CA2479824A1 - Light guide optical device - Google Patents

Light guide optical device Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2479824A1
CA2479824A1 CA002479824A CA2479824A CA2479824A1 CA 2479824 A1 CA2479824 A1 CA 2479824A1 CA 002479824 A CA002479824 A CA 002479824A CA 2479824 A CA2479824 A CA 2479824A CA 2479824 A1 CA2479824 A1 CA 2479824A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
optical device
substrate
light
partially reflecting
optical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002479824A
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French (fr)
Other versions
CA2479824C (en
Inventor
Yaakov Amitai
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Lumus Ltd
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of CA2479824A1 publication Critical patent/CA2479824A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2479824C publication Critical patent/CA2479824C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0015—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0018—Redirecting means on the surface of the light guide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/0081—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means for altering, e.g. enlarging, the entrance or exit pupil
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/02—Viewing or reading apparatus
    • G02B27/022—Viewing apparatus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G02B27/1073—Beam splitting or combining systems characterized by manufacturing or alignment methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G02B27/108—Beam splitting or combining systems for sampling a portion of a beam or combining a small beam in a larger one, e.g. wherein the area ratio or power ratio of the divided beams significantly differs from unity, without spectral selectivity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G02B27/14—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only
    • G02B27/145—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only having sequential partially reflecting surfaces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G02B27/14—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only
    • G02B27/148—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only including stacked surfaces having at least one double-pass partially reflecting surface
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/286—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising for controlling or changing the state of polarisation, e.g. transforming one polarisation state into another
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
    • G02B6/003—Lens or lenticular sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0055—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B2006/0098—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings for scanning
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0112—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising device for genereting colour display
    • G02B2027/0114—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising device for genereting colour display comprising dichroic elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0118—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility
    • G02B2027/012—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility comprising devices for attenuating parasitic image effects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0123—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices increasing the field of view
    • G02B2027/0125—Field-of-view increase by wavefront division
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0132—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0132—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems
    • G02B2027/0136—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems with a single image source for both eyes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B2027/0178—Eyeglass type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
    • G02B6/0028—Light guide, e.g. taper
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0056—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide for producing polarisation effects, e.g. by a surface with polarizing properties or by an additional polarizing elements

Abstract

There is provided an optical device including a light-transmitting substrate having at least two major surfaces and edges, optical means for coupling light into the substrate by total internal reflection and at least one partially reflecting surface located in the substrate.

Claims (54)

1. An optical device, comprising:
a light-transmitting substrate having, at least two major surfaces parallel to each other and edges;
optical means for coupling rays of light into said substrate by total internal reflection, and at least one partially reflecting surface located in said substrate which surface is non-parallel to said major surfaces of the substrate, characterized in that said optical means for coupling light into said substrate is oriented at as angle to said major surfaces to cause rays of said coupled light to impinge on both sides of the partially reflecting surface.
2. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein said optical means for coupling light into said substrate is disposed at an angle to said major surfaces to cause at least part of the rays of said coupled light to intersect said partially reflecting surface at least twice with two different incident angles.
3. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein wherein rays of said coupled light impinge an one side of the surface at a first angle of incidence and rays of said coupled light impinge an a second side of said surface at a second smaller angle of incidence.
4. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein said partially reflecting surface has a small reflection for one part of the angular spectrum and a larger reflection for other parts of the angular spectrum.
5. The optical device according to claim 4, wherein said partly reflecting surface has a low reflectance at high incident angles and a high reflectance at low incident angles.
6. The optical device according to claim 3, wherein said. partly reflecting surface has a small reflection for one of said incident angles and a significantly larger reflection for the second of said incident angles.
7. The optical device according to claim 3, wherein said one incident angle having, small reflectance is larger than said second incident angle.
8. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein there is provided an array of two or more partially reflecting surfaces characterized in that said partially reflecting surfaces are parallel to each other and are non-parallel to any of the edges of said major surfaces of the substrate.
9. The optical. device according to claim 1, wherein said optical means is a wave-reflecting surface located in said substrate.
10. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein said at least one partially reflecting surface couples the light trapped by total internal reflection out of said substrate.
11. The optical device according to claim 10, wherein said optical means for coupling light into said substrate is disposed at an angle to said major surfaces to cause at least pelt of said coupled light to intersect said partly reflecting surface at least twice with two different incident angles, before being coupled out of said substrate.
12. The optical device according to claim 1, further comprising means for producing output light waves from input light waves, wherein said input light waves and output light waves are located on the same side of said substrate.
13. The optical device according to claim 1, further comprising means for producing output light waves from input light waves, wherein said input light waves are located on one side of said substrate and said output light waves are located on another side of said substrate.
14. The optical device according to claim 1, further comprising means for producing output light waves from input light waves, wherein said input light waves are coupled into said substrate through one of its edges.
15. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein the reflectance of said at least one partially reflecting surface is selected to control the field of view.
16. The optical device according to claim 8, wherein the reflectance of each of said partially reflecting surfaces is non-uniform across the reflecting surfaces, producing a field of view having a selected brightness profile.
17. The optical device according to claim 8, wherein the distances between said partially reflecting surfaces is selected to control the brightness across the field of view.
18. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein said partially reflecting surface having a coating for P-polarized light.
19. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein the reflectance of said partially reflecting surface having a coating for an S-polarized light.
20. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein the reflectance of said partially reflecting surface having a coating for an unpolarized light,
21. The optical device according to claim 1, further comprising a second set of one or more reflecting or partially reflecting surfaces located in said substrate, said second set of partially reflecting surfaces being parallel to each other and not being parallel to said at least one partially reflecting surface.
22. The optical device according to claim 21, wherein said second set of reflecting or partially reflecting surfaces changes the direction of propagation of the light coupled in said substrate by total internal reflection.
23. The optical device according to claim 21, wherein the reflectance of said second plurality of partially reflecting surfaces produces a field of view having a uniform brightness profile.
24. The optical device according to claim 21, wherein the reflectance of said second plurality of partially reflecting surfaces is selected to control the brightness across the field of view.
25. The optical devise according to claim 1, further comprising at least one pair of reflecting surfaces carried by said substrate, said pair of reflecting surfaces being parallel to each other and being part of the edges of said substrate,
26. The optical device according to claim 25, wherein said at least one pair of reflecting surfaces changes the direction of propagation of the light coupled in said substrate by total internal reflection and then reflecting it back to its original direction.
27. The optical device according to claim 25, wherein the location and orientation of said at least one pair of reflecting surfaces is selected to control the field of view for a given input aperture.
28. The optical device according to claim 25, wherein the location and orientation of said at least one pair of reflecting surfaces is selected to control the input aperture for a given field of view.
29. The optical device according to claim 1, further comprising at least two different substrates combined together.
30. The optical device according to claim 29, wherein the location and orientation of said at least two substrates is selected to control the input aperture for a given field of view.
31. The optical device according to claim 29, wherein the reflectance of the partially reflecting surfaces which are located in said at least two substrates is selected to control the brightness across the field of view,
32. The optical device according to claim 1, further comprising a display light source.
33. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein said display light source is a liquid crystal display (LCD).
34. The optical device according to claim 33, wherein a diffuser is located between the light source and the liquid-crystal of said LCD is an angular selective diffuser.
35. The optical device according to claim 33, wherein the angular disposition of said diffuser is selected to control the brightness across the field of view.
36. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein said display light source is an organic light emitting diode display (OLED), having a divergence angle.
37. The optical device according to claim 36, wherein the divergence angle of said diode is selected to control the brightness across the field of view.
38. The optical device according to claim 23, further comprising an array of micro-lenses laterally aligned with said display light source.
39. The optical device according to claim 27, wherein the focal length and location of said micro-lenses is selected to control the brightness across the field of view.
40. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein said substrate is partially transparent, for allowing see-through operation,
41. The optical device according to claim 1, further comprising an opaque surface located an or in said substrate, so as to block the entrance of light traversing the substrate from an external scene.
42. The optical device according to claim 1, further comprising a variable transmittance surface located so as to attenuate the entrance of light traversing the substrate, for controlling the brightness of light passing through said device from an external scene.
43. The optical device according to claim 42, wherein the transmittance of said variable transmittance surface is automatically controlled according to the brightness of light directed to traverse the substrate.
44 44. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein said at least one partially reflecting surface reflects trapped light waves into a direction for reaching one eye of an observer,
45. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein said at least one partially reflecting surface reflects trapped waves into a direction for reaching both eyes of an observer.
46. The optical device according to claim 45, further comprising a plurality of display light sources.
47. The optical device according to claim 46, wherein the images from said plurality of display light sources differ from each other.
48. The optical devise according to claim 1, wherein said device couples the light from the external scene into said substrate.
49. The optical device according to claim 1, further comprising a stars light amplifier.
50. The optical devise according to claim 48, in which the device, is configured to be disposed at the side of the observer's head, with the objective located to the back and the eye-piece to the front.
51. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein said device is mounted in an eye-glasses frame.
52. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein said device is located in a mobile communication device,
53. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein said at least one partially reflecting surface reflects trapped light waves into a direction for illuminating an object.
54. The optical device according to claim 53, wherein said object is a liquid crystal display.
CA2479824A 2002-03-21 2003-03-19 Light guide optical device Expired - Fee Related CA2479824C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IL148804 2002-03-21
IL148804A IL148804A (en) 2002-03-21 2002-03-21 Optical device
PCT/IL2003/000237 WO2003081320A1 (en) 2002-03-21 2003-03-19 Light guide optical device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2479824A1 true CA2479824A1 (en) 2003-10-02
CA2479824C CA2479824C (en) 2011-05-17

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2479824A Expired - Fee Related CA2479824C (en) 2002-03-21 2003-03-19 Light guide optical device

Country Status (20)

Country Link
US (4) US7457040B2 (en)
EP (4) EP1485747B1 (en)
JP (2) JP4508655B2 (en)
KR (3) KR100954403B1 (en)
CN (3) CN101013178B (en)
AT (1) ATE370436T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003214615B2 (en)
BR (2) BR122016026602B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2479824C (en)
DE (1) DE60315606T2 (en)
DK (1) DK1485747T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2290437T3 (en)
HK (3) HK1081275A1 (en)
IL (1) IL148804A (en)
PT (1) PT1485747E (en)
RU (1) RU2324960C2 (en)
SG (2) SG139558A1 (en)
UA (1) UA81409C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2003081320A1 (en)
ZA (3) ZA200407814B (en)

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