Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A phylogeny of Cariniana (Lecythidaceae) based on morphological and anatomical data

  • Published:
Brittonia Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Cariniana as previously circumscribed is a genus of 16 species restricted to neotropical forest habitats on well-drained sites. A phylogenetic analysis of the genus based on 33 morphological and anatomical characters was undertaken. The results show that Cariniana consists of two clades: the Allantoma/Cariniana decandra clade includes Allantoma lineata and seven species of actinomorphic-flowered Cariniana and is characterized by 5-merous flowers, carnose petals, incurved petal apex, scarcely lobed calyces, eucamptodromous secondary veins, dichotomizing venation, and poorly developed areolation; the C. legalis clade is made up of nine species and is characterized by an obliquely zygomorphic androecium, reticulate tertiary venation, and anomocytic stomata. The actinomorphic-flowered Cariniana are more closely related to the monotypic Allantoma lineata than they are to the species of the C. legalis clade. In order to reflect these relationships, Cariniana is divided into two genera: species in the C. legalis clade, which includes the generic type C. legalis, remain as Cariniana while species of Cariniana in the Allantoma/Cariniana decandra clade are transferred to Allantoma. The following new combinations are proposed: Allantoma decandra, A. integrifolia, A. kuhlmannii, A. pluriflora (a nomen novum for Cariniana multiflora because Allantoma multiflora is a synonym of Couratari multiflora), A. pachyantha, A. pauciramosa, and A. uaupensis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

Literature Cited

  • Bentham, G. & W. J. Hooker. 1865. Myrtaceae. Tribus IV. Lecythideae. Genera Plantarum 1: 720–725.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berg, O. C. 1856. Barringtonieae and Lecythidaceae. Revisio Myrtacearum Americae. Linnaea 27: 441–461.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ducke, A. 1925. Plantes nouvelles ou peu connues de la region Amazonienne (III Partie). Lecythidaceae. Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 4: 151–156.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 1948. Árvores Amazônica e sua propagação. Bol. Mus. Paraense Hist. Nat. 10: 81–92.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eyma, P. J. 1932. The Polygonaceae, Guttiferae and Lecythidaceae of Surinam. Lecythidaceae pp. 53–64. J. H. de Bussy, Amsterdam.

  • Goloboff, P. A. 1993. Nona 2.0. http://www.cladistics.com/aboutNona.htm.

  • Hickey, L. J. 1973. Classification of the architecture of dicotyledonous leaves. Amer. J. Bot. 60: 17–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huber, J. 1902. Lecythidaceae. In: Materiaes para a flora Amazônica. Bol. Mus. Paraense Hist. Nat. 3: 438–440.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knudsen, J. T. & S. A. Mori. 1996. Floral scents and pollination in Neotropical Lecythidaceae. Biotropica 28: 42–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Knuth, R. 1939. Lecythidaceae. In: Engler, Pflanzenreich VI.219a: 1–146.

  • Miers, J. 1874. On the Lecythidaceae. Trans. Linn. Soc. London 30: 157–318.

    Google Scholar 

  • MLA (Leaf Architecture Working Group). 1999. Manual of leaf architecture – morphological description and categorization of dicotyledonous and net-veined monocotyledonous angiosperms. http://www.peabody.yale.edu/collections/pb/MLA.pdf.

  • Mori, S. A. 1979a. Gustavia. In: G. T. Prance & S. A. Mori, Lecythidaceae – Part I. The actinomorphic-flowered New World Lecythidaceae (Asteranthos, Gustavia, Grias, Allantoma, & Cariniana). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 21: 128–197.

  • ———. 1979b. Grias. In: G. T. Prance & S. A. Mori, Lecythidaceae – Part I. The actinomorphic-flowered New World Lecythidaceae (Asteranthos, Gustavia, Grias, Allantoma, & Cariniana). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 21: 197–209.

  • ——— & J. E. Orchard. 1980. Intrafloral pollen differentiation in the New World Lecythidaceae, subfamily Lecythidoideae. Science 209: 400–403.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 1995. Observações sobre as espécies de Lecythidaceae do leste to Brazil. Bol. Bot. Univ. S. Paulo 14: 1–31.

    Google Scholar 

  • ——— & J. D. Boeke. 1987. Chapter XII. Pollination. The Lecythidaceae of a lowland Neotropical forest: La Fumée Mountain, French Guiana. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 44: 137–155.

    Google Scholar 

  • ——— & N. Lepsch-Cunha. 1995. The Lecythidaceae of a central Amazonian moist forest. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 75: 3–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • ——— & G. T. Prance. 1990. Lecythidaceae – Part II. The zygomorphic-flowered New World genera (Couroupita, Corythophora, Bertholletia, Couratari, Eschweilera, & Lecythis). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 21: 1–376.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———,——— &. A. B. Bolten. 1978. Additional notes on the floral biology of Neotropical Lecythidaceae. Brittonia 30: 113–130.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ——— C.-H. Tsou, C.-C. Wu, B. Cronholm & A. A. Anderberg. 2007. Evolution of Lecythidaceae with an emphasis on the circumscription of neotropical genera. Information from combined ndhf and trnl-f sequence data. Amer. J. Bot. 94:289–301

  • Nixon, K. C. 1999. WinClada ver. 1.00.08. http://www.cladistics.com/about_winc.htm.

  • O’Dowd, D. J. & R. W. Pemberton. 1998. Leaf domatia and foliar mite abundance in broadleaf deciduous forest of north Asia. Amer. J. Bot. 85: 70–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pemberton, R. W. & C. E. Turner. 1989. Occurrence of predatory and fungivorous mites in leaf domatia. Amer. J. Bot. 76: 105–112.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prance, G. T. 1979a. Allantoma. In: G. T. Prance & S. A. Mori, Lecythidaceae — Part I. The actinomorphic-flowered New World Lecythidaceae (Asteranthos, Gustavia, Grias, Allantoma, & Cariniana. Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 21: 209–218.

  • ———. 1979b. Cariniana. In: G. T. Prance & S. A. Mori, Lecythidaceae — Part I. The actinomorphic-flowered New World Lecythidaceae (Asteranthos, Gustavia, Grias, Allantoma, & Cariniana). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 21: 218–244.

  • ——— & S. A. Mori. 1979. Lecythidaceae- Part I. The actinomorphic-flowered New World Lecythidaceae (Asteranthos, Gustavia, Grias, Allantoma & Cariniana). Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 21: 1–270.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rozario, S. A. 1995. Association between mites and leaf domatia: evidence from Bangladesh, South Asia. J. Trop. Ecol. 11: 99–108.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sprague, T. A. 1932. The type species of Allantoma. J. Bot. 70: 231–233

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsou, C.-H. & S. A. Mori. 2002. Seed coat anatomy and its relationship to seed dispersal in subfamily Lecythidoideae of the Lecythidaceae (The Brazil nut family). Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 43: 37–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walter, D. E. & D. J. O’ Dowd. 1992. Leaves with domatia have more mites. Ecology 73: 1514–1518.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We thank Dominick Basile and Mike Baxter for teaching techniques used in studying plant anatomy and electron microscopy to the first author, respectively; Larry Kelly and Fabian Michelangeli for sharing their knowledge of phylogenetic analyses; Douglas Daly for his aid in selecting and understanding leaf venation characters; Lisa Campbell for her assistance in the anatomy lab; Chih-Hua Tsou for advice and comments during the course of this study; and several staff members of the Missouri Botanical Garden for their help during herbarium work there. We also thank Walter Judd and one anonymous reviewer for reviewing our manuscript. Financial support was provided by The New York Botanical Garden, Lehman College/City University of New York, and the Beneficia Foundation.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The New York Botanical Garden/The City University of New York, Bronx, New York, NY, 10458–5126, USA

    Ya-Yi Huang

  2. Institute of Systematic Botany, The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York, NY, 10458–5126, USA

    Scott A. Mori

  3. The Old Vicarage, Silver Street, Lyme Regis, Dorset, UK

    Ghillean T. Prance

Authors
  1. Ya-Yi Huang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Scott A. Mori
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ghillean T. Prance
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ya-Yi Huang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Huang, YY., Mori, S.A. & Prance, G.T. A phylogeny of Cariniana (Lecythidaceae) based on morphological and anatomical data. Brittonia 60, 69–81 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12228-008-9014-3

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12228-008-9014-3

Key Words

Search

Navigation