CN1763604A - 发光二极管背光 - Google Patents

发光二极管背光 Download PDF

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CN1763604A
CN1763604A CNA200510105866XA CN200510105866A CN1763604A CN 1763604 A CN1763604 A CN 1763604A CN A200510105866X A CNA200510105866X A CN A200510105866XA CN 200510105866 A CN200510105866 A CN 200510105866A CN 1763604 A CN1763604 A CN 1763604A
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light emitting
substrate
emitting diode
led
backlight
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伍启元
宽叶崇
陈同法
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Agilent Technologies Inc
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Agilent Technologies Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F13/00—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising
    • G09F13/04—Signs, boards or panels, illuminated from behind the insignia
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2105/00—Planar light sources
    • F21Y2105/10—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2105/00—Planar light sources
    • F21Y2105/10—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements
    • F21Y2105/12—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements characterised by the geometrical disposition of the light-generating elements, e.g. arranging light-generating elements in differing patterns or densities
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2107/00—Light sources with three-dimensionally disposed light-generating elements
    • F21Y2107/50—Light sources with three-dimensionally disposed light-generating elements on planar substrates or supports, but arranged in different planes or with differing orientation, e.g. on plate-shaped supports with steps on which light-generating elements are mounted
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133613—Direct backlight characterized by the sequence of light sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/18—Printed circuits structurally associated with non-printed electric components
    • H05K1/189—Printed circuits structurally associated with non-printed electric components characterised by the use of a flexible or folded printed circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/0058—Laminating printed circuit boards onto other substrates, e.g. metallic substrates

Abstract

本发明公开了一种发光二极管(LED)背光。背光的衬底位于透射式显示器后方。多个低功率LED安装在衬底上。LED位于显示器后方，并且每个LED额定工作在≤200毫安下(更优选地在≤100毫安下)。

Description

发光二极管背光
技术领域
本发明一般地涉及发光二极管背光。
背景技术
如今的许多显示技术都是透射式的。透射式显示器是这样的一种显示器，其产生或提供所要显示的一个或多个图像，但需要背光来照亮该(多个)图像。常见类型的透射式显示器包括液晶显示器(LCD)、广告板、通道显示器和图标显示器。传统地，透射式显示器已使用白炽灯或冷阴极荧光灯(CCFL)来背光照亮。通常，通过将CCFL与平面光导的边缘相邻布置来背光照亮LCD。然后，由CCFL发出的光在从LCD后方折射出去之前被光导引导并反射。
随着近来对高功率和高亮度发光二极管(LED)的开发，LED越来越多地用来代替白炽灯和CCFL。假设LED是半导体光源，则其非常可靠，并且与一般仅持续几千小时的CCFL相比具有几万小时的寿命。
发明内容
在一个实施例中，装置包括透射式显示器和背光。背光包括位于所述显示器后方的衬底和安装在所述衬底上的多个低功率发光二极管(LED)。LED位于所述显示器后方，并且每个LED额定工作在≤200毫安下(更优选地在≤100毫安下)。
还公开了其他实施例。
附图说明
附图中图示了本发明的示例性的当前优选实施例，附图中：
图1图示了使用低功率LED背光照亮透射式显示器的示例性方法；
图2图示了图1所示背光的横截面；
图3图示了安装在具有成角度表面过渡的柔性衬底上的低功率LED；
图4图示了安装在具有弯曲表面过渡的柔性衬底上的低功率LED；
图5图示了以螺旋图案安装到衬底的LED；
图6图示了以圆形图案安装到衬底的LED；
图7图示了以径向辐射图案安装到衬底的LED；
图8图示了以蛇行图案安装到衬底的LED；
图9图示了以三角形分组安装到衬底的LED；
图10图示了以正方形分组安装到衬底的LED；
图11图示了安装在多个反射器沟槽中的LED；和
图12图示了图11背光的俯视图。
具体实施方式
如这里所定义的，高功率LED是额定工作在＞200毫安(mA)下的LED。作为示例，典型的绿色氮化铟镓(InGaN)LED可以工作在350mA下。虽然本身为半导体的高功率LED提供了诸如长寿命和抗冲击之类的许多优点，但是其也引起了一些问题。例如，高功率LED基本上是点发光器，而非表面发光器。当用来背光照亮显示器时，因此需要具有散射器的光导来将其光均匀地散射在整个显示器上。高功率LED还有些大，使得其内在地不那么高效。另外，高功率LED的大尺寸导致对大的封装(例如透明或半透明的密封件或外壳)的需要，由此使得高功率LED在某些位置难以安装。例如，在笔记本计算机显示器中，包括高功率LED的背光由于深度的限制而一般必须安装在显示器的侧面上。此外，高功率LED可以产生很多的热，因此需要为其使用设计热高效的环境(例如散热器)。这样的设计可能是复杂、有影响和昂贵的。
图1和2图示了背光照亮透射式显示器102的一种新途径100。如这些图中所示，背光104包括位于显示器102后方的衬底106。多个低功率发光二极管(LED)108-142安装在衬底106上并位于显示器102后方。如这里所定义的，“低功率”LED是额定工作在≤200mA下(优选地在≤100mA下)的LED。作为示例，控制系统(未示出)可以交替地向LED108-142供应直流(DC)或脉宽调制(PWM)驱动信号。
为了实现与侧燃式(side-firing)背光相同水平的光输出，图1和2所示的背光104可以包括更大量的LED 108-142。注意，背光104一般可以产生与包括高功率LED的侧燃式背光相同量的光，然而使用较小的功率来实现。例如，前述高功率绿色InGaN LED在350mA的工作电流和1瓦(W)的功耗下能够产生25流明的光。作为对比，低功率绿色InGaNLED仅能够产生2.5流明的光，但是是在20mA的工作电流和0.07W的功耗下。但是，如果将十个这样的低功率LED安装在衬底上，则其组合的光输出将是25流明，这与高功率LED的光输出相同。然而，十个低功率LED的组合功耗仅为0.7W(即10×0.07W)。因此利用较小的功耗实现了相同的光输出；并且，如果低功率LED 108-142分布在衬底106上，则其光输出将比位于显示器侧面的单个高功率LED的光输出明显更加散开。此外，与高功率LED的可能的1.0mm×1.0mm的形状因子相比，低功率LED 108-142中的每一个可以具有0.25mm×0.25mm的形状因子。
低功率LED的低功耗使得其能够安装在更常用(并且更便宜)形式的衬底上，例如印刷电路板、引线框架或柔性衬底。柔性衬底由于几个原因而尤其有用。首先，其包括非常少的吸热材料。结果，不必设置散热器来耗散由安装在衬底上的LED所产生的热。如果需要散热器，则散热器可以采用安装到衬底的铜箔的形式。由此散热器对背光几乎不增加体积或重量。
柔性衬底300的有利之处还在于其可以形成为具有三维轮廓。参见图3和4。如果LED 108-142安装到衬底300以使得其位于三维轮廓的不同表面上，则三维轮廓可以使得LED 108-142相对于彼此在两个或更多不同方向上定向。结果，其发出的光在背光照亮显示器102之前可以在更大程度上混和。作为示例，衬底300的轮廓可以包括成角度或弯曲的表面过渡。分别参见图3和4。
LED 108-142可以具有类似或不同的颜色。为了向提供具有宽的色域(color gamut)的白光，LED 108-142可以包括红色、绿色和蓝色LED。在某些情况下，可以以不相等的数量提供红色、绿色和蓝色LED，例如3∶6∶1。
为了确保由不同颜色的LED所发出的光的充分混和，和/或为了确保其光的良好散播，一些或所有LED 108-142可以以各种图案安装到衬底106，包括螺旋500、圆形600、径向辐射700或蛇行800图案。这些图案500、600、700、800分别在图5-8中被图示。
一些或所有LED 108-142还可以以各种分组安装到衬底，例如三角形(900，图9)或正方形(1000，图10)分组。在三角形分组900的情况下，每个分组可以包括一个红色、一个绿色和一个蓝色LED。在正方形分组1000的情况下，四个不同颜色的LED可以设置在每组中(例如红色、绿色、蓝色和近紫外)，或者一种颜色的LED可以有更大的比重(例如一个红色、两个绿色和一个蓝色)。
还可以通过将一个或多个三维反射器1100、1102、1104、1106安装到衬底106，然后将LED 108中的至少一些安装在反射器1100-1106内，来实现光混和及散播。在某些情况下，LED 108可以安装在安装于反射器1100-1106内的支座1108、1110、1112、1114上。同样，反射器1100-1106可以采取各种形状和形式。在图11和12中，示出了多个反射器沟槽，其中多个不同颜色的LED 108安装在每个沟槽1100-1106中。
还可以通过位于显示器102和背光104之间的可选的光导，来实现光混和及散播。可选的平面光导120在图1中示出。或者，可以用多个光导来代替单个光导120。而且，光散射器122可以布置在LED 108-142之上，以使得由LED 108-142发出的光更均匀地散播，而不在背光104中产生任何热点。这样的光散射器122可以包括多个倒置角锥，这些角锥被布置成使得每个角锥的尖端与相应LED 108的光轴对齐。或者，光散射器122可以具有其他形状的光学表面，或者可以用多个光散射器代替。在装置100的一个实施例中，散射器122(例如倒置角锥或其他光学形状表面)的光散射特征可以与光导120集成。

Claims (22)

1.一种装置，包括：
透射式显示器；和
背光，包括i)位于所述显示器后方的衬底和ii)安装在所述衬底上并位于所述显示器后方的多个低功率发光二极管，每个发光二极管额定工作在≤200毫安下。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置，其中所述衬底是柔性的。
3.如权利要求2所述的装置，其中所述柔性衬底被安装到散热器上。
4.如权利要求3所述的装置，其中所述散热器是铜箔。
5.如权利要求2所述的装置，其中所述柔性衬底形成为具有三维轮廓，所述三维表面使得所述发光二极管相对于彼此在两个或更多方向上定向。
6.如权利要求5所述的装置，其中所述三维轮廓包括成角度的表面过渡。
7.如权利要求5所述的装置，其中所述三维轮廓包括弯曲的表面过渡。
8.如权利要求1所述的装置，其中所述衬底是印刷电路板。
9.如权利要求1所述的装置，其中所述衬底是引线框架。
10.如权利要求1所述的装置，还包括位于所述显示器和所述背光之间的平面光导。
11.如权利要求1所述的装置，还包括位于所述显示器和所述背光之间的光散射器。
12.如权利要求1所述的装置，还包括安装到所述衬底的一个或多个三维反射器；其中所述发光二极管中的至少一些安装在所述反射器内。
13.如权利要求1所述的装置，其中所述发光二极管包括红色、绿色和蓝色发光二极管。
14.如权利要求1所述的装置，其中所述发光二极管中的至少一些以螺旋图案安装到所述衬底。
15.如权利要求1所述的装置，其中所述发光二极管中的至少一些以圆形图案安装到所述衬底。
16.如权利要求1所述的装置，其中所述发光二极管额定工作在≤100毫安下。
17.如权利要求1所述的装置，还包括向所述发光二极管供应直流驱动信号的控制系统。
18.如权利要求1所述的装置，还包括向所述发光二极管供应脉宽调制驱动信号的控制系统。
19.如权利要求1所述的装置，其中所述发光二极管中的至少一些以径向辐射图案安装到所述衬底。
20.如权利要求1所述的装置，其中所述发光二极管中的至少一些以蛇行图案安装到所述衬底。
21.如权利要求1所述的装置，其中所述发光二极管中的至少一些以多个三角分组安装到所述衬底。
22.如权利要求1所述的装置，其中所述发光二极管中的至少一些以多个由一个红色发光二极管、两个绿色发光二极管和一个蓝色发光二极管组成的正方形分组安装到所述衬底。
CNA200510105866XA 2004-10-22 2005-09-29 发光二极管背光 Pending CN1763604A (zh)

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US10/971,627 US20060087866A1 (en) 2004-10-22 2004-10-22 LED backlight

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN102162600A (zh) * 2010-12-31 2011-08-24 友达光电（苏州）有限公司 背光模块与立体显示器
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