Joinvilleaceae

Taxonomy

Family name: Joinvilleaceae Tomlinson & A.C. Smith

Synonym(s): [none]

Common name(s): joinvillea Family

*Number of genera/species: 1/4

List of genera records in GRIN-Global

Disseminule

fruit (indehiscent)

Description

Fruit indehiscentindehiscent:
not opening on its own, as in a fruit
, drupedrupe:
(indehiscent drupe) a fleshy, indehiscent fruit with one more hard pits enclosing seeds; (dehiscent drupe) a fruit with a dry or fibrous to fleshy or leathery outer husk that early to tardily breaks apart (or opens), exposing one or more nutlike pits enclosing the seeds
with unilocular stone, sometimes plurilocular, stones without operculumoperculum:
a dehiscent cap (or lid) of a seed or fruit that opens during germination or dehiscence
, 5 mm in diam., globoseglobose:
3D shape—more or less spherical
to trigonoustrigonous:
3D shape—having three faces that meet at distinct angles; triangular in outline
, tereteterete:
approximately circular in cross section; width and thickness approximately equal
or angledangled:
2D shape—having sides that meet at acute or obtuse angles  
in transectiontransection:
a cross section; representing a plane made by cutting across an organ at a right angle to its length
, 1 to 3 seeded. Pericarppericarp:
fruit wall or fruit coat
often brightly colored, dulldull:
reflecting only a low proportion of incident light, with no apparent sheen
, fleshyfleshy:
texture—fairly firm and dense, juicy or at least moist, and easily cut
or chartaceouschartaceous:
=papery, papyraceous
.

Seed globoseglobose:
3D shape—more or less spherical
or ovoidovoid:
3D shape—ovate
, tereteterete:
approximately circular in cross section; width and thickness approximately equal
in transectiontransection:
a cross section; representing a plane made by cutting across an organ at a right angle to its length
, minute. Seed coat membranousmembranous:
texture—extremely thin, pliable, and fairly tough
, reticulatereticulate:
surface relief—netted, raised walls or concave grooves forming a net-like surface pattern with flat, concave, or convex interspaces
.

Embryo minute, rudimentaryrudimentary:
(of embryo) embryo is small and fills less than a quarter of the seed and can be variable in shapes, such as linear, spatulate, or oval
(without a cotyledoncotyledon:
a primary leaf of the embryo
), discoiddiscoid:
3D shape—resembling a disc
, straight, caping one end of seed. Endospermendosperm:
nutritive starch- and oil-containing tissue present in many seeds
copious, mealymealy:
loose, dry, and disintegrating in finely granular pieces like meal or flour
.

Identification features

Fruit
Type	drupedrupe: (indehiscent drupe) a fleshy, indehiscent fruit with one more hard pits enclosing seeds; (dehiscent drupe) a fruit with a dry or fibrous to fleshy or leathery outer husk that early to tardily breaks apart (or opens), exposing one or more nutlike pits enclosing the seeds
Size range	5 mm in diam.
Shape(s)	globose, trigonoustrigonous: 3D shape—having three faces that meet at distinct angles; triangular in outline , ovoid
Texture	fleshy, chartaceous
Color(s)	black, red, yellow, white, orange, brown
Unique features	Small dulldull: reflecting only a low proportion of incident light, with no apparent sheen , often brightly colored drupesdrupes: (indehiscent drupe) a fleshy, indehiscent fruit with one more hard pits enclosing seeds; (dehiscent drupe) a fruit with a dry or fibrous to fleshy or leathery outer husk that early to tardily breaks apart (or opens), exposing one or more nutlike pits enclosing the seeds .
Seed
Size range	minute
Shape(s)	globose, ovoid
Surface relief	reticulatereticulate: surface relief—netted, raised walls or concave grooves forming a net-like surface pattern with flat, concave, or convex interspaces
Unique features	Seeds globoseglobose: 3D shape—more or less spherical or ovoidovoid: 3D shape—ovate , tereteterete: approximately circular in cross section; width and thickness approximately equal in transectiontransection: a cross section; representing a plane made by cutting across an organ at a right angle to its length , minute. Seed coats membranousmembranous: texture—extremely thin, pliable, and fairly tough , reticulatereticulate: surface relief—netted, raised walls or concave grooves forming a net-like surface pattern with flat, concave, or convex interspaces .
Other
Embryo	minute, rudimentaryrudimentary: (of embryo) embryo is small and fills less than a quarter of the seed and can be variable in shapes, such as linear, spatulate, or oval (without a cotyledoncotyledon: a primary leaf of the embryo ), discoiddiscoid: 3D shape—resembling a disc , straight, caping one end of seed
Nutritive tissuenutritive tissue: tissue within the seeds that nourishes the developing embryo; such as endosperm, perisperm, or chalazosperm in angiosperms; megagametophyte in gymnosperms	endosperm endosperm: nutritive starch- and oil-containing tissue present in many seeds copious, mealy

Distribution

Malay Peninsula to the Pacific.

Distribution map courtesy of Angiosperm Phylogeny Website.

References

Baskin and Baskin 2021Baskin and Baskin 2021:
Baskin C and Baskin J. 2021. Relationship of the lateral embryo (in grasses) to other monocot embryos: A status up-grade. Seed Science Research 31 (3): 199-210. doi:10.1017/S0960258521000209; Dahlgren et al. 1985Dahlgren et al. 1985:
Dahlgren RMT, Clifford HT, and Yeo PF. 1985. The families of the monocotyledons: structure, evolution, and taxonomy. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 520 pp.; Nooteboom et al. 2021; Kirkbride et al. 2006Kirkbride et al. 2006:
Kirkbride JH, Jr, Gunn CR, and Dallwitz MJ. 2006. Family guide for fruits and seeds, vers. 1.0. Accessed September 2020ndash;January 2022. URL: https://nt.ars-grin.gov/seedsfruits/keys/frsdfam/index.cfm .; Kubitzki et al. 1990+Kubitzki et al. 1990+:
Kubitzki K et al., eds. 1990+. The families and genera of vascular plants. 7+ vols. Berlin etc.; Stevenson and Loconte 1995Stevenson and Loconte 1995:
Stevenson DW and Loconte H. 1995. A cladistic analysis of monocot families. In: Rudall PJ, Cribb PJ, Cutler DF, and Humphries CJ, eds. Monocotyledons: Systematics and Evolution. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

*The number of genera and species is based on Christenhusz and Byng 2016Christenhusz and Byng 2016:
Christenhusz MJM and Byng JW. 2016. The number of known plant species in the world and its annual increase. Phytotaxa 261 (3): 201ndash;217. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1, which may differ from the number of genera in GRIN-Global.