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Acaricidal activity of essential oils from five endemic conifers of New Caledonia on the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus

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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to demonstrate acaricidal activity on the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus of essential oils from endemic conifers of New Caledonia in the context of the development of natural alternatives. Acaricidal activity of essential oils extracted from resin and heartwood of five endemic conifers of New Caledonia (Araucaria columnaris, Agathis moorei, Agathis ovata, Callitris sulcata, and Neocallitropsis pancheri) was evaluated on 14- to 21-day-old Rhipicephalus microplus tick larvae using the Larval Packal Test bioassay. A first screening with 5 % dilute solution was carried out and the oils with 100 % of mortality at this rate were diluted until no activity was shown. The heartwood oils of the two Cupressaceae were the most active with LC50 value of 0.65 % for C. sulcata and 0.55 % for N. pancheri while resin oil of A. columnaris (LC50 = 1.62 %) was the most active of the Araucariaceae family. Negative control (ethanol) was not toxic to the larvae. The chemical composition of essential oil from resin of A. columnaris was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The essential oil was characterized by high level of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated sesquiterpenes and was composed mainly of aromadendrene (23.1 %) and bicyclogermacrene (16.0 %). In order to compare different plant resources in a sustainable program of natural acaricide, an “essential oil efficiency EOE” can be measured as the ratio between the yield of extraction and LC50 value. This study shows that A. columnaris (EOE = 2.36) and N. pancheri (EOE = 3.51) could provide valuable and effective natural acaricides for control of the cattle tick R. microplus.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Anowo Ltd for providing nylon paper and the Herbarium NOU for confirmation of voucher specimen identifications.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire Insulaire du Vivant et de l’Environnement (LIVE), Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, EA 4243, BP R4, 98851, Nouméa Cedex, New Caledonia

    Nicolas Lebouvier, Edouard Hnawia, Leïla Lesaffre & Mohammed Nour

  2. Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Institut Agronomique néo-Calédonien, BP 73, 98890, Païta, New Caledonia

    Thomas Hue

  3. Equipe Glycochimie, IBMM-UMR, 5247 CNRS-UM1-UM2, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, 34093, Montpellier Cedex 5, France

    Chantal Menut

Authors
  1. Nicolas Lebouvier
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  2. Thomas Hue
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  3. Edouard Hnawia
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  4. Leïla Lesaffre
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  5. Chantal Menut
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  6. Mohammed Nour
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Correspondence to Nicolas Lebouvier.

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Lebouvier, N., Hue, T., Hnawia, E. et al. Acaricidal activity of essential oils from five endemic conifers of New Caledonia on the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus . Parasitol Res 112, 1379–1384 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-012-3268-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-012-3268-0

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