WO2017125633A1 - Device and method for detecting damage caused by deep pectoral myopathy in birds - Google Patents
Device and method for detecting damage caused by deep pectoral myopathy in birds Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017125633A1 WO2017125633A1 PCT/ES2017/070023 ES2017070023W WO2017125633A1 WO 2017125633 A1 WO2017125633 A1 WO 2017125633A1 ES 2017070023 W ES2017070023 W ES 2017070023W WO 2017125633 A1 WO2017125633 A1 WO 2017125633A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/02—Food
- G01N33/12—Meat; fish
Definitions
- the present invention aims to address a problem that occurs frequently in birds for human consumption, especially those raised on farms, specifically the problem of deep pectoral myopathy (DPM).
- DPM deep pectoral myopathy
- the object of the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for detecting damage caused by myopathies in the pectoral, or commonly called breast, of birds slaughtered for human consumption.
- the present invention allows detecting, from the permittivity, the structural and biochemical alterations caused by myopathy of the deep pectoral in birds and selecting the birds, or parts thereof, suitable for human consumption.
- permittivity is the physical property that describes the interactions of an electric field on the medium in which it propagates.
- the permittivity in the range between 100 Hz and 1 MHz has been obtained, a range that shows two dispersions or interactions of the photons with the medium (alpha and beta).
- alpha and beta dispersions refers to different chemical species.
- Both alpha and beta dispersion allow to identify and quantify chemical species involved in hemorrhagic and / or ischemic processes, using this information in the detection of myopathy damage through algorithms and decision trees implemented by the invention.
- the alpha dispersion also called counterion
- the beta dispersion is induced by the orientation of moving charges in the dielectric medium. While the beta dispersion describes the interactions with fixed or low mobility loads found in the dielectric medium.
- the present invention consists of an apparatus comprising a control unit linked to a conditioning device, which through a multiple transducer sensor applies a voltage difference between transducers inducing an electric field between them, through the medium dielectric, in a variable frequency range and at different levels of penetration, on the pectoral of the bird to obtain the permittivity of the pectoral.
- Said multiple transducer sensor comprises a base, of substantially curved or flat configuration, with a plurality of transducers that allow the electrical signal to be applied to the bird's pectoral and to receive the response signal from the bird's pectoral.
- This multi-transducer sensor is linked to the conditioning device that comprises mechanisms for adapting both signals, that is the generated electrical signal and the response signal.
- This conditioning device also comprises a signal generator, which generates said electrical signal which is a sine-like signal with an instantaneous frequency between 100 Hz and 1 MHz that varies linearly with time, this scanning time being less than 100 ms .
- the response signal it is obtained from the multiple transducer sensor and is transferred to the control unit for processing and from the electric field generated between the transducers and with the known geometry and separation, the permittivity is obtained.
- control unit comprises a microprocessor integrated in a programmable device linked to a data acquisition system and with said device the permittivity is obtained as a function of frequency. More specifically, the control unit allows starting from the permittivity as a function of the frequency, and by means of a logistic algorithm obtaining the alpha and / or beta dispersions of the permittivity. From the dispersions obtained from the pectoral of the bird at two levels of penetration, in conjunction with the variable post-mortem time, this being considered as the time elapsed since the bird was sacrificed, the presence of myopathy is known, or not, in the bird's breastplate.
- control unit is provided with connection means intended to be coupled with an automatic classification and / or elimination device for birds with damage caused by myopathies.
- This automation increases productivity and speed in the classification.
- control unit is provided with communication means intended to be coupled to at least one data processing unit external to the apparatus, such as a personal computer, Tablet or Smartphone, improving the man-machine interface, and allowing for example device monitoring remotely.
- data processing unit external to the apparatus, such as a personal computer, Tablet or Smartphone, improving the man-machine interface, and allowing for example device monitoring remotely.
- the method of detecting the damage caused by myopathies in the bird breastplate is applied to the bird's carcass, manually or automatically, and comprises: placing on the bird's carcass the sensor of multiple transducers, of known dimensions and separation, of so that these transducers come into contact with the skin of the bird,
- the generated electrical signal is a sinusoidal signal with an instantaneous frequency that varies linearly with time and is between 100 Hz and 1 MHz.
- the scan time between the minimum and maximum frequency will be less than 100 ms.
- the post-mortem time of the bird may have been manually entered into the control unit before or during the detection of myopathic damage individually for each bird or more generally for a group of birds. Additionally this may be preset in the control unit. In this way the structural state of the meat and therefore the conformational changes derived from hemorrhages and necrosis can be determined. Because associated with the usual maturation processes in meat, there are also quantifiable changes in the dielectric spectrum, the inclusion of postmortem time is important, to differentiate between maturation and myopathies. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
- Figure 1. Shows a schematic view of the detection apparatus.
- Figure 2. Shows a graph of the level of lactic acid from measures of the permittivity in alpha dispersion frequency.
- Figure 3. Shows a graph of the structural proteins of bird muscle as a function of the frequency of beta dispersion.
- Figure 4.- Shows a schematic view of the sensor of multiple curved base transducers.
- the apparatus (1) comprises a control unit (2) connected with a conditioning device (3), which through a multiple transducer sensor (4), applicable on the breastplate (5) of the bird, obtains the permittivity of the breastplate (5).
- Said multiple transducer sensor (4) allows to apply, through a plurality of transducers, an electrical signal on the breastplate (5) of the bird and receive a response signal (5) to transfer it to the conditioning device (3).
- This conditioning device (3) comprises a signal generator (6) connected with signal matching mechanisms (7), which allow the conditioning device (3) to be linked with both the multiple transducer sensor (4) and to the control unit (2).
- control unit (2) mainly comprises a microprocessor integrated in a programmable device (8) linked to a data acquisition system (9), which receives the signal data of response of the pectoral (5) adapted by said signal adaptation mechanisms (7).
- the data acquisition system (9) is based on an SOC (System On Chip) platform that allows communication with a data processing unit external to the apparatus (1) described in this invention, such as a personal computer (10) , through an ethernet type connection. From this computer it is possible to enter a post-mortem time of the bird or group of birds to which the myopathic damage will be detected. This computer also allows the monitoring of the detection process in real time and from any point with internet access.
- SOC System On Chip
- the programmable device (8) is of the FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) type. Specifically, this programmable device (8) receives the data from the pectoral response signal (5) through said data acquisition system (9). Additionally, the programmable device (8) implements a first signal processing, which allows to obtain the permittivity as a function of frequency, a second analysis by means of a logistic algorithm to obtain the dispersions and a third predictive algorithm that allows the detection and quantification of the chemical species involved in the damage caused by myopathies.
- FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
- the level of deep pectoral myopathy is determined. Said level of deep pectoral myopathy is classified according to the categories: Cat. 0 corresponding to the pectoral (5) not damaged, Cat. 1 pectoral (5) with hemorrhages, and Cat. 2 pectoral (5) with necrosis.
- the control unit (2) obtains the permittivity value as a function of the frequency by processing the signal in reduced blocks and sequentially based on the application of the Wiener-Khinchin theorem.
- figures 2 and 3 show the experimental data of the permittivity used in a non-limiting manner in the present invention as a reference to know the status of the breastplate (5) of the bird.
- Figure 2 shows the concentration of lactic acid with respect to the dielectric constant in the alpha dispersion corresponding to each of the categories
- Figure 3 shows the concentration of myosin, collagen and sarcoplasmic proteins, as well as Actin corresponding to each category with respect to the frequency of beta dispersion.
- the multi-transducer sensor (4) its configuration can be seen in more detail in Figure 4.
- This presents a base, of substantially curved configuration, with a plurality of transducers (11) to inject said electrical signal, generated by the signal generator (6), at various depths of the breastplate (5), and receive the response signal from the pectoral (5) of the bird.
- the multiple transducer sensor (4) is capable of varying the separation between said transducers (11), as well as its geometry, managing to penetrate different depths of the breastplate (5) of the bird.
- the data processing unit is a tablet or a Smartphone.
- the multiple transducer sensor comprises a base with a plurality of flat transducers.
- the programmable device is linked to an automatic bird separation device with damage caused by myopathies in the pectoral. This linking is carried out by means of connection means of the control unit intended to be coupled with said automatic means. These automatic means allow the birds to be separated with the damaged breastplate from the birds that do not have it, totally autonomous.
Abstract
The invention relates to a device (1) and method for detecting damage caused by myopathy in the pectoral muscle (5) of birds slaughtered for human consumption. The device (1) comprises a multi-transducer sensor (4) which applies a variable-frequency electrical signal to the pectoral muscle (5) of a bird at different penetration levels and which receives a response signal from the pectoral muscle (5). The multi-transducer sensor (4) is connected to a conditioning device (3) which generates the electrical signal and which receives and conditions the response signal in order to transfer same to a control unit (2). The control unit (2) calculates permittivity as a function of frequency, detects the alpha and beta dispersions using logistics algorithms, and, using a prediction involving several chemical species and the post-mortem time, detects and quantifies damage caused by myopathy.
Description
APARATO Y MÉTODO DE DETECCIÓN DE DAÑO PRODUCIDO POR LA MIOPATÍA DEVICE AND DAMAGE DETECTION METHOD PRODUCED BY MYOPATHY
DEL PECTORAL PROFUNDO EN AVES OF THE DEEP PECTORAL IN BIRDS
D E S C R I P C I Ó N D E S C R I P C I Ó N
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención pretende abordar un problema que se produce frecuentemente en aves para consumo humano, especialmente en aquellas criadas en granjas, concretamente el problema de la miopatía del pectoral profundo (DPM). The present invention aims to address a problem that occurs frequently in birds for human consumption, especially those raised on farms, specifically the problem of deep pectoral myopathy (DPM).
El objeto de la presente invención se refiere a un aparato y método de detección del daño producido por miopatías en el pectoral, o comúnmente llamado pechuga, de aves sacrificadas para el consumo humano. The object of the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for detecting damage caused by myopathies in the pectoral, or commonly called breast, of birds slaughtered for human consumption.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Actualmente la producción de aves ha seguido en su tendencia alcista de estos últimos años. Éste aumento en la producción del sector avícola ha sido posible mediante una fuerte tecnificación, profesionalización e intensificación del sector, así como un incremento en la selección genética para alcanzar una mayor velocidad de crecimiento. Currently bird production has continued its upward trend in recent years. This increase in the production of the poultry sector has been possible through strong technification, professionalization and intensification of the sector, as well as an increase in genetic selection to achieve a faster growth rate.
Sin embargo, ésta intensificación del sector avícola ha dado lugar a un incremento de la miopatía del pectoral profundo, principalmente en pollos y pavos de engorde con musculatura hipertrófica. En el caso de estas aves, se han descrito multitud de causas que pueden producir miopatía del pectoral profundo, desde enfermedades respiratorias en granjas, hasta fenómenos producidos por estrés del animal, tal como los instantes previos al sacrificio. La miopatía del pectoral profundo, comúnmente conocida como la enfermedad del músculo verde, o enfermedad de Oregón, afecta principalmente a los músculos pectorales internos, próximos al corazón del ave, encontrada por primera vez en pavos adultos, más tarde en pollos de engorde adultos, y finalmente en pollos de engorde jóvenes.
Más concretamente, la miopatía en una ruptura del tejido muscular acompañado de hemorragia interna que puede llegar a provocar en sus niveles más críticos necrosis o infarto muscular. Debido a que es una interacción entre el corazón y el músculo adyacente, la carne afectada pertenece principalmente a los solomillos del ave, es decir, de los supracoracoideos o músculos pectoralis minor (músculo pectoral interno). However, this intensification of the poultry sector has led to an increase in myopathy of the deep pectoral, mainly in chickens and turkeys with hypertrophic musculature. In the case of these birds, many causes have been described that can cause myopathy of the deep pectoral, from respiratory diseases on farms, to phenomena caused by stress of the animal, such as the moments before slaughter. Deep pectoral myopathy, commonly known as green muscle disease, or Oregon disease, primarily affects the internal pectoral muscles, near the heart of the bird, first found in adult turkeys, later in adult broilers, and finally in young broilers. More specifically, myopathy in a rupture of muscle tissue accompanied by internal bleeding that can lead to necrosis or muscle infarction at its most critical levels. Because it is an interaction between the heart and the adjacent muscle, the affected meat belongs mainly to the tenderloins of the bird, that is, the supracoracoid or pectoralis minor muscles (internal pectoral muscle).
Recientemente se ha detectado un cambio en el patrón de consumo, y cada vez se demandan más pollos enteros, o en grandes piezas, y es en éste caso cuando rara vez el problema es detectado. Por lo tanto, únicamente es detectable de forma visual por personal especializado presente en los mataderos, durante la extracción del pectoral. Consecuentemente, con el sistema actual de detección sino se extrae el pectoral no se puede apreciar su baja calidad ni su mal aspecto visual, con las consiguientes quejas del consumidor, y la mala imagen que ello otorga a los productores. Recently a change in the pattern of consumption has been detected, and more and more whole chickens are demanded, or in large pieces, and it is in this case when the problem is rarely detected. Therefore, it is only visually detectable by specialized personnel present in the slaughterhouses, during the pectoral extraction. Consequently, with the current detection system, if the breastplate is removed, its low quality and its poor visual appearance cannot be appreciated, with the consequent complaints of the consumer, and the bad image that this gives to the producers.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención permite detectar, a partir de la permitividad, las alteraciones estructurales y bioquímicas causadas por la miopatía del pectoral profundo en aves y seleccionar las aves, o partes de las mismas, adecuadas para el consumo humano. The present invention allows detecting, from the permittivity, the structural and biochemical alterations caused by myopathy of the deep pectoral in birds and selecting the birds, or parts thereof, suitable for human consumption.
Cabe destacar que la permitividad es la propiedad física que describe las interacciones de un campo eléctrico sobre el medio en el que se propaga. En la presente invención se ha obtenido la permitividad en el rango comprendido entre 100 Hz y 1 MHz, rango que muestra dos dispersiones o interacciones de los fotones con el medio (alfa y beta). Cada una de estas dos dispersiones hacen referencia a especies químicas diferentes. Tanto la dispersión alfa como la beta permiten identificar y cuantificar especies químicas involucradas en los procesos hemorrágicos y/o isquémicos, empleando dicha información en la detección del daño por miopatía a través de algoritmos y árboles de decisión implementados por la invención. It should be noted that permittivity is the physical property that describes the interactions of an electric field on the medium in which it propagates. In the present invention the permittivity in the range between 100 Hz and 1 MHz has been obtained, a range that shows two dispersions or interactions of the photons with the medium (alpha and beta). Each of these two dispersions refers to different chemical species. Both alpha and beta dispersion allow to identify and quantify chemical species involved in hemorrhagic and / or ischemic processes, using this information in the detection of myopathy damage through algorithms and decision trees implemented by the invention.
Más concretamente la dispersión alfa, también llamada counterion, viene inducida por la orientación de cargas móviles en el medio dieléctrico. Mientras que la dispersión beta describe las interacciones con cargas fijas o de baja movilidad que se encuentran
en el medio dieléctrico. More specifically, the alpha dispersion, also called counterion, is induced by the orientation of moving charges in the dielectric medium. While the beta dispersion describes the interactions with fixed or low mobility loads found in the dielectric medium.
Concretamente, la presente invención consiste en un aparato que comprende una unidad de control vinculada con un dispositivo de acondicionamiento, que a través de un sensor de transductores múltiples aplica una diferencia de tensión entre transductores induciendo un campo eléctrico entre los mismos, a través del medio dieléctrico, en un rango de frecuencias variable y a distintos niveles de penetración, sobre el pectoral del ave para obtener la permitividad del pectoral. Dicho sensor de transductores múltiples comprende una base, de configuración sensiblemente curvada o plana, con una pluralidad de transductores que permiten aplicar la señal eléctrica sobre el pectoral del ave y recibir la señal de respuesta del pectoral del ave. Este sensor de transductores múltiples está vinculado con el dispositivo de acondicionamiento que comprende unos mecanismos de adecuación de ambas señales, es decir la señal eléctrica generada y la señal de respuesta. Este dispositivo de acondicionamiento también comprende un generador de señales, que genera dicha señal eléctrica que es una señal del tipo senoidal con una frecuencia instantánea comprendida entre 100 Hz y 1 MHz que varía linealmente con el tiempo, siendo este tiempo de barrido inferior a 100 ms. En cuanto a la señal de respuesta, es obtenida del sensor de transductores múltiples y es transferida a la unidad de control para su procesado y a partir del campo eléctrico generado entre los transductores y con la geometría y separación conocida, se obtiene la permitividad. Specifically, the present invention consists of an apparatus comprising a control unit linked to a conditioning device, which through a multiple transducer sensor applies a voltage difference between transducers inducing an electric field between them, through the medium dielectric, in a variable frequency range and at different levels of penetration, on the pectoral of the bird to obtain the permittivity of the pectoral. Said multiple transducer sensor comprises a base, of substantially curved or flat configuration, with a plurality of transducers that allow the electrical signal to be applied to the bird's pectoral and to receive the response signal from the bird's pectoral. This multi-transducer sensor is linked to the conditioning device that comprises mechanisms for adapting both signals, that is the generated electrical signal and the response signal. This conditioning device also comprises a signal generator, which generates said electrical signal which is a sine-like signal with an instantaneous frequency between 100 Hz and 1 MHz that varies linearly with time, this scanning time being less than 100 ms . As for the response signal, it is obtained from the multiple transducer sensor and is transferred to the control unit for processing and from the electric field generated between the transducers and with the known geometry and separation, the permittivity is obtained.
Por otro lado, la unidad de control comprende un microprocesador integrado en un dispositivo programable vinculado con un sistema de adquisición de datos y con dicho dispositivo se obtiene la permitividad en función de la frecuencia. Más concretamente, la unidad de control permite a partir de la permitividad en función de la frecuencia, y mediante un algoritmo logístico obtener las dispersiones alfa y/o beta de la permitividad. A partir de las dispersiones obtenidas del pectoral del ave a dos niveles de penetración, en conjunto con la variable tiempo post-mortem, siendo esta considerada como el tiempo trascurrido desde que se sacrificó el ave, se conoce la presencia de miopatía, o no, en el pectoral del ave.
Esto representa una gran ventaja debido a que los daños causados por la miopatía del pectoral profundo afectan al músculo pectoralis minor (músculo pectoral interno) y en menor medida al pectoralis major (músculo pectoral externo) del ave. Gracias a esta invención, se puede seleccionar y clasificar las aves en diferentes categorías según el nivel del daño causado. Estas categorías son: pectoral no dañado, pectoral con daño hemorrágico y pectoral con necrosis. También se puede indicar si el daño ha alcanzado al pectoralis major y al pectoralis minor o solamente al pectoralis minor del ave. De este modo las aves que presenten pectoral con daño hemorrágico y/o con necrosis pueden ser destinadas para su deshuese y así evitar el desecho de algunas de las partes más valiosa del ave. On the other hand, the control unit comprises a microprocessor integrated in a programmable device linked to a data acquisition system and with said device the permittivity is obtained as a function of frequency. More specifically, the control unit allows starting from the permittivity as a function of the frequency, and by means of a logistic algorithm obtaining the alpha and / or beta dispersions of the permittivity. From the dispersions obtained from the pectoral of the bird at two levels of penetration, in conjunction with the variable post-mortem time, this being considered as the time elapsed since the bird was sacrificed, the presence of myopathy is known, or not, in the bird's breastplate. This represents a great advantage because the damage caused by deep pectoral myopathy affects the pectoralis minor muscle (internal pectoral muscle) and to a lesser extent the pectoralis major (external pectoral muscle) of the bird. Thanks to this invention, birds can be selected and classified into different categories according to the level of damage caused. These categories are: pectoral not damaged, pectoral with hemorrhagic damage and pectoral with necrosis. It can also be indicated if the damage has reached pectoralis major and pectoralis minor or only pectoralis minor of the bird. In this way the birds that present pectoral with hemorrhagic damage and / or with necrosis can be destined for their bone and thus avoid the disposal of some of the most valuable parts of the bird.
Opcionalmente, la unidad de control está dotada de unos medios de conexión destinados a acoplarse con dispositivo automático de clasificación y/o eliminación de aves con daños producidos por miopatías. Mediante ésta automatización se aumenta la productividad y celeridad en la clasificación. Optionally, the control unit is provided with connection means intended to be coupled with an automatic classification and / or elimination device for birds with damage caused by myopathies. This automation increases productivity and speed in the classification.
Adicionalmente, dicha unidad de control está dotada de unos medios de comunicación destinados a acoplarse a al menos una unidad de tratamiento de datos externa al aparato, tal como un ordenador personal, Tablet o Smartphone, mejorando la interfaz hombre-máquina, y permitiendo por ejemplo la supervisión del aparato de forma remota. Additionally, said control unit is provided with communication means intended to be coupled to at least one data processing unit external to the apparatus, such as a personal computer, Tablet or Smartphone, improving the man-machine interface, and allowing for example device monitoring remotely.
El método de detección del daño producido por miopatías en el pectoral de aves se aplica a la carcasa del ave, de forma manual o automática, y comprende: colocar sobre la carcasa del ave el sensor de transductores múltiples, de dimensiones y separación conocidas, de modo que dichos transductores entren en contacto con la piel del ave, The method of detecting the damage caused by myopathies in the bird breastplate is applied to the bird's carcass, manually or automatically, and comprises: placing on the bird's carcass the sensor of multiple transducers, of known dimensions and separation, of so that these transducers come into contact with the skin of the bird,
- generar una señal eléctrica, en un rango de frecuencias mediante un generador integrado en el sistema de medición, vinculado a dicho sensor de transductores múltiples, - generating an electrical signal, in a frequency range by means of a generator integrated in the measurement system, linked to said multiple transducer sensor,
adecuar la señal eléctrica generada mediante unos mecanismos de adecuación integrados en el dispositivo de acondicionamiento, para transferirla al sensor de transductores múltiples,
aplicar, en la carcasa del ave, dicha señal eléctrica induciendo campos eléctricos a distintos niveles de penetración mediante el sensor de transductores múltiples, adapt the electrical signal generated by means of adaptation mechanisms integrated in the conditioning device, to transfer it to the multiple transducer sensor, apply, in the bird housing, said electrical signal inducing electric fields at different levels of penetration by means of the multiple transducer sensor,
recibir, la señal de respuesta del pectoral del ave mediante dicho sensor de transductores múltiples para transferirla al dispositivo de acondicionamiento, adecuar la señal de respuesta mediante los mecanismos de adecuación integrados en el dispositivo de acondicionamiento. receiving the response signal from the bird's breastplate by means of said multiple transducer sensor to transfer it to the conditioning device, adapting the response signal by means of the adaptation mechanisms integrated in the conditioning device.
transferir los la señal de respuesta adecuada a una unidad de control vinculada a dicho dispositivo de acondicionamiento, transfer the appropriate response signal to a control unit linked to said conditioning device,
- procesar los datos mediante la unidad de control, - process the data through the control unit,
calcular la permitividad en función de la frecuencia a partir de la señal obtenida, la superficie y separación de los transductores calculate the permittivity based on the frequency from the signal obtained, the surface and separation of the transducers
obtener los valores de dispersión mediante un algoritmo logístico obtain dispersion values using a logistic algorithm
aplicar los modelos predictivos a partir de los valores de dispersión, los distintos niveles de penetración y el tiempo postmortem. Apply predictive models based on dispersion values, different levels of penetration and postmortem time.
determinar el daño por miopatías, en función de los resultados de los modelos predictivos. determine myopathic damage, based on the results of predictive models.
La señal eléctrica generada es una señal del tipo senoidal con una frecuencia instantánea que varía linealmente con el tiempo y que está comprendida entre 100 Hz y 1 MHz. El tiempo de barrido entre la frecuencia mínima y la máxima será inferior a 100 ms. The generated electrical signal is a sinusoidal signal with an instantaneous frequency that varies linearly with time and is between 100 Hz and 1 MHz. The scan time between the minimum and maximum frequency will be less than 100 ms.
Más concretamente, para que la unidad de control pueda detectar el daño por miopatía se requiere conocer el tiempo post-mortem del ave. Este tiempo post-mortem puede haber sido introducido manualmente en la unidad de control antes o durante la detección del daño por miopatías de forma individual para cada ave o de forma más general para un grupo de aves. Adicionalmente este puede estar preestablecido en la unidad de control. De este modo se puede determinar el estado estructural de la carne y por tanto los cambios conformacionales derivados de hemorragias y necrosis. Debido a que asociado a los procesos de maduración habituales en la carne, se producen cambios también cuantificables en el espectro dieléctrico, es importante la inclusión del tiempo post- mortem, para diferenciar entre maduración y miopatías.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS More specifically, for the control unit to detect myopathy damage, it is necessary to know the post-mortem time of the bird. This post-mortem time may have been manually entered into the control unit before or during the detection of myopathic damage individually for each bird or more generally for a group of birds. Additionally this may be preset in the control unit. In this way the structural state of the meat and therefore the conformational changes derived from hemorrhages and necrosis can be determined. Because associated with the usual maturation processes in meat, there are also quantifiable changes in the dielectric spectrum, the inclusion of postmortem time is important, to differentiate between maturation and myopathies. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características de la invención, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica de la misma, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente: To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:
Figura 1.- Muestra una vista esquemática del aparato de detección. Figure 1.- Shows a schematic view of the detection apparatus.
Figura 2.- Muestra una gráfica del nivel de ácido láctico a partir de medidas de la permitividad en frecuencia de dispersión alfa. Figure 2.- Shows a graph of the level of lactic acid from measures of the permittivity in alpha dispersion frequency.
Figura 3.- Muestra una gráfica de las proteínas estructurales de músculo de ave en función de la frecuencia de dispersión beta. Figure 3.- Shows a graph of the structural proteins of bird muscle as a function of the frequency of beta dispersion.
Figura 4.- Muestra una vista esquemática del sensor de transductores múltiples de base curva. Figure 4.- Shows a schematic view of the sensor of multiple curved base transducers.
REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
En una realización preferente de la invención, tal y como se muestra en la figura 1 , el aparato (1) comprende una unidad de control (2) conectada con un dispositivo de acondicionamiento (3), que a través de un sensor de transductores múltiples (4), aplicable sobre el pectoral (5) del ave, obtiene la permitividad del pectoral (5). In a preferred embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 1, the apparatus (1) comprises a control unit (2) connected with a conditioning device (3), which through a multiple transducer sensor (4), applicable on the breastplate (5) of the bird, obtains the permittivity of the breastplate (5).
Dicho sensor de transductores múltiples (4) permite aplicar, a través de una pluralidad de transductores, una señal eléctrica sobre el pectoral (5) del ave y recibir una señal de respuesta (5) para transferirla al dispositivo de acondicionamiento (3). Said multiple transducer sensor (4) allows to apply, through a plurality of transducers, an electrical signal on the breastplate (5) of the bird and receive a response signal (5) to transfer it to the conditioning device (3).
Éste dispositivo de acondicionamiento (3) comprende un generador de señales (6) conectado con unos mecanismos de adecuación de señales (7), que permiten que el dispositivo de acondicionamiento (3) se vincule tanto con el sensor de transductores múltiples (4) como a la unidad de control (2). This conditioning device (3) comprises a signal generator (6) connected with signal matching mechanisms (7), which allow the conditioning device (3) to be linked with both the multiple transducer sensor (4) and to the control unit (2).
También, en la figura 1 , se observa esquemáticamente que la unidad de control (2) comprende principalmente un microprocesador integrado en un dispositivo programable (8) vinculado con un sistema de adquisición de datos (9), que recibe los datos de la señal
de respuesta del pectoral (5) adecuada por dichos mecanismos de adecuación de señales (7). Also, in Figure 1, it is schematically observed that the control unit (2) mainly comprises a microprocessor integrated in a programmable device (8) linked to a data acquisition system (9), which receives the signal data of response of the pectoral (5) adapted by said signal adaptation mechanisms (7).
El sistema de adquisición de datos (9) está basado en una plataforma SOC (System On Chip) que permite la comunicación con una unidad de tratamiento de datos externos al aparato (1) descrito en esta invención, tal como un ordenador personal (10), mediante una conexión del tipo ethernet. Desde este ordenador es posible introducir un tiempo post-mortem del ave o grupo de aves a los cuales se les va a detectar el daño por miopatías. Además este ordenador permite la supervisión del proceso de detección en tiempo real y desde cualquier punto con acceso a internet. The data acquisition system (9) is based on an SOC (System On Chip) platform that allows communication with a data processing unit external to the apparatus (1) described in this invention, such as a personal computer (10) , through an ethernet type connection. From this computer it is possible to enter a post-mortem time of the bird or group of birds to which the myopathic damage will be detected. This computer also allows the monitoring of the detection process in real time and from any point with internet access.
El dispositivo programable (8) es del tipo FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array). Concretamente, éste dispositivo programable (8) recibe los datos de la señal de respuesta del pectoral (5) a través de dicho sistema de adquisición de datos (9). Adicionalmente, el dispositivo programable (8) implementa un primer procesado de la señal, que permite obtener la permitividad en función de la frecuencia, un segundo análisis mediante un algoritmo logístico para obtener las dispersiones y un tercer algoritmo predictivo que permite la detección y cuantificación de las especies químicas involucradas en el daño producido por miopatías. The programmable device (8) is of the FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) type. Specifically, this programmable device (8) receives the data from the pectoral response signal (5) through said data acquisition system (9). Additionally, the programmable device (8) implements a first signal processing, which allows to obtain the permittivity as a function of frequency, a second analysis by means of a logistic algorithm to obtain the dispersions and a third predictive algorithm that allows the detection and quantification of the chemical species involved in the damage caused by myopathies.
Con el valor cuantificado de dichas especies químicas (ácido láctico o el nivel de proteínas estructurales) a diferentes niveles de profundidad y el valor del tiempo postmortem del ave, mediante el dispositivo programable (8) que comprende otro algoritmo que calcula el metabolismo de maduración, la maduración en tejido hemorrágico y el proceso de isquemia celular, se determina el nivel de miopatía del pectoral profundo. Dicho nivel de miopatía del pectoral profundo se clasifica según las categorías: Cat. 0 que corresponde al pectoral (5) no dañado, Cat. 1 pectoral (5) con hemorragias, y Cat. 2 pectoral (5) con necrosis. Más concretamente, para realizar la detección del daño en el pectoral (5), la unidad de control (2) obtiene el valor de permitividad en función de la frecuencia mediante el procesado de la señal en bloques reducidos y de forma secuencial basado en la aplicación del teorema de Wiener-Khinchin. Más concretamente, en las figuras 2 y 3 se muestran los datos experimentales de la
permitividad utilizados de forma no limitativa en la presente invención como referencia para conocer el estado del pectoral (5) del ave. En la figura 2 se muestra la concentración de ácido láctico con respecto a la constante dieléctrica en la dispersión alfa correspondiente a cada una de las categorías, mientras que en la figura 3 se muestra la concentración de miosina, colágeno y proteínas sarcoplasmáticas, así como de actina correspondiente a cada categoría con respecto a la frecuencia de dispersión beta. With the quantified value of said chemical species (lactic acid or the level of structural proteins) at different levels of depth and the postmortem time value of the bird, by means of the programmable device (8) comprising another algorithm that calculates the maturation metabolism, maturation in hemorrhagic tissue and the process of cellular ischemia, the level of deep pectoral myopathy is determined. Said level of deep pectoral myopathy is classified according to the categories: Cat. 0 corresponding to the pectoral (5) not damaged, Cat. 1 pectoral (5) with hemorrhages, and Cat. 2 pectoral (5) with necrosis. More specifically, in order to detect the pectoral damage (5), the control unit (2) obtains the permittivity value as a function of the frequency by processing the signal in reduced blocks and sequentially based on the application of the Wiener-Khinchin theorem. More specifically, figures 2 and 3 show the experimental data of the permittivity used in a non-limiting manner in the present invention as a reference to know the status of the breastplate (5) of the bird. Figure 2 shows the concentration of lactic acid with respect to the dielectric constant in the alpha dispersion corresponding to each of the categories, while Figure 3 shows the concentration of myosin, collagen and sarcoplasmic proteins, as well as Actin corresponding to each category with respect to the frequency of beta dispersion.
De este modo se muestra la capacidad de predicción de ácido láctico y de las proteínas estructurales mediante las dispersiones alfa y beta. This shows the prediction capacity of lactic acid and structural proteins through alpha and beta dispersions.
Más concretamente en cuanto al sensor de transductores múltiples (4), en la figura 4 puede verse con mayor detalle su configuración. Éste presenta una base, de configuración sensiblemente curvada, con una pluralidad de transductores (11) para inyectar dicha señal eléctrica, generada por el generador de señales (6), a varias profundidades del pectoral (5), y recibir la señal de respuesta del pectoral (5) del ave. Adicionalmente, el sensor de transductores múltiples (4) es susceptible de variar la separación entre dichos transductores (11), así como su geometría, consiguiendo penetrar a distintas profundidades del pectoral (5) del ave. De este modo, se puede clasificar las miopatías en aves, para cada parte del pectoral es decir para su pectoralis major (12), y para su pectoralis minor (13), en función de su nivel de daño: no dañado, daño hemorrágico y necrosis. More specifically regarding the multi-transducer sensor (4), its configuration can be seen in more detail in Figure 4. This presents a base, of substantially curved configuration, with a plurality of transducers (11) to inject said electrical signal, generated by the signal generator (6), at various depths of the breastplate (5), and receive the response signal from the pectoral (5) of the bird. Additionally, the multiple transducer sensor (4) is capable of varying the separation between said transducers (11), as well as its geometry, managing to penetrate different depths of the breastplate (5) of the bird. In this way, you can classify myopathies in birds, for each part of the pectoral, that is, for its pectoralis major (12), and for its pectoralis minor (13), depending on its level of damage: not damaged, hemorrhagic damage and necrosis.
En otra realización preferente, no representada, la unidad de tratamiento de datos es una tablet o un Smartphone. In another preferred embodiment, not shown, the data processing unit is a tablet or a Smartphone.
En otra realización preferente, no representada, el sensor de transductores múltiples comprende una base con una pluralidad de transductores planos. En otra realización preferente, no representada, se vincula el dispositivo programable con un dispositivo automático de separación de aves con daños producidos por miopatías en el pectoral. Ésta vinculación se realiza mediante unos medios de conexión de la unidad de control destinados a acoplarse con dichos medios automáticos. Estos medios automáticos permiten separar las aves con el pectoral dañado de las aves que no lo tienen, forma totalmente autónoma.
In another preferred embodiment, not shown, the multiple transducer sensor comprises a base with a plurality of flat transducers. In another preferred embodiment, not shown, the programmable device is linked to an automatic bird separation device with damage caused by myopathies in the pectoral. This linking is carried out by means of connection means of the control unit intended to be coupled with said automatic means. These automatic means allow the birds to be separated with the damaged breastplate from the birds that do not have it, totally autonomous.
Claims
1. Aparato (1) de detección del daño producido por miopatías en el pectoral (5) de aves sacrificadas, caracterizado porque comprende: 1. Apparatus (1) for detecting damage caused by myopathies in the breastplate (5) of slaughtered birds, characterized in that it comprises:
- un sensor de transductores múltiples (4), que aplica una señal eléctrica, de frecuencia variable y a distintos niveles de penetración, sobre el pectoral (5) de un ave; y que recibe una señal de respuesta de dicho pectoral (5), un dispositivo de acondicionamiento (3), vinculado al sensor de transductores múltiples (4), que genera la señal eléctrica aplicada por dicho sensor (4) y que recibe y acondiciona la señal de respuesta, y - a multiple transducer sensor (4), which applies an electrical signal, of varying frequency and at different levels of penetration, on the breastplate (5) of a bird; and that it receives a response signal from said pectoral (5), a conditioning device (3), linked to the multiple transducer sensor (4), which generates the electrical signal applied by said sensor (4) and that receives and conditions the answer signal, and
una unidad de control (2), vinculada con el dispositivo de acondicionamiento (3), que recibe dicha señal de respuesta, calcula la permitividad en función de la frecuencia, obtiene las dispersiones y predice los niveles de daño en el pectoral (5) con algoritmos. a control unit (2), linked to the conditioning device (3), which receives said response signal, calculates the permittivity based on the frequency, obtains the dispersions and predicts the pectoral damage levels (5) with algorithms
Aparato (1) según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque dicha unidad de control (2) comprende un microprocesador integrado en un dispositivo programable (8). Apparatus (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said control unit (2) comprises a microprocessor integrated in a programmable device (8).
3. Aparato (1) según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque dicho dispositivo de acondicionamiento (3) comprende unos mecanismos de adecuación de señales (7), y un generador de señales (6). 3. Apparatus (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said conditioning device (3) comprises signal adaptation mechanisms (7), and a signal generator (6).
4. Aparato (1) según la reivindicación 3, caracterizado porque dicho generador de señales (6) genera la señal eléctrica, los mecanismos de adecuación de señales4. Apparatus (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that said signal generator (6) generates the electrical signal, the signal matching mechanisms
(7) adecúan la señal eléctrica y mediante el sensor de transductores múltiples (4), se aplica sobre el pectoral (5) del ave. (7) adapt the electrical signal and by means of the multiple transducer sensor (4), it is applied to the breastplate (5) of the bird.
5. Aparato (1) según la reivindicación 4, caracterizado porque la señal eléctrica que se aplica sobre el pectoral (5) del ave es una señal del tipo senoidal con una frecuencia instantánea que varía linealmente con el tiempo de 100 Hz a 1 MHz en menos de 100 ms.
5. Apparatus (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the electrical signal applied to the breastplate (5) of the bird is a sine-like signal with an instantaneous frequency that varies linearly with the time from 100 Hz to 1 MHz in less than 100 ms.
6. Aparato (1) según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el sensor de transductores múltiples (4) comprende una base, con curvatura adaptada al pectoral del ave media, con una pluralidad de transductores (1 1) para aplicar la señal sobre el pectoral (5) del ave y para recibir la señal de respuesta del mismo. 6. Apparatus (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the multiple transducer sensor (4) comprises a base, with curvature adapted to the pectoral of the middle bird, with a plurality of transducers (1 1) to apply the signal on the pectoral (5) of the bird and to receive the response signal from it.
7. Aparato (1) según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el sensor de transductores múltiples (4) comprende una base, de configuración sensiblemente plana, con una pluralidad de transductores (1 1) para aplicar la señal sobre el pectoral (5) del ave, y para recibir la señal de respuesta del mismo. 7. Apparatus (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the multiple transducer sensor (4) comprises a base, of substantially flat configuration, with a plurality of transducers (1 1) for applying the signal on the breastplate (5) of the bird, and to receive the response signal from it.
8. Aparato (1) según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque la unidad de control (2) está dotada de unos medios de conexión destinados a acoplarse con unos medios automáticos de separación de aves con daño producido por miopatías en el pectoral (5). 8. Apparatus (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit (2) is provided with connection means intended to engage with automatic means for separating birds with damage caused by myopathies in the breastplate (5).
9. Aparato (1) según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque la unidad de control (2) está dotada de unos medios de comunicación destinados a acoplarse con al menos una unidad de tratamiento de datos, tal como un ordenador personal (10), Tablet o Smartphone. 9. Apparatus (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the control unit (2) is provided with communication means intended to be coupled with at least one data processing unit, such as a personal computer (10), Tablet or Smartphone
10. Método del que hace uso el aparato (1) descrito en la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque comprende: 10. The method used by the apparatus (1) described in claim 1, characterized in that it comprises:
colocar sobre la carcasa del ave un sensor de transductores múltiples (4), de modo que dichos transductores (11) entren en contacto con la piel (5) del ave, - generar una señal eléctrica, para aplicar a la carcasa de un ave, con un rango de diferentes frecuencias mediante un generador de señales (6) comprendido en un dispositivo de acondicionamiento (3), place a multiple transducer sensor (4) on the bird's housing, so that said transducers (11) come into contact with the bird's skin (5), - generate an electrical signal, to apply to the bird's shell, with a range of different frequencies by means of a signal generator (6) comprised in a conditioning device (3),
adecuar la señal generada mediante unos mecanismos de adecuación de señales (7) integrados el dispositivo de acondicionamiento (3), para transferirla a un sensor de transductores múltiples (4) vinculado al dispositivo de acondicionamiento (3), adapt the signal generated by means of signal adaptation mechanisms (7) integrated the conditioning device (3), to transfer it to a multiple transducer sensor (4) linked to the conditioning device (3),
aplicar, en la carcasa del ave, dicha señal eléctrica a distintos niveles de penetración mediante el sensor de transductores múltiples (4),
recibir, la señal de respuesta del ave mediante dicho sensor de transductores múltiples (4) para transferirla al dispositivo de acondicionamiento (3), adecuar la señal de respuesta mediante dichos mecanismos de adecuación de señales (7) integrados el dispositivo de acondicionamiento (3), apply, in the bird housing, said electrical signal at different levels of penetration by means of the multiple transducer sensor (4), receiving, the response signal of the bird by means of said multiple transducer sensor (4) to transfer it to the conditioning device (3), adapting the response signal by means of said signal matching mechanisms (7) integrated the conditioning device (3) ,
- transferir la señal adecuada a la unidad de control (2), - transfer the appropriate signal to the control unit (2),
procesar la señal adecuada mediante la unidad de control (2), process the appropriate signal through the control unit (2),
obtener la permitividad en función de la frecuencia (2), y obtain the permittivity as a function of frequency (2), and
detectar el daño por miopatías, en función de la permitividad del ave y del tiempo transcurrido desde su sacrifico hasta el momento, o tiempo post- mortem. detect myopathic damage, depending on the permittivity of the bird and the time elapsed since its sacrifice until the moment, or postmortem time.
1 1. Método según la reivindicación 10, caracterizado porque el generador de señales (6) genera una señal del tipo senoidal con una frecuencia instantánea que varía linealmente con el tiempo de 100 Hz a 1 MHz en menos de 100 ms. 1 Method according to claim 10, characterized in that the signal generator (6) generates a sine-like signal with an instantaneous frequency that varies linearly with the time from 100 Hz to 1 MHz in less than 100 ms.
12. Método según la reivindicación 10, caracterizado porque el tiempo post-mortem ha sido introducido manualmente en la unidad de control (2) antes o durante la detección del daño por miopatías de forma individual para cada ave o grupo de aves. 12. Method according to claim 10, characterized in that the post-mortem time has been manually introduced into the control unit (2) before or during the detection of myopathic damage individually for each bird or group of birds.
13. Método según la reivindicación 10, caracterizado porque el tiempo postmortem esta preestablecido en la unidad de control (2).
13. Method according to claim 10, characterized in that the postmortem time is preset in the control unit (2).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES201630062A ES2616150B1 (en) | 2016-01-20 | 2016-01-20 | APPARATUS AND METHOD OF DANE DETECTION PRODUCED BY THE MIOPATIA OF THE DEEP PECTORAL IN BIRDS |
| ESP201630062 | 2016-01-20 |
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| WO2017125633A1 true WO2017125633A1 (en) | 2017-07-27 |
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| PCT/ES2017/070023 WO2017125633A1 (en) | 2016-01-20 | 2017-01-17 | Device and method for detecting damage caused by deep pectoral myopathy in birds |
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| WO (1) | WO2017125633A1 (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5353802A (en) * | 1990-10-18 | 1994-10-11 | Centrum For Dentalteknik Och Biomaterial | Device for measurement of electrical impedance of organic and biological materials |
| US20150002168A1 (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2015-01-01 | General Electric Company | Systems and methods for soft-field tomography |
-
2016
- 2016-01-20 ES ES201630062A patent/ES2616150B1/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5353802A (en) * | 1990-10-18 | 1994-10-11 | Centrum For Dentalteknik Och Biomaterial | Device for measurement of electrical impedance of organic and biological materials |
| US20150002168A1 (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2015-01-01 | General Electric Company | Systems and methods for soft-field tomography |
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| Title |
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| RABIH, A.A.S. ET AL.: "Effective relative permittivity of properly slaughtered and non properly slaughtered chicken using dielectric mixing rules", NATIONAL POSTGRADUATE CONFERENCE (NPC 2011). ENERGY & SUSTAINABILITY: EXPLORING THE INNOVATIVE MINDS, 19 September 2011 (2011-09-19), pages 1 - 4, XP032099719, ISBN: 978-1-4577-1882-3 * |
| SCHÄFER, M. ET AL.: "Dielectric properties of skeletal muscle during ischemia in the frequency range from 50 Hz to 200 MHz", ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, vol. 873, 20 April 1999 (1999-04-20), United States, pages 59 - 64, XP055400624, ISSN: 0077-8923 * |
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| ES2616150B1 (en) | 2019-08-13 |
| ES2616150A9 (en) | 2017-06-29 |
| ES2616150A1 (en) | 2017-06-09 |
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