EP1186284A1 - Wheelchair with stair climbing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The wheelchair with a stairs climbing device has a drive unit (A) containing at least one drive motor (M) and on each side two running wheels (L) spaced apart on parallel axles. For climbing stairs, the axles are synchronously movable by a climbing drive connection to the drive motor to and from each other. Both axles on each side are supported in a two-armed pinion (S). The two pinions are commonly rotatable around a parallel positioning axis (X) through at least 360 degrees in the drive unit. The drive unit has at least one further selectively activatable level drive connection from the drive motor to at least one of the wheels.

Description

The invention relates to a wheelchair specified in the preamble of claim 1 Art.

In a wheelchair with stair climbing device known from DE 37 13 564 C. the two impeller axles on one side of the drive unit on a crank arm each arranged in the drive unit about a distance from the impeller axis stationary and parallel rising axis is rotatable. The two Riser axes lie on a plane that is inclined to the ground and carry drive pinions, that are wrapped in a common chain. The distance between everyone Impeller axis and its rising axis and the distance between the two rising axes are coordinated so that when rotating the two crank arms, the wheels take a first position in which their two Impeller axles are aligned, and then pivoted into a second position, in which their impeller axes lie in the inclined plane of the rising axes and a maximum Take a distance from each other in the direction of the inclined plane. Thereby steps can be overcome, always using the front impeller in the climbing direction is moved over the step edge to the next step while the in The direction of climb of the rear wheel is temporarily on the rear step stands and supports. A single drive motor is provided in the drive unit. Furthermore, braking devices are provided, which at least the load-bearing Lock the impeller in at least one direction of rotation. It goes without saying that when climbing stairs a wheelchair operator standing behind the wheelchair needed, which ensures the necessary balance. It must be on level ground Wheelchair.

From DE 44 29 149 A a stairway transport device for loads is known has a load bearing surface and a swing arm on both sides, on the two with Pushbuttons controlled brake devices are equipped with rotatable wheels are. A common drive motor drives both wings when climbing stairs over at least 360 °, so that one impeller over the other on each side raised to the next step and then with another turn of the Swing the other wheel to the next but one step. The For structural reasons, stair climbing devices cannot be combined with a wheelchair suitable. The transport device must be pushed or pulled on level ground become.

The invention has for its object a wheelchair of the type mentioned to create that can not only perform a stair climbing function, but on level surface using the one provided for the stair climbing function Mechanism driven drives.

The object is achieved with the features of claim 1.

The first drive connection is used to climb the stairs to the two To drive vibrations synchronously in the ascending or descending direction by means of the drive motor. While the one wheel stands on the step surface, the swing arm pivoted about the adjusting axis and the axis of the standing impeller until the other impeller over one impeller on top of the step surface of the next higher or next lower level is moved. The wheelchair makes an arc around the standing impeller axis with the distance between the standing Impeller axis and the positioning axis as a radius. Should the wheelchair be level Drive the floor, the drive movement is via the second drive connection transferred to at least one impeller while the wings either blocked or freely pivotable (for ground adaptation). Despite being able to The wheelchair, led by a wheelchair operator, can be overcome stairs the wheelchair is comfortable on level ground and either by the wheelchair operator or drive by the wheelchair user.

The wheelchair can be a standard manual wheelchair attached to the drive unit is removably attached, for example instead of the normal rear wheels. The attached one Drive unit increases the user comfort of the wheelchair considerably. The However, wheelchairs can also be converted at any time.

Alternatively, a luxury version of the wheelchair is expedient, in which the drive unit is integrated as an integral part. When climbing stairs, a wheelchair operator becomes needed. The wheelchair user can, however, when driving on level ground driving yourself, for example with a joystick control, forwards and backwards, steer and the like. Without being dependent on a wheelchair operator.

Button-controlled braking devices increase the safety standard when climbing stairs, regardless of the respective rotational position of the wings. By means of the release device, the braking devices can be opened for driving switch off level floor.

The relative dimensions of the swing arms, the impellers and the impeller diameter are expedient and wheel spacings selected so that specially standard stair treads can be overcome easily and with a high security standard. That in each case a next step surface moving impeller stops from the step edge of this step surface a minimum safety distance to keep the operational risk as low as possible to keep.

Optimally few individual components are required for stair climbing and driving functions, if a common drive motor is used. It is about expediently an electric motor that can be reversed in its direction and, if necessary is speed controllable. There is a power supply for the drive motor Battery provided in the drive unit to be independent of an external power supply to be.

However, several drive motors can be advantageous for greater user comfort be, for example, separate drive motors for the stair climbing function and the Driving function and / or for precise steering when driving, and the like.

One drive motor per swing arm is expedient, these drive motors for example be electrically coupled or synchronized for the stair climbing function, as well as driving straight forward or backward while Steering movements of the wheelchair via speed and / or differences in direction of rotation of the two drive motors are controlled, advantageously with one Individual driving motion and driving-steering motion control with a joystick, which can be operated by the wheelchair user himself.

Long service life, low-noise operation and slip-free power transmission are achieved with chain or toothed belt drives.

The choice between the two drive connections is made via a convertible Manual gearbox made. This should also have an idle position around the To be able to push the wheelchair if necessary.

The manual gearbox can be arranged on the hollow shaft in a small space, which connects the two rockers and rotates around the adjusting axis. A Coupling sleeve closes the first or the second drive connection depending on the shift position. The idle position is also switched via the clutch sleeve.

To adjust the coupling sleeve is one with an adjusting lever or pedal or Switching device of connected carriers expedient.

In the event that the braking device is activated, it is appropriate that Lead braking torque directly into the drive unit via a brake gear. chain or toothed belt drives to transmit the braking torque avoid inappropriate Slip, however, offer a certain basic elasticity.

Engaging the braking device of the respective wheel becomes functionally reliable and structurally easily accomplished by means of the button, which when climbing stairs Scan step surfaces or step edges and apply braking if the There is a danger of the safety distance between the contact point of the respective Impeller and the step edge.

A braking surface of the braking device is expediently incorporated into the impeller. A counter braking surface cooperates with the braking surface, via a knee joint and a tightening angle during a running movement of the impeller the braking progressively increases. In the opposite direction of rotation, however, the braking is released automatically and is the movement resistance between the braking surface and the counter braking surface optimally low.

It is expedient and structurally simple to carry the counter braking surface To act on the brake lever with its pretensioning spring in the direction of the braking position, so that braking occurs when the impeller moves critically immediately and automatically. Um, for example for driving on level ground Soil, which may then be used to avoid inappropriate braking can engage the release device directly on the brake lever and convert it into a passive or bring and hold release.

A leaf spring that can be attached to the brake lever is structurally simple. The activation or Deactivating the braking devices is advisable by the wheelchair operator performed.

Alternatively, Bowden cables could also be provided which activated the brake levers in the Position and centrally either by the wheelchair operator or by the wheelchair user be operated.

The convenience of use is increased when the release device is effective is coupled with the gearbox in such a way that when setting the stair-climbing drive connection the reverse braking devices automatically activated and at Setting the drive-drive connection can be deactivated automatically.

Chain or toothed belt drives are also advantageous for travel movements. in principle it is sufficient to drive a single impeller of the drive unit. This does not rule out, however, at least one impeller on each side of the drive unit to drive, or even all designated wheels.

The swing arm is expediently a molded metal part, which the bearings for Includes impellers and a connection for the hollow shaft. Both can swing be identical. For the moving components on or in the swing arm Expediently provided covers so that the wheelchair can be easily moved can also be driven outdoors. Becomes a manual wheelchair by attaching the drive unit converted, then the drive unit is useful instead of the rear wheels of the wheelchair used. Several connection areas are useful between the wheelchair and the drive unit to ensure stable power transmission.

If there are several differently positioned bearings and several of them spaced support points are provided, one of the Wheelchair users or the wheelchair operator as a comfortable relative position choose between the frame structure of the wheelchair and the drive unit.

The drive unit is expediently covered by a housing on which the wheelchair can be fastened or fastened and that protects the internal components and gives the wheelchair equipped with it a pleasant overall impression. The the drive unit belonging guide bracket or a guide arrangement for The wheelchair operator is ergonomically positioned to accommodate the wheelchair operator to enable easy balancing of the wheelchair when climbing stairs. Out For safety reasons, it is advisable to climb the stairs in the ascending or descending direction always to be carried out with the wheelchair's entry side facing down the stairs, the wheelchair operator is always above the wheelchair.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Rollstuhls beim Treppensteigen,

Fig. 2

eine schematische Seitenansicht des Rollstuhls beim Fahren auf ebenem Boden,

Fig. 3

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Rollstuhls, beim Fahren auf ebenem Boden, und mit einer voll integrierten Antriebseinheit zum Treppensteigen und Fahren,

Fig. 4

einen Horizontalschnitt, etwa in der Ebene IV-IV in Fig. 3,

Fig. 5

einen Vertikalschnitt durch die Antriebseinheit etwa der Fig. 2 beim Fahren auf ebenem Boden,

Fig. 6

eine Hinteransicht der Antriebseinheit, und

Fig. 7

als Ausschnitt zu Fig. 1 in vergrößertem Maßstab ein eine Bremsvorrichtung verdeutlichendes Detail.

Embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are explained with the aid of the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic side view of a wheelchair when climbing stairs,

Fig. 2

a schematic side view of the wheelchair when driving on level ground,

Fig. 3

a schematic side view of a wheelchair, when driving on level ground, and with a fully integrated drive unit for climbing stairs and driving,

Fig. 4

a horizontal section, approximately in the plane IV-IV in Fig. 3,

Fig. 5

3 shows a vertical section through the drive unit, for example of FIG. 2, when driving on level ground,

Fig. 6

a rear view of the drive unit, and

Fig. 7

as a detail of FIG. 1 on a larger scale a detail clarifying a braking device.

A wheelchair R for climbing stairs (Fig. 1) from a drive unit A with down stairs Pointing entry side and supported by an upstairs Wheelchair operator, is transported, can according to FIG. 2 by means of the same drive unit A also drive on level ground B. The wheelchair R can be a common one manual wheelchair on which the drive unit A instead of the rear wheels, e.g. is attached to a rear wheel connection point 1 and additionally in support points 2. Alternatively, the drive unit A (FIG. 3) can be an integral part of a luxury wheelchair R be.

The designated 7 frame of the wheelchair R, the conventional front wheels 8 and usual operating handles 6 is connected to the drive unit A, that a diagonally upward guide bracket 3 of the drive unit A with Guide handles 4 is arranged on the rear of the wheelchair R. In the drive unit A in FIGS. 1 and 2, at least one electric drive motor M is provided, for example via an actuation 5 on the guide handles 4 and / or an actuation 5 ' is controllable on the wheelchair R. There are two on both sides of drive unit A. spaced wheels L rotatable about wheel axes 13. The two wheels L each Side are arranged on a common rocker arm S, which is in the drive unit A about a horizontal adjusting axis X parallel to the impeller axes 13 over at least 360 ° by means of the drive motor M is rotatable. Every wheel has one Have braking device Z, which is controlled by a button T. In the drive unit A are at least two optionally adjustable drive connections from the drive motor M to the rocker S (riser drive connection) and from the drive motor M to at least one impeller L (drive-drive connection) and possibly still an idle position, in which the wheels L and / or the rockers S are freely rotatable.

In Fig. 1, e.g. BT stairs descending two steps with step surfaces 9, step edges 11 and step end faces 10 are shown. The wheelchair operator balances the wheelchair R just descending so that the front wheels 8 are raised are. One impeller L on one side stands straight on the step surface 9 an upper tier. By appropriate control of the drive motor 10, the two wheels L by turning the rocker arms S counterclockwise around the Adjustment axis X of drive unit A above the upstanding impellers have been moved to the step surface 9 of the next lower step, the Swing S also around the impeller axis 13 of the standing impeller (Contact point 12) has rotated. The impeller diameter, the center distance the wheels and the swingarm strength chosen so that at least at standard levels the impeller transported to the next step surface with its contact point 12 'a safety distance Y from the lying step edge 11 who e.g. corresponds to at least a quarter of the diameter of the impeller. The safety distance Y is monitored by the braking device Z this Impeller and the associated button T. The above impellers are braked shown because the braking device Z by the over the upper edge of the step 11 button T is depressed. Now move on to the next step the lower wheels L so that they roll to the front step edge 11, then the reverse braking device Z is engaged when the buttons T of these wheels perform a certain stroke down over the lower step edge 11. In the As a result, these two lower wheels are locked against further rolling and it can be started easily by turning the upper wheels now the swing arm S around the adjustment axis X to the next lower step or onto the surface to move to the next lower stage. When getting on, the drive motor M driven in the opposite direction of rotation, but with the wheelchair again the back of the stairs and the wheelchair operator above the wheelchair the stairs stand.

In Fig. 2, the wheelchair R is by means of the drive device A on a level floor B driven forward or backward (double arrow 14). The driving speed leaves adjust by regulating the engine speed. This can be done by the wheelchair user be made on the actuator 5 after by means of a selector 16 (control lever or pedal) from the riser drive connection to the drive drive connection has been switched. Alternatively, the wheelchair user perform driving control even on its actuation 5 'and by means of the front wheels 8 or steer a steering device, not shown.

A release device, not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, for the braking devices Z has it deactivated. This is in Fig. 2 by the raised passive position Button T indicated. In the driving position in Fig. 2, the swing arm S can freely around the Swivel the adjustment axis X so that both wheels L on each side on the floor B get up. It is alternatively possible to swing the rocker S in by means of the drive motor M in to adjust the raised, dash-dotted position S 'until only the rear wheels L and the front wheels 8 stand up and the front wheels L are lifted off, to block the rockers S with the drive unit A and then the drive-drive connection turn on, with which at least one impeller L can be driven. On In this way, a position that the wheelchair user perceives as pleasant adjust the wheelchair on level ground or level the wheelchair to negotiate an incline or slope on which the seat remains essentially horizontal despite the incline or descent. Is not a steering device provided, the wheelchair operator is still required to To make steering movements while the driving movements of the drive motor M be generated.

In the luxury wheelchair R in FIG. 3, the drive unit A has more than one drive motor M, M1 provided, for example, to also make steering movements over the To be able to control impellers, e.g. due to speed differences between the impellers L on the left and on the right side of the drive unit A, or to the Climbing stairs and other, appropriately designed drive motors for driving use. There can be drive connections from the respective Drive motor M, M1 to the rocker S or to at least one impeller switch on each side, or an idle position in which the wheelchair operator takes the wheelchair can push.

Appropriately, a drive motor is provided for each rocker, which is optionally for the swing arm movement and the impeller drive are responsible. The actuator 5 ' for the wheelchair user it allows movement in the direction of arrows 14 to carry out, i.e. forward or backward, and also steering movements to everyone Page. For this purpose, the actuator 5 'should be designed like a joystick, the one enables very sensitive and precise control. Even in the case of the wheelchair R the Fig. 3 could swing on S (dash-dotted lines at S ') for driving flat ground are inclined so that only the rear wheels L and the front wheels 8 run on the floor. Because in this case the steering movements over the drive unit A can be controlled, the front wheels can be 8 trailing wheels. An actuator for climbing stairs and for steering on level ground is for the Wheelchair operator provided at the rear of the wheelchair.

4 are structural requirements for the drive connections and the braking devices Z shown, also on FIG. 5 (a side view), 6 (a rear view in FIG. 4 from the right) and FIG. 7 (a side view, partially in section, an impeller on an enlarged scale).

In Fig. 4, each impeller L with a hub 18 via bearing 17 in a version of the Swing arm S mounted, e.g. is a molded metal part. On at least one hub 18 (in Fig. 4 in both hubs 18 of the upper rocker S) is a 20 wrapped around a chain Sprocket 19 arranged in a rotationally fixed manner, which via a deflection wheel 21 Drive sprocket 22 runs on a drive tube 23. The drive tube 23 is in bearings 27 rotatably mounted in a housing 40 of the drive unit A and takes in bearings 24 a hollow shaft 26 rigidly connecting the rockers S. The driving tube 23 carries an external ring gear 25, which lies within a coupling sleeve 49, the axial spaced internal sprockets 52 and 50.

Where the drive tube 23 penetrates and is housed in the housing 40 is with the Housing 40 a brake sprocket 28 blocked against rotation, of which a chain 29 Deflection wheels 30 to each impeller L, on one in the impeller hub 18 rotatably mounted impeller axle 32 arranged chain wheel 31 runs. Independently from the rotational position of the rocker arms S about the adjustment axis X become the impeller axes 32 in the position determined by the brake sprocket 28 relative to the Drive housing supported.

The braking device Z shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 7 for each impeller has one with the protruding end of the impeller shaft 32 rotatably connected brake carrier 33, which contains a knee joint 34 at a distance from the impeller axis 32, in which a brake lever 35 is pivotable. The brake lever 35 carries at the free end the button T in the form of a rotatably mounted wheel 36. Further is on the brake lever 35 a brake block 37 is provided with a counter braking surface 39, which is against a Impeller axis 32 concentric cylindrical braking surface 38 of the impeller L acts. The impeller L has a solid rubber or a pneumatic tire 22. Between the counter braking surface 37 and the braking surface 38 is e.g. one in the direction to be blocked (Arrow in Fig. 7) converging tightening angle α is formed. There is one in the brake carrier 33 Bias spring 42 housed the brake lever 35 toward the braking position applied to the braking surface 38. A disengagement device is also provided, which is formed in Fig. 7 by a leaf spring 43 on the brake carrier 33 and a Has hook end 44, which can be hooked behind the brake block 37 after this in Fig. 7 was raised clockwise around the knee joint 34 (corresponding to the Position of the buttons T in Fig. 2).

Instead of the leaf spring 43, a Bowden cable could also be installed on the brake carrier 33 is supported and extends to the brake lever 35 to either this Area of the guide bracket 3 or from the frame 7 of the wheelchair between the brake ready position shown in FIG. 7 and the one indicated in FIG. 2 Disengage to adjust, in which all braking devices Z are deactivated.

The button T holds the counter braking surface on level ground or on the step surface 9 39 lifted off the braking surface 38. Rolls the wheel L in Fig. 7 in the direction of Arrow on the step surface 9, i.e. left from the position shown, then device the button T over the step edge 11 until it is supported by the biasing spring 42 the knee joint 34 is shifted counterclockwise. The counter braking surface 39 lies on the braking surface 38, which, thanks to the tightening angle α, makes an immediate Braking starts, which prevents the contact point 12 of the impeller L Safety distance Y falls below. (e.g. about a quarter of the diameter of the Impeller L). Rolling in the opposite direction is possible, e.g. around to push the wheelchair from this critical position to a safe position. The braking torque exerted on the brake carrier 33 is via the impeller axis 32 and the chain 29 and the brake sprocket 28 in the housing 40 of the drive unit A. initiated.

Each rocker is non-rotatably in the area of a connection 41 with the hollow shaft 26 screwed or welded. The output shaft of the drive motor M enters Sprocket 45, which is connected via a chain 46 to a tubular carrying a sprocket Toothed carrier 47 is coupled, which is rotatably mounted on the hollow shaft 26 in bearings 54 is. The toothed carrier 47 has an extension 48 which fits into the coupling sleeve 49 engages and carries an outer ring gear 51, which with the inner ring gear 50 of the Coupling sleeve 49 is permanently engaged. The coupling sleeve 49 can be in Move in the direction of the positioning axis X. On the hollow shaft 26 is in the coupling sleeve 49 a ring carrier 53 is non-rotatably fixed and has an external ring gear 56. On the coupling sleeve 49 engages a driver 57, which has an adjusting lever 58 is connected to the switch 16. The actuating lever 58 is (FIG. 6) around a housing-fixed Swivel pin 59 can be swung back and forth. The switch 16 leaves itself in a backdrop 61 of a backdrop support 60 in different pivot positions of the actuating lever 58 determine the different displacement positions of the coupling sleeve Define 49 along the positioning axis X. The above components form a gearbox G of the drive unit A.

4 shows the neutral position of the manual transmission G. The internal sprockets 52 and 50 of the coupling sleeve 49 do not mesh with any of the external ring gears 25 and 56. The coupling sleeve 49 is only over the inner ring gear 50 with the outer ring gear 51 of the tooth carrier 47, 48 coupled. The hollow shaft 26 with the rockers S and the impellers L can also be rotated. If the changeover switch from the in Fig. 6 shown position in the backdrop 61, e.g. down in Fig. 4, the Coupling sleeve 49 moved until the inner ring gear 50 with the outer ring gear 56 is engaged. A rotary movement of the drive motor M is applied to the hollow shaft 26 transmitted, which rotates the rocker S around the adjusting axis X.

If the changeover switch 16 in FIG. 4 is adjusted upward and fixed in the setting 71, then the coupling sleeve 49 is moved down along the actuating axis X, until the inner ring gear 50 emerges from the outer ring gear 56 and the inner ring gear 52 enters the external ring gear 25. A rotary motion of the drive motor M is via the coupling sleeve 49 on the drive tube 23 and the sprocket 22nd and transfer the chain 20 to the impeller hubs 18.

5 illustrates the arrangement of the various chain drives with the chains 46, 20 and 29 in the drive unit A. From the drive motor M to the hollow shaft 26 is a translation provided for slow, while for the driving-drive connection too a ratio of about 1: 1 can be provided for the at least one sprocket 19 can. The deflection wheels 30, 21 have the task of ensuring favorable wrap angles. Instead of chain drives, toothed belt drives could be provided.

In order to set the swingarm S for driving on level ground until only the e.g. stand up rear wheels, could be a blocking or braking device, not shown be provided, the rockers, e.g. via the drive motor M and the ring carrier 52 are brought into the desired position. The diameter the wheels L could be larger than shown to increase the ride comfort. The The center distance of the wheels on each side should only be chosen as large (to provide good comfort when climbing stairs) as it is easy to overcome of standard levels is currently needed. For very large wheels could each on their common rocker S in the direction of the actuating axis X be offset from each other so that their outer diameters overlap.

The wheelchair R is with the drive unit A in several support or fastening points connected. In the event that the drive unit as a retrofit kit for one usual manual wheelchair is intended, several support and attachment points, e.g. provided on the housing 40 of the drive unit A, so that the drive unit is compatible with different wheelchair types and one as Relative position between the drive unit and the wheelchair felt comfortable R can be selected. The guide bracket 3 could be in its inclined position relative to the drive unit A to be adjustable.

Claims (24)

Wheelchair (R) with a stair climbing device, with a drive unit (A) containing at least one drive motor (M, M1) and arranged on the wheelchair (R), on which two wheels (L) spaced apart in the direction of travel are arranged on parallel wheel axles (32) on each side are, which for climbing stairs on the drive unit (A) can be moved up and down in relation to each other at least on both sides synchronously via a climbing drive connection to the drive motor, characterized in that the two impeller axes (32) on each side in a two-armed rocker (S ) are supported so that the two rockers (S) are rotatably mounted together in the drive unit (A) about a positioning axis (X) positioned between the impeller axes and parallel to it, for a rotary movement, and that at least in the drive unit (A) a drive-drive connection that can be optionally activated instead of the climbing drive connection from the drive motor (M, M1) to at least one of the wheels he (L) is provided. Wheelchair according to claim 1, characterized in that the wheelchair (R) is a manual standard wheelchair to which the drive unit (A) is removably attached. Wheelchair according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive unit (A) is permanently integrated into a self-propelled wheelchair (R) as an optionally controllable stair climbing and travel drive. Wheelchair according to claim 1, characterized in that in each rocker (S) for each wheel (L) a brake device (Z) controlled via button (T) is provided, the button (T) of the drive unit (A) independent of the rocker -Rotation position is supported in a predetermined position, and that selectively operable brake release devices (43, 44) are provided. Wheelchair according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer diameter of the wheels (L), the wheel axle spacing and the swing arm height are each matched to the dimensioning of standard stair steps (BT) in such a way that with the entry side of the wheelchair (R) pointing down the stairs and in front of the Step end face (10) on the step surface (9) standing one impeller (L) the other impeller (L) with the rocker (S) over the step edge (11) of the next step on the step surface (9) of this next step and with a predetermined safety distance (Y) from the step edge (11) can be blocked, for example with a safety distance (Y) corresponding to at least about a quarter of the outer diameter of the impeller (L). Wheelchair according to claim 1, characterized in that a common drive motor (M) is provided for the first and second drive connections. Wheelchair according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of drive motors (M, M1) are provided in the drive unit (A). Wheelchair according to claim 7, characterized in that a drive motor (M, M1) is provided per rocker (S) and that at least one individual control (5, 5 ') for the direction of travel, speed and steering movements (5, 5') is provided on the wheelchair (R) for the drive motors. 15, 5, 5 ') is arranged, preferably with a joystick (15). Wheelchair according to claim 1, characterized in that both drive connections have chain or toothed belt drives. Wheelchair according to claim 1, characterized in that a shifting gear (G) which can be switched between an idle position and at least two shift positions activating the two drive connections is arranged on the adjusting axis (X). Wheelchair according to claim 10, characterized in that the rockers (S) are connected to one another via a hollow shaft (26) which can be rotated about the adjusting axis (X), and on the hollow shaft (26) a tubular one coupled to the respective drive motor (M, M1) Toothed carrier (47, 48) is rotatably mounted, on which a tubular, internal toothing (50, 52) coupling sleeve (49) can be displaced in the direction of the actuating axis (X), that in the toothed carrier a riser connected non-rotatably to the hollow shaft (26) Gear ring (56) and a driving sprocket (25), which is coupled to impellers (L) and is mounted on the hollow shaft and in the housing (40) of the drive unit (A) and is provided with a driving sprocket (25), and that from the internal gears in each switching position at least one can be brought into engagement with one of the sprockets. Wheelchair according to Claim 11, characterized in that a changeover driver (57) connected to an adjusting lever (58) or changeover switch (16) or a pedal acts on the coupling sleeve (49). Wheelchair according to claim 4, characterized in that a brake sprocket (28) interlocked with the drive unit (A) is provided on each side, and in the rocker arm (S) there are two wheel axles (32) each carrying a button (T) the brake sprocket coupling chain or toothed belt drive (29) is provided. Wheelchair according to claim 13, characterized in that the button (T) is coupled to the wheel axis (32) and projects beyond the outer diameter of the wheel to the ground, when climbing stairs the step surface (9) within the predetermined safety distance (Y) between the step edge ( 11) and the contact point (12) of the impeller (L) and before falling below the safety distance (Y) and when the step edge (11) reaches the braking device (Z) of the impeller (L). Wheelchair according to claim 14, characterized in that the braking device (Z) per wheel (L) has at least one counter-braking surface (39) which is aligned with a braking surface (38) of the running wheel (L) which is coaxial with the wheel axis and is pivotally supported in a knee joint (34) , which, preferably, includes a tightening angle (α) with the braking surface (38), which converges in a critical direction of rotation of the impeller. Wheelchair according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a brake carrier (33) is fixed non-rotatably on the impeller axis (32) and has a knee joint (34) offset from the impeller axis (32) for a brake lever (35) and a brake lever biasing spring (42) that the biasing spring (42) acts on the brake lever around the knee joint in the direction of the braking position, and that the disengaging device (43, 44) on the brake lever (35) or the button (T) arranged on the brake lever can be brought to attack , Wheelchair according to claim 16, characterized in that the disengaging device has a leaf spring (43, 44) which can be hung on the brake lever (35) and holds it in a disengaged position. Wheelchair according to claim 16, characterized in that the disengaging device has at least one Bowden cable which engages on the brake lever (35) and leads to an actuation in the wheelchair (R) or on the rear of the wheelchair. Wheelchair according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the disengaging device is operatively coupled to the actuating lever or pedal or changeover switch (16) for the manual transmission (G), in such a way that the braking devices (Z) are automatic when the climbing drive connection is set activated and automatically deactivated when the drive / drive connection is set. Wheelchair according to claim 1, characterized in that a driving chain drive (19, 20, 21, 22) for at least one wheel (L) is provided on at least one rocker (S). Wheelchair according to claim 1, characterized in that the rocker (S) comprises bearing points for the wheels (L) and a connection (41) for the hollow shaft (26). Wheelchair according to claim 2, characterized in that the drive unit (A) is inserted under the rear of the standard wheelchair (R) instead of the rear wheels, the wheelchair being connectable to bearing points of the drive unit and the frame structure (7) of the wheelchair (7) additionally can be blocked with at least one further support point (2) on the drive unit (A). Wheelchair according to claim 22, characterized in that the drive unit (A) has a housing (40) which has at least one set of differently positioned bearing points and spaced-apart support points for optional blocking with the frame structure (7) of the wheelchair (R), such that that the drive unit (A) can be connected to the standard wheelchair in a relative position which is expediently selectable for the wheelchair user, the wheelchair operator and / or the stair step geometry. Wheelchair according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (40) has a guide bracket (3) on the rear, which slants backwards at an angle and has guide handles (4), and, preferably, can be adjusted in its inclined position on the housing (40) is.

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