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Placement of Kuhlmanniodendron Fiaschi & Groppo in Lindackerieae (Achariaceae, Malpighiales) confirmed by analyses of rbcL sequences, with notes on pollen morphology and wood anatomy

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Abstract

The phylogenetic placement of Kuhlmanniodendron Fiaschi & Groppo (Achariaceae) within Malpighiales was investigated with rbcL sequence data. This genus was recently created to accommodate Carpotroche apterocarpa Kuhlm., a poorly known species from the rainforests of Espírito Santo, Brazil. One rbcL sequence was obtained from Kuhlmanniodendron and analyzed with 73 additional sequences from Malpighiales, and 8 from two closer orders, Oxalidales and Celastrales, all of which were available at Genbank. Phylogenetic analyses were carried out with maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference; bootstrap analyses were used in maximum parsimony to evaluate branch support. The results confirmed the placement of Kuhlmanniodendron together with Camptostylus, Lindackeria, Xylotheca, and Caloncoba in a strongly supported clade (posterior probability = 0.99) that corresponds with the tribe Lindackerieae of Achariaceae (Malpighiales). Kuhlmanniodendron also does not appear to be closely related to Oncoba (Salicaceae), an African genus with similar floral and fruit morphology that has been traditionally placed among cyanogenic Flacourtiaceae (now Achariaceae). A picrosodic paper test was performed in herbarium dry leaves, and the presence of cyanogenic glycosides, a class of compounds usually found in Achariaceae, was detected. Pollen morphology and wood anatomy of Kuhlmanniodendron were also investigated, but both pollen (3-colporate and microreticulate) and wood, with solitary to multiple vessels, scalariform perforation plates and other features, do not seem to be useful to distinguish this genus from other members of the Achariaceae and are rather common among the eudicotyledons as a whole. However, perforated ray cells with scalariform plates, an uncommon wood character, present in Kuhlmanniodendron are similar to those found in Kiggelaria africana (Pangieae, Achariaceae), but the occurrence of such cells is not mapped among the angiosperms, and it is not clear how homoplastic this character could be.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Dr. Peter K. Endress and two anonymous reviewers for their critical reading of the manuscript and important suggestions to improve it. The first author would like to thank FAPESP (processes # 2000/07401-0 and 2006/03170-0) and USP-ProIP program for financial support and José Ricardo Barosella for his technical guidance with the tests to detect cyanogenic glycosides. P.F. is grateful to CNPq (GDE # 200682/2006-7) and the Integrative Life Sciences program from Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) for financial support. F.A.R.S. thanks FAPESB and CNPq for financial support and a grant. Phylogenetic analyses were made possible by grants from Carl Tryggers Stiftelse and Helge Axson Johnsons Stiftelse to A.A.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Christiano Franco Verola

    Present address: Departamento de Botânica e Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa s.n., Coxipó do Ouro, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, 78060-900, Brazil

  2. Alexandre Antonelli

    Present address: Institute of Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14051-901, Brazil

    Milton Groppo

  2. Virginia Commonwealth University, 1000 West Cary Street, Richmond, VA, 23284-2012, USA

    Pedro Fiaschi

  3. Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil

    Maria Luiza Faria Salatino & Gregório Cardoso Tápias Ceccantini

  4. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Av. Transnordestina s.n., Novo Horizonte, Feira de Santana, Bahia, 44036-900, Brazil

    Francisco de Assis Ribeiro dos Santos

  5. Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas Cidade Universitária, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo, 13085-970, Brazil

    Christiano Franco Verola

  6. Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Carl Skottsbergs gata 22B, PO Box 461, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden

    Alexandre Antonelli

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Appendix

Appendix

Vouchers and literature citations or database accession numbers for taxa included in this study. Family (in bold), Genbank accession number, reference or source.

Achariaceae. Acharia tragodes Thunb. AJ418795, Chase et al. (2002); Caloncoba lophocarpa Gilg AJ418796, Chase et al. (2002); Camptostylus mannii Gilg AJ418797, Chase et al. (2002); Ceratosicyos laevis A.Meeuse AB233841, Tokuoka and Tobe (2006); Dasylepis brevipedicellata Chipp AB233842, Tokuoka and Tobe (2006); Erythrospermum phytolaccoides Gardner AJ418798, Chase et al. (2002); Guthriea capensis Bolus AJ402965, Savolainen et al. (2000b); Gynocardia odorata R.Br. AJ402957, Savolainen et al. (2000b); Hydnocarpus heterophylla Blume AJ418799, Chase et al. (2002); Hydnocarpus sp. AF206783, Soltis et al. (2000); Kiggelaria africana L. AF206786, Soltis et al. (2000); Kuhlmanniodendron apterocarpum (Kulhm.) Fiaschi and Groppo GU929701, this paper, Fiaschi et al. 2000 (Herbarium CEPEC), Lindackeria sp. AJ418800, Chase et al. (2002); Pangium edule Reinw. AJ418801, Chase et al. (2002); Ryparosa javanica (Blume) Kurz ex Koord. & Valeton AJ418802, Chase et al. (2002); Xylotheca kraussiana Hochst. AJ418803, Chase et al. (2002). Celastraceae. Brexia madagascariensis Thouars ex Ker.-Gawl. L11176, Morgan and Soltis (1993); Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold L13184, Chase et al. (1993); Parnassia fimbriata K.D.Koenig L01939, Soltis et al. (1990); Plagiopteron suaveolens Griff. AJ235787, Savolainen et al. (2000a); Salacia undulata Cambess. AJ402998, Savolainen et al. (2000b). Centroplacaceae. Centroplacus glaucinus Pierre AY663646, Wurdack et al. (2005). Clusiaceae. Clusia gundlachi Stahl Z75673, Fay et al. (1997); Ctenolophonaceae. Ctenolophon englerianus Mildbr. AJ402940, Savolainen et al. (2000b). Euphorbiaceae. Blumeodendron tokbrai Kurz ex J.J.Sm. AJ418805, Chase et al. (2002); Elateriospermum tapos Blume AY794873, Wurdack et al. (2005); Klaineanthus gaboniae Pierre ex Prain AY794869, Wurdack et al. (2005); Manihot esculenta Crantz AB233880, Tokuoka and Tobe (2006); Manihot grahamii Hook. AY794875, Wurdack et al. (2005); Maprounea guianensis Aubl. AJ418810, Chase et al. (2002); Moultonianthus leembruggianus (Boerl. & Kourd.) Steenis AY794982, Wurdack et al. (2005); Pogonophora schomburgkiana Miers ex Benth. AY88185, Davis et al. (2005); Suregada boiviniana Baill. AY88189, Davis et al. (2005); Syndyophyllum occidentale (Airy Shaw) Welzen AY794967, Wurdack et al. (2005); Thyrsanthera suborbicularis Pierre ex Gagnep. AY794984, Wurdack et al. (2005). Goupiaceae. Goupia glabra Aubl. AJ235780 Savolainen et al. (2000a). Humiriaceae. Humiria balsamifera Aubl. AB233889, Tokuoka and Tobe (2006); Saccoglottis sp. AB233890 Tokuoka and Tobe (2006); Vantanea guianensis Aubl. Z75679, Fay et al. (1997). Hypericaceae. Hypericum empetrifolium Willd. AF206779, Soltis et al. (2000). Lacistemataceae. Lacistema aggregatum Rusby AF206787, Soltis et al. (2000); Lozania pittieri L.B.Sm., AJ418804, Chase et al. (2002). Lepidobotryaceae. Ruptiliocarpon caracolito Hammel & N.Zamora AJ402997, Savolainen et al. (2000b). Malpighiaceae. Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) Kunth L01892, Albert et al. (1992); Malpighia glabra L. AB233900, Tokuoka and Tobe (2006). Ochnaceae. Ochna serrulata Walp. Z75273, Chase et al. (1993); Ouratea duparquetiana Baill. Z75684, Fay et al. (1997). Oxalidaceae. Averrhoa carambola L. L14692, Price and Palmer (1993); Oxalis acetosella L. FJ670181, Wurdack and Davis (2009). Passifloraceae. Passiflora quadrangularis (Baill.) H.Perrier AF206802, Soltis et al. (2000); Turnera ulmifolia L. Z75691, Fay et al. (1997). Phyllanthaceae. Margaritaria tetracocca (Baill.) G.L.Webster Z75675, Fay et al. (1997); Phyllanthus liebmannianus Müll.Arg. Z75676, Fay et al. (1997). Rhizophoraceae. Blepharistemma membranifolium (Miq.) Ding Hou AF006761, Setoguchi et al. (1999); Bruguiera gymnorhiza (L.) Savigny AB233927, Tokuoka and Tobe (2006); Cassipourea ceylanica Alston AF127674, Schwarzbach and Ricklefs (2000); Cassipourea elliptica (Sw.) Poir. AF127672, Schwarzbach and Ricklefs (2000); Cassipourea guianensis Aubl. AF127673, Schwarzbach and Ricklefs (2000); Dactylopetalum ellipticifolium Arénes AF129129, Setoguchi et al. (1999); Erythroxylum confusum Britton L13183, Chase et al. (1993); Macarisia emarginata Scott-Elliot AF129130, Setoguchi et al. 1999; Sterigmapetalum guianense Steyerm. AF127671, Schwarzbach and Ricklefs (2000). Salicaceae. Abatia parviflora Ruiz & Pav. AF206726, Soltis et al. (2000); Azara celastrina D.Don AJ418820, Chase et al. (2002); Banara guianensis Aubl. AJ402923, Savolainen et al. (2000b); Bennettiodendron leprosipes (Clos) Merr. AJ418821, Chase et al. (2002); Casearia sylvestris Sw. AF206746, Soltis et al. (2000); Dovyalis rhamnoides (Burch. Ex DC.) Burch. Ex Harv. & Sond. Z75677, Fay et al. (1997); Flacourtia indica (Burm.f.) Merr. AB233933, Tokuoka and Tobe (2006); Flacourtia jangomas Ateud. AF206768, Soltis et al. (2000); Lunania parviflora Spruce ex Benth. AB233936, Tokuoka and Tobe (2006); Oncoba spinosa Forssk. AJ418823, Chase et al. (2002); Pleuranthodendron lindenii (Turcz.) Sleumer AJ418832, Chase et al. (2002); Populus deltoides Marshall AJ418829, Chase et al. (2002); Prockia crucis L. AJ418831, Chase et al. (2002); Scolopia spinosa Warb. AJ418833, Chase et al. (2002); Xylosma buxifolium A.Gray AJ418834, Chase et al. (2002), Xylosma congesta (Lour.) Merr. AB233938, Tokuoka and Tobe (2006). Violaceae. Hymenanthera alpina Oliv. Z75692, Fay et al. (1997); Leonia glycycarpa Z75693, Fay et al. (1997); Viola sororia Willd. L11674; Olmstead et al. (1992).

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Groppo, M., Fiaschi, P., Salatino, M.L.F. et al. Placement of Kuhlmanniodendron Fiaschi & Groppo in Lindackerieae (Achariaceae, Malpighiales) confirmed by analyses of rbcL sequences, with notes on pollen morphology and wood anatomy. Plant Syst Evol 286, 27–37 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-010-0276-3

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