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Schizaphis rotundiventrisOil palm aphidOn this page: Identification & Distribution Other aphids on the same host Damage & ControlIdentification & DistributionAdult Schizaphis rotundiventris apterae on the primary host (Pyrus) (not pictured) are greyish or blackish, dusted with white wax, with black siphunculi and cauda. Feeding by fundatrices on developing leaves of Pyrus communis in early spring prevents them from unfolding, and causes the edges of the leaves to stick together, forming a slightly inflated pod-shaped pseudogall. Secondary rhinaria on the emigrant alatae are distributed 8-11 on antennal segment III, 1-5 on segment IV. Adult apterae of Schizaphis rotundiventris on the secondary host (Cyperus) (see aphid top right in first picture below) are small, dark green to almost black with a reddish-brown areas around the bases of the siphunculi. Antennae are entirely dark except for the base of segment III (cf. Aphis gossypii, which has segments III & IV mainly pale). The body is 1.2 times as long as the antennae, and more than 4-5 times as long as the siphunculi. The terminal process is 4-6 times as long as the base of the last antennal segment. The longest hairs on the hind femora are shorter than the trochantro-femoral suture. The siphunculi are black, 2.2-3.3 times as long as cauda. Adult Schizaphis rotundiventris apterae have a body length of 1.2-1.7 mm.
Images above by permission, copyright Sunil Joshi & Poorani, J. Aphids of Karnataka (accessed 12/2/20). Schizaphis rotundiventris alatae arising from secondary hosts have secondary rhinaria distributed III 6-18, IV 0-10, V 0-5. The wings have only a one-branched media vein. Immature apterae (see first picture below) and immature alatae (see second picture below) are very similar in appearance to the adult apterae.
Images above by permission, copyright Sunil Joshi & Poorani, J. Aphids of Karnataka (accessed 12/2/20). The primary host of Schizaphis rotundiventris in its native area (Indian subcontinent) is pear (Pyrus). The main secondary hosts are sedges (Cyperus spp.), although it has also been found feeding in young unfolding leaves of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis), and there are also records from grasses (Poaceae) and other monocots (Acorus, Typha). It does not seem to be regarded as an important pest of either pear or oil palm. Schizaphis rotundiventris is native to northern India, Pakistan and Nepal, where the life cycle is holocyclic. Eggs hatch in February-March, and alatae migrate in May to secondary hosts. Gynoparae and alate males return to pear in early December or earlier, and oviparae lay eggs in late December-January. Presumed anholocyclic populations on Cyperus and other monocots are recorded from southern Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Mauritius, east and south-east Asia, Australia, New Zealand, Hawaii, New Caledonia, south-eastern USA and Costa Rica. Other aphids on the same hostSchizaphis rotundiventris has been found on 2 Pyrus species (Pyrus communis, Pyrus pashia).
Schizaphis rotundiventris has been found on 13 Cyperus species (Cyperus alopecuroides, Cyperus badius, Cyperus cylindristachyus, Cyperus cyperoides, Cyperus elatus, Cyperus esculentus, Cyperus exaltatus, Cyperus longus, Cyperus pagrus?, Cyperus papyrus, Cyperus pilosus, Cyperus rigidifolius, Cyperus rotundus).
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