Boris Johnson has been ordered to appear in court over claims he lied and misled the public by saying the UK sent the EU £350m a week.
The former Mayor of London faces accusations of misconduct in a public office over the claim, which he and other Vote Leave figures made during the 2016 EU referendum campaign.
Campaigner Marcus Ball brought a private prosecution against the former foreign secretary, saying he misled the public during the campaign and again at the 2017 general election.
Mr Ball, who denies he is trying to obstruct Brexit, managed to raise more than £200,000 for the private prosecution through an online crowdfunding campaign.
"Democracy demands responsible and honest leadership from those in public office," he said previously.
"The conduct of the proposed defendant Boris Johnson was both irresponsible and dishonest. It was, we say, criminal."
He alleges Mr Johnson misrepresented the amount of money Britain sends the EU by using the £350m figure.
"The UK has never sent, given or provided £350m a week to Europe - that statement is simply not ambiguous," Mr Ball said.
According to the Office for National Statistics, the UK's gross contribution to the EU totalled £18.9bn in 2016 - approximately £363m a week.
However, that sum was reduced to £13.9bn (£267m a week) after the application of the rebate won by Margaret Thatcher while she was prime minister in 1984. The rebate is applied before the UK's contribution is "sent" to the EU.
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The UK's contributions to the EU budget vary from year to year.
Mr Johnson has called the court application a "[political] stunt".
In his position read out to the court, he said: "The 'Prosecutor' (a limited company) is 'Brexit Justice Limited'. Brexit Justice Limited is the product of a campaign to undermine the result of the Brexit referendum, and/or to prevent its consequences.
"The company and this application owe their existence to the desire on the part of individuals such as Mr Ball to undermine the referendum result. The 'Brexit justice' which is ultimately sought is no Brexit."
Adrian Darbishire, Mr Johnson's lawyer said the statements were made for the purpose of a contested political campaign and came from "freely available" information.
Mr Johnson has denied any wrongdoing.
Lawyers lodged an application at Westminster Magistrates' Court to summons Mr Johnson as part of a private prosecution.
In a judgement given today, District Judge Margot Coleman ruled: "The allegations which have been made are unproven accusations and I do not make any findings of fact.
"Having considered all the relevant factors I am satisfied that this is a proper case to issue the summons as requested for the three offences as drafted. The charges are indictable only.
"This means the proposed defendant will be required to attend this court for a preliminary hearing, and the case will then be sent to the crown court for trial. The charges can only be dealt with in the crown court."
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She added: "The applicant's case is there is ample evidence that the proposed defendant knew that the statements were false.
"One example is given that in a televised interview in May 2016 the proposed defendant stated, 'we send the EU £10 billion per year' and that therefore he knew that the £350 million per week figure (£20 billion per year) was incorrect."
On Wednesday, Mr Ball's lawyer said: "I can say that the judge, at the hearing on 23 May, heard legal arguments about the alleged political motivation of the application for the summons against Mr Johnson and, in her judgement today, has decided to issue a summons notwithstanding those allegations of political motivation by Mr Johnson."
Mr Johnson, the MP for Uxbridge, is the bookies' favourite in the Conservative leadership campaign triggered by Theresa May's announcement that she would step down as leader of the party on 7 June.
He did not answer questions when approached by reporters on Wednesday.