WO2007001871A1 - Double helical antenna assembly for a wireless intravascular medical device - Google Patents
Double helical antenna assembly for a wireless intravascular medical device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007001871A1 WO2007001871A1 PCT/US2006/023254 US2006023254W WO2007001871A1 WO 2007001871 A1 WO2007001871 A1 WO 2007001871A1 US 2006023254 W US2006023254 W US 2006023254W WO 2007001871 A1 WO2007001871 A1 WO 2007001871A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- coil
- medical device
- animal
- winding
- recited
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/372—Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
- A61N1/37211—Means for communicating with stimulators
- A61N1/37217—Means for communicating with stimulators characterised by the communication link, e.g. acoustic or tactile
- A61N1/37223—Circuits for electromagnetic coupling
- A61N1/37229—Shape or location of the implanted or external antenna
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/372—Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
- A61N1/375—Constructional arrangements, e.g. casings
- A61N1/37512—Pacemakers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/372—Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
- A61N1/375—Constructional arrangements, e.g. casings
- A61N1/37516—Intravascular implants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/372—Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
- A61N1/375—Constructional arrangements, e.g. casings
- A61N1/37518—Anchoring of the implants, e.g. fixation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to implantable medical devices which are controlled by a wireless signal that is received by the device, and more particularly to cardiac stimulation devices that are implantable in a vein or artery.
- a remedy for people with slowed or disrupted natural heart activity is to
- cardiac pacing device which is a small electronic apparatus that stimulates
- the heart to beat at regular rates.
- the pacing device is implanted in the patient's chest and has sensor
- Electrodes that detect electrical impulses associated with in the heart contractions.
- sensed impulses are analyzed to determine when abnormal cardiac activity occurs, in
- U.S. Patent No. 6,445,953 describes a cardiac pacemaker that has a pacing device, which can be located outside the patient, to detect abnormal electrical cardiac
- the pacing device emits a radio frequency signal, that is received by a stimulator implanted in a vein or artery of the patient's heart.
- the radio frequency signal induces a voltage pulse in an antenna on the stimulator and that pulse is applied across a pair of electrodes, thereby stimulating adjacent muscles and
- the stimulator in that wireless system is powered by the energy of the received signal thus requiring that the pacing device transmit a relatively strong radio frequency signal in order to provide adequate energy to the stimulator implanted deep in the patient's chest. It is desirable to place the stimulator in a blood vessel located
- a medical device such as a cardiac pacing device or an implanted defibrillator for example, includes an antenna assembly with an intravascular coil for engaging a wall of a first blood vessel to receive a radio frequency signal.
- the coil has a first end and a
- a first winding of the coil is wound helically in a rotational direction along a longitudinal axis from a first terminus at the first end to the second end, and a second winding connected to the a first winding at the second end and wound helically in that same rotational direction along a longitudinal axis from the second end to a second terminus at the first end.
- the medical device also has an electronic circuit implanted in the patient and connected to receive an electrical signal from the receiver antenna assembly.
- the electronic circuit determines when stimulation of the heart is required and applies a voltage pulse to tissue of the heart.
- the preferred embodiment of the medical device also includes a transmitter antenna outside the patient and a transmitter that generates a radio frequency signal which is applied to the transmitter antenna.
- the antenna assembly includes a detector
- a storage device in the electronic circuit is connected to the detector for storing electrical energy derived from the radio frequency signal to provide electricity
- Another aspect of the present invention is to implant the antenna assembly in a
- the longitudinal axis of the windings of the antenna assembly are substantially parallel with the axis of the transmitter antenna or its generated field to optimize signal coupling there between.
- a conductor extends from
- FIGURE 1 is a representation of a cardiac pacing system attached to a medical patient
- FIGURE 2 is an isometric cut-away view of the patient's blood vessels in which an receiver antenna, a stimulator and a stimulation electrode have been implanted at different locations;
- FIGURE 3 is a schematic diagram of a power source that transmits a radio frequency signal to the implanted components
- FIGURE 4 is a schematic diagram of the implanted circuitry of the cardiac pacing apparatus
- FIGURE 5 depicts the receiver antenna in a configuration during implantation
- FIGURE 6 illustrates the receiver antenna in a deployed configuration.
- a cardiac pacing system 10 for electrically
- stimulating a heart 12 to contract comprises an external power source 14 and a pacing apparatus 15 implanted in the circulatory system of a human medical patient.
- the pacing apparatus 15 receives a radio frequency (RF) signal from the power source 14
- the power source 14 comprises a radio
- the frequency transmitter 30 that is powered by a battery 32.
- the transmitter 30 periodically emits a signal at a predefined radio frequency that is applied to a transmitter antenna 34.
- the transmitter antenna 34 is a coil of wire within a band 36 that is placed around the patient's upper arm 28. Thus the antenna coil is wound around the patient's arm.
- the radio frequency signal merely is used to convey energy for powering the pacing apparatus 15 implanted in the patient.
- the transmitter 30 modulates the radio frequency signal with commands received from optional control
- circuits 35 that configure or control the operation of the pacing apparatus 15.
- the implanted pacing apparatus 15 includes an intravascular stimulator 16 located a vein or artery 18 in close proximity to the heart. Because of its electrical circuitry, the stimulator 16 is relatively large requiring a blood
- the stimulator 16 may be embedded in the superior or inferior vena cava. Electrical wires lead from the stimulator 16 through the cardiac vascular system to one or more locations in smaller blood vessels, e.g. the coronary sinus vein, at which stimulation of the heart is desired. At such locations, the electrical wires are connected to electrodes 20 and 21 implanted into the blood vessel walls.
- a receiver antenna 24 is implanted in a vein or artery 26 of the patient's upper right arm 28 at a location surrounded by the transmitter antenna 34 with the arm band 36. That arm vein or artery 26 is significantly closer to the skin and thus receiver antenna 24 picks up a
- the intravascular stimulator 16 has a body 40 similar to well-known expandable vascular stents that are employed to enlarge a restricted vein or artery.
- Such vascular stents have a generally tubular design that initially is collapsed to a relatively small diameter enabling them to pass freely through a blood vessel of a patient.
- the stimulator body 40 and the other components of the pacing apparatus 15 are implanted in the patient's circulatory system using a catheter and techniques similar to those employed to implant vascular stents.
- the stimulator 40 is encapsulated in a biocompatible waterproof capsule
- the stimulator body 40 has a pacing circuit 42 mounted thereon. Depending upon its proximity to the heart 12, the body 40 may
- the pacing circuit 42 includes a power supply 48 to which a micro-coaxial cable
- a stimulation control circuit 52 detects the electrical activity of the heart by means of two or more sensing electrodes 54 located either on the stimulator body 40 or implanted in blood vessels of the heart 12. In response to that cardiac electrical activity, the stimulation control circuit 52 determines when electrical pulses need to be applied to the heart to stimulate cardiac contractions to provide a proper heart rate. When such stimulation is desired, the stimulation control circuit 52 sends a control signal to a pulse circuit 56 that applies electrical voltage from the storage capacitor 50 across the stimulation electrodes 20 and 21 or 46. Alternatively when bipolar electrodes are employed as devices 20 and
- the electrical voltage is applied across the tissue contacts of each electrode.
- the pacing apparatus 15 utilizes a unique receiver antenna 24.
- the receiver antenna 24 comprises a coil 60 formed by an electrical conductor wound in a double helix.
- the coil 60 has a first terminus 61 at a first end 62 and a first
- helical winding 64 is wound in one rotational direction (e.g. clockwise) from that first
- the conductor loops into a second helical winding 66 that is wound
- the coil 60 is wound in the same direction when forming the double helix. However, viewed from either end of the coil 60, the first helical winding 64 extends from that end
- the first and second helical windings 64 and 66 have the same number of turns which results in every convolution of each helical winding crossing the other helical winding at two locations 67.
- the size of the coil 60 and the number of turns may differ depending upon the particular application in which the antenna is being utilized, one application for an implantable pacing device employs a coil 60 that has a diameter of five to six millimeters, a length of two inches when deployed, and twelve turns in each helical winding 64 and 66.
- the cross section of the wire used to wind the double helical coil 60 is selected to provide the desired spring coefficient.
- a coil made from round, or circular, wire has a
- the coil 60 is
- the coil is releasably attached to a catheter that is used to guide and place the antenna 24 at the desired location within the patient's vascular system.
- the catheter is operated to release the coil which, due to its resiliency, contracts longitudinally which increases its diameter, thereby springing into a shape
- the antenna 24 is preferably embedded in an artery or vein in the upper arm of the patient wherein the longitudinal axis 63 of the
- receiver coil 60 is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis or the field of the coil of the transmitter antenna 34 in the band 36 placed around the arm in Figure 1. That alignment maximizes the signal coupling between the two antenna coils.
- the termini 61 and 69 of the antenna coil 60 are connected to the inputs of a rectifier detector 70 which converts the radio frequency signal received by the coil 60 into a DC voltage at the output terminals 72 and 74.
- the rectifier detector 70 is colocated with the antenna 24 in the arm 28 of the patient.
- the output terminals 72 and 74 are connected to a micro-coaxial cable 49 that extends through the patient's circulatory system to the power supply 48 in the circuit 42 of the intravascular stimulator 16.
- the voltage received from the antenna 24 electrically powers the stimulator circuitry.
Abstract
A medical device, such as a cardiac pacing device for an animal, includes an intravascular antenna that has a first coil for engaging a wall of a first blood vessel to receive a radio frequency signal. The first coil includes a first winding wound helically in a rotational direction along a longitudinal axis from a first end of the coil to a second end. A second winding that is connected to the a first winding at the second end, is wound helically in the same rotational direction along the longitudinal axis from the second end to the first end. An electronic circuit is implanted in the animal and is connected to the antenna to receive an electrical signal therefrom.
Description
DOUBLE HELICAL ANTENNA ASSEMBLY FOR A WIRELESS INTRAVASCULAR MEDICAL DEVICE
Cross-reference to Related Applications Not Applicable
Statement Regarding Federally Sponsored Research or Development
Not Applicable
Background of the Invention
1. Field of the Invention
[0001] The present invention relates to implantable medical devices which are controlled by a wireless signal that is received by the device, and more particularly to cardiac stimulation devices that are implantable in a vein or artery.
2. Description of the Related Art
[0002] A remedy for people with slowed or disrupted natural heart activity is to
implant a cardiac pacing device which is a small electronic apparatus that stimulates
the heart to beat at regular rates.
[0003] Typically the pacing device is implanted in the patient's chest and has sensor
electrodes that detect electrical impulses associated with in the heart contractions. These
sensed impulses are analyzed to determine when abnormal cardiac activity occurs, in
which event a pulse generator is triggered to produce electrical pulses. Wires carry these
pulses to electrodes placed adjacent specific cardiac muscles, which when electrically stimulated contract the heart chambers. It is important that the stimulation electrodes be properly located to produce contraction of the heart chambers.
[UUU4J Modern cardiac pacing devices vary the stimulation to adapt the heart rate to the patient's level of activity, thereby mimicking the heart's natural activity. The pulse generator modifies that rate by tracking the activity of the sinus node of the heart or by responding to other sensor signals that indicate body motion or respiration rate.
[0005] U.S. Patent No. 6,445,953 describes a cardiac pacemaker that has a pacing device, which can be located outside the patient, to detect abnormal electrical cardiac
activity. In that event, the pacing device emits a radio frequency signal, that is received by a stimulator implanted in a vein or artery of the patient's heart. Specifically, the radio frequency signal induces a voltage pulse in an antenna on the stimulator and that pulse is applied across a pair of electrodes, thereby stimulating adjacent muscles and
contracting the heart.
[0006] The stimulator in that wireless system is powered by the energy of the received signal thus requiring that the pacing device transmit a relatively strong radio frequency signal in order to provide adequate energy to the stimulator implanted deep in the patient's chest. It is desirable to place the stimulator in a blood vessel located
closer to the skin of the patient with stimulation electrodes implanted in one or more
cardiac blood vessels and connected to the stimulator by wires extending through the electronic circuit circulatory system. This would enable more of the energy from the
frequency signal to reach the stimulator, however, the blood vessels close to the skin are not sufficiently large to accommodate the size of the stimulator.
Summary of the Invention
[0007] A medical device, such as a cardiac pacing device or an implanted defibrillator for example, includes an antenna assembly with an intravascular coil for engaging a wall
of a first blood vessel to receive a radio frequency signal. The coil has a first end and a
second end along a longitudinal axis. A first winding of the coil is wound helically in a rotational direction along a longitudinal axis from a first terminus at the first end to the second end, and a second winding connected to the a first winding at the second end and wound helically in that same rotational direction along a longitudinal axis from the second end to a second terminus at the first end.
[0008] The medical device also has an electronic circuit implanted in the patient and connected to receive an electrical signal from the receiver antenna assembly. In the case of a cardiac pacing device, the electronic circuit determines when stimulation of the heart is required and applies a voltage pulse to tissue of the heart.
[0009] The preferred embodiment of the medical device also includes a transmitter antenna outside the patient and a transmitter that generates a radio frequency signal which is applied to the transmitter antenna. The antenna assembly includes a detector
that rectifies the radio frequency signal received from the transmitter antenna to produce
a direct current. A storage device in the electronic circuit is connected to the detector for storing electrical energy derived from the radio frequency signal to provide electricity
for powering other components of the electronic circuit.
[0010] Another aspect of the present invention is to implant the antenna assembly in a
blood vessel of a limb or the neck of the patient and place the transmitter antenna so that it is positioned around the limb or neck. Ideally the longitudinal axis of the windings of the antenna assembly are substantially parallel with the axis of the transmitter antenna or its generated field to optimize signal coupling there between. A conductor extends from
the antenna assembly through the patient's vascular system to the stimulator.
Brief Description of the Drawings
[0011] FIGURE 1 is a representation of a cardiac pacing system attached to a medical patient;
[0012] FIGURE 2 is an isometric cut-away view of the patient's blood vessels in which an receiver antenna, a stimulator and a stimulation electrode have been implanted at different locations;
[0013] FIGURE 3 is a schematic diagram of a power source that transmits a radio frequency signal to the implanted components;
[0014] FIGURE 4 is a schematic diagram of the implanted circuitry of the cardiac pacing apparatus;
[0015] FIGURE 5 depicts the receiver antenna in a configuration during implantation;
and
[0016] FIGURE 6 illustrates the receiver antenna in a deployed configuration.
Detailed Description of the Invention
[0017] With initial reference to Figure 1, a cardiac pacing system 10 for electrically
stimulating a heart 12 to contract comprises an external power source 14 and a pacing apparatus 15 implanted in the circulatory system of a human medical patient. The pacing apparatus 15 receives a radio frequency (RF) signal from the power source 14
worn outside the patient and the implanted electrical circuitry is electrically powered from the energy of that signal.
[0018] With additional reference to Figure 3, the power source 14 comprises a radio
frequency transmitter 30 that is powered by a battery 32. The transmitter 30 periodically emits a signal at a predefined radio frequency that is applied to a transmitter antenna 34. The transmitter antenna 34 is a coil of wire within a band 36 that is placed around the patient's upper arm 28. Thus the antenna coil is wound around the patient's arm. Alternatively another limb or area of the body, such as the neck, with an adequately
sized blood vessel close to the skin surface of the human medical patient can be used. In a basic version of the cardiac pacing system 10, the radio frequency signal merely is used to convey energy for powering the pacing apparatus 15 implanted in the patient. In a more sophisticated version of the cardiac pacing system 10, the transmitter 30 modulates the radio frequency signal with commands received from optional control
circuits 35 that configure or control the operation of the pacing apparatus 15.
[0019] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the implanted pacing apparatus 15 includes an intravascular stimulator 16 located a vein or artery 18 in close proximity to the heart. Because of its electrical circuitry, the stimulator 16 is relatively large requiring a blood
vessel that is larger than the arm vein, e.g. the basilic vein which is approximately five millimeters in diameter. As a result, the stimulator 16 may be embedded in the superior or inferior vena cava. Electrical wires lead from the stimulator 16 through the cardiac vascular system to one or more locations in smaller blood vessels, e.g. the coronary sinus vein, at which stimulation of the heart is desired. At such locations, the electrical wires are connected to electrodes 20 and 21 implanted into the blood vessel walls.
[0020] Because the stimulator 16 of the pacing apparatus 15 is near the heart and relatively deep in the chest of the human medical patient, a receiver antenna 24 is
implanted in a vein or artery 26 of the patient's upper right arm 28 at a location surrounded by the transmitter antenna 34 with the arm band 36. That arm vein or artery 26 is significantly closer to the skin and thus receiver antenna 24 picks up a
greater amount of the energy of the radio frequency signal emitted by the power source 14, than if the receiver antenna was located on the stimulator 16.
[0021] As illustrated in Figure 2, the intravascular stimulator 16 has a body 40 similar to well-known expandable vascular stents that are employed to enlarge a restricted vein or artery. Such vascular stents have a generally tubular design that initially is collapsed to a relatively small diameter enabling them to pass freely through a blood vessel of a patient. The stimulator body 40 and the other components of the pacing apparatus 15 are implanted in the patient's circulatory system using a catheter and techniques similar to those employed to implant vascular stents. In an additional
embodiment, the stimulator 40 is encapsulated in a biocompatible waterproof capsule
floating in the bloodstream of the vessel which has significantly larger diameter. From the capsule multiple micro-coaxial cables are connected to a plurality of bipolar
electrodes in small cardiac blood vessels.
[0022] With reference to Figures 2 and 4, the stimulator body 40 has a pacing circuit 42 mounted thereon. Depending upon its proximity to the heart 12, the body 40 may
have a stimulation electrode 46 in the form of a ring encircles the body. Alternatively, when the stimulator is relatively remote from the heart 12 the stimulation electrode 46 is replaced by a second stimulation electrode 21 (Figure 1) located in a small cardiac blood vessel. The pacing circuit 42 includes a power supply 48 to which a micro-coaxial cable
49 from the receiver antenna 24 is connected. The power supply 48 utilizes electricity
from that antenna to charge a storage capacitor 50 that provides electrical power to the other components of the pacing circuit 42. A stimulation control circuit 52, of a conventional design, detects the electrical activity of the heart by means of two or more sensing electrodes 54 located either on the stimulator body 40 or implanted in blood vessels of the heart 12. In response to that cardiac electrical activity, the stimulation control circuit 52 determines when electrical pulses need to be applied to the heart to stimulate cardiac contractions to provide a proper heart rate. When such stimulation is desired, the stimulation control circuit 52 sends a control signal to a pulse circuit 56 that applies electrical voltage from the storage capacitor 50 across the stimulation electrodes 20 and 21 or 46. Alternatively when bipolar electrodes are employed as devices 20 and
21, the electrical voltage is applied across the tissue contacts of each electrode.
[0023] The pacing apparatus 15 utilizes a unique receiver antenna 24. With reference to Figure 5, the receiver antenna 24 comprises a coil 60 formed by an electrical conductor wound in a double helix. The coil 60 has a first terminus 61 at a first end 62 and a first
helical winding 64 is wound in one rotational direction (e.g. clockwise) from that first
terminus along a longitudinal axis 63 to an opposite second end 65 of the antenna coil. At the second end 65, the conductor loops into a second helical winding 66 that is wound
in the same rotational direction going from the second end 65 back to the first end 62 where the second helical winding ends at a second terminus 69. Thus the conductor of
the coil 60 is wound in the same direction when forming the double helix. However, viewed from either end of the coil 60, the first helical winding 64 extends from that end
in one rotational direction and the second helical winding 66 extends from that same end in the opposite rotational direction so that convolutions of the helical windings cross each
other. In the preferred embodiment illustrated in Figure 5, the first and second helical windings 64 and 66 have the same number of turns which results in every convolution of each helical winding crossing the other helical winding at two locations 67. Although the size of the coil 60 and the number of turns may differ depending upon the particular application in which the antenna is being utilized, one application for an implantable pacing device employs a coil 60 that has a diameter of five to six millimeters, a length of two inches when deployed, and twelve turns in each helical winding 64 and 66.
[0024] The cross section of the wire used to wind the double helical coil 60 is selected to provide the desired spring coefficient. A coil made from round, or circular, wire has a
uniform spring coefficient whereas a ribbon (wire with a rectangular cross section) exhibits different resistances to axial versus radial deformation. Various other cross
sectional shapes can be used.
[0025] To implant the antenna 24 in a vein or artery of a patient, the coil 60 is
stretched longitudinal which reduces its diameter, as depicted in Figure 6. In this state the coil is releasably attached to a catheter that is used to guide and place the antenna 24 at the desired location within the patient's vascular system. When the antenna has been properly located, the catheter is operated to release the coil which, due to its resiliency, contracts longitudinally which increases its diameter, thereby springing into a shape
illustrated in Figure 5. When the coil 60 is in the deployed or contracted state the spacing between corresponding points 68 on adjacent convolutions is at least five times the width of the coil's conductor. In this expanded, or deployed, state the windings 64
and 66 are embedded into the wall of the blood vessel 26, as seen in Figure 2, thereby
securing the antenna 24 at that location. The antenna 24 is preferably embedded in an
artery or vein in the upper arm of the patient wherein the longitudinal axis 63 of the
receiver coil 60 is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis or the field of the coil of the transmitter antenna 34 in the band 36 placed around the arm in Figure 1. That alignment maximizes the signal coupling between the two antenna coils.
[0026] With reference to Figure 4, the termini 61 and 69 of the antenna coil 60 are connected to the inputs of a rectifier detector 70 which converts the radio frequency signal received by the coil 60 into a DC voltage at the output terminals 72 and 74. Preferably the rectifier detector 70 is colocated with the antenna 24 in the arm 28 of the patient. The output terminals 72 and 74 are connected to a micro-coaxial cable 49 that extends through the patient's circulatory system to the power supply 48 in the circuit 42 of the intravascular stimulator 16. As previously described, the voltage received from the antenna 24 electrically powers the stimulator circuitry. By converting the radio
frequency signal to a direct current at the remotely located antenna 24, the significant losses associated with sending a radio frequency signal in a wire extending through the
vascular system are avoided.
[0027] The foregoing description was primarily directed to a preferred embodiments of the invention. Even though some attention was given to various alternatives within the scope of the invention, it is anticipated that one skilled in the art will likely realize additional alternatives that are now apparent from disclosure of embodiments of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the
following claims and not limited by the above disclosure.
Claims
1. A medical device comprising: an antenna assembly having a first coil for engaging tissue inside an animal and for receiving a radio frequency signal, wherein the first coil has a first end and a second end spaced along a longitudinal axis, and includes a first winding wound helically from the first end to the second end, and a second winding connected to the a first winding at the second end and wound helically from the second end to the first end; and an electronic circuit implanted in the animal and connected to the antenna assembly and receiving an electrical signal therefrom.
2. The medical device as recited in claim 1 wherein the first winding and the second winding are wound in one rotational direction around the longitudinal axis.
3. The medical device as recited in claim 1 wherein the first coil has only two
windings.
4. The medical device as recited in claim 1 wherein the first winding and the second winding are each formed by a plurality of convolutions of a conductor, wherein both of the first winding and the second winding have a spacing between corresponding
points on adjacent convolutions that is at least five times the width of the conductor.
5. The medical device as recited in claim 1 wherein the first coil is stretchable along the longitudinal axis which reduces the first coil diametrically for insertion into the animal, and is contractible along the longitudinal axis which causes diametric
expansion to implant the first coil against the tissue of the animal.
6. The medical device as recited in claim 1 wherein the antenna assembly further comprises a detector connected to the first winding and the second winding for converting radio frequency signal into a direct current.
7. The medical device as recited in claim 1 wherein the antenna assembly is implanted into a first blood vessel of the animal, and the electronic circuit is implanted in a second blood vessel that is remote from the first blood vessel, and is connected to
the antenna assembly by a conductor that extends through the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel.
8. The medical device as recited in claim 1 further comprising a power source for placement outside the animal, and having transmitter antenna and a transmitter that
generates a radio frequency signal which is applied to the transmitter antenna.
9. The medical device as recited in claim 8 wherein the antenna assembly is located in a limb or an neck of the animal and the transmitter antenna is adjacent the limb or neck.
10. The medical device as recited in claim 9 wherein the transmitter antenna has a second coil that is wound around the limb or neck.
11. The medical device as recited in claim 8 wherein the transmitter antenna has a second coil that is wound along a given axis that is substantially parallel to the
longitudinal axis of the first coil of the antenna assembly.
12. The medical device as recited in claim 1 wherein the coil is formed by a conductor with a non-circular cross section.
13. The medical device recited in claim 1 wherein the electronic circuit comprises: a plurality of electrodes each in contact with tissue of the animal; an electrical storage device for storing electrical energy from the radio frequency signal received by the antenna assembly; a stimulation control circuit which determines when stimulation of tissue of the animal is needed; and a pulse circuit which responds to the stimulation control circuit by applying voltage from the electrical storage device across the plurality of electrodes.
14. A medical device comprising: an antenna having a first coil for engaging a wall of a first blood vessel of an animal to receive a radio frequency signal, wherein the first coil has a first end and a
second end, and includes a first winding wound helically in a rotational direction along a longitudinal axis from a first terminus at the first end to the second end, and a second winding connected to the a first winding at the second end and wound helically in the rotational direction along the longitudinal axis from the second end to a second terminus at the first end;
a detector connected to the first coil for converting the radio frequency signal into a direct current;
an electrical storage device connected to the detector for storing electrical energy;
a plurality of electrodes in contact with at least one blood vessel of the animal; a stimulation control circuit which determines when stimulation of tissue of the animal is needed; and
a pulse circuit which responds to the stimulation control circuit by applying voltage from the electrical storage device across the plurality of electrodes.
15. The medical device as recited in claim 14 wherein the detector is located adjacent the antenna in the first blood vessel, and electronic circuit is implanted in a second blood vessel and is connected to the detector by a conductor that extends through the first blood vessel and the second blood vessel.
16. The medical device as recited in claim 14 further comprising a power source for placement outside the animal and having transmitter antenna and a transmitter that generates a radio frequency signal which is applied to the transmitter
antenna.
17. The medical device as recited in claim 16 wherein the transmitter antenna has a second coil that is wound along a given axis that is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the first coil of the antenna.
18. A medical device comprising: an antenna assembly having a first coil for engaging a wall of a first blood vessel of an animal to receive a radio frequency signal
an electronic circuit implanted in the animal remotely from the first blood vessel
and connected to the antenna assembly to receive an electrical signal therefrom; and a power source for placement outside the animal and having transmitter antenna and a transmitter that generates a radio frequency signal which is applied to the transmitter antenna.
19. The medical device as recited in claim 18 wherein the first coil has a first end and a second end, and includes a first winding wound helically in a rotational
direction about a longitudinal axis from a first terminus at the first end to the second end, and a second winding connected to the a first winding at the second end and wound helically in the rotational direction about the longitudinal axis from the second end to a second terminus at the first end.
20. The medical device as recited in claim 19 wherein the second coil that is wound along a given axis that is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the first coil of the antenna assembly.
21. The medical device as recited in claim 18 wherein the first blood vessel,
in which the antenna assembly, is located is in a limb or a neck of the animal; and the transmitter antenna has a second coil that is wound around the limb or neck.
22. The medical device as recited in claim 18 wherein the antenna assembly
further comprises a detector located adjacent and connected to first coil for converting radio frequency signal into a direct current.
23. The medical device as recited in claim 1 wherein first coil is adapted to engage a wall of a blood vessel inside the animal.
24. A medical device for implantation into an animal, said medical device comprising: an electronic circuit adapted for implanting into the animal; and an antenna connected to the electronic circuit and having coil of electrically conductive material, wherein the coil has a collapsed state to enable insertion into the
animal and an expanded state in which the coil engages tissue inside the animal to secure
the antenna in place.
25. The medical device as recited in claim 24 wherein the coil of the antenna has
a first end and a second end spaced along a longitudinal axis, and comprises a first
winding wound helically from the first end to the second end, and a second winding
connected to the a first winding at the second end and wound helically from the second end to the first end.
26. The medical device as recited in claim 25 wherein the first winding and the
second winding are wound in one rotational direction around the longitudinal axis.
27. The medical device as recited in claim 25 wherein the first coil is stretchable along the longitudinal axis which reduces the first coil diametrically for insertion into the animal, and is contractible along the longitudinal axis which causes diametric
expansion to implant the first coil into the tissue of the animal.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/166,889 | 2005-06-24 | ||
US11/166,889 US7295879B2 (en) | 2005-06-24 | 2005-06-24 | Double helical antenna assembly for a wireless intravascular medical device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2007001871A1 true WO2007001871A1 (en) | 2007-01-04 |
Family
ID=37114315
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2006/023254 WO2007001871A1 (en) | 2005-06-24 | 2006-06-15 | Double helical antenna assembly for a wireless intravascular medical device |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7295879B2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007001871A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (55)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20090076343A1 (en) | 2007-09-14 | 2009-03-19 | Corventis, Inc. | Energy Management for Adherent Patient Monitor |
WO2009036306A1 (en) | 2007-09-14 | 2009-03-19 | Corventis, Inc. | Adherent cardiac monitor with advanced sensing capabilities |
US8790257B2 (en) | 2007-09-14 | 2014-07-29 | Corventis, Inc. | Multi-sensor patient monitor to detect impending cardiac decompensation |
US8684925B2 (en) | 2007-09-14 | 2014-04-01 | Corventis, Inc. | Injectable device for physiological monitoring |
WO2009036313A1 (en) | 2007-09-14 | 2009-03-19 | Corventis, Inc. | Adherent device with multiple physiological sensors |
EP2200512A1 (en) | 2007-09-14 | 2010-06-30 | Corventis, Inc. | Adherent device for respiratory monitoring and sleep disordered breathing |
US8897868B2 (en) | 2007-09-14 | 2014-11-25 | Medtronic, Inc. | Medical device automatic start-up upon contact to patient tissue |
US8019419B1 (en) * | 2007-09-25 | 2011-09-13 | Dorin Panescu | Methods and apparatus for leadless, battery-less, wireless stimulation of tissue |
WO2009114548A1 (en) | 2008-03-12 | 2009-09-17 | Corventis, Inc. | Heart failure decompensation prediction based on cardiac rhythm |
US8412317B2 (en) | 2008-04-18 | 2013-04-02 | Corventis, Inc. | Method and apparatus to measure bioelectric impedance of patient tissue |
US20100280568A1 (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-11-04 | Cherik Bulkes | Implantable High Efficiency Energy Transfer Module With Near-Field Inductive Coupling |
US8790259B2 (en) | 2009-10-22 | 2014-07-29 | Corventis, Inc. | Method and apparatus for remote detection and monitoring of functional chronotropic incompetence |
US9451897B2 (en) | 2009-12-14 | 2016-09-27 | Medtronic Monitoring, Inc. | Body adherent patch with electronics for physiologic monitoring |
US8965498B2 (en) | 2010-04-05 | 2015-02-24 | Corventis, Inc. | Method and apparatus for personalized physiologic parameters |
US9610450B2 (en) | 2010-07-30 | 2017-04-04 | Medtronics, Inc. | Antenna for an implantable medical device |
US9333365B2 (en) | 2010-07-30 | 2016-05-10 | Medtronic, Inc. | Antenna for an implantable medical device |
US9457186B2 (en) | 2010-11-15 | 2016-10-04 | Bluewind Medical Ltd. | Bilateral feedback |
US20150018728A1 (en) | 2012-01-26 | 2015-01-15 | Bluewind Medical Ltd. | Wireless neurostimulators |
WO2014087337A1 (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2014-06-12 | Bluewind Medical Ltd. | Delivery of implantable neurostimulators |
US10396446B2 (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2019-08-27 | University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Dual function helix antenna |
EP3046621B1 (en) | 2013-09-16 | 2021-05-26 | The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University | Multi-element coupler for generation of electromagnetic energy |
EP4074273A1 (en) | 2014-05-18 | 2022-10-19 | NeuSpera Medical Inc. | Midfield coupler |
US20160336813A1 (en) | 2015-05-15 | 2016-11-17 | NeuSpera Medical Inc. | Midfield coupler |
US10674928B2 (en) | 2014-07-17 | 2020-06-09 | Medtronic, Inc. | Leadless pacing system including sensing extension |
US9399140B2 (en) | 2014-07-25 | 2016-07-26 | Medtronic, Inc. | Atrial contraction detection by a ventricular leadless pacing device for atrio-synchronous ventricular pacing |
US9724519B2 (en) | 2014-11-11 | 2017-08-08 | Medtronic, Inc. | Ventricular leadless pacing device mode switching |
US9492669B2 (en) | 2014-11-11 | 2016-11-15 | Medtronic, Inc. | Mode switching by a ventricular leadless pacing device |
US9492668B2 (en) | 2014-11-11 | 2016-11-15 | Medtronic, Inc. | Mode switching by a ventricular leadless pacing device |
US9623234B2 (en) | 2014-11-11 | 2017-04-18 | Medtronic, Inc. | Leadless pacing device implantation |
US9289612B1 (en) | 2014-12-11 | 2016-03-22 | Medtronic Inc. | Coordination of ventricular pacing in a leadless pacing system |
US10004896B2 (en) | 2015-01-21 | 2018-06-26 | Bluewind Medical Ltd. | Anchors and implant devices |
US9764146B2 (en) | 2015-01-21 | 2017-09-19 | Bluewind Medical Ltd. | Extracorporeal implant controllers |
US9597521B2 (en) | 2015-01-21 | 2017-03-21 | Bluewind Medical Ltd. | Transmitting coils for neurostimulation |
US9682239B2 (en) | 2015-02-06 | 2017-06-20 | Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. | Systems and methods for treating cardiac arrhythmias |
US20180092763A1 (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2018-04-05 | Enopace Biomedical Ltd. | Antenna for use with an intravascular device |
US9782589B2 (en) | 2015-06-10 | 2017-10-10 | Bluewind Medical Ltd. | Implantable electrostimulator for improving blood flow |
US10105540B2 (en) | 2015-11-09 | 2018-10-23 | Bluewind Medical Ltd. | Optimization of application of current |
US9713707B2 (en) | 2015-11-12 | 2017-07-25 | Bluewind Medical Ltd. | Inhibition of implant migration |
CN108472485B (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2021-07-30 | 美敦力公司 | Compact implantable medical device and delivery device |
US11207527B2 (en) | 2016-07-06 | 2021-12-28 | Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. | Method and system for determining an atrial contraction timing fiducial in a leadless cardiac pacemaker system |
US20180042553A1 (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2018-02-15 | Pacesetter, Inc. | Implantable Device with a Tail Extension Including Embedded Sensor and Antenna |
US10124178B2 (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2018-11-13 | Bluewind Medical Ltd. | Implant and delivery tool therefor |
AU2018237050B2 (en) | 2017-03-20 | 2020-03-12 | Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. | Leadless pacing device for treating cardiac arrhythmias |
US10994148B2 (en) | 2017-03-20 | 2021-05-04 | Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. | Systems and methods for treating cardiac arrhythmias |
US11160989B2 (en) | 2017-03-20 | 2021-11-02 | Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. | Systems and methods for treating cardiac arrhythmias |
AU2018239251B2 (en) | 2017-03-20 | 2020-03-26 | Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. | Leadless pacing device for treating cardiac arrhythmias |
US20180353764A1 (en) | 2017-06-13 | 2018-12-13 | Bluewind Medical Ltd. | Antenna configuration |
US10583300B2 (en) | 2017-07-27 | 2020-03-10 | Pacesetter, Inc. | Leadless implantable medical device with fixation antenna member |
US10894167B2 (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2021-01-19 | Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. | Implantable medical device for vascular deployment |
CN111491694A (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2020-08-04 | 心脏起搏器股份公司 | Implantable medical device for vascular deployment |
WO2020205397A1 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-08 | Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. | Systems and methods for treating cardiac arrhythmias |
CN113660977A (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2021-11-16 | 心脏起搏器股份公司 | System and method for treating cardiac arrhythmias |
EP4028117B1 (en) | 2019-09-11 | 2024-04-24 | Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. | Systems for implanting and/or retrieving a leadless cardiac pacing device with helix fixation |
CN114364431A (en) | 2019-09-11 | 2022-04-15 | 心脏起搏器股份公司 | Tool and system for implanting and/or retrieving a leadless cardiac pacing device having a helical fixation member |
US11400299B1 (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2022-08-02 | Rainbow Medical Ltd. | Flexible antenna for stimulator |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999026530A1 (en) * | 1997-11-25 | 1999-06-03 | Cimochowski George E | Endoluminal implant with parameter sensing capability |
US6141588A (en) * | 1998-07-24 | 2000-10-31 | Intermedics Inc. | Cardiac simulation system having multiple stimulators for anti-arrhythmia therapy |
WO2001063001A2 (en) * | 2000-02-25 | 2001-08-30 | Boston Scientific Limited | Laser deposition process |
US6445953B1 (en) | 2001-01-16 | 2002-09-03 | Kenergy, Inc. | Wireless cardiac pacing system with vascular electrode-stents |
US6505072B1 (en) * | 2000-11-16 | 2003-01-07 | Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. | Implantable electronic stimulator having isolation transformer input to telemetry circuits |
US6515346B1 (en) * | 2002-01-02 | 2003-02-04 | Zoltan A. Kemeny | Microbar and method of its making |
US20050088357A1 (en) * | 2003-10-24 | 2005-04-28 | Medtronic Minimed, Inc. | System and method for multiple antennas having a single core |
Family Cites Families (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4494950A (en) * | 1982-01-19 | 1985-01-22 | The Johns Hopkins University | Plural module medication delivery system |
US5170802A (en) | 1991-01-07 | 1992-12-15 | Medtronic, Inc. | Implantable electrode for location within a blood vessel |
JPH05245215A (en) | 1992-03-03 | 1993-09-24 | Terumo Corp | Heart pace maker |
US5318557A (en) * | 1992-07-13 | 1994-06-07 | Elan Medical Technologies Limited | Medication administering device |
AU5295493A (en) | 1992-10-01 | 1994-04-26 | Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. | Stent-type defibrillation electrode structures |
DE69623373T2 (en) * | 1995-04-05 | 2003-06-05 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | Portable receiver with an antenna |
US5713939A (en) * | 1996-09-16 | 1998-02-03 | Sulzer Intermedics Inc. | Data communication system for control of transcutaneous energy transmission to an implantable medical device |
US5741316A (en) * | 1996-12-02 | 1998-04-21 | Light Sciences Limited Partnership | Electromagnetic coil configurations for power transmission through tissue |
US5814089A (en) * | 1996-12-18 | 1998-09-29 | Medtronic, Inc. | Leadless multisite implantable stimulus and diagnostic system |
US5954761A (en) | 1997-03-25 | 1999-09-21 | Intermedics Inc. | Implantable endocardial lead assembly having a stent |
ES2224420T3 (en) * | 1997-08-01 | 2005-03-01 | Alfred E. Mann Foundation For Scientific Research | IMPLANTABLE DEVICE WITH IMPROVED POWER AND BATTERY RECHARGE CONFIGURATION. |
US6138681A (en) * | 1997-10-13 | 2000-10-31 | Light Sciences Limited Partnership | Alignment of external medical device relative to implanted medical device |
US6231516B1 (en) * | 1997-10-14 | 2001-05-15 | Vacusense, Inc. | Endoluminal implant with therapeutic and diagnostic capability |
US6431175B1 (en) * | 1997-12-30 | 2002-08-13 | Remon Medical Technologies Ltd. | System and method for directing and monitoring radiation |
US5995874A (en) * | 1998-02-09 | 1999-11-30 | Dew Engineering And Development Limited | Transcutaneous energy transfer device |
US6026818A (en) * | 1998-03-02 | 2000-02-22 | Blair Port Ltd. | Tag and detection device |
EP1100373B1 (en) * | 1998-08-02 | 2008-09-03 | Super Dimension Ltd. | Intrabody navigation system for medical applications |
US6206835B1 (en) * | 1999-03-24 | 2001-03-27 | The B. F. Goodrich Company | Remotely interrogated diagnostic implant device with electrically passive sensor |
US20020026228A1 (en) | 1999-11-30 | 2002-02-28 | Patrick Schauerte | Electrode for intravascular stimulation, cardioversion and/or defibrillation |
US6561975B1 (en) * | 2000-04-19 | 2003-05-13 | Medtronic, Inc. | Method and apparatus for communicating with medical device systems |
US6516230B2 (en) * | 2000-04-26 | 2003-02-04 | Medtronic, Inc. | Medical electrical lead with fiber core |
US6442413B1 (en) * | 2000-05-15 | 2002-08-27 | James H. Silver | Implantable sensor |
US7616997B2 (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2009-11-10 | Kieval Robert S | Devices and methods for cardiovascular reflex control via coupled electrodes |
US7096068B2 (en) * | 2002-01-17 | 2006-08-22 | Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. | User-attachable or detachable telemetry module for medical devices |
US7236821B2 (en) * | 2002-02-19 | 2007-06-26 | Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. | Chronically-implanted device for sensing and therapy |
US8176922B2 (en) * | 2004-06-29 | 2012-05-15 | Depuy Products, Inc. | System and method for bidirectional communication with an implantable medical device using an implant component as an antenna |
-
2005
- 2005-06-24 US US11/166,889 patent/US7295879B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-06-15 WO PCT/US2006/023254 patent/WO2007001871A1/en active Application Filing
-
2007
- 2007-04-17 US US11/736,227 patent/US7711434B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999026530A1 (en) * | 1997-11-25 | 1999-06-03 | Cimochowski George E | Endoluminal implant with parameter sensing capability |
US6141588A (en) * | 1998-07-24 | 2000-10-31 | Intermedics Inc. | Cardiac simulation system having multiple stimulators for anti-arrhythmia therapy |
WO2001063001A2 (en) * | 2000-02-25 | 2001-08-30 | Boston Scientific Limited | Laser deposition process |
US6505072B1 (en) * | 2000-11-16 | 2003-01-07 | Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. | Implantable electronic stimulator having isolation transformer input to telemetry circuits |
US6445953B1 (en) | 2001-01-16 | 2002-09-03 | Kenergy, Inc. | Wireless cardiac pacing system with vascular electrode-stents |
US6515346B1 (en) * | 2002-01-02 | 2003-02-04 | Zoltan A. Kemeny | Microbar and method of its making |
US20050088357A1 (en) * | 2003-10-24 | 2005-04-28 | Medtronic Minimed, Inc. | System and method for multiple antennas having a single core |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20060293718A1 (en) | 2006-12-28 |
US7295879B2 (en) | 2007-11-13 |
US20070185538A1 (en) | 2007-08-09 |
US7711434B2 (en) | 2010-05-04 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7295879B2 (en) | Double helical antenna assembly for a wireless intravascular medical device | |
US7310556B2 (en) | Implantable medical stimulation apparatus with intra-conductor capacitive energy storage | |
US7003350B2 (en) | Intravenous cardiac pacing system with wireless power supply | |
US10252063B2 (en) | Leadless intra-cardiac medical device with built-in telemetry system | |
US7826903B2 (en) | Radio frequency antenna for a wireless intravascular medical device | |
US20190255336A1 (en) | Wireless tissue electrostimulation | |
US9669223B2 (en) | System for leadless pacing of the heart | |
US7532932B2 (en) | Implantable medical apparatus having an omnidirectional antenna for receiving radio frequency signals | |
JP5265670B2 (en) | System and method for intravenously securing an implantable medical device | |
US20060241732A1 (en) | Catheter system for implanting an intravascular medical device | |
US7848823B2 (en) | Cardiac stimulation system | |
US20100280568A1 (en) | Implantable High Efficiency Energy Transfer Module With Near-Field Inductive Coupling | |
US20070288076A1 (en) | Biological tissue stimulator with flexible electrode carrier | |
US20070106357A1 (en) | Intravascular Electronics Carrier Electrode for a Transvascular Tissue Stimulation System | |
US20060074449A1 (en) | Intravascular stimulation system with wireless power supply | |
EP4212207A1 (en) | Implantable medical device for emitting an electrical stimulation signal to perform a therapeutic action |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 06784905 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |