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Shimoga, “Finger Force and Touch Feedback Issues in Desterous Telemanipulation,” Proceedings of Fourth Annual Conference on Intelligent Robotic Systems for Space Expploration, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Sep. 30-Oct. 1, 1992.

IBM Technical Disclosure Bulletin, “Mouse Ball—Actuating Device With Force and Tactile Feedback,” vol. 32, No. 9B, Feb. 1990.

Terry et al., “Tactile Feedback in A Computer Mouse,” Proceedings of Fouteenth Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference., University of NeW Hampshire, Mar. 10-11, 1988.

HoWe, “A Force—Refiecting Teleoperated Hand System for the Study of Tactile Sensing in Presision Manipulation,” Proceedings of the 1992 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Nice, France, May 1992. Eberhardt et al., “OMAR-A Haptic display for speech perception by deaf and deaf—blind individuals,” IEEE Virtual Reality Annual International Symposiom, Seattle, WA, Sep. 18-22, 1993.

RabinoWitz et al., “Multidimensional tavtile displays: Identification of vibratory intensity, frequency and contractor area,” ]ournal of The Acoustical Society of America, vol. 82, No. 4, Oct. 1987.

Bejczy et al., “Kinesthetic Coupling BetWeen Operator and Remote Manipulator,”International Computer Technology Conference, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, San Francisco, CA, Aug. 12-15, 1980.

Bejczy et al., “A Laboratory Breadboard System For Dual—Arm Teleoperation,” SOAR ’89 Workshop, ]SC, Houston, TX, ]ul. 25-27, 1989.

Ouh-Young, “A LoW-Cost Force Feedback ]oustick and Its Use in PC Video Games,” IEEE Transaction on Consumer Electronics, vol. 41, No. 3, Aug. 1995.

Marcus, “Touch Feedback in Surgery,” Proceedings of Virtual Reality and Medicine The Cutting Edge, Sep. 8-11, 1994.

Bejczy, et al., “Universal Computer Control System (UCCS) For Space Telerobots,” CH2413-3/87/0000/0318501.00 1987 IEEE, 1987.

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