Flowering class: Dicot
Habit: Climber
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Aganosma affinis (Roem. & Schult.) G.Don |
| synonym | Apocynum crassifolium Salisb. |
| synonym | Apocynum frutescens L. |
| synonym | Beluttakaka malabarica (Lam.) Kuntze |
| synonym | Carruthersia daronensis Elmer |
| synonym | Chonemorpha bantamensis G. Don |
| synonym | Chonemorpha malabarica (Lam.) G.Don |
| synonym | Echites affinis Roem. & Schult. |
| synonym | Echites bantamensis Bl. |
| synonym | Echites caryophyllatus Roth |
| synonym | Echites caudatus Blanco |
| synonym | Echites ferrugineus Thunb. |
| synonym | Echites frutescens (L.) Roxb. |
| synonym | Echites malabaricus Lam. |
| synonym | Echites trichonema Zipp. ex Span. |
| synonym | Gardenia sinensis Lour. ex B.A.Gomes |
| synonym | Gardenia volubilis Lour. |
| synonym | Ichnocarpus affinis (Roem. & Schult.) K.Schum. |
| synonym | Ichnocarpus bantamensis (Bl.) Miq. |
| synonym | Ichnocarpus dasycalyx Miq. |
| synonym | Ichnocarpus frutescens var. leptodictyus (F.Muell.) Domin |
| synonym | Ichnocarpus frutescens var. ovatifolius (A.DC.) Deb |
| synonym | Ichnocarpus frutescens var. parvifolia Hook.f. |
| synonym | Ichnocarpus frutescens var. pubescens Kurz |
| synonym | Ichnocarpus leptodictyus F.Muell. |
| synonym | Ichnocarpus microcalyx Pitard |
| synonym | Ichnocarpus moluccanus Miq. |
| synonym | Ichnocarpus navesii Rolfe |
| synonym | Ichnocarpus ovatifolius A. DC. |
| synonym | Ichnocarpus oxypetalus Pitard |
| synonym | Ichnocarpus sogerensis Wernham ex S. Moore |
| synonym | Ichnocarpus volubilis (Lour.) Merr. |
| synonym | Micrechites sinensis Markgr. |
| synonym | Quirivelia bantamensis (Bl.) F.N.Williams |
| synonym | Quirivelia frutescens (L.) M.R. Almeida & S.M. Almeida |
| synonym | Quirivelia zeylanica Poir. |
| synonym | Springia indica Heurck & Müll. Arg. |
| synonym | Tabernaemontana parviflora Poir. |
| synonym | Thyrsanthus parviflorus (Poir.) Miers |
🗒 Common Names
| English |
|
| Irula |
|
| Malayalam |
|
| Other |
|
| Tamil |
|
📚 Overview
Description
Habit: Climber
G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
| Attributions | G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Habit: A much branched, extensive climber, to 20m.
Keystone Foundation
| Attributions | Keystone Foundation |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Climbers, branchlets brown-tomentose. Leaves 4-6 x 3 cm, ovate, apex obtusely acute, base rounded, nerves 5 pairs, brown-pubescent below; petiole to 5 mm long. Flowers 3.5 mm long, in terminal or axillary panicled cymes; pedicels 3 mm long; calyx 1 mm long, lobes ovate, acute, pubescent; corolla white, salver shaped, contracted at mouth, tube 2 mm long, hairy inside, throat densely white-villous, lobes twisted, oblong, acuminate; stamens included, anthers deeply sagitate at base, apiculate at apex; carpels free, stigma columnar. Mericarps follicular, to 15 cm long, slender, rusty puberulus; seeds many, compressed, crowned with long silky coma.
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
| Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
📚 Natural History
Morphology
Growth Form
Climber
Flower
In axillary or terminal paniculate cymes; cream. Flowering from November-February and August-October.
Fruit
A paired, cylindric follicular mericarp; seeds many, basally furrowed, apex covered by silky coma. Fruiting throughout the year.
Field tips
Tender parts rusty pubescent. Latex milky.
Leaf Arrangement
Opposite
Leaf Type
Simple
Leaf Shape
Oblong or elliptic-ovate
Leaf Apex
Obtuse-apiculate
Leaf Base
Acute-attenuate
Leaf Margin
Entire
Keystone Foundation
| Attributions | Keystone Foundation |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Miscellaneous Details
Notes: Dry Evergreen to Dry Deciduous Forests
G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
| Attributions | G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
General Habitat
Moist and dry deciduous forests, also in the plains
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
| Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Description
Global Distribution
Indo-Malesia and Australia
Indian distribution
State - Kerala, District/s: All Districts
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
| Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Maharashtra: Ratnagiri
Karnataka: Belgaum, Chikmagalur, Coorg, Dharwar, Hassan, Mysore, N. Kanara, Shimoga, S. Kanara
Kerala: All districts
Tamil Nadu: All districts
G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
| Attributions | G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Common in the deciduous slopes, scrub jungles from plains to 750m. India, Sri Lanka through S.E.Asia to Australia.
Keystone Foundation
| Attributions | Keystone Foundation |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Global Distribution
India: Assam, Kerala, Meghalaya, Uttar Pradesh
Local Distribution
Barak Valley, Goalpara, Kamrup, Nagaon, Sivasagar
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
📚 Uses and Management
Uses
Medicinal
Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
| Attributions | Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
The roots are used for their medicinal properties.
Keystone Foundation
| Attributions | Keystone Foundation |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Information Listing
References
- Ichnocarpus frutescens (L.) R. Br. in Ait.f., Hort. Kew. (ed. 2) 2: 69. 1811; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 3: 669. 1882; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 820(577). 1923; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 162. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 254. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 228. 1985; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 278. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 241. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 417. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 281. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 292. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 215. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 9. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 280. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 203. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 414. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 243. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 189. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 439. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 311. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 424. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 521. 2009.
- Apocynum frutescens L., Sp. Pl. 213. 1753.
- Flora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. II, 1987
Information Listing > References
- Ichnocarpus frutescens (L.) R. Br. in Ait.f., Hort. Kew. (ed. 2) 2: 69. 1811; Hook. f., Fl. Brit. India 3: 669. 1882; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 820(577). 1923; Manilal & Sivar., Fl. Calicut 162. 1982; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 254. 1984; Ansari, Fl. Kasaragod Div. 228. 1985; Ramach. & V.J. Nair, Fl. Cannanore Dist. 278. 1988; Antony, Syst. Stud. Fl. Kottayam Dist. 241. 1989; Babu, Fl. Malappuram Dist. 417. 1990; Vajr., Fl. Palghat Dist. 281. 1990; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 292. 1994; Subram., Fl. Thenmala Div. 215. 1995; Sasidh. et al., Bot. Stud. Med. Pl. Kerala 9. 1996; Sasidh. & Sivar., Fl. Pl. Thrissur For. 280. 1996; Sasidh., Fl. Shenduruny WLS 203. 1997; Sivar. & Mathew, Fl. Nilambur 414. 1997; Sasidh., Fl. Periyar Tiger Reserve 243. 1998; Sasidh., Fl. Parambikulam WLS 189. 2002; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 439. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 311. 2005; Sunil & Sivadasan, Fl. Alappuzha Dist. 424. 2009; Ratheesh Narayanan, Fl. Stud. Wayanad Dist. 521. 2009.
- Apocynum frutescens L., Sp. Pl. 213. 1753.
- Flora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. II, 1987
A checklist of the flowering plants of Katerniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary, Uttar Pradesh, India
Jo
Journal of Threatened TaxaNo Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Gentianales |
| Family | Apocynaceae |
| Genus | Ichnocarpus |
| Species | Ichnocarpus frutescens (L.) W. T. Aiton |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
