found in the lowest size class (10 – 19.9 cm DBH) and formed around close to 60% of all individuals in the plots. Comparing with Nassau In terms of tree alpha-diversity BNP-plots and Nassau plots (Bánki et al. 2003)) are fairly comparable. The average Fisher’s alpha for the Nassau plots was 52.23 and for BNP 57.04. Both plateaus and their surroundings have high diversity compared to most lowland forests plots in western Suriname and Mapane and this diversity is perhaps not uncommon in the forests south of the Zanderij Formation. A comparison (Figure 6) in composition (of common, well identified species) between the plots of Nassau and BNP reveals two interesting results. Firstly, there are clear differences in composition related to elevation. In Figure 6 Axis 1 represents that elevational gradient which is similar in direction on both plateaus. Hence, both plateaus appear to have a comparable elevational gradient in species composition. This difference in composition between plateaus and base is highly significant (MRRP; A = 0.133; p < 0.0005). Species characteristic for the lowlands surrounding the base of the (and contrasting) plateaus are (PC-ORD, Indicator Analysis, Nr. of runs 1000, p < 0.05): Astrocaryum sciophilum, Dicorynia guianensis, Bocoa prouacensis, Couepia cognate, Gustavia hexapetala, Chaetocarpus schomburgkianus, Oenocarpus bacaba, Toulicia pulvinata, Tetragastris panamensis, Ephedranthus guianensis, 14 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 CA variable scores BB6_M 3.7 BB1_P BB2_P 2.9 BB3_P BB8_L Axis 2 2.2 BB4_M BB5_L N2_P BB7_L N6_P 1.5 N3_P N1_P 0.7 N4_L N5_L 0.7 -0.7 1.5 2.2 2.9 3.7 -0.7 Figure 6. Axisof1 BNP (BB) and Nassau (N) plots. Last letter indicates Detrended Correspondence Analysis relative location: P plots on plateau (c. 500 m), L in lowland (c. 50 m) and M on slopes (200-300 m). Axis 1 can be interpreted as an axis of elevation, which is similar in direction on both plateaus, with the plots at the base on the left and the plateau plots on the right. The second axis is an axis of distance segregating the Nassau plots from the Brownsberg plots. Couepia guianensis, and Lecythis idatimon. In contrast species typical for the plateaus, compared to the base are: Fusaea longifolia, Jacaranda copaia, Pouteria cuspidate, Neea floribunda, Qualea rosea, Micrandra brownsbergensis, Ruizterania albiflora, Sterculia pruriens, and Calycolpus revolutus. Distance too is an important factor explaining similarity among plots. Plots on Nassau resemble other plots on and surrounding Nassau more than they do those of Brownsberg. The same is true for the BNP-plots. Hence the two plateaus appear distinct in their composition. This difference as a result of distance is the best interpretation for axis 2 in Figure 6. The difference in compostion between Nassau and BNP is small but significant (MRRP, A = 0.083, p = 0.002). Species that can be considered characteristic for Nassau in this dataset (PC-ORD, Indicator Analysis, Nr. of runs 1000, p < 0.05) are (in order of decreasing indicator value): Cordia laevifrons,Eschweilera coriacea, Lecythis corrugate, Myrtaceae sp.5_Na, Ephedranthus guianensis, Eperua falcate, Pouteria cuspidate, and Catostemma fragrans. For BNP these are (also in decreasing order of importance): Talisia sp.1_BB, Cordia sagotii, Tetragastris panamensis, Siparuna decipiens, Ocotea glomerata, Corythophora labriculata, Virola michelii, Coussarea paniculata, and Unonopsis glaucopetala A similar analysis carried out with all trees shows the difference between the plateaus to be musch more important but may suffer from the fact that unidentified species are differentially classified on each of the plateaus 15 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 1 0.9 0.8 Similarity 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0.1 1 10 100 1000 Distance (Km) Figure 7. Distance explains a substantial part of the variation in composition between plots. Plots further away share less species. Note that the x-axis has a logarithmic scale. When all plots of Suriname are compared with regard to composition, distance explains a significant portion of the variation in similarity (Mantell test, r = 0.635, p = 0.0001). Hence, plots closer together share more species. In this analysis one plot in W-Suriname, which is dominated by Dimorphandra conjugata (Dakama) was excluded, being a very species poor fire climax vegetation. This effect of distance is also clearly visible when plots are analysed with Detrende Correspondence Analysis (Decorana). Plots then group in three clusters, one for W-Suriname, one for Brownberg, and one for Nassau Mts. The single plot from E-Suriname (Moengo Tapoe) is positioned somewhat between Nassau and Brownsberg (Figure 8). The areas differ significantly in their species composition (MRRP, A = 0.17, p << 0.001). Results of general plant collecting on the Brownsberg∗ As a result of the dry season, many plants on the Brownsberg were either flowering and fruiting. Apart from trees, collections were also made from shrubs, herbs, ferns, lianas, (hemi-) epiphytes, saprophytes and parasites. A total of 445 plants were collected, identified preliminary up to 77 families. A total of 21 vouchers still need to be identified up to family level. Most vouchers (30) were collected in the family Myrtaceae, quite abundant on the Brownsberg, followed by Euphorbiaceae (22) and Annonaceae (19). The full list of collected plants is given in Appendix 2. ∗ During the writing of this report the plant material collected had not yet arrived in Utrecht. Therefore, the notes here are preliminary and short. 16 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 CA variable scores 4.5 N6_P 3.6 N1_P N3_P N2_P W_SCB 2.7 W_WE1 Axis 2 W_WE2 N5_L N4_L W_PJG1 W_SCF 1.8 W_KH W_BMK BB2_P BB3_P BB4_M E_MT 0.9 BB1_P BB5_L BB7_L BB8_L -0.9 0.9 1.8 2.7 3.6 4.5 BB6_M -0.9 Axis 1 Figure 7. Detrended Correspondence Analysis of Surinames botanical plots of trees with more than 40 individuals in the complete dataset. First letter(s) in front of the underscore indicate the location of the plot (W: west Suriname; E: east Suriname; N: Nassau Mts.; BB: Brownsberg) Last letter indicates plots name (for W and E) or relative location on the plateau (for N and BB): P plots on plateau (c. 500 m), L in lowland (c. 50 m) and M on slopes (200-300 m). 17 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 The following vegetation types were covered during the botanical inventory: High mesophytic rain forest This diverse primary forest on well-drained, deeper soil has a relatively closed canopy of 2540 m high (Fitzgerald et al., 2002). The large emergent trees, which could reach heights of 45-65 m, often belong to the genera Eschweilera, Couratari and Lecythis (Lecythidaceae) and Qualea (Vochysiaceae). This forest type is found primarily on the slopes and ridges of the Brownsberg (along Witi Creek and AKP road) and in certain patches on the Plateau. In some parts, where the soil is well-developed, this forest type has an understorey dominated by several palm species, e.g. Oenocarpus bacaba, Astrocaryum sciophylum, and Astrocaryum paramaca. Annonaceae are also very common in the understorey. ‘Savanna Forest’ This forest is widespread on top of the Plateau where the laterite cap is near the surface and where there is only a thin layer of humus (Fitzgerald et al. 2002).The tree canopy is very open and low (up to 20 m) and the forest is composed by thin-stemmed trees. The family Myrtaceae is very abundant in this forest type. We have collected ca. 15-20 different species of Myrtaceae on the Brownsberg, the majority from this forest type. This forest is common along the Mazaroni and AKP road. ‘Orchid garden’ This forest type was found when leaving the Witi Creek trail at 3.2 km and heading north 300 m away from the trail. A very low Myrtaceae forest with many lianas and epiphytes was found here. Bromeliads and orchids were growing on the ground or on the branches of low shrubs. The soil was rocky, with a thick layer of dry leaves. Lianas were abundant, so this vegetation might belong to the Liana Forest described by Fitzgerald et al. (2002). High Marsh forest This high forest was found along the Witi Creek and was characterised by many individuals of Eperua falcata and an undergrowth with occasional patches of Euterpe oleraceae and Geonoma baculifera (indicating badly drained soils) and several different Piper species. The creek forest was not inundated at the time of this inventory, but it had not rained for weeks. ‘Moss forest’ Along the eastern edges and the southern part of the Plateau humidity is high and clouds linger. The forest, although very dry at the time of our expedition, has the appearance of a cloud forest. Trees are covered with a thick layer of moss and the temperature is much lower than elsewhere on the plateau. The canopy is open and quite low, but there are several emergent trees of ca. 30 m high. Myrtaceae are still common here, as are tree ferns (Cyatheaceae) and Cyperaceae in the herb layer. Disturbed primary forest and secondary forest Around the Stinasu headquarters and visitor buildings, the primary forest is rather disturbed, and the large canopy trees have developed branches that reach very low. In some areas, the primary forest has given way to secondary forest, with characteristic species like Cecropia, Pourouma, Inga and Melastomataceae shrubs. At the foot of the Brownsberg, along the lower parts of the Witi and Irene Creek, the forest has been severely damaged by gold miners. Active gold mining still takes place along the lower parts of Irene Creek. Here the vegetation has been clear-cut and the entire creek has been turned over by bulldozers. The secondary 18 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 shrubland we find here consists of Senna alata shrubs, the razor-sharp grass Scleria secans, Trema micrantha treelets, Melastomataceae shrubs and Cecropia saplings. Vegetation on rocky creek beds The vegetation around the waterfalls at the edge of the Plateau (Koemboe, Irene, Leo falls) has been extensively sampled. Irene creek was followed down until its lower branches. The rocks around the falls are covered with moss, several different fern species, and typical herbs of a very moist habitat, e.g., Dicranopygium (Cyclanthaceae), Centropogon (Campanulaceae), Piper, tree ferns (Cyathea) and terrestrial Araceae. ‘Beach forest’ Two days were spend on Tonka Island, where a total of 51 species were collected. The forest on the island was suffering from drought and small fires at that time. It showed signs of disturbance, with an open canopy of 20-25 m, and abundant palm species (Astrocaryum, Maximiliana maripa). Along the ‘beach’ of the Brokopondo Lake, lianas were common and trees were small with low-hanging branches, providing us with the opportunity to collect tree species that would have been impossible to collect on the Brownsberg because of their height. Many flowering and fruiting lianas were collected as well. The water level of the Lake was very low. No water plants were observed. More details on the different vegetation types will be given when the collections have been identified at the Utrecht Herbarium. Results of the preliminary checklist of the plants of the Brownsberg Nature Park Appendix 3 shows the preliminary checklist of the Brownsberg. The list contains in total 957 plant species belonging to 134 plant families and 514 plant genera. The preliminary checklist contains 592 plant names that can be linked to plant collections stored in the Herbaria of Utrecht, Paramaribo, New York, and Turku (TUR, Finland) (indicated with c in appendix 3), 356 plant names that are recorded in a different fashion from the Brownsberg (indicated with r in appendix 3), and 9 plants that were observed by the current expedition team during the fieldwork (indicated with o in appendix 3). The preliminary checklist includes trees, shrubs, herbs, ferns mosses, etc. Of the ten families with the most species, the Fabaceae (86 species) and the Orchidaceae (70 species, followed by the Rubiaceae (45 species), are by far the largest families. The other families include the Melastomataceae (27 species), the Myrtaceae (24 species), the Euphorbiaceae (22 species), the Chrysobalanaceae and Lauraceae (both 23 species), and the Bignoniaceae and Sapotaceae (both 21 species). Of the 134 plant families, 106 are represented with less than 10 species, 75 plant families have less than 5 species, and 39 are represented by a single species in the preliminary checklist. Table 3 shows the different data sources from which the 592 plants names originate that are linked to real plant collections. Since it was not the objective to assess the actual amount of plant collections per species, it was not checked if the different data sources refer to the same plant collections. Thus, it is not possible at the moment to give the exact number of plant collections underlying the preliminary checklist. 19 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP Table 3. DRAFT MAY 2004 Data sources for plants collected on the Brownsberg and the number of collections these data sources contain. Data source Digital database at NHN-U Digital database at BBS ‘Brownsberg Bomen’ list of marked trees from an arboretum of Boschwezen (including collections from van Emden 1931) Maas, Mennega and Koek-Noorman 1974 Tjon-Lim-Sang and van der Wiel 1975 – 1976 Christenhusz and Bollendorff 2003 Nr. of plant collections ca. 265 ca. 314 ca. 342 ca. 45 ca. 196 ca. 102 The 356 recorded plant names originated from the following data sources: Plant list from Brownsberg Nature Park ecological research and monitoring program 2001-2006 (Fitzgerald et al. 2002); a list coming from the Brownsberg Nature Park management plan 1991-1995 (Reichart 1997); a list coming from Stinasu’s monitoring program available in November/December 2003; and a list made by Frits van Troon from fallen trees in 1984 several days after a sibibusi occurred on the Brownsberg (van Troon 1984). The plant list in Fitzgerald et al. (2002) is made by Timothy Paine based mostly on plants mentioned in the card system at the BBS, but the link between real collections and plant names is unclear. It is expected that for most of the 356 plant names mentioned in the preliminary checklist, plant collections can be found in BBS. Moreover, Stinasu is developing an impressive Tree Atlas for the Brownsberg with digital photographs of leaves, flowers and fruits within the framework of Stinasu’s monitoring programme and the names of the trees are included in the 356 plants reported as well. We expect that most of the 356 plants names reported will be confirmed in the near future. The plants collected and recorded in the current study are not as yet incorporated in the preliminary checklist. The original data supporting the preliminary checklist will be shared by NHN-U with Stinasu, BBS, and those who contributed to the current list. We hope the preliminary checklist presented here will be updated on a regular basis by Stinasu, BBS and NHN-U, and will eventually lead to a true checklist of the Brownsberg Nature Park to the benefit of the scientific and conservation community in general. Discussion and conclusions The forest of Brownsberg, of its plateaus, its hill sides and base are rich in species. At present BNP holds the record tree diversity for 1-ha botanical plots. While this is extremely good news for BNP, such high diversity is perhaps not uncommon for the mesophytic mixed forests south of the Zanderij formation. Forests on similar soils in French Guiana sport still higher tree diversity. The relatively undisturbed and protected nature of BNP, however, makes it a safe haven for many rarer mammal species, only rarely encountered in the areas surrounding BNP, most likely due to hunting pressure. This is an important difference with Nassau Mts., where mammal life appear to be under heavy hunting pressure. 20 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Differences in composition between Nassau and Brownsberg are likely to be larger than can be concluded on the basis of the 75 most-common species we used for the analysis here. However, as the names are not yet syncronised between the two areas, many of the differences could be different identifications and/or morphospecies, thus too high. Still we believe that when all names become available differences between the two areas will remain significant and probably increase in magnitude. Comparisons of lowland forests in Guyana with that of relatively low lateritic ridges also show consistent differences of the country (ter Steege et al. unpublished results), hence we conclude that the lateritic ridges and bauxite caps have a unique, but in importance varying, tree component and as such contribute significantly to the total tree diversity of Suriname (and the Guianas). This ‘unique’ component is held on a very small lnd surface as Brownsberg, together with Nassau Mts and Lely Mts, as part of the bauxite plateaus in north-eastern Suriname and western French Guiana are less then 0.5% of Suriname’s land surface. We have no firm evidence if many endemics are to be found in these areas (such as the ‘endemic’ colour form of Phyllobates trivittatus of page 3). From the checklists of the Nassau Mts, the Brownsberg and from research in similar areas in neighbouring Guyana (ter Steege 1998, ter Steege et al. 2000) there is some evidence that endemism may occur. This report, however, cannot be conclusive on this issue. A comparative study of tree diversity and composition of Nassau Mts, Brownsberg and Lely Mts is recommendable. Such a study, with tree plots on the plateaus, slopes and base of Lely Mts would give more insight in differences in composition within and between the mountain ranges. It would also be favourable if the data of the plots of J.P. Schulz on the Stonbroekoe Mts. (Schulz 1960) could be relocated for analysis. The instalment of Permanent Sample Plots of 1-ha, which greatly increased the number of known tree species in the park may stimulate further work in the plots. When demarcation by Stinasu is more permanent and DBH measurements are fixed on the trees they would constitute the first of such plots in a protected area in Suriname. A research group working on global change research (RAINFOR) has already showed interest in assessing the plots. The interest of a number of research groups (Alterra Netherlands, Wageningen University, TEAM-CI, Natural History Museum of Paris) into establishing a large-scale plot of 25 or 50 ha is also a promising sign of the increasing interest of a research site that combines relatively well preserved rainforest with safety and access. We look forward to a continued collaboration with Stinasu. The staff of Stinasu is building up a significant knowledge base of the area, through meticulous and continuous monitoring of flowering, fruiting, leaf-fall and wild-life. A very impressive draft tree-atlas has been produced. This book gives much information of many important tree species in the area with photos of bark, leaves, flowers and fruits. These local research activities, the increasing international interest in Brownsberg, it’s nearby location, educational and recreational value make it an important asset for Suriname’s Nature Conservation. 21 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Acknowledgments The joint expedition between the National Herbarium of Suriname, Stinasu, World WWFGuianas, Suralco and the National Herbarium of the Netherlands – Utrecht University has been experienced as extremely pleasant. It was a pleasure working in the beautiful forests of Brownberg Nature Park with such a varied team. We sincerely hope that this expedition will lead to more fruitfull co-operation between the parties in the near future. We express our appreciation to WWF-Guianas for the financial and personal support, to Suralco for logistic and financial support and various visits to the field camp. We especially want to thank Michelet Fontaine, Gerold Zondervan of WWF-Giuanas, Bart de Dijn of Stinasu, and Jan Vandenbergh, Moed Tirto, Erwin John of Suralco. We also like to thank Mr. Arioene Vreedzaam, Mr. Satyawan Dharma, Mr Weewee Khan and Ms. Danaë Rozendaal for their great input and support of the fieldwork. We are greatly indebted to Mr. Frits van Troon, who is an excellent treespotter and unique in his kind. Without the knowledge of Frits we could not have done as many plots in this short amount of time. We thank the Stichting het van Eeden Fonds and the Alberta Mennega Stichting for their financial contribution to the trip of Danae Rozendaal. 22 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 References Boggan, J., Funk, V., Kelloff, C., Hoff, M., Cremers, G. and Feuillet, C. (1997). Checklist of the plants of the Guyanas (Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). 2nd edition. Centre for the Study of Biological Diversity, University of Guyana, Georgetown, Guyana. Cowan, R.S. & Lindeman, J.C. (1989) 88. Caesalpiniaceae p.p. In: Görts-van Rijn, A.R.A. Flora of the Guianas - serie A - fascicle 7 – 88. Cremers, G., de Granville, J.-J., Jansen-Jacobs, M.J. & ter Welle, B.J.H. (1996) Inventaire préliminaire de la flore de la concession Trésor (Guyane Française). Internal Report. IRD Cayenne, NHN-Utrecht. Ek, R.C., Bordenave, B.G., Sluiter, R. & van der Knaap, E.C. (2000) The floristic composition and vegetation structure of the Trésor Reserve, French Guiana. Internal report. NHN-Utrecht, MNHN Paris, Dept. Physisal Geography Utrecht, IRD Cayenne. Holowell, T., Berry, P., Funk, V. & Kelloff, C. (2001) Preliminary checklist of the plants of the Guiana Shield. Volume 1: Acanthaceae – Lythraceae. Biological Diversity of the Guianas Program, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington. Jansen-Jacobs, M.J. & ter Steege, H. (2000). Southwest Guyana: a complex mosaic of savannahs and forests Pp. 147-157 in: ter Steege, H. (ed.) Plant diversity in Guyana. With recommendations for a National Protected Area Strategy. Tropenbos Series 18. Tropenbos Foundation, Wageningen. Jansen-Jacobs, M.J., Gröger, A., Raghoenandan, U.P.D., Bánki, O.S., van ‘t Klooster, C.C.I.E. (2002) Botanical exploration in Suriname, Voltzberg – van Stockumberg. Unpublished report. National Herbarium of the Netherlands –Utrecht University, Botanical Garden München-Nymphenburg Germany, National Herbarium of Suriname – Anton de Kom University. Lindeman, J.C. & Mennega A.M.W. (1963) Bomenboek voor Suriname; herkenning van Surinaamse houtsoorten aan hout en vegetatieve kenmerken. Dienst ‘s Lands Bosbeheer Suriname – Paramaribo en Universiteit Utrecht. Maas, P.J.M. (1971). Floristic observations on forest types in western Suriname I and II. Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Academie van Wetenschappen Ser. C 74: 269-302. McCune, B. & Mefford, M. J. (1999). Multivariate Analysis of Ecological Data Version 4.25. MjM Software, Gleneden Beach, Oregon, U.S. McCune, B., Grace, J.B. & Urban, D.L. (2002). Analysis of ecological communities. MjM Software, Gleneden Beach, Oregon, U.S. Milde, R. de & Inglis, C. (1974). Inventory of the Fallawatra, Nassau and Kabalebo areas. FAO, Paramaribo, Suriname. Stevens, P.F. (2003 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/ . Terborgh, J. and Andresen, E. (1998). The composition of Amazonian forests: patterns at local and regional scale. Journal of Tropical Ecology 14: 645-664. ter Steege, H. (ed.) (2000). Plant diversity in Guyana. With recommendations for a National Protected Area Strategy. Tropenbos Series 18. The Tropenbos Foundation, Wageningen, The Netherlands. ter Steege, H. & Persaud, C.A. (1991). The phenology of Guyanese timber species: a compilation of a century of observations. Vegetatio 95: 177-198. ter Steege, H. & Zondervan, G. (2000). A preliminary analysis of large-scale forest inventory data of the Guiana Shield. Pp. 35-54 in: ter Steege, H. (ed.) Plant diversity in Guyana. 23 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 With recommendations for a National Protected Area Strategy. Tropenbos Series 18. Tropenbos Foundation, Wageningen. ter Steege, H., Sabatier, S., Castellanos, H., Andel, T. van, Duivenvoorden, J., Oliveira, A.A. de, Ek, R.C., Lilwah, L., Maas, P.J.M. & Mori, S.A. (2000). An analysis of the floristic composition and diversity of Amazonian forests including those of the Guiana Shield. Journal of Tropical Ecology 16. ter Steege, H., Sabatier, D., Molino, J.F., Bánki, O.S., Prévost, M.F., Pelissier, R. (2003a) Reoprt of the establishment of a permanent one-hectare plot in Réserve Naturelle Volontaire Trésor. Unpublished report. National Herbarium of the Netherlands – Utrecht University and IRD-AMAP Cayenne/Montpellier (France). ter Steege, H., Pitman , N.C.A., Sabatier, S., Castellanos, H., van der Hout, P., Daly, D.C., Silveira, M., Phillips, O., Vasquez, R. van Andel, T., Duivenvoorden, J., de Oliveira, A.A., Ek, R.C., Lilwah, R., Thomas, R.A., van Essen, J., Baider, C., Maas, P.J.M., Mori, S.A., Terborgh J., Nuñez-Vargas, P Mogollón, H. & Morawetz, W. (2003b). A spatial model of tree α-diversity and -density for the Amazon Region. Biodiversity and Conservation in press. van Andel, T. (2001). Floristic composition and diversity of mixed primary and secondary forests in northwest Guyana. Biodiversity and Conservation 10: 1645-1682 2001 van Roosmalen, M.G.M. (1985). Fruits of the Guianan Flora. Institute of Systematic Botany Utrecht University and Silvicultural Departement of Wageningen Agricultural University. Drukkerij Veenman B.V., Wageningen, The Netherlands. 483 pp. van ‘t Klooster, C.I.E.A., Lindeman, J.C. & Jansen-Jacobs, M.J. (2003). Index of vernacular plant names of Suriname. BLUMEA, Journal of Plant Taxonomy and Plant Geography – Supplement 15 – National Herbarium of the Netherlands. 322 pp. van Troon, F. (1984). Sibibusi te Brownsberg op 4 september 1984. Typoscript 5pp. Bijlage: Door een sibibusi omgevallen bomen in het natuurpark Brownsberg opgenomen door Frits van Troon, 8 pp. Intern rapport Dienst ‘s Landsbosbeheer (bewerkt door M.C.M. Werkhoven). In: van Troon (1984 – 1987) Verzamelde veldwerkrapporten van de hand van Frits van Troon. Aan het hoofd van de Afdeling Natuurbeheer van de Dienst ‘s Landsbosbeheer. Periode 9 juni 1984 – 7 mei 1987 24 Appendix 1. List of tree species and individuals found in eight plots in the Brownsberg Nature Park. Species are ordered in decreasinf total abundance on the plots. As the plants had not arrived while preparing this report, names are subject to change. Total number of individuals and species, and Fisher’s α for each plot are given at the bottom of the table. Name oemabarklak-bergi manbarklak-gele-bast-hoogland berghevea wallaba gronfolo-bergi boegroemaka boskoffie pakiratiki-langbladig kototiki jan-krappa oemabarklak-dwerg pintolokus-zwarte ingipipa sali-rode ijzerhart-gewone baboen-hoogland waratapa-kleinbladig prasara-oedoe-kleinbladig tafrabon-hoogland jarijari-unonopsis koemboe konikoni-oedoe-hoogland goebaja pisi-kaneel switibonki-granboesi bosgujave-gewone mangandoe-bergi bosgujave-grootbladig tingimonisali genus Lecythis Eschweilera Micrandra Eperua Qualea Astrocaryum cf. Coussarea Tapura Mabea Toulicia Corythophora Talisia Couratari Tetragastris Bocoa Virola Crudia Neea Cordia Unonopsis Oenocarpus Gustavia Jacaranda Aniba Inga Eugenia Swartzia Myrtaceae Tetragastris species idatimon pedicellata brownsbergensis falcata rosea sciophilum paniculata guianensis piriri / speciosa pulvinata labriculata sp.1_BB stellata panamensis prouacensis michelii glaberrima ovalifolia sagotii glaucopetala bacaba hexapetala copaia megaphylla rubiginosa sp.1_BB sp.2_BB sp.4_BB panamensis BB1 19 11 40 BB2 16 21 43 26 43 BB3 38 31 65 27 16 38 1 7 18 18 11 24 BB4 58 32 7 24 BB5 50 22 2 48 BB6 12 62 BB7 1 5 11 5 76 1 35 28 4 2 4 2 7 7 3 1 3 4 2 2 3 15 1 6 6 8 4 7 22 25 8 5 7 2 1 10 6 11 6 5 6 1 17 6 4 13 11 3 27 5 7 1 23 12 1 5 8 7 4 9 14 3 2 5 12 6 5 1 2 5 58 9 3 8 7 8 8 16 3 8 9 4 4 2 2 1 BB8 72 24 10 16 7 21 39 1 1 4 8 5 10 2 6 7 3 3 7 4 6 4 3 15 5 28 13 5 3 3 2 71 10 21 7 16 7 3 22 3 8 5 2 5 1 3 4 4 9 7 9 2 28 11 10 3 31 22 Total 266 208 150 117 114 110 90 82 75 74 73 64 62 58 55 52 52 50 50 46 46 45 43 39 38 37 37 35 34 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP batbat-kleinbladig pisi-zwarte-kleinbladig bruinhart okro-oedoe-kleinbladig pintoboletri prokoni-rode basralokus manletter tingimoni-harde-bast djindja-oedoe manbarklak-bergi taja-oedoe-geelbloem switibonki-witte-bast krapa-witte pisi-zwarte-langbladig boskoffie-langbladig broedoe-oedoe oli-oedoe marmadosoe-gladbladig asisi-oedoe-hoogbos inga-capitata rafoenjannjan-grootbladig bosmangro-kleinbladig djakidja cassipourea foengoe-witte-drypetes granboesipapaja-drie-vinger kaiman-oedoe-kleinbladig kwepi-harde-bast pedrekoepisi-witte pisi-witte riemhout-zwart-kleinbladig tingimoni-rode-bast-grootbladig anaura-hoogland boskatoen-gewone boszuurzak-kleinbladig-gele-bast Ambelania Ocotea Vouacapoua Sterculia Chrysophyllum Inga Dicorynia Maquira Protium Buchenavia Eschweilera Paypayrola Inga Carapa Rhodostemonodaphne Rubiaceae Iryanthera Trymatococcus Amaioua Siparuna Inga Sloanea Tovomita Sclerolobium Cassipourea Drypetes Pourouma Ryania Couepia Xylopia Ocotea Pouteria Protium Couepia Eriotheca Anaxagorea DRAFT MAY 2004 acida glomerata americana villifera argenteum alba guianensis guianensis sp.1_BB tetraphylla pedicellata guianensis capitata procera kunthiana sp.1_BB sagotiana oligandrus corymbosa decipiens capitata grandiflora secunda melinonii guianensis variabilis guianensis sp._BB cognata nitida petalanthera cuspidata sp.6_BB guianensis globosa acuminata / dolichocarpa 26 33 2 13 5 4 3 4 5 3 4 8 4 2 4 1 1 1 16 3 4 7 8 13 2 2 8 4 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 3 2 7 18 1 3 6 1 5 1 1 11 2 17 1 1 2 1 2 9 1 1 4 8 2 1 4 2 3 2 1 6 4 3 11 2 1 6 7 5 5 4 1 3 4 5 1 24 2 2 8 2 4 1 15 3 5 14 5 1 1 3 4 7 9 6 5 1 4 3 7 12 2 5 6 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 5 2 2 4 5 1 1 7 5 1 3 11 16 1 5 7 11 8 6 7 4 10 3 2 5 5 2 2 3 1 3 3 4 2 1 6 4 1 2 1 6 6 6 3 8 4 3 11 11 2 2 3 15 9 1 1 7 5 6 1 1 1 1 3 2 2 5 1 3 5 2 2 5 5 2 1 2 2 33 33 32 31 31 31 30 29 29 28 28 28 27 26 25 24 24 24 23 22 22 22 21 21 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 18 18 18 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP jamboka-zwarte pakoeli-hoogland bebe-bergi gawetri-hoogbos riemhout-wit switibonki-kapoeweri fokofoko-oedoe-kleinbladig jamboka-rode pikapika makagrin okro-oedoe-grootbladig boegoeboegoe-zwarte peritiki sotometieoedoe tete-oedoe alata-oedoe boletri-djoe boskatoen-kleinbladig kromantikopi-kleinbladig kwari-wana tete-oedoe-gele-bast tingimoni-ajawa bosgujave bosgujave-grijze-bast prasara-oedoe-grootbladig sopo-oedoe-kleinbladig switibonki-rode-bast taja-oedoe-grootbladig boletri gronfolo-hoogland jarijari-gele-bast oema-oedoe pangapanga panta-hoogland pikinmisieki rafoenjanjan-middenbladig Pouteria Rheedia Swartzia Cupania Micropholis Inga Apeiba Pouteria Oxandra Tabebuia Sterculia Swartzia Heisteria Maytenus Lecythis Minquartia Pouteria Bombacopsis Aspidosperma Vochysia Lecythis Trattinnickia Myrtaceae Calycolpus Neea Abarema Inga Paypayrola Manilkara Ruizterania Duguetia Casearia Palicourea Conceveiba Pseudopiptadenia Sloanea DRAFT MAY 2004 melanopoda benthamiana benthamiana scrobiculata guyanensis thibaudiana glabra guianensis asbeckii capitata pruriens remiger densifrons pruinosa chartacea guianensis speciosa nervosa vargassii tomentosa poiteaui burserifolia sp.1_BB revolutus floribunda jupunba pezizifera sp._BB bidentata albiflora surinamensis javitensis guianensis guianensis suaveolens rufa 4 4 3 3 3 8 12 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 8 2 2 5 8 2 1 2 6 1 4 5 4 1 6 6 3 7 1 1 7 3 1 2 1 2 2 1 3 1 4 5 1 12 3 1 3 4 4 8 9 1 2 6 2 1 1 1 7 2 4 4 27 2 1 1 2 2 6 3 5 1 7 1 1 4 1 3 1 3 1 3 4 3 3 5 1 1 6 4 2 1 3 3 3 1 1 1 3 1 2 3 2 1 3 2 3 1 2 3 1 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 4 3 1 4 2 5 3 2 3 9 3 4 1 7 3 5 1 5 1 2 1 5 5 2 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 4 3 3 2 1 2 18 18 17 17 17 17 16 16 16 15 15 14 14 14 14 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP rollinia thyrsodium tingimoni-rode-bast weti-oedoe kaiman-oedoe-kapoeweri kankan-oedoe kimboto-hoogland kopi kwatapatoe pari-oedoe-witte pisi-zwarte-grootbladig riemhout-zwart-langbladig sekrepatoekers-gewone bosamandel boszuurzak-langbladig laksiri-hoogland maripa spikri-oedoe tingimoni-hoogbos foengoe-zwarte-gewone Rollinia Thyrsodium Protium Tapirira Banara Apeiba Pradosia Goupia Lecythis Aspidosperma Rhodostemonodaphne Pouteria Eugenia Terminalia Fusaea Caraipa Attalea Mouriri Protium Licania gomhout groenhart katoen-oedoe kwaskwasi-oedoe mabwa pintolokus-witte redi-oedoe-met-stipule sinja-oedoe soemaroeba tingimoni-harde-bast-grootbladig baboen-laagland bosappel bosgujave-bergsavanne pedrekoepisi-rode pina-palm Sapium Tabebuia Lueheopsis Ampelocera Himatanthus Martiodendron Quiina Chimarrhis Simarouba Protium Virola Sarcaulus Myrtaceae Xylopia Euterpe DRAFT MAY 2004 elliptica guianense polybotryum guianensis guianensis petoumo ptychandra glabra zabucajo marcgravianum praeclara brachyandra patrisii amazonia longifolia densifolia maripa sp._BB sp.4_BB densiflora/micrantha/ octandra glandulosum serratifolia rosea edentula articulatus parviflorum obovata turbinata amara sp.2_BB surinamensis brasiliensis sp.2_BB amazonica oleracea 28 10 1 2 1 2 1 1 6 1 3 6 1 4 1 1 4 1 3 1 1 4 1 4 1 3 5 7 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 2 1 1 6 4 1 1 5 2 2 2 2 1 3 2 1 1 3 8 2 1 1 4 2 1 1 2 2 3 2 2 4 3 1 1 3 1 3 1 6 2 2 4 2 2 9 1 3 5 2 1 1 5 1 1 3 1 3 1 3 2 4 3 2 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 3 2 4 3 1 4 1 3 1 4 4 1 1 1 3 1 1 2 5 7 3 1 1 1 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP purperhart-alastan amandramispel bergboskoffie bosgujave-kleinbladig bostamarin-gevlamde bostamarin-kleinbladig doifisiri-witte-bast hevea kaiman-oedoe-witte-bast kimboto-bergi kwepi-rode-kleinbladig manletter-kleinbladig manpikapika manrozenhout nekoe-oedoe-langbladig rafoenjannjan-amandra-oedoe rafoenjannjan-kleinbladig slangenhout-hoogland tingimoni-rode-bast-kleinbladig agrobigi-kleinbloem alanja-oedoe bofro-oedoe bosgujave-rode-bast boskasjoe capparis foengoe-witte granboesipapaja-vijf-vinger ingipipa-kleinbladig kabbes-gele koenatepi kraspisi manaritiki mangandoe melisali mispel-eetbare Peltogyne Melastomataceae Coussarea Myrtaceae Zygia Enterolobium Guarea Hevea Unknown Pouteria Exellodendron/Hirtella Pseudolmedia Ephedranthus Aniba Lonchocarpus Sloanea Sloanea Loxopterygium Protium Parkia Swartzia Sacoglottis Myrcia Anacardium Capparis Licania Pourouma Couratari Vatairea Platymiscium Ocotea Rinorea Swartzia Trichilia Bellucia DRAFT MAY 2004 paniculata sp.1_BB racemosa sp.5_BB racemosa schomburgkii pubescens guianensis sp.2_BB glomerata barbatum/racemosa laevis guianensis panurensis heptaphyllus sp.1_BB garckeana sagotii sp.4_BB ulei arborescens cydonioides amazonica giganteum sp._BB sp._BB tomentosa multiflora guianensis ulei puberula sp._BB sp.1_BB surinamensis grossularioides 29 1 4 3 1 2 3 1 4 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 3 1 5 1 1 3 6 5 1 1 2 1 4 4 1 4 1 1 2 1 1 3 1 2 1 3 1 4 2 3 2 3 1 1 3 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 4 1 1 1 4 4 1 3 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 3 1 1 2 2 2 5 1 3 1 1 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP oemabospapaja pari-oedoe-zwarte tingimoni-sali tonka bebe-hoogland bostamarin-gewone-dm boszuurzak-kleinbladig djedoe-witte doifisiri-zwarte-bast foengoe-zwarte Cecropia Aspidosperma Tetragastris Dipteryx Pterocarpus Dimorphandra Rollinia Sclerolobium Trichilia Licania gawetri-cupania granboesipapaja-kleinbladig jakanta-gele-bast jarijari-langbladig krapa-rode kromantikopi-gewone kwatakama lisianera manbospapaja manletter-grootbladig mapa-kleinbladig oemabarklak pedrekoepisi-zwarte pritijari-zwarte prokoni-tamarin rafoenjannjan-gewone rafoenjannjan-verz redi-oedoe-kleinbladig riemhout-zwart-grootbladig satijnhout takina tete-oedoe-witte-bast amaioua aroemata-oedoe baboen-pintri Cupania Pourouma Hebepetalum cf. Xylopia Carapa Aspidosperma Parkia Pouteria Cecropia Helicostylis / Perebea Parahancornia Lecythis Guatteria Lacmellea Balizia Sloanea Sloanea Lacunaria Pouteria Brosimum Brosimum Eschweilera Amaioua Clathrotropis Virola DRAFT MAY 2004 obtusa oblongum panamensis odorata / punctata rohrii multiflora elliptica guianense schomburgkii densiflora/micrantha/ octandra sp._BB minor humiriifolium cayennensis guianensis cruentum pendula guianensis sciadophylla tomentosa / guianensis fasciculata corrugata sp.1_BB aculeata pedicellaris guianensis sp.3_BB crenata engleri rubescens acutifolium congestiflora / simiorum guianensis brachypetala sebifera 30 1 1 1 1 5 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 1 2 2 1 2 4 1 1 2 1 1 3 2 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 1 2 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 4 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP batbat blaka-oema-grootbladig blaka-oema-kleinbladig bosmangro-grootbladig doifisiri-grootbladig doifisiri-witte gandoe he-oedoe hoepelhout-kleinbladig ingiprasara jakanta-rode-bast kabbes-zwarte kaneelhart kankan-oedoe-kleinbladig kromantikopi-agondra letterhout-echt liaan-sotometi-oedoe manjarakopi mansali marmadosoe-grootbladig mataki mispel-bruinbladig mispel-kanker patakuwana pisi-zwarte prokoni-witte santi-oedoe sekrepatoekers-bergsavannebos sotokoepepe tjintjin-oedoe agrobigi amandra-oedoe anaura-swamp batambali bergibita bofro-oedoe-zwarte-bast Ambelania Diospyros Diospyros Tovomita Guarea Guarea Swartzia Ouratea Copaifera Socratea Dendrobangia Diplotropis Licaria Apeiba Agonandra Brosimum Cheiloclinium Siparuna Conceveiba Duroia Symphonia Miconia Henriettea Gordonia Nectandra Inga Licania Eugenia Duguetia Chimarrhis Parkia Prunus Licania Ecclinusa Geissospermum Sacoglottis DRAFT MAY 2004 acida lissocarpoides guianensis choisyana grandifolia pubescens panacoco sp.1_BB epunctata exorrhiza boliviana purpurea cannella glabra silvatica guianense cognatum cuspidata guianensis aquatica globulifera francavillana multiflora fruticosa globosa leiocalycina ovalifolia sp.2_BB sp._BB microcarpa nitida myrtifolia heteromorpha guianensis sericeum guianensis 3 3 1 2 1 1 1 3 3 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 3 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 3 2 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 2 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 31 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP bosknepa-eetbare boszuurzak-gele-bast boszuurzak-kapoeweri bradilifi-gewone ceder djeri-oedoe foengoe-zwarte-kleinbladige foman gandoe-kakabroekoe gawetri-gewone gomhout-langbladig kabbes-djongo kabbes-maka kabbes-rode kaiman-oedoe-gewone kow-oedoe kwari-singri-maw kwari-wiswis kwatabobi lika-oedoe lontoekasi manletter-giftig marmadosoe-kleinbladig mispel-grootbladig pera pisi-waikara pisi-wana rafoenjannjan-dikke-bast-amandraoedoe redi-oedoe-zonder-stipule riemhout-zwart sekrepatoekers-kleinbladig sergeants-kloot tabakabron tingimoni-grootbladig tingimonisali-harde-bast DRAFT MAY 2004 Talisia Annonaceae Annona Coccoloba Cedrela Pogonophora Licania Chaetocarpus Swartzia Cupania Sapium Vataireopsis Hymenolobium Andira Laetia Bagassa Erisma Vochysia Chrysophyllum Antonia Byrsonima Moracea Amaioua Melastomataceae Couma Aniba Ocotea Sloanea megaphylla sp.2_BB sericea marginata odorata schomburgkiana discolor/leptostachya schomburgkianus benthamiana scrobiculata ciliatum speciosa flavum surinamensis procera guianensis uncinatum guianensis cuneifolium ovata sp._BB sp._BB guianensis sp.2_BB guianensis sp._BB splendens sp.2_BB Calyptranthes Micropholis Eugenia Licania Croton Protium Tetragastris speciosa guyanensis sp.3_BB macrophylla matourensis tenuifolium sp._BB 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 32 1 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP wana waratapa waratapa-langbladig amaioua-kleinbladig anaura-savannebos basraboletri boegoeboegoe-witte bofro-oedoe boletri-djoe-grootbladig bosgujave-grijsbladig bosgujave-langbladig bosgujave-nieuw bosgujave-ruwe-bast boskasjoe-langbladig bosknepa-kleinbladig bosmowmow bostamarin-kleinbladig-gevlamde boszuurzak boszuurzak-nieuw dede-oedoe djedoe-miere djedoe-rode-grootbladig djeri-oedoe-kleinbladig djoridjori doekali doekali-gewone doifisiri-kleinbladig doifisiri-rode-bast doncedre Ferdinandusa ficus foengoe-bongro foengoe-grote-vruchten foengoe-hoogbos-savanne foengoe-rode foengoe-witte-drypetes-grootbladig Sextonia Macrolobium Crudia Amaioua Licania Pouteria Swartzia Sacoglottis Pouteria Myrtaceae Myrtaceae Myrtaceae Myrtaceae Anacardium Talisia Pachira Zygia Annonaceae Annonaceae Capirona Tachigali Tachigali Roupala Vataireopsis Brosimum Brosimum Guarea Guarea Cedrelinga Ferdinandusa Ficus Licania Chrysobalanaceae Licania Parinari Drypetes DRAFT MAY 2004 rubra angustifolium aromatica guianensis divaricata cuspidata schomburgkii cydonioides speciosa sp.3_BB sp.6_BB sp.7_BB sp.8_BB spruceanum sp.2_BB insignis racemosa sp.1_BB sp.3_BB decorticans paniculata albiflora montana sp._BB parinarioides parinarioides sp.3_BB guidonia cateniformis rudgeoides sp._BB robusta sp._BB hypoleuca campestris variabilis 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 33 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP fokofoko-oedoe gawetri-behaarde granboesipapaja granboesipapaja-grootbladig granboesipapaja-vier-vinger granboesipapaja-zes-vinger granboesipapaja-zeven-vinger gronfolo-laagland he-oedoe-grootbladig ijzerhart-paars inga-moeserki inga-stipulae inga-stipulae ingipipa-grootbladig jarijari-gele-bast-kleinbladig kaiman-oedoe-onbekend kokriki-hoogbos kokriki-hoogland kokriki-savanne konkoni-oedoe-laagland krabbas-oedoe kromantikopi-agondra kromantikopi-grootbladig kromantikopi-langbladig kwari-goebaja kwari-wana-gele-bloemen kwepi-behaarde kwepi-kleinbladig lokus-rode lontoekasi-paarsbloemige masala-oedoe mataki-hoogland melisali-witte-bast mispel-nieuw-1 mispel-nieuw-2 mispel-witbladig-onderkant Apeiba Cupania Pourouma Pourouma Pourouma Pourouma Pourouma Qualea Ouratea Bocoa Inga Inga Inga Couratari Duguetia Unknown Ormosia Ormosia Ormosia Gustavia Vitex Agonandra Aspidosperma Aspidosperma Qualea Vochysia Hirtella Hirtella Hymenaea Byrsonima Pogonophora Symphonia Trichilia Melastomataceae Melastomataceae Melastomataceae DRAFT MAY 2004 albiflora hirsuta sp.4_BB mollis sp.1_BB sp.2_BB sp.3_BB coerulea sp.3_BB viridiflora bourgonii stipularis stipularis gloriosa calycina sp.1_BB coccinea coccinea costulata augusta compressa / stahelii silvatica sandwithianum sandwithianum dinizii tomentosa paniculata / racemosa sp._BB courbaril laevigata schomburgkiana globulifera micrantha sp.3_BB sp.4_BB sp.5_BB 34 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP moraceae-grbl morototo Myrtaceae-unknown oema-oedoe-soort okro-oedoe-grootbladig-drie-vinger onbekende-1 onbekende-2 pakiratiki pakiratiki-bergi pari-oedoe-mispel pedrekoepisi-zwarte-kleinbladig pisi-grootbladig pisi-papaja pisi-zilver pisi-zwarte-bruinbladige prasara-oedoe-touroubea rafoenjannjan-kleinbladig redi-oedoe redi-oedoe-grootbladig riemhout-langbladig riemhout-wit-langbladig riemhout-zwart-langbladig sopo-oedoe-gladde-bast sorosali cf. Perebea Schefflera Moracea Casearia Sterculia cf. Abarema Unidentified Tapura Tapura Henriettea Guatteria Lauraceae Ocotea Ocotea Lauraceae Guapira Sloanea Calyptranthes cf. Lacunaria Pouteria Sapotaceae Pouteria Abarema Trichilia switibonki-stipulae tabakabron-hoogbos tafrabon-verz tete-oedoe-klbl tingimoni-getand-blad tingimoni-harde-bast-kleinbladig tingimoni-hoogland unknown watrakakaw apra-oedoe bebe-bergi-tomentosa Inga Croton Cordia Lecythis Crepidospermum Protium Protium unknown Pachira Chrysophyllum Swartzia DRAFT MAY 2004 sp._BB morototoni sp.10_BB sp. pruriens sp._BB sp._BB guianensis guianensis sp._BB sp.2_BB sp.1_BB floribunda / oblonga guianensis sp.2_BB sp.3_BB cf.garckeana speciosa jenmanii sp. sp._BB brachyandra jupunba micrantha / quadrijuga / surinamensis stipularis hostmannii sp._BB chartacea rhoifolium sp.3_BB sp.5_BB sp.3_BB aquatica argenteum panacoco 35 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP he-oedoe-kleinbladig jan-krappa-simaba-cedron Ouratea Simaba DRAFT MAY 2004 sp.2_BB cedron Total number of individuals Total number of Species Fisher’s α 639 167 73.53 36 571 144 61.96 635 141 56.17 466 128 58.25 540 126 51.68 548 137 58.63 526 124 51.18 562 117 44.94 4487 383 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Appendix 2. Botanical collections made during the Brownsberg Expedition 2003. All numbers were collected in the collection series of Tinde van Andel (TVA). number TVA Family 4470 Genus species author1 vernacular language Uittien Taja oedoe Sranang Srangang Acanthaceae TVA 4361 Acanthaceae Justicia TVA 4528 Acanthaceae Rhacodiscus TVA 4477 Acanthaceae Ruellia TVA 4583 Acathaceae TVA 4407 Achariaceae Carpotroche TVA 4442 Adianthaceae Adianthum mollis surinamensis TVA 4582 Anacardiaceae TVA 4495 Anacardiaceae Tapirira TVA 4556 Anacardiaceae Tapirira Weti oedoe TVA 4674 Anacardiaceae Tapirira Weti oedoe Sranang TVA 4695 Anacardiaceae Tapirira Witi oedoe Sranang TVA 4606 Anacardiaceae Thyrsodium TVA 4559 Annonaceae Kalosjiwa Trio TVA 4575 Annonaceae Kleinblad gele bast boszuurzak (Sranang) TVA 4615 Annonaceae TVA 4639 Annonaceae Pikapika Sranang TVA 4521 Annonaceae Anaxagorea TVA 4351 Annonaceae Cymbopetalum TVA 4624 Annonaceae Cymbopetalum TVA 4413 TVA Sout nanga pepe, Satu ku pepe Sranang, Saramaccan B Annonaceae Cymbopetalum 4420 Annonaceae Duguetia TVA 4523 Annonaceae Duguetia TVA 4568 Annonaceae Duguetia dolichocarpa Sprague & Sandwith brasiliense (Vell.) Benth. TVA 4409 Annonaceae Duguetia calycina Benoist TVA 4324 Annonaceae Duguetia surinamensis R.E.Fr. TVA 4719 Annonaceae Duguetia surinamensis R.E.Fr. Gele bast jarijari, Kapajami Sranang, Trio TVA 4386 Annonaceae Fusaea longifolia (Aubl.) Saff. Langbladige boszuurzak Dutch TVA 4580 Annonaceae Guatteria TVA 4657 Annonaceae Guatteria TVA 4456 Annonaceae Guatteria punctata (Aubl.) R.A.Howard 37 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP TVA 4569 Annonaceae Guatteria TVA 4571 Annonaceae Unonopsis Unonopsis DRAFT MAY 2004 punctata TVA 4714 Annonaceae TVA 4625 Apocynaceae TVA 4658 Apocynaceae Ambelania acida TVA 4447 Apocynaceae Bonafousia albiflora TVA 4532 Apocynaceae Geissospermum laeve TVA 4400 Apocynaceae Tabernaemontana TVA 4475 Apocynaceae Tabernaemontana TVA 4508 Apocynaceae Tabernaemontana TVA 4445 Araceae (Aubl.) R.A.Howard Aubl. TVA 4486 Araceae TVA 4459 Araceae Anthurium gracile TVA 4291 Araceae Anthurium gracile / trinerve TVA 4293 Araceae Heteropsis flexuosa TVA 4353 Araceae Heteropsis flexuosa (Kunth) G.S.Bunting TVA 4587 Araceae Heteropsis spruceana Schott TVA 4514 Araceae Monstera TVA 4648 Araceae Philodendron TVA 4549 Araceae Syngonium Jarijari Unonopsis Sranang Gewone batbat Sranang Bergibita Sranang Kapuwatiki Saramaccan Kouroe ati Sranang Morocobita Sranang (Rudge) Schott (Kunth) G.S.Bunting TVA 4513 Araceae Syngonium podophyllum Schott TVA 4544 Arecaceae Geonoma stricta (Poit.) Kunth TVA 4307 Asclepidaceae TVA 4375 Asclepidaceae TVA 4529 Asclepidaceae TVA 4595 Asclepidaceae TVA 4491 Asclepidaceae Matelea TVA 4594 Asclepidaceae Matelea TVA 4501 Begoniaceae Begonia glabra Aubl. TVA 4479 Bignoniaceae TVA 4685 TVA 4413 Bignoniaceae Jacaranda copaia (Aubl.) D.Don TVA 4564 Bignoniaceae Jacaranda rhoifolia? TVA 4405 Bignoniaceae Martinella obovata TVA 4383 Boraginaceae Cordia Hoogland tafraboom Sranang TVA 4643 Boraginaceae Cordia Tafraboom Sranang Bignoniaceae A (Kunth) Bureau & K.Schum. 38 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 TVA 4433 Boraginaceae Cordia nodosa Lam. TVA 4656 Boraginaceae Cordia tetrandra Aubl. TVA 4585 Boraginaceae Tournefortia TVA 4713 Boraginaceae Tournefortia TVA 4348 Boraginaceae Tournefortia ulei Vaupel TVA 4577 Bromeliaceae TVA 4284 Bromeliaceae Aechmea TVA 4515 Bromeliaceae Aechmea TVA 4285 Bromeliaceae Guzmania lingulata (L.) Mez TVA 4292 Bromeliaceae Tillandsia anceps Lodd. TVA 4417 Burseraceae Protium Hoogbos tingiemonie Sranang TVA 4644 Burseraceae Tetragastris panamensis (Engl.) Kuntze Rode salie Sranang TVA 4435 Campanulaceae Centropogon TVA 4526 Cecropiaceae Pourouma mollis Trécul Gran busipapaya Sranang TVA 4662 Celastraceae Tafraboom Sranang TVA 4507 Celastraceae Maytenus Klein blad soutoe metie oedoe TVA 4576 Celastraceae Maytenus Liaan soutoe meti oedoe (Sranang) TVA 4499 Celastraceae Maytenus pruinosa Reissek Soutoe meti oedoe Sranang TVA 4683 Celastraceae Prionostemma aspera (Lam.) Miers Kappi Trio TVA 4680 Chrysobalanaceae Hirtella Behaarde kwepi Sranang TVA 4593 Chrysobalanaceae Hirtella TVA 4672 Chrysobalanaceae Licania racemosa Lam. TVA 4687 Chrysobalanaceae Parinari campestris Aubl. TVA 4362 TVA 4509 Clusiaceae Clusia panapanari (Aubl.) Choisy Clusiaceae Rheedia TVA Hoogland pakoeli sranang 4390 Clusiaceae Tovomita Bosmangro Sranang TVA 4690 Clusiaceae Tovomita Kleinblad busimangro Sranang TVA 4718 Clusiaceae Tovomita Busi mangro middelste blad TVA 4358 Clusiaceae Vismia cayennensis (Jacq.) Pers. Swamp pinja Sranang TVA 4418 Clusiaceae Vismia guianensis (Aubl.) Choisy Pinja Sranang TVA 4567 Combretaceae TVA 4488 Compositae TVA 4553 Compositae TVA 4693 Connaraceae TVA 4666 Convolvulaceae Ipomoea TVA 4566 Convolvulaceae Maripa 39 Foengoe Sranang Rode foengoe Sranang PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 TVA 4357 Convolvulaceae Maripa scandens Aubl. TVA 4467 Convolvulaceae Maripa scandens Aubl. TVA 4598 Convolvulaceae Merremia glabra TVA 4551 Cucurbitaceae TVA 4394 Cucurbitaceae Cayaponia TVA 4392 Cucurbitaceae Gurania lobata TVA 4527 Cucurbitaceae Melothria fluminensis TVA 4468 Cyatheaceae Cyathea TVA 4438 Cyclanthaceae Dicranopygium TVA 4539 Cyclanthaceae Dicranopygium TVA 4287 Cyclanthaceae Ludovia TVA 4343 Cyperaceae TVA 4444 Cyperaceae TVA 4469 Cyperaceae TVA 4474 Cyperaceae TVA 4608 Cyperaceae TVA 4633 Cyperaceae TVA 4628 Cyperaceae Mapania TVA 4473 Cyperaceae Scleria Busikomkomro Sranang Kleinbladige pakira tiki Sranang Watra tété Sranang pycnocephala TVA 4659 Dichapetalaceae Linaceae? TVA 4518 Dichapetalaceae Tapura guianensis TVA 4609 Dichapetalaceae Tapura guianensis Aubl. TVA 4692 Dichapetalaceae Tapura guianensis Aubl. TVA 4682 Dilleniaceae Tetracera TVA 4408 Dioscoreaceae Dioscorea TVA 4489 Dioscoreaceae Dioscorea TVA 4555 Dioscoreaceae Dioscorea TVA 4653 Dioscoreaceae Dioscorea TVA 4314 Elaeocarpaceae Sloanea TVA 4638 Elaeocarpaceae Sloanea TVA 4589 Elaeocarpaceae Sloanea garckeana K.Schum. Busi kusuwé Sranang TVA 4538 Elaeocarpaceae Sloanea rufa Planch. ex Benth. Middelblad rafru njanjan Sranang TVA 4552 Erythroxylaceae Erythroxylum macrophyllum Cav. TVA 4665 Euphorbiacae Trichonia TVA 4290 Euphorbiaceae TVA 4372 Euphorbiaceae Aubl. 40 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 TVA 4397 Euphorbiaceae Berghevea (familie van) Sranang TVA 4471 Euphorbiaceae Grootblad taja oedoe Sranang TVA 4478 Euphorbiaceae TVA 4562 Euphorbiaceae Geri oedoe Sranang TVA 4622 Euphorbiaceae Witte foengoe Sranang Hoogland panta Sranang TVA 4623 Euphorbiaceae TVA 4661 Euphorbiaceae TVA 4296 Euphorbiaceae Acalypha diversifolia Jacq. TVA 4700 Euphorbiaceae Conceveiba hostmannii Benth. TVA 4584 Euphorbiaceae Croton TVA 4368 Euphorbiaceae Dalechampia stipulacea Müll.Arg. TVA 4557 Euphorbiaceae Mabea TVA 4410 Euphorbiaceae Mabea piriri Aubl. TVA 4578 Euphorbiaceae Mabea piriri Aubl. TVA 4337 Euphorbiaceae Mabea speciosa Müll.Arg. Kototiki Saramaccan TVA 4670 Euphorbiaceae Maprounea Pikien tiki Sranang TVA 4561 Euphorbiaceae Micrandra Bergi hevea Sranang TVA 4610 Euphorbiaceae Trichonia TVA 4536 Euphorbiaceae Urticaceae? TVA 4590 Fabaceae TVA 4668 Fabaceae Man nekoe Sranang TVA 4671 Fabaceae Brudu tété Sranang TVA 4697 Fabaceae Kleinblad sopo oedoe Sranang Sekrepatoe trapoe Sranang Vlinderbladboom Dutch Wallaba Sranang A TVA 4502 Fabaceae Abarema jupunba TVA 4550 Fabaceae Anthurium rubrinervum TVA 4586 Fabaceae Bauhinia TVA 4689 Fabaceae Bauhinia (Willd.) Britton & Killip TVA 4691 Fabaceae Bauhinia TVA 4600 Fabaceae Bauhinia eilertsi Pulle TVA 4645 Fabaceae Bauhinia guianensis Aubl. TVA 4403 Fabaceae Cassia chrysophylla TVA 4698 Fabaceae Dalbergia monetaria L.f. TVA 4440 Fabaceae Desmodium TVA 4305 Fabaceae Dioclea TVA 4280 Fabaceae Encyclia calamara Steenis TVA 4449 Fabaceae Eperua falcata Aubl. 41 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 TVA 4642 Fabaceae Eperua falcata Aubl. TVA 4724 Fabaceae Eperua falcata Aubl. Wallaba Sranang TVA 4725 Fabaceae Hymenaea courbaril TVA 4716 Fabaceae Inga bourgonii L. Rode lokus Sranang (Aubl.) DC. Inga moeserki TVA 4664 Fabaceae Machaerium Sranang TVA 4686 Fabaceae Peltogyne Alastan purpleheart Sranang TVA 4679 Fabaceae Senna Krerekrere Sranang Swartzia TVA 4604 Fabaceae TVA 4696 Fabaceae Swartzia Kakabroekoe, Gewone gandu Sranang TVA 4706 Fabaceae Swartzia Bergi man gandu Sranang TVA 4331 Flacourtiaceae TVA 4708 Flacourtiaceae Kapuweri kaaiman oedoe Sranang TVA 4517 Flacourtiaceae Carpotroche surinamensis Uittien TVA 4601 Flacourtiaceae Carpotroche surinamensis Uittien TVA 4379 Flacourtiaceae Casearia TVA 4565 Flacourtiaceae Casearia TVA 4572 Flacourtiaceae Casearia Kapuweri kaaiman oedoe Sranang TVA 4573 Flacourtiaceae Casearia TVA 4627 Flacourtiaceae Casearia Oeman oedoe Sranang TVA 4522 Gentianaceae Voyria TVA 4646 Gentianaceae Voyria TVA 4726 Gentianaceae Voyria TVA 4299 Gentianaceae Voyria spruceana Benth. TVA 4371 Gesneriaceae crassifolia (Focke) Morton Bamboe Dutch Kleine pin pin Sranang TVA 4415 Gesneriaceae Codonanthe TVA 4431 Gesneriaceae Drymonia TVA 4463 Gesneriaceae Drymonia coccinea (Aubl.) Wiehler TVA 4597 Gnetaceae Gnetum urens (Aubl.) Blume TVA 4395 Graminae TVA 4547 Graminae TVA 4629 Graminae TVA 4634 Graminae TVA 4487 Graminae Guadua? TVA 4282 Graminae Olyra TVA 4341 Graminae Olyra TVA 4344 Graminae Olyra 42 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 TVA 4451 Graminae TVA 4545 Graminae Olyra Olyra TVA 4453 Heliconiaceae Heliconia psittacorum L.f. Popokai tongo Sranang TVA 4494 Heliconiaceae Heliconia spathocircinata Aristeg. Kleine popokaitongo Sranang TVA 4321 Lacistemataceae Lacistema aggregatum (Bergius) Rusby Kaneripisie Sranang Man rozenhout Sranang TVA 4496 Lauraceae TVA 4626 Lauraceae TVA 4617 Lauraceae Aniba TVA 4336 Lauraceae Endlichera? Licaria TVA 4401 Lauraceae TVA 4707 Lecythidaceae TVA 4391 Lecythidaceae TVA 4525 Lecythidaceae TVA 4611 TVA TVA guianensis Aubl. Kaneripisie Sranang Hoogland gele bast man barklak Sranang Eschweilera Dwerg oeman barklak Sranang Eschweilera Hoogland gele bast man barklak Sranang Lecythidaceae Eschweilera Bergi man barklak Sranang 4660 Lecythidaceae Eschweilera Oeman barklak Sranang 4704 Lecythidaceae Eschweilera Oeman barklak Sranang TVA 4605 Lecythidaceae Eschweilera? Tete oedoe Sranang TVA 4315 Lecythidaceae Gustavia TVA 4367 Lecythidaceae Gustavia augusta L. Watramamabobi Sranang TVA 4563 Lecythidaceae Lecythis idatimon Aubl. Curcuru té, Bergi oeman barklak Carib, Sranang TVA 4675 Loganiaceae Antonia ovata Pohl TVA 4681 Loranthaceae TVA 4531 Loranthaceae TVA 4715 Loranthaceae TVA 4702 Malpighiaceae TVA 4711 Malpighiaceae TVA 4701 Malpighiaceae Byrsonima TVA 4328 Malpighiaceae Byrsonima TVA 4483 Malpighiaceae Jubelina TVA 4534 Malpighiaceae Stigmaphyllon TVA 4673 Malpighiaceaea Byrsonima TVA 4655 Malvaceae TVA 4688 Malvaceae Sterculia excelsa TVA 4694 Malvaceae Sterculia excelsa TVA 4316 Marantaceae Lika oedoe Sranang Fowru dotie Sranang Phthirusa Fowru dotie Sranang Phthirusa Fowru dotie Sranang Lontokasie Sranang surinamensis? incarnata? sinuatum (DC.) A.Juss. Foengoe té Konkoni cassava Lonto kasie Sranang Mart. Kleinblad okro oedoe Sranang Mart. Kleinblad okro oedoe Sranang 43 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 TVA 4546 Marantaceae TVA 4621 Marantaceae TVA 4630 Marantaceae TVA 4330 Marcgraviaceae TVA 4311 Melastomataceae TVA 4355 Melastomataceae TVA 4381 Melastomataceae TVA 4384 Melastomataceae TVA 4448 Melastomataceae TVA 4503 Melastomataceae TVA 4548 Melastomataceae TVA 4599 Melastomataceae TVA 4619 Melastomataceae TVA 4554 Melastomataceae Aciotis TVA 4461 Melastomataceae Adelobotrys TVA 4327 Melastomataceae Miconia TVA 4382 Melastomataceae Miconia TVA 4329 Melastomataceae Miconia alata TVA 4380 Melastomataceae Miconia ceramicarpa (DC.) Cogn. TVA 4286 Meliaceae TVA 4581 Meliaceae TVA 4298 Meliaceae Carapa procera DC. TVA 4669 Menispermaceae Norantea guianensis Aubl. Amandra mispel Sranang TVA 4385 Menispermaceae Disciphannia TVA 4558 Menispermaceae Log. Strychnos? Dobrodoea Sranang TVA 4678 Mimosaceae Balizia Tamarind prokonie Sranang TVA 4350 Mimosaceae Inga TVA 4404 Mimosaceae Inga Kapuweriswitiboontje Sranang TVA 4592 Mimosaceae Inga Rode bast switieboontje Sranang TVA 4603 Mimosaceae Inga Rode bast switieboontje Sranang TVA 4607 Mimosaceae Inga Rode bast switieboontje Sranang TVA 4709 Mimosaceae Inga Mimosa TVA 4504 Mimosaceae TVA 4637 Moraceae TVA 4612 Moraceae Coussapoa TVA 4530 Moraceae Ficus 44 Bigi akamakka, Wacht-een-beetje Saramaccan, Dutch Man letterhout Sranang PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 TVA 4574 Myrsinaceae TVA 4631 Myrsinaceae TVA 4427 TVA 4536 TVA 4281 Myrtaceae TVA 4325 Myrtaceae TVA 4333 Myrtaceae TVA 4338 Myrtaceae TVA 4376 Myrtaceae TVA 4377 Myrtaceae TVA 4387 Myrtaceae TVA 4389 Myrtaceae TVA 4399 Myrtaceae TVA 4414 Myrtaceae TVA 4416 Myrtaceae TVA 4450 Myrtaceae TVA 4457 Myrtaceae TVA 4465 Myrtaceae TVA 4481 Myrtaceae TVA 4482 Myrtaceae TVA 4490 Myrtaceae TVA 4493 Myrtaceae TVA 4510 Myrtaceae TVA 4535 Myrtaceae TVA 4579 Myrtaceae TVA 4616 Myrtaceae TVA 4618 Myrtaceae TVA 4649 Myrtaceae TVA 4710 Myrtaceae TVA 4505 Myrtaceae Calycorectes bergii TVA 4366 Myrtaceae Campomanesia aromatica TVA 4511 Myrtaceae Eugenia B Myrsinaceae Cybianthus Ajarie Sranang Myrsinaceae Cybianthus Powisi téré Sranang Groene bast gujave Sranang Bosgujave Sranang TVA 4498 Myrtaceae Eugenia coffeifolia TVA 4369 Myrtaceae Eugenia stipulacea TVA 4323 Nyctaginaceae Neea floribunda TVA 4398 Nyctaginaceae Neea Torrubia? Sandwith Adoja kers Sranang Sekrepatoe kersie Sranang Prasara oedoe Sranang DC. Poepp. & Endl. 45 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 TVA 4437 Ochnaceae? TVA 4396 Olacaceae Aquifoliaceae/ Jamsie oedoe TVA 4705 Olacaceae Flacourtiaceae TVA 4335 Olacaceae Heisteria cauliflora Sm. TVA 4722 Orchidaceae uncata Lindl. Sranang TVA 4289 Orchidaceae Maxillaria TVA 4632 Orchidaceae Pleurothallus TVA 4360 Orchidaceae Psygmorchis TVA 4283 Orchidaceae Scaphyglottis violacea/ purpurea TVA 4288 Orchidaceae Trigonidium acuminatum Bateman ex Lindl. TVA 4402 Passifloraceae Passiflora coccinea Aubl. Markoesa Sranang TVA 4516 Passifloraceae Passiflora glandulosa Cav. Markoesa Sranang TVA 4497 Passifloraceae Passiflora vespertilio L. Markoesa Sranang TVA 4300 Piperaceae Peperomia TVA 4354 Piperaceae Peperomia macrostachya (Vahl) A.Dietr. TVA 4295 Piperaceae Piper TVA 4297 Piperaceae Piper TVA 4303 Piperaceae Piper TVA 4310 Piperaceae Piper TVA 4340 Piperaceae Piper TVA 4345 Piperaceae Piper TVA 4356 Piperaceae Piper TVA 4421 Piperaceae Piper TVA 4423 Piperaceae Piper TVA 4432 Piperaceae Piper TVA 4436 Piperaceae Piper TVA 4462 Piperaceae Piper TVA 4466 Piperaceae Piper TVA 4472 Piperaceae Piper TVA 4588 Piperaceae Piper TVA 4613 Piperaceae Piper TVA 4641 Piperaceae Piper TVA 4411 Polygalaceae Securidaca diversifolia (L.) S.F.Blake TVA 4378 Polygonaceae TVA 4492 Polygonaceae Coccoloba TVA 4596 Polygonaceae Coccoloba Liaan bradi lifi Sranang 46 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP TVA 4684 Polygonaceae Coccoloba TVA 4441 Pterophytae Dryopteris TVA 4304 Quiinaceae DRAFT MAY 2004 TVA 4676 Quiinaceae TVA 4312 Quiinaceae Lacunaria crenata (Tul.) A.C.Sm. Redi oedoe (familie van ) Sranang TVA 4425 Quiinaceae Lacunaria crenata TVA 4428 Quiinaceae Lacunaria crenata (Tul.) A.C.Sm. Djogoe lobi Sranang (Tul.) A.C.Sm. Djogoe lobi TVA 4302 Rubiaceae redi oedoe TVA 4317 Rubiaceae TVA 4318 Rubiaceae TVA 4332 Rubiaceae TVA 4339 Rubiaceae TVA 4342 Rubiaceae Gewone boskoffie Sranang TVA 4370 Rubiaceae TVA 4422 Rubiaceae TVA 4434 Rubiaceae TVA 4454 Rubiaceae TVA 4635 Rubiaceae TVA 4654 Rubiaceae TVA 4602 Rubiaceae Amaioua Middelblad marmadoos Sranang TVA 4677 Rubiaceae Amaioua Klein blad marmadoos Sranang TVA 4570 Rubiaceae Amanoa TVA 4519 Rubiaceae Cephaelis TVA 4484 Rubiaceae Faramea TVA 4541 Rubiaceae Gonzalagunia TVA 4640 Rubiaceae Hillia TVA 4346 Rubiaceae Isertia? Pangapanga, Asisi oedoe Sranang Pritjarie Sranang Hoogbos gowtrie Sranang Kleinbladig gowtrie Sranang violaceae illustris (Vell.) K.Schum. TVA 4455 Rubiaceae Palicourea guianensis Aubl. TVA 4476 Rubiaceae Psychotria racemosa (Aubl.) Raeusch. ex Sandwith TVA 4721 Rubiaceae Randia aromatica TVA 4717 Rutaceae Zanthoxylum rhoifolium TVA 4334 Sapindaceae TVA 4480 Sapindaceae TVA 4699 Sapindaceae TVA 4500 Sapindaceae Cupania TVA 4520 Sapindaceae Cupania scrobiculata Lam. Rich. 47 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP TVA 4322 Sapindaceae Paullinia TVA 4363 Sapindaceae Paullinia TVA 4485 Sapindaceae Paullinia TVA 4560 Sapindaceae Paullinia TVA 4651 Sapindaceae Paullinia TVA 4667 Sapindaceae TVA 4452 Sapindaceae TVA 4537 Sapindaceae Talisia TVA 4591 Sapotaceae Pouteria? Euphorb? TVA 4712 Scrophulariaceae TVA 4308 Simaroubaceae TVA 4723 Simaroubaceae Picramnia TVA 4406 Siparunaceae Siparuna TVA 4429 Smilacaceae Smilax Smilax DRAFT MAY 2004 Fevi finga Sranang Fevi finga Sranang Paullinia Se gowtrie Sranang Talisia Bosknippa Sranang Eetbare bosknippa Sranang Hoogland asisi oedoe Sranang Malassie oedoe Sranang Brandnetel Dutch Cupania Picramnia TVA 4464 Smilacaceae TVA 4393 Solanaceae TVA 4430 Solanaceae TVA 4620 Solanaceae TVA 4294 Solanaceae Brunfelsia TVA 4349 Solanaceae Lisianthus TVA 4347 Solanaceae Markea TVA 4352 Solanaceae Markea TVA 4373 Solanaceae Solanum TVA 4301 Solanaceae Solanum TVA 4720 Ulmaceae Ampelocera decipiens (Tul.) A.DC. guianensis Benth. leucocarpon Dunal aestuans (L.) Chew volubilis L. TVA 4533 Urticaceae Laportea TVA 4652 Verbenaceae Lantana TVA 4458 Verbenaceae Petrea TVA 4647 Verbenaceae Stachytarpheta Rata tere Sranang TVA 4663 Verbenaceae Vitex Krabassie oedoe Sranang TVA 4365 Violaceae Payparola TVA 4512 Violaceae Payparola Manaritiki Sranang TVA 4614 Violaceae Paypayrola Taja oedoe, geri broemtjie Sranang TVA 4650 Violaceae Paypayrola TVA 4320 Violaceae Rinorea TVA 4306 48 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP TVA 4309 TVA 4313 TVA 4319 TVA 4326 TVA 4359 TVA 4364 TVA 4374 TVA 4412 TVA 4419 TVA 4424 TVA 4426 TVA 4439 TVA 4443 TVA 4446 TVA 4460 TVA 4506 TVA 4524 TVA 4540 TVA 4542 TVA 4543 TVA 4703 DRAFT MAY 2004 49 APPENDIX 3 Preliminary checklist of the plants of the Brownsberg Version 28 May 2004 Edited by Olaf Bánki with the help of Paul Maas – National Herbarium of the Netherlands – Utrecht University for reviewing the complete list and the Annonaceae, Maarten Christenhusz – University of Turku, Finland for the Lycophyta and Pterophyta and Scott Mori – New York Botanical Gardens for the Lecythidaceae. c = collected; r = reported (real reference to plant collection not yet found); o = observed by current expedition team BRYOPHYTA Fissidentaceae Fissidens mollis Mitt. c Pottiaceae Hyophila involuta (Hook.) Jaeg. & Sauerb. c Lycopodiaceae Huperzia Lycopodiella dichotoma cernua (Jacq.) Rothm. (L.) Pic.-Ser. c r Selaginellaceae Selaginella Selaginella Selaginella Selaginella Selaginella epirrhizos flagellata parkeri revoluta tuberculata Spring Spring (Hook. & Grev.) Spring Baker Spruce ex Baker c c r c c Adiantaceae Adiantum Adiantum Adiantum Adiantum Adiantum Adiantum Adiantum Adiantum Adiantum Adiantum cayennense fuliginosum glaucescens latifolium leprieurii macrophyllum obliquum phyllitidis pulverulentum terminatum Willd. Ex Klotzsch Fee Klotzsch Lam. Hook. Swa. Willd. J. Sm. L. Kunze ex Miq. c c c c c c c c c c Aspleniaceae Asplenium abscissum Willd. c LYCOPHYTA PTEROPHYTA 50 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Blechnaceae Salpichlaena volubilis (Kaulf.) J. Smith c Cyatheaceae Cyathea Cyathea Cyathea Cyathea spectabilis andina cyatheoides procera c c c c Cyathea surinamensis (Kunze) Domin (H. Karst.) Domin (Desv.) K.U. Kramer (Willd.) Domin [not yet recorded from SU] (Miq.) Domin Dennstaedtiaceae Lindsaea Lindsaea dubia lancea Lindsaea Lindsaea Lindsaea Lindsaea Lonchitis quadrangularis reniformis sagittata surinamensis hirsuta Dryopteridaceae Cyclodium guianense Cyclodium Olfersia Polybotrya Stigmatopteris c Spreng. c (L.) Bedd. var. leprieurii (Hook.) K.U.c Kramer Raddi subsp. antillensis K.U. Kramer c Dryand. r Dryand. c Posth. c L. c inerme cervina fractiserialis rotundata (Klotzsch) van der Werff ex L.D. Gómez (Fée) A.R. Smith (L.) Kunze (Baker) J.E. Smith (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) C. Chr. c c c c Gleicheniaceae Sticherus remota (Kaulf.) Chrysler r Grammitidaceae Cochlidium linearifolium (Desv.) Maxon ex C. Chr. r Hymenophyllaceae Hymenophyllum Hymenophyllum Trichomanes Trichomanes Trichomanes Trichomanes Trichomanes Trichomanes decurrens hirsutum botryoides diversifrons pedicellatum pinnatum rigidum trollii (Jacq.) Sw. (L.) Sw. Kaulf. (Bory) Mett. ex Sadeb. Desv. Hedw. Swa. Bergd. c c c c c c c c Lomariopsidaceae Bolbitis Elaphoglossum Elaphoglossum Lomariopsis semipinnatifida longifolium (cf.) luridum japurensis (Fée) Alston (K. Presl) J. Smith (Fée) H. Christ (Mart.) J. Smith c c c c Marattiaceae Danaea Danaea leprieurii nodosa Kunze (L.) Sm. c c 51 c PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Danaea Danaea Danaea simplicifolia trifoliata sp. nov. Rudge Rchb. ined. [formerly D. elliptica] c c c Metaxyaceae Metaxya rostrata (Kunth) K. Presl c Oleandraceae Nephrolepis Oleandra biserrata articulata (Sw.) Schott (Swa.) K. Presl c c Polypodiaceae Campyloneurum Microgramma Microgramma Polypodium Polypodium Polypodium phyllitidis fuscopunctata lycopodioides dissimile dulce polypodioides (L.) K. Presl (Hook.) Vareschi (L.) Copel. L. Poir. (L.) Watt c c c c c c Pteridaceae Pteris biaurita L. c Tectariaceae Tectaria Tectaria incisa plantaginea c Tectaria Triplophyllum Triplophyllum trifoliata dicksonioides funestum Cav. (Jacq.) Maxon var. macrocarpa (Fée) C. Morton (L.) Cav. (Fée) Holttum (Kunze) Holttum c c c c Thelypteridaceae Thelypteris Thelypteris Thelypteris Thelypteris Thelypteris Thelypteris abrupta glandulosa hispidula holodictya leprieurii pennata (Desv.) Proctor (Desv.) Proctor var. glandulosa (Decne.) C. Reed var. hispidula K.U. Kramer (Hook.) R. Tryon var. leprieurii (Poir.) C.V. Morton c c c c c c Vittariaceae Antrophyum Hecistopteris guayanense (vs.) pumila Hieron. (Spreng.) J.E. Smith c c Woodsiaceae Diplazium Hemidictyum cristatum marginatum (Desr.) Alston (L.) K. Presl c c 52 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 SPERMATOPHYTA Acanthaceae Anisacanthus Aphelandra Asystasia Blechum Justicia Justicia Lepidagathis Mendoncia Mendoncia Ruellia secundus scabra gangetica pyramidatum calycina cayennensis alopecuroidea aspera hoffmannseggiana rubra Leonard (Vahl) Sm. (L.) T. Anderson (Lam.) Urb. (Nees) V.A.W. Graham (Nees) Lindau (Vahl) R.Br. ex Griseb. (Ruiz & Pav.) Nees Nees Aubl. c r o c c c c r r c Achariaceae Carpotroche surinamensis Uittien c Anacardiaceae Anacardium Loxopterygium Spondias Tapirira Thyrsodium spruceanum sagotii mombin guianensis guianense Benth. ex Engl. Hook. f. L. Aubl. Sagot c c r c c Annonaceae Anaxagorea Cymbopetalum Duguetia Duguetia Duguetia Duguetia Fusaea Guatteria Guatteria Oxandra Rollinia Rollinia Unonopsis Unonopsis Unonopsis Xylopia Xylopia Xylopia Xylopia dolichocarpa brasiliense calycina inconspicua pycnastera surinamensis longifolia punctata scandens asbeckii elliptica exsucca glaucopetala rufescens stipitata aromatica cayennensis frutescens sericea Sprague & Sandwith (Vell.) Benth. ex Baill. Benoist Sagot Sandwith R.E. Fr. (Aubl.) Saff. (Aubl.) R.A. Howard Ducke (Pulle) R.E. Fr. R.E. Fr. (DC.) A. DC. R.E. Fr. (Baill.) R.E. Fr. Diels (Lam.) Mart. Maas Aubl. A. St.-Hil. c c c c c c c c c r c r r c c r r c c Apocynaceae Ambelania Aspidosperma Aspidosperma Aspidosperma Aspidosperma Aspidosperma Forsteronia Geissospermum acida album cruentum marcgravianum oblongum vargasii acouci laeve Aubl. (Vahl) Benoist ex Pichon Woodson Woodson A. DC. A. DC. (Aubl.) A. DC. (Thunb.) Miers c c c c c c c c 53 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Geissospermum Himatanthus Lacmellea Macoubea Odontadenia Odontadenia Parahancornia Rauvolfia Tabernaemontana Tabernaemontana Tabernaemontana sericeum articulatus aculeata guianensis nitida perrottetii fasciculata paraënsis albiflora heterophylla undulata Benth. & Hook. f. ex Miers (Vahl) Woodson (Ducke) Monach. Aubl. (Vahl) Müll. Arg. (A. DC.) Woodson (Poir.) Benoist ex Pichon Ducke (Miq.) Pulle Vahl Vahl Araceae Anthurium Anthurium Caladium Dieffenbachia pentaphyllum rurbinervum bicolor seguine Dracontium Heteropsis Monstera Monstera Philodendron Philodendron Philodendron Philodendron Philodendron Philodendron Philodendron Philodendron Philodendron Philodendron Syngonium Xanthosoma asperum flexuosa adansonii obliqua deflexum insigne linnaei pedatum rudgeanum scandens sphalerum splitgerberi squamiferum (cf.) surinamense podophyllum undipes (Aubl.) G. Don c (Link) G. Don c (Aiton) Vent. c (Jacq.) Schott c var. lingulata (Mart. ex Schott) Engl. K. Koch c (Kunth) G.S. Bunting c Schott c Miq. c Poepp. ex Schott c Schott c Kunth c (Hook.) Kunth c Schott c K. Koch & Sello c Schott r Schott c Poepp. c (Miq.) Engl. c Schott var. vellozianum (Schott) Croat c (K. Koch) K. Koch c Araliaceae Schefflera Schefflera decaphylla morototoni (Seem.) Harms r (Aubl.) Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin r Arecaceae Astrocaryum Astrocaryum Attalea Bactris Bactris Bactris Bactris Euterpe Geonoma Geonoma Geonoma Mauritia Oenocarpus Socratea paramaca sciophilum maripa acanthocarpoides campestris gastoniana simplicifrons oleracea baculifera maxima stricta flexuosa bacaba exorrhiza Mart. (Miq.) Pulle (Aubl.) Mart. Barb. Rodr. Poepp. ex Mart. Barb. Rodr. Mart. Mart. (Poit.) Kunth (Poit.) Kunth (Poit.) Kunth L. f. Mart. (Mart.) H.Wendl. 54 c c r c r c c r r r c r r r c c c c r c c c r c c PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Aristolochiaceae Aristolochia stahelii O.C. Schmidt c Asteraceae Bidens Bidens Clibadium Cyanthillium Emilia Erechtites Hebeclinium Mikania Mikania Mikania Neurolaena Rolandra Wulffia cynapiifolia pilosa surinamense cinereum sonchifolia hieracifolia macrophyllum parviflora psilostachya vitifolia lobata fruticosa baccata Kunth L. L. (L.) H. Rob. (L.) DC. ex Wight var. sonchifolia (L.) Raf. ex DC. (L.) DC. (Aubl.) H. Karst. DC. DC (L.) R. Br. (L.) Kuntze (L.) Kuntze r r o r r r r r r c r r r Balanophoraceae Helosis cayennensis (Sw.) Spreng. var. cayennensis r Begoniaceae Begonia glabra Aubl. c Bignoniaceae Arrabidaea Arrabidaea Arrabidaea Arrabidaea Distictella Jacaranda Jacaranda candicans fanshawei florida patellifera magnoliifolia copaia obtusifolia r c c r r c c Lundia Lundia Macfadyena Memora Mussatia Parabignonia Paragonia Pithecoctenium Stizophyllum Tabebuia Tabebuia Tabebuia Tynanthus Xylophragma densiflora erionema unguis-cati flavida prieurei steyermarkii pyramidata crucigerum riparium capitata impetiginosa serratifolia pubescens seemannianum (Rich.) DC. Sandw. D.C. (Schltdl.) Sandwith (Kunth) Sandwith (Aubl.) D. Don subsp. copaia H. & B. var. rhombifolia (G. Mey.) A.H. Gentry DC. DC. (L.) A.H. Gentry (DC.) Bureau & K. Schum. (DC.) Bureau ex K. Schum. Sandwith (Rich.) Bureau (L.) A.H. Gentry (Kunth) Sandw. (Bureau & K. Schum.) Sandwith (Mart. ex DC.) Standl. (Vahl) Nicholson A.H. Gentry (Kuntze) Sandwith r r c r r r r c c r c c r r Boraginaceae Cordia Cordia Cordia Cordia alliodora nodosa panicularis polycephala (Ruiz & Pav.) Oken Lam. Rudge (Lam.) I.M. Johnst. c c c r 55 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Cordia Cordia Cordia Tournefortia sagotii schomburgkii tetrandra ulei I.M. Johnst. DC. Aubl. Vaupel r c r c Brassicaceae Capparis maroniensis Benoist c Bromeliaceae Catopsis Tillandsia berteroniana spiculosa (Schult. & Schult. f.) Mez Griseb. c c Burmaniaceae Burmannia bicolor Mart. r Burseraceae Protium Protium Protium Tetragastris Tetragastris Trattinnickia Trattinnickia plagiocarpium polybotryum tenuifolium altissima panamensis burserifolia rhoifolia Benoist (Turcz.) Engl. (Engl.) Engl. (Aubl.) Swart (Engl.) Kuntze Mart. Willd. c c c r c r c Cannabaceae Celtis Trema iguanaea micrantha (Jacq.) Sarg. (L.) Blume r r Cardiopteridaceae Dendrobangia boliviana Rusby c Caricaceae Jacaratia spinosa (Aubl.) A.DC. c Caryophyllaceae Drymaria cordata (L.) Willd. ex Schult. subsp. cordata r Celastraceae Cheiloclinium Cheiloclinium Maytenus Maytenus Peritassa Pristimera Salacia Salacia Tontelea cognatum hippocrateoides kanukuensis pruinosa laevigata nervosa cordata multiflora coriacea (Miers) A.C. Sm. (Peyr.) A.C. Sm. A.C. Sm. Reissek (Hoffmans. ex Link) A.C. Sm. (Miers) A.C. Sm. (Miers) Mennega (Lam.) DC. A.C. Sm. c c c c c c r r c Chrysobalanaceae Couepia Couepia Couepia Couepia Exellodendron caryophylloides cognata guianensis guianensis barbatum Benoist (Steud.) Fritsch Aubl. subsp. guianensis Aubl. (Ducke) Prance r r c c c 56 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP Hirtella Hirtella Hirtella Hirtella Hirtella Licania Licania Licania Licania Licania Licania Licania Licania Licania bicornis margae paniculata triandra (cf.) racemosa apetala (cf.) canescens heteromorpha hypoleuca licaniiflora macrophylla majuscula micrantha octandra Licania Licania Parinari Parinari DRAFT MAY 2004 r c c r c r r c c r r c r r ovalifolia robusta campestris excelsa Mart. & Zucc. Prance Sw. Sw. subsp. triandra Lam. var. racemosa (E. Mey.) Fritsch Benoist Benth. var. heteromorpha Benth. var. hypoleuca (Sagot) S.F. Blake Benth. Sagot Miq. (Hoffmanns. ex Roem. & Schult.) Kuntze Kleinhoonte Sagot Aubl. Sabine Clusiaceae Calophyllum Caraipa Caraipa Clusia Clusia Clusia Clusia Platonia Rheedia Rheedia Rheedia Symphonia Tovomita Tovomita Tovomita Tovomita Tovomita brasiliense punctulata richardiana grandiflora nemorosa panapanari platystigma insignis acuminata benthamiana madruno globulifera carinata choisyana schomburgkii secunda umbellata Cambess. Ducke Cambess. Splitg. G. Mey. (Aubl.) Choisy Eyma Mart. (Ruiz & Pav.) Planch. & Triana Planch. & Triana (Kunth) Planch. & Triana L.f. Eyma Planchon & Triana Planchon & Triana Poepp. ex Planch. & Triana Benth. [not yet recorded from SU] c c r r r r r c c r c c c c r r c Combretaceae Buchenavia Combretum Terminalia Terminalia Terminalia tetraphylla laxum amazonia dichotoma lucida (Aubl.) R.A. Howard Jacq. (J.F. Gmel.) Exell G. Mey. Hoffmanns. ex Mart. r r r r r Commelinaceae Tripogandra serrulata (Vahl) Handlos o Connaraceae Cnestidium guianense (Schellenb.) Schellenb. c Convolvulaceae Aniseia martinicensis (Jacq.) Choisy r 57 c c c c PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Bonamia Dicranostyles Maripa Maripa Merremia maripoides guianensis glabra scandens macrocalyx Hallier f. Mennega Choisy Aubl. (Ruiz & Pav.) O'Donell r c r r r Costaceae Costus Costus claviger scaber Benoist Ruiz & Pav. c c Cucurbitaceae Cayaponia Gurania Gurania Gurania Selysia rigida subumbellata robusta lobata (cf.) prunifera (Cogn.) Cogn. (Miq.) Cogn. Suess. (L.) Pruski (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn. r r c r r Cyclanthaceae Asplundia Asplundia Dicranopygium Stelestylis Thoracocarpus glandulosa (cf.) maguirei (cf.) pygmaeum surinamensis bissectus (Gleason) Harling Harling (Gleason) Harling subsp. pygmaeum Harling (Vell.) Harling c c c c c Cyperaceae Becquerelia Bisboeckelera Bisboeckelera Calyptrocarya Cyperus Diplasia Hypolytrum Rhynchospora Rhynchospora Scleria cymosa longifolia microcephala glomerulata simplex karatifolia pulchrum holoschoenoides montana stipularis Brongn. (Rudge) Kuntze (Boeck.) T. Koyama (Brongn.) Urb. Kunth Rich. (Rudge) H. Pfeiff. (Rich.) Herter (Uittien) H. Pfeiff. Nees c c r c c r r r c r Dichapetalaceae Dichapetalum Dichapetalum Tapura Tapura pedunculatum rugosum capitulifera guianensis (DC.) Baill. (Vahl) Prance Spruce ex Baill. Aubl. r r c r Dilleniaceae Davilla Davilla Doliocarpus Doliocarpus Pinzona alata kunthii brevipedicellatus major coriacea (Vent.) Briq. A. St.-Hil. Garcke subsp. brevipedicellatus J.F. Gmel. subsp. major Mart. & Zucc. r r r r r Dioscoreaceae Dioscorea megacarpa Gleason c Ebenaceae Diospyros guianensis (Aubl.) Gürke r 58 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Diospyros Diospyros martinii tetrandra Benoist ex Amshoff Hiern r c Elaeocarpaceae Sloanea Sloanea Sloanea Sloanea Sloanea Sloanea gracilis grandiflora guianensis laxiflora pubescens robusta Uittien J.E. Sm. (Aubl.) Benth. Spruce ex Benth. Benth. Uittien c c c c c c Euphorbiaceae Acalypha Chaetocarpus Chamaesyce Conceveiba Croton Croton Croton Croton Dalechampia Hevea Mabea Mabea Mabea Maprounea Micrandra Pausandra Pera Plukenetia Pogonophora Sapium Sapium Tragia diversifolia schomburgkianus hyssopifolia guianensis longiradiatus matourensis schiedeanus trinitatis brownsbergensis guianensis piriri speciosa speciosa guianensis brownsbergensis martinii bicolor polyadenia schomburgkiana glandulosum paucinervium lessertiana Jacq. (Kuntze) Pax & K. Hoffm. (L.) Small Aubl. Lanj. Aubl. Schltdl. Millsp. G.L. Webster & Armbr. Aubl. Aubl. Mull. Arg. Müll.Arg. subsp. speciosa Aubl. Lanj. Baill. (Klotzsch) Müll. Arg. Müll. Arg. Miers ex Benth. (L.) Morong Hemsl. (Baill.) Müll. Arg. c r c r c c r r c r c c c c c c r r r r c r Fabaceae Abarema Acacia Acacia Andira Andira Balizia Bauhinia Bauhinia Bocoa Calliandra Calopogonium Clathrotropis Clitoria Clitoria Copaifera Copaifera Copaifera Crudia jupunba tenuifolia articulata coriacea surinamensis pedicellaris eilertsii guianensis prouacensis tergemina (cf.) mucunoides brachypetala pendens sagotii epunctata guyanensis reticulata aromatica (Willd.) Britton & Killip (L.) Willd. Ducke Pulle (Bondt) Splitg. ex Amshoff (DC.) Barneby & J.W. Grimes Pulle Aubl. Aubl. (L.) Benth. var. tergemina Desv. (Tul.) Kleinhoonte Fantz Fantz Amshoff Desf. Ducke (Aubl.) Willd. c r c c c c c c c r r c r r c c r c 59 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP Dalbergia Desmodium Desmodium Desmodium Desmodium Dialium Dicorynia Dioclea Dioclea Diplotropis Dipteryx Dipteryx Enterolobium Eperua Inga Inga Inga Inga Inga Inga Inga Inga Inga Inga Inga Inga Inga Leucaena Machaerium Machaerium Macrolobium Martiodendron Mimosa Ormosia Ormosia Ormosia Parkia Parkia Parkia monetaria adscendens axillare barbatum wydlerianum guianense guianensis macrocarpa scabra purpurea odorata punctata schomburgkii falcata alba bourgonii capitata huberi lateriflora leiocalycina leptingoides marginata pezizifera rubiginosa stipularis thibaudiana virgultosa leucocephala floribundum macrophyllum bifolium parviflorum pudica coccinea flava paraënsis nitida pendula ulei Peltogyne Platymiscium Platymiscium Poecilanthe Pseudopiptadenia Pterocarpus Sclerolobium Sclerolobium Senna Senna Stryphnodendron Stryphnodendron Swartzia Swartzia paniculata trinitatis ulei (cf.) effusa suaveolens rohrii melinonii micropetalum chrysocarpa quinquangulata polystachyum pulcherrimum amshoffiana arborescens DRAFT MAY 2004 L. f. (Sw.) DC. (Sw.) DC. (L.) Benth. Urb. (Aubl.) Sandw. Amshoff Huber (Rich.) R.H. Maxwell var. scabra (Rich.) Amsh. (Aubl.) Willd. (S.F. Blake) Amshoff (Benth.) Benth. Aubl. (Sw.) Willd (Aubl.) DC. Desv. Ducke Miq. Benth. Amshoff Willd. Benth. (A. Rich.) DC. DC. DC. (Vahl) Desv. (Lam.) de Wit Benth. var. floribundum Benth. (Aubl.) Pers. (Amshoff) R. Koeppen L. (Aubl.) Jacks. (Ducke) Rudd Ducke Miq. (Willd.) Benth. ex Walp. (Harms) Kuhlm. var. surinamensis Kleinh. Benth. Benth. Harms ex Harms (Huber) Ducke (Miq.) J.W. Grimes Vahl Harms Ducke (Desv.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby (Rich.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby (Miq.) Kleinhoonte (Willd.) Hochr. R.S. Cowan (Aubl.) Pittier 60 r r r r r c c r r c c c c c r r c c c r r r c c c c r r r r r r o c c r c c c c r r c c c c r r c c r c c PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Swartzia Swartzia Swartzia Swartzia Swartzia Swartzia Swartzia Tachigali Tephrosia Vatairea Vatairea Vataireopsis benthamiana brachyrachis laevicarpa longicarpa panacoco remiger schomburgkii albiflora purpurea guianensis paraënsis speciosa Miq. var. benthamiana Harms var. glabrata R.S. Cowan Amshoff Amshoff (Aubl.) R.S. Cowan Amshoff Benth. (Benoist) Zarucchi & Herend. (L.) Pers. Aubl. Ducke Ducke [records may represent misidentifications] Aubl. Huber (Ducke) Barneby & J.W. Grimes c r r c r c r r r r r c Vouacapoua Zollernia Zygia americana paraënsis racemosa Gentianaceae Chelonanthus Chelonanthus alatus purpurascens (Aubl.) Pulle (Aubl.) Struwe, S. Nilsson & V.A. Albert r r Gesneriaceae Besleria Codonanthe Columnea Drymonia Paradrymonia laxiflora calcarata calotricha coccinea campostyla Benth. (Miq.) Hanst. J.D. Sm. (Aubl.) Wiehler (Leeuwenb.) Wiehler c r c r c Gnetaceae Gnetum Gnetum nodiflorum urens Brongn. (Aubl.) Blume r r Goupiaceae Goupia glabra Aubl. c Heliconiaceae Heliconia Heliconia acuminata spathocircinata Rich. subsp. acuminata Aristeg. c c Hernandiaceae Sparattanthelium uncigerum (Meisn.) Kubitzki c Humiriaceae Humiria Sacoglottis Sacoglottis balsamifera cydonioides guianensis Aubl. Cuatrec. Benth. var. guianensis c c c guianensis latifolia ramuliflora sessilifolia (Aubl.) Choisy (Aubl.) Choisy Miq. (Aubl.) Choisy c c c c c c c Hypericaceae Vismia Vismia Vismia Vismia 61 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Icacinaceae Leretia cordata Vell. c Lacistemataceae Lacistema Lacistema Lacistema aggregatum grandifolium polystachyum (Bergius) Rusby W. Schnizl. W. Schnizl. c c c Lamiaceae Hyptis Hyptis Vitex Vitex atrorubens lanceolata compressa stahelii Poit. Poir. Turcz. Moldenke c c c c Lauraceae Aniba Aniba Aniba Aniba Aniba Endlicheria Licaria Licaria Licaria Nectandra Nectandra Nectandra Ocotea Ocotea Ocotea Ocotea Ocotea Ocotea Ocotea Ocotea Rhodostemonodaphne Rhodostemonodaphne Sextonia jenmanii kappleri megaphylla panurensis riparia canescens cannella debilis martiniana cissiflora globosa reticulata canaliculata endlicheriopsis floribunda (cf.) Glomerata Petalanthera Puberula schomburgkiana (aff.) splendens kunthiana praeclara rubra Mez Mez Mez (Meisn.) Mez (Nees) Mez Chanderbali (Meisn.) Kosterm. subsp. cannella (Mez) Kosterm. (Mez) Kosterm. Nees (Aubl.) Mez (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez (Rich.) Mez Mez (Sw.) Mez (Nees) Mez (Meisn.) Mez (Rich.) Nees (Nees) Mez (Meisn.) Baill. (Nees) Rohwer (Sandwith) Madriñán (Mez) van der Werff c c r c c c c c c c c c c c r r c r r c r c c Lecythidaceae Corythophora Couratari Couratari Couratari Couratari Eschweilera Eschweilera Eschweilera Eschweilera Eschweilera Eschweilera Eschweilera Gustavia Gustavia labriculata gloriosa (cf.) guianensis multiflora stellata collina congestiflora coriacea micrantha pedicellata simiorum subglandulosa augusta hexapetala (Eyma) S.A. Mori & Prance Sandwith Aubl. (Sm.) Eyma A.C. Smith Eyma (Benoist) Eyma (DC.) S.A. Mori (O. Berg) Miers (Rich.) S.A. Mori (Benoist) Eyma (Steud. ex O. Berg) Miers L. (Aubl.) Smith c r c r c c c c c r c r c c 62 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Lecythis Lecythis Lecythis Lecythis Lecythis Lecythis chartacea corrugata holcogyne idatimon poiteaui zabucajo O. Berg Poit. (Sandw.) S.A. Mori Aubl. O. Berg Aubl. c r c c r c Linaceae Hebepetalum humiriifolium (Planch.) Benth. r Loganiaceae Antonia Spigelia Strychnos Strychnos ovata anthelmia melinoniana tomentosa Pohl L. Baill. Benth. c o r r Loranthaceae Oryctanthus florulentus (Rich.) Tiegh. r Malpighiaceae Banisteriopsis Byrsonima Byrsonima Byrsonima Byrsonima Byrsonima Hiraea Hiraea Jubelina Mascagnia Stigmaphyllon Tetrapterys Tetrapterys lucida aerugo crassifolia densa laevigata stipulacea affinis propinqua rosea surinamensis sinuatum discolor styloptera (Rich.) Small Sagot (L.) Kunth (Poir.) DC. (Poir.) DC. A. Juss. Miq. W.R. Anderson (Miq.) Nied. (Kosterm.) W.R. Anderson (DC.) A. Juss. (G. Mey.) DC. A. Juss. r c r c r r r r c c c c r Malvaceae Apeiba Apeiba Apeiba Ceiba Eriotheca Eriotheca Eriotheca Guazuma Lueheopsis Pavonia Quararibea Quararibea Sida Sterculia Sterculia glabra intermedia petoumou pentandra (cf.) crassa globosa surinamensis ulmifolia rosea fruticosa duckei guianensis rhombifolia pruriens villifera Aubl. Uittien Aubl. (L.) Gaertn. (Uittien) A. Robyns (Aubl.) A. Robyns (Uittien) A. Robyns Lam. (Ducke) Burret (Mill.) Fawc. & Rendle Huber Aubl. L. (Aubl.) K. Schum. var. pruriens Steud. r c c c c c c r c c c c o c c Marantaceae Calathea Ischnosiphon elliptica arouma (Roscoe) K. Schum. (Aubl.) Körn. r c 63 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Ischnosiphon Ischnosiphon Ischnosiphon Maranta obliquus petiolatus puberulus humilis (Rudge) Körn. (Rudge) L. Andersson Loes. Aubl. c c c c Marcgraviaceae Marcgravia Souroubea coriacea (cf.) guianensis Vahl Aubl. subsp. guianensis c c Melastomataceae Aciotis Adelobotrys Bellucia Clidemia Clidemia purpurascens ciliata grossularioides conglomerata hirta c c r c c Ernestia Henriettea Henriettella Henriettella Leandra Loreya Macrocentrum Miconia Miconia Miconia Miconia Miconia Miconia Miconia Miconia Miconia Miconia Miconia Nepsera Pterolepis Sarmentaria Topobea rubra succosa caudata flavescens rufescens mespiloides fruticosum cacatin ceramicarpa chrysophylla hypoleuca kappleri lateriflora minutiflora mirabilis nervosa prasina tschudyoides aquatica glomerata decora parasitica (Aubl.) Triana (Naud.) Triana (L.) Triana DC. (L.) D. Don var. elegans (Aubl.) Griseb. Pulle (Aubl.) DC. Gleason (Aubl.) Triana (DC.) Cogn. Miq. Gleason (Aubl.) Renner (DC.) Cogn. (Rich.) Urb. (Benth.) Triana Naudin Cogn. (Bonpl.) DC. (Aubl.) L.O. Williams (Sm.) Triana (Sw.) DC. Cogn. (Aubl.) Naudin (Rottb.) Miq. Naud. [non Adelobotrys adscendens] Aubl. r c c r c c r c r c c r r c c r c c r r c r Meliaceae Carapa Carapa Cedrela Guarea Guarea Guarea Guarea Guarea Guarea Guarea Trichilia Trichilia Trichilia Trichilia guianensis procera odorata costata glabra grandifolia guidonia kunthiana macrophylla pubescens micrantha quadrijuga schomburgkii septentrionalis Aubl. A. DC. L. A. Juss. Vahl DC. (L.) Sleumer A. Juss. Vahl (Rich.) A. Juss. Benth. Kunth C. DC. subsp. schomburgkii C. DC. r c r c r c r r r r c r c c 64 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Memecylaceae Mouriri Mouriri acutiflora collocarpa Naudin Ducke r c Menispermaceae Abuta Abuta Abuta Cissampelos Orthomene barbata candollei rufescens andromorpha schomburgkii Miers Triana & Planch. Aubl. DC. (Miers) Barneby & Krukoff r r c r r Monimiaceae Mollinedia Mollinedia grazielae ovata Peixoto Ruiz & Pav. r r Moraceae Bagassa Brosimum Brosimum Brosimum Brosimum Ficus Ficus Ficus Ficus Ficus Ficus Ficus Helicostylis Maquira Naucleopsis Perebea Pseudolmedia Trymatococcus guianensis acutifolium guianense parinarioides rubescens albert-smithii broadwayi guianensis insipida maxima nymphaeifolia pakkensis tomentosa sclerophylla guianensis rubra laevis oligandrus Aubl. Huber subsp. acutifolium (Aubl.) Huber Ducke subsp. parinarioides Taub. Standl. Urb. Desv. Willd. subsp. scabra C.C. Berg Mill. Mill. Standl. (Poepp. & Endl.) Rusby (Ducke) C.C. Berg (Mildbr.) C.C. Berg (Trécul) C.C. Berg (Ruiz & Pav.) J.F. Macbr. (Benoist) Lanj. r c c c c r r r c r r c r r c c r c Myristicaceae Iryanthera Virola Virola Virola sagotiana michelii sebifera surinamensis (Benth.) Warb. Heckel Aubl. (Rol. ex Rottb.) Warb. c c r r Myrsinaceae Cybianthus Cybianthus Stylogyne microbotrys (cf.) surinamensis spruceana A. DC. (A. Spreng.) G. Agostini Mez r c r Myrtaceae Calycolpus Calycorectes Calyptranthes Campomanesia Eugenia revolutus bergii speciosa aromatica albicans (Schauer) O. Berg Sandwith Sagot var. speciosa (Aubl.) Griseb. (O. Berg) Urb. r c c r c 65 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Eugenia Eugenia Eugenia Eugenia Eugenia Eugenia Eugenia Eugenia Marlierea Myrcia Myrcia Myrcia Myrcia Myrcia Myrcia Myrcia Myrcia Myrcia Myrciaria brownsbergii Coffeifolia (aff.) cowanii cupulata florida (cf.) ligustrina macrocalyx patrisii montana amazonica decorticans deflexa fallax guianensis magnoliifolia platyclada sylvatica tomentosa floribunda Amshoff DC. McVaugh Amshoff var. cupulata DC. (Sw.) Willd. (Rusby) McVaugh Vahl (Aubl.) Amshoff DC. DC. (Poir.) DC. (Rich.) DC. (Aubl.) DC. var. guianensis DC. DC. (G. Mey.) DC. (Aubl.) DC. (West ex Willd.) O. Berg c c c c r r c c c c c r r c c c r r c Nyctaginaceae Guapira Neea Neea eggersiana constricta (cf.) floribunda (Heimerl) Lundell Spruce ex J.A. Schmidt Poepp. & Endl. r c c Ochnaceae Elvasia Ouratea Ouratea Sauvagesia elvasioides angulata gigantophylla erecta (Planch.) Gilg Tiegh. (Ehrh.) Engl. L. subsp. erecta c r r o Olacaceae Chaunochiton Heisteria Heisteria Heisteria Minquartia Ptychopetalum kappleri cauliflora densifrons ovata guianensis olacoides (Sagot ex Engl.) Ducke Sm. Engl. Benth. Aubl. Benth. r c r c r c Onagraceae Ludwigia Ludwigia erecta octovalvis (L.) H. Hara (Jacq.) P.H. Raven r r Opiliaceae Agonandra silvatica Ducke r Orchidaceae Batemannia Beloglottis Caluera Campylocentrum Catasetum Chaubardiella Cheiradenia colleyi costaricensis surinamensis micranthum deltoideum tigrina cuspidata Lindl. (Rchb.f.) Schlechter Dodson & Determann (Lindl.) Rolfe (Lindl.) Mutel (Garay & Dunsterville) Garay Lindl. c c c c c c r 66 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP Cryptarrhena Cyclopogon Dichaea Elleanthus Elleanthus Elleanthus Encyclia Encyclia Encyclia Epidendrum Epidendrum Epidendrum Epidendrum Gongora Kefersteinia Kegeliella Lepanthes Lepanthes Lockhartia Lyroglossa Masdevallia Maxillaria Maxillaria Maxillaria Maxillaria Maxillaria Maxillaria Maxillaria Maxillaria Maxillaria Notylia Octomeria Octomeria Oncidium Ornithocephalus Paphinia Pelexia Platystele Platystele Pleurothallis Pleurothallis Pleurothallis Pleurothallis Pleurothallis Pleurothallis Pleurothallis Pleurothallis Pleurothallis Psygmorchis Quekettia Scaphyglottis Scaphyglottis Scaphyglottis Scaphyglottis kegelii elatus muricata caravata cephalotus linifolius aemula diurna pygmaea anceps purpurascens ramosum unguiculatum quinquenervis lafontainei houtteana helicocephala ruscifolia imbricata grisebachii norae brunnea camaridii desvauxiana discolor jenischiana reichenheimiana rufescens splendens stenophylla sagittifera brevifolia grandiflora baueri gladiatus cristata callifera ovalifolia stenostachya aristata barbulata ciliolata consimilis discoidea polygonoides pruinosa seriata suspensa pusilla vermeuleniana dunstervillei modesta prolifera violacea DRAFT MAY 2004 Rchb. f. (Sw.) Schltr. (Sw.) Lindl. [name rejected] (Aubl.) Reichb.f. Garay & H.R. Sweet C. Presl (Lindl.) Carnevali & Ramirez (Jacq.) Schltr. (Hook.) Dressler Jacq. Focke Jacq. (C.Schweinf. ) Garay & Dunsterv. Ruiz & Pav. [Not in the Guianas] Senghas & Gerlach (Rchb. f.) L.O. Williams Rchb. f. Rchb. f. (Lam.) Hoehne (Cogn.) Schltr. Luer Linden & Rchb. f. Rchb. f. Rchb. f. (G. Lodd. ex Lindl.) Rchb. f. (Reichb. f.) C. Schweinf Endres & Rchb. f. Lindl. Poepp. & Endl. Rchb. f. (Kunth) Link, Klotzsch, & Otto Cogn. Lindl. [Not in the Guianas] Lindl. W.J. Hooker (Lindl.) Lindl. (C. Schweinf.) Garay (H. Focke) Garay & Dunst. (Rchb. f.) Garay W.J. Hooker Lindl. Schltr. Ames Lindl. Griseb. Lindl. Lindl. Luer (L.) Dodson & Dressler Determann (Garay) Foldats (Rchb. f.) Schltr. Cogn. Lindl. 67 c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c r c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c r PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Sobralia Sobralia Stelis Trichosalpinx Trichosalpinx Trichosalpinx Trigonidium Trisetella Xylobium macrophylla suaveolens aprica foliata memor orbicularis acuminatum triglochin foveatum Rchb. f. Rchb. f. Lindl. (Griseb.) Luer (Rchb. f.) Luer (Lindl.) Luer Bateman (Rchb. f.) Luer (Lindl.) G. Nicholson c c c c c c c r c Passifloraceae Passiflora Passiflora Passiflora Passiflora Passiflora Passiflora coccinea foetida garckei glandulosa laurifolia vespertilio Aubl. L. Mast. Cav. L. L. r r r r r r Phyllanthaceae Amanoa Hieronyma Margaritaria Phyllanthus Phyllanthus Phyllanthus guianensis alchorneoides nobilis caribaeus hyssopifolioides urinaria Aubl. Allemao var. alchorneoides L. f. Urb. Kunth L. r c r r c r Phytolaccaceae Phytolacca rivinoides Kunth & Bouché r Picramniaceae Picramnia Picramnia guianensis latifolia (Aubl.) Jans.-Jac. Tul. r r Piperaceae Peperomia Peperomia Peperomia Piper Piper Piper Piper Piper Piper Piper Piper Piper Piper Piper Piper ouabianae rotundifolia serpens aequale alatabaccum arboreum bartlingianum brownsbergense dilatatum fuligineum foveolatum hispidum nematanthera obliquum wachenheimii C. DC. var. ouabianae (L.) Kunth var. rotundifolia (Sw.) Loudon Vahl Trel. & Yunck. Aubl. var. arboreum (Miq.) C. DC. Yunck. Rich. Kunth C. DC. Sw. (Miq.) C. DC. Ruiz & Pav. Trel. c c c c r c c c c c r c c r c Poaceae Ichnanthus Ichnanthus Olyra pallens panicoides latifolia (Sw.) Munro ex Benth. P. Beauv. L. c r r 68 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Olyra Oplismenus Orthoclada Panicum Parodiolyra Paspalum Paspalum Pharus Pharus Streptogyna obliquifolia hirtellus laxa pilosum micrantha decumbens multicaule latifolius parvifolius americana Steud. (L.) P. Beauv. (Rich.) P. Beauv. Sw. (Kunth) Davidse & Zuloaga Sw. Poir. L. Nash C.E. Hubb. c c c r c c c c r r Polygalaceae Barnhartia Moutabea Moutabea Polygala Securidaca Securidaca floribunda guianensis longifolia variabilis pubescens uniflora Gleason Aubl. Poepp. & Endl. Kunth DC. Oort r c r c c c Polygonaceae Coccoloba Coccoloba ascendens parimensis Duss ex Lindau Benth. r r Proteaceae Roupala montana Aubl. var. montana c Putranjivaceae Drypetes variabilis Uittien c Quiinaceae Lacunaria Lacunaria Quiina Quiina crenata jenmanii integrifolia parvifolia (aff.) (Tul.) A.C. Sm. (Oliv.) Ducke Pulle Lanj. & Heerdt r c r r Rhamnaceae Gouania blanchetiana Miq. c Rosaceae Prunus myrtifolia (L.) Urb. var. accumulans Koehne c Rubiaceae Amaioua Borreria Borreria Borreria Capirona Chimarrhis Coussarea Coussarea Coussarea Diodia Duroia Duroia guianensis assurgens capitata latifolia decorticans turbinata micrococca paniculata racemosa ocymifolia aquatica longiflora Aubl. var. guianensis (Ruiz & Pav.) Griseb. (Ruiz & Pav.) DC. (Aubl.) K. Schum. var. latifolia Spruce DC. Bremek. (Vahl) Standl. A. Rich. (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Bremek. (Aubl.) Bremek. Ducke c c r r c c r c c r c r 69 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP Duroia Faramea Faramea Ferdinandusa Ferdinandusa Gonzalagunia Gonzalagunia Guettarda Hillia Isertia Ixora Morinda Pagamea Palicourea Palicourea Posoqueria Psychotria Psychotria Psychotria Psychotria Psychotria micrantha irwinii multiflora paraënsis rudgeoides dicocca spicata spruceana illustris parviflora graciliflora brachycalyx guianensis croceoides guianensis latifolia acuminata callithrix capitata deflexa erecta Psychotria Psychotria hoffmannseggiana iodotricha Psychotria Psychotria mapourioides moroidea Psychotria Psychotria Psychotria Sabicea Sipanea Sipanea Sipanea Uncaria DRAFT MAY 2004 c r r r c c c r r c r r c r c c r c c r c muscosa (cf.) racemosa trichophoroides aspera biflora pratensis stahelii guianensis (Ladbr.) Zarucchi & J.H. Kirkbr. Steyerm. A. Rich. ex DC. Ducke (Benth.) Wedd. Cham. & Schltdl. subsp. dicocca (Lamb.) M. Gómez Müll. Arg. (Vell.) K. Schum. Vahl Benth. (Bremek.) Steyerm. Aubl. var. guianensis W. Hamilton Aubl. subsp. guianensis (Rudge) Roem. & Schult. Benth. (Miq.) Steyerm. Ruiz & Pav. DC. (Aubl.) Standl. & Steyerm. (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Müll. Arg. Müll. Arg. subsp. atricapilla (Bremek.) Steyerm. DC. var. opaca (Bremek.) Steyerm. Steyerm. (Jacq.) Steyerm. subsp. breviloba Steyerm. Rich. Müll. Arg. Aubl. (L. f.) Cham. & Schltdl. Aubl. Bremek. (Aubl.) J.F. Gmel. Rutaceae Ticorea Ticorea Zanthoxylum Zanthoxylum foetida pedicellata pentandrum rhoifolium Aubl. DC. (Aubl.) R.A. Howard Lam. c r r r Salicaceae Banara Casearia Casearia Casearia Casearia Casearia Casearia Casearia Laetia guianensis arborea combaymensis grandiflora guianensis javitensis sylvestris ulmifolia procera Aubl. (L.C. Rich.) Urb. Tul. Cambess. (Aubl.) Urb. Kunth Sw. Vahl ex Vent. (Poepp.) Eichler r c c c r c c r c 70 r c c r r r c r c c r r PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Santalaceae Phoradendron Phoradendron piperoides pulleanum (Kunth) Trel. K. Krause c r Sapindaceae Cupania Cupania Matayba Matayba Paullinia Paullinia Serjania Talisia Talisia Talisia Talisia Talisia Talisia Toulicia Toulicia Urvillea Vouarana hirsuta scrobiculata arborescens opaca acuminata latifolia (cf.) oblongifolia hemidasya megaphylla microphylla pedicellaris praealta sylvatica patentinervis pulvinata ulmacea guianensis Radlk. Rich. (Aubl.) Radlk. Radlk. Uittien Benth. ex Radlk. Radlk. Radlk. Sagot ex Radlk. Uittien Sagot ex Radlk. (Sagot) Radlk. (Aubl.) Radlk. Radlk. Radlk. Kunth Aubl. r c c r r r r c r c r c r r r r c Sapotaceae Chrysophyllum argenteum c Chrysophyllum Chrysophyllum Ecclinusa Manilkara Micropholis Micropholis Micropholis Pouteria Pouteria cuneifolium prieurii guianensis bidentata egensis guyanensis venulosa bangii cuspidate Pouteria Pouteria Pouteria Pouteria Pouteria Pouteria Pouteria Pouteria Pradosia Pradosia Sarcaulus egregia engleri filipes guianensis melanopoda reticulata speciosa trigonosperma ptychandra surinamensis brasiliensis Jacq. subsp. auratum (Miq.) T.D. Penn. (Rudge) A. DC. A. DC. Eyma (A. DC.) Chev. (A. DC.) Pierre (A. DC.) Pierre (Mart. & Eichl.) Pierre (Rusby) T.D.Penn. (A.DC.) Baehni subsp. robusta (Mart. & Eichler) T.D. Penn. Sandwith Eyma Eyma Aubl. Eyma (Engl.) Eyma (Ducke) Baehni Eyma (Eyma) T.D. Penn. (Eyma) T.D. Penn. (A. DC.) Eyma subsp. brasiliensis c r c c r r r r c c r Scrophulariaceae Achetaria Lindernia Scoparia ocimoides crustacea dulcis (Cham. & Schltdl.) Wettst. (L.) F. Muell. L. r r o 71 r r c c c c c c c PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Simaroubaceae Simaba Simarouba guianensis amara Aubl. Aubl. r c Siparunaceae Siparuna Siparuna Siparuna cuspidata decipiens guianensis (Tul) A. DC. (Tul) A. DC. Aubl. r c c Smilacaceae Smilax Smilax Smilax megalophylla (cf.) schomburgkiana syphilitica Duhamel Kunth Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. r r r Solanaceae Brunfelsia Cestrum Cyphomandra Lycianthes Solanum Solanum Solanum Solanum Solanum guianensis latifolium (cf.) hartwegii pauciflora leucocarpon paludosum rugosum subinerme anceps Benth. Lam. (Miers) Walp. subsp. hartwegii (Vahl) Bitter Dunal Moric. Dunal Jacq. Ruiz & Pav. c r c r r r r r c Styracaceae Styrax glabratus Schott ex Spreng. c Symplocaceae Symplocos guianensis (Aubl.) Gürke r Theaceae Gordonia fruticosa (Schrad.) H. Keng c Theophrastaceae Clavija lancifolia Desf. c Trigoniaceae Trigonia laevis Aubl. r Triuridaceae Sciaphila albescens Benth. c Turneraceae Turnera rupestris Aubl. r Urticaceae Cecropia Cecropia Coussapoa Coussapoa Pilea Pourouma obtusa sciadophylla angustifolia latifolia pubescens bicolour Trécul Mart. Aubl. Aubl. Liebm. Mart. subsp. digitata (Trécul) C.C. Berg & Heusden c c c c c c 72 PLANT DIVERSITY OF BNP DRAFT MAY 2004 Pourouma Pourouma Pourouma Urera minor mollis (cf.) villosa caracasana Benoist Trécul subsp. mollis Trécul (Jacq.) Griseb. r r c r Verbenaceae Citharexylum Citharexylum Lantana Lippia Petrea Stachytarpheta macrophyllum spinosum camara alba bracteata cayennensis Poir. L. L. (Mill.) N.E. Br. Steud. (Rich.) Vahl r r r r c r Violaceae Amphirrhox Paypayrola Paypayrola Rinorea Rinorea longifolia guianensis longifolia pubiflora (cf.) riana (A. St.-Hil.) Spreng. Aubl. Tul. (Benth.) Sprague & Sandwith (DC.) Kuntze c c r r c Vitaceae Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicolson & C.E. Jarvis r Vochysiaceae Erisma Qualea Qualea Qualea Ruizterania Vochysia Vochysia Vochysia Vochysia uncinatum coerulea dinizii rosea albiflora costata guianensis surinamensis tomentosa Warm. Aubl. Ducke Aubl. (Warm.) Marcano-Berti Warm. Aubl. Stafleu var. surinamensis (G. Mey.) DC. r c r c c c r c r 73

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Plant diversity of the Brownsberg Nature Park, Suriname. Report of the Nov-Dec 2003 Expedition

Plant diversity of the Brownsberg Nature Park, Suriname. Report of the Nov-Dec 2003 Expedition

Plant diversity of the Brownsberg Nature Park, Suriname. Report of the Nov-Dec 2003 Expedition

Plant diversity of the Brownsberg Nature Park, Suriname. Report of the Nov-Dec 2003 Expedition

Plant diversity of the Brownsberg Nature Park, Suriname. Report of the Nov-Dec 2003 Expedition

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