CN1936616B - 处理gps信号的gps接收机及方法 - Google Patents

处理gps信号的gps接收机及方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1936616B
CN1936616B CN2006101003002A CN200610100300A CN1936616B CN 1936616 B CN1936616 B CN 1936616B CN 2006101003002 A CN2006101003002 A CN 2006101003002A CN 200610100300 A CN200610100300 A CN 200610100300A CN 1936616 B CN1936616 B CN 1936616B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
signal
gps
satellite
gps receiver
information
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
CN2006101003002A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN1936616A (zh
Inventor
N·F·克拉斯内尔
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SnapTrack Inc
Original Assignee
SnapTrack Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SnapTrack Inc filed Critical SnapTrack Inc
Publication of CN1936616A publication Critical patent/CN1936616A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1936616B publication Critical patent/CN1936616B/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/3805Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving with built-in auxiliary receivers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S1/00Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
    • G01S1/02Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using radio waves
    • G01S1/04Details
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/03Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers
    • G01S19/05Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers providing aiding data
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/03Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers
    • G01S19/09Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers providing processing capability normally carried out by the receiver
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/13Receivers
    • G01S19/24Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system
    • G01S19/25Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system involving aiding data received from a cooperating element, e.g. assisted GPS
    • G01S19/254Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system involving aiding data received from a cooperating element, e.g. assisted GPS relating to Doppler shift of satellite signals
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/13Receivers
    • G01S19/24Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system
    • G01S19/25Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system involving aiding data received from a cooperating element, e.g. assisted GPS
    • G01S19/258Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system involving aiding data received from a cooperating element, e.g. assisted GPS relating to the satellite constellation, e.g. almanac, ephemeris data, lists of satellites in view
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/13Receivers
    • G01S19/34Power consumption
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/13Receivers
    • G01S19/35Constructional details or hardware or software details of the signal processing chain
    • G01S19/37Hardware or software details of the signal processing chain
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/273Adaptation for carrying or wearing by persons or animals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03JTUNING RESONANT CIRCUITS; SELECTING RESONANT CIRCUITS
    • H03J7/00Automatic frequency control; Automatic scanning over a band of frequencies
    • H03J7/02Automatic frequency control
    • H03J7/04Automatic frequency control where the frequency control is accomplished by varying the electrical characteristics of a non-mechanically adjustable element or where the nature of the frequency controlling element is not significant
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03JTUNING RESONANT CIRCUITS; SELECTING RESONANT CIRCUITS
    • H03J7/00Automatic frequency control; Automatic scanning over a band of frequencies
    • H03J7/02Automatic frequency control
    • H03J7/04Automatic frequency control where the frequency control is accomplished by varying the electrical characteristics of a non-mechanically adjustable element or where the nature of the frequency controlling element is not significant
    • H03J7/06Automatic frequency control where the frequency control is accomplished by varying the electrical characteristics of a non-mechanically adjustable element or where the nature of the frequency controlling element is not significant using counters or frequency dividers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/0003Software-defined radio [SDR] systems, i.e. systems wherein components typically implemented in hardware, e.g. filters or modulators/demodulators, are implented using software, e.g. by involving an AD or DA conversion stage such that at least part of the signal processing is performed in the digital domain
    • H04B1/0007Software-defined radio [SDR] systems, i.e. systems wherein components typically implemented in hardware, e.g. filters or modulators/demodulators, are implented using software, e.g. by involving an AD or DA conversion stage such that at least part of the signal processing is performed in the digital domain wherein the AD/DA conversion occurs at radiofrequency or intermediate frequency stage
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/06Receivers
    • H04B1/16Circuits
    • H04B1/26Circuits for superheterodyne receivers
    • H04B1/28Circuits for superheterodyne receivers the receiver comprising at least one semiconductor device having three or more electrodes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/03Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers
    • G01S19/10Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers providing dedicated supplementary positioning signals
    • G01S19/11Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers providing dedicated supplementary positioning signals wherein the cooperating elements are pseudolites or satellite radio beacon positioning system signal repeaters
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S2205/00Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S2205/001Transmission of position information to remote stations
    • G01S2205/008Transmission of position information to remote stations using a mobile telephone network
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2221/00Indexing scheme relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/21Indexing scheme relating to G06F21/00 and subgroups addressing additional information or applications relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/2111Location-sensitive, e.g. geographical location, GPS
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03DDEMODULATION OR TRANSFERENCE OF MODULATION FROM ONE CARRIER TO ANOTHER
    • H03D7/00Transference of modulation from one carrier to another, e.g. frequency-changing
    • H03D7/16Multiple-frequency-changing
    • H03D7/161Multiple-frequency-changing all the frequency changers being connected in cascade
    • H03D7/163Multiple-frequency-changing all the frequency changers being connected in cascade the local oscillations of at least two of the frequency changers being derived from a single oscillator
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03JTUNING RESONANT CIRCUITS; SELECTING RESONANT CIRCUITS
    • H03J2200/00Indexing scheme relating to tuning resonant circuits and selecting resonant circuits
    • H03J2200/11Cellular receiver, e.g. GSM, combined with a GPS receiver
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B2001/3894Waterproofing of transmission device

Abstract

一个实施例中的GPS接收机包括从视野中的卫星接收RF频率的GPS信号的天线;与天线连接的下变频器,将接收GPS信号的RF频率降到中频(IF);与下变频器相连的数字化转换器,以预定速率对IF GPS信号抽样,产生抽样的IF GPS信号;与数字化转换器相边听存储器,存储抽样的IF GPS信号(GPS信号的抽样转储);以及与存储器相连的数字信号处理器(DSP),按照存储的指令操作,藉此在抽样IF GPS信号上执行快速傅立叶变换(FFT)运算,提供伪距离信息。这些运算一般也包括GPS信号的预处理和后处理。在数据抽样转储完成之后,接收机前端掉电。在一个实施例中的GPS接收机也包括其它电源管理特性,并且在另一个实施例中也包括在它的本振中纠正错误的勇力,用于对GPS信号抽样。伪距离的计算速度、以及运算的灵敏度通过视野中卫星的多普勒频移从一个外部源-诸如本发明的一个实施例中的基站-到该接收机的转移来增强。

Description

处理GPS信号的GPS接收机及方法
发明背景
有关申请
这个申请涉及同一发明者在与这个申请同一天提交的两个专利申请;这两个申请是:An Improved GPS Receiver Utilizing a CommunicationLink(Serial No.08/612,582,1996年3月8日提交);An Improved GPSReceiver Having Power Management(Serial No.08/613,966,1996年3月8日提交)。
这个申请也涉及并藉此要求同一发明者Norman F.Krasner的监时专利申请的提交日期的权益,该申请题为Low Power,SensitivePseudorange Mesaurement Apparaatus and Method for Global PositioningSatellites Systems,Serial No.60/005,328,1995年10月9日提交。
这个专利文件揭示的一部分包括受到版权保护的材料。版权所有者不希望任何人传真复制该专利文件或专利揭示在专利及商标局专利文件或记录中出现的形式,而是保留其全部版权。
1.发明领域
本发明涉及能够确定卫星的位置信息的接收机,并且更具体地涉及这种在全球定位卫星(GPS)系统中得到应用的接收机。
2.背景领域
GPS接收机一般通过计算从多个GPS(或NAVSTAR)卫星同时发送的信号的相对到达时间来确定其位置。作为其消息的一部分,这些卫星发送卫星位置数据以及时钟定时数据,所谓“星历”数据。搜索并捕获GPS信号的过程、从多个卫星读取星历数据并且从这个数据计算该接收机的位置是很耗时的,常常需要几分钟。在很多情况下,这个很长的处理时间时不可接受的,而且在微小型化便携应用中大大限制了电池的寿命。
当前GPS接收机的另一个局限是它们的操作限于多个卫星在视野中很清晰、不受遮挡这样的情况,而且必须恰当地放置一个质量很好的天线去接收这种信号。正因为如此,在便携、随身放置的应用中、在有相当多树叶或建筑物遮盖的地区、以及在定内应用中一般是不能使用的。
GPS接收系统有两个主要功能:(1)到各个GPS卫星的伪距离的计算,以及(2)使用这些伪距离以及卫星定时和星历数据计算接收平台的位置。简单地说伪距离就是从每个卫星接收的信号与本地时钟之间测量的时延。一旦GPS信号被捕获并跟踪,卫星星历以及定时数据就从GPS信号中提取。如上所述,采集这种信息一般需要相对较长的时间(30秒到几分钟)并且必须用好的接收信号电平来完成一般实现低误码率。
实际上众所周知的GPS接收机利用相关的方法计算伪距离。这些相关方法通常用硬件相关器实时地完成。GPS信号包括高速率重复的信号,所谓伪随机(PN)序列。用于民用的码称为C/A码,具有1.023MHz的二进制相位反转速率,或“切普”速率,1毫秒的码周期的重复周期为1023个切普。家喻户晓的码序列是Gold码。每个GPS卫星用一种唯一的Gold码广播信号。
对于从给定GPS卫星接收的信号,下变频到基带的处理之后,相关接收机用包含于本地存储器中的恰当的Gold码的存储副本乘以所接收的信号,然后将所得乘积结果积分,或者低通滤波,以便得到信号出现的指示。这个过程的术语是“相关”运算。通过相对于接收信号连续地调整这个存储副本的相对定时,并且观察相关输出,接收机可以确定接收信号和本地时钟之间的时延。这种输出出现的最初确定被称之为“捕获”。一旦捕获发生,处理就进入“跟踪”阶段,其特征是少量调整本地参考的定时,以便维持高相关输出。跟踪阶段中的相关输出可以看作是去掉伪随机码的GPS信号,或者用通用术语来说,即“解扩”。这个信号是窄带的,相当于叠加在GPS波形上的每秒50比特的二进制相移键控数据信号的带宽。
相关振获过程是非常耗时的,特别是在接收信号很弱的时候。为了改善捕获时间,大多数GPS接收机利用多个相关器(一般多达12个),以便并行搜索相关峰。
一些现有的GPS接收机使用FFT技术确定所接收的GPS信号的多勒频率。这些接收机利用常规的相关运算,对GPS信号解扩并提供窄带信号,带宽一般在10kHz到30kHz的范围内。所得的窄带信号用FFT算法做傅立叶分析,确定载波频率。这种载波确定同时提供本地PN参考被调整到接收信号的正确相位的指示并提供了载波频率的精确测量。然后可以在接收机的跟踪操作中使用这个频率。
Johnson的U.S.专利No.5,420,592讨论了使用FFT算法在中央处理单元计算伪距离,而不是在移动单元。根据该方法,GPS接收机收集数据的抽样转储,然后通过数据链路发送到远端接收机,在那里进行FFT处理。但是,其中揭示的方法在执行该组相关时只计算了单个正向以及逆快速傅立叶变换(对应于四个PN周期)。
正如从本发明的如下描述中明显看到的,较高的灵敏度和较高的处理速度可以通过执行大量的FFT运算以及特殊的预处理和后处理运算来实现。
在这个专利中,常常用到术语相关、卷积和匹配滤波。术语“相关”当用于两个数字序列时意味着将两个序列中相应的部分逐项相乘,然后将序列相加。有时称为“串行相关”,并得到单个数的输出。在有些情况下,在连续的数据组上执行连续的相关运算。
术语“卷积”当用于两个数字序列时与本领域通用的用法相同并等效于长度为m的第二序列用一个滤波器滤波,该滤波器对应于具有长度为n的冲击响应的第一序列。其结果是长度为m+n-1的第三序列。术语“匹配滤波”是指卷积或滤波运算,其中上述滤波器的冲击响应是第一序列的时间反转的复共轭。术语“快速卷积”用于表示用有效的方式计算卷积运算的算法序列。
一些作者互换地使用术语相关和卷积;但是,为了清楚起见,在这个专利中,术语相关总是指上述的串行相关运算。
发明综述
本发明的一个实施例提供了一种方法,从基站通过一条数据通信链路向远端单元或移运GPS单元发送GPS卫星信息,包括多普勒,以便确定远端GPS接收机的位置。远端单元使用这个信息以及从视野中的卫星接收的GPS信号,随后计算出到该卫星的伪距离。然后将所计算的伪距离发送到基站,在那里计算远端单元的位置。也描述了完成这个方法的不同的设备实施例。
本发明的另一个实施例提供了一种GPS接收机,具有从视野中的卫星接收GPS信号的天线;以及将接收GPS信号的RF频率降到中频(IF)的下变频器。IF信号被数字并存储在存储器中以备接收机随后处理。在本发明的一个实施例中,这个处理一般使用可编程的数字信号处理器来完成,数字信号处理器执行在抽样IF GPS信号上完成快速卷积(例如FFT)运算所必须的指令,以便提供伪距离信息。这些运算一般也包括对GPS信号的存储版本或GPS信号的处理及存储版本进行预处理(在快速卷积之前)和后处理(快速卷积之后)。
本发明的另一个实施例提供了一种GPS接收机的电源管理方法,并提供了一种具有电源管理特性的GPS接收机。通过从视野中的卫星接收GPS信号;缓存这些信号;然后关闭GPS接收机来降低现有系统的功率消耗也描述了其它电源管理特性。
附图简述
本发明通过例子来阐述,但是不限于附图中的图,图中的标识表示类似的单元,其中:
图1A是使用本发明方法的远端或移动GPS接收系统的主要部件的框图,并且表示了可能在基站和远端之间存在的数据链路。
图1B是可选择的GPS移动单元的框图。
图1C是另一个可选的GPS移动单元的框图。
图2A和2B提供了作为本发明实施例的接收机的两个可选的RF和IF部分。
图3表示根据本发明的方法,可编程DSP处理器所执行的主要运算(例如,软件运算)的流程图。
图4说明根据本发明方法的各种处理阶段上的信号处理波形。
图5A说明本发明的一个实施例中的基站系统。
图5B说明本发明的一个可选实施例中的基站系统。
图6说明根据本发明的一个方面,具有本振校正或校准的GPS移动单元。
图7表示根据本发明的一个实施例的移动单元的电源管理方法。
发明详述
这个发明有关计算称动站、或远端站位置的装置和方法,其目的是得到具有很低电源消耗并能够以很低接收信号电平操作的远端硬件的一种方法。即,降低电源消耗同时提高接收机灵敏度。通过实现图1A中所示的远端接收功能、以及从分别放置的基站10向远端站或GPS移动单元20发送多普勒信息使之成为可能。
应该注意到可以用很多不同的方式使用伪距离计算远端站的地理位置。有三个例子是:
1.方法1:通过从基站10向远端站20重发卫星数据消息,远端站20可以将这个信息与伪距离测量结合计算其位置。例如,见U.S.专利No.5,365,450,在这里结合作为参考。典型地,远端单元20在远端站20中进行位置计算。
2.方法2:远端站20可以用本领域通用的一般方式从GPS信号接收中采集卫星星历数据。这个数据,一般在一到两个小时内有效,可以与伪距离测量结合,一般在远端单元中完成位置计算。
3.方法3:远端站20可以通过通信链路16将伪距离发送到基站10,基站将这个信息与卫星星历数据结合完成位置计算。例如,见U.S.专利No.5,225,842,在这里结合作为参考。
在途径(或方法)1和3中,假设基站10和远端站20对所讨论的所有卫星具有共同的视角并且彼此位置足够近,可以解决与GPS伪随机码的重复速率有关的时间模糊性问题。当基站10和远端站20之间的范围是光速乘以PN重复周期(1毫秒)的1/2,或大约150公里时可以满足该要求。
为了解释本发明,假设使用方法3完成位置计算。但是,当讨论这个说明时,本领域的技术人员将会理解到,可以与上三种方法中任何一个以及其它途径一起使用本发明的各种方面和实施例。例如,在方法1的变形中,卫星数据信息,例如卫星星历的数据表示,可以由基站发送到远端单元,而且这个卫星数据信息可以与从缓存的GPS信号中根据本发明计算出来的伪距离结合,提供远端单元的纬度和经度(而且在很多情况下也有高度)。可以理解的是从远端站接收的位置信息可以限于纬度和经度,或者可以是包括远端站的纬度、经度、高度、速度和方位在内的扩展信息。特别是,本发明的本振校正及/或电源管理方面可以在方法1的这个变形中使用。而且,多普勒信息可以发送到远端单元20并由远端单元20根据本发明的方面来使用。
在方法3中,基站10通过在如图1A所示的数据通信链路16上发送消息来命令远端站20进行测量。基站10也在这个消息内发送构成卫星数据信息的视野中卫星的多普勒信息。这个多普勒信息一般在频率信息格式中,而且该消息一般也说明了视野中特定卫星的标识或其它初始化数据。这个消息由作为远端单元20一部分的单独的调制解调器22来接收,并且存储在与低功耗微处理器26相连的存储器30中。微处理器26处理远端单元处理部件32-48与调制解调器22之间的数据信息传递,并且控制远端接收机20内的电源管理功能,正如随后讨论中所见的。一般,微处理器26将大多数或所有远端单元20的硬件设置为低功耗、或下电状态,进行伪距离及/或其它GPS计算时、或当提供可选电源时除外。但是,调制解调器的接收机部分至少要周期性地打开(至全功率),以便确定基站10是否发送了一条确定远端站位置的命令。
这个上述的多普勒信息持续时间很短,因为这种多普勒信息所需的精度不很高。例如,如果需10Hz精度而且最大多普勒频移大约±7kHz,那么视野中的每个卫星只要11比特定就足够了。如果视野中有8个卫星,那么需要88比特描述所有这些多普勒频移。使用这个信息避免了远端站20搜索这种多普勒频移的必要,藉此将其处理时间降低到十分之一以下。多普勒信息的使用也使GPS移动单元20更快地处理GPS信号抽样,而且这会趋于减少处理器32必须得到全功率以便计算位置信息的时间量。只这样就降低了远端单元20所消耗的功率并有助于改善灵敏度。附加信息也可以发送到远端站20,包括GPS消息中的数据时间点。
接收的数据链路信号可以使用精确的载波频率。远端站接收机20可以使用自动频率控制(AFC)环路锁定到这个载波上并藉此校准其本身的参考振荡器,如图6所示。10毫秒的滔滔息发送时间、20dB的接收信噪比,一般会使通过AFC的频率测量达到10Hz或更好的精度。这一般会超过本发明所需的精度。这个特性也将增强常规地或者使用本发明的快速卷积方法所进行的位置计算的精度。
在本发明的一个实施例中,通信链路16是商用的窄带射频通信媒体,诸如双向寻呼系统。这个系统可以用于远端站20和基站10之间发送的数据量较少的实施例中。多普勒频移以及其它数据(例如,如视野中卫星的标识这样的初始化数据)的发送所需的数据量较少,而且类似地,位置信息(例如,伪距离)所需的数据量也较少。因此,窄带系统对于这个实施例足够了。这不象那些需要在短时间段内发送大量数据的系统;这些系统可能需要较高带宽的射频通信媒体。
一旦远端站20接收到GPS处理的命令(例如,从基站10)以及多普勒信息,微处理器26就通过电池和电源管理器以及电源开关电路36(以及受控电源线21a、21b、21c和21d)激活RF到IF变频器42、模数转换器44以及数字抽样转储存储器46,藉此对这些部件提供全功率。这样,使来自GPS卫星、通过天线40接收的信号下变频到IF频率,随后进行数字化。将相邻的这样一组数据,一般对应于100毫秒到1秒(或者甚至更长)的持续时间,存储在抽样转储存储器46中。存储的数据量可以受微处理器26的控制,使得在保存电源不如得到更好的灵敏度重要的情况下,可以在存储器46中存储更多的数据(得到较好的灵敏度),而且当保存电源比灵敏度更重要的情况下可以存储较少的数据。一般,当妗号可能部分被遮盖时灵敏度就更重要些,当有丰富的电源(例如,汽车电池)提供时保存电源就不太重要。该存储器46存储该数据的寻址受到现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)集成电路48的控制。GPS信号的下变频使用频率合成器38完成,频率合成器38为变频器42提供本振信号39,正如下面进一步讨论的。
注意在这段时间中(当抽样转储存储器46被填入来自视野中卫星的数字化GPS信号时)DSP微处理器32可以保持在低功耗状态。RF到IF变频器42以及模数转换器44一般只打开很短的一段时间,足够采集并存储伪距离计算所需的数据即可。在数据采集完成之后,这些转换器电路关闭或者通过受控电源线21b和21c将功率降低(存储器46继续得到全功率),这样在实际的伪距离计算过程中不贡献附加的功耗。然后,在一个实施例中使用通用、可编程数字信号处理器IC 32(DSP)进行伪距离计算,例如备州仪器公司(Texas Instruments)的TMS320C30集成电路。在进行这种计算之前,这个DSP 32由微处理器26以及电路36通过受控电源线21e置于激活电源装态。
这个DSP 32不同于一些远端GPS单元中使用的其它类型,比较专门定制的数字信号处理IC而言,它是通用的而且可编程的。此外,DSP 32使利用快速傅立叶变换(FFT)算法成为可能,通过在本地产生的参考和接收信号之间快速完成大量的相关运算来实现非常快速的伪距离计算。一般,需要2046个这样的相关,以完成每个接收的GPS信号的时间点搜索。快速傅立叶变换算法允许对所有这样的位置进行同时以及并行的搜索,这样就可以将所需的计算过程加速到常规方法的10倍到100倍。
一旦DSP 32对每个视野中卫星完成为伪距离计算,在一个发明的实施例中,它将这个信息通过互连总线33发送到微片量器26。此时微处理器26可以通过向电池和电源管理器电路36发送适当的控制信号使DSP 32和存储器46再次进入低功耗状态。然扣为了最后的位置计算,微处理器26利用调制解调器22在数据链路16上向基站10发送伪距离数据。除了伪距离数据,可以同时向基站10发送时间标记,表示从在缓存器46中采集初始数据到数据通过数据链路16发送的时刻所经历的时间。这个时间标记提高了基站进行位置计算的能力,因为它允许在数据采集时间计算GPS卫星位置。作为一种可选的方案,根据上述方法上,DSP 32可以计算远端单元的位置(例如,纬度、经度或纬度、经度和高度)并将这个数据发送到微处理器26,后者类似地将这个数据通过调制解调器22中继到基站10。在这种情况下,通过DSP维持从卫星数据消息接收到缓存器数据采集开始时刻所经历的时间来减轻位置计算。这样改善了远端单元进行位置计算的能力,因为它允许在数据采集时刻进行GPS卫星位置的计算。
如图1A所示,在一个实施例中,调制解调器22使用单独的天线24通过数据链路16发送和接收消息。应该理解的是,调制解调器22包括一个通信接收机和一个通信发射机,交替耦合到天线24。类似地,基站10可以使用单独的天线14发送和接收数据链路消息,因此允许在基站10通过GPS天线12连续地接收GPS信号。
如所希望的,在典型的例子中,DSP 32中的位置计算将需要少于几秒的时间,根据存储在数字抽样转储存储器46中的数据量以及DSP或几个DSP的速度而定。
从上面讨论中可以清楚的是,如果来自基站10的位置计算命令不太频繁,远端单元20只需要将其高功耗电路激活一小段时间。可以预期的是,在至少很多情况下,这种命令只会使远端设备在大约1%或更少的时间内激活到它的高功耗状态。
这样就允许电池工作到其它可能会达到的时间长度的100倍。执行电源管理操作所必须的程序命令存储在EEPROM 28或其它合适的存储介质中。这种电源管理策略对于不同的供电环境都是可接受的。例如,当主电源可用时,位置确定可以连续地进行。
如上所示,数字抽样转储存储器46捕获对应于相当长时间的记录。这种使用快速卷积方法的大块数据的有效处理为本发明提供了以低接收电平处理信号的能力(例如,当由于建筑物、树木等的部分遮盖造成接收较差时)。所有可见GPS卫星的伪距离都使用这种同样缓存的数据进行计算。在信号幅度快速变化情况(例如城市遮盖条件下)下,相对于连续跟踪GPS接收机,这就提供了改善的性能。
图1B中所示的一个稍微不同的实现无需微处理器26及其外设(RAM 30和EEPROM 28)而且用更复杂的FPGA(现场可编程门阵列)49内所包含的附加电路来替换它们的功率。在这种情况下,FPAG 49,一个低功率器件,用于当通过到连19检测到调制解调器22的激活时醒DSP 32a芯片。互连19将调制解调器连接到DSP 32a以及FPGA 19。当唤醒DSP芯片32a时,它直接从调制解调器发送和接收数据/DSP 32a也通过它的互连18执行功率控制操作,互连18连接到电池和电源管理器以及开关36,为电路36提供电源开/关命令。DSP 32a根据诸如图7所示的电源管理方法,通过互连18提供给电路36的电源开/并命令,选择性地打开电源或降低不同器件的功率。电路36接收这些命令并选择性地为不同器件提供电源(或降低功率)。电路36通过互连17唤醒DSP 36通过选择性地通过可控电源线21a、21b、21c、21d以及21f中所选的一个进行电源切换,从而选择性地为不同器件提供电源。因此,例如,为了给变频器42和转换器44提供电源,可以通过线路21b和21c给这些转换器提供电源。类似地,调制解调器的电源通过可控的电源线21f提供。
低频晶振47连接到存储器和电源管理FPGA 49。在一个实施例中,存储器和电源管理FPGA 49包含一个包括低频振荡器47的低功率定时器。当FPGA49定时器超时时,FPGA 49就通过互连17向DSP 32a发送唤醒信号,然后DSP 32a就通过向电池和电源管理器以及电源开关电路36提供电源开/关命令来唤醒其它电路。其它电路通过电路36控制之下的可控电源线21a、21b、21c、21d以及21f上电,以便进行位置运算(例如确定诸如伪距离或纬度及经度之类的位置信息)。位置运算之后,DSP 32A复位FPGA定时器并降低其本身的功率,电路36也根据图7所示的方法降低其它器件的功率。应该理解的是,电池或多个电池通过受存储器及电源管理FPGA 49以及DSP 32a控制的电源线为所有功率可控的电路提供电源。也应该理解的是,不是直接通过控制到器件的电源线(例如21b)来降低功率,而是通过对该器件发信令(如图1B中所示的通过互连17的DSP 32a的情况)减少功率或唤醒至全功率,来减少器件所消耗的功率;当一个器件,例如一个集成电路,具有控制该器件的功率状态的输入时,而且该器件具有控制功率消耗所必须的内部逻辑(例如,降低该器件不同逻辑模块的功率的逻辑)时,这就常常是可能的。存储器及电源管理FPGA 49提供存储器控制和管理,包括数据从转换器44存储到存储器46时或当DSP器件32a从存储器46中读数据时的寻址操作。如果必要的话,FPGA 49也可以控制诸如存储器刷新之类的其它存储器功能。
图1C表示根据本发明的GPS移动单元的另一个实施例,包括很多与图1A和1B所示的GPS移动单元相同的器件。此外,图1C中所示的GPS移动单元包知电源管理器77,连接它以便从多个电池81以及可选的外部电源输入83和太阳能电池79接收功率。电源管理器77在可控电源线的控制下为所有电路提供电源,可控电源线由图1C中所示的DSP芯片32a和存储器及电源管理FPGA 49进行管理。太阳能电池79可以使用常规的充电技术对那些电池充电。除了对电池充电以外,太阳能电池79也可以对GPS移动单元提供电源。在图1C所示的实施例中,FPGA 49通过互连75对DSP芯片32a提供唤醒信号;这个信号使DSP芯片架到全功率,以便进行为DSP芯片32a所描述的各种功能。DSP芯片也可以通过来自调制解调器22的外部命令激活到全功率状态,调制解调器22通过互连19直接连接到DSP芯片。
图1C也表示了本发明的一个特性,即允许GPS移动单元为保存电源而折衷灵敏度。正如这里所描述的,GPS移动单元的灵敏度可以通过增加存储在存储器46中的缓存GPS信号量来增加。通过采集并数字化更多的GPS信号并将该数据存储在存储器46中可以实现。尽管这种增加的缓存造成了更多的功耗时,但改善了GPS移动单元的灵敏度。这种增加灵敏度模式可以通过GPS单元上的功率模式开关85来选择,该开关连接到总线19为DSP芯片32a提供进入增加灵敏度模式的命令。还可以通过采集较少的GPS信号的抽样转储并藉此在存储器46中存储较少量的GPS信号实现选择性地使这个功率模式开关85向DSP芯片32a发送保存更多的电源并提供较低灵敏度的命令。应该理解的是,这个功率模式选择也可以通过从基站向调制解调器22发送一个信号来实现,调制解调器22再通过互连19向DSP芯片32a传递这个命令。
移动GPS单元的RF到IF频率变换器以及数字化系统的一个代表性例子示于图2A。1575.42MHz的输入信号通过限带滤波器(BPF)50以及低噪声放大器(LNA)52传递并发送到频率转换级。这级中所用的本振(LO)56被锁相(通过PLL 58)到2.048MHz(或其谐波分量)的温补晶振(TCXO)60上。在优选的实施例中,LO频率是1531.392MHz,即2991×0.512MHz。所产生的IF信号以44.028MHz为中心。这个IF是所需要的,因为接近44MHz的低成本器件有供应。特别是,电视应用中用得很多的声表面波滤波器(SAW)是很容易得到的。当然,可以使用其它的限带器件,而不是SAW器件。
接收的GPS信号在混频器54中与LO信号混频,产生IF信号。这个IF信号通过SAW滤波器64,精确限带到2MHz带宽,然后送到I/Q下变频器68,将该信号转换成接近基带(标称4kHz中心频率)。这个下变频器的本振频率从2.048MHz的TCXO 60得到,为1.024MHz的43次谐波,即44.032MHz。
I/Q下变频器68一般是有供货的RF器件。它通常由两个混频器和低通滤器组成。在这种情况下,一个混频器的输入口馈入IF信号和LO信号,另一个混频器的输入口馈入相同的IF信号和相移了90°的LO信号。两个混频器的输出被低通滤波以消除反馈和其糨失真成分。
如图2A所示,如果需要,放大器62和66可以在限带操作之前和之后使用。
I/Q下变器68的两个输出送入两个匹配的A/D变换器44,以2.048MHz对该信号抽样。另一种实现用比较器(未示出)代替A/D变换器44,其中每一个根据输入信号的极性输出数据的二值(1比特)序列。熟知的是这种方法相对于多电平A/D变换器会导致接收机灵敏度损失大约1.96dB。但是,使用比较器而不是A/D变换器,而且在随后的抽样转储存储器46中减少对存储器的需求会节省相当多的成本。
下变频器和A/D系统的另一种实现示于图2,其中使用了带通抽样方法。所使用的TCXO 70在频率4.096MHz处(或者其谐波)。TCXO的输出可以用作A/D变换器44(或比较器)的抽样时钟,用于将信号转换到1.028MHz。这个频率是4.096MHz的11次谐波与输入IF频率44.028MHz之差。所产生的1.028MHz IF接近四分之一抽样速率,已知这在最小化抽样类型失真上是近乎理想的。与图2A中的I/Q抽样相比,这种单个抽样器提供了一个数据信道而不是两个,但是速率加倍了。此外,数据实际上是在1.028MHz的IF处。然后,通过将要描述的随后处理中的数字装置实现I/Q频率转换到接近0MHz。图2A和2B中的装置在成本和复杂度上都是可以比拟的;通常器件的供货决定了优选的方法。但是对于本领域的技术人员很显然的是,可以使用其它接收机配置实现类似的结果。
为了简化如下的讨论,下面假设使用图2A听I/O抽样而且抽样转储存储器46包括2.048MHz的两个数字化数据信道。
DSP 32中执行的信号处理的细节可以在图3流程图以及图4A、4B、4C、4D和4E中图示的帮助下理解。对于本领域技术人员显然的是,执行要描述的信号处理用的机器码、或其它合适的码存储在EPROM 34中。其它非易失存储器件也可以使用。该处理的目的是针对本地产生的波形确定接收波形的定时。此外,为了实现高灵敏度,要处理很长一段的这种波形、一般是100毫秒到1秒。
为了理解该处理,第一个应该注意的是每个接收的GPS信号(C/A模式)由高速(1MHz)重量的1023个符号的伪随机(PN)模式构造,通常称为“切普”。这些“切普”组成了图4A中所示的波形。这个模式上还加上了从卫星以50波特发送的低速数据。所有这些数据以在2MHz带宽内测量的很低信噪比接收。如果对载波频率和所有数据率的确知达到了很高的精度,而且没有数据出现,那么通过连续帧彼此相加,可以很大地改善信噪比并大大减少数据。例如,在1秒时间内有1000个PN帧。第一个这样的帧可以相干地加到下一帧,其结果再加到第三帧,等等。结果将是持续1023个切普的一个信号。然后可以将这个序列的相位与本地参考序列相比较,确定两个之间的相对定时,因此建立所谓伪距离。
上述处理必须从抽样转储存储器46中存储的同样一组接收数据中对视野中的每个卫星分别进行,因此,一般来自不同卫星的GPS信号具有不同的多普勒频移而且PN模式彼此不同。
因此载波频率的未知可能由于信号多普勒不确定造成超过5kHz、以及由于接收机本振不确定造成附加的未知量这个事实,上述处理就变得很困难。这些多普勒不确定性在本发明的一个实施例中,通过从同时监视来自视野中卫星的所有GPS信号的基站10发送这样的信息来去除。因此,就在远端站20中避免了多普勒搜索。本振的不确定性也通过使用基站到远端站的通偏信信号而执行的AFC操作而大大减少(到大约50Hz),如图6所示。
叠加在GPS信号上的50波特数据的出现还限制PN帧的相干相加不超过20毫秒的周期。即,在数据符号反转进一步限制处理增益之前,几乎有20帧可以相干相加。附加的处理增益可以通过匹配滤波和帧幅度(或幅度的平方)相加来实现,如下面段落所样述的。
图3的流程图在步骤100开始,来自基站10的一个命令启动GPS处理操作(在图3中称为“定位命令”)。这个命令包括,通过通信链路16发送视野中每个卫星的多普勒频移以及这些卫星的标识。在步骤102,远端单元20通过频率锁定到从基站10发送的信号来计算它的本振漂移。另一种方法是利用远端单元中的质量很好的温补晶振。例如,控制TCXO,所谓DCXO,目前可以实现的精确度是0.1个百万分之一,或对于L1GPS信号大约150Hz的差错。
在步骤104,远端单元的微处理器26打开接收机前端42、模数转换器44以及数字抽样转储存储器46的电源,并采集C/A码持续K个PN帧的数据的抽样转储,这里K一般为100到1000(相对于100毫秒到1秒的持续时间)。当足够数量的数据采集完之后,微处理器26关闭RF到IF变频器42和A/D转换器44。
然后如下计算每个卫星的伪距离。首先,在步骤106,为了处理给定GPS卫星信号,从EPROM 34获取相应的伪随机码(PN)。正如所简单讨论的,优选的PN存储格式实际上是这个PN码的傅立叶变换,每1023个PN比特以2048个抽样的速率抽样。
抽样转储存储器46中的数据以N个连续PN帧块处理,即2048N个复抽样块(N一般是范围5到10中的整数)。类似的操作在每块上进行,如图3底部循环(步骤108-124)所示。即,这个循环对于要处理的每个GPS信号执行总共K/N次。
在步骤108,块的2048N个数据字乘以一个复指数,去掉信号载波上的多普勒效应,以及接收机本振漂移的影响。为了说明起见,假设从基站10发送的多普勒频率加上本振偏称对应于fe Hz。那么,该数据的左乘取函数e-j2πfenT的形式,n=[0,1,2,...,2048N-1]+(B-1)×2048N,这里T=1/2.048MHz是抽样周期,块号B的范围从1到K/N。
然后,在步骤110,块内邻组的N(一般为10)帧数据彼此相干相加。即,抽样0,2048,4096,...2048(N-1)-1加在一起,然后1,2049,4097...2048(N-1)加在一起,等等。此时,该块只包含2048个复抽样。每个求和运算所产生的波形在4个PN帧情况下的例子示于图4B。这个求和运算可以认为是一种在快速卷积运算之前进行的预处理运算。
然后,在步骤112-118,每个平均的帧经过一次匹配滤波运算,其目的是确定包含在该数据块中的所接收的PN码和本地产生的PN参考信号之间的相对定时。同时,也补偿了抽样次数上的多普勒效应。在一个实施例中,通过使用诸如在某种意义上用于执行循环卷积的快速傅立叶变换算法这样的快速卷积运算可以大大加速这些运算,如现在所描述的。
为了简化讨论,开始忽略了上述多普勒补偿。
要执行的在本运算是将正处理的块(2048个复抽样)内数据与本地存储的类似的参考PN块相比较,该比较实际上通过将该数据块的每个元素(复)乘以该参考的相应元素并将结果求和。这个比较称为“相关”。但是,单个相关只能针对该数据块的一个特定开始时间来完成,而存在2048种可能提供较好匹配的位置。对于所有可能的开始位置的所有相关运算的集合被称为“匹配滤波”运算。在优选的实施例中需要完全匹配滤波运算。
PN块的其他时间通过将PN参考循环移位并重复执行相同的运算来检测。即,如果PN码被标为p(0)P(1)...P(2047),那么循环移位一个抽样得到p(1)P(2)...P(2047)p(0)。这个修改的序列检测确定该数据块是否包含以p(10开始的PN信号。类似地,该数据块可能以抽样p(2),p(3),等等开始,而且每个都可以通过将参考PN循环移位并重复执行该检测来测定。应该很明确的是完整的测试集应该需要2048×2047=4,194,304次运算,每次需要一次复数乘法和加法。
可以使用一种更有效的数学上等效的方法,利用快速傅立叶变换(FFT),只需要大约12×2048次复数乘法以及两倍的加法数目。在这种方法中,在步骤112,对该数据块和PN块进行FFT。在步骤114,该数据块的FFT乘以该参考的FFT的复共轭,并在步骤118对其结果进行逆傅叶变换。这样得到的最终数据长度为2048,包含该数据块和该PN块对所有可能位置的相关集合。每个前向或逆FFT运算需要P/2log2P次运算,这里P是正在转换的数据的大小(假设使用2-基FFT算法)。对于B=2048这种情况,每个FFT需要11×1024次复数乘法。但是,如果PN序列的FFT预存在EPROM 34中,正如在优选的实施例中那样,那么就不需要在滤波过程中计算FFT了。因此前向FFT、逆FFT以及FFT的乘积的复数乘法总数为(2×11+2)×1024=24576,比直接相关节省了171倍。图4C说明了这种匹配滤运算所产生的波形。
本发明的优选方法是使用在1023切普的PN周期上取2048个数据抽样这样的抽样速率。这就允许使用长度为2048的FFT算法。已知是2或4的方幂的FFT算法一般比其它大小更有效(而且2048=211)。因此,这样选择抽样速率就大大提高处理速度。优选的是FFT的抽样数等于一个PN帧的抽样数,这样可以实现恰当的循环卷积。即,这种情况允许对PN码的所有循环移位版本测试该数据块,如上面所讨论的。如果FFT的大小选择为与一个PN帧长度不同的抽样数,那么可以使用另一类方法,在本领域称为“重叠存储”或“重叠相加”。这些方法大约需要上述优选实现的计算数目的两倍。
本领域的计算人员应该清楚的是可以如何通过使用各种提供快速卷积运算的不同长度的FFT算法以及各种抽样速率来修改上述过程。此餐,一组快速卷积算法的存在,也具有需要的计算数与Blog2B,而不是直接相关中所需的B2成比例的特性。很多这种算法在标准参考书中列举,例如,H.J.Nussbaumer,”Fast Foruier Transform and Convolution Algorithms,”New York,Springer-Verlag,C1982。这种算法的重要例子是Agarwal-Cooley算法、拆分嵌套算法、递归多项式嵌套算法,以及Winograd-Fourier算法,前三种用于进行卷积,后一种用于进行傅立叶变换。这些算法可以用于替换上面提出的优选方法。
现在解释步骤116中所使用的时间多普勒补偿方法。在优选实现中,由于接收GPS信号上的多普勒效应以及本振不稳的影响,所使用的抽样速率可能不精确地对应于每PN帧2048个抽样。例如,已知多普勒频移可能产生±2700纳秒/秒的延迟误差。为了补偿这种效应,在上述描述中处理的数据块需要进行时间移位以便补偿这个误差。例如,如果所处理的块大小对应于5个PN帧(5毫秒),那么从一块到另一块的时间移位可能是±13.5纳秒。较小的时间称位是由于本振的不稳定造成的。这些称位可以通过将连续数据块时移单个数据块所需的时间移位的倍数来补偿。即,如果每块的多普勒时间移位是d,那么这些块被时间移位nd,n=0,1,2,....。
一般来说,这些时间移位是一个抽样的几分之一。使用数字信号处理方法直接执行这些运算会包括使用非整数的信号插值方法而且会产生很高的计算负担。另一种方法是本发明的优选方法,在快速傅立叶变换函数中加入该处理。众所周知d秒的时间移位等效于将一个函数的傅立叶变换乘以e-j2πfd,这里f是频率变量。因此,时间移位可以通过将数据块的FFT,对于n=0,1,2,...,1023就乘以e-j2πnd/Tf,对于n=1024,1025,...,2047就乘以e-j2π(n-2048)d/Tf,这里Tf是PN帧长度(1毫秒)。这个补偿只对与FFT处理有关的处理时间增加了大约8%。该补偿分成两半,以便保证相位补偿在过0Hz时的连续性。
在匹配滤波运算完成之后,在步骤120计算该块的复数的幅度、或幅度平方。哪一种选择都几乎工作得很好。这个运算去掉了50Hz数据相位翻转(如图4D所示)以及剩下的低频载波误差的影响。然后将2048个抽样的块加前面块的求和上,在步骤122处理。步骤122可以认为是后处理运算,在步骤112-118所提供的快速卷积运算之后进行。一直持续到所有K/N个块都处理完毕,如步骤124的判决模块所示,此时只乘下2048个抽样的一个块,从中可以计算伪距离。图4E说明了求和运算之后所得到的波形。
伪距离确定在步骤126进行。搜索本地计算的噪声电平之上的一个峰值。如果找到了这样的一个峰值,那么它相对于该块开始出现的时间就代表了与特定PN码及相关GPS卫星有关的伪距离。
在步骤126使用了一个插值程序寻找该峰值的位置,其精确度大于与抽样速率(2.048MHz)相关的精度。该插值程序依赖于远端接收机20的RF/IF部分中使用的预带通滤波。质量好的滤波器会得到近似三角形、底部宽度等于4个抽样的一个峰值。在这种情况下,在减去平均幅度(为了去掉DC基线)之后,最大的两个幅度可以用于更精确地确定峰值位置。假设这些幅度被标为Ap和Ap+1,不失一般性,这里Ap≤Ap+1,p是峰值幅度的索引。那么该峰值相对于与Ap对应的位置可以通过这个公式提供:峰值位置=p+Ap/(Ap+AP+1)。例如如果Ap=Ap+1,那么找到峰值位置是p+0.5,即,两个抽样索引中间的位置。在一些情况下,带通滤波可能在该峰值附近,而且三点多项式插值可能更合适。
在前面的处理中,用于门限的本地噪声参考可以在去掉几个最大的这种峰值之后,通过将最后平均的块中的所有数据平均来计算。
一旦找到伪距离,就在步骤128以类似的方法对视野中的另一个卫星继续该处理,除非所有这种卫星都处理完毕。对所有这种卫星的处理完成之后,处理在步骤130继续,将伪距离数据通过通信链路16发射到基站10,在这里进行远端站的最后位置计算(假设使用方法3)。最后,在步骤132,将远端站20的大部分电路置于低功耗状态,等待新的命令执行另一次位置运算。
现在提供上面描述的、并在图3中表示的信号处理的概要。来自一个或多个视野中GPS卫星的GPS信号使用远端GPS单元上的天线在远端GPS单元接收。这些信号被数字化并存储在远端GPS单元的缓存器中。这些信号存储之后,处理器进行预处理、快速卷积处理、以及后处理运算。这些处理运算包括:
a)将存储数据分成连续块序列,每块的持续时间等于包含在GPS信号中的伪随机(PN)码的帧周期的倍数。
b)对于每一块,进行预处理步骤,通过将连续的数据子块-子块持续时间等于一个PN帧-相干相加产生长度等于伪随机码周期长度的压缩数据块;这个加法步骤意味着每个子块相应的抽样号彼此相加。
c)对于每个压缩块,利用快速卷积技术进行匹配滤波运算,确定包含在数据块内的所接收的PN码与本地产生的PN参考信号(例如,正处理的GPS卫星的伪随机序列)之间的相对定时。
d)通过在所述匹配滤波运算结果上进行幅度平方运算以及对其进行后处理确定伪距离,后处理是通过将幅度平方数据块加到一起产生一个峰值,从而将所有块的幅度平方数据合并成一个单数据块。
以及e)使用数字插值方法精度地定位所述单数据块的峰值,这里的位置是数据块的开始到所述峰值的距离,而且该位置代表了对应于正处理的伪随机序列的GPS卫星的伪距离。
一般,处理缓存的GPS信号中使用的快速卷积技术是快速傅立叶变换(FFT),而且卷积的结果由计算压缩块的前向变换和预存储的伪随机序列前向变换表示的乘积,以便产生一个第一结果,然后进行第一结果的逆傅立变换恢复该结果来产生。而且,多普勒所引起的时延和本振所引起的时间误差的影响在每个压缩数据块上进行补偿,方法是在前向和逆快速傅立叶变换运算之间插入压缩块的前向FFT与一个复指数的乘积,该复指数对应于抽样号的相位被调整为对应于该块所需的延迟补偿。
在前面的实施例中,来自每个卫星的GPS信号的处理时间上顺序时行,而不是并行的。在另一个实施例中,来自所有视野中卫星的GPS信号可以用并行方式及时地处理。
假设基站10对所有要处理的以及范围上与远端单元20足够接近的卫星有共同的视野,这样可以避免与C/A PN码的重复周期有关的模糊性。90英里的范围将满足这个标准。也假设基站10具有GPS接收机和很好的地理位置,这样视野中的所有卫星可以被连续地跟踪到很高精度。
尽管几处所描述的基站10的实施例表明在基站中使用诸如计算机这样的数据处理单元是为了为移动GPS单元计算诸如纬度和经度这样的位置信息,但是应该理解每个基站10可以仅将从移动GPS单元接收的诸如伪距离这样的信息中继到实际执行纬度和经度计算的中央单元或几个中央单元。用这种方式,可以通过从每个中继基站中去掉数据处理单元及其有关的器件来减少这些中继基站的成本和复杂性。一个中央单元,可能包括接收机(例如电信接收机)以及数据处理单元及其有关器件。特别是,在某些实施例中,基站可能是虚拟的,它可能是向远端单元发送多普勒信息的卫星,这样就可以在传输服务小区中去掉基站。
图5A和5B表示根据本发明的两个基站实施例。在图5A所示的在站中,GPS接收机501通过GPS天线501a接收GPS信号。可能是常规GPS接收机的GPS接收机501提供一个定时参考信号,一般其定时相对于GPS信号,并且提供相对于视野中卫星的多普勒信息。这个GPS接收机501连接到一个接收定时参考信号510的标准本振505上,并将其本身相位锁定到这个参考上。这个标准本振505具有一个提供给调制器506的输出。该调制器506也从该GPS移动单元视野中的每个卫星接收多普勒数据信息信号及/或其它卫星数据信息信号511。调制器506将多普勒及/或其它卫星数据信息调制到从标准本振505接收的本振信号上,以便为发射机503提供调制的信号513。发射机503通过互连514连接到数据处理单元502,这样数据处理单元可以控制发射机503的操作,以便产生通过发射机的天线503a向GPS移动单元的卫星数据信息的发送,例如多普勒信息。用这种方式,GPS移动单元可以接收多普勒信息,其信息源是GPS接收机501,而且也可以接收高精度本振载滤信号,用于校准GPS移动单元中的本振如图6所示。
图5A中所示的基站也包括接收机504,连接它以便通过通信天线504a从远端站或GPS移动单元接收通信信号。应该理解的是天线504a可能与发射机天线503a是同一天线,这样一个单个天线可以按照常规方式即可用于发射机也可用于接收机。接收机504连接到可能是常规计算机系统的数据处理单元502。处理单元502也可以包括一个互连512,从GPS接收机511接收多普勒及/或其它卫星数据信息。这些信息可以用于处理通过接收机504从移动单元接收的伪距离信息或其它信息。这个数据处理单元502连接到可能是常规CRT的显示设备508。该数据处理单元502也连接到海量存储器件507,其中包括GIS(地理信息系统)软件(例如,StrategicMapping,Inc.Of Santa Clara,California的Atlas GIS),用于在显示器508上显示地图。使用显示器地图,移动GPS单元的位置可以相对于所显求援地图在显示器上表示出来。
图5B所示的另一种基站包括很多与图5A所示相同的元件。但是,不是从GPS接收机得到多普勒及/或其它卫星数据信息,而是图5B的基站包括多普勒及/或其它卫星数据信息源552,用常规方式从电信链路或无线链路得到。这个多普勒及/或卫星信息通过互连553传输到调制器506。图5B所示的调制器506的另一个输入是来自诸如铯频标本振这样的参考质量本振的振荡器输出信号。这个参考本振551提供精确的载波频率,多普勒及/或其它卫星数据信息调制在其上,然后通过发射机503发射到移动GPS单元。
图6表示本发明的GPS移动单元的一个实施例,使用了通过类似于图1A所示的天线24的信道天线601接收的精确载波频率信号。天线601连接到调制解调器602,类似于图1A中的调制解调器22,而且这个调制解调器602连接到自动频率控制电路603,该电路锁定到这里根据本发明的一个实施例所描述的基站发送的精确载波频率信号上。自动频率控制电路603提供一个输出604,一般在频率上锁定到精确载波频率上。这个信号604通过比较器605与GPS本振606经过互连608的输出比较。比较器605所执行的比较结果是一个误差纠正信号610,提供给频率合成器609。用这种方法,频率合成器609提供质量较高的、校准的本振信号,通过互连612送到GPS下变频器614。应该理解的是通过互连612提供的信号类似于图1A中互连39提供给变频器42的本振信号;而且,变频器42类似于连接到GPS天线613接收GPS信号的GPS下变频器614。在另一个实施例中,比较器605所执行的比较结果可能通过互连610a输出,作为DSP器件620的误差纠正,该DSP类似于图1A所示的DSP芯片32。在这种情况下没有误差纠正信号610提供给频率合成器609。自动频率控制电路可以用多种常规技术实现,包括锁相环或频率跟踪环或块相位估计器。
图7表示根据本发明一个实施例的电源管理的特定序列。应该理解的是有多种本领域已知的方法可用于降低功率。这些包括将提供给同步的、时序器件的时钟变慢以及对特定部件完全关闭电源或者关掉一个部件的某部分电路而保留其它的。例如,应该理解到锁相环和振荡器电路需要启动及稳定时间,因此设计者可能不会决定完全(或者根本上)对这些部件掉电。图7所示的例子在步骤701开始,系统的各个部件在其中初始化并置于降低功率状态。或者周期性地或者在预定的一段时间之后,调制解调器22中的通信接收机要返回全功率,以便确定是否有从基站10发送的命令。在步骤703出现这种情况。如果在步骤705接收了来自基站单元的定位信息请,那么调制解调器22就在步骤707提示电源管理电路。此时,调制解调器22中的通信接收机或者可以关闭一段预定时间或者关闭、随后再周期性地打开,这在步骤709中表示。应该理解的是通信接收机可能保持在全功率状态而不是此时关闭。然后,在步骤711,电源管理电路通过打开变频器42和模数转换器44的电源,将移动单元的GPS接收机部分返回到全功率;如果频率振荡器38也掉电,此时将这个部件上电并返回全功率并允许一段稳定时间。然后,在步骤713,包括部件38、42和44的GPS接收机接收GPS信号。这个妗号缓存在当GPS接收机在步骤711返回全功率时也返回全功率的存储器46中。在抽样转储信息采集完毕之后,在步骤717,GPS接收机返回低功率状态;这一般包括降低变频器42和转换器44的功率,同时将存储器46保持在全功率。然后在步骤719,处理系统返回到全功率;在一个实施例中,这要包括给DSP芯片32全功率;但是应该理解的是如果DSP芯片32也提供电源管理功能,如图1C所示的实施例情况,那么DSP芯片32一般要在步骤707返回全功率。在图1A所示的实施例中,微处理器26进行电源管理功能,该处理系统,例如DSP芯片32可以在步骤719返回全功率。在步骤721,GPS信号根据本发明的方法处理,例如图3所示。然后,在GPS信号的处量完毕之后,该处理系统被置于低功率状态,如步骤23所示(除非该处理系统也为如上所示的控制电源管理)。然后,在步骤725,调制解调器22中的通信发射机返回全功率以便在步骤727将处理的GPS信号发回基站10。在处理的GPS信号一一例如伪距离信息或纠度和经度信息-发送完之后,在729,通信发射机返回低功率状态,而且在步骤731电源管理系统等待一段时间的延迟,例如一段预定的时间。这段延迟之后,调制解调器22中的通信接收机返回全功率以便确定是否有从基站发送的请求。
尽管本发明的方法和装置已经参考GPS卫星进行了描述,但是应该理解该概念可以同等地应用于使用伪星或卫星和伪星结合的定位系统。伪星是地基发射机,它广播调制在L波段载波信号上的PN码(类似于GPS信号)。一般同步于GPS时间。每个发射机可以指定一个唯一的PN码,以便使远端接收机能够识别。伪星在不能提供来自轨道卫星的GPS信号的情况下很有用,例如隧道、矿井、建筑物或其它封闭区域。这里使用的术语“卫星”意图包括伪星或伪星的等同物,而且这里使用的术语GPS信号意图包括来自伪星或伪星等同物的GPS类型的信号。
在前面的讨论中,发明参考全美全球定位卫星(GPS)系统方面的应用来描述。但是,显然这些方法可以同等地用于类似的卫星定位系统,而且特别是Russian Glonass系统。Glonass系统与GPS系统的主要区别是不同卫星的发射是通过使用略微不同的载波频率,而不是使用不同的伪随机码来彼此区别的。在这种情况下,实际上前面描述的所有电路和算法都可以使用,除了当处理新的卫星发射时使用不同的指数因子来预处理数据。这个运算可以与图3中方框108中的多普勒校正运算结合,而不需要任何附加的处理运算。在这种情况下只需要一个PN码,因此去掉模块106。这里使用的术语“GPS”包括这些其它的卫星定位系统,包括RussianGlonass系统。
尽管图1A、1B和1C表示了处理数字信号的多个逻辑模块(例如图1A中的46、32、34、36、30、28),但是应该理解的是这些模块中的一些或全部是集成在一个单片集成电路上的,同时还保持了这种电路的DSP部分的可编程性。这样一种实现可能对于低功率和成本敏感的应用很重要。
应该理解的是图3中的一个或几个运算可以由硬件逻辑完成,以便增加整体的处理速度,同时保持DSP处理器的可编程性。例如,模块108的多普勒校正功能可以由专用硬件完成,放置在数字抽样转储存储器46和DSP IC 32之间。在这种情况下,图3中的所有其它软件功能可以由DSP处理器来实现。而且,几个DSP可以一起在一个远端单元中使用,提供更高的处理能力。也会理解的是可以采集(抽样)多组GPS数据信号帧并如图3所示处理每一组,同时考到每组帧采集之间的时间。
已经建立了一个演示系统,作为本发明实施例的一个例子,验证这里描述的方法和算法中的运算,并且显示了使用这些方法和算法可能带来的灵敏度的改善。该演示系统包括GEC Plessey Semiconductors的GPS天线和RF下变频器,后面跟一个Gage Applied Sciences Inc.的数字化缓存板。天线和下变频器执行图1A的功能38、40、42和44,数字化缓存执行图1A的功能44、46和48。在IBM PC兼容机上使用运行在Window 95操作系统下的Pentium微处理器执行数字信号处理。这样仿真DSP芯片32和存储器外围器件34的功能。来自视野中卫星的多普勒信息作为信号处理程序的输入提供给信号处理软件,用以仿真调制解调器和微处理器22、24、25、26的功能。
这个演示系统的算法使MAYLAB编程语言开发。在各种阻塞情况下得到的真实GPS信号上进行了大量测试。这些测试已经验证该演示系统的灵敏度性能实际上超过了几种同时测试的商用GPS接收机。附录A提供了这些测试中使用的MATLAB机器码的详细清单并且作为本发明的快速卷积运算的一个例子(例如图4)。
在前面说明中,发明已经参考其特定示范实施例进行了描述。但是,显然的是可以在不背离所附权利要求中提出的发明更宽泛的精神和范围的情况下,对此进行各种修正和变更。因此该说明和附图被认为是说明性的而不是限制意义的。
附录A
function{sv ,prange,snrin,snrout,svdoppler,outdata}=
                  gps(filename,srate,codes,doppler,no_pred ,samplerange)
%function
%{sv,prange,snrin,snrout,svdoppler,outdata }=gps(filename,srate,codes,doppler,
%no_pred,samplerange)
%N.Krasner Feb.20,1996.
%OPrecision Tracking,Inc.,San Jose,CA.95117
%这个函数处理数字化数据并提供伪范围以及其它统计量作为输出,如下所述.
%要处理的数据存贮在名为“filename”的文件中.
%这个函数工作在来自Gage数字化器的数据上,以3×2.048MHz(如果srate=0)的抽样率或以6×2.048MHz(如
%果srate=1)的抽样率.
%这里假设IF是35.42-(1400/45)=4.308889MHz.以下是程序输入和输出的定义:
%码是SV数;如果codes=0,那么使用所有的码.
%Doppler={dopper(1)doppler(2)...doppler(n)span},规定几个卫星中每个的平均多普
%勒加上搜索范围.如果没有span或=0那么搜索只在规定多普勒上进行.
%使用一个算法选择多普勒量化阶梯.
%在某些情况下即使span非0,每个卫星将只使用一个多普勒频率.
s搜索范围是相对于每个多普勒的范围.
%no_pred是预检测帧数.
%如果删除samplerange,就处理文件中所有数据.
%但是如果出现有两个值并有如下表示:
%samplerange={lower index,upper index};
%如果这些索引不在gage文件提供的范围内,那么就提供一条出错信息.
%缺省是:如果多普勒只有一个值,那么doppler_span为0
%        如果未规定no_postd,使用所有数据.
%        如果no_pred未规定,那么pred设为9.
%        如果规定了no_pred,那么no_postd必须规定.
%输出是码号,伪范围,snrs和最佳多普勒.
%伪范围以纳秒表示,snrs以dB表示.
%检测的信号峰值必须超过15dB门限.
%使用插值算法确定信号峰值位置.
%如果没有找到码,返回的函数将是全0.
%输出数据是大小为2048的矢量,代表对每个检测的卫星交通工具进行后检测积分后的输出信号加上
%噪声,针对最佳的多普勒.这个数据用于找到伪范围.
%%%%%------------------------------------------------------------%%%%
%首先打开文件,然后找到处理的buffersize和indices.如果没有在输入变量中规定就是所有数据.
    {filevals,rate}=gageopen(filename);
    buffsize=filevals(3);    %文件中总抽样数
    if nargin==6,
        lower_index=samplerange(1);upper_index=samplerange(2);
        if upper_index>buffsize-1,
           error(′Samplerange is out of bounds′);
        end
else,
    lower_index=0;upper_index=buffsize-1;
end
%%%%------------------------------------------------------------------%%%
%现在找多普勒的频点号;这些频点的中心称为dopps,参考于输入多普勒的中心.
if length(doppler)==length(codes),span==0;
elseif length(doppler)==length(codes)+1,
    span=doppler(length(codes)+1);
else,
error(′Length of doppler vector must equal length of codes,or l more′);
end
if opan<0,error (′Span must be greater than zero′);end
if srate==0,s_per_frame=6;else,s_per_freme=12;end
if nargin==3,no_pred=min(9,fix(buffsize/(1024*s_per_freme)));end
no_postd=fix(buffaize/(no_pred*1024*s_per_frame));
if no_pred<1,error{′Number of predetection frames muot be at least 1′};end
if no_postd<1,error{′Number of postdetection fremes must be at least 1′};end
deltaf=(1/3)*1000/no_pred;   %得到大约1.5dB损失,最差情况是当真实频率处于频点中央时由
                               %两次独立检测产生.
                               %
if span<deltaf,
    dopps=0;   %不必量化多普勒.
else,
    dopps={0:-deltaf:-span };
    dopps=sort({dopps deltaf:deltaf:span});
end
%%%---------------------------------------------------------------%%%
%现在得到码的FFT并以大为长度(码)×2048的矩阵放置它们.
if codes==0,codes=1:28;end                   %搜索在这种情况下的所有码
codearray=zeros{length(codes),2048};
for k=1:l ength(codes),
    codearray(k,:)=gps_resampled(codes(k));
end
%%%---------------------------------------------------------------%%%
%在下面,以等于PN帧数的块输入数据,PN帧数等于no_pred.例如,如果no_pred=7,那么来自gage
%的抽样数是2048×3×7=43008,这样在这种情况下整个4M字节采集重复大约93次.每次重复进行pred
%求和、互相关、幅度平方运算以及与前块的求和,对于所有的多普勒和所有规定的卫星交通工具进行.
    blocksize=1024*s_per_frame*no_pred;
    start=lower_index-blocksize;
    lc=length(codes);1d=length(dopps);
    prdata=zeros(1c*1d,2048);
    no_blocks=fix((buffsize-10*s_per_frame)/blocksize);  %超过60或120
    samples
                                      %对重迭存储允许冲激响应到60或122;见if
                                      %_2_base m-file
    for n=1:no_t%,cks,
    start=start+blocksize;
    {data,count}=gageread(filevals,start,blocksize+10*s_per_frame);
    data=if_2_base(data,srate);     %将数据转换到基带并抽取到2.048MHz.
    data=data(21:20+2048*no_pred);   %抑制边缘效应数据(重迭存贮)
    for k=1:1c,       %在SV上重复
        ref=codearray(k,:);         %用于SV码(k)的码
        for d=1:1d,       %在多普勒上重复
            df=doppler(k)+dopps(d);
            rdata=data.*exp(-j*2*pi*df*(0:2048*no_pred-1)/2.048e6);
            rdata=sum(reshape(rdata,2048,no_pred)′); %进行pred求和
            rdata=fft(rdata).*ref;                %进行匹配滤波
               %补偿每块的时间跳跃,fdopp/fo倍的时间,表示fdopp/fo是每秒的多普勒时
               %间跳跃.
            timeslip=1e-3*no_pred*df/1575.42e6;
            phase=exp(-j*2*pi*timeslip*(n-1)*(0:1024)*1e3);
            rdata(1:1025)=rdata(1:1025).*phase;
            rdata(1025:2048)=rdata(1026:2048).*conj(phase(1024:-1:2));
            rdata=ifft(rdata);
            rdata=real(rdate).^2+imag(rdata).^2;        %幅度
            prdata((k-1)*1d+d,:)=prdata((k-1)*1d+d,:)+rdata;
        end
    end
end
%%%---------------------------------------------------------------%%%
sv=[];,prange=();,snrin=();snrout=();svdopper=();outdata=();
%现在找超过门限的峰值.
for k=1:1c,       %看所有的SV和dopps.
    zrprdata((k-1)*1d+(1:1d ),:);     %SV#k和所有多普勒的数据矩阵.
    z=z-mean(mean(z));
    noise=sqrt(mean(mean(z.^2)));           %粗糙噪声rms
    threshold=5.7*noise;
                                       %使用所有28sv′s和每SV10个多普勒得到少于1e-4的Pfa
    indt=find(z<threshold);
    noise=sqrt(mean(mean(z(indt).^2)));     %精确除去信号的噪声
    d=z+0.2*max(mrotate (z,-1),mrotate(z,1)); %检测stat,去掉篱笆墙问题.
                                                   %
    {maxd,indd}=max(d′);%找到每个多普勒的最大值和位置.
       {maxsv,indsv}=max(maxd);  %对这个SV找全局峰值
       if maxsv>threshold,        %然后检测这个SV
          r=(maxsv/noise)^2;      %峰值对离开峰值的噪声
          snin=sqrt(r/(no_pred^2^no_postd));%通过N.K分析的snrin
          snrin={snrin 10*log10(snin)};
                                              %现在在峰值找snrout
          snout==(no_pred^2*no_postd)*snin^2/(1+2*no_pred*snin);%通过N.K anal
          snrout={snrout 10*log10(snout)};
          sv={sv codes(k)};
          d=z(indsv,:);%最佳多普勒的数据
          outdata=(outdata d);
          svdoppler=(svdoppler doppler(k)+dopps(indsv));%最佳多普勒
          ind0=indd(indsv);%对最佳的最佳抽样
          inds0=(ind0-4:ind0+4);%关于indo的9个数据抽样的块
          nind s=find(inds0<=0);
          pinds=find(inds0>2048);
          if length(ninds)>0,%保持数据在范围内插值
             inds0(ninds)=inda0(ninds)+2048;
          elseif length(pinds)>0,
              inds0(pinds)=inds0(pinds)-2048;
          end
          dint=interp(d(inds0),10);%到速率20MHz
          dint=interp(dint,10);    %到速率200MHz
          dint=interp(dint,5);     %到速率1GHz
       {emax,imax}=max(dint);      %找最大
       indmax=min(find(dint>0.8*emax));    %80%以上的最大
       tmax=ind0+(indmax-2001)/500;   %以抽样为单位的伪范围
       if tmax>=2048,
            tmax=tmax-2048;
       elseif tmax<0,
            tmax=tmax+2048;
       end
       tmax==ax-500;%以纳秒为单位的伪范围
       prange={prange tmax };
    end
end
if length(sv)==0,%没有检测
    sv=0;prenge=0;srrin=0;sarout=0;svdoppler=0;outdata=0;
end
fclose(′all′);
functiony=gpscodes(num)
%y=gpscodes(num)
%N,Krasner Jan.22,1996.
%OPretision Tracking,Inc.,San Jose,CA.95117
%在大小为37×1023的数组y中返回与卫星有关的全部1023比特码.
%每行是与具有相应ID号的卫星相关的码.
%行1是卫星1的PN(Gold)码,依次类推.
%如果指定了号,那么只返回带该号码的码.
%returned
y1=pngen{(3,10),1023,ones(1,10)};
y2=pngen((2,3,6,8,9,10),1023,ones(1,10));
delays={5,67,8,17,19,139,140,141,251,252,254,255,255,257,253};
delays={delays,469,470,471,472,473,474,509 512,513,514,515,516};
%elays={delays,859 860 861 862 863 950 947 948 950};
if nargin==0,
  for k=1:length(delays),
      y(k,:)=xor(y1,rotate(y2,delays(k)));
  end
  else,
  y=xor(y1,rotate(y2,delays(num)));
end
function r-gps_rsmp(codcnumber)
%N.Krasner Feb.16,1996.
%OPrecision Tracking,Inc.,San Jose,CA.95117
%返回指定的1023比特GPS码的重抽样的傅立叶变换,重抽样为2048KHz
%速率,以″sinc″函数加权.仿真包含一组方形脉冲的序列的变换
%被理想地低通滤波到第1零点(=1023kHz)
%如果codenumber为0,所有gps码在大小为37×2048的数组中返回.
%变换的数据包括实部和虚部,是在范围(-7,7)内的4比特有符号整数.
%这是存贮在EPROM中的形式.这种量化使所有的存贮是最小化,
%但是产生了不可忽略的性能损失.
%在函数gpscodes中,返回值包含37行,每个对应于相应的GPS码(行1包含码1,
%等等),如果所有码都被语法2了.每行长度为2048,如上所述,包括一个复数,
%其成份为范围(-15,15)内的一个整数.
%注意这个函数调用函数gpscodes,
%产生不同的Gold码
if codenumber==0,
   y=gpscodes;
else,
   y=gpscodes(codenumber);
end
%返回数组37×1023的GPS码
y=2*y-1;                                 %变换到=1
if codenumber==0,
   z=zeroo(37,2048);
  for k=1:37,
    fyl=fft(stretch(y(k,:),2));
    fyll=(fyl(1:1024).*sinc({0:1023}/1023)00);
    fyll=(fyll fyi(1025:2045).*sinc((1022:-1:1)/1023));
    z(k,:)=conj(fyll);%需要匹配滤波器的共轭
  end
  else,
    fyl=fft(stretch(y,2));
    fyll=(fyl(1:1024).*sinc((0:1023)/1023)00);
    fyll=(fyll fyl(1025:2046).*sinc((1022:-1:1)/1023));
    z=conj(fyll);  %需要匹配滤波器的共轭
  end
end
z=round(z/20);%因为最大为171.9,但是很少值大于140
  rz=min(real(z),7);rz=max(rz,-7);%限制范围
  iz=min(imag(z),7);iz=max(iz,-7);%限制范围
  z=rz+j*iz;
  function data_out=if_2_base(data_in,rate)
  %data_out=if_2_base(data_in)
  %
  %N.Krasner Feb.20,1996.
  %OPrecision Tracking,Inc.,San Jose,CA.95117
  %
  %
  %如果没有rate或等于0,那么输入rate假设为3×2048kHz,
  %如果rate等于1,那么为6×2048kHz.
  %
  %来自GAGE数字化器的数据,以3×2048kHz或6×2048kHz抽样,
  %中频为6.144MHz,中心在35.42-(1400/45)=4.308889MHz,
  %将其转换为复(I.Q)数据流,速率为2.048MHz,中心在0频
  %(标称的).这个程序不补偿SV的任何多普勒移,或任何L0漂
  %移,注意数据输出长度是1/3或2/3的输入长.
  %
  %
  if nargin==1,rate=0;end
  ifreg=35.42-(1400/45);     %以MHz为单位
  if rate==0,      %抽样率为3×2048kHz的情况
      srate=3*2.048;%以MHz为单位 %GAGE的抽样率
      (u,v)=size(data_in);if u>v;data_in=data_in′;end;ld=length(data_in);
      c=exp(-j*2*pi*{0:ld-1}*ifreg/srate);%LO
      data_out=data_in.*c;clear data_in c                            %转换到0
      h=firl(50,.9/3.072);
      data_out=filter(h,l,data_out);    %滤波到=1MHz
      data_out=data_out(1:3:ld);    %抽取,得到2.048MHz的波特率
  else,                              %抽样率为6×2048kHz的情况
      srate=6*2.048;   %以MHz为单位
      (u,vl=size(date_in);if u>v;data_in=data_in′{end;ld=length(data_in);
      c=exp(-j*2*pi*(0:1d-1)*ifreg/srate);  %LO
      data_out=data_in.*c;clear data_in c     %转换到0
      h=firl(100,.9/5.144);
      data_out=filter(h,1,data_out);      %滤波到=1MHz
      data_out=data_out(1:5:1d);    %抽取,得到2.048MHz的波特率
end
function y=mrotate(r,m)
%y=mrotate(x,m);矩阵旋转m个单位
%N.Krasner Feb.20,1996.
%OPrecision Tracking,Inc.,San Jose,CA.95117
m=round(m);
m=rem(m,1x);
if m>0,
    y=(x(:,1x-m+1:1x)x(:,1:1x-m));
elseif m<0,
    y=(x(:,1-m:1x)x(:,1:-m));
else,
    y=x;
end
function y=pngen(taps,npts ,fill)
%pngen(taps,npts,fill)
%N.Krasner Feb.13,1995.
%ONorman.F.Krasner,san Carlos,CA.94070
%PNGEN产生伪范围序列的″npts″点数以长度为n的移位寄存器定义,带反馈抽头.
taps
%                                           ″taps″和初始填充的″fill″,PN(npts,taps,
fill)returns a
%                    返回包括这个序列的长度npts的矢量
%                                      典型例子(1,6,8,14)for R14,fill={1
zeros(1,13)}
%如果在″taps″中只给一个数,理解为用十进制值表示抽头.
Por
%例如,一个码2767(十进制)=010 111 110 111.
%这种情况=反馈抽头通过去掉第一个
%选择其余的找到,以得到位置.
%此时,抽头为2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10
if length(tapa)==1,
taps=sprintf(′%.0f′,taps);ntaps=();
if taps(1)==′1′,ntaps=(1);
elseif taps(1)==′2′,ntaps=(10);
elseif taps(1)==′3′,ntaps=(11);
elseif taps(1)==′4′,ntaps=(100);
elseif taps(1)==′5′,ntaps=(101);
elseif taps(1)==′6′,ntaps=(110);
elseif taps(1)==′7′,ntaps=(111);
end
    for k=2:length(taps)
        if     taps(k)==′0′,ntaps={ntaps 0 0 0};
        elseif taps(k)==′1′,ntaps={ntaps 0 0 1};
        elseif taps(k)==′2′,ntaps={ntaps 0 1 0);
        elseif taps(k)==′3′,ntaps={ntaps 0 1 1};
        elseif taps(k)==′4′,ntaps={ntaps 1 0 0};
        elseif taps(k)==′5′,ntaps={ntaps 1 0 1};
        elseif taps(k)==′6′,ntaps={ntaps 1 1 0};
        elseif taps(k)==′7′,ntaps={ntaps 1 1 1};
        end
    end
    ntaps(1)=();
    taps=find(ntaps);
end
n=max(taps);
if nargin<=2,fill={1 zeros(1,n-1)};end
if nargin==1,npts=(2^n)-1;end
y=zeros(1,npts);
x=zeros(1,n);
x=fill(length(fill):-1:1);
for i=1:npts
    y(i)=x(n);
    x=(rem(sum(x(taps)),2),x(1:n-1));
end
function{file_vals,sample_rate}=gageopen(fllename)
%读gpge格式文件以特定抽样数
%     funnctiop{file_vals,sample_rate)=gageopen(filename)
%B.Wilson Jan.|I3,1996.
%OPrecision Tracking,Inc.,San Jose,CA.95117
file_vals(1)=fopen(filename,′r′);
{sample_rate,sample_depth,head_vals ,operation_mode)=
rdgghead(file_vls(1));
file_vals(2)=operation_mode;
file_vals(3)=sample_depth;
file_vals(4:6)=head_vals(1:3)
function(buf,count)=gageread(file_vala,otart,numsanples)
%读gpge格式文件以特定抽样数
%   function{buf,count}=gagcread(file_vals,start,nemsemples)
%B.Wilson Jan.13,1996.
%OPrecision Tracking,Inc.,San Jose,CA.95117
%fiies_vals
%    1-file id
%    2-operation_mode-if=1;文件是存贮器映射交叉存取
semple_depth long;=2 memory image
%    3-sample_depth
ns2=numsamples/2;
fid=file_vals(1);
if(file_vals(2)==2)
     buf=zeros(numsemples,1);
     fresult=fseek(fid,512+start,-1);%文件数据部份的请求点
     (buf,count)=fread(fid,numsamples,′uchar′);
else
     buf=zeros(ns2,2);
     fresult=fseek(fid,512+(start/2),-1);%文件数据部份的请求点
     (buf(:,1),cl)=fread(fid,ns2,′uchar′);
     fresult=fseek(fid,512+(start/2)+file_vals(3),-1);%移动到
BANK B,portion of memory image
      (buf(:,2),c2)=fread(fid,ns2,′uchar′);
      count=c1+c2;
      buf=reshape(buf′,numsamples,1);
end
buf=buf-128;
funetioo{sample_rate,sample_depth,bead_vala,operatioo_mode }-
rdgghead(fid)
%读gage格式头
%B.Wilson Jan.13,1996.
%OPrecision Tr-acking,Inc.,San Jose,CA.95117
%sample_rate=
{1,2,5,10,20,50,100,200,500,1000,2000,5000,10000,20000,50000};
sample_rate_table=
{1,2,4,5,10,12.5,20,25,30,40,50,60,100,120,125,150,200,250};
fresult=fseek(fid,0,-1);%重定位文件
tmp=fread(fid,14,′char′);
s=setstr(tmp′);
fresult=fseek(fid,16,-1);%移到名字变量
tmp=fread(fid,9,′char′);
sname=setstr(tmp′);
fresult=fseek(fid,287,-1);%移动抽样率表索引
veriable
semplc_rate_index=fread(fid,1,′int16′);
′if(sample_rate_index==42)%    %42是″外部的″.
      sample_rate=-1;
elae
       sample_rate=sample_rotc_tabie(sample_rete_index-17);
end
fresult=fseek(fid,289,-1);%move to index to operationmode vcrieblc
ooeration_mode=fread(fid,i,′inti 6′)
%% if(operation_mode==1)
%%    sample_rate=semple_rete/2;
%%end
fresult=fseek(fid,301,-1);%移动sample_depth变量
sample_depth=fread(fid,1,′int32′)
if(operation_mode==1)
    sampie_depth=sample_depth/2%对我来说象一个″bug″(错误)
    if(sample_depth==4194304)
      sample_depth=semple_depth/2
    end
end;
fresult=fseek(fid,313,-1);%移到starting_address
bead_vais=fread(fid,3,′int32′);
fresult=fseek(fid,339,-1);%移到sample_depth变量
resolution_12_bits=fread(fid,1,′int16′);
fresult=fseek(fid,345,-1);%移到sample_depth变量
sample_offset=fread(fid,1,′int16′);
fresult=fseek(fid,349,-1);%移到sample_depth变量
sample_bits=fread(fid,1,′int16′);
funetion y=rotate(x,q)
%y=rotate(x,q)
%矢量旋转q个位置
%11.Krasner Nov.28,1995.
%ONorman Krasner,San Carlos,CA.94070
%如果删除q,将矢量的第一半和后一半互换来旋转该矢量,
%如果矢量长度是奇数,中点放在新矢量的开始.
%If g is presentand>0this rotates the vector x right by q positions;
e.g.
%if_x=(1 1 0 1 0),then rotate(x,2)yields y=(1 0 1 1 0).If q is<0
%向左旋转X
(m,n)=gize(x);mn=max(m,n);
if nargit>1,q=rem(q,mn);end
if m>1 % n>1,error(′This function works only for vectors,not
matrices.′);end
if m>1,x=x′;end
if nargin==1,
    if rem(mn,2)==0,
        pivot=1+mn/2;
    else pivot=(mn+1)/2;
    end
    y={x(pivot:mn)x(1:pivot-1)};
elscif abs(q)>0,
    if q<0,q=q+mn;end    %为左移固定
       y=(x(mn-q+1:mn)x(1:mn-q));
    else y=x;
    end
end
if m>1,y=y′;end
function r=sinc(r)
%z=sinc(x)
%N.Krasner April 21,1991
%ONorman Krasner,San Carlos,CA.94070
%定义:这里X是一个矢量/矩阵
%sinc(x)=1 if x=0
ind1=find(x==0);
ind2=find(x-=0);
z=x;
x(ind1)=ones(1,length(ind1));
x(ind2)=sin(pi*x(ind2))./(pi*x(ind2));
z(:)=x;
function r=stretch(signal,period)
%function z=stretch(signal,period)
%N.Krasner March 12,1995
%ONorman Krasner,San Carlos,CA.94070
%这个函数通过替换每个元素为m相同的元素未扩展一个信号,
%m由″period周期″限定
(u,v)=size(signal);
if u>1 s v>1 error(′This function works only forvector inputs.′);end
if u>1,signal=signal′;end
a=ones(period,1)*signal;
z=a(:)′;z=conj(z);
if u>1,z=conj(z′);end
function y=xor(a,b);
%function y=xor(a,b);
%逐项将两个矢量异或.
%N.Krasner June 13,1994
%ONorman Krasner,San Carlos,CA.94070
y=(as-b)||(bs-n);

Claims (22)

1.一种使用GPS接收机的方法,所述方法包括:
从视野中卫星接收GPS信号;
以预定速率对所述GPS信号数字化以便产生抽样的GPS信号;
将所述抽样的GPS信号存储在存储器中;
通过蜂窝式通信链路从蜂窝式通信系统的基站接收包含卫星数据信息的数据信号而不使用延迟卫星,所述卫星数据信息包括GPS接收机视野中卫星的多普勒信息,使得GPS接收机不必解调包含卫星星历信息的卫星信号,以便确定多普勒信息;
通过在所述GPS接收机的所述抽样GPS信号上执行相关、匹配滤波和卷积算法中的至少之一来处理所述抽样的GPS信号,包括使用多普勒信息来计算卫星的位置信息而不接收并且不使用卫星星历信息,其中位置信息包括至少一个伪范围;以及
在蜂窝式链路上将位置信息从GPS接收机传输到基站,以用于确定GPS接收机的位置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于多普勒信息收自定位服务器并且通过蜂窝式通信系统的基站来转发。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于位置信息由基站转发到定位服务器,以用于结合视野中卫星的卫星星历信息来确定GPS接收机的位置。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于所述多普勒信息用于补偿所述抽样GPS信号,而且其特征在于相关、匹配滤波和卷积算法中的至少之一根据多普勒信息产生时间移位,以用于补偿抽样的GPS信号。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于相关、匹配滤波和卷积算法中的至少之一提供伪范围信息,而且其特征在于所述处理还包括预处理和后处理运算。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于多普勒信息代表从卫星到基站的GPS信号的多普勒移位。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于至少一个伪范围用于计算所述GPS接收机的纬度和经度。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于在基站内结合视野中卫星的卫星星历信息、使用位置信息来确定GPS接收机的位置。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,还包括:
在蜂窝式通信链路上从基站接收在精确的载波信号上调制的信号;
使用在精确的载波信号上调制的信号校准由GPS接收机的本地振荡器生成的信号;以及
使用校准的本地振荡器的信号获取GPS信号。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,还包括:
自动锁定到调制的信号以便提供将频率锁定到精确的载波频率的参考信号;以及
通过比较参考信号和本地振荡器生成的信号来计算本地振荡器偏差,其中本地振荡器偏差用于校准来自本地振荡器的信号。
11.根据权利要求9所述的方法,还包括:
根据从基站接收的、对确定移动SPS单元的定位的请求使本地振荡器从低功率状态转变到全功率状态;以及
在获得SPS信号之后使本地振荡器从全功率状态转换到低功率状态。
12.一种GPS接收机,包括:
天线,用于从视野中卫星接收GPS信号;
数字转换器,用于以预定速率对所述GPS信号数字化以便产生抽样的GPS信号;
接收机,用于通过蜂窝式通信链路从蜂窝式通信系统的基站接收包含卫星数据信息的数据信号而不使用延迟卫星,所述卫星数据信息包括GPS接收机视野中卫星的多普勒信息,使得GPS接收机不必解调包含卫星星历信息的卫星信号,以便确定多普勒信息;
处理单元,用于通过在所述GPS接收机的所述抽样GPS信号上执行相关、匹配滤波和卷积算法中的至少之一来处理所述抽样的GPS信号,包括使用多普勒信息来计算卫星的位置信息而不接收并且不使用卫星星历信息,其中位置信息包括至少一个伪范围;以及
发射机,用于在蜂窝式链路上将位置信息从GPS接收机传输到基站,以用于确定GPS接收机的位置。
13.根据权利要求12所述的GPS接收机,其特征在于多普勒信息收自定位服务器并且通过蜂窝式通信系统的基站来转发。
14.根据权利要求13所述的GPS接收机,其特征在于位置信息由基站转发到定位服务器,以用于结合视野中威信的卫星星历信息来确定GPS接收机的位置。
15.根据权利要求12所述的GPS接收机,其特征在于所述多普勒信息用于补偿所述抽样GPS信号,而且其特征在于相关、匹配滤波和卷积算法中的至少之一根据多普勒信息产生时间移位,以用于补偿抽样的GPS信号。
16.根据权利要求15所述的GPS接收机,其特征在于相关、匹配滤波和卷积算法中的至少之一提供伪范围信息,而且其特征在于所述处理还包括预处理和后处理运算。
17.根据权利要求12所述的GPS接收机,其特征在于多普勒信息代表从卫星到基站的GPS信号的多普勒移位。
18.根据权利要求17所述的GPS接收机,其特征在于至少一个伪范围用于计算所述GPS接收机的纬度和经度。
19.根据权利要求12所述的GPS接收机,其特征在于在基站内结合视野中卫星的卫星星历信息、使用位置信息来确定GPS接收机的位置。
20.根据权利要求12所述的GPS接收机,还包括:
本地振荡器;以及
频率合成器,
其中所述接收机被配置成在蜂窝式通信链路上从基站接收在精确的载波信号上调制的信号,其中所述频率合成器被配置成使用在精确的载波信号上调制的信号校准由GPS接收机的本地振荡器生成的信号,并且所述天线被配置成使用校准的本地振荡器的信号获取GPS信号。
21.根据权利要求20所述的GPS接收机,还包括:
自动频率控制(AFC)电路,用于自动锁定到调制的信号以便提供将频率锁定到精确的载波频率的参考信号;以及
比较器,用于通过比较参考信号和本地振荡器生成的信号来计算本地振荡器偏差,其中本地振荡器偏差用于校准来自本地振荡器的信号。
22.根据权利要求20所述的GPS接收机,还包括功率管理单元,被配置成:
根据从基站接收的、对确定移动SPS单元的定位的请求使本地振荡器从低功率状态转变到全功率状态;以及
在获得SPS信号之后使本地振荡器从全功率状态转换到低功率状态。
CN2006101003002A 1995-10-09 1996-10-08 处理gps信号的gps接收机及方法 Expired - Lifetime CN1936616B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US531895P 1995-10-09 1995-10-09
US005318 1995-10-09
US08/612,582 US5874914A (en) 1995-10-09 1996-03-08 GPS receiver utilizing a communication link
US08/612,669 US5663734A (en) 1995-10-09 1996-03-08 GPS receiver and method for processing GPS signals
US08/613,966 US6133871A (en) 1995-10-09 1996-03-08 GPS receiver having power management
US612582 1996-03-08
US613966 1996-03-08
US612669 1996-03-08

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN96197519.9A Division CN1113250C (zh) 1995-10-09 1996-10-08 处理gps信号的gps接收机及方法
CNB031309895A Division CN100409027C (zh) 1995-10-09 1996-10-08 处理gps信号的gps接收机及方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1936616A CN1936616A (zh) 2007-03-28
CN1936616B true CN1936616B (zh) 2010-05-26

Family

ID=33434290

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN200710085825.8A Expired - Lifetime CN101093254B (zh) 1995-10-09 1996-10-08 处理gps信号的gps接收机及方法
CN2006101003002A Expired - Lifetime CN1936616B (zh) 1995-10-09 1996-10-08 处理gps信号的gps接收机及方法
CN2006101003731A Expired - Lifetime CN1928584B (zh) 1995-10-09 1996-10-08 使用共享电路的合成gps定位系统及通信系统

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN200710085825.8A Expired - Lifetime CN101093254B (zh) 1995-10-09 1996-10-08 处理gps信号的gps接收机及方法

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN2006101003731A Expired - Lifetime CN1928584B (zh) 1995-10-09 1996-10-08 使用共享电路的合成gps定位系统及通信系统

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (4) US5663734A (zh)
KR (1) KR100457329B1 (zh)
CN (3) CN101093254B (zh)
BR (1) BRPI9613030B1 (zh)
ES (5) ES2365242T3 (zh)
HK (2) HK1045563B (zh)
RU (1) RU2236692C2 (zh)

Families Citing this family (734)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10361802B1 (en) 1999-02-01 2019-07-23 Blanding Hovenweep, Llc Adaptive pattern recognition based control system and method
US8352400B2 (en) 1991-12-23 2013-01-08 Hoffberg Steven M Adaptive pattern recognition based controller apparatus and method and human-factored interface therefore
US6748320B2 (en) 1993-05-18 2004-06-08 Arrivalstar, Inc. Advance notification systems and methods utilizing a computer network
US6748318B1 (en) 1993-05-18 2004-06-08 Arrivalstar, Inc. Advanced notification systems and methods utilizing a computer network
US6618668B1 (en) * 2000-04-26 2003-09-09 Arrivalstar, Inc. System and method for obtaining vehicle schedule information in an advance notification system
US20030193413A1 (en) * 1993-05-18 2003-10-16 Jones M. Kelly Business methods for notification systems
US6278936B1 (en) * 1993-05-18 2001-08-21 Global Research Systems, Inc. System and method for an advance notification system for monitoring and reporting proximity of a vehicle
US20030098802A1 (en) * 1999-03-01 2003-05-29 Jones Martin Kelly Base station apparatus and method for monitoring travel of a mobile vehicle
USRE37408E1 (en) * 1993-05-21 2001-10-16 Trimble Navigation Ltd. Reduction of time to first fix in an SATPS receiver
US5917444A (en) * 1995-05-22 1999-06-29 Trimble Navigation Ltd. Reduction of time to first fix in an SATPS receiver
US20040113794A1 (en) 1994-10-27 2004-06-17 Dan Schlager Self-locating personal alarm system equipped parachute
US6198390B1 (en) 1994-10-27 2001-03-06 Dan Schlager Self-locating remote monitoring systems
US8606851B2 (en) 1995-06-06 2013-12-10 Wayport, Inc. Method and apparatus for geographic-based communications service
US5835061A (en) 1995-06-06 1998-11-10 Wayport, Inc. Method and apparatus for geographic-based communications service
US6633255B2 (en) 1995-10-09 2003-10-14 Qualcomm Inc. Method for open loop tracking GPS signals
EP0880713B2 (en) 1995-10-09 2011-01-26 Snaptrack, Inc. Combined gps positioning system and communications system utilizing shared circuitry
US5884214A (en) 1996-09-06 1999-03-16 Snaptrack, Inc. GPS receiver and method for processing GPS signals
DK0855041T3 (da) * 1995-10-09 2003-04-14 Snaptrack Inc GPS modtager og fremgangsmåde til behandling af GPS signaler
US6131067A (en) 1995-10-09 2000-10-10 Snaptrack, Inc. Client-server based remote locator device
US6208290B1 (en) 1996-03-08 2001-03-27 Snaptrack, Inc. GPS receiver utilizing a communication link
US7092369B2 (en) 1995-11-17 2006-08-15 Symbol Technologies, Inc. Communications network with wireless gateways for mobile terminal access
US6133874A (en) * 1996-03-08 2000-10-17 Snaptrack, Inc. Method and apparatus for acquiring satellite positioning system signals
US6804726B1 (en) 1996-05-22 2004-10-12 Geovector Corporation Method and apparatus for controlling electrical devices in response to sensed conditions
US6028883A (en) * 1996-07-12 2000-02-22 General Electric Company Low power signal processing for spread spectrum receivers
US6028887A (en) * 1996-07-12 2000-02-22 General Electric Company Power efficient receiver
US5982811A (en) * 1996-07-12 1999-11-09 General Electric Company Method for efficient sampling in a correlator
US6118808A (en) * 1996-07-12 2000-09-12 General Electric Company GPS receiver with efficient signal acquisition
US5987059A (en) * 1996-07-12 1999-11-16 General Electric Company Method for Doppler-replica harmonic avoidance
US5999125A (en) * 1996-07-31 1999-12-07 Motorola, Inc. Method and apparatus for a global positioning data service
US6185427B1 (en) 1996-09-06 2001-02-06 Snaptrack, Inc. Distributed satellite position system processing and application network
US7903029B2 (en) 1996-09-09 2011-03-08 Tracbeam Llc Wireless location routing applications and architecture therefor
US9134398B2 (en) 1996-09-09 2015-09-15 Tracbeam Llc Wireless location using network centric location estimators
US7714778B2 (en) 1997-08-20 2010-05-11 Tracbeam Llc Wireless location gateway and applications therefor
US6236365B1 (en) 1996-09-09 2001-05-22 Tracbeam, Llc Location of a mobile station using a plurality of commercial wireless infrastructures
WO1998010307A1 (en) 1996-09-09 1998-03-12 Dennis Jay Dupray Location of a mobile station
US5995042A (en) * 1997-01-02 1999-11-30 Motorola, Inc. Spoofer detection power management for GPS receivers
US8466795B2 (en) 1997-01-21 2013-06-18 Pragmatus Mobile LLC Personal security and tracking system
US6624754B1 (en) * 1998-01-20 2003-09-23 Hoffman Resources Llc Personal security and tracking system
US6215442B1 (en) 1997-02-03 2001-04-10 Snaptrack, Inc. Method and apparatus for determining time in a satellite positioning system
US5883594A (en) * 1997-02-20 1999-03-16 Trimble Navigation Limited GPS receiver using a message system for reducing power consumption
US6028849A (en) * 1997-04-18 2000-02-22 Vlsi Technology, Inc. Communication timing control arrangement and method thereof
US6353743B1 (en) * 1997-05-09 2002-03-05 Sony Corporation Positioning system using packet radio to determine position and to obtain information relative to a position
US6111541A (en) * 1997-05-09 2000-08-29 Sony Corporation Positioning system using packet radio to provide differential global positioning satellite corrections and information relative to a position
US6493338B1 (en) * 1997-05-19 2002-12-10 Airbiquity Inc. Multichannel in-band signaling for data communications over digital wireless telecommunications networks
US6771629B1 (en) 1999-01-15 2004-08-03 Airbiquity Inc. In-band signaling for synchronization in a voice communications network
BR9804923A (pt) * 1997-05-19 2001-09-18 Integrated Data Communications Sistema e processo para comunicação de dados de geo posicionamento em três eixos geométricos, por tempo auferido, dentro de redes de telecomunicação
US7164662B2 (en) * 1997-05-19 2007-01-16 Airbiquity, Inc. Network delay identification method and apparatus
US6690681B1 (en) * 1997-05-19 2004-02-10 Airbiquity Inc. In-band signaling for data communications over digital wireless telecommunications network
US6014080A (en) * 1998-10-28 2000-01-11 Pro Tech Monitoring, Inc. Body worn active and passive tracking device
US6101178A (en) 1997-07-10 2000-08-08 Ksi Inc. Pseudolite-augmented GPS for locating wireless telephones
US6560461B1 (en) 1997-08-04 2003-05-06 Mundi Fomukong Authorized location reporting paging system
US6118977A (en) * 1997-09-11 2000-09-12 Lucent Technologies, Inc. Telecommunications-assisted satellite positioning system
US6531982B1 (en) 1997-09-30 2003-03-11 Sirf Technology, Inc. Field unit for use in a GPS system
US8060308B2 (en) * 1997-10-22 2011-11-15 Intelligent Technologies International, Inc. Weather monitoring techniques
US6707842B2 (en) * 1997-10-22 2004-03-16 Via Telecom Co., Ltd. Accelerated base station searching by buffering samples
JPH11133135A (ja) * 1997-10-28 1999-05-21 Sony Corp Gps受信機、gps管理局ならびに位置情報システム
US6078290A (en) * 1998-01-06 2000-06-20 Trimble Navigation Limited User-controlled GPS receiver
US6327471B1 (en) 1998-02-19 2001-12-04 Conexant Systems, Inc. Method and an apparatus for positioning system assisted cellular radiotelephone handoff and dropoff
US6075987A (en) * 1998-02-27 2000-06-13 Ericsson Inc. Stand alone global positioning system (GPS) and method with high sensitivity
US6375612B1 (en) 1998-03-24 2002-04-23 P. Timothy Guichon Method and system for monitoring animals
US6348744B1 (en) 1998-04-14 2002-02-19 Conexant Systems, Inc. Integrated power management module
US5999124A (en) * 1998-04-22 1999-12-07 Snaptrack, Inc, Satellite positioning system augmentation with wireless communication signals
US6104338A (en) * 1998-05-04 2000-08-15 Snaptrack, Inc. Method and apparatus for operating a satellite positioning system receiver
US6061018A (en) * 1998-05-05 2000-05-09 Snaptrack, Inc. Method and system for using altitude information in a satellite positioning system
US6816710B2 (en) * 1998-05-06 2004-11-09 Snaptrack, Inc. Method and apparatus for signal processing in a satellite positioning system
US6236359B1 (en) 1998-05-14 2001-05-22 Nortel Networks Limited Cellular terminal location using GPS signals in the cellular band
US5982324A (en) * 1998-05-14 1999-11-09 Nortel Networks Corporation Combining GPS with TOA/TDOA of cellular signals to locate terminal
US6249245B1 (en) 1998-05-14 2001-06-19 Nortel Networks Limited GPS and cellular system interworking
US6133873A (en) * 1998-06-03 2000-10-17 Krasner; Norman F. Method and apparatus for adaptively processing GPS signals in a GPS receiver
US6636740B1 (en) 1998-06-16 2003-10-21 Ericsson Inc. Apparatus and methods for position computation based on broadcast initialization data
US6314308B1 (en) 1998-07-02 2001-11-06 Snaptrack, Inc. Method and apparatus for providing reserve power in a cellular telephone
US6236354B1 (en) 1998-07-02 2001-05-22 Snaptrack, Inc. Reducing satellite signal interference in a global positioning system receiver
US6114989A (en) * 1998-08-04 2000-09-05 Trimble Navigation Limited GPS data recorder and playback system
US6330452B1 (en) 1998-08-06 2001-12-11 Cell-Loc Inc. Network-based wireless location system to position AMPs (FDMA) cellular telephones, part I
US6188351B1 (en) 1998-08-13 2001-02-13 Ericsson Inc. Method for improving signal acquistion in a global positioning system receiver
US6204808B1 (en) 1998-08-13 2001-03-20 Ericsson Inc. Method and system for aiding GPS receivers via a cellular or PCS network
US7711038B1 (en) 1998-09-01 2010-05-04 Sirf Technology, Inc. System and method for despreading in a spread spectrum matched filter
US6067045A (en) 1998-09-01 2000-05-23 Hughes Electronics Corporation Communication network initialization apparatus and method for fast GPS-based positioning
US7545854B1 (en) 1998-09-01 2009-06-09 Sirf Technology, Inc. Doppler corrected spread spectrum matched filter
US6327473B1 (en) * 1998-09-08 2001-12-04 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for increasing the sensitivity of a global positioning satellite receiver
US6181911B1 (en) 1998-09-09 2001-01-30 Qualcomm Incorporated Simplified receiver with rotator for performing position location
US6211820B1 (en) 1998-09-09 2001-04-03 Qualcomm Incorporated Call maintainance during position location
US6323805B1 (en) 1998-09-09 2001-11-27 Qualcomm, Inc. Data boundary aware base station assisted position location
US6324227B1 (en) * 1998-09-09 2001-11-27 Qualcomm Incorporated Receiver for performing position location with efficient rotator
US6195041B1 (en) 1998-09-09 2001-02-27 Qualcomm Incorporated Reliable position location in memory limited environment
US6208292B1 (en) * 1998-09-09 2001-03-27 Qualcomm Incorporated Position location with low tolerance oscillator
US6222483B1 (en) 1998-09-29 2001-04-24 Nokia Mobile Phones Limited GPS location for mobile phones using the internet
US6487512B1 (en) * 2000-10-16 2002-11-26 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Method and system for synchronizing a time of day clock based on a satellite signal
US6693953B2 (en) 1998-09-30 2004-02-17 Skyworks Solutions, Inc. Adaptive wireless communication receiver
US6208297B1 (en) 1998-10-09 2001-03-27 Cell-Loc Inc. Methods and apparatus to position a mobile receiver using downlink signals, part I
WO2001065271A1 (en) * 1998-10-09 2001-09-07 Cell-Loc Inc. Methods and apparatus to position a mobile receiver using downlink signals
US6204812B1 (en) 1998-10-09 2001-03-20 Cell-Loc Inc. Methods and apparatus to position a mobile receiver using downlink signals, part II
US6266014B1 (en) 1998-10-09 2001-07-24 Cell-Loc Inc. Methods and apparatus to position a mobile receiver using downlink signals part IV
US6016121A (en) * 1998-10-09 2000-01-18 Rockwell Collins, Inc. Multiple frequency GPS receive operation using single frequency sequencing
EP1127405A1 (de) 1998-10-22 2001-08-29 Infineon Technologies AG Frequenzstabilisierte sende-/empfangsschaltungsanordnung
JP2000155163A (ja) * 1998-11-20 2000-06-06 Sony Computer Entertainment Inc 測位システム、測位方法、測位装置
US8135413B2 (en) 1998-11-24 2012-03-13 Tracbeam Llc Platform and applications for wireless location and other complex services
US7215967B1 (en) * 1998-12-22 2007-05-08 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) System and method for fast cold start of a GPS receiver in a telecommunications environment
US6297770B1 (en) 2000-05-23 2001-10-02 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Global positioning system and global positioning method with improved sensitivity by detecting navigation data inversion boundaries
US6449485B1 (en) 1999-01-22 2002-09-10 International Business Machines Corporation Technique for mobile wireless device location
US7904187B2 (en) 1999-02-01 2011-03-08 Hoffberg Steven M Internet appliance system and method
US6606349B1 (en) 1999-02-04 2003-08-12 Sirf Technology, Inc. Spread spectrum receiver performance improvement
US6448925B1 (en) 1999-02-04 2002-09-10 Conexant Systems, Inc. Jamming detection and blanking for GPS receivers
US6300899B1 (en) 1999-02-19 2001-10-09 Thomas M. King Fixed site data-aided GPS signal acquisition method and system
US6295024B1 (en) 1999-02-19 2001-09-25 Motorola, Inc. Autonomous data aided GPS signal acquisition method and system
US6121923A (en) * 1999-02-19 2000-09-19 Motorola, Inc. Fixed site and satellite data-aided GPS signal acquisition method and system
US6363123B1 (en) * 1999-02-23 2002-03-26 Leica Geosystems Inc. Receiver calibration technique for global orbiting navigation satellite system (GLONASS)
US20020026321A1 (en) * 1999-02-26 2002-02-28 Sadeg M. Faris Internet-based system and method for fairly and securely enabling timed-constrained competition using globally time-sychronized client subsystems and information servers having microsecond client-event resolution
US6067503A (en) * 1999-03-24 2000-05-23 Rockwell Collins, Inc. Method and apparatus for compensating unexpected frequency shifts in positioning receivers
JP3428629B2 (ja) * 1999-03-26 2003-07-22 日本電気株式会社 携帯電話装置及びその電力制御方法
US6577271B1 (en) * 1999-03-30 2003-06-10 Sirf Technology, Inc Signal detector employing coherent integration
US6304216B1 (en) 1999-03-30 2001-10-16 Conexant Systems, Inc. Signal detector employing correlation analysis of non-uniform and disjoint sample segments
US6546040B1 (en) * 1999-04-21 2003-04-08 Trimble Navigation Limited GPS receiver having improved signal acquisition at a low signal to noise ratio
US6606346B2 (en) 2001-05-18 2003-08-12 Global Locate, Inc. Method and apparatus for computing signal correlation
US6453237B1 (en) 1999-04-23 2002-09-17 Global Locate, Inc. Method and apparatus for locating and providing services to mobile devices
US9020756B2 (en) * 1999-04-23 2015-04-28 Global Locate, Inc. Method and apparatus for processing satellite positioning system signals
US6704348B2 (en) * 2001-05-18 2004-03-09 Global Locate, Inc. Method and apparatus for computing signal correlation at multiple resolutions
US6829534B2 (en) 1999-04-23 2004-12-07 Global Locate, Inc. Method and apparatus for performing timing synchronization
US6411892B1 (en) * 2000-07-13 2002-06-25 Global Locate, Inc. Method and apparatus for locating mobile receivers using a wide area reference network for propagating ephemeris
US6301545B1 (en) 1999-04-30 2001-10-09 Sirf Technology, Inc. Global positioning system tag system
US6351486B1 (en) 1999-05-25 2002-02-26 Conexant Systems, Inc. Accelerated selection of a base station in a wireless communication system
CN1230689C (zh) * 1999-05-25 2005-12-07 三星电子株式会社 带紧急通信信道的gps信号接收机
US6087983A (en) * 1999-07-20 2000-07-11 Glenayre Electronics, Inc. System for broadcasting GPS data to a pager
US8648692B2 (en) 1999-07-23 2014-02-11 Seong Sang Investments Llc Accessing an automobile with a transponder
US7016687B1 (en) * 1999-07-29 2006-03-21 Bryan Holland Portable locator system and method
US20050020241A1 (en) * 1999-07-29 2005-01-27 Bryan Holland Locator system
US20050026589A1 (en) * 1999-07-29 2005-02-03 Bryan Holland Remote locator system using A E911-enabled wireless system
US6459405B1 (en) * 1999-09-07 2002-10-01 Lucent Technologies Inc. Satellite-based location system employing knowledge-based sequential signal search strategy
US6647270B1 (en) * 1999-09-10 2003-11-11 Richard B. Himmelstein Vehicletalk
US6278403B1 (en) 1999-09-17 2001-08-21 Sirf Technology, Inc. Autonomous hardwired tracking loop coprocessor for GPS and WAAS receiver
US6374169B1 (en) 1999-09-23 2002-04-16 Caterpillar Inc. Apparatus and method for conserving power on an earth moving machine having a mobile communicator
WO2002000316A1 (en) 1999-09-24 2002-01-03 Goldberg Sheldon F Geographically constrained network services
EP1226697B1 (en) 1999-11-03 2010-09-22 Wayport, Inc. Distributed network communication system which enables multiple network providers to use a common distributed network infrastructure
JP4080123B2 (ja) * 1999-12-07 2008-04-23 パイオニア株式会社 ナビゲーションシステム
GB9929329D0 (en) * 1999-12-10 2000-02-02 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd Data processing
EP1240531A1 (en) * 1999-12-10 2002-09-18 Nokia Corporation A receiver for a satellite based position location system
US6642885B2 (en) 1999-12-10 2003-11-04 Nokia Corporation Receiver for a satellite based position location system
JP3697373B2 (ja) * 1999-12-10 2005-09-21 株式会社東芝 無線端末及び情報受信制御方法
US6526322B1 (en) 1999-12-16 2003-02-25 Sirf Technology, Inc. Shared memory architecture in GPS signal processing
US6985542B1 (en) 2000-06-02 2006-01-10 Cellguide Ltd. Coherent processing of satellite signals to locate a mobile unit
CN1425226A (zh) * 2000-01-18 2003-06-18 蜂窝导向有限公司 使用相干处理的卫星信号并结合固定信标信号来定位一个移动单元
US6285316B1 (en) 2000-06-02 2001-09-04 Cellguide Ltd. Locating a mobile unit using signals from both mobile beacons and stationary beacons
US6295023B1 (en) 2000-01-21 2001-09-25 Ericsson Inc. Methods, mobile stations and systems for acquiring global positioning system timing information
US6816878B1 (en) * 2000-02-11 2004-11-09 Steven L. Zimmers Alert notification system
US6510381B2 (en) 2000-02-11 2003-01-21 Thomas L. Grounds Vehicle mounted device and a method for transmitting vehicle position data to a network-based server
US6429811B1 (en) 2000-02-15 2002-08-06 Motorola, Inc. Method and apparatus for compressing GPS satellite broadcast message information
US6501420B2 (en) 2000-02-24 2002-12-31 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Mobile cellular telephone comprising a GPS receiver
GB0004371D0 (en) * 2000-02-24 2000-04-12 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv GPS receiver and mobile unit incorporating the same
US6888879B1 (en) * 2000-02-24 2005-05-03 Trimble Navigation Limited Method and apparatus for fast acquisition and low SNR tracking in satellite positioning system receivers
US6975998B1 (en) * 2000-03-01 2005-12-13 Arrivalstar, Inc. Package delivery notification system and method
US7173957B2 (en) * 2000-03-13 2007-02-06 Pri Research & Development Corp. Efficient epoch processing in multichannel global positioning system signal receiver
AU2000234641A1 (en) * 2000-03-13 2001-09-24 Smart Telecom Solutions B.V. Single chip spread spectrum receiver and transmitter for short messages
US7184461B2 (en) * 2000-03-13 2007-02-27 Pri Research & Development Corp. High speed precision pseudo random noise shift control for fast multiple channel global positioning system signal re-tracking
US6965631B2 (en) * 2000-03-13 2005-11-15 Pri Research & Development Corp. Low power passive correlators for multichannel global positioning system signal receiver
US6839547B2 (en) * 2000-03-30 2005-01-04 Cellguide Ltd. Enhanced GPS receiver utilizing wireless infrastructure
US6407699B1 (en) * 2000-04-14 2002-06-18 Chun Yang Method and device for rapidly extracting time and frequency parameters from high dynamic direct sequence spread spectrum radio signals under interference
US6763241B2 (en) * 2000-04-14 2004-07-13 Varitek Industries, Inc. Data communications synchronization using GPS receiver
US6850557B1 (en) * 2000-04-18 2005-02-01 Sirf Technology, Inc. Signal detector and method employing a coherent accumulation system to correlate non-uniform and disjoint sample segments
US6952440B1 (en) 2000-04-18 2005-10-04 Sirf Technology, Inc. Signal detector employing a Doppler phase correction system
US6714158B1 (en) 2000-04-18 2004-03-30 Sirf Technology, Inc. Method and system for data detection in a global positioning system satellite receiver
US6788655B1 (en) 2000-04-18 2004-09-07 Sirf Technology, Inc. Personal communications device with ratio counter
US6931055B1 (en) 2000-04-18 2005-08-16 Sirf Technology, Inc. Signal detector employing a doppler phase correction system
US7885314B1 (en) 2000-05-02 2011-02-08 Kenneth Scott Walley Cancellation system and method for a wireless positioning system
US6922546B1 (en) * 2000-05-03 2005-07-26 Lucent Technologies Inc. GPS signal acquisition based on frequency-domain and time-domain processing
US6665541B1 (en) * 2000-05-04 2003-12-16 Snaptrack, Incorporated Methods and apparatuses for using mobile GPS receivers to synchronize basestations in cellular networks
CA2411607A1 (en) * 2000-05-08 2001-11-15 Sigtec Navigation Pty Ltd. Satellite-based positioning system receiver for weak signal operation
GB0011761D0 (en) * 2000-05-16 2000-07-05 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv A method of despreading a spread spectrum signal
US6684158B1 (en) * 2001-02-28 2004-01-27 Sirf Technology, Inc. Method for aiding a global positioning system
US8116976B2 (en) 2000-05-18 2012-02-14 Csr Technology Inc. Satellite based positioning method and system for coarse location positioning
US7949362B2 (en) 2000-05-18 2011-05-24 Sirf Technology, Inc. Satellite positioning aided communication system selection
US6462708B1 (en) 2001-04-05 2002-10-08 Sirf Technology, Inc. GPS-based positioning system for mobile GPS terminals
US7813875B2 (en) * 2002-10-10 2010-10-12 Sirf Technology, Inc. Layered host based satellite positioning solutions
US8078189B2 (en) 2000-08-14 2011-12-13 Sirf Technology, Inc. System and method for providing location based services over a network
US7970412B2 (en) 2000-05-18 2011-06-28 Sirf Technology, Inc. Aided location communication system
US7970411B2 (en) 2000-05-18 2011-06-28 Sirf Technology, Inc. Aided location communication system
US7546395B2 (en) * 2002-10-10 2009-06-09 Sirf Technology, Inc. Navagation processing between a tracker hardware device and a computer host based on a satellite positioning solution system
US6427120B1 (en) 2000-08-14 2002-07-30 Sirf Technology, Inc. Information transfer in a multi-mode global positioning system used with wireless networks
US7929928B2 (en) 2000-05-18 2011-04-19 Sirf Technology Inc. Frequency phase correction system
US6389291B1 (en) 2000-08-14 2002-05-14 Sirf Technology Multi-mode global positioning system for use with wireless networks
US6778136B2 (en) 2001-12-13 2004-08-17 Sirf Technology, Inc. Fast acquisition of GPS signal
US6671620B1 (en) 2000-05-18 2003-12-30 Sirf Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for determining global position using almanac information
EP1174727A1 (en) * 2000-05-24 2002-01-23 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Global positioning system and global positioning method with improved sensitivity by detecting navigation data inversion boundaries
CN100554995C (zh) * 2000-05-24 2009-10-28 三菱电机株式会社 Gps终端、gps定位系统和gps定位方法
GB0012641D0 (en) * 2000-05-25 2000-07-12 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv A method of estimating the location of a device
US6738713B2 (en) 2000-05-26 2004-05-18 Parthus (Uk) Limited Positioning apparatus and method
GB0013148D0 (en) 2000-05-31 2000-07-19 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv A method of despreading GPS stread spectrum signals
US6329946B1 (en) * 2000-05-31 2001-12-11 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha GPS position measuring system and GPS position measuring apparatus
US10641861B2 (en) 2000-06-02 2020-05-05 Dennis J. Dupray Services and applications for a communications network
US9875492B2 (en) 2001-05-22 2018-01-23 Dennis J. Dupray Real estate transaction system
US10684350B2 (en) 2000-06-02 2020-06-16 Tracbeam Llc Services and applications for a communications network
US6323804B1 (en) 2000-06-06 2001-11-27 Motorola, Inc. Method and apparatus for GPS time determination
US6438381B1 (en) * 2000-06-08 2002-08-20 Motorola, Inc. Method and apparatus for location determination of a cellular telephone
AU2001272942A1 (en) * 2000-06-14 2001-12-24 Stephen Heppe Enhanced gnss receiver
GB0014719D0 (en) 2000-06-16 2000-08-09 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv A method of providing an estimate of a location
US7126527B1 (en) 2000-06-23 2006-10-24 Intel Corporation Method and apparatus for mobile device location via a network based local area augmentation system
US6675017B1 (en) 2000-06-30 2004-01-06 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation Location blocking service for wireless networks
US8041817B2 (en) 2000-06-30 2011-10-18 At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp Anonymous location service for wireless networks
US6738808B1 (en) * 2000-06-30 2004-05-18 Bell South Intellectual Property Corporation Anonymous location service for wireless networks
TW508914B (en) * 2000-07-04 2002-11-01 Asulab Sa Low power RF receiver with redistribution of synchronisation tasks
EP1170874A1 (de) * 2000-07-05 2002-01-09 Infineon Technologies AG Empfangseinrichtung, insbesondere für den Mobilfunk
US6704545B1 (en) 2000-07-19 2004-03-09 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Point-to-multipoint digital radio frequency transport
US20020087265A1 (en) * 2000-07-19 2002-07-04 Thacker William E. Tightly coupled remote location device utilizing flexible circuitry
US6505123B1 (en) 2000-07-24 2003-01-07 Weatherbank, Inc. Interactive weather advisory system
US6856794B1 (en) 2000-07-27 2005-02-15 Sirf Technology, Inc. Monolithic GPS RF front end integrated circuit
US7616705B1 (en) 2000-07-27 2009-11-10 Sirf Technology Holdings, Inc. Monolithic GPS RF front end integrated circuit
US7796998B1 (en) * 2000-08-01 2010-09-14 At&T Intellectual Property, I, L.P. Method and system for delivery of a calling party's location
CA2418855A1 (en) * 2000-08-09 2002-02-14 Skybitz, Inc. System and method for fast code phase and carrier frequency acquisition in gps receiver
US6961019B1 (en) * 2000-08-10 2005-11-01 Sirf Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for reducing GPS receiver jamming during transmission in a wireless receiver
US7236883B2 (en) 2000-08-14 2007-06-26 Sirf Technology, Inc. Aiding in a satellite positioning system
US6922567B1 (en) 2000-08-22 2005-07-26 Telefonaktiebolaget L.M. Ericsson Systems, methods and computer program products for identifying items of interest that are geographically proximate to wireless communicator users
ATE507486T1 (de) * 2000-08-24 2011-05-15 Sirf Tech Inc Vorrichtung zur reduzierung von autokorrelation und kreuzkorrelation bei schwachen cdma-signalen
US7436907B1 (en) 2000-08-24 2008-10-14 Sirf Technology, Inc. Analog compression of GPS C/A signal to audio bandwidth
US7680178B2 (en) 2000-08-24 2010-03-16 Sirf Technology, Inc. Cross-correlation detection and elimination in a receiver
US6331836B1 (en) 2000-08-24 2001-12-18 Fast Location.Net, Llc Method and apparatus for rapidly estimating the doppler-error and other receiver frequency errors of global positioning system satellite signals weakened by obstructions in the signal path
US6665612B1 (en) * 2000-08-29 2003-12-16 Sirf Technology, Inc. Navigation processing for a satellite positioning system receiver
US6931233B1 (en) 2000-08-31 2005-08-16 Sirf Technology, Inc. GPS RF front end IC with programmable frequency synthesizer for use in wireless phones
AU2001290219A1 (en) * 2000-09-18 2002-03-26 Cellguide Ltd. Efficient algorithm for processing gps signals
US6750814B1 (en) 2000-09-18 2004-06-15 Cellguide Ltd. Efficient algorithm for processing GPS signals
EP1325561A4 (en) * 2000-09-18 2004-07-28 Skybitz Inc SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR QUICK CODE PHASE AND CARRIER FREQUENCY DETECTION IN A GPS RECEIVER
JP2004510138A (ja) 2000-09-20 2004-04-02 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ 移動装置の位置を決定する方法
US7463893B1 (en) 2000-09-22 2008-12-09 Sirf Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for implementing a GPS receiver on a single integrated circuit
AT4838U1 (de) * 2000-10-04 2001-12-27 Steyr Daimler Puch Ag Achsantriebsblock für ein kraftfahrzeug
US6437734B1 (en) 2000-10-11 2002-08-20 Seiko Epson Corporation Satellite navigation receiver and method
AU2006201159B2 (en) * 2000-10-27 2008-09-18 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for estimating velocity of a terminal in a wireless communication system
US6718174B2 (en) * 2000-10-27 2004-04-06 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for estimating velocity of a terminal in a wireless communication system
US6937187B2 (en) * 2000-11-17 2005-08-30 Global Locate, Inc. Method and apparatus for forming a dynamic model to locate position of a satellite receiver
US7196660B2 (en) 2000-11-17 2007-03-27 Global Locate, Inc Method and system for determining time in a satellite positioning system
US20070200752A1 (en) 2001-06-06 2007-08-30 Global Locate, Inc. Method and apparatus for maintaining integrity of long-term orbits in a remote receiver
US6417801B1 (en) 2000-11-17 2002-07-09 Global Locate, Inc. Method and apparatus for time-free processing of GPS signals
US6920190B2 (en) * 2000-11-21 2005-07-19 Research In Motion Limited System and method for inverting automatic frequency control (AFC)
US7047023B1 (en) 2000-12-01 2006-05-16 Sirf Technology, Inc. GPS RF front end IC with frequency plan for improved integrability
US6525688B2 (en) * 2000-12-04 2003-02-25 Enuvis, Inc. Location-determination method and apparatus
GB0029876D0 (en) * 2000-12-07 2001-01-24 Parthus Uk Ltd Positioning apparatus and method
US7747236B1 (en) 2000-12-11 2010-06-29 Sirf Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for estimating local oscillator frequency for GPS receivers
US6839792B2 (en) * 2000-12-15 2005-01-04 Innovative Concepts, Inc. Data modem
US6799049B1 (en) 2000-12-19 2004-09-28 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation System and method for tracking movement of a wireless device
US7116977B1 (en) 2000-12-19 2006-10-03 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation System and method for using location information to execute an action
US7130630B1 (en) 2000-12-19 2006-10-31 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation Location query service for wireless networks
US7245925B2 (en) 2000-12-19 2007-07-17 At&T Intellectual Property, Inc. System and method for using location information to execute an action
US7428411B2 (en) 2000-12-19 2008-09-23 At&T Delaware Intellectual Property, Inc. Location-based security rules
US7224978B2 (en) 2000-12-19 2007-05-29 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation Location blocking service from a wireless service provider
US7110749B2 (en) 2000-12-19 2006-09-19 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation Identity blocking service from a wireless service provider
US7181225B1 (en) 2000-12-19 2007-02-20 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation System and method for surveying wireless device users by location
US7085555B2 (en) 2000-12-19 2006-08-01 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation Location blocking service from a web advertiser
US7113552B1 (en) 2000-12-21 2006-09-26 Sirf Technology, Inc. Phase sampling techniques using amplitude bits for digital receivers
US6535815B2 (en) * 2000-12-22 2003-03-18 Telefonaktiebolaget L. M. Ericsson Position updating method for a mobile terminal equipped with a positioning receiver
US6839552B1 (en) * 2000-12-26 2005-01-04 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation System and method for reporting an emergency situation
US6433735B1 (en) 2000-12-26 2002-08-13 Telefonaktiebolaget (Lme) Mobile terminal and system and method for determining the geographic location of a mobile terminal
US6480151B2 (en) 2000-12-29 2002-11-12 Lockheed Martin Corporation GPS receiver interference nuller with no satellite signal distortion
US6885338B2 (en) * 2000-12-29 2005-04-26 Lockheed Martin Corporation Adaptive digital beamformer coefficient processor for satellite signal interference reduction
US6545606B2 (en) 2001-01-25 2003-04-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Device and method for alerting to the need to recover something, identifying it, and determining its location for purposes of recovery
US7671489B1 (en) 2001-01-26 2010-03-02 Sirf Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for selectively maintaining circuit power when higher voltages are present
US6865380B2 (en) * 2001-02-05 2005-03-08 Nokia Corporation Method, apparatus and system for frequency stabilization using cellular signal bursts
GB0102881D0 (en) 2001-02-06 2001-03-21 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv A method of despreading GPS signals
EP1360521A1 (en) 2001-02-06 2003-11-12 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. A method of despreading gps signals
US6680703B1 (en) 2001-02-16 2004-01-20 Sirf Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for optimally tuning a circularly polarized patch antenna after installation
US6703971B2 (en) * 2001-02-21 2004-03-09 Sirf Technologies, Inc. Mode determination for mobile GPS terminals
US6583758B2 (en) * 2001-02-22 2003-06-24 Motorola, Inc. Memory reduction method for a DSP-based GPS processor
US7003264B2 (en) 2001-02-27 2006-02-21 Agilent Technologies, Inc. System and methods for comparing data quality for multiple wireless communication networks
US6810380B1 (en) 2001-03-28 2004-10-26 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation Personal safety enhancement for communication devices
US7076256B1 (en) 2001-04-16 2006-07-11 Sirf Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for transmitting position data using control channels in wireless networks
US6848542B2 (en) * 2001-04-27 2005-02-01 Accenture Llp Method for passive mining of usage information in a location-based services system
US7698228B2 (en) * 2001-04-27 2010-04-13 Accenture Llp Tracking purchases in a location-based services system
US7970648B2 (en) 2001-04-27 2011-06-28 Accenture Global Services Limited Advertising campaign and business listing management for a location-based services system
KR20020083747A (ko) * 2001-04-30 2002-11-04 주식회사 네비콤 광역 지구측위 방식 수신기의 전원 관리 장치
US6882274B2 (en) * 2001-05-02 2005-04-19 Northrop Grumman Corporation Energy conserving satellite tracking tag
US6891880B2 (en) * 2001-05-18 2005-05-10 Global Locate, Inc. Method and apparatus for performing signal correlation
US7567636B2 (en) * 2001-05-18 2009-07-28 Global Locate, Inc. Method and apparatus for performing signal correlation using historical correlation data
US7006556B2 (en) * 2001-05-18 2006-02-28 Global Locate, Inc. Method and apparatus for performing signal correlation at multiple resolutions to mitigate multipath interference
US7190712B2 (en) * 2001-05-18 2007-03-13 Global Locate, Inc Method and apparatus for performing signal correlation
US8098716B2 (en) * 2001-05-18 2012-01-17 Broadcom Corporation Method and apparatus for providing an energy-based signal tracking loop
US7995682B2 (en) * 2001-05-18 2011-08-09 Broadcom Corporation Method and apparatus for performing signal processing using historical correlation data
US7769076B2 (en) 2001-05-18 2010-08-03 Broadcom Corporation Method and apparatus for performing frequency synchronization
US8244271B2 (en) 2001-05-21 2012-08-14 Csr Technology Inc. Distributed data collection of satellite data
US7925210B2 (en) * 2001-05-21 2011-04-12 Sirf Technology, Inc. Synchronizing a radio network with end user radio terminals
US7668554B2 (en) 2001-05-21 2010-02-23 Sirf Technology, Inc. Network system for aided GPS broadcast positioning
US7877104B2 (en) * 2001-05-21 2011-01-25 Sirf Technology Inc. Method for synchronizing a radio network using end user radio terminals
US8082096B2 (en) 2001-05-22 2011-12-20 Tracbeam Llc Wireless location routing applications and architecture therefor
KR100448574B1 (ko) * 2001-06-05 2004-09-13 주식회사 네비콤 지피에스 단말기 및 무선통신 단말기에 대한 측위 방법
US6993316B2 (en) * 2001-06-05 2006-01-31 Xm Sattellite Radio, Inc. Method and apparatus for backup power in a communication system
US8090536B2 (en) * 2001-06-06 2012-01-03 Broadcom Corporation Method and apparatus for compression of long term orbit data
US8212719B2 (en) * 2001-06-06 2012-07-03 Global Locate, Inc. Method and apparatus for background decoding of a satellite navigation message to maintain integrity of long term orbit information in a remote receiver
US20080186229A1 (en) * 2001-06-06 2008-08-07 Van Diggelen Frank Method and Apparatus for Monitoring Satellite-Constellation Configuration To Maintain Integrity of Long-Term-Orbit Information In A Remote Receiver
US6535163B1 (en) 2001-06-22 2003-03-18 Enuvis, Inc. Determining location information using sampled data containing location-determining signals and noise
US6542116B1 (en) 2001-06-22 2003-04-01 Enuvis, Inc. Determining the spatio-temporal and kinematic parameters of a signal receiver and its clock by information fusion
US7164736B2 (en) 2001-06-22 2007-01-16 Sirf Technology, Inc. Synthesizing coherent correlation sums at one or multiple carrier frequencies using correlation sums calculated at a course set of frequencies
US6512479B1 (en) 2001-06-22 2003-01-28 Enuvis, Inc. Signal acquisition using data bit information
US7283567B2 (en) * 2001-06-22 2007-10-16 Airbiquity Inc. Network delay identification method and apparatus
US7027534B2 (en) * 2001-06-22 2006-04-11 Sirf Technology, Inc. Extracting fine-tuned estimates from correlation functions evaluated at a limited number of values
US6697658B2 (en) 2001-07-02 2004-02-24 Masimo Corporation Low power pulse oximeter
US6529160B2 (en) 2001-07-18 2003-03-04 Fast Location.Net, Llc Method and system for determining carrier frequency offsets for positioning signals
US6882309B2 (en) 2001-07-18 2005-04-19 Fast Location. Net, Llc Method and system for processing positioning signals based on predetermined message data segment
US9052374B2 (en) 2001-07-18 2015-06-09 Fast Location.Net, Llc Method and system for processing positioning signals based on predetermined message data segment
US6628234B2 (en) 2001-07-18 2003-09-30 Fast Location.Net, Llc Method and system for processing positioning signals in a stand-alone mode
US6515620B1 (en) 2001-07-18 2003-02-04 Fast Location.Net, Llc Method and system for processing positioning signals in a geometric mode
GB0117883D0 (en) 2001-07-21 2001-09-12 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Method and apparatus for estimating gps time
US6651000B2 (en) 2001-07-25 2003-11-18 Global Locate, Inc. Method and apparatus for generating and distributing satellite tracking information in a compact format
EP1289123A1 (fr) * 2001-08-10 2003-03-05 Asulab S.A. Dispositif à conversion de fréquence de signaux radiofréquences pour un récepteur GPS
US6775319B2 (en) 2001-08-16 2004-08-10 Motorola, Inc. Spread spectrum receiver architectures and methods therefor
US6532251B1 (en) 2001-08-16 2003-03-11 Motorola, Inc. Data message bit synchronization and local time correction methods and architectures
CA2355426A1 (en) * 2001-08-17 2003-02-17 Luther Haave A system and method for asset tracking
WO2003024131A1 (en) * 2001-09-10 2003-03-20 Sirf Technology, Inc. System for utilizing cell information to locate a wireless device
DE10144907A1 (de) 2001-09-12 2003-04-03 Infineon Technologies Ag Sendeanordnung, insbesondere für den Mobilfunk
US6785543B2 (en) 2001-09-14 2004-08-31 Mobile Satellite Ventures, Lp Filters for combined radiotelephone/GPS terminals
WO2003025618A2 (en) * 2001-09-14 2003-03-27 Sirf Technology, Inc. Advanced power management for satellite positioning system
US7155340B2 (en) * 2001-09-14 2006-12-26 Atc Technologies, Llc Network-assisted global positioning systems, methods and terminals including doppler shift and code phase estimates
US6690956B2 (en) 2001-09-28 2004-02-10 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation System and method for enabling safe hands-free operation of a wireless telephone in a vehicle
US6965754B2 (en) * 2001-10-09 2005-11-15 Motorola, Inc. Satellite positioning system receiver with reference oscillator circuit and methods therefor
US7215965B2 (en) 2001-11-01 2007-05-08 Airbiquity Inc. Facility and method for wireless transmission of location data in a voice channel of a digital wireless telecommunications network
US7656350B2 (en) * 2001-11-06 2010-02-02 Global Locate Method and apparatus for processing a satellite positioning system signal using a cellular acquisition signal
US6795877B2 (en) * 2001-11-29 2004-09-21 Intel Corporation Configurable serial bus to couple baseband and application processors
US6748202B2 (en) * 2001-12-12 2004-06-08 Nokia Corporation Method, apparatus and system for synchronizing a cellular communication system to GPS time
US6812887B2 (en) * 2001-12-12 2004-11-02 Nokia Corporation Method and apparatus for saving power in a global positioning system receiver
US20030125045A1 (en) * 2001-12-27 2003-07-03 Riley Wyatt Thomas Creating and using base station almanac information in a wireless communication system having a position location capability
US7026985B2 (en) * 2002-01-15 2006-04-11 Accord Softwire And Systems Pvt. Ltd. Global positioning system receiver
AU2003207954A1 (en) * 2002-01-16 2003-07-30 Cellguide System for the efficient utilization of navigation satellites
US6693585B1 (en) 2002-02-07 2004-02-17 Aradiant Corporation Self-contained selectively activated mobile object position reporting device with reduced power consumption and minimized wireless service fees.
US6615136B1 (en) 2002-02-19 2003-09-02 Motorola, Inc Method of increasing location accuracy in an inertial navigational device
US6577953B1 (en) 2002-02-19 2003-06-10 Motorola, Inc. Device for use with a portable inertial navigation system (PINS) and method for processing PINS signals
US6509870B1 (en) * 2002-02-19 2003-01-21 Seiko Epson Corporation Software-compensated crystal oscillator
US7184728B2 (en) * 2002-02-25 2007-02-27 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Distributed automatic gain control system
JP3726897B2 (ja) * 2002-02-27 2005-12-14 ソニー株式会社 Gps受信機およびgps衛星信号の受信方法
JP2003255040A (ja) * 2002-02-28 2003-09-10 Sony Corp Gps受信機および受信方法
US7327805B2 (en) * 2002-02-28 2008-02-05 Tsi Telsys, Inc. Device, apparatus and method for receiving data transmissions having different data rates
US8126889B2 (en) * 2002-03-28 2012-02-28 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Location fidelity adjustment based on mobile subscriber privacy profile
US8027697B2 (en) * 2007-09-28 2011-09-27 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Public safety access point (PSAP) selection for E911 wireless callers in a GSM type system
US20030186699A1 (en) * 2002-03-28 2003-10-02 Arlene Havlark Wireless telecommunications location based services scheme selection
US8290505B2 (en) 2006-08-29 2012-10-16 Telecommunications Systems, Inc. Consequential location derived information
US9154906B2 (en) 2002-03-28 2015-10-06 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Area watcher for wireless network
US6944540B2 (en) 2002-03-28 2005-09-13 Motorola, Inc. Time determination in satellite positioning system receivers and methods therefor
US20040203597A1 (en) * 2002-03-28 2004-10-14 Pitt Lance Douglas Mobile subscriber privacy evaluation using solicited vs. unsolicited differentiation
US8918073B2 (en) * 2002-03-28 2014-12-23 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Wireless telecommunications location based services scheme selection
US7426380B2 (en) 2002-03-28 2008-09-16 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Location derived presence information
US6937872B2 (en) * 2002-04-15 2005-08-30 Qualcomm Incorporated Methods and apparatuses for measuring frequencies of basestations in cellular networks using mobile GPS receivers
US7460870B2 (en) * 2002-04-25 2008-12-02 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for location determination in a wireless assisted hybrid positioning system
US6661371B2 (en) 2002-04-30 2003-12-09 Motorola, Inc. Oscillator frequency correction in GPS signal acquisition
DE60317193T2 (de) * 2002-05-22 2008-08-14 Sirf Technology, Inc., San Jose Hilfe in einem satellitenpositionierungssystem
US6831901B2 (en) * 2002-05-31 2004-12-14 Opencell Corporation System and method for retransmission of data
AU2003278142A1 (en) * 2002-06-20 2004-01-06 Sirf Technology, Inc. Generic satellite positioning system receivers with programmable inputs and selectable inputs and outputs
US6747596B2 (en) * 2002-06-20 2004-06-08 Sirf Technology, Inc. Generic satellite positioning system receivers with programmable inputs
US6738013B2 (en) * 2002-06-20 2004-05-18 Sirf Technology, Inc. Generic satellite positioning system receivers with selective inputs and outputs
US20040010368A1 (en) * 2002-07-10 2004-01-15 Logan Scott Assisted GPS signal detection and processing system for indoor location determination
JP4172217B2 (ja) * 2002-07-19 2008-10-29 富士ゼロックス株式会社 電源管理装置
US7133772B2 (en) * 2002-07-30 2006-11-07 Global Locate, Inc. Method and apparatus for navigation using instantaneous Doppler measurements from satellites
ATE389889T1 (de) 2002-08-15 2008-04-15 Sirf Tech Inc Schnittstelle für ein gps-system
US7197089B2 (en) * 2002-08-30 2007-03-27 Rf Micro Devices, Inc. Frequency plan for GPS receiver
US7099406B2 (en) * 2002-08-30 2006-08-29 Rf Micro Devices, Inc. Alias sampling for IF-to-baseband conversion in a GPS receiver
US20040043745A1 (en) * 2002-08-30 2004-03-04 Richard Najarian Integrated GPS receiver architecture
US6693580B1 (en) * 2002-09-04 2004-02-17 Northrop Grumman Corporation Multifunction millimeter-wave system for radar, communications, IFF and surveillance
WO2004034077A2 (en) 2002-10-04 2004-04-22 Sigtec Navigation Pty Ltd Satellite-based positioning system improvement
US20050047275A1 (en) * 2003-09-01 2005-03-03 Geo-X Systems, Ltd. Synchronization and positioning of seismic data acquisition systems
US7224721B2 (en) * 2002-10-11 2007-05-29 The Mitre Corporation System for direct acquisition of received signals
US20040198382A1 (en) * 2002-10-15 2004-10-07 Hammond Wong GPS children locator
US7660588B2 (en) 2002-10-17 2010-02-09 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for improving radio location accuracy with measurements
US20040202292A1 (en) * 2002-10-17 2004-10-14 Jennifer Cook Mobile station tracking in a wireless telecommunication system
US7132980B2 (en) * 2002-11-01 2006-11-07 Sirf Technology, Inc. Multi-function device with positioning system and shared processor
US6806827B2 (en) * 2002-11-18 2004-10-19 Rf Micro Devices, Inc. Using FFT engines to process decorrelated GPS signals to establish frequencies of received signals
US7065629B2 (en) * 2002-11-18 2006-06-20 Rf Micro Devices, Inc. Address translation logic for use in a GPS receiver
US6778135B2 (en) * 2002-11-18 2004-08-17 Rf Micro Devices, Inc. GPS Receiver
US20040095272A1 (en) * 2002-11-18 2004-05-20 Rf Micro Devices, Inc. Saving power in a GPS receiver by controlling domain clocking
US6825802B2 (en) * 2002-11-18 2004-11-30 Andreas Warloe Avoiding interference to a GPS receiver from wireless transmissions by time multiplexing GPS reception
US8958789B2 (en) 2002-12-03 2015-02-17 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Distributed digital antenna system
US20070238455A1 (en) * 2006-04-07 2007-10-11 Yinjun Zhu Mobile based area event handling when currently visited network doe not cover area
US8666397B2 (en) 2002-12-13 2014-03-04 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Area event handling when current network does not cover target area
US6816111B2 (en) 2002-12-13 2004-11-09 Qualcomm Incorporated Calibration and correction system for satellite position location systems
US6768452B2 (en) 2002-12-19 2004-07-27 Texas Instrucments Incorporated System and method for providing time to a satellite positioning system (SPS) receiver from a networked time server
US6774838B2 (en) * 2002-12-27 2004-08-10 Kinpo Electronics, Inc. Power saving device and method for GPS receiver
US7421342B2 (en) 2003-01-09 2008-09-02 Atc Technologies, Llc Network-assisted global positioning systems, methods and terminals including doppler shift and code phase estimates
US7155183B2 (en) * 2003-01-16 2006-12-26 Global Locate, Inc. Method and apparatus for adjusting reference oscillator frequency in a mobile wireless device
US20040142766A1 (en) * 2003-01-17 2004-07-22 Chris Savarese Apparatuses, methods and systems relating to findable golf balls
US7161977B1 (en) 2003-01-28 2007-01-09 Trimble Navigation Limited Receiver having a ratio-based signal acquisition method
US7170447B2 (en) * 2003-02-14 2007-01-30 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for processing navigation data in position determination
US8144810B2 (en) * 2003-02-19 2012-03-27 Csr Technology Inc. Serial radio frequency to baseband interface with programmable clock
US8903348B2 (en) * 2003-02-19 2014-12-02 Csr Technology Inc. Serial radio frequency to baseband interface with power control
ES2221557B1 (es) * 2003-03-17 2005-10-01 Universitat Politecnica De Catalunya Dispositivo de recepcion doppler/delay y almacenamiento de señales gps.
US8010124B2 (en) * 2003-03-24 2011-08-30 Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications Ab Methods, systems and computer program products for providing location determination information to an assisted location service
GB2399966A (en) * 2003-03-27 2004-09-29 Nokia Corp Temperature-insensitive GPS receiver
US7136430B2 (en) 2003-03-31 2006-11-14 Nortel Networks Limited Digital receiver and method
US6987953B2 (en) * 2003-03-31 2006-01-17 Nortel Networks Limited Digital transmitter and method
JP2004328263A (ja) * 2003-04-23 2004-11-18 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Dsrc車載器
US7119716B2 (en) 2003-05-28 2006-10-10 Legalview Assets, Limited Response systems and methods for notification systems for modifying future notifications
US7324797B2 (en) * 2003-06-12 2008-01-29 Raytheon Company Bragg-cell application to high probability of intercept receiver
US6975266B2 (en) * 2003-06-17 2005-12-13 Global Locate, Inc. Method and apparatus for locating position of a satellite signal receiver
US20040263386A1 (en) * 2003-06-26 2004-12-30 King Thomas M. Satellite positioning system receivers and methods
US8483717B2 (en) 2003-06-27 2013-07-09 Qualcomm Incorporated Local area network assisted positioning
US8971913B2 (en) * 2003-06-27 2015-03-03 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for wireless network hybrid positioning
EP1639839A4 (en) * 2003-06-27 2010-08-04 Qualcomm Inc DEVICE AND METHOD FOR REDUCING POWER SUPPLY IN A POSITION DETERMINATION DEVICE
BRPI0411911B1 (pt) 2003-06-27 2020-11-03 Qualcomm Incorporated método e equipamento para posicionamento híbrido de rede sem fio
US7117094B2 (en) * 2003-07-17 2006-10-03 Novatel, Inc. Seismic measuring system including GPS receivers
US7123928B2 (en) 2003-07-21 2006-10-17 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for creating and using a base station almanac for position determination
US7463979B2 (en) * 2003-08-28 2008-12-09 Motorola, Inc. Method and apparatus for initializing an approximate position in a GPS receiver
US7546423B2 (en) * 2003-09-02 2009-06-09 Sirf Technology, Inc. Signal processing system control method and apparatus
US7822105B2 (en) 2003-09-02 2010-10-26 Sirf Technology, Inc. Cross-correlation removal of carrier wave jamming signals
KR20070019940A (ko) 2003-09-02 2007-02-16 서프 테크놀러지, 인코포레이티드 위성 위치결정 시스템 수신기에 대한 제어 및 특징들
WO2008024123A2 (en) 2005-10-28 2008-02-28 Sirf Technology, Inc. Global positioning system receiver timeline management
US8138972B2 (en) * 2003-09-02 2012-03-20 Csr Technology Inc. Signal processing system for satellite positioning signals
US20050052317A1 (en) * 2003-09-04 2005-03-10 Eride, Inc. Combination navigation satellite receivers and communications devices
GB0320993D0 (en) * 2003-09-09 2003-10-08 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv A method of acquiring a received spread spectrum signal
US6885337B2 (en) * 2003-09-10 2005-04-26 Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications Ab Methods and apparatus for determining the position of a mobile terminal using localized source assistance information
US7369815B2 (en) * 2003-09-19 2008-05-06 Qualcomm Incorporated Power collapse for a wireless terminal
US7321776B2 (en) * 2003-09-25 2008-01-22 Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications Ab Estimating GPS time at cellular terminals based on timing of information from base stations and satellites
GB0322685D0 (en) * 2003-09-27 2003-10-29 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Method of position determination
US7409188B2 (en) * 2003-11-26 2008-08-05 Nokia Corporation Method and apparatus for lowering power use by a ranging receiver
JP3806425B2 (ja) * 2003-12-01 2006-08-09 マゼランシステムズジャパン株式会社 衛星測位方法及び衛星測位システム
FR2863123B1 (fr) * 2003-12-01 2006-04-28 Cit Alcatel Procede d'acquisition de donnees satellitaires
US7424293B2 (en) 2003-12-02 2008-09-09 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. User plane location based service using message tunneling to support roaming
US8725161B2 (en) * 2003-12-08 2014-05-13 Qualcomm Incorporated Excess delay estimation using total received power
GB2409376B (en) * 2003-12-17 2006-06-28 Motorola Inc A subscriber unit, a cellular communication system and a method for determining a location therefor
US7260186B2 (en) 2004-03-23 2007-08-21 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Solutions for voice over internet protocol (VoIP) 911 location services
US20080126535A1 (en) 2006-11-28 2008-05-29 Yinjun Zhu User plane location services over session initiation protocol (SIP)
US20080090546A1 (en) 2006-10-17 2008-04-17 Richard Dickinson Enhanced E911 network access for a call center using session initiation protocol (SIP) messaging
US7181228B2 (en) * 2003-12-31 2007-02-20 Corporation For National Research Initiatives System and method for establishing and monitoring the relative location of group members
FR2865605B1 (fr) * 2004-01-26 2006-04-28 Cit Alcatel Procede de localisation assistee de terminaux mobiles de communication d'un reseau cellulaire, par utilisation d'un canal de transport ussd
US7365680B2 (en) * 2004-02-10 2008-04-29 Sirf Technology, Inc. Location services system that reduces auto-correlation or cross-correlation in weak signals
JP4315832B2 (ja) * 2004-02-17 2009-08-19 三菱電機株式会社 熱型赤外センサ素子および熱型赤外センサアレイ
US7453920B2 (en) * 2004-03-09 2008-11-18 Atc Technologies, Llc Code synchronization in CDMA satellite wireless communications system using uplink channel detection
US20050209762A1 (en) * 2004-03-18 2005-09-22 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method and apparatus for controlling a vehicle using an object detection system and brake-steer
US9137771B2 (en) * 2004-04-02 2015-09-15 Qualcomm Incorporated Methods and apparatuses for beacon assisted position determination systems
JP2005292082A (ja) * 2004-04-05 2005-10-20 Denso Corp 衛星航法用制御装置
US7256731B2 (en) * 2004-05-27 2007-08-14 Northrop Grumman Corporation Power cycling for a global positioning system
US7719576B2 (en) * 2004-06-14 2010-05-18 Broadcom Corporation Method and apparatus for tagging digital photographs with geographic location data
US7606328B1 (en) 2004-06-18 2009-10-20 Rockwell Collins, Inc. Common signal generation for an RF receiver
US7319878B2 (en) 2004-06-18 2008-01-15 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for determining location of a base station using a plurality of mobile stations in a wireless mobile network
KR100617787B1 (ko) * 2004-06-29 2006-08-28 삼성전자주식회사 고속 퓨리에 변환을 이용하여 방해전파를 검출하는전세계위치확인 시스템 수신기 및 방법
ES2445825T3 (es) * 2004-07-09 2014-03-05 Vodafone Group Plc Método de determinación de posición y aparto terminal de comunicación móvil
US7528770B2 (en) * 2004-07-15 2009-05-05 Novatel Inc. Method for positioning using GPS in a restrictive coverage environment
US20060021231A1 (en) * 2004-07-28 2006-02-02 Carey Nancy D Adaptive scissors
JP2006038734A (ja) * 2004-07-29 2006-02-09 Seiko Epson Corp 測位システム、端末装置、端末装置の制御方法、端末装置の制御プログラム、端末装置の制御プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体
US20060034354A1 (en) * 2004-08-16 2006-02-16 Camp William O Jr Apparatus, methods and computer program products for positioning system signal processing using parallel computational techniques
US7453956B2 (en) 2004-08-16 2008-11-18 Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications Ab Apparatus, methods and computer program products for signal acquisition using common demodulation templates
US7358897B2 (en) * 2004-08-16 2008-04-15 Sony Ericsson Mobile Communicatios Ab Apparatus, methods and computer program products for GPS signal acquisition using an adaptive search engine
US8013789B2 (en) * 2004-10-06 2011-09-06 Ohio University Systems and methods for acquisition and tracking of low CNR GPS signals
US7113128B1 (en) * 2004-10-15 2006-09-26 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Culled satellite ephemeris information for quick, accurate assisted locating satellite location determination for cell site antennas
US6985105B1 (en) * 2004-10-15 2006-01-10 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Culled satellite ephemeris information based on limiting a span of an inverted cone for locating satellite in-range determinations
US7629926B2 (en) 2004-10-15 2009-12-08 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Culled satellite ephemeris information for quick, accurate assisted locating satellite location determination for cell site antennas
US7411546B2 (en) 2004-10-15 2008-08-12 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Other cell sites used as reference point to cull satellite ephemeris information for quick, accurate assisted locating satellite location determination
US20060105782A1 (en) * 2004-11-12 2006-05-18 Cameron Brock Method and apparatus for controlling a geo-tracking device
US7764726B2 (en) * 2004-12-01 2010-07-27 Qualomm Incorporated Systems, methods, and apparatus for jammer rejection
US7248152B2 (en) * 2005-01-14 2007-07-24 Xm Satellite Radio, Inc. Automatic on/off switch for vehicle power outlets
US20060161469A1 (en) 2005-01-14 2006-07-20 Weatherbank, Inc. Interactive advisory system
US7508810B2 (en) 2005-01-31 2009-03-24 Airbiquity Inc. Voice channel control of wireless packet data communications
EP1860993B1 (en) 2005-03-01 2019-01-23 Masimo Laboratories, Inc. Noninvasive multi-parameter patient monitor
US7248167B2 (en) * 2005-03-02 2007-07-24 Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications Ab Methods, computer program products, mobile terminals, and web pages for providing directional information associated with RFID enabled moveable objects
US20060208943A1 (en) * 2005-03-21 2006-09-21 Sirf Technology, Inc. Location tagging using post-processing
US7353034B2 (en) 2005-04-04 2008-04-01 X One, Inc. Location sharing and tracking using mobile phones or other wireless devices
KR100857019B1 (ko) * 2005-04-19 2008-09-05 주식회사 엘지화학 기계적 및 전기적 커넥팅 부재
US8139685B2 (en) * 2005-05-10 2012-03-20 Qualcomm Incorporated Systems, methods, and apparatus for frequency control
US7961717B2 (en) * 2005-05-12 2011-06-14 Iposi, Inc. System and methods for IP and VoIP device location determination
US20090029667A1 (en) * 2005-06-22 2009-01-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Communication device
US7180446B2 (en) * 2005-07-12 2007-02-20 Centrality Communications, Inc. Continuous integration based satellite navigational signal acquisition
US8660573B2 (en) * 2005-07-19 2014-02-25 Telecommunications Systems, Inc. Location service requests throttling
US8009605B1 (en) * 2005-08-08 2011-08-30 Rockwell Collins, Inc. Low power, programmable modem for software defined radio applications
US20190362725A1 (en) 2005-08-17 2019-11-28 Tamiras Per Pte. Ltd., Llc Providing access with a portable device and voice commands
WO2007020693A1 (ja) 2005-08-18 2007-02-22 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Gps測位方法及びgps測位装置
US20070049288A1 (en) * 2005-08-24 2007-03-01 Lamprecht Leslie J Creating optimum temporal location trigger for multiple requests
US7257413B2 (en) * 2005-08-24 2007-08-14 Qualcomm Incorporated Dynamic location almanac for wireless base stations
US20070060137A1 (en) * 2005-09-15 2007-03-15 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation Methods, systems, and computer program products for call/message routing based on determined subscriber activity
US20070060174A1 (en) * 2005-09-15 2007-03-15 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation Methods, systems, and computer program products for updating message routing profiles
US7738479B2 (en) * 2005-09-15 2010-06-15 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Methods, systems, and computer program products for multi-channel communications using universal address book server
US9282451B2 (en) 2005-09-26 2016-03-08 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Automatic location identification (ALI) service requests steering, connection sharing and protocol translation
TW200602660A (en) * 2005-09-30 2006-01-16 Yu-Ying Yang Relative-locating-type method for searching people and device thereof
US20070075848A1 (en) * 2005-10-05 2007-04-05 Pitt Lance D Cellular augmented vehicle alarm
US7825780B2 (en) * 2005-10-05 2010-11-02 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Cellular augmented vehicle alarm notification together with location services for position of an alarming vehicle
US7907551B2 (en) * 2005-10-06 2011-03-15 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Voice over internet protocol (VoIP) location based 911 conferencing
US8467320B2 (en) 2005-10-06 2013-06-18 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Voice over internet protocol (VoIP) multi-user conferencing
US8107579B2 (en) * 2005-10-19 2012-01-31 Qualcomm Atheros Technology Ltd. Configurable baseband in a GPS receiver
EP1938630B1 (en) * 2005-10-20 2013-01-09 QUALCOMM Incorporated Method and apparatus for automatical position determination
EP1777540B1 (en) 2005-10-21 2009-08-12 Qualcomm Incorporated Radiolocalization receiver and signal processor
US8107446B2 (en) 2005-11-07 2012-01-31 Radiofy Llc Wireless RFID networking systems and methods
RU2390791C2 (ru) * 2005-11-07 2010-05-27 Квэлкомм Инкорпорейтед Позиционирование для wlan и других беспроводных сетей
WO2007068661A1 (en) * 2005-12-16 2007-06-21 Nemerix Sa Signal processor and signal processing method
EP1960804A1 (en) * 2005-12-16 2008-08-27 Nemerix SA Signal processor and signal processing method
CN1987515B (zh) * 2005-12-22 2010-12-29 凹凸科技(中国)有限公司 实现在微弱信号环境下gps定位的方法和系统
US7768449B2 (en) * 2006-01-10 2010-08-03 Qualcomm Incorporated Global navigation satellite system
US7893869B2 (en) * 2006-01-05 2011-02-22 Qualcomm Incorporated Global navigation satellite system
US8229467B2 (en) * 2006-01-19 2012-07-24 Locator IP, L.P. Interactive advisory system
US20070189270A1 (en) * 2006-02-15 2007-08-16 Borislow Daniel M Network adapter
US8150363B2 (en) 2006-02-16 2012-04-03 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Enhanced E911 network access for call centers
US7295865B2 (en) * 2006-02-24 2007-11-13 Shay-Ping Thomas Wang Mobile device with cell array
US8059789B2 (en) * 2006-02-24 2011-11-15 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Automatic location identification (ALI) emergency services pseudo key (ESPK)
US7251509B1 (en) * 2006-02-24 2007-07-31 Shay-Ping Thomas Wang Mobile device with cell array
US7899450B2 (en) 2006-03-01 2011-03-01 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Cellular augmented radar/laser detection using local mobile network within cellular network
US9167553B2 (en) 2006-03-01 2015-10-20 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. GeoNexus proximity detector network
US7471236B1 (en) 2006-03-01 2008-12-30 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Cellular augmented radar/laser detector
WO2007098787A1 (en) * 2006-03-03 2007-09-07 Agence Spatiale Europeenne Method of processing positioning signals, in particular for indoor applications.
RU2413959C2 (ru) * 2006-03-06 2011-03-10 Квэлкомм Инкорпорейтед Способ определения положения путем сшивания измерений
US7579986B2 (en) * 2006-03-15 2009-08-25 The Boeing Company Method and system for all-in-view coherent GPS signal PRN codes acquisition and navigation solution determination
US7619559B2 (en) * 2006-03-15 2009-11-17 The Boeing Company Method and system for all-in-view coherent GPS signal PRN codes acquisition and navigation solution determination
KR101001087B1 (ko) * 2006-03-15 2010-12-14 콸콤 인코포레이티드 세계 항행 위성 시스템
US7688261B2 (en) * 2006-03-15 2010-03-30 The Boeing Company Global position system (GPS) user receiver and geometric surface processing for all-in-view coherent GPS signal PRN codes acquisition and navigation solution
EP1837994B1 (en) * 2006-03-22 2009-12-02 Qualcomm Incorporated Wideband frequency discriminator and radiolocalization receiver
GB0606466D0 (en) * 2006-03-31 2006-05-10 Qinetiq Ltd Geolocation methods and apparatus
US7924934B2 (en) 2006-04-07 2011-04-12 Airbiquity, Inc. Time diversity voice channel data communications
US9097783B2 (en) 2006-04-28 2015-08-04 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. System and method for positioning using hybrid spectral compression and cross correlation signal processing
US7511662B2 (en) * 2006-04-28 2009-03-31 Loctronix Corporation System and method for positioning in configured environments
US8208605B2 (en) 2006-05-04 2012-06-26 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Extended efficient usage of emergency services keys
US7787059B2 (en) * 2006-05-18 2010-08-31 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Digital television receiver
CN1862284A (zh) * 2006-05-31 2006-11-15 北京东方联星科技有限公司 导航卫星信号处理系统
US8121238B2 (en) 2006-06-30 2012-02-21 Csr Technology Inc. System and method for synchronizing digital bits in a data stream
WO2008005904A2 (en) * 2006-06-30 2008-01-10 Sirf Technology, Inc. Enhanced aiding in gps systems
US7817084B2 (en) 2006-08-23 2010-10-19 Qualcomm Incorporated System and/or method for reducing ambiguities in received SPS signals
US7589671B2 (en) * 2006-08-25 2009-09-15 Trimble Navigation Limited GPS node locator using an intermediate node location for determining location of a remote node
US20080068262A1 (en) * 2006-08-25 2008-03-20 Peter Van Wyck Loomis Remote node providing GPS signal samples for GPS positioning over a communication network
US20080267172A1 (en) * 2006-09-26 2008-10-30 Hines John G Location object proxy broker
US7920093B2 (en) * 2006-09-27 2011-04-05 Purdue Research Foundation Methods for improving computational efficiency in a global positioning satellite receiver
US8684923B2 (en) 2006-10-17 2014-04-01 At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp Methods systems, and computer program products for aggregating medical information
US7889070B2 (en) * 2006-10-17 2011-02-15 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. Methods, systems, devices and computer program products for transmitting medical information from mobile personal medical devices
US20080103368A1 (en) * 2006-10-17 2008-05-01 Ari Craine Methods, devices, and computer program products for detecting syndromes
JP4229169B2 (ja) * 2006-10-26 2009-02-25 セイコーエプソン株式会社 測位装置、電子機器及びプログラム
US20080103787A1 (en) * 2006-10-31 2008-05-01 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation Methods, Mobile Terminals, Servers and Computer Program Products for Wirelessly Providing Real Property Information
US7966013B2 (en) * 2006-11-03 2011-06-21 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Roaming gateway enabling location based services (LBS) roaming for user plane in CDMA networks without requiring use of a mobile positioning center (MPC)
US9226257B2 (en) 2006-11-04 2015-12-29 Qualcomm Incorporated Positioning for WLANs and other wireless networks
US7991408B2 (en) * 2006-12-05 2011-08-02 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Use of local position fix when remote position fix is unavailable
US7498966B2 (en) * 2006-12-14 2009-03-03 Honeywell International Inc. Method and system for receiving distance measurement equipment channels in an undersampled broadband receiver
US8838477B2 (en) 2011-06-09 2014-09-16 Golba Llc Method and system for communicating location of a mobile device for hands-free payment
US8314736B2 (en) * 2008-03-31 2012-11-20 Golba Llc Determining the position of a mobile device using the characteristics of received signals and a reference database
US8344949B2 (en) 2008-03-31 2013-01-01 Golba Llc Wireless positioning approach using time-delay of signals with a known transmission pattern
US8193978B2 (en) 2007-11-14 2012-06-05 Golba Llc Positioning system and method using GPS with wireless access points
US8838481B2 (en) 2011-07-26 2014-09-16 Golba Llc Method and system for location based hands-free payment
US8294554B2 (en) 2006-12-18 2012-10-23 Radiofy Llc RFID location systems and methods
US7375682B1 (en) 2006-12-20 2008-05-20 Air Semiconductor, Ltd. Always-on satellite positioning receiver
US7466209B2 (en) * 2007-01-05 2008-12-16 Sirf Technology, Inc. System and method for providing temperature correction in a crystal oscillator
US20080167018A1 (en) * 2007-01-10 2008-07-10 Arlene Havlark Wireless telecommunications location based services scheme selection
WO2008092008A2 (en) * 2007-01-24 2008-07-31 Ohio University Method and apparatus for using multipath signal in gps architecture
US8050386B2 (en) 2007-02-12 2011-11-01 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Mobile automatic location identification (ALI) for first responders
US8634814B2 (en) 2007-02-23 2014-01-21 Locator IP, L.P. Interactive advisory system for prioritizing content
US7719467B2 (en) * 2007-03-08 2010-05-18 Trimble Navigation Limited Digital camera with GNSS picture location determination
US7551126B2 (en) * 2007-03-08 2009-06-23 Trimble Navigation Limited GNSS sample processor for determining the location of an event
KR100996421B1 (ko) 2007-03-15 2010-11-24 삼성전자주식회사 이동통신시스템의 채널카드에서 동기를 위한 장치 및 방법
ATE487954T1 (de) * 2007-03-21 2010-11-15 Ublox Ag Verfahren zur bearbeitung eines von einem analogen eingangssignal eines gnss-empfängers abgeleiteten digitalen signals, basisbandschaltung eines gnss-empfängers zur durchführung des verfahrens und gnss-empfänger
CA2686971A1 (en) * 2007-04-03 2008-10-16 Ymax Communications Corp. Techniques for populating a contact list
US8497774B2 (en) * 2007-04-05 2013-07-30 Location Based Technologies Inc. Apparatus and method for adjusting refresh rate of location coordinates of a tracking device
US7538726B1 (en) * 2007-04-10 2009-05-26 Air Semiconductor, Ltd. PVT optimization architecture for always-on GPS receivers
US7835863B2 (en) * 2007-04-18 2010-11-16 Mitac International Corporation Method and system for navigation using GPS velocity vector
US7825854B2 (en) * 2007-04-19 2010-11-02 The Boeing Company System and method for compensating for temperature effects on GPS transponders
US7724612B2 (en) * 2007-04-20 2010-05-25 Sirf Technology, Inc. System and method for providing aiding information to a satellite positioning system receiver over short-range wireless connections
US8049665B1 (en) 2007-06-02 2011-11-01 Inchul Kang System and method for selecting a local C/A code for GPS signal processing
US7782252B2 (en) * 2007-06-02 2010-08-24 Inchul Kang System and method for GPS signal acquisition
US8160617B2 (en) 2007-06-22 2012-04-17 Nokia Corporation Apparatus and method for use in location determination
GB0712376D0 (en) * 2007-06-26 2007-08-01 Nxp Bv Processing of satellite navigation system signals
US20090016167A1 (en) * 2007-07-09 2009-01-15 Seiko Epson Corporation Time Adjustment Device, Timekeeping Device with a Time Adjustment Device, and a Time Adjustment Method
US8994587B2 (en) 2010-05-14 2015-03-31 Qualcomm Incorporated Compressed sensing for navigation data
US9322923B2 (en) * 2007-09-04 2016-04-26 Mediatek Inc. Method of switching electronic apparatus between different modes according to connection status of wireless connection and electronic apparatus thereof
WO2009038726A1 (en) 2007-09-17 2009-03-26 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Emergency 911 data messaging
US20100171659A1 (en) * 2008-10-02 2010-07-08 Texas Instruments Incorporated Position engine (pe) feedback to improve gnss receiver performance
JP5440894B2 (ja) * 2007-10-03 2014-03-12 測位衛星技術株式会社 位置情報提供システムおよび屋内送信機
US8331898B2 (en) * 2007-10-03 2012-12-11 Texas Instruments Incorporated Power-saving receiver circuits, systems and processes
US7979095B2 (en) 2007-10-20 2011-07-12 Airbiquity, Inc. Wireless in-band signaling with in-vehicle systems
US7995683B2 (en) * 2007-10-24 2011-08-09 Sirf Technology Inc. Noise floor independent delay-locked loop discriminator
US7642957B2 (en) * 2007-11-27 2010-01-05 Sirf Technology, Inc. GPS system utilizing multiple antennas
US9130963B2 (en) 2011-04-06 2015-09-08 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Ancillary data support in session initiation protocol (SIP) messaging
US7929530B2 (en) * 2007-11-30 2011-04-19 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Ancillary data support in session initiation protocol (SIP) messaging
US8131490B2 (en) * 2007-12-20 2012-03-06 Honeywell International Inc. Methods and systems for determining a received signal frequency
US8044853B2 (en) * 2007-12-20 2011-10-25 Qualcomm Incorporated Navigation receiver
JP5050871B2 (ja) * 2008-01-18 2012-10-17 セイコーエプソン株式会社 測位方法、プログラム及び測位装置
US8144053B2 (en) * 2008-02-04 2012-03-27 Csr Technology Inc. System and method for verifying consistent measurements in performing GPS positioning
US8064560B2 (en) * 2008-02-05 2011-11-22 Honeywell International Inc. Systems and methods for detecting a signal across multiple Nyquist bands
US20090209224A1 (en) * 2008-02-20 2009-08-20 Borislow Daniel M Computer-Related Devices and Techniques for Facilitating an Emergency Call Via a Cellular or Data Network
US8699984B2 (en) 2008-02-25 2014-04-15 Csr Technology Inc. Adaptive noise figure control in a radio receiver
US8188917B2 (en) * 2008-02-25 2012-05-29 CSR Technology Holdings Inc. System and method for operating a GPS device in a micro power mode
US20110205115A1 (en) * 2008-02-25 2011-08-25 Sirf Technology, Inc. Always on GPS Device
US7616064B2 (en) * 2008-02-28 2009-11-10 Noshir Dubash Digital synthesizer for low power location receivers
US8761751B2 (en) 2008-03-14 2014-06-24 William J. Johnson System and method for targeting data processing system(s) with data
US8566839B2 (en) 2008-03-14 2013-10-22 William J. Johnson System and method for automated content presentation objects
US8634796B2 (en) 2008-03-14 2014-01-21 William J. Johnson System and method for location based exchanges of data facilitating distributed location applications
US9078095B2 (en) 2008-03-14 2015-07-07 William J. Johnson System and method for location based inventory management
US8600341B2 (en) 2008-03-14 2013-12-03 William J. Johnson System and method for location based exchanges of data facilitating distributed locational applications
US8639267B2 (en) 2008-03-14 2014-01-28 William J. Johnson System and method for location based exchanges of data facilitating distributed locational applications
ES2565689T3 (es) * 2008-03-20 2016-04-06 Telespazio S.P.A. Mejora de la estimación de posición para un receptor del sistema global de navegación por satélite
EP2105756A1 (en) * 2008-03-25 2009-09-30 Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (PUBL) A positioning device and a method of operating thereof
US9829560B2 (en) 2008-03-31 2017-11-28 Golba Llc Determining the position of a mobile device using the characteristics of received signals and a reference database
US7800541B2 (en) 2008-03-31 2010-09-21 Golba Llc Methods and systems for determining the location of an electronic device
US7602334B1 (en) * 2008-04-03 2009-10-13 Beceem Communications Inc. Method and system of a mobile subscriber estimating position
US8478305B2 (en) * 2008-04-09 2013-07-02 Csr Technology Inc. System and method for integrating location information into an internet phone system
US7956805B2 (en) * 2008-04-11 2011-06-07 Qualcomm Incorporated System and/or method for obtaining a time reference for a received SPS signal
DE102008018871B4 (de) * 2008-04-14 2010-10-07 Atmel Automotive Gmbh Empfängerschaltung, Verfahren zum Empfang eines Signals und Verwendung einer Detektionsschaltung und einer Kontrollschaltung
CN101275997B (zh) * 2008-04-22 2011-05-04 北京航空航天大学 一种基于等长ca码的软件gps接收机跟踪方法
US8094702B2 (en) * 2008-04-28 2012-01-10 Qualcomm Incorporated System and/or method for detecting multi-tone jamming
US8164519B1 (en) 2008-05-20 2012-04-24 U-Blox Ag Fast acquisition engine
CN101308204B (zh) * 2008-05-30 2011-05-04 北京航空航天大学 多系统卫星导航相关器
US8897801B2 (en) 2008-06-13 2014-11-25 Qualcomm Incorporated Transmission of location information by a transmitter as an aid to location services
US8200238B2 (en) 2008-06-17 2012-06-12 Trimble Navigation Limited System having doppler-based control of a mobile device
US8013786B2 (en) * 2008-06-17 2011-09-06 Trimble Navigation Limited Method and communication system for limiting the functionality of an electronic device
US8106821B2 (en) * 2008-06-27 2012-01-31 Qualcomm Incorporated Methods and apparatuses for use with mode-switchable navigation radio
CN101320086B (zh) * 2008-06-27 2011-03-30 北京航空航天大学 一种多普勒测速激光雷达的回波信号处理装置和方法
US8073414B2 (en) * 2008-06-27 2011-12-06 Sirf Technology Inc. Auto-tuning system for an on-chip RF filter
US8072376B2 (en) * 2008-06-27 2011-12-06 Sirf Technology Inc. Method and apparatus for mitigating the effects of cross correlation in a GPS receiver
US8577431B2 (en) 2008-07-03 2013-11-05 Cercacor Laboratories, Inc. Noise shielding for a noninvasive device
US20100030040A1 (en) 2008-08-04 2010-02-04 Masimo Laboratories, Inc. Multi-stream data collection system for noninvasive measurement of blood constituents
US8633853B2 (en) * 2008-07-31 2014-01-21 Honeywell International Inc. Method and apparatus for location detection using GPS and WiFi/WiMAX
US8078768B2 (en) * 2008-08-21 2011-12-13 Qualcomm Incorporated Universal Serial Bus (USB) remote wakeup
US8068587B2 (en) 2008-08-22 2011-11-29 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Nationwide table routing of voice over internet protocol (VOIP) emergency calls
US20100052984A1 (en) * 2008-08-26 2010-03-04 Xiaoguang Yu Systems and methods for controlling a satellite navigation receiver
US7983310B2 (en) 2008-09-15 2011-07-19 Airbiquity Inc. Methods for in-band signaling through enhanced variable-rate codecs
US8594138B2 (en) 2008-09-15 2013-11-26 Airbiquity Inc. Methods for in-band signaling through enhanced variable-rate codecs
KR101015890B1 (ko) 2008-09-24 2011-02-23 한국전자통신연구원 위성항법시스템 수신기의 신호획득 방법 및 장치
US8892128B2 (en) * 2008-10-14 2014-11-18 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Location based geo-reminders
WO2010044837A1 (en) 2008-10-14 2010-04-22 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Location based proximity alert
US8478228B2 (en) * 2008-10-20 2013-07-02 Qualcomm Incorporated Mobile receiver with location services capability
US8234061B2 (en) * 2008-10-21 2012-07-31 O2Micro, Inc Systems and methods for controlling a satellite navigation receiver
WO2010055655A1 (ja) * 2008-11-11 2010-05-20 日本電気株式会社 移動無線通信システム、移動通信装置およびその周波数制御方法
US8125377B2 (en) * 2008-11-17 2012-02-28 Andrew Llc System and method for determining the location of a mobile device
US8040276B2 (en) * 2008-11-24 2011-10-18 National Instruments Corporation Generation of multi-satellite GPS signals in software
US9322924B2 (en) * 2008-12-12 2016-04-26 Broadcom Corporation Method and system for power management for a frequency synthesizer in a GNSS receiver chip
GB0823288D0 (en) * 2008-12-22 2009-01-28 Geotate Bv Event location determination
US8433283B2 (en) * 2009-01-27 2013-04-30 Ymax Communications Corp. Computer-related devices and techniques for facilitating an emergency call via a cellular or data network using remote communication device identifying information
US8195108B2 (en) * 2009-03-25 2012-06-05 Qualcomm Incorporated Altitude-dependent power management
JP5353396B2 (ja) * 2009-04-10 2013-11-27 ソニー株式会社 通信装置、信号処理方法、信号処理装置、および移動体
US8036600B2 (en) * 2009-04-27 2011-10-11 Airbiquity, Inc. Using a bluetooth capable mobile phone to access a remote network
US9301191B2 (en) 2013-09-20 2016-03-29 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Quality of service to over the top applications used with VPN
US20100277365A1 (en) * 2009-05-04 2010-11-04 Pantech Co., Ltd. Mobile terminal to provide location management using multimedia data and method thereof
US8867485B2 (en) * 2009-05-05 2014-10-21 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Multiple location retrieval function (LRF) network having location continuity
US9001811B2 (en) 2009-05-19 2015-04-07 Adc Telecommunications, Inc. Method of inserting CDMA beacon pilots in output of distributed remote antenna nodes
US8390512B2 (en) 2009-06-05 2013-03-05 Qualcomm Incorporated On demand positioning
US9074897B2 (en) * 2009-06-15 2015-07-07 Qualcomm Incorporated Real-time data with post-processing
US20110009086A1 (en) * 2009-07-10 2011-01-13 Todd Poremba Text to 9-1-1 emergency communication
US8600297B2 (en) * 2009-07-28 2013-12-03 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and system for femto cell self-timing and self-locating
DE102009028073A1 (de) * 2009-07-29 2011-02-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Zeitversetzte Positionsbestimmung
US8418039B2 (en) 2009-08-03 2013-04-09 Airbiquity Inc. Efficient error correction scheme for data transmission in a wireless in-band signaling system
US20110039578A1 (en) 2009-08-14 2011-02-17 Qualcomm Incorporated Assistance data for positioning in multiple radio access technologies
US20110064046A1 (en) * 2009-09-11 2011-03-17 Yinjun Zhu User plane emergency location continuity for voice over internet protocol (VoIP)/IMS emergency services
US9155125B1 (en) 2009-09-16 2015-10-06 Sprint Communications Company L.P. Location validation system and methods
US20110077857A1 (en) * 2009-09-28 2011-03-31 Clarion Co., Ltd. Route selection method for a vehicular navigation system
US8384592B1 (en) * 2009-09-30 2013-02-26 Qualcomm Incorporated FFT based acquisition techniques for satellite based navigation systems
US8400352B2 (en) * 2009-11-03 2013-03-19 Novatel Inc. Centimeter positioning using low cost single frequency GNSS receivers
US8249865B2 (en) 2009-11-23 2012-08-21 Airbiquity Inc. Adaptive data transmission for a digital in-band modem operating over a voice channel
US8319687B2 (en) 2009-12-09 2012-11-27 Trimble Navigation Limited System for determining position in a work space
US20110140956A1 (en) * 2009-12-15 2011-06-16 Paul Henry Systems and Methods for Determining Geographic Location of a Mobile Device
US20110149953A1 (en) * 2009-12-23 2011-06-23 William Helgeson Tracking results of a v2 query in voice over internet (VoIP) emergency call systems
RU2542328C2 (ru) * 2010-02-23 2015-02-20 Телефонактиеболагет Лм Эрикссон (Пабл) Управление мощностью при помощи использования сигналов gnss
US8874710B2 (en) * 2010-04-27 2014-10-28 Nokia Corporation Access network discovery
US8730101B2 (en) 2010-05-13 2014-05-20 Qualcomm Incorporated High sensitivity satellite positioning system receiver
US9568609B2 (en) 2010-05-13 2017-02-14 Qualcomm Incorporated High sensitivity satellite positioning system receiver
US9063222B2 (en) 2010-05-28 2015-06-23 Qualcomm Incorporated Almanac maintenance for mobile station positioning
US8532670B2 (en) 2010-06-02 2013-09-10 Deutsche Telekom Ag Apparatus, method, and system for sensing suppression for location-based applications
US8704707B2 (en) 2010-06-02 2014-04-22 Qualcomm Incorporated Position determination using measurements from past and present epochs
US8336664B2 (en) 2010-07-09 2012-12-25 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Telematics basic mobile device safety interlock
US8315599B2 (en) 2010-07-09 2012-11-20 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Location privacy selector
RU2584957C2 (ru) * 2010-07-12 2016-05-20 Телеспацио С.П.А Система для определения местонахождения поездов с проверкой в режиме реального времени достоверности оценки положения
KR20120012942A (ko) * 2010-08-03 2012-02-13 한국전자통신연구원 중계태그, 위치계산 리더기, gps 신호 및 무선통신을 이용한 실내외 연속 실시간 위치추적 방법 및 시스템
US8732697B2 (en) 2010-08-04 2014-05-20 Premkumar Jonnala System, method and apparatus for managing applications on a device
US8742985B1 (en) 2010-08-10 2014-06-03 Marvell International Ltd. Ultra low power global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receiver operation
JP2012042279A (ja) * 2010-08-17 2012-03-01 Sony Corp 受信装置、受信方法およびコンピュータプログラム
US9538493B2 (en) 2010-08-23 2017-01-03 Finetrak, Llc Locating a mobile station and applications therefor
US8988282B2 (en) * 2010-08-26 2015-03-24 Intel Mobile Communications GmbH Satellite-based position determination
US8700202B2 (en) 2010-11-30 2014-04-15 Trimble Navigation Limited System for positioning a tool in a work space
US9684080B2 (en) * 2010-12-09 2017-06-20 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Low-energy GPS
US8942743B2 (en) 2010-12-17 2015-01-27 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. iALERT enhanced alert manager
US8688087B2 (en) 2010-12-17 2014-04-01 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. N-dimensional affinity confluencer
US20120183023A1 (en) * 2011-01-14 2012-07-19 Qualcomm Incorporated Implementations for wireless signal processing
JP5244200B2 (ja) * 2011-01-19 2013-07-24 レノボ・シンガポール・プライベート・リミテッド 利便性に優れたセキュリティ機能を備える携帯端末装置およびアクセスの制御方法
WO2012141762A1 (en) 2011-02-25 2012-10-18 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Mobile internet protocol (ip) location
KR101203272B1 (ko) * 2011-02-25 2012-11-20 서울대학교산학협력단 의사위성 항법 시스템
CN103430513B (zh) 2011-04-20 2018-02-02 索尼移动通信株式会社 加标签物体的登记和与加标签物体有关的匿名通信的方法、系统
US8630660B2 (en) 2011-05-18 2014-01-14 At&T Mobility Ii Llc Mobile device supported medical information services
EP2530487B1 (en) * 2011-06-01 2014-10-01 u-blox A.G. Satellite positioning with assisted calculation
EP2530488B1 (en) 2011-06-01 2016-04-13 u-blox AG Hybrid satellite positioning with prediction
EP2565674B1 (en) * 2011-09-01 2019-04-17 Airbus Defence and Space GmbH Wireless local messaging system and method of determining a position of a navigation receiver within a wireless local messaging system
US8649806B2 (en) 2011-09-02 2014-02-11 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Aggregate location dynometer (ALD)
US9479344B2 (en) 2011-09-16 2016-10-25 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Anonymous voice conversation
US8848825B2 (en) 2011-09-22 2014-09-30 Airbiquity Inc. Echo cancellation in wireless inband signaling modem
WO2013048551A1 (en) 2011-09-30 2013-04-04 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Unique global identifier for minimizing prank 911 calls
US9048927B2 (en) * 2011-10-04 2015-06-02 Glynntech, Inc. Solar powered mobile phone
US9313637B2 (en) 2011-12-05 2016-04-12 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Wireless emergency caller profile data delivery over a legacy interface
US9264537B2 (en) 2011-12-05 2016-02-16 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Special emergency call treatment based on the caller
JP5504247B2 (ja) * 2011-12-07 2014-05-28 株式会社ソニー・コンピュータエンタテインメント 電子機器およびタイマ時刻設定方法
US8984591B2 (en) 2011-12-16 2015-03-17 Telecommunications Systems, Inc. Authentication via motion of wireless device movement
GB2491218B (en) * 2011-12-22 2013-06-26 Renesas Mobile Corp Timing-based positioning
US9384339B2 (en) 2012-01-13 2016-07-05 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Authenticating cloud computing enabling secure services
US10535254B2 (en) 2012-02-13 2020-01-14 Sony Corporation Electronic devices, methods, and computer program products for detecting a tag having a sensor associated therewith and receiving sensor information therefrom
CN104471440B (zh) * 2012-02-23 2016-08-24 康奈尔大学 低功率异步gps基带处理器
WO2013133870A2 (en) 2012-03-07 2013-09-12 Snap Trends, Inc. Methods and systems of aggregating information of social networks based on geographical locations via a network
US8688174B2 (en) 2012-03-13 2014-04-01 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Integrated, detachable ear bud device for a wireless phone
US9307372B2 (en) 2012-03-26 2016-04-05 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. No responders online
US9544260B2 (en) 2012-03-26 2017-01-10 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Rapid assignment dynamic ownership queue
US9338153B2 (en) 2012-04-11 2016-05-10 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Secure distribution of non-privileged authentication credentials
US8909267B2 (en) * 2012-04-19 2014-12-09 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Energy-efficient detection of network connection requests
US8996598B2 (en) * 2012-06-15 2015-03-31 The Boeing Company Latency compensation
US9313638B2 (en) 2012-08-15 2016-04-12 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Device independent caller data access for emergency calls
US9208346B2 (en) 2012-09-05 2015-12-08 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Persona-notitia intellection codifier
US9170336B2 (en) * 2012-10-04 2015-10-27 Aviacomm Inc. All band GNSS receiver
US9456301B2 (en) 2012-12-11 2016-09-27 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Efficient prisoner tracking
US9488736B2 (en) * 2012-12-28 2016-11-08 Trimble Navigation Limited Locally measured movement smoothing of GNSS position fixes
US20140267443A1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-18 Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. Electromechanical systems device with segmented electrodes
US9074892B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2015-07-07 Ian Michael Fink System and method of determining a position of a remote object
US8983047B2 (en) 2013-03-20 2015-03-17 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Index of suspicion determination for communications request
US9476988B2 (en) 2013-05-09 2016-10-25 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method, apparatus and system for reducing power consumption in GNSS receivers
US9477991B2 (en) 2013-08-27 2016-10-25 Snap Trends, Inc. Methods and systems of aggregating information of geographic context regions of social networks based on geographical locations via a network
US9408034B2 (en) 2013-09-09 2016-08-02 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Extended area event for network based proximity discovery
US9516104B2 (en) 2013-09-11 2016-12-06 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Intelligent load balancer enhanced routing
US9894489B2 (en) 2013-09-30 2018-02-13 William J. Johnson System and method for situational proximity observation alerting privileged recipients
US9479897B2 (en) 2013-10-03 2016-10-25 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. SUPL-WiFi access point controller location based services for WiFi enabled mobile devices
KR101432740B1 (ko) * 2013-10-22 2014-08-21 엘아이지넥스원 주식회사 항법위성 송신기 및 수신기
GB201400729D0 (en) 2014-01-16 2014-03-05 Qinetiq Ltd A processor for a radio receiver
JP6430125B2 (ja) * 2014-02-14 2018-11-28 三菱重工機械システム株式会社 位置検出システムおよび位置検出システムの位置検出方法
EP3108627A4 (en) 2014-02-18 2017-10-11 CommScope Technologies LLC Selectively combining uplink signals in distributed antenna systems
CN103869342B (zh) * 2014-04-01 2016-08-10 北京航空航天大学 基于bap的gnss-r延迟映射软件接收机
US9681320B2 (en) 2014-04-22 2017-06-13 Pc-Tel, Inc. System, apparatus, and method for the measurement, collection, and analysis of radio signals utilizing unmanned aerial vehicles
US10368327B2 (en) * 2014-05-14 2019-07-30 Satixfy Israel Ltd. Method and system for signal communications
WO2015173793A1 (en) 2014-05-14 2015-11-19 Satixfy Ltd. A method of exchanging communications between a satellite and terminals associated therewith
EP3146639B1 (en) 2014-05-20 2019-04-17 Satixfy Israel Ltd. A method for reducing interference in a satellite communications network
US10033509B2 (en) 2014-05-20 2018-07-24 Satixfy Israel Ltd. Method and system for satellite communication
US8960019B1 (en) 2014-06-11 2015-02-24 Gilbarco Inc. Fuel dispenser time synchronization and geotracking
US9872166B2 (en) * 2014-12-15 2018-01-16 Marvell International Ltd. Apparatus and method for providing positioning data based on authentication result
ES2879277T3 (es) 2015-03-06 2021-11-22 Gatekeeper Systems Inc Ubicación de bajo consumo de energía de objetos móviles
US10775749B2 (en) 2015-04-17 2020-09-15 The Mitre Corporation Robust and resilient timing architecture for critical infrastructure
US20160349379A1 (en) * 2015-05-28 2016-12-01 Alberto Daniel Lacaze Inertial navigation unit enhaced with atomic clock
US10036812B2 (en) 2015-06-24 2018-07-31 Blackmore Sensors and Analytics Inc. Method and system for three dimensional digital holographic aperture synthesis
US10001541B2 (en) 2015-09-04 2018-06-19 Gatekeeper Systems, Inc. Magnetometer and accelerometer calibration for cart navigation system
WO2017041045A1 (en) 2015-09-04 2017-03-09 Gatekeeper Systems, Inc. Estimating motion of wheeled carts
EP3144927B1 (en) * 2015-09-15 2020-11-18 Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH Wireless noise and vibration sensing
US10499269B2 (en) 2015-11-12 2019-12-03 Commscope Technologies Llc Systems and methods for assigning controlled nodes to channel interfaces of a controller
US10732294B1 (en) 2016-01-21 2020-08-04 Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation On-orbit reprogrammable digital signal generator system for generation of hopping multi-band global positioning system signals
US10775510B2 (en) 2016-06-06 2020-09-15 Brian G. Agee Blind despreading of civil GNSS signals for resilient PNT applications
US11125888B2 (en) 2016-06-06 2021-09-21 Brian G. Agee Multi-subband methods for reduced complexity, wideband blind resilient detection and geo-observable estimation of global navigation satellite signals
US11112507B2 (en) * 2016-10-27 2021-09-07 United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of Nasa Location correction through differential networks system
KR102272801B1 (ko) 2016-11-29 2021-07-02 블랙모어 센서스 앤드 애널리틱스, 엘엘씨 포인트 클라우드 데이터 세트에서 객체의 분류를 위한 방법 및 시스템
US11249192B2 (en) 2016-11-30 2022-02-15 Blackmore Sensors & Analytics, Llc Method and system for automatic real-time adaptive scanning with optical ranging systems
JP6811862B2 (ja) 2016-11-30 2021-01-13 ブラックモア センサーズ アンド アナリティクス エルエルシー 光学測距システムによる適応走査の方法およびシステム
JP2019537012A (ja) 2016-11-30 2019-12-19 ブラックモア センサーズ アンド アナリティクス インク. ドップラー検出および光チャープ距離検出のドップラー補正のための方法およびシステム
US10422880B2 (en) 2017-02-03 2019-09-24 Blackmore Sensors and Analytics Inc. Method and system for doppler detection and doppler correction of optical phase-encoded range detection
CN110612559B (zh) 2017-03-08 2021-10-15 看门人系统公司 用于轮式车的导航系统
US10545244B2 (en) 2017-06-15 2020-01-28 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Cloud-offloaded position calculation with on-device acquisition
US10401495B2 (en) 2017-07-10 2019-09-03 Blackmore Sensors and Analytics Inc. Method and system for time separated quadrature detection of doppler effects in optical range measurements
US10534084B2 (en) 2017-07-27 2020-01-14 Blackmore Sensors & Analytics, Llc Method and system for using square wave digital chirp signal for optical chirped range detection
EP3518003B1 (en) * 2018-01-25 2021-03-24 Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales Self-assisted fast acquisition and first fix for a standalone gnss receiver
US11119223B2 (en) * 2018-02-02 2021-09-14 United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of Nasa Device and method for improving geographic position accuracy of a global positioning system-based mobile device
WO2019209727A1 (en) 2018-04-23 2019-10-31 Blackmore Sensors and Analytics Inc. Method and system for controlling autonomous vehicle using coherent range doppler optical sensors
CN110716214A (zh) * 2018-10-31 2020-01-21 北京北斗星通导航技术股份有限公司 一种信号处理方法及装置
US11822010B2 (en) 2019-01-04 2023-11-21 Blackmore Sensors & Analytics, Llc LIDAR system
CN109859515B (zh) * 2019-01-28 2020-05-12 武汉元光科技有限公司 公交系统中gps定位数据补偿方法及电子设备
JP2020169858A (ja) * 2019-04-02 2020-10-15 富士通株式会社 位置検知システム、位置検知装置および位置検知方法
US20210011108A1 (en) * 2019-07-10 2021-01-14 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama Method and system for direction finding and channel sounding using pseudo-doppler antenna array
US11686855B2 (en) 2019-10-15 2023-06-27 Onenav, Inc. Modernized global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers and commercially viable consumer grade GNSS receivers

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4445118A (en) * 1981-05-22 1984-04-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Navigation system and method
US4998111A (en) * 1989-11-27 1991-03-05 Motorola, Inc. CPS transform correlation receiver and method
CN1094557A (zh) * 1992-12-02 1994-11-02 沃克森国际有限公司 定位系统的改进
US5430654A (en) * 1992-12-01 1995-07-04 Caterpillar Inc. Method and apparatus for improving the accuracy of position estimates in a satellite based navigation system

Family Cites Families (57)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4457006A (en) * 1981-11-16 1984-06-26 Sperry Corporation Global positioning system receiver
EP0083480B1 (en) * 1981-12-31 1988-08-17 The Secretary of State for Defence in Her Britannic Majesty's Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Receivers for navigation satellite systems
US4797677A (en) * 1982-10-29 1989-01-10 Istac, Incorporated Method and apparatus for deriving pseudo range from earth-orbiting satellites
US4701934A (en) * 1985-09-03 1987-10-20 Motorola, Inc. Method of doppler searching in a digital GPS receiver
US4785463A (en) * 1985-09-03 1988-11-15 Motorola, Inc. Digital global positioning system receiver
US4910752A (en) * 1987-06-15 1990-03-20 Motorola, Inc. Low power digital receiver
US4959656A (en) * 1989-10-31 1990-09-25 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Efficient detection and signal parameter estimation with application to high dynamic GPS receiver
GB2241623A (en) * 1990-02-28 1991-09-04 Philips Electronic Associated Vehicle location system
JPH03269385A (ja) * 1990-03-20 1991-11-29 Pioneer Electron Corp Gps受信機
US5103459B1 (en) * 1990-06-25 1999-07-06 Qualcomm Inc System and method for generating signal waveforms in a cdma cellular telephone system
US5043736B1 (en) * 1990-07-27 1994-09-06 Cae Link Corp Cellular position location system
DE69220705T2 (de) * 1991-04-12 1998-01-22 Sharp Kk Positionsbestimmungssystem und GPS-Empfänger
US5225842A (en) * 1991-05-09 1993-07-06 Navsys Corporation Vehicle tracking system employing global positioning system (gps) satellites
US5202829A (en) * 1991-06-10 1993-04-13 Trimble Navigation Limited Exploration system and method for high-accuracy and high-confidence level relative position and velocity determinations
GB9115350D0 (en) * 1991-07-16 1991-08-28 Navstar Ltd A radio receiver
US5271034A (en) * 1991-08-26 1993-12-14 Avion Systems, Inc. System and method for receiving and decoding global positioning satellite signals
US5153598A (en) * 1991-09-26 1992-10-06 Alves Jr Daniel F Global Positioning System telecommand link
US5379224A (en) * 1991-11-29 1995-01-03 Navsys Corporation GPS tracking system
US5280744A (en) * 1992-01-27 1994-01-25 Alliedsignal Inc. Method for aiming towed field artillery pieces
US5448773A (en) * 1992-02-05 1995-09-05 Trimble Navigation Limited Long life portable global position system receiver
US5323322A (en) * 1992-03-05 1994-06-21 Trimble Navigation Limited Networked differential GPS system
US5245634A (en) * 1992-03-23 1993-09-14 Motorola, Inc. Base-site synchronization in a communication system
US5223844B1 (en) * 1992-04-17 2000-01-25 Auto Trac Inc Vehicle tracking and security system
US5430759A (en) * 1992-08-20 1995-07-04 Nexus 1994 Limited Low-power frequency-hopped spread spectrum reverse paging system
IL104264A (en) * 1992-08-20 1996-07-23 Nexus Telecomm Syst Remote location determination system
US5311194A (en) * 1992-09-15 1994-05-10 Navsys Corporation GPS precision approach and landing system for aircraft
US5418537A (en) * 1992-11-18 1995-05-23 Trimble Navigation, Ltd. Location of missing vehicles
CA2106534A1 (en) * 1992-12-07 1994-06-08 Kristine Patricia Maine Intelligent position tracking
US5365450A (en) * 1992-12-17 1994-11-15 Stanford Telecommunications, Inc. Hybrid GPS/data line unit for rapid, precise, and robust position determination
FR2699713B1 (fr) * 1992-12-17 1995-03-24 Hubert Thomas Procédé et dispositif de contrôle à distance d'un engin sous marin inhabité.
US5523761A (en) * 1993-01-12 1996-06-04 Trimble Navigation Limited Differential GPS smart antenna device
US5323163A (en) * 1993-01-26 1994-06-21 Maki Stanley C All DOP GPS optimization
US5317323A (en) * 1993-03-05 1994-05-31 E-Systems, Inc. Passive high accuracy geolocation system and method
US5379320A (en) * 1993-03-11 1995-01-03 Southern California Edison Company Hitless ultra small aperture terminal satellite communication network
US5334987A (en) * 1993-04-01 1994-08-02 Spectra-Physics Laserplane, Inc. Agricultural aircraft control system using the global positioning system
US5420592A (en) * 1993-04-05 1995-05-30 Radix Technologies, Inc. Separated GPS sensor and processing system for remote GPS sensing and centralized ground station processing for remote mobile position and velocity determinations
US5420593A (en) * 1993-04-09 1995-05-30 Trimble Navigation Limited Method and apparatus for accelerating code correlation searches in initial acquisition and doppler and code phase in re-acquisition of GPS satellite signals
US5418538A (en) * 1993-05-21 1995-05-23 Trimble Navigation Limited Rapid satellite signal acquisition in a satellite positioning system
WO1994028379A1 (en) * 1993-05-28 1994-12-08 Trimble Navigation Limited Combined pc/104 and satellite positioning system
US5389934A (en) * 1993-06-21 1995-02-14 The Business Edge Group, Inc. Portable locating system
US5554993A (en) * 1994-01-04 1996-09-10 Panasonic Technologies, Inc. Global position determining system and method
US5483549A (en) * 1994-03-04 1996-01-09 Stanford Telecommunications, Inc. Receiver having for charge-coupled-device based receiver signal processing
US5594454A (en) * 1994-04-13 1997-01-14 The Johns Hopkins University Global positioning system (GPS) linked satellite and missile communication systems
US5512902A (en) * 1994-04-18 1996-04-30 Northrop Grumman Corporation Stock locator system using GPS translator
US5491486A (en) * 1994-04-25 1996-02-13 General Electric Company Mobile tracking units employing motion sensors for reducing power consumption therein
DE4424412A1 (de) * 1994-07-12 1996-01-18 Esg Elektroniksystem Und Logis Funktelekommunikationssystem mit Satelliten-Navigation
US5592173A (en) * 1994-07-18 1997-01-07 Trimble Navigation, Ltd GPS receiver having a low power standby mode
US5626630A (en) * 1994-10-13 1997-05-06 Ael Industries, Inc. Medical telemetry system using an implanted passive transponder
US5650770A (en) * 1994-10-27 1997-07-22 Schlager; Dan Self-locating remote monitoring systems
US5594453A (en) * 1994-11-01 1997-01-14 Trimble Navigation, Ltd GPS receiver having a rapid acquisition of GPS satellite signals
US5650785A (en) * 1994-11-01 1997-07-22 Trimble Navigation Limited Low power GPS receiver
US5913170A (en) * 1994-11-16 1999-06-15 Highwaymaster Communications, Inc. Locating system and method using a mobile communications network
US5574469A (en) * 1994-12-21 1996-11-12 Burlington Northern Railroad Company Locomotive collision avoidance method and system
US5600329A (en) * 1995-06-30 1997-02-04 Honeywell Inc. Differential satellite positioning system ground station with integrity monitoring
WO1997014049A2 (en) * 1995-10-09 1997-04-17 Snaptrack, Inc. Gps receiver and method for processing gps signals
GB9524754D0 (en) * 1995-12-04 1996-04-24 Symmetricom Inc Mobile position determination
EP0895599B1 (en) * 1996-04-25 2002-08-07 Sirf Technology, Inc. Spread spectrum receiver with multi-bit correlator

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4445118A (en) * 1981-05-22 1984-04-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Navigation system and method
US4998111A (en) * 1989-11-27 1991-03-05 Motorola, Inc. CPS transform correlation receiver and method
US5430654A (en) * 1992-12-01 1995-07-04 Caterpillar Inc. Method and apparatus for improving the accuracy of position estimates in a satellite based navigation system
CN1094557A (zh) * 1992-12-02 1994-11-02 沃克森国际有限公司 定位系统的改进

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
D.J.R. VAN NEE, A.J.R.M. COENEN.New fast GPS code-acquisition technique using FFT.electronics letters27 2.1991,158-160.
D.J.R. VAN NEE, A.J.R.M. COENEN.New fast GPS code-acquisition technique using FFT.electronics letters27 2.1991,158-160. *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5781156A (en) 1998-07-14
ES2363273T3 (es) 2011-07-28
ES2365242T3 (es) 2011-09-27
ES2352994T3 (es) 2011-02-24
RU2236692C2 (ru) 2004-09-20
HK1045563B (zh) 2011-05-13
US5874914A (en) 1999-02-23
US5663734A (en) 1997-09-02
KR19990064130A (ko) 1999-07-26
CN101093254A (zh) 2007-12-26
CN1928584A (zh) 2007-03-14
KR100457329B1 (ko) 2005-01-15
CN1928584B (zh) 2011-10-19
CN101093254B (zh) 2014-10-22
HK1100972A1 (en) 2007-10-05
US6133871A (en) 2000-10-17
CN1936616A (zh) 2007-03-28
ES2357300T3 (es) 2011-04-25
ES2351596T3 (es) 2011-02-08
HK1045563A1 (en) 2002-11-29
BRPI9613030B1 (pt) 2017-03-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1936616B (zh) 处理gps信号的gps接收机及方法
CN1113250C (zh) 处理gps信号的gps接收机及方法
EP0885492B1 (en) An improved gps receiver utilizing a communication link
US6208290B1 (en) GPS receiver utilizing a communication link
WO1997014049A9 (en) Gps receiver and method for processing gps signals
KR20070085442A (ko) 기준 발진기 주파수 정정 시스템
EP1798564B1 (en) An improved GPS receiver utilizing satellite position information for compensating Doppler
JP5455542B2 (ja) Gps受信機とgps信号を処理する方法
JP2010139507A (ja) 通信リンクを利用した改良型gps受信器
AU767262B2 (en) GPS receiver and method for processing GPS signals

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
CX01 Expiry of patent term

Granted publication date: 20100526

EXPY Termination of patent right or utility model