US4173018A - Anti-radar means and techniques - Google Patents
Anti-radar means and techniques Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4173018A US4173018A US04/657,472 US65747267A US4173018A US 4173018 A US4173018 A US 4173018A US 65747267 A US65747267 A US 65747267A US 4173018 A US4173018 A US 4173018A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- mixture
- particles
- binder
- magnetizable
- set forth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 5
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009304 pastoral farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
- H01Q17/004—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems using non-directional dissipative particles, e.g. ferrite powders
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to anti-radar measures and has as its object to provide a coating for greatly minimizing the amount of energy at radar frequencies otherwise reflected as an echo signal from a reflecting surface.
- Such attenuation in general is accomplished using finely divided particles of magnetizable material such as, for example, iron (0.5 to 20 microns in particle diameter) in an insulating binder. A micron is one millionth of an inch.
- magnetizable material such as, for example, iron (0.5 to 20 microns in particle diameter)
- a micron is one millionth of an inch.
- Such coatings made in accordance with the present invention are particularly useful in preventing, for example, (a) reflection from the trailing edges of aircraft wings, (b) reflection from small protuberances and irregularities, (c) reflection originating from the traveling wave which exists on ogive structures when not illuminated from near-broadside, and (d) reflection from duct entrances which otherwise might involve multiple reflections from the inside of the duct.
- Reradiated energy from these common reflection centers enumerated above may be attenuated 12 to 20 decibels over a 2 to 10 GHz (2,000 to 10,000 megacycles per second) by application of an approximate 0.040 inch thick coating produced in accordance with the present invention.
- Such coating unlike ferrite material previously used for attenuation of reflections, remains magnetic at frequencies above 2 GHz, is effective at temperatures at least as high as 500 degrees Centigrade, is relatively inexpensive, and is easily applied.
- Small magnetizable particles of micron size are advantageously of iron in that (a) magnetic properties are maintained at frequencies as high as 30 GHz where ferrites are ineffective, (b) the curie temperature of 770 degrees Centigrade is far in excess of ferrite curie temperature, and (c) it has a high saturation magnetic moment, probably higher than that of any known material.
- Such iron particles of micron size are maintained electrically insulated from each other by maintaining the same suspended in noncontacting relationship within a matrix of electrical insulating material such that the composite structure (iron particles and matrix) is nonconductive.
- the iron particles of micron size may be initially dispersed in a fluid binder, as by a conventional milling operation, to form a homogeneous composite fluid mixture of iron particles and binder, such mixture then being applied in liquid form to surfaces by conventional spraying, rolling or brush application and then allowed to harden on such surfaces as, for example, by a subsequent curing operation.
- One example of coating embodying the present invention is formulated as follows using:
- a fluid mixture so formulated has good shelf life.
- the loading of iron particles was set as high as possible without producing excessive porosity.
- Such loading is based on a property called the critical pigment volume concentration (PVC) as is well understood in the art of paint formulation.
- PVC critical pigment volume concentration
- Complete dispersion of the iron powder in the binder is accomplished by ball milling the mixture for 8 hours, or a three-roll paint mill may be used.
- Thermolite-12 Before application to the surface, the mixture is catalyzed by mixing in Thermolite-12 in an amount equal to one percent (1%) by weight of the RTV 11 silicone solids. The addition of Thermolite-12 increases the adhering properties of the mixture.
- Thermolite-12 is supplied by General Electric Company and is used as a catalyst in the curing operation. The mixture so catalyzed may then be brushed or spray applied to a metal substrate or, if desired, to open weave nylon fabric to form a flexible sheet material which may then be used to cover metal surfaces.
- Curing may be accomplished at room temperature with the resulting firm coating of approximately 0.040 inch thickness being iron particles dispersed in nontouching relationship within an insulating binder composed of room temperature cured polymethysiloxane and a polyphenylsiloxane.
- such particles may be small glass balls coated with a magnetizable material such as iron so as to have an outside diameter of, for example, three microns with the glass ball itself having, for example, a diameter of 0.4 micron.
- This technique of using glass balls is desirable from the standpoint of lightness and also for assuring the production of a magnetizable particle which is preferably spherical.
- Another example of a formulation embodying features of the present invention may involve the use of a sodium silicate binder in which case the binder is essentially metallic as distinct from being organic as in the prior example.
- sodium silicate as a binder, operation at higher temperature is permissible since then the coefficient of heat expansion is more compatible with that of the metal which it coats.
- the binder consists of 90% by weight of sodium silicate, the other 10% being additives such as silicon dioxide, graphite and potassium titanate, which adjusts the thermal expansion of the material, prevents cracking, and improves internal strength, respectively.
- the three micron iron particles are added to the binder (90% by weight iron) and are dispersed by ball milling, paddle milling or the like. Such material in liquid form is applied in 1 to 3 mil layers and dried for 10 minutes at 300 degrees Fahrenheit. The final cure of the 40 mil coating is accomplished by baking for one hour each at 300 degrees Fahrenheit, 400 degrees Fahrenheit and 500 degrees Fahrenheit.
- a top coat of 85% by weight titanium dioxide in sodium silicate is then applied, and the completed coating is heated to 600 degrees Fahrenheit in one hour and maintained at that latter temperature for 30 minutes.
- a coating thus produced has maintained its radar attenuation capabilities and properties after baking at 800 degrees Fahrenheit for over 200 hours.
Abstract
Description
______________________________________ 6000 grams iron powder of 5 micron particle size 564 grams RTV, a General Electric Company silicon composition 128 grams DC805, a silicon resin of Dow-Corning Company 680 grams Toluene, a solvent which is later vaporized 7372 grams ______________________________________
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US04/657,472 US4173018A (en) | 1967-07-27 | 1967-07-27 | Anti-radar means and techniques |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US04/657,472 US4173018A (en) | 1967-07-27 | 1967-07-27 | Anti-radar means and techniques |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US4173018A true US4173018A (en) | 1979-10-30 |
Family
ID=24637317
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US04/657,472 Expired - Lifetime US4173018A (en) | 1967-07-27 | 1967-07-27 | Anti-radar means and techniques |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4173018A (en) |
Cited By (38)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS59160301A (en) * | 1983-03-01 | 1984-09-11 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Radio wave absorbing chaff |
US4538151A (en) * | 1982-03-31 | 1985-08-27 | Nippon Electric Co., Ltd. | Electro-magnetic wave absorbing material |
US4606848A (en) * | 1984-08-14 | 1986-08-19 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Radar attenuating paint |
DE3500383A1 (en) * | 1983-12-06 | 1987-10-08 | Peter Georg Stolzenberg | Method for preventing high-frequency electromagnetic location by means of magnetisable "metal oxides", pure elements and rare earths and of oxides from metal alloys and mixtures of the abovementioned for anti-radar purposes for military targets of maritime and airborne or other type |
EP0243162A2 (en) * | 1986-04-22 | 1987-10-28 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Multi-layered microwave absorber and method of manufacturing the same |
US4725490A (en) * | 1986-05-05 | 1988-02-16 | Hoechst Celanese Corporation | High magnetic permeability composites containing fibers with ferrite fill |
US4728554A (en) * | 1986-05-05 | 1988-03-01 | Hoechst Celanese Corporation | Fiber structure and method for obtaining tuned response to high frequency electromagnetic radiation |
DE3824292A1 (en) * | 1988-07-16 | 1990-01-18 | Battelle Institut E V | Method for fabricating thin-film absorbers for electromagnetic waves |
US4942402A (en) * | 1987-10-27 | 1990-07-17 | Thorn Emi Electronics Limited | Radiation absorber and method of making it |
EP0398672A1 (en) * | 1989-05-17 | 1990-11-22 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Microwave absorber for direct surface application |
US5083127A (en) * | 1989-01-13 | 1992-01-21 | Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm Gmbh | Thermal barrier facade construction of high rise structures and a process for fabrication of a thermal barrier |
US5085931A (en) * | 1989-01-26 | 1992-02-04 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Microwave absorber employing acicular magnetic metallic filaments |
EP0479438A2 (en) * | 1990-10-02 | 1992-04-08 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Electromagnetic radiation absorbing material employing doubly layered particles |
US5106437A (en) * | 1987-11-25 | 1992-04-21 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Electromagnetic radiation suppression cover |
US5148172A (en) * | 1988-01-18 | 1992-09-15 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Absorbing coating, its process of manufacture and covering obtained with the aid of this coating |
US5169713A (en) * | 1990-02-22 | 1992-12-08 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | High frequency electromagnetic radiation absorbent coating comprising a binder and chips obtained from a laminate of alternating amorphous magnetic films and electrically insulating |
AU634281B2 (en) * | 1989-10-18 | 1993-02-18 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Microwave radiation absorbing adhesive |
US5212488A (en) * | 1992-01-21 | 1993-05-18 | Konotchick John A | Ellipsoidal chaff |
US5225284A (en) * | 1989-10-26 | 1993-07-06 | Colebrand Limited | Absorbers |
US5238975A (en) * | 1989-10-18 | 1993-08-24 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Microwave radiation absorbing adhesive |
US5260513A (en) * | 1992-05-06 | 1993-11-09 | University Of Massachusetts Lowell | Method for absorbing radiation |
US5325094A (en) * | 1986-11-25 | 1994-06-28 | Chomerics, Inc. | Electromagnetic energy absorbing structure |
US5389434A (en) * | 1990-10-02 | 1995-02-14 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Electromagnetic radiation absorbing material employing doubly layered particles |
FR2716577A1 (en) * | 1989-03-22 | 1995-08-25 | France Etat Armement | Material, e.g. paint, for reducing radar wave reflection |
US5576710A (en) * | 1986-11-25 | 1996-11-19 | Chomerics, Inc. | Electromagnetic energy absorber |
FR2743940A1 (en) * | 1989-07-28 | 1997-07-25 | Nowak Jean Michel | Microwave absorbent cover for building radar cross=section reduction |
US6541555B1 (en) | 1999-12-20 | 2003-04-01 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | High-density low epsilon ballast materials |
WO2004044070A1 (en) * | 2002-11-13 | 2004-05-27 | Aleksandr Kozmovich Titomir | Compound for coatings screening against electromagnetic radiation |
US20050030217A1 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2005-02-10 | Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha | Electomagnetic wave absorber and a process of producing same |
US20060074141A1 (en) * | 2004-10-06 | 2006-04-06 | Tri-E Shielding Technologies, Llc | Techniques and compositions for shielding radioactive energy |
EP1676495A1 (en) * | 2004-12-06 | 2006-07-05 | YKK Europe Limited | A slide fastener with Infra Red camouflage characteristics |
WO2010029193A1 (en) | 2008-09-12 | 2010-03-18 | Micromag 2000, S.L. | Electromagnetic-radiation attenuator and method for controlling the spectrum thereof |
US7952511B1 (en) | 1999-04-07 | 2011-05-31 | Geer James L | Method and apparatus for the detection of objects using electromagnetic wave attenuation patterns |
US8138673B1 (en) | 2002-05-21 | 2012-03-20 | Imaging Systems Technology | Radiation shielding |
US8149153B1 (en) | 2008-07-12 | 2012-04-03 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Instrumentation structure with reduced electromagnetic radiation reflectivity or interference characteristics |
RU2469447C2 (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-12-10 | Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации - федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Исследовательский центр имени М.В. Келдыша" (ГНЦ ФГУП "Центр Келдыша") | Method of reducing radar signature of object equipped with at least one antenna |
RU2486541C2 (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2013-06-27 | Федеральное государственное военное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Военный авиационный инженерный университет" (г. Воронеж) Министерства обороны Российской Федерации | Absorbent coating |
RU2717803C1 (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-03-25 | Публичное акционерное общество "Научно-производственное объединение "Алмаз" имени академика А.А. Расплетина" (ПАО "НПО "Алмаз") | Radar absorbent coating, which reduces reflection of electromagnetic radiation from metal and metallized surfaces in the x-band of frequencies, and a method for preparation and application thereof |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2646549A (en) * | 1946-01-07 | 1953-07-21 | Us Sec War | Coaxial line terminating device |
US2877286A (en) * | 1955-06-13 | 1959-03-10 | Cs 13 Corp | Radiant energy shielding device |
US2918671A (en) * | 1946-01-15 | 1959-12-22 | Halpern Otto | Identifying reflector with reflection dissymmetry |
US3187331A (en) * | 1949-04-21 | 1965-06-01 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Micro-wave absorber |
-
1967
- 1967-07-27 US US04/657,472 patent/US4173018A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2646549A (en) * | 1946-01-07 | 1953-07-21 | Us Sec War | Coaxial line terminating device |
US2918671A (en) * | 1946-01-15 | 1959-12-22 | Halpern Otto | Identifying reflector with reflection dissymmetry |
US3187331A (en) * | 1949-04-21 | 1965-06-01 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Micro-wave absorber |
US2877286A (en) * | 1955-06-13 | 1959-03-10 | Cs 13 Corp | Radiant energy shielding device |
Cited By (48)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4538151A (en) * | 1982-03-31 | 1985-08-27 | Nippon Electric Co., Ltd. | Electro-magnetic wave absorbing material |
JPS59160301A (en) * | 1983-03-01 | 1984-09-11 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Radio wave absorbing chaff |
DE3500383A1 (en) * | 1983-12-06 | 1987-10-08 | Peter Georg Stolzenberg | Method for preventing high-frequency electromagnetic location by means of magnetisable "metal oxides", pure elements and rare earths and of oxides from metal alloys and mixtures of the abovementioned for anti-radar purposes for military targets of maritime and airborne or other type |
US4606848A (en) * | 1984-08-14 | 1986-08-19 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Radar attenuating paint |
EP0243162A3 (en) * | 1986-04-22 | 1989-01-25 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Multi-layered microwave absorber and method of manufacturing the same |
EP0243162A2 (en) * | 1986-04-22 | 1987-10-28 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Multi-layered microwave absorber and method of manufacturing the same |
US4728554A (en) * | 1986-05-05 | 1988-03-01 | Hoechst Celanese Corporation | Fiber structure and method for obtaining tuned response to high frequency electromagnetic radiation |
US4725490A (en) * | 1986-05-05 | 1988-02-16 | Hoechst Celanese Corporation | High magnetic permeability composites containing fibers with ferrite fill |
US5576710A (en) * | 1986-11-25 | 1996-11-19 | Chomerics, Inc. | Electromagnetic energy absorber |
US5325094A (en) * | 1986-11-25 | 1994-06-28 | Chomerics, Inc. | Electromagnetic energy absorbing structure |
US4942402A (en) * | 1987-10-27 | 1990-07-17 | Thorn Emi Electronics Limited | Radiation absorber and method of making it |
US5106437A (en) * | 1987-11-25 | 1992-04-21 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Electromagnetic radiation suppression cover |
US5148172A (en) * | 1988-01-18 | 1992-09-15 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Absorbing coating, its process of manufacture and covering obtained with the aid of this coating |
DE3824292A1 (en) * | 1988-07-16 | 1990-01-18 | Battelle Institut E V | Method for fabricating thin-film absorbers for electromagnetic waves |
US5083127A (en) * | 1989-01-13 | 1992-01-21 | Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm Gmbh | Thermal barrier facade construction of high rise structures and a process for fabrication of a thermal barrier |
US5085931A (en) * | 1989-01-26 | 1992-02-04 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Microwave absorber employing acicular magnetic metallic filaments |
FR2716577A1 (en) * | 1989-03-22 | 1995-08-25 | France Etat Armement | Material, e.g. paint, for reducing radar wave reflection |
US5275880A (en) * | 1989-05-17 | 1994-01-04 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Microwave absorber for direct surface application |
EP0398672A1 (en) * | 1989-05-17 | 1990-11-22 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Microwave absorber for direct surface application |
FR2743940A1 (en) * | 1989-07-28 | 1997-07-25 | Nowak Jean Michel | Microwave absorbent cover for building radar cross=section reduction |
US5189078A (en) * | 1989-10-18 | 1993-02-23 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Microwave radiation absorbing adhesive |
AU634281B2 (en) * | 1989-10-18 | 1993-02-18 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Microwave radiation absorbing adhesive |
US5238975A (en) * | 1989-10-18 | 1993-08-24 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Microwave radiation absorbing adhesive |
US5225284A (en) * | 1989-10-26 | 1993-07-06 | Colebrand Limited | Absorbers |
US5169713A (en) * | 1990-02-22 | 1992-12-08 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | High frequency electromagnetic radiation absorbent coating comprising a binder and chips obtained from a laminate of alternating amorphous magnetic films and electrically insulating |
US5389434A (en) * | 1990-10-02 | 1995-02-14 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Electromagnetic radiation absorbing material employing doubly layered particles |
EP0479438A2 (en) * | 1990-10-02 | 1992-04-08 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Electromagnetic radiation absorbing material employing doubly layered particles |
EP0479438A3 (en) * | 1990-10-02 | 1992-10-14 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Electromagnetic radiation absorbing material employing doubly layered particles |
US5212488A (en) * | 1992-01-21 | 1993-05-18 | Konotchick John A | Ellipsoidal chaff |
US5260513A (en) * | 1992-05-06 | 1993-11-09 | University Of Massachusetts Lowell | Method for absorbing radiation |
US7952511B1 (en) | 1999-04-07 | 2011-05-31 | Geer James L | Method and apparatus for the detection of objects using electromagnetic wave attenuation patterns |
US8179299B1 (en) * | 1999-04-07 | 2012-05-15 | Geer James L | Method and apparatus for the detection of objects using electromagnetic wave attenuation patterns |
US6541555B1 (en) | 1999-12-20 | 2003-04-01 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | High-density low epsilon ballast materials |
US8138673B1 (en) | 2002-05-21 | 2012-03-20 | Imaging Systems Technology | Radiation shielding |
WO2004044070A1 (en) * | 2002-11-13 | 2004-05-27 | Aleksandr Kozmovich Titomir | Compound for coatings screening against electromagnetic radiation |
US20050030217A1 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2005-02-10 | Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha | Electomagnetic wave absorber and a process of producing same |
US7113123B2 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2006-09-26 | Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha | Electromagnetic wave absorber and a process of producing same |
US7449131B2 (en) * | 2004-10-06 | 2008-11-11 | Terry Industries, Inc. | Techniques and compositions for shielding radioactive energy |
US20090039318A1 (en) * | 2004-10-06 | 2009-02-12 | Tri-E Shielding Technologies, Llc. | Techniques and compositions for shielding radioactive energy |
US7553431B2 (en) | 2004-10-06 | 2009-06-30 | Terry Industries, Inc. | Techniques and compositions for shielding radioactive energy |
US20060074141A1 (en) * | 2004-10-06 | 2006-04-06 | Tri-E Shielding Technologies, Llc | Techniques and compositions for shielding radioactive energy |
EP1676495A1 (en) * | 2004-12-06 | 2006-07-05 | YKK Europe Limited | A slide fastener with Infra Red camouflage characteristics |
US8149153B1 (en) | 2008-07-12 | 2012-04-03 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Instrumentation structure with reduced electromagnetic radiation reflectivity or interference characteristics |
WO2010029193A1 (en) | 2008-09-12 | 2010-03-18 | Micromag 2000, S.L. | Electromagnetic-radiation attenuator and method for controlling the spectrum thereof |
US20110192643A1 (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2011-08-11 | Pilar Marin Palacios | Electromagnetic radiation attenuator and method for controlling the spectrum thereof |
RU2469447C2 (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-12-10 | Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации - федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Исследовательский центр имени М.В. Келдыша" (ГНЦ ФГУП "Центр Келдыша") | Method of reducing radar signature of object equipped with at least one antenna |
RU2486541C2 (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2013-06-27 | Федеральное государственное военное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Военный авиационный инженерный университет" (г. Воронеж) Министерства обороны Российской Федерации | Absorbent coating |
RU2717803C1 (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-03-25 | Публичное акционерное общество "Научно-производственное объединение "Алмаз" имени академика А.А. Расплетина" (ПАО "НПО "Алмаз") | Radar absorbent coating, which reduces reflection of electromagnetic radiation from metal and metallized surfaces in the x-band of frequencies, and a method for preparation and application thereof |
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