US1695394A - Airship with mixed sustentation - Google Patents

Description

s. TALLEI' v AIRSHIP WITH MIXED SUSTEN'IATION Filed Sept. 29, 1926- 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I Jm eri for. Guido TaZZei.

Dec. 18, 1928. 1,695,394-

' G. TALLEI AIRSHIP WITH MIXED SUSTENTATION Filed Sept, 29, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 v [NvE/vfioR Guina 7 11117 Patented. Dec. 18, 1928.

UNITED- STATES eurn'o TALLEI, or ROME, ITALY.

AIRSHIP WITH MIXED SUSTENTATION.

Application filed September 29, 1926, Serial The present invention. concerns a novel type of airship with mixed sustentation, that is an airship provided with supporting surfaces in such a. manner as to obtain as a result a flying machine which while possessing all the advantages of the usual airplanes and airships assembled together eliminates as; far as possible the inconveniences of both types. p

The airship according to the presentin yention consists substantially of a central hollow body of elongated shape on the lat-, eral walls of which are externally secured carrying surfaces symmetrically disposed in respect of the middle longitudinal plan of the apparatus.

The central body consists of a gas bag of aluminium sheet or of any other light metal sheet; said envelope is carried by a supporting and stiffening frame and contains in its interior air heated by means of the exhaust gases of the engines, so as to produce a statical lifting power to which, during the light is added the dynamical lifting power due to the pressure which the external air develops against the lateral carrying surfaces, which act in the same manner as the wings of an usual airplane.

In the annexed drawing, which shows by way of example and schematically a practical embodiment of the invention:

The Fig. 1 is a top view of the-airship partially insection, v

The Fig. 2 is a cross section according to the line A B' of Fig. 1,

The Fig. 3 is a side View and Fig. 4 is an axial horizontal section.

' As shown in the drawing the airship according to the invention substantially consists of an envelope 1 of thin corrugated metal sheet covered by an outer skin which is of thin smooth metal sheet. Said double envelope which constitutes a strongly insulating wall has, in the usual way, the shape of a surface of revolution the longitudinal axis of which is much longer than the trans verse axis. At the fore end is provided a strong bow shield 2 designed to resist the dynamical pressure of the external air when theairship is in motion, and at the rear end, that is at the stern, are provided the rudder 3 and the stabilizing surfaces 4 which can be controlled from the cars by means of a No. 138,464, and in Italy 0ctober13, 1925 rigid or flexible transmission of any convenient type; The cars 5 are symmetrically placed at both sides of the envelope.

In order to impart to the latter the'necessary' resistance it is mounted upon ring shaped frames connected by means of stiffening and supporting spokes 7 to a central tube 8 extending for the whole longitudinal axis of the airship. This tube is closed at the fore end and freely open at the rear end for the purpose which will be explained hereinafter.

In fact said tube has not only the purpose of acting as a hub for the attachment of the spokes 7 but is also intended to receive in proximity of its fore end, the exhaust gases which through the radial tubes 20 come from the engines 19 placed in the cars 5. The exhaust gases thus flow through the central 6 conveniently distanced andtube 8 and heat strongly the air contained a between the internal walls of the envelope 1 and the external wall of the tube 8;

The increase of temperature thus obtained causes a rarefaction of the air containedin the envelope .and therefore the production of a certain amount of lifting power which contributes in lifting the airship.

In the walls of the central tube 8 openings 21 may be provided through which the exhaust gases may escape in the interior of the envelope. In this manner the lifting power can be notably increased because a higher. temperature can be maintained in the interior of the envelope.

To the lifting: power thusobtained is added the dynamical lifting power suppliedby two or more sets of wings 9 and 10 applied to the sides of the envelope. Said wings are rigidly fastened to the framing of the envelope 1, and possess further the feature of carrying at the rear fan shaped appendages 11 and 12 which can be displayed or applied at will by means of convenient con- 'trolling transmissions for the purpose ofchanging the area of the carrying surface according tothe circumstances. The stabilizing surfaces have been also, and for a like purpose, provided with fan shaped extensions 13 and 14.

. The airship according to the invention being particularly designed for very long travels with many passengers, thus instead of adopting a large number of separate cars I it has been found preferable to arrange two vided in the body of the envelope, and for.

thispurpose the envelope shows a recess 16 corresponding to the fore endof said cars.

' The propulsive power is supplied by two sets of engines 19 symmetrically placed in respect of the central body on board ofthe two cars, thehulls of which are conveniently shaped, in such manner as to allow the application of several propellers 18 to each one of them.

Further a not negligible increase of the propelling power is due to the arrangement above mentioned that-the exhaust gases escape in the axial direction at .the rear end of the longitudinal conduit 8, the reaction of the jet supplying a useful component for the forward movement in the same way as it happens in a jet propelled ship.

In theform of construction of the airship shown in the drawing an attempt has been made to give the airship an external shape as similar as possible to the shape of a flying bird, the structure showing parts which correspond to the beak,- the head, the neck, the wings and the tail, although it will be understood that said shape can be considerably changed always remaining within the scope of the invention.

The airship built and working in the manner above said possesses considerable advantages in comparison of the other airships of the same class already known.

In the first place any danger of fire due to' newing the gas supply and for landing and starting, as this airship can land and start like an airplane and float like a ship and may be anchored in any harbour.

It will be further understood that the airship will' be supplied with self-acting or controlled valves for keeping within the tained therein.

prescribed limits the pressure in the interior of the envelope; with ventilators for ac celerating or retarding the change of the air and of the exhaust gases-and for keeping them in the desired proportion in the interior-of the envelope; may be provided with vertical pits giving access on the deck of the envelope and finally with all the other structures and contrivances required forthe regular working of an airship, and which do not need to be here described or menknown. I

I claim:

1. An airship with mixed sustentation, comprising an engine, supporting surfaces to supply in flight aerodynamical lifting power, an envelope of sheet metal and filled with air, a hollow tube extending along the longitudinal axis of theenvelope, the exhaust gases of the engine being led to said longitudinal tube for the purpose of heating the air contained in the envelope and thus supplying aerostatic lifting power, ring shaped girders supporting the envelope, and

"tioned more in detail, being all generally spokes radiating from said hollow longitudinal tube for stiffening the girders.

.2. An airship according to claim 1 wherein the longitudinal tube is provided with openings in its wall so that the exhaust, gases can pass into the interior of the envelope and become mixed with the air con-.

3. An airship according'to'claim l wherein the envelope is formed of corrugated sheet metal and an external covering of smooth sheet metal so as to secure a good thermal insulation of the hot air in the envelope.

4. An air ship according to claim 1 the shape of which is like'the shape of a flying beak, the head, the neck, the body, the wings and the tail, cars at both sides of the body, the neck being formed with a recess to en-' able communication between the cars.

5. An airship according to claim 1 together with cars mounted adjacent the envelope,- said cars being inter-communicating and so shaped as to permit the use ofbird, having parts corresponding to the a plurality of propellers for each car.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature at Rome this fifteenth day of September, 1926;

sumo TALLEI.

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