WO2006135757A1 - Crystalline forms of carvedilol and processes for their preparation - Google Patents

Crystalline forms of carvedilol and processes for their preparation Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2006135757A1
WO2006135757A1 PCT/US2006/022499 US2006022499W WO2006135757A1 WO 2006135757 A1 WO2006135757 A1 WO 2006135757A1 US 2006022499 W US2006022499 W US 2006022499W WO 2006135757 A1 WO2006135757 A1 WO 2006135757A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
carvedilol
present
peaks
sodium
crystalline form
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2006/022499
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Igor Lifshitz
Shlomit Wizel
Original Assignee
Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
Teva Pharmaceuticals Usa, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., Teva Pharmaceuticals Usa, Inc. filed Critical Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
Priority to EP06772705A priority Critical patent/EP1781611A1/en
Publication of WO2006135757A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006135757A1/en
Priority to IL185733A priority patent/IL185733A0/en

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D209/56—Ring systems containing three or more rings
    • C07D209/80—[b, c]- or [b, d]-condensed
    • C07D209/82—Carbazoles; Hydrogenated carbazoles
    • C07D209/88—Carbazoles; Hydrogenated carbazoles with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
    • A61K31/403—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. carbazole
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
    • C07B2200/13—Crystalline forms, e.g. polymorphs

Definitions

  • This invention relates to crystalline forms of carvedilol.
  • Carvedilol ( ⁇ )- 1 -(Carbazol-4-yloxy)-3 - [ [2-(o-methoxyphenoxy)ethyl] amino] -2- propanol, is a nonselective (3-adrenergic blocker with a. ⁇ -blocking activity.
  • Carvedilol is a racemic mixture having the following structural formula:
  • Carvedilol is the active ingredient of COREG ® , which is indicated for the treatment of congestive heart failure and for the management of hypertension. Since carvedilol is a multiple-action drug, its beta-blocking activity affects the response to certain nerve impulses in parts of the body. As a result, beta-blockers decrease the heart's need for blood and oxygen by reducing its workload. Carvedilol is also known to be a vasodilator resulting primarily from alpha-adrenoceptor blockade. The multiple actions of carvedilol are responsible for the antihypertensive efficacy of the drug and for its effectiveness in managing congestive heart failure.
  • the present invention relates to the solid state physical properties of carvedilol. These properties can be influenced by controlling the conditions under which carvedilol is obtained in solid form.
  • Solid state physical properties include, for example, the flowability of the milled solid. Flowability affects the ease with which the material is handled during processing into a pharmaceutical product. When particles of the powdered compound do not flow past each other easily, a formulation specialist must take that fact into account in developing a tablet or capsule formulation, which may necessitate the use of glidants such as colloidal silicon dioxide, talc, starch or tribasic calcium phosphate. Another important solid state property of a pharmaceutical compound is its rate of dissolution in aqueous fluid.
  • the rate of dissolution of an active ingredient in a patient's stomach fluid can have therapeutic consequences since it imposes an upper limit on the rate at which an orally-administered active ingredient can reach the patient's bloodstream.
  • the rate of dissolution is also a consideration in formulating syrups, elixirs and other liquid medicaments.
  • the solid state form of a compound may also affect its behavior on compaction and its storage stability.
  • polymorphic form may give rise to thermal behavior different from that of the amorphous material or another polymorphic form. Thermal behavior is measured in the laboratory by such techniques as capillary melting point, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) and can be used to distinguish some polymorphic forms from others.
  • TGA thermogravimetric analysis
  • DSC differential scanning calorimetric
  • a particular polymorphic form may also give rise to distinct spectroscopic properties that may be detectable by powder X-ray crystallography, solid state 13 C NMR spectrometry or infrared spectrometry.
  • the present invention also relates to solvates of carvedilol.
  • a substance crystallizes out of solution, it may trap molecules of solvent at regular intervals in the crystal lattice.
  • Solvation also affects utilitarian physical properties of the solid state like flowability and dissolution rate.
  • Other important properties relate to the ease of processing the form into pharmaceutical dosages, as the tendency of a powdered or granulated form to flow and the surface properties determine whether crystals of the form will adhere to each other when compacted into a tablet.
  • the present invention provides a crystalline form of carvedilol characterized by data selected from: X-ray powder diffraction pattern with peaks at about 4.3, 10.6, 11.1 , 15.6, and 21.2 ⁇ 0.2 degrees two-theta; and DSC thermogram with endothermic peaks at about 6O 0 C and 113 0 C.
  • FIGURES Figure 1 illustrates a PXRD pattern for the carvedilol Form of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 illustrates a DSC thermogram for the carvedilol Form of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a TGA thermogram for the carvedilol Form of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a PXRD pattern for carvedilol Form II.
  • the present invention provides a crystalline form of carvedilol characterized by data selected from: X-ray powder diffraction pattern with peaks at about 4.3, 10.6, 11.1, 15.6, and 21.2 ⁇ 0.2 degrees two-theta; and DSC thermogram with endothermic peaks at about 6O 0 C and 113 0 C
  • the above crystalline form may be further characterized by X-ray powder diffraction pattern with peaks at about 8.5, 10.1, 12.7, 13.6, 16.6, 17.0, 19.1, 19.9, 20.3, 25.0, 25.4 + 0.2 degrees two-theta.
  • the crystalline form of the present invention may further be characterized by TGA showing a weight loss of about 40% at the temperature range of 25-6O 0 C.
  • the crystalline form of the present invention maybe an ethyl acetate solvate.
  • the term "clean flask” refers to a flask, washed with an organic solvent.
  • the flask is washed with ethyl acetate to leave no traces of carvedilol seeds, which enables spontaneous crystallization of the crystals form of the present invention, when entering the supersaturation range.
  • the present invention provides a process for preparing the above crystalline form comprising: providing a solution of carvedilol in ethyl acetate, in a clean flask, cooling the solution to a temperature of less than about 10 0 C, to obtain a precipitate and recovering the crystalline form.
  • the solution is provided at a temperature of about 70 0 C to about 78 0 C, more preferably, at a temperature of about 70 0 C to about 75 0 C.
  • the solution is subjected to agitation.
  • the solution is cooled to a temperature of about O 0 C to about 5 0 C.
  • the present invention provides a process for preparing a crystalline carvedilol characterized by X-ray powder diffraction pattern with peaks at about 5.9, 14.9, 17.6, 18.5 and 24.4 ⁇ 0.2 degrees two-theta (Form II) comprising drying crystalline carvedilol characterized by X-ray powder diffraction pattern with peaks at about 4.3, 10.6, 11.1, 15.6, and 21.2 +0.2 degrees two-theta.
  • the drying is performed at a temperature of about 30 0 C to about 100 0 C, more preferably, at a temperature of about 40 0 C to about 60 0 C, most preferably, at a temperature of about 50 0 C.
  • the time required to obtain carvedilol Form II will vary depending upon, among other factors, the amount of the wet carvedilol form of the present invention to be dried and the drying temperature, and can be determined by taking periodic XRDs.
  • compositions of the present invention contain carvedilol form described above, optionally in mixture with other crystalline forms and/or other active ingredients such as hydrochlorothiazide. Ih addition to the active ingredient(s), the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention can contain one or more excipients. Excipients are added to the composition for a variety of purposes.
  • Diluents increase the bulk of a solid pharmaceutical composition and can make a pharmaceutical dosage form containing the composition easier for the patient and caregiver to handle.
  • Diluents for solid compositions include, for example, microcrystalline cellulose (e.g. Avicel ® ), microfine cellulose, lactose, starch, pregelatinized starch, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, sugar, dextrates, dextrin, dextrose, dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate, tribasic calcium phosphate, kaolin, magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide, maltodextrin, mannitol, polymethacrylates (e.g. Eudragit ® ), potassium chloride, powdered cellulose, sodium chloride, sorbitol and talc.
  • microcrystalline cellulose e.g. Avicel ®
  • microfine cellulose lactose
  • starch pregelatinized starch
  • calcium carbonate calcium sulfate
  • sugar dextrates
  • Solid pharmaceutical compositions that are compacted into a dosage form like a tablet can include excipients whose functions include helping to bind the active ingredient and- other excipients together after compression.
  • Binders for solid pharmaceutical compositions include at least one of acacia, alginic acid, carbomer (e.g. carbopol), carboxymethylcellulose sodium, dextrin, ethyl cellulose, gelatin, guar gum, hydrogenated vegetable oil, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose (e.g. Klucel ® ), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (e.g.
  • Methocel ® liquid glucose, magnesium aluminum silicate, maltodextrin, methylceHulose, polymethacrylates, povidone (e.g. Kollidon ® , Plasdone ® ), pregelatinized starch, sodium alginate, or starch.
  • povidone e.g. Kollidon ® , Plasdone ®
  • pregelatinized starch sodium alginate, or starch.
  • the dissolution rate of a compacted solid pharmaceutical composition in the patient's stomach can be increased by the addition of a disintegrant to the composition.
  • Disintegrants include, but are not limited to, alginic acid, carboxymethylcellulose calcium, carboxymethylcellulose sodium (e.g. Ac-Di-Sol@Primellose ® ), colloidal silicon dioxide, croscarmellose sodium, crospovidone (e.g. Kollidon ® , Polyplasdone ® ), guar gum, magnesium aluminum silicate, methyl cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, polacrilin potassium, powdered cellulose, pregelatinized starch, sodium alginate, sodium starch glycolate (e.g. Explotab ® ) or starch.
  • alginic acid include, but are not limited to, alginic acid, carboxymethylcellulose calcium, carboxymethylcellulose sodium (e.g. Ac-Di-Sol@Primellose ® ), colloidal silicon dioxide, croscarmellose sodium
  • Glidants can be added to improve the flow properties of non-compacted solid composition and improve the accuracy of dosing.
  • Excipients that can function as glidants include colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium trisilicate, powdered cellulose, starch, talc, and/or tribasic calcium phosphate.
  • glidants include colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium trisilicate, powdered cellulose, starch, talc, and/or tribasic calcium phosphate.
  • the composition is subjected to pressure from a punch and dye.
  • Some excipients and active ingredients have a tendency to adhere to the surfaces of the punch and dye, which can cause the product to have pitting and other surface irregularities.
  • a lubricant can be added to the composition to reduce adhesion and ease release of the product form the dye.
  • Lubricants include, but are not limited to, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, glyceryl monostearate, glyceryl palmitostearate, hydrogenated castor oil, hydrogenated vegetable oil, mineral oil, polyethylene glycol, sodium benzoate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium stearyl fumarate, stearic acid, talc, and/or zinc stearate. ' Flavoring agents and flavor enhancers make the dosage form more palatable to the patient.
  • flavoring agents and flavor enhancers for pharmaceutical products that can be included in the composition of the present invention include, but are not limited to, maltol, vanillin, ethyl vanillin, menthol, citric acid, fumaric acid, ethyl maltol, or tartaric acid.
  • Solid and liquid compositions can also be dyed using any pharmaceutically acceptable colorant to improve their appearance and/or facilitate patient identification of the product and unit dosage level.
  • liquid pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention carvedilol form described above and any other solid excipients are dissolved or suspended in a liquid carrier such as water, vegetable oil, alcohol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol or glycerin.
  • Liquid pharmaceutical compositions can contain emulsifying agents to disperse uniformly throughout the composition an active ingredient or other excipient that is not soluble in the liquid carrier.
  • Emulsifying agents that can be useful in liquid compositions of the present invention include, for example, gelatin, egg yolk, casein, cholesterol, acacia, tragacanth, chondrus, pectin, methyl cellulose, carbomer, cetostearyl alcohol, or cetyl alcohol.
  • Liquid pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention can also contain a viscosity-enhancing agent to improve the mouth-feel of the product and/or coat the lining of the gastrointestinal tract.
  • a viscosity-enhancing agent include acacia, alginic acid bentonite, carbomer, carboxymethylcellulose calcium or sodium, cetostearyl alcohol, methyl cellulose, ethylcellulose, gelatin guar gum, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, maltodextrin, polyvinyl alcohol, povidone, propylene carbonate, propylene glycol alginate, sodium alginate, sodium starch glycolate, starch, tragacanth or xanthan gum.
  • Sweetening agents such as sorbitol, saccna ⁇ n, sodium saccharin, sucrose, aspartame, fructose, mannitol and/or invert sugar can be added to improve the taste.
  • Preservatives and chelating agents such as alcohol, sodium benzoate, butylated hydroxy toluene, butylated hydroxyanisole and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid can be added at levels safe for ingestion to improve storage stability.
  • a liquid composition according to the present invention can also contain a buffer such as gluconic acid, lactic acid, citric acid or acetic acid, sodium gluconate, sodium lactate, sodium citrate or sodium acetate.
  • a buffer such as gluconic acid, lactic acid, citric acid or acetic acid, sodium gluconate, sodium lactate, sodium citrate or sodium acetate.
  • the solid compositions of the present invention include powders, granulates, aggregates and compacted compositions.
  • Carvedilol form described above can be administered for treatment of congestive heart failure and hypertension (by any means that delivers the active ingredients) to the site of the body where beta-blocking activity exerts a therapeutic effect on the patient.
  • administration can be oral, buccal, parenteral (including subcutaneous, intramuscular, and intravenous) rectal, inhalant or ophthalmic.
  • parenteral including subcutaneous, intramuscular, and intravenous rectal, inhalant or ophthalmic.
  • the most suitable route in any given case will depend on the nature and severity of the condition being treated, the most preferred route of the present invention is oral.
  • Carvedilol Form VI, or the carvedilol crystalline form of the present invention can be conveniently administered to a patient in oral unit dosage form and prepared by any of the methods well-known in the pharmaceutical arts.
  • Dosage forms include solid dosage forms like tablets, powders, capsules, sachets, troches, or lozenges as well as liquid syrups, suspensions, or elixirs.
  • the active ingredient(s) and excipients can be formulated into compositions and dosage forms according to methods known in the art.
  • a composition for tableting or capsule filing can be prepared by wet granulation, hi wet granulation some or all of the active ingredients and excipients in powder form are blended and then further mixed in the presence of a liquid, typically water that causes the powders to clump up into granules.
  • the granulate is screened and/or milled, dried and then screened and/or milled to the desired particle size.
  • the granulate can then be tabletted or other excipients can be added prior to tableting such as a glidant and or lubricant.
  • a tableting composition can be prepared conventionally by dry blending.
  • the blended composition of the actives and excipients can be compacted into a slug or a s ⁇ eet and then comminuted mto compacted granules.
  • the compacted granules can be compressed subsequently into a tablet.
  • a blended composition can be compressed directly into a compacted dosage form using direct compression techniques.
  • Direct compression produces a more uniform tablet without granules.
  • Excipients that are particularly well suited to direct compression tableting include microcrystalline cellulose, spray dried lactose, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate and/or colloidal silica. The proper use of these and other excipients in direct compression tableting is known to those in the art with experience and skill in particular formulation challenges of direct compression tableting.
  • a capsule filling of the present invention can comprise any of the aforementioned blends and granulates that were described with reference to tableting, only they are not subjected to a final tableting step.
  • a tablet can, for example, be formulated by blending and directly compressing the composition in a tablet machine.
  • a capsule can, for example, be prepared by filling half of a gelatin capsule with the above tablet composition and capping it with the other half of the gelatin capsule.
  • a simple parenteral solution for injection can, for example, be prepared by combining carvedilol Form VI, or the carvedilol crystalline form of the present invention, sterile propylene glycol, and sterile water and sealing the composition in a sterile vial under sterile conditions.
  • Capsules, tablets and lozenges and other unit dosage forms preferably contain a dosage level of about 1 mg to about 100 mg of carvedilol form described above.
  • XRD diffraction was performed on X-Ray powder diffractometer, Scintag model X'TRA, Cu-tube, solid state detector. Scanning parameters include: Range: 2-40 deg.2 ⁇ , Continuous scan, Rate: 3.00 deg./min. Thermal analysis
  • DSC thermogram was performed on DSC821e, Mettler Toledo, sample weight: 3 mg, and heating rate: 10°C/min. The crucible was crimped and punched.
  • TGA thermogram was performed on Mettler TG50, sample weight: 18 mg, and heating rate: 10°C/min.
  • Example 2 Conversion of the crystal form of the present invention to form II
  • the Carvedilol crystal form of the present invention was prepared according to example 1.
  • the wet substance was dried at about 5O 0 C.
  • XRD shows form II content for the dry substance.

Abstract

This invention relates to a novel crystalline form of carvedilol, to processes for its preparation, to compositions containing it and to its use in medicine. This invention further relates to a novel process for preparing crystalline carvedilol Form II.

Description

CRYSTALLINE FORMS OF CARVEDILOL AND PROCESSES FOR THEIR PREPARATION
RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application claims the benefit of U.S. provisional application No. 60/689,776, filed June 9, 2005; herein incorporated by reference.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to crystalline forms of carvedilol.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Carvedilol, (±)- 1 -(Carbazol-4-yloxy)-3 - [ [2-(o-methoxyphenoxy)ethyl] amino] -2- propanol, is a nonselective (3-adrenergic blocker with a.\ -blocking activity. Carvedilol is a racemic mixture having the following structural formula:
Figure imgf000002_0001
Carvedilol
Carvedilol is the active ingredient of COREG®, which is indicated for the treatment of congestive heart failure and for the management of hypertension. Since carvedilol is a multiple-action drug, its beta-blocking activity affects the response to certain nerve impulses in parts of the body. As a result, beta-blockers decrease the heart's need for blood and oxygen by reducing its workload. Carvedilol is also known to be a vasodilator resulting primarily from alpha-adrenoceptor blockade. The multiple actions of carvedilol are responsible for the antihypertensive efficacy of the drug and for its effectiveness in managing congestive heart failure.
International application No. WO 99/05105 discloses carvedilol polymorphic forms designated Form I and Form II. international application JNo. W υ υz/υυzio discloses carvedilol polymorphic forms designated Form III and Form IV. Also disclosed is Form V or a solvate thereof, with methyl- ethyl ketone.
International application No. WO 03/059807 discloses carvedilol polymorphic form designated Form VI or a solvate thereof, and process for its preparation with ethyl acetate including a seeding step.
The present invention relates to the solid state physical properties of carvedilol. These properties can be influenced by controlling the conditions under which carvedilol is obtained in solid form. Solid state physical properties include, for example, the flowability of the milled solid. Flowability affects the ease with which the material is handled during processing into a pharmaceutical product. When particles of the powdered compound do not flow past each other easily, a formulation specialist must take that fact into account in developing a tablet or capsule formulation, which may necessitate the use of glidants such as colloidal silicon dioxide, talc, starch or tribasic calcium phosphate. Another important solid state property of a pharmaceutical compound is its rate of dissolution in aqueous fluid. The rate of dissolution of an active ingredient in a patient's stomach fluid can have therapeutic consequences since it imposes an upper limit on the rate at which an orally-administered active ingredient can reach the patient's bloodstream. The rate of dissolution is also a consideration in formulating syrups, elixirs and other liquid medicaments. The solid state form of a compound may also affect its behavior on compaction and its storage stability.
These practical physical characteristics are influenced by the conformation and orientation of molecules in the unit cell, which defines a particular polymorphic form of a substance. The polymorphic form may give rise to thermal behavior different from that of the amorphous material or another polymorphic form. Thermal behavior is measured in the laboratory by such techniques as capillary melting point, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) and can be used to distinguish some polymorphic forms from others. A particular polymorphic form may also give rise to distinct spectroscopic properties that may be detectable by powder X-ray crystallography, solid state 13C NMR spectrometry or infrared spectrometry.
The present invention also relates to solvates of carvedilol. When a substance crystallizes out of solution, it may trap molecules of solvent at regular intervals in the crystal lattice. Solvation also affects utilitarian physical properties of the solid state like flowability and dissolution rate. One of the most important physical properties of a pharmaceutical compound, which can form polymorphs or solvates, is its solubility in aqueous solution, particularly the solubility in gastric juices of a patient. Other important properties relate to the ease of processing the form into pharmaceutical dosages, as the tendency of a powdered or granulated form to flow and the surface properties determine whether crystals of the form will adhere to each other when compacted into a tablet.
The discovery of new polymorphic forms and solvates of a pharmaceutically useful compound provides a new opportunity to improve the performance characteristics of a pharmaceutical product. It enlarges the repertoire of materials that a formulation scientist has available for designing, for example, a pharmaceutical dosage form of a drug with a targeted release profile or other desired characteristic.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a crystalline form of carvedilol characterized by data selected from: X-ray powder diffraction pattern with peaks at about 4.3, 10.6, 11.1 , 15.6, and 21.2 ± 0.2 degrees two-theta; and DSC thermogram with endothermic peaks at about 6O0C and 1130C.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Figure 1 illustrates a PXRD pattern for the carvedilol Form of the present invention.
Figure 2 illustrates a DSC thermogram for the carvedilol Form of the present invention.
Figure 3 illustrates a TGA thermogram for the carvedilol Form of the present invention. Figure 4 illustrates a PXRD pattern for carvedilol Form II.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In one embodiment, the present invention provides a crystalline form of carvedilol characterized by data selected from: X-ray powder diffraction pattern with peaks at about 4.3, 10.6, 11.1, 15.6, and 21.2 ± 0.2 degrees two-theta; and DSC thermogram with endothermic peaks at about 6O0C and 1130C The above crystalline form may be further characterized by X-ray powder diffraction pattern with peaks at about 8.5, 10.1, 12.7, 13.6, 16.6, 17.0, 19.1, 19.9, 20.3, 25.0, 25.4 + 0.2 degrees two-theta.
The crystalline form of the present invention may further be characterized by TGA showing a weight loss of about 40% at the temperature range of 25-6O0C.
The crystalline form of the present invention maybe an ethyl acetate solvate.
As used herein, the term "clean flask" refers to a flask, washed with an organic solvent. Preferably, the flask is washed with ethyl acetate to leave no traces of carvedilol seeds, which enables spontaneous crystallization of the crystals form of the present invention, when entering the supersaturation range.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a process for preparing the above crystalline form comprising: providing a solution of carvedilol in ethyl acetate, in a clean flask, cooling the solution to a temperature of less than about 100C, to obtain a precipitate and recovering the crystalline form. Preferably, the solution is provided at a temperature of about 700C to about 780C, more preferably, at a temperature of about 700C to about 750C.
Preferably, the solution is subjected to agitation.
Preferably, the solution is cooled to a temperature of about O0C to about 50C.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a process for preparing a crystalline carvedilol characterized by X-ray powder diffraction pattern with peaks at about 5.9, 14.9, 17.6, 18.5 and 24.4 ± 0.2 degrees two-theta (Form II) comprising drying crystalline carvedilol characterized by X-ray powder diffraction pattern with peaks at about 4.3, 10.6, 11.1, 15.6, and 21.2 +0.2 degrees two-theta.
Preferably, the drying is performed at a temperature of about 300C to about 1000C, more preferably, at a temperature of about 400C to about 600C, most preferably, at a temperature of about 500C.
As one skilled in the art will appreciate, the time required to obtain carvedilol Form II will vary depending upon, among other factors, the amount of the wet carvedilol form of the present invention to be dried and the drying temperature, and can be determined by taking periodic XRDs.
The crystalline form of the present invention shows higher crystallinity compared with forms V and VI. The crystallinity is demonstrated by sharper XRD peaks and is an important factor that may influence the stability of the crystal form. Pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention contain carvedilol form described above, optionally in mixture with other crystalline forms and/or other active ingredients such as hydrochlorothiazide. Ih addition to the active ingredient(s), the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention can contain one or more excipients. Excipients are added to the composition for a variety of purposes.
Diluents increase the bulk of a solid pharmaceutical composition and can make a pharmaceutical dosage form containing the composition easier for the patient and caregiver to handle. Diluents for solid compositions include, for example, microcrystalline cellulose (e.g. Avicel®), microfine cellulose, lactose, starch, pregelatinized starch, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, sugar, dextrates, dextrin, dextrose, dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate, tribasic calcium phosphate, kaolin, magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide, maltodextrin, mannitol, polymethacrylates (e.g. Eudragit®), potassium chloride, powdered cellulose, sodium chloride, sorbitol and talc.
Solid pharmaceutical compositions that are compacted into a dosage form like a tablet can include excipients whose functions include helping to bind the active ingredient and- other excipients together after compression. Binders for solid pharmaceutical compositions include at least one of acacia, alginic acid, carbomer (e.g. carbopol), carboxymethylcellulose sodium, dextrin, ethyl cellulose, gelatin, guar gum, hydrogenated vegetable oil, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose (e.g. Klucel®), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (e.g. Methocel®), liquid glucose, magnesium aluminum silicate, maltodextrin, methylceHulose, polymethacrylates, povidone (e.g. Kollidon®, Plasdone®), pregelatinized starch, sodium alginate, or starch.
The dissolution rate of a compacted solid pharmaceutical composition in the patient's stomach can be increased by the addition of a disintegrant to the composition. Disintegrants include, but are not limited to, alginic acid, carboxymethylcellulose calcium, carboxymethylcellulose sodium (e.g. Ac-Di-Sol@Primellose®), colloidal silicon dioxide, croscarmellose sodium, crospovidone (e.g. Kollidon®, Polyplasdone®), guar gum, magnesium aluminum silicate, methyl cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, polacrilin potassium, powdered cellulose, pregelatinized starch, sodium alginate, sodium starch glycolate (e.g. Explotab®) or starch.
Glidants can be added to improve the flow properties of non-compacted solid composition and improve the accuracy of dosing. Excipients that can function as glidants include colloidal silicon dioxide, magnesium trisilicate, powdered cellulose, starch, talc, and/or tribasic calcium phosphate. When a dosage form sucή as a tablet is maαe oy compaction of a powdered composition, the composition is subjected to pressure from a punch and dye. Some excipients and active ingredients have a tendency to adhere to the surfaces of the punch and dye, which can cause the product to have pitting and other surface irregularities. A lubricant can be added to the composition to reduce adhesion and ease release of the product form the dye. Lubricants include, but are not limited to, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, glyceryl monostearate, glyceryl palmitostearate, hydrogenated castor oil, hydrogenated vegetable oil, mineral oil, polyethylene glycol, sodium benzoate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium stearyl fumarate, stearic acid, talc, and/or zinc stearate. ' Flavoring agents and flavor enhancers make the dosage form more palatable to the patient. Common flavoring agents and flavor enhancers for pharmaceutical products that can be included in the composition of the present invention include, but are not limited to, maltol, vanillin, ethyl vanillin, menthol, citric acid, fumaric acid, ethyl maltol, or tartaric acid. Solid and liquid compositions can also be dyed using any pharmaceutically acceptable colorant to improve their appearance and/or facilitate patient identification of the product and unit dosage level.
In liquid pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention, carvedilol form described above and any other solid excipients are dissolved or suspended in a liquid carrier such as water, vegetable oil, alcohol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol or glycerin. Liquid pharmaceutical compositions can contain emulsifying agents to disperse uniformly throughout the composition an active ingredient or other excipient that is not soluble in the liquid carrier. Emulsifying agents that can be useful in liquid compositions of the present invention include, for example, gelatin, egg yolk, casein, cholesterol, acacia, tragacanth, chondrus, pectin, methyl cellulose, carbomer, cetostearyl alcohol, or cetyl alcohol.
Liquid pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention can also contain a viscosity-enhancing agent to improve the mouth-feel of the product and/or coat the lining of the gastrointestinal tract. Such agents include acacia, alginic acid bentonite, carbomer, carboxymethylcellulose calcium or sodium, cetostearyl alcohol, methyl cellulose, ethylcellulose, gelatin guar gum, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, maltodextrin, polyvinyl alcohol, povidone, propylene carbonate, propylene glycol alginate, sodium alginate, sodium starch glycolate, starch, tragacanth or xanthan gum. Sweetening agents such as sorbitol, saccnaπn, sodium saccharin, sucrose, aspartame, fructose, mannitol and/or invert sugar can be added to improve the taste.
Preservatives and chelating agents such as alcohol, sodium benzoate, butylated hydroxy toluene, butylated hydroxyanisole and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid can be added at levels safe for ingestion to improve storage stability.
A liquid composition according to the present invention can also contain a buffer such as gluconic acid, lactic acid, citric acid or acetic acid, sodium gluconate, sodium lactate, sodium citrate or sodium acetate.
Selection of excipients and the amounts to use can be readily determined by the formulation scientist based upon experience and consideration of standard procedures and reference works in the field.
The solid compositions of the present invention include powders, granulates, aggregates and compacted compositions.
Carvedilol form described above can be administered for treatment of congestive heart failure and hypertension (by any means that delivers the active ingredients) to the site of the body where beta-blocking activity exerts a therapeutic effect on the patient. For example, administration can be oral, buccal, parenteral (including subcutaneous, intramuscular, and intravenous) rectal, inhalant or ophthalmic. Although the most suitable route in any given case will depend on the nature and severity of the condition being treated, the most preferred route of the present invention is oral. Carvedilol Form VI, or the carvedilol crystalline form of the present invention, can be conveniently administered to a patient in oral unit dosage form and prepared by any of the methods well-known in the pharmaceutical arts. Dosage forms include solid dosage forms like tablets, powders, capsules, sachets, troches, or lozenges as well as liquid syrups, suspensions, or elixirs. The active ingredient(s) and excipients can be formulated into compositions and dosage forms according to methods known in the art.
A composition for tableting or capsule filing can be prepared by wet granulation, hi wet granulation some or all of the active ingredients and excipients in powder form are blended and then further mixed in the presence of a liquid, typically water that causes the powders to clump up into granules. The granulate is screened and/or milled, dried and then screened and/or milled to the desired particle size. The granulate can then be tabletted or other excipients can be added prior to tableting such as a glidant and or lubricant.
A tableting composition can be prepared conventionally by dry blending. For instance, the blended composition of the actives and excipients can be compacted into a slug or a sήeet and then comminuted mto compacted granules. The compacted granules can be compressed subsequently into a tablet.
As an alternative to dry granulation, a blended composition can be compressed directly into a compacted dosage form using direct compression techniques. Direct compression produces a more uniform tablet without granules. Excipients that are particularly well suited to direct compression tableting include microcrystalline cellulose, spray dried lactose, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate and/or colloidal silica. The proper use of these and other excipients in direct compression tableting is known to those in the art with experience and skill in particular formulation challenges of direct compression tableting. A capsule filling of the present invention can comprise any of the aforementioned blends and granulates that were described with reference to tableting, only they are not subjected to a final tableting step.
Yet more particularly, a tablet can, for example, be formulated by blending and directly compressing the composition in a tablet machine. A capsule can, for example, be prepared by filling half of a gelatin capsule with the above tablet composition and capping it with the other half of the gelatin capsule.
A simple parenteral solution for injection can, for example, be prepared by combining carvedilol Form VI, or the carvedilol crystalline form of the present invention, sterile propylene glycol, and sterile water and sealing the composition in a sterile vial under sterile conditions.
Capsules, tablets and lozenges and other unit dosage forms preferably contain a dosage level of about 1 mg to about 100 mg of carvedilol form described above.
The following examples are given for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and shall not be construed as limiting the scope or spirit of the invention.
EXAMPLES Instruments
XRD
XRD diffraction was performed on X-Ray powder diffractometer, Scintag model X'TRA, Cu-tube, solid state detector. Scanning parameters include: Range: 2-40 deg.2θ, Continuous scan, Rate: 3.00 deg./min. Thermal analysis
DSC thermogram was performed on DSC821e, Mettler Toledo, sample weight: 3 mg, and heating rate: 10°C/min. The crucible was crimped and punched.
TGA thermogram was performed on Mettler TG50, sample weight: 18 mg, and heating rate: 10°C/min.
Example 1 - Process for the preparation of Carvedilol form of the present invention
5Og of Carvedilol and 500 ml of Ethyl Acetate are put into clean flask, the slurry is heated to temperature higher than 7O0C to get full dissolution. The solution is cooled to about 0-50C. At temperature of about 5-1O0C spontaneous precipitation occurred. The solid substance is filtered and washed by ethyl acetate. The wet substance obtained is the crystal form of the present invention.
Example 2 - Conversion of the crystal form of the present invention to form II The Carvedilol crystal form of the present invention was prepared according to example 1. The wet substance was dried at about 5O0C. XRD shows form II content for the dry substance.

Claims

1. A crystalline form of carvedilol characterized by data selected from:
X-ray powder diffraction pattern with peaks at about 4.3, 10.6, 11.1, 15.6 and 21.2 ± 0.2 degrees two-theta; and
DSC thermogram with endothermic peaks at about 6O0C and 1130C.
2. The crystalline form of claim 1 , characterized by X-ray powder diffraction pattern with peaks at about 4.3, 10.6, 11.1, 15.6 and 21.2 ± 0.2 degrees two-theta.
3. The crystalline form of any of claims 1 or 2, further characterized by X-ray powder diffraction pattern with peaks at about 8.5, 10.1, 12.7, 13.6, 16.6, 17.0, 19.1, 19.9, 20.3,
25.0, 25.4 ± 0.2 degrees two-theta.
4. The crystalline form of any of claims 2 or 3, further characterized by DSC thermogram with endothermic peaks at about 6O0C and 1130C
5. The crystalline form of any of claims 2 to 4, further characterized by TGA showing a weight loss of about 40% at the temperature range of 25-600C.
PCT/US2006/022499 2005-06-09 2006-06-09 Crystalline forms of carvedilol and processes for their preparation WO2006135757A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06772705A EP1781611A1 (en) 2005-06-09 2006-06-09 Crystalline forms of carvedilol and processes for their preparation
IL185733A IL185733A0 (en) 2005-06-09 2007-09-05 Crystallibe forns if carvedilol and processes for their preparation

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US68977605P 2005-06-09 2005-06-09
US60/689,776 2005-06-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006135757A1 true WO2006135757A1 (en) 2006-12-21

Family

ID=37058817

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2006/022499 WO2006135757A1 (en) 2005-06-09 2006-06-09 Crystalline forms of carvedilol and processes for their preparation

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20070043099A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1781611A1 (en)
KR (1) KR20070088507A (en)
IL (1) IL185733A0 (en)
WO (1) WO2006135757A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008122105A1 (en) * 2007-04-04 2008-10-16 Apotex Inc. Novel amorphous form of carvedilol phosphate and processes for the preparation thereof
US11065237B2 (en) 2013-11-15 2021-07-20 Akebia Therapeutics, Inc. Solid forms of {[5-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxypyridine-2-carbonyl]amino}acetic acid, compositions, and uses thereof

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20090022857A (en) 2007-08-31 2009-03-04 엘지전자 주식회사 Controlling method for dish washer

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0893440A1 (en) * 1997-07-22 1999-01-27 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Thermodynamically stable modification of 1-(4-carbazolyloxy)-3-[2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)ethylamino]-2-propanole, process for its preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing it
EP1142873A2 (en) * 1997-11-24 2001-10-10 Egis Gyogyszergyar Rt. Process for preparing 1-[9'H-carbazol-4'-yloxy]-3-[ 2''-(2'''- methoxy -phenoxy)-ethyl -amino]-propan-2-ol[carvedilol]
WO2002000216A1 (en) * 2000-06-28 2002-01-03 Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. Carvedilol
WO2003005970A2 (en) * 2001-07-13 2003-01-23 Smithkline Beecham Corporation Carvedilol polymorph
WO2003029214A1 (en) * 2001-09-28 2003-04-10 F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag Pseudopolymorphic forms of carvedilol
WO2003059807A2 (en) * 2002-01-15 2003-07-24 Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. Crystalline solids of carvedilol and processes for their preparation
WO2004041783A1 (en) * 2002-11-08 2004-05-21 Zentiva, A.S. Process for preparation of carvedilol
WO2005021504A2 (en) * 2003-09-02 2005-03-10 Krka, Tovarna Zdravil, D.D., Novo Mesto New crystalline forms of carvedilol
WO2005115981A2 (en) * 2004-04-22 2005-12-08 Usv Limited A process for the preparation of 1-(9h-carbazol-4-yloxy)-3-2-(-methoxyphenoxy)-ethyl amino-propan-2-ol

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2815926A1 (en) * 1978-04-13 1979-10-18 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh NEW CARBAZOLYL- (4) -OXY-PROPANOLAMINE DERIVATIVES, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND MEDICINAL PRODUCTS CONTAINING THESE COMPOUNDS
DE3319027A1 (en) * 1983-05-26 1984-11-29 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh, 6800 Mannheim METHOD FOR PRODUCING OPTICALLY ACTIVE CARBAZOL DERIVATIVES, NEW R- AND S-CARBAZOL DERIVATIVES, AND MEDICINAL PRODUCTS CONTAINING THESE COMPOUNDS
FR2725623A1 (en) * 1994-10-18 1996-04-19 Flamel Tech Sa MEDICINAL AND / OR NUTRITION MICROCAPSULES FOR PER OS ADMINISTRATION
US5760069A (en) * 1995-02-08 1998-06-02 Boehringer Mannheim Pharmaceuticals Corporation-Smithkline Beecham Corporation Limited Partnership #1 Method of treatment for decreasing mortality resulting from congestive heart failure
US6730326B2 (en) * 1997-07-22 2004-05-04 Roche Diagnostics Gmbh Thermodynamically stable modification of 1-(4-carbazolyl-oxy-3[2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-ethylamino]-2-propanol process for its preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing it
WO2002059089A2 (en) * 2001-01-25 2002-08-01 F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag Process for the preparation of heterocyclic indene analogs
EA008384B1 (en) * 2002-06-27 2007-04-27 Эс Би ФАРМКО ПУЭРТО РИКО ИНК. Carvedilol phosphate salts and/or solvates thereof, compositions and methods to treat hypertension, congestive heart failur and angina
US20040152756A1 (en) * 2002-07-15 2004-08-05 Wei Chen Carvedilol polymorph
WO2004094378A1 (en) * 2003-04-21 2004-11-04 Matrix Laboratories Ltd Process for the preparation of carvedilol form-ii
WO2004113296A1 (en) * 2003-06-20 2004-12-29 Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Limited A process for preparation of 1-[9h-carbazol-4-yloxy]- 3-[{2-(2-(-(methoxy)phenoxy)-ethyl}-amino]-propan-2-ol
US7750036B2 (en) * 2003-11-25 2010-07-06 Sb Pharmco Puerto Rico Inc. Carvedilol salts, corresponding compositions, methods of delivery and/or treatment
US20070027202A1 (en) * 2005-06-07 2007-02-01 Ashok Kumar Process for the preparation of carvedilol and its salts
WO2007057316A2 (en) * 2005-11-16 2007-05-24 F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag Novel process for the preparation of thoc
WO2007077111A1 (en) * 2005-12-30 2007-07-12 F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag Compounds and methods for carbazole synthesis

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0893440A1 (en) * 1997-07-22 1999-01-27 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Thermodynamically stable modification of 1-(4-carbazolyloxy)-3-[2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)ethylamino]-2-propanole, process for its preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing it
EP1142873A2 (en) * 1997-11-24 2001-10-10 Egis Gyogyszergyar Rt. Process for preparing 1-[9'H-carbazol-4'-yloxy]-3-[ 2''-(2'''- methoxy -phenoxy)-ethyl -amino]-propan-2-ol[carvedilol]
WO2002000216A1 (en) * 2000-06-28 2002-01-03 Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. Carvedilol
US20020143045A1 (en) * 2000-06-28 2002-10-03 Jean Hildesheim Carvedilol
WO2003005970A2 (en) * 2001-07-13 2003-01-23 Smithkline Beecham Corporation Carvedilol polymorph
WO2003029214A1 (en) * 2001-09-28 2003-04-10 F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag Pseudopolymorphic forms of carvedilol
WO2003059807A2 (en) * 2002-01-15 2003-07-24 Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. Crystalline solids of carvedilol and processes for their preparation
US20030166702A1 (en) * 2002-01-15 2003-09-04 Ilan Kor Crystalline solids of carvedilol and processes for their preparation
WO2004041783A1 (en) * 2002-11-08 2004-05-21 Zentiva, A.S. Process for preparation of carvedilol
WO2005021504A2 (en) * 2003-09-02 2005-03-10 Krka, Tovarna Zdravil, D.D., Novo Mesto New crystalline forms of carvedilol
WO2005115981A2 (en) * 2004-04-22 2005-12-08 Usv Limited A process for the preparation of 1-(9h-carbazol-4-yloxy)-3-2-(-methoxyphenoxy)-ethyl amino-propan-2-ol

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008122105A1 (en) * 2007-04-04 2008-10-16 Apotex Inc. Novel amorphous form of carvedilol phosphate and processes for the preparation thereof
US11065237B2 (en) 2013-11-15 2021-07-20 Akebia Therapeutics, Inc. Solid forms of {[5-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxypyridine-2-carbonyl]amino}acetic acid, compositions, and uses thereof
US11690836B2 (en) 2013-11-15 2023-07-04 Akebia Therapeutics, Inc. Solid forms of {[5-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxypyridine-2-carbonyl]amino}acetic acid, compositions, and uses thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20070088507A (en) 2007-08-29
IL185733A0 (en) 2008-01-06
US20070043099A1 (en) 2007-02-22
EP1781611A1 (en) 2007-05-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US7598396B2 (en) Crystalline solids of carvedilol and processes for their preparation
US7563930B2 (en) Crystal forms of Cinacalcet HCI and processes for their preparation
US7563918B2 (en) Solid and crystalline ibandronate sodium and processes for preparation thereof
US20230183235A1 (en) Solid state forms of amg-510 and process for preparation thereof
US7994178B2 (en) Crystalline rosuvastatin calcium and compositions thereof for treatment of hyperlipidaemia
US7417165B2 (en) Crystalline forms of pregabalin
US20040235904A1 (en) Crystalline and amorphous solids of pantoprazole and processes for their preparation
US20070043099A1 (en) Crystalline forms of carvedilol and processes for their preparation
US20230098234A1 (en) Solid state forms of mitapivat and process for preparation thereof
US20070032511A1 (en) Amorphous ziprasidone mesylate
US20080161412A1 (en) Process for preparation of sertraline hydrochloride form I
WO2023199258A1 (en) Solid state forms of mavacamten and process for preparation thereof
US20080027128A1 (en) Duloxetine HCL polymorphs
EP2114881A1 (en) Process for the purification of carvedilol or its salts thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2006772705

Country of ref document: EP

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1020077005429

Country of ref document: KR

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 185733

Country of ref document: IL

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE