WO2006059122A1 - Source for electrogmagnetic surveying - Google Patents
Source for electrogmagnetic surveying Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006059122A1 WO2006059122A1 PCT/GB2005/004626 GB2005004626W WO2006059122A1 WO 2006059122 A1 WO2006059122 A1 WO 2006059122A1 GB 2005004626 W GB2005004626 W GB 2005004626W WO 2006059122 A1 WO2006059122 A1 WO 2006059122A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electrodes
- arrangement
- signals
- pairs
- electrode
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
- G01V3/083—Controlled source electromagnetic [CSEM] surveying
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/12—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with electromagnetic waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/15—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for use during transport, e.g. by a person, vehicle or boat
- G01V3/165—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for use during transport, e.g. by a person, vehicle or boat operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by the object or by the detecting device
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/15—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for use during transport, e.g. by a person, vehicle or boat
- G01V3/17—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for use during transport, e.g. by a person, vehicle or boat operating with electromagnetic waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/15—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for use during transport, e.g. by a person, vehicle or boat
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a source for electromagnetic (EM) surveying, in particular for seabed logging.
- EM electromagnetic
- seismic techniques are capable of revealing the structure of the subterranean strata with some accuracy.
- a seismic survey can reveal the location and shape of a potential reservoir, it can normally not reveal the nature of the reservoir.
- This contemplates a method for searching for a hydrocarbon containing subterranean reservoir which comprises: applying a time varying electromagnetic field to subterranean strata; detecting the electromagnetic wave field response; seeking, in the wave field response, a component representing a refracted wave; and determining the presence and/or nature of any reservoir identified based on the presence or absence of a wave component refracted by hydrocarbon layer.
- a refracted wave behaves differently, depending on the nature of the stratum in which it is propagated. In particular, the propagation losses in hydrocarbon stratum are much lower than in a water-bearing stratum while the speed of propagation is much higher. Thus, when an oil-bearing reservoir is present, and an EM field is applied, a strong and rapidly propagated refracted wave can be detected. This may therefore indicate the presence of the reservoir or its nature if its presence is already known.
- Electromagnetic surveying techniques in themselves are known. However, they are not widely used in practice. In general, the reservoirs of interest are about 1 km or more below the seabed. In order to carry out electromagnetic surveying as a stand alone technique in these conditions, with any reasonable degree of resolution, short wavelengths are necessary. Unfortunately, such short wavelengths suffer from very high attenuation. Long wavelengths do not provide adequate resolution. For these reasons, seismic techniques are preferred.
- the resistivity of seawater is about 0.3 ohm-m and that of the overburden beneath the seabed would typically be from 0.3 to 4 ohm-m, for example about 2 ohm-m.
- the resistivity of an oil reservoir is likely to be about 20- 300 ohm-m. This large difference can be exploited using the techniques of the present invention.
- the resistivity of a hydrocarbon-bearing formation will be 20 to 300 times greater than water-bearing formation.
- EM source such as an electric dipole transmitter antenna on or close to the sea floor induces (EM) fields and currents in the sea water and in the subsurface strata.
- EM-fields are strongly attenuated due to the high conductivity in the saline environment, whereas the subsurface strata with less conductivity potentially can act as a guide for the EM-fields (less attenuation).
- the frequency is low enough (in the order of 1 Hz)
- the EM- waves are able to penetrate deep into the subsurface, and deeply buried geological layers having higher electrical resistivity than the overburden (as e.g. a hydrocarbon filled reservoir) will affect the EM-waves.
- an EM wave incident upon a high resistive layer may excite a ducted (guided) wave mode in the layer.
- the ducted mode is propagated laterally along the layer and leaks energy back to the overburden and receivers positioned on the sea floor.
- the term "refracted" wave in this specification is intended to refer to this wave mode.
- WO-A-02/14906 contemplates a method of determining the nature of a subterranean reservoir which comprises: deploying an electric dipole transmitter antenna with its axis generally horizontal; deploying an electric dipole receiver antenna in an in-line orientation relative to the transmitter; applying an electromagnetic (EM) field to the strata containing the reservoir using the transmitter; detecting the EM wave field response using the receiver and identifying in the response a component representing a refracted wave from the reservoir according to a first mode; deploying an electric dipole receiver antenna in an orthogonal orientation relative to the transmitter; applying an EM field to the strata using the transmitter; detecting the EM wave field response using the receiver and identifying in the response a component representing a refracted wave from the reservoir according to a second mode; and comparing the first mode refractive wave response with the second mode refracted wave response in order to determine the nature of the reservoir.
- EM electromagnetic
- a horizontal dipole source at the sea floor will generate both TE and TM waves, but the ratio of the amplitudes depends on the direction of propagation relative to the direction of the dipole. In the direction of the dipole, only the TM wave is emitted, whereas in a direction at right angles to the dipoles, only the TE wave is emitted. In between, a mixture of the two modes is emitted, the TM mode dominating for angles with the dipole up to 45° and the TE mode dominating for angles with the dipole from 45° to 90°. Thus, even if the receivers are capable of receiving both modes with equal sensitivity, comparison of the two modes will not be feasible for directions in a certain range around 0° or 90°.
- This difficulty may be remedied by using, instead of a single dipole source, a multiple dipole source, capable of emitting TE and TM modes of approximately equal amplitudes in all directions simultaneously.
- the TM mode is influenced by the presence of buried high resistive layers, whereas the TE mode is not.
- WO-A-02/ 14906 also contemplates a method of searching for a hydrocarbon- containing subterranean reservoir which comprises: deploying an electric dipole transmitter antenna with its axis generally horizontal; deploying an electric dipole receiver antenna in an in-line orientation relative to the transmitter; applying an EM field to subterranean strata using the transmitter; detecting the EM wave field response using the receiver; seeking in the response a component representing a refracted wave according to a first mode, caused by a high-resistivity zone; deploying an electric dipole receiver antenna in an orthogonal orientation relative to the transmitter; applying an EM field to the strata using the transmitter; detecting the EM wave field response using the receiver; seeking in the response a component representing a refracted wave according to a second mode; and comparing the first mode refractive wave response with the second mode refractive wave response in order to determine the presence and/or nature of any high-resistivity zone.
- the first mode may be considered to be a TM mode, and the second mode a TE mode.
- measurements are taken with the transmitter and receiver in both in-line and orthogonal orientations, and the two sets of measurements are compared.
- a characteristic difference in values indicates a highly resistive layer located beneath highly conductive strata. High resistivity indicates the presence of hydrocarbons and so the difference in values is a direct hydrocarbon indicator.
- a source arrangement for generating electromagnetic (EM) wavefields comprising one or more EM signal generators, three or more electrodes connected to the generators, and a control system; the electrodes being spaced apart but not all in line; the control system being arranged to apply non-coincident time-varying signals from the generator(s) to different pairs of the electrodes.
- EM electromagnetic
- non-coincident signals encompasses signals, which may be identical, applied sequentially to different pairs of electrodes, and also signals which are out of phase but which may be identical (translated in time), applied simultaneously to. different pairs of electrodes.
- the electrodes are in the same plane.
- the plane is preferably approximately generally horizontal.
- the signals are applied sequentially to the different pairs of electrodes, thereby constituting non-coincident signals.
- the control system may be arranged to apply a signal between a first of three electrodes and a second of the three electrodes, and subsequently to apply a signal between the third electrode and one of the first and second electrode. Effectively, two electrodes between which the signal is applied together constitute a dipole.
- a preferred sequence where the electrodes are numbered consecutively would be electrodes 1 and 2, followed by electrodes 2 and 3, followed by electrodes 3 and 1. Such a sequence constitutes a rotating electric field.
- control system is arranged to apply the signal between a first electrode of four electrodes and a second electrode, and subsequently to apply the signal between a third electrode and one of the other three electrodes.
- a preferred sequence in this case again with the electrodes numbered consecutively, would be electrodes 1 and 2, followed by electrodes 2 and 3, followed by electrodes 3 and 4, followed by electrodes 4 and 1.
- An alternative sequence would be electrodes 1 and 3, followed by electrodes 2 and 4. Both these sequences constitute a rotating electrical field.
- the signals are applied simultaneously or constantly to the different pairs of electrodes, but the signals are mutually out of phase, thereby constituting non-coincident signals. They may therefore be considered to be linearly independent, translated in time but not by a whole number of periods.
- the EM signal generator is located on a marine vessel and the electrodes are towed behind the vessel by means of cables.
- the cables are connected to a central towfish, and the towfish is attached to the vessel by means of an umbilical.
- the cables may be towed and controlled so that the electrodes are located within about 50m of the seabed, preferably 15 to 30 m.
- the wavelength of the transmission is given by the formula
- ⁇ is the wavelength of the transmission through the overburden and h is the distance from the seabed to the strata under investigation, though this could change particularly with more powerful transmitters and more sensitive receivers.
- the transmission frequency is from 0.01 Hz to 1 kHz, e.g. from 0.1 to 20 Hz, typically about 0.25 to 3Hz.
- the generated EM waveform may take different forms. Typical examples include square, triangular and sine waves. Specific frequencies and waveforms may be designed to suit particular surveys.
- the cables are preferably deployed in such a way that the electrodes are spaced apart by a distance in the range 100 to 800 m, more preferably in the range 200 -300m.
- the maximum current transmitted via the electrodes is at least IOOA and may be in the range 100 to 10,000A, more preferably 1000 to 5000 A.
- the invention also extends to a method of generating an EM wavef ⁇ eld using an arrangement as described, the method comprising: applying non-coincident time- varying EM signals to different pairs of electrodes.
- the invention also extends to a method of conducting an EM survey which comprises generating an EM wavefield as described, detecting the EM response using an EM receiver, and analysing the EM response.
- the source is towed over an array of receivers at the sea bed while continuously emitting an EM wavefield similar to that emitted from a rotating dipole.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an EM source for marine applications, in accordance with the invention.
- Figure 2 shows one geometry for four electrodes
- Figure 3 shows a variation on the arrangement of Figure 2
- Figure 4 shows an alternative geometry for four electrodes
- Figure 5 shows one geometry for three electrodes.
- the purpose of this invention is to provide an electromagnetic source that radiates a powerful EM signal in deep sea or shallow water exciting two modes simultaneously.
- the intention is to penetrate the underground with the signal.
- the signals received back from underground can give indications as to whether a reservoir is hydrocarbon filled or not.
- FIG. 1 shows the general arrangement of the equipment.
- a vessel 11 tows a towfish 12 by means of an umbilical connection 13 which acts as a towing cable and provides electrical and communications connections.
- a series of electrodes 14 are towed behind the towfish 12 by cables or streamers 15 (only one of which is shown) in the vicinity of the seabed 16.
- a power supply (not shown) is located on the vessel 11 (topside).
- the electromagnetic source has an output power of 100 kW or more if possible and the current between the electrodes is about 1,000 amperes, with controlled frequency, phase and amplitude.
- the maximum depth for the subsea components is 4000 meters.
- the towfish 12 with the electrodes 14 and streamers 15 will be towed behind the vessel 11 with a speed of about 1 to 3 knots, though higher speeds might be possible.
- the maximum distance between the electrodes 14 is up to about 250m but could be up to 500 m.
- the power from the source in the umbilical is 200-400 Hz, 3phase 4.5 kV, and the subsea current source will consist of one or more transformers, and a semiconductor converter with an appropriate number of output terminals, depending on the number of electrodes.
- the transformer(s) will be located in an oil filled tank under full seawater pressure, and the converter will be either put into the same transformer tank, or placed in separate, pressure-proof canisters.
- modulated AC is produced on the vessel 11 by means of a frequency converter, converting 60 Hz fixed voltage to 300 Hz variable voltage. This is routed to the electrodes 14, which are selectable by means of respective individual bipolar thyristor rectifiers located subsea.
- the thyristor rectifier is used as a diode rectifier that can be turned on and off. In this way, the thyristor rectifier determines the direction of the current, and the converter topside controls the current magnitude by controlling the voltage.
- This strategy can be used on a multi-electrode system; the topside converter will control the magnitude of the current, but the thyristor rectifier will also control which electrode is to be fed and the direction of current in it.
- the preferred umbilical has a torque balanced steel armouring or carbon fibre (CF) armouring if reduced weight and size are desired. CF may also be less influenced by strong magnetic fields than steel.
- the total weight of the umbilical at a length of 4500m will be about 11 tons.
- the minimum drum diameter is about 1.2 m.
- the complete system is synchronized to UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) time.
- UTC Coordinatd Universal Time
- a TCP/IP communication with NTP or PTP protocol is recommended.
- the precision should be ⁇ 0.1 msec.
- Control of the subsea equipment is performed through fiber optical multiplexers.
- a TCP/IP communication with NTP or PTP protocol is used.
- FIG 2 shows one possible arrangement of the system, in which four electrodes 141, 142, 143 and 144 are used. These are mounted on respective neutral buoyancy cables (streamers) 151, 152, 153 and 154 which are connected to the towfish 12, which is itself connected to the vessel (not shown) by the umbilical 13.
- the towfish 12 houses a transformer 20 and a thyristor converter 21, 22, 23, 24 for each electrode 141, 142, 143, 144.
- the towfish 12 and neutral buoyancy cables 151-154 are controlled during towing so that the electrodes 141-144 are arranged in a square, about 500 m apart.
- the radiation emitted when a current is fed to an electrode pair is not pure dipole radiation, but also contains a certain amount of magnetic dipole radiation, depending on the path of the return current.
- the maximum distances between electrodes 141 - 142 and 141 - 144 is 500 m.
- the cable length between the towfish 12 and electrode 141 (and the towfish and electrode 144) will be 500 m.
- the cable capacity for this length has to be 2 times 20000 A.
- the whole system must have total cable length of 3000m of a cable capable of 20 000 A. (single conductor).
- the converters 21-24 were centrally located in the towfish
- the transformer 20 remains centrally located in the towfish 12
- the converters 31-34 are housed in two separate converter units 35, 36 located at the electrode 141 and 144 positions.
- low AC voltage is sent to each side of the system, to the double converters located at electrodes 141 and 144.
- a rotating field can be achieved by sequentially selecting as a dipole, electrodes as follows: 141/142, 142/143, 143/144, 144/141; or 141/143, 144/142, in the latter case, the pairs may be fed the same periodic signal with a relative time shift of one quarter period.
- FIG 4 shows an alternative configuration using four electrodes.
- the arrangement of the transformer 20 and converters 21-24 in the towfish 12 is the same as in the embodiment of Figure 2, however, in this case the electrodes 241, 242, 243, 244 are arranged as a diamond on respective streamers 251, 252, 253, 254.
- electrodes 241 and 244 remain in the same position as electrodes 141 and 144 in the previous configurations, but electrodes 242 and 243 are at new positions.
- Electrode 242 is centrally located near to the towfish 12 while electrode 243 is centrally located remote from the towfish 12.
- a rotating field can be achieved by sequentially selecting as a dipole, 244/241, 243/242 or, as above, feeding the two pairs the same periodic signal with a relative time shift of one quarter period.
- Figure 5 shows a configuration using only three electrodes 341, 342, 343, mounted on three respective streamers 351, 352, 353.
- the towf ⁇ sh 12 in this case houses the transformer 20, but only three converters 51, 52, 53, one for each electrode.
- the electrodes 341-343 are arranged in an isosceles triangle, with electrode 342 central and close to the towf ⁇ sh 12 and electrodes 341 and 343 distant from the towf ⁇ sh and located on either side.
- the angle at 342 may be 60° or 90°. There are several possible feed arrangements which will produce a rotating field.
- the pairs 341/342, 342/343, 343/341 may be fed in sequence, or, alternatively, these pairs may be fed the same periodic signal, shifted 1/3 period and 2/3 period respectively for the last 2 pairs.
- the pairs 341/342 and 342/343 may be fed the same periodic signal, shifted 1 A period for the last pair.
- a further 3-electrode configuration is possible, in which the central proximate electrode 342 is replaced by a distant central electrode. This can be achieved simply by extending the cable 352 in Figure 5.
- two umbilicals can be used, each extending to separate converter unit. The two converter units would be separately connected to all three electrodes and each would handle half the power.
- the generated source signals are in the frequency range of 0.001 — 100 Hz.
- the user can at startup define different output signals and store these. Control of the rotating electrical field, the sequence of active electrodes, will also be stored.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/792,005 US7919965B2 (en) | 2004-12-02 | 2005-12-02 | Source arrangement and method for generating electromagnetic wavefields |
AU2005311115A AU2005311115B2 (en) | 2004-12-02 | 2005-12-02 | Source for electrogmagnetic surveying |
BRPI0518816-4A BRPI0518816A2 (en) | 2004-12-02 | 2005-12-02 | source arrangement for generating electromagnetic wave fields and methods of generating an electromagnetic wave field, conducting an electromagnetic survey and producing a subterranean stratum report |
MX2007006654A MX2007006654A (en) | 2004-12-02 | 2005-12-02 | Source for electrogmagnetic surveying. |
CA2589090A CA2589090C (en) | 2004-12-02 | 2005-12-02 | Source for electromagnetic surveying |
NO20072868A NO340701B1 (en) | 2004-12-02 | 2007-06-05 | Source and method of electromagnetic measurement |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0426505.4 | 2004-12-02 | ||
GB0426505A GB2420855B (en) | 2004-12-02 | 2004-12-02 | Source for electromagnetic surveying |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006059122A1 true WO2006059122A1 (en) | 2006-06-08 |
Family
ID=34043969
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB2005/004626 WO2006059122A1 (en) | 2004-12-02 | 2005-12-02 | Source for electrogmagnetic surveying |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7919965B2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2005311115B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0518816A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2589090C (en) |
GB (1) | GB2420855B (en) |
MX (1) | MX2007006654A (en) |
NO (1) | NO340701B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006059122A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010069055A1 (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2010-06-24 | Innovations At University Of Toronto | A continuously towed seafloor electromagnetic prospecting system |
CN110850481A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-02-28 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Electrode fixing device of ocean electromagnetism collection station |
Families Citing this family (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2409900B (en) | 2004-01-09 | 2006-05-24 | Statoil Asa | Processing seismic data representing a physical system |
GB2422673B (en) * | 2005-02-01 | 2010-03-24 | Electromagnetic Geoservices As | Optimum signal for sea bed logging |
US7411399B2 (en) * | 2005-10-04 | 2008-08-12 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Electromagnetic survey system with multiple sources |
GB2435693A (en) | 2006-02-09 | 2007-09-05 | Electromagnetic Geoservices As | Seabed electromagnetic surveying |
GB2439378B (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2011-03-16 | Electromagnetic Geoservices As | Instrument for measuring electromagnetic signals |
GB2442749B (en) | 2006-10-12 | 2010-05-19 | Electromagnetic Geoservices As | Positioning system |
GB2445582A (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2008-07-16 | Statoil Asa | Method for analysing data from an electromagnetic survey |
US7659724B2 (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2010-02-09 | Westerngeco L.L.C. | Surveying method using an arrangement of plural signal sources |
GB2466764B (en) | 2008-10-02 | 2013-03-27 | Electromagnetic Geoservices As | Method for enhanced subsurface electromagnetic sensitivity |
US8198899B2 (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2012-06-12 | Pgs Geophysical As | Method and system for calibrating streamer electrodes in a marine electromagnetic survey system |
GB2481845B (en) | 2010-07-08 | 2014-04-30 | Electromagnetic Geoservices As | Low noise marine electric field sensor system |
NO336422B1 (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2015-08-17 | Jonas Kongsli | System and method for simultaneous electromagnetic and seismic geophysical mapping |
CN102466822B (en) * | 2010-11-04 | 2013-09-04 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Ocean electromagnetic surveying four-pole mutual combination pole distribution method |
US8614580B2 (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2013-12-24 | Westerngeco L.L.C. | Dynamically activating different subsets of a plurality of electrodes |
US10139516B2 (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2018-11-27 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Apparatus and methods to find a position in an underground formation |
US10203193B2 (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2019-02-12 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Apparatus and methods to find a position in an underground formation |
EP3037846A1 (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2016-06-29 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Apparatus and methods to find a position in an underground formation |
US11061160B1 (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2021-07-13 | Doc Mapping, L.L.C. | System and methods of mapping buried pipes underwater |
JP7147591B2 (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2022-10-05 | 株式会社島津製作所 | Submarine structure detection device, submarine structure detection system, and submarine structure detection method |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4633182A (en) * | 1983-03-03 | 1986-12-30 | Instytut Gornictwa Naftowego I Gazownictwa | Method and system for direct prospecting of hydrocarbon deposits |
WO2004053528A1 (en) * | 2002-12-10 | 2004-06-24 | The Regents Of The University Of California | System and method for hydrocarbon reservoir monitoring using controlled-source electromagnetic fields |
Family Cites Families (69)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1818331A (en) | 1928-08-21 | 1931-08-11 | Radiore Company | Method for determining the character of ore bodies |
US2077707A (en) | 1933-08-01 | 1937-04-20 | Melton Benjamin Starr | Electromagnetic prospecting method |
US2139460A (en) | 1936-07-06 | 1938-12-06 | Geo Frequenta Corp | Means and method for geophysical prospecting |
US2268106A (en) | 1939-05-13 | 1941-12-30 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Radio wave prospecting |
US2426918A (en) | 1941-03-17 | 1947-09-02 | Engineering Res Corp | Method for electromagnetic-wave investigations of earth formations |
US2531088A (en) | 1947-10-16 | 1950-11-21 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Electrical prospecting method |
US2919397A (en) | 1956-04-30 | 1959-12-29 | Lawrence W Morley | Method and apparatus for inductive prospecting |
US2953742A (en) | 1957-09-04 | 1960-09-20 | Charles J Hughes | Geophysical prospecting apparatus |
US3052836A (en) | 1957-12-24 | 1962-09-04 | Shell Oil Co | Method for marine electrical prospecting |
US3114875A (en) | 1961-05-04 | 1963-12-17 | Raytheon Co | Microwave device for testing formations surrounding a borehole having means for measuring the standing wave ratio of energy incident to and reflected from the formations |
US3182250A (en) * | 1962-02-23 | 1965-05-04 | Sun Oil Co | Surface electrical prospecting apparatus utilizing current focusing electrode means |
US3398356A (en) | 1964-02-10 | 1968-08-20 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Method utilizing a pair of subsurface antennas for determining the physical properties effecting radio energy propagation through earth |
GB1239953A (en) | 1967-06-06 | 1971-07-21 | Rech S Geol Et Minieres Bureau | Improvements in or relating to methods and apparatus for determining the electrical resistance of the sub-soil |
US3763419A (en) | 1969-03-06 | 1973-10-02 | Barringer Research Ltd | Geophysical exploration method using the vertical electric component of a vlf field as a reference |
US3806795A (en) | 1972-01-03 | 1974-04-23 | Geophysical Survey Sys Inc | Geophysical surveying system employing electromagnetic impulses |
US4094304A (en) | 1972-10-16 | 1978-06-13 | Bolt Beranek And Newman Inc. | Method and apparatus for measurement of acoustic impedance transitions in media such as human bodies |
FR2288988A1 (en) | 1974-07-30 | 1976-05-21 | Duroux Jean | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROSPECTING AT SEA BY MEASURING ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS |
US4041372A (en) | 1975-09-08 | 1977-08-09 | Continental Oil Company | Apparatus for multi-channel induced polarization surveying |
DE2550715C3 (en) | 1975-11-12 | 1980-07-03 | Diether-Alfred 5305 Alfter- Oedekoven Schroeder | Circuit arrangement for geophysical prospecting out of a vehicle |
US4296379A (en) | 1977-08-25 | 1981-10-20 | Eizaburo Yoshizumi | Ground prospecting method utilizing electrical resistivity measurements for measuring the resistivity of unit blocks of the ground |
GB1588495A (en) | 1978-05-19 | 1981-04-23 | Shell Int Research | Method and means for waterbottom logging |
US4308499A (en) | 1978-05-26 | 1981-12-29 | Kali Und Salz A.G. | Method utilizing electromagnetic wave pulses for determining the locations of boundary surfaces of underground mineral deposits |
US4446434A (en) | 1978-12-20 | 1984-05-01 | Conoco Inc. | Hydrocarbon prospecting method with changing of electrode spacing for the indirect detection of hydrocarbon reservoirs |
US4229809A (en) | 1979-01-29 | 1980-10-21 | Sperry Corporation | Acoustic under sea position measurement system |
US4218678A (en) | 1979-05-11 | 1980-08-19 | Ensco, Inc. | Synthetic pulse radar including a microprocessor based controller |
MA18895A1 (en) | 1979-07-09 | 1981-04-01 | Cie Generale De Geophysique Sa | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GEOPHYSICAL PROSPECTION WITH TRANSIENT CURRENTS |
FR2519769B1 (en) | 1982-01-12 | 1985-09-20 | Thomson Csf | ACOUSTIC POSITIONING SYSTEM |
US4617518A (en) * | 1983-11-21 | 1986-10-14 | Exxon Production Research Co. | Method and apparatus for offshore electromagnetic sounding utilizing wavelength effects to determine optimum source and detector positions |
US4616184A (en) | 1984-06-27 | 1986-10-07 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | CSAMT method for determining depth and shape of a sub-surface conductive object |
GB8815314D0 (en) * | 1988-06-28 | 1988-08-03 | Radiodetection Ltd | Improvements relating to underground pipe & cable location |
US4957172A (en) | 1989-03-01 | 1990-09-18 | Patton Consulting, Inc. | Surveying method for locating target subterranean bodies |
AU625347B2 (en) | 1989-05-08 | 1992-07-09 | Australian Institute Of Marine Science | Measurement of sediment level |
US5770945A (en) | 1996-06-26 | 1998-06-23 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Seafloor magnetotelluric system and method for oil exploration |
GB9717409D0 (en) | 1997-08-15 | 1997-10-22 | Geco Prakla Uk Ltd | A method of processing seismic data |
US6236211B1 (en) | 1998-06-18 | 2001-05-22 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Secretary Of The Interior | Induced polarization method using towed cable carrying transmitters and receivers for identifying minerals on the ocean floor |
US6236212B1 (en) | 1998-06-22 | 2001-05-22 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior | Induced polarization system using towed cable carrying transmitters and receivers for identifying minerals on the ocean floor |
GB9818875D0 (en) | 1998-08-28 | 1998-10-21 | Norske Stats Oljeselskap | Method and apparatus for determining the nature of subterranean reservoirs |
GB0002422D0 (en) | 2000-02-02 | 2000-03-22 | Norske Stats Oljeselskap | Method and apparatus for determining the nature of subterranean reservoirs |
EP1309887B2 (en) | 2000-08-14 | 2017-07-19 | Electromagnetic Geoservices ASA | Method and apparatus for determining the nature of subterranean reservoirs |
GB2383133A (en) | 2001-08-07 | 2003-06-18 | Statoil Asa | Investigation of subterranean reservoirs |
GB2378511B (en) | 2001-08-07 | 2005-12-28 | Statoil Asa | Method and apparatus for determining the nature of subterranean reservoirs |
US7769572B2 (en) | 2001-09-07 | 2010-08-03 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Co. | Method of imaging subsurface formations using a virtual source array |
GB0125713D0 (en) | 2001-10-26 | 2001-12-19 | Statoil Asa | Method of combining spatial models |
GB2382875B (en) | 2001-12-07 | 2004-03-03 | Univ Southampton | Electromagnetic surveying for hydrocarbon reservoirs |
GB2385923B (en) | 2002-05-24 | 2004-07-28 | Statoil Asa | System and method for electromagnetic wavefield resolution |
US7116108B2 (en) | 2002-06-11 | 2006-10-03 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Method and system for seafloor geological survey using vertical electric field measurement |
US6842006B2 (en) * | 2002-06-27 | 2005-01-11 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Marine electromagnetic measurement system |
GB2390904B (en) | 2002-07-16 | 2004-12-15 | Univ Southampton | Electromagnetic surveying for hydrocarbon reservoirs |
US6777940B2 (en) | 2002-11-08 | 2004-08-17 | Ultima Labs, Inc. | Apparatus and method for resistivity well logging |
GB2395563B (en) | 2002-11-25 | 2004-12-01 | Activeem Ltd | Electromagnetic surveying for hydrocarbon reservoirs |
GB2399640B (en) | 2003-03-17 | 2007-02-21 | Statoil Asa | Method and apparatus for determining the nature of submarine reservoirs |
NO326506B1 (en) | 2003-07-10 | 2008-12-15 | Norsk Hydro As | A marine geophysical collection system with a cable with seismic sources and receivers and electromagnetic sources and receivers |
US7123543B2 (en) | 2003-07-16 | 2006-10-17 | Pgs Americas, Inc. | Method for seismic exploration utilizing motion sensor and pressure sensor data |
GB2404444B (en) | 2003-07-28 | 2006-11-29 | Statoil Asa | Transmitter antena |
GB2409900B (en) | 2004-01-09 | 2006-05-24 | Statoil Asa | Processing seismic data representing a physical system |
GB2411006B (en) | 2004-02-16 | 2006-01-25 | Ohm Ltd | Electromagnetic surveying for hydrocarbon reservoirs |
GB2412741B (en) | 2004-04-03 | 2009-02-25 | Statoil Asa | Electromagnetic data processing |
GB2412740B (en) | 2004-04-03 | 2008-09-17 | Statoil Asa | Calibration filters |
GB2412739B (en) | 2004-04-03 | 2008-08-06 | Statoil Asa | Electromagnetic wavefield analysis |
GB2415511B (en) | 2004-06-26 | 2008-09-24 | Statoil Asa | Processing electromagnetic data |
US7295013B2 (en) | 2005-04-11 | 2007-11-13 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Remotely operable measurement system and method employing same |
GB2435693A (en) | 2006-02-09 | 2007-09-05 | Electromagnetic Geoservices As | Seabed electromagnetic surveying |
US7471089B2 (en) * | 2006-04-24 | 2008-12-30 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Electrode array for marine electric and magnetic field measurements having first and second sets of electrodes connected to respective first and second cables |
US7340348B2 (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2008-03-04 | Kjt Enterprises, Inc. | Method for acquiring and interpreting seismoelectric and electroseismic data |
GB2441786A (en) | 2006-09-15 | 2008-03-19 | Electromagnetic Geoservices As | Combined electromagnetic and seismic surveying |
GB2442749B (en) | 2006-10-12 | 2010-05-19 | Electromagnetic Geoservices As | Positioning system |
US20080169817A1 (en) * | 2006-11-01 | 2008-07-17 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Determining an Electric Field Based on Measurement from a Magnetic Field Sensor for Surveying a Subterranean Structure |
GB2445582A (en) | 2007-01-09 | 2008-07-16 | Statoil Asa | Method for analysing data from an electromagnetic survey |
US20090265111A1 (en) * | 2008-04-16 | 2009-10-22 | Kjt Enterprises, Inc. | Signal processing method for marine electromagnetic signals |
-
2004
- 2004-12-02 GB GB0426505A patent/GB2420855B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-12-02 BR BRPI0518816-4A patent/BRPI0518816A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-12-02 AU AU2005311115A patent/AU2005311115B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-12-02 WO PCT/GB2005/004626 patent/WO2006059122A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-12-02 US US11/792,005 patent/US7919965B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-02 CA CA2589090A patent/CA2589090C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-02 MX MX2007006654A patent/MX2007006654A/en active IP Right Grant
-
2007
- 2007-06-05 NO NO20072868A patent/NO340701B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4633182A (en) * | 1983-03-03 | 1986-12-30 | Instytut Gornictwa Naftowego I Gazownictwa | Method and system for direct prospecting of hydrocarbon deposits |
WO2004053528A1 (en) * | 2002-12-10 | 2004-06-24 | The Regents Of The University Of California | System and method for hydrocarbon reservoir monitoring using controlled-source electromagnetic fields |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010069055A1 (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2010-06-24 | Innovations At University Of Toronto | A continuously towed seafloor electromagnetic prospecting system |
US20120134671A1 (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2012-05-31 | Nigel Edwards | Continuously towed seafloor electomagnetic prospecting system |
US9341732B2 (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2016-05-17 | The Governing Council Of The University Of Toronto | Continuously towed seafloor electromagnetic prospecting system |
CN110850481A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-02-28 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Electrode fixing device of ocean electromagnetism collection station |
CN110850481B (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-08-03 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Electrode fixing device of ocean electromagnetism collection station |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2589090C (en) | 2014-08-05 |
NO340701B1 (en) | 2017-06-06 |
AU2005311115A1 (en) | 2006-06-08 |
GB2420855B (en) | 2009-08-26 |
NO20072868L (en) | 2007-06-29 |
US20080122444A1 (en) | 2008-05-29 |
CA2589090A1 (en) | 2006-06-08 |
BRPI0518816A2 (en) | 2008-12-09 |
GB0426505D0 (en) | 2005-01-05 |
MX2007006654A (en) | 2007-08-02 |
AU2005311115B2 (en) | 2011-06-02 |
US7919965B2 (en) | 2011-04-05 |
GB2420855A (en) | 2006-06-07 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CA2589090C (en) | Source for electromagnetic surveying | |
AU2007201981B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for determining the nature of subterranean reservoirs | |
US7411399B2 (en) | Electromagnetic survey system with multiple sources | |
US6864684B2 (en) | Electromagnetic methods and apparatus for determining the content of subterranean reservoirs | |
AU2001278580A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for determining the nature of subterranean reservoirs | |
MXPA06014989A (en) | Multi-component field sources for subsea exploration . | |
NO844614L (en) | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC MAPPING OF UNDERGRADUAL FORMS | |
NO324454B3 (en) | Method for determining the nature of underground reservoirs | |
NO314646B1 (en) | Transient electromagnetic measuring tool and method for use in a well | |
JP2011508205A (en) | Method and apparatus for dielectric polarization mapping of hydrocarbon reservoirs under the seabed | |
DK2668524T3 (en) | Source of electromagnetic mapping | |
AU2012217065B2 (en) | Detection system of geological formations | |
EP3346299A1 (en) | Data collection systems for marine modification with streamer and receiver module | |
Ellingsrud et al. | Sea Bed Logging (SBL), a remote resistivity sensing technique for in hydrocarbon exploration | |
Yamane et al. | Feasibility study of marine controlled-source electromagnetic for gas hydrate |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KM KN KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV LY MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NG NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SM SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BW GH GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2589090 Country of ref document: CA |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: MX/a/2007/006654 Country of ref document: MX |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2005311115 Country of ref document: AU |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 957/MUMNP/2007 Country of ref document: IN |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2005311115 Country of ref document: AU Date of ref document: 20051202 Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2005311115 Country of ref document: AU |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 11792005 Country of ref document: US |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 05811549 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 11792005 Country of ref document: US |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: PI0518816 Country of ref document: BR |