Wongan Hills Tidy Towns

Eucalyptus arachnaea – Black stemmed mallee

 

Multi stemmed mallee to 6 m with a stocking of dark bark & glossy green leaves. White flowers in Summer to Autumn & spider like clusters of buds.

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A useful windbreak & revegetation species. It is found on gravelly soils, hilltops and slopes in a strip from about the Murchison River, south to Narrogin & east to Kondinin

Eucalyptus armillata – Flanged mallee / Red flowered mallee

 

Formally Euc. erythonema var. margininata. It grows up to 7m with stark powdery white bark ageing to shades of red before shedding. Flowers are Red, rarely cream with a flange near the top of bud bases. Shiny olive green leaves.

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An attractive mallee for ornamental planting and re-vegetation projects. It can be found in the southern half of the Northern Wheatbelt, growing in sandy gravels & grey- white loams.

Eucalyptus caesia magna -  Silver princess

 

A beautiful weeping ornamental tree to 5m. Lower trunk has shiny brown Minniritchi bark with pendulous powdery white upper branches displaying clusters of large red flowers. Juvenile leaves are rounded shiny green with adult leaves sickle shaped and dull grey green.

 

Widely planted as a small garden tree. It is rare in nature, only found on or adjacent to several isolated granite outcrops in the Central Wheatbelt.

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Eucalyptus macrocarpa  subsp Macrocarpa -  Rose of the west / Mottlecah

 

The Rose of the West is a Mallee to 5m high with the largest of all eucalyptus flowers. Flowers are red & rarely yellow. Buds are powdery white and leaves are silvery to blue grey. This small tree has a sprawling, spreading habit & grows insandy, gravelly soils scattered from NW of Moora to Kulin, a strip through the Wheatbelt of about 400km

 

Grown widely across Southern Australia. It is a great contrasting plant for gardens with it's striking foliage & large bright flowers.

 Acacia acuminata – Raspberry jam (Weeping Form)

 

A small hardy wattle tree to 5m, narrow shiny green leaves, massess of bright yellow barrel shaped flowers in winter. Grows throughout the WA Wheatbelt. This tree was widely used from early pioneers days with its hard, durable wood found to be termite proof & so used for fence posts and high heat yielding fire wood. The smoke from the burning wood is said to smell like jam.

 

The jam is used for revegetation projects & as a host for Sandalwood. Normally with an upright habit this uncommon weeping form has been used for street tree planting in drier area of The Eastern States.

Eucalyptus synandra – Jingymia / skirt mallee

 

Small, open, multistemmed mallee to 5m with a pendulous crown of narrow dull green leaves & smooth powdery white-grey, streaked bark. Flowers cream ageing to pink. Declared rare, small populations are found only on a few sites in the Northern Wheatbelt with others in adjacent rangelands. Occurs mainly in shallow, sandy soils of lateritic origin.

 

Useful as an ornamental specimen with open habit, smooth bark, drooping crown & attractive cream to pink skirt like flowers.

Eucalyptus albida – White leaved mallee

 

Named after it's whitish juvenile foliage, this small tree has a dense crown of shiny dark green leaves, smooth powdery white bark, masses of white flowers in summer & grows to 5m.  Growing on white to plae yellow gravelly sands, often in Heathland, the White Leaved Mallee is mainly found in a large region of the Southern Wheatbelt.

 

This hardy, drought tollerant tree is useful in revegetation projects & ornamental plantings. The juvenile foliage used in floral decorations and has been known for eucalyptus oil production earlier in the 1900s.

Eucalyptus crucis subsp crucis – Southern cross silver mallee

 

This mallee grows to 9m but often is smaller. It has rounded, silvery grey green leaves, opposite as a juvenile with a dull grey green adult crown. Bark is brown Minniritchi with a rough grey bark lower to the base. Pale yellow flowers. Found west of Southern Cross and occurs on or near granite outcrops.

 

Grown widely as a Parks & Garden specimen & for cut foliage.

Eucalyptus websteriana – Websters mallee

 

Sometimes a tree to 6m often a shrub,  it has smooth red/brown bark called Minniritchie. The leaves are roundish grey/green & often heart shaped. Flowers are white. Websters Mallee if a great ornamental plant for dry areas.

 

It is an uncommon tree with a restricted occurance mainly in red granite soils near Coolgardie WA & in the McDonald Range Central Australia

Eucalyptus erythocorys – illyarie / Red capped gum

 

A popular ornamental tree & often grown in WA. It only grows to about 6m, often crooked, has large flowers of bright yellow with contrasting bright red bud caps, bark white & smooth.

 

Uncommon and found in sandy limestone derived soils south of Dongara with small occurrences towards Jurien Bay. Red Capped Gum is adaptable to most soil types.

Corymbia ficifola – WA red flowered gum

 

Formally Eucalyptus ficifolia, this popularly grown tree is famous for it's large clusters of bright red flowers. Grown from seed, flowers can be orange, crimson, pink or white. Grafted varieties are now available in nurseries. The red flowered gum can grow to about 8m with a  dense crown of green ficus shaped leaves. Bark is rough & grey.

 

In nature it grows only in a small area of the WA South Coast between Denmark and Walpole in sandy or gravelly soil but is found adaptable to other soils and climates.

Eucalyptus capillosa – Inland wandoo

 

The inland wandoo is often mistaken for Euc.wandoo. It grows to 12m or can be a Mallee to 8m. The bark is smooth, powdery white/grey, a dense crown of grey/green or green to blue leaves. Flowers are creamy- white in summer to autumn. A distinguishing feature is it's furry   juvenile foliage of blue/grey.

 

Found high in the landscape in various soil types from the Central Wheatbelt, through to the Northern Goldfields to the edge of the Great Victoria Desert. A useful drought tolerant tree for revegetation projects on well drained soils.

 Eucalyptus yilgarnensis – Yorrell

 

An attractive hardy drought tolerant mallee, rarely a tree, to 8m. Originally thought to be a hybrid between the York Gum & Morrell, hence it's common name. Has a dense crown of narrow glossy green leaves, branches seasonally change colour from smooth shiny grey to deep reddish bronze, the lower trunk has a stocking of rough scaly grey to about 1-5m. White  flowers in autumn and winter.

The Yorrell grows with a wide distribution in the Eastern Wheatbelt through to the Great Victoria Desert. Found in level areas of brown to red loams, grey brown loamy clays & gravel breakaways & rises. Excellent for revegetation projects.

Eucalyptus salubris – Gimlet

 

This is a striking mallett (no lignotuber) medium to tall tree to 15m. Visually has shiny deep bronze bark often with fluted or twisted stems, a dense crown of dark glossy green leaves & white flowers in summer & autumn. 

Found in large areas of Southern WA, from the Wheatbelt into the Great Victoria Desert, often in heavy deep red loamy soils & growing with Salmon Gums & Morrell trees. The gimlet is often included in revegetation projects & used as specimen shade trees for it's attractive appearance. The timber is hard and durable, a prized construction, furniture and craft wood.  

Eucalyptus oldfieldii – Oldfields mallee

 

Usually a small but wide bushy mallee to 4m. The lower bark is rough, loose & shaggy grey & upper bark is smooth grey to a coppery colour. Leaves a dull green & flowers creamy white in winter to spring.

Found in a wide area from Dowerin in the Wheatbelt, north to Shark Bay then east through the Goldfields to the great Victoria Desert. Usually grows in yellow sandplain, in the Wheatbelt often seen on sandy hilltops.

Excellent for windbreak & screening plantings in sandplain country & profuse annual flowering for birds and honey production.

 Eucalyptus salmonophoia – Salmon gum

 

An iconic, magestic tall wheatbelt tree to 25m. Usually has a single trunk of smooth shiny bark, silvery white to salmon coppery colour and a crown of narrow, glossy green leaves. White flowers in spring and summer.

Found widespread throughout the Wheatbelt & Goldfields to the edge of Nullabor Plain. Can grow on gravelly ridges, in granite sandy loams but more commonly on deep red loamy plains.

The salmon gum is not necessarily  a fast growing tree but long lived and drought tolerant. The wood is sought after, can provide excellent quality honey & useful  in revegetation & landscaping projects.

Eucalyptus kondininensis_kondinin blackbutt/stocking tree

 

A medium tree to 14m or rarely a mallee to 6m with a crown of narrow, glossy leaves & a stocking of black bark to 3m. The upper branches are smooth whitish to cream to brown and carry white flowers in autumn and winter.

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Found in the Southern Wheatbelt usually around the margins of salt lakes. It is a very salt tolerant tree although it doesn't like being waterlogged. It is a useful re-vegetation species

 Eucalyptus kochii subsp Kochii-oil mallee

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A multi-stemmed erect mallee to 8m tall. The bark is grey, rough and fibrous to about halfway, upper branches smooth grey to tan. Leaves are narrow, slightly glossy & pale green to green with many oil glands.

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This species is restricted to the Northern Wheatbelt between Wongan Hills and Morawa in the north. Found on slight slopes to level land in gravelly red loams to pale yellow sandplain.

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Euc kochii subsp Kochii is one of 5 subspecies & are commonly used in plantings for oil production

 Eucalyptus stoatei - Scarlet pear gum

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An attractive small tree to about 6m, has a compact crown of mid green leaves, grey bark & features bright red, ribbed buds, yellow flowers & ribbed fruit. Flowering is intermittent throughout the year.

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The scarlet pear gum has a very restricted occurance in a few places near Jerdacuttup River, south west of Ravensthorpe and grows in sandy loam soils.

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A very useful ornamental tree for garden & street planting. Euc. stoatei has been found to be  very adaptable, drought and frost tolerant. It can also be a useful windbreak tree in sand or loamy soils.

 Eucalyptus preissiana - Bell fruited mallee

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A straggly or spreading shrub to 2m, sometimes taller. Smooth grey bark & wide thick leaves. The buds are large, cone shaped, producing large bright yellow flowers in late winter, early spring. The fruit is woody & bell shaped.

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Found from the Stirling Ranges to near Esperance & grows in poor stony, clayey or laterite soil.

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The bell fruited mallee has been found to be very adaptable, drought & frost tolerant. A useful, attractive garden plant.

E. torquata - Coral gum / Coolgardie gum

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A small tree to 6m, compact crown of dull green leaves & grey roughish bark. It features masses of flowers in late spring & early summer which vary from white, pink to red. The buds are showy too,  corrugated & glossy red/brown.

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The coral gum grows on stony hills in red loamy soil from Coolgardie in the Goldfields south to Norseman.

An adaptable, drought & frost tolerant small shade tree. Grown widely as a street tree & for it's flowers in gardens. A recommended species for under power lines.

 Callistemon phoeniceus - Fiery bottlebrush

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Usually grows to 2m high and 1.5m wide but can grow into a small tree. Leaves are erect, grey-green & often twisted. The bright scarlet red flowers bloom late spring to early summer.

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Found in sandy soils & laterite often along watercourses with a wide distribution from the Murchison - Yalgoo - Esperance - South west corner.

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One of the only two bottlebrushes native to WA. It has been found to be very adaptable, hardy & salt tolerant. The fiery bottlebrush is a useful garden & revegetation species.

E. macrandra - Long flowered marlock

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A dense crowned spreading mallee to 8m often smaller, the leaves are a very shiny green-olive green. Smooth grey-brown bark. Profuse, large clusters of yellow flowers occur in summer.

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Only found in the Southern Wheatbelt in small populations, high in the landscape associated with granite outcrops in river systems.

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An outstanding ornamental tree found to be drought & frost tolerant  while adapting to most soil types. Widely planted in gardens, streets, for honey production & revegetation.

 Eucalyptus forrestiana - Fushia mallee

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Named after Sir John Forrest, explorer & first Premier of Western Australia. A beautiful small malle or tree growing to only 3 or 4m, with smooth grey-brown bark & features pendulous bright red 4 winged buds with yellow flowers in mid summer to autumn.

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Found only in a small area between Salmon Gums & Grass Patch in WA.  Grows in gravelly yellow loam.

A drought and frost resistant plant, widely planted as an ornamental, screen or hedge, admired for it's long lived bright red buds.

 Eucalyptus youngiana - Large fruited mallee

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This tree is often a multi-stemmed mallee from 4 - 10m with dull green leaves, rough flaky bark. The attractive flowers are large, red or yellow & close to the stem. The buds and fruit have prominent ribs.

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The large fruited mallee grows in semi arid areas of red sand North East of Kalgoorlie & similar sights in South Australia.

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An attractive, hardy, drought tolerant tree and windbreak for dry areas.

 Eucalyptus tetraptera - Square fruited mallee / Four winged mallee

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An unusual straggly malle more often a shrub, sometimes called the Australian Rubber Tree with it's large deep green, thick leaves & open habit. The large buds are bright red, producing red flowers in autumn to winter. Bark is smooth & grey.

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Found in Southern Western Australia between the Stirling Ranges & Israelite Bay growing in poor sand.

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Mostly grown as an ornamental & novelty plant. it is drought and frost tolerant.

Eucalyptus grossa - Coarse leafed mallee

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This attractive mallee has dark, thick green oval leaves, red buds & stalks with bright yellow flowers winter & spring. Bark is light grey & rough, with a spreading bushy habit. It can grow to 5m but more often only a shrub of 2m.

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Coarse leafed mallee grows in granite soil but also loam & clays. It has a restricted & scattered distribution from the SE Wheatbelt, throughout the Southern Goldfields to West of Balladonia on the edge of the Nullabor.

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It is a useful screen, hedge or low windbreak in the Wheatbelt. Interestingly, it has no close relatives

Eucalyptus pyriformis - pear fruited mallee

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This mallee has a spreading habit & usually grows 2-4m. Leaves are a dull grey - green, the large showy, pendulous flowers can be pale yellow, yellow, red to scarlet & occur in winter and spring. Fruit is pear shaped & bark smooth grey to brown.

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Can be found growing in whitish to pale yellow sandplain from west of Binnu in the Northern Wheatbelt to near Cunderdin in the Central Wheatbelt. Pear fruited mallee has been found adaptable, often grown as an ornamental and can be used as a windbreak.

 E. pleurocarpa - Silver marlock / tallerack

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A straggly, open, spreading mallee. Very distinctive with it's blue-grey leaves with a white centre vein, white branchlets, buds, fruit & flowers. Flowers in summer, lower branches smooth grey to light brown, this shrubby tree can grow to 6m but usually smaller.

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Grows in grey to white sand with some gravel, found from the Stirling Ranges to east of Esperance & North to Lake King in the Southern Wheatbelt.

A quick growing tree, popular in gardens across Southern Australia, used in floristry & a windbreak species for sandplain soils

 Eucalyptus  caesia - ssp. caesia - Caesia / gungurru

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A small multi- stemmed tree with semi opening crown, slender dull grey-green leaves and minniritchi bark. Branchlets, buds and fruit are powdery white and flowers pink in late autumn & winter. Grows to  about 5-6m, found growing in cracks of granite rocks & adjacent soils on several isolated sites in the central Wheatbelt.

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Often grown in gardens for it's small habit & dainty pink flowers & attractive bark. [Note: It differs from it's close relation  E.caesia ssp Magna (Silver Princess) which has a weeping habit and mainly red flowers]

Eucalyptus recta - Cadoux silver mallet

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This mallet grows to 16m & has a stately appearance with a single straight trunk of smooth silver grey bark, carrying a dense crown of glossy green leaves. Flowers are white in summer.

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Of very restricted occurrence, this form of Silver Mallet is found at Cadoux, in the Wongan Hills & on a site SE of Moora. Grows on laterite breakaways &  adjacent sites high in the landscape with good drainage.

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This tree has not been commonly grown but has potential for shade, avenues & specimen planting in parks etc. [Note:   Mallets only regenerate from seed as opposed to a mallee which also grows from a lignotuber with it's dormant buds]

Eucalyptus megacornuta  - Warted yate

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A rare tree in nature & is found on a site 10klms east of Ravensthorpe in Southern WA growing in granite soil.

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There it can reach 10m with an open crown of dark green leaves but in cultivation it grows into a more dense crowned medium to small shade tree with smooth brown bark & displays masses of yellow flowers after it sheds it's long finger like & warted bud caps. Flowers in spring & early summer.

A tree favoured by apiarists with it's many large flowers. Quick growing & adaptable to many soil types. It is a useful ornamental, shade or windbreak tree.

 Eucalyptus orthostemon - Diverse mallee

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An open to moderately crowned mallee to 6m with narrow glossy olive green leaves & smooth brown to grey bark. Masses of white flowers occur in summer.

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It has a scattered & wide range from Miling in the Northern wheatbelt to Tambellup & Pingrup in the Great Southern. "Diverse mallee" is named after the diverse habitats that it is found in, from the edge of salt lakes & streams to white & grey sandy loam with laterite breakaways.

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This attractive, quick growing species is a recommended ornamental for Wheatbelt plantings & it's waterlogging & drought tolerance makes an excellent revegetation species on a wide range of sites.

  E. loxophleba Subsp loxophleba - York gum

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Grows 7-15m this large mallee has roughish grey bark, shiny smooth brown upper branches carrying a spreading crown of glossy green leaves. Flowers white in early spring to summer.

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Named after York, our first inland town. Although common there it is found throughout the Wheatbelt often lower in the landscape, adapting to grey clays, loams & granite soils on hills.

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Being quick growing, drought, frost & slightly salt tolerant it is ideal for revegetation & shade on farms. The wood is durable & resists cracking so hightly sort after for furniture production.

Euc spathulata  Ssp spathulata - Swamp mallet

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This attractive medium sized tree has shiny bronze bark & a dense crown of narrow, lustrous blue/green leaves, white flowers, usually  in winter & is salt tollerant. "Mallets" grow from seed only & have no lignotuber that re-shoots after fire. It is often planted as an ornamental shade tree & used in revegetation projects in  communsalt affected soils. Swamp mallets can be found along drainage lines & around salt lakes in the Southern Wheatbelt, mainly growing in heavy clay soils & loams but adapts to most soil types.

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Planted in memory of Irene (Rene) Hooper. Rene spent a lifetime involved in community service from local groups to being the National President of the Country Womens Assoc.  The Swamp mallet can be found at Lake Grace where her family originally came from.

 Eucalyptus gardneri - Blue mallet

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A hardy medium sized slender tree but grows bushy given space. Yellow flowers from autumn to spring, it has brown & flaky bark & a dense crown of distinctive blue foliage. An adaptable tree for shade & revegetation projects.

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It naturally grows in gravelly & sandy gravel soils throughout the Central & Southern Wheatbelt. Historically blue and brown mallet bark was stripped and exported to Germany for their high tannin content which is used in the tanning industry. These trees put tannin in the surrounding soil inhibiting other plants eventually leaving a pure stand less prone to fires which they cannot re-grow from. Mallets only regenerate from seed

 Euc eudesmioides - Malallie/Kalbarri mallee

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This small wide, bushy mallee usually grows to only 3 metres, bark is smooth & brown with attractive bluish juvenille leaves & green adult leaves, flowers white from summer to autumn. Interestingly the stamens are in bundles of four, this is regarded as a primitive feature within the development of the eucalyptus genus. Euc erythocory is a related species.

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The Malallie is a useful low windbreak and screen tree. Excellent in sandy soils.

There are some trees in Wongan Hills but mainly in the Northern Wheatbelt, across to the coast and up and around Kalbarri.

Eucalyptus kruseana - Bookleaf mallee

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A beautiful but straggly small tree to 3 metres, brown bark, round, blue / grey leaves, bottlebrush clusters of yellow flowers in winter. Responds to pruning & drought tolerant. 

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It is often used as an ornamental feature plant & for cut foliage, fresh and dried. It is widely grown around the world in the cut flower industry.

The Bookleaf mallee is found in granite soils around rocks east to south-east of Kalgoorlie in the Goldfields.

Hakea francissiana - Grass leafed hakea / Bottlebrush hakea

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A large bushy shrub or small tree with narrow leaves to around 4 metres, prolific clusters of large raspberry to deep pink flower spikes, sometimes cream (cream form formally H coriacea)

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This outstanding ornamental attracts many birds, an important addition to any garden or re-vegetation project.

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It grows well in most soils & found on sandy sites throughout the Wheatbelt.

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Acacia microbotrya - Manna gum

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Usually grows 3-4 metres & has pale yellow ball flowers in spring. A quick growing small tree it is a useful ornamental & a reliable addition for revegetation projects. The seed is hard and must be scarified to allow germination.

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Found throught most of the Wheatbelt. The name "manna" refers to the gum or sap often seen oozing from the bark. It is edible but tasteless & historically collected and sold as a gum base for the food industry, it generated useful income in early pioneering days. Occurs naturally on this site.

Santalum spicatum - Sandalwood

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A straggly shrub or small tree to 4 metres with tiny scented flowers producing edible nuts. Sandalwood is sought after for its oil content & used in religious rites, incense, medicine and cosmetics.

A parasitic plant, it usually grows with a nitrogen fixing plant such as Acacia microbotrya & Acacia acuminata. It usually grows in loam soils & among rocks in woodland & shrubland across Southern WA & SA. Slow growing, with a crop rotation of at least 80 years its harvest is highly regulated to avoid extinction in the wild. Plantations can now be found in the Wheatbelt.

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An important export in the early days of European settlement. Sandalwood pullers were responsible for exploring and creating many of the first tracks in WA. Occurs naturally on this site.

Santalum Acuminatum - Quandong / Native peach

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A bushy parasitic shrub or small tree, yellowish green leaves, small yellowish flowers bearing shiny red, round fleshy fruit.

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Found in drier areas across Southern Australia in many soil type and uses many plant species as a host.

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There are some commercial plantings in Australia now with fruit being used in jams, jellies, chutneys and pies.

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Occurs naturally on this site.

Hakea recurva - Jarnockmert

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An upright bushy shrub to 3 metres sometimes taller with a tree like habit. Leaves are curved to straight & dangerously pointed & needle like. Flowers cream / yellow in June to September.

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Found in many soil types throughout the Wheatbelt, Goldfields and Murchison region.

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A useful habitat plant, too spikey to be planted by pathways, traffic areas etc.

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Occurs naturally on this site.

Casuarina obesa - Swamp sheoak

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Height can vary from 1.5 m - 10 metres, flowers any time of the year with male and female flowers on separate plants. Pine like leaves.

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Grows in a wide range of soils from sand to clay. Often in salt affected and waterlogged soils along streams and around salt lakes throughout WA's South West, Goldflields and occasionally as far north as The Pilbara.

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The Swamp Sheoak is widely planted in reveetation projects.

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Occurs naturally on this site.

Leptospermum erubescens - Wheatbelt teatree (pink form)

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Although a shrub it was thought appropriate to be included here for your interest, occurring naturally on this site.

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Mostly grows to 2-3 metres with dull green leaves. The classic teatree flowers are usually white but can vary to pink.

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Found in many soil types & common throughout the South West of WA.

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It is a useful plant for rehabilitation projects. Selected forms would be worthy of cultivation for domestic gardens and landscaping.