WO2006034538A1 - Opto-acoustic pressure sensor - Google Patents
Opto-acoustic pressure sensor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006034538A1 WO2006034538A1 PCT/AU2005/001481 AU2005001481W WO2006034538A1 WO 2006034538 A1 WO2006034538 A1 WO 2006034538A1 AU 2005001481 W AU2005001481 W AU 2005001481W WO 2006034538 A1 WO2006034538 A1 WO 2006034538A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fibre
- support member
- flexible
- acoustic signal
- elongate
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 23
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 Erbium ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011345 viscous material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H11/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/80—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sensor for the detection of an acoustic signal.
- the invention relates to a passive acoustic sensor suitable for deployment in an underwater environment as a hydrophone.
- Acoustic sensors are largely based upon electronic piezoelectric devices where deformation of the piezoelectric material results in a voltage change which can be measured using suitable electronics.
- these devices require essentially local instrumentation which is a disadvantage for remote sensing applications such as hydrophones deployed in underwater arrays and results in sensors which are bulkier and more complex than desired. This is due to the data and power cabling and pre-amp requirements which make hydrophone arrays of this nature difficult to deploy and maintain.
- Some other disadvantages with piezoelectric based devices include their susceptibility to electromagnetic interference thereby reducing their overall sensitivity and the fact that due to their active electronics they may be detected by other parties.
- Some attempts to increase the sensitivity of a distributed feedback fibre laser include encapsulating the fibre in a cylinder of epoxy or polyurethane thereby forming a mandrel surrounding the laser active region of the fibre laser. Whilst the increased bulk of the fibre surrounding the cavity and associated regions of the distributed feedback fibre laser improves the strain to pressure sensitivity somewhat it is still insufficient for those applications where extreme sensitivity is required such as a hydrophone. In addition, distributed feedback fibre lasers which have been modified in this manner suffer from overall lower resonant frequencies due to the increased mass of encapsulating material that is used to increase the strain to pressure sensitivity.
- the present invention accordingly provides a device for sensing an acoustic signal, said device including: a flexible portion, said flexible portion including a laser active region whose emitted wavelength varies according to a mechanical force acting on said flexible portion; and a flexible support member, said support member operable to flex or bend according to said acoustic signal, wherein said flexible portion is coupled with said support member to cause said flexible portion to flex or bend in accordance with said support member thereby changing the emitted wavelength of said laser active region of said flexible portion.
- said flexible portion includes an elongate flexible fibre including said laser active region, said elongate flexible fibre attached to said support member to cause said elongate fibre to flex or bend in accordance with said support member.
- said flexible support member causes the fibre to flex with its axis offset from the neutral bend axis, this effectively magnifies the effect of any bending of the support member on the fibre.
- bending and flexing the fibre in this manner will not unduly damage the fibre yet still results in measurable changes in the wavelength emitted from the laser active region.
- said elongate flexible fibre is attached to said support member to cause said elongate flexible fibre to flex or bend with a substantially common radius of curvature to that of the support member.
- said elongate flexible fibre is attached to said support member over a predetermined length encompassing said laser active region.
- said elongate flexible fibre is attached to said support member at at least two discrete points along said fibre.
- the fibre By attaching the fibre to at least two discrete points along the support member, the fibre may be caused to flex or bend in those circumstances where attaching the fibre along a length of the fibre is not required.
- said support member is elongate and substantially aligned with said elongate fibre.
- the present invention accordingly provides a device for sensing an acoustic signal, said device including: an elongate flexible fibre, said flexible fibre including a laser active region whose emitted wavelength varies according to a mechanical force icting on said fibre; a flexible support member, said support member operable to flex or bend, wherein said elongate flexible fibre is attached to said support member to cause said elongate fibre to flex or bend sympathetically with said support member thereby changing the emitted wavelength of said laser active region of said fibre; and force imparting means to impart force and to cause bending or flexing of said flexible member in accordance with said acoustic signal.
- the force imparting means cause the flexible member to bend in accordance with the acoustic signal.
- the force imparting means can be designed to be sensitive to only acoustic pressure and not to other physical effects such as bulk accelerations which could potentially impact the sensitivity of the sensor.
- FIGURE 1 is a side-on figurative view of an acoustic sensor according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIGURE 2 is an end-on view of the acoustic sensor illustrated in Figure 1;
- FIGURE 3 is a side-on view of the acoustic sensor illustrated in Figure 1 depicting the change ⁇ n configuration of the distributed feedback fibre laser due to concave bending of the support member relative to the fibre;
- FIGURE 4 is a side-on view of the acoustic sensor illustrated in Figure 1 depicting the change in configuration of the distributed feedback fibre laser due to convex bending of the support member relative to the fibre;
- FIGURE 5 is a side-on figurative view of an acoustic sensor according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
- FIGURE 6 is a side-on figurative view of the acoustic sensor illustrated in Figure 5 depicting the effect of acoustic pressure
- FIGURE 7 is a perspective view of the acoustic sensor illustrated in Figure 5;
- FIGURE 8 is a spring mass model of the acoustic sensor that may be adapted to model different embodiments of the present invention.
- Acoustic sensor 10 includes a distributed feedback fibre laser 14 incorporating a central active cavity or lasing region 13 and Bragg grating elements 16, 18 also located in the gain medium located on opposed sides of cavity 13.
- the combined effect of the Bragg grating elements 16, 18 is to cause emission of laser light having a wavelength defined by the structure of the central active cavity or lasing region 13.
- the fibre core is impregnated with Erbium ions which act as the active gain medium and pumping energy is supplied by way of 980 run (or 1480 nm) pumping radiation.
- Fibre laser 14 is attached along its length to an elongate flexible beam constructed from aluminium having dimensions of 53 mm (L) x 1 mm (T) x 2 mm (W).
- L 53 mm
- T x 1 mm
- W x 2 mm
- the precise dimensions and material properties of the beam will depend on a wide range of considerations including the range of acoustic wavelengths to be detected and the sensitivity that is to be achieved. Whilst in this embodiment, a prismatic aluminium beam is used, it would be clear to those skilled in the art that a general support member which flexes or bends in response to an acoustic signal would be equally applicable to the invention. Thus, there is no particular requirement that the support member be elongate and aligned with the fibre.
- acoustic sensor 10 in operation.
- fibre laser 14 is attached along its length to one side of flexible beam 24 by glue or alternatively a suitably viscous material such as grease or the like, any flexing or bending of beam 24 due to acoustic pressure will cause fibre laser 14 to flex or bend in accordance with the beam 24.
- fibre laser 14 is depicted attached to the convex side 15 of beam 24 as it undergoes bending. Fibre laser 14 will be brought into increased strain as the radius of curvature of bending of beam 24 decreases.
- the fibre laser 14 is depicted attached to the convex side 17 of flexible beam 24 as it undergoes bending.
- fibre laser 14 will be increasingly compressed as the radius of curvature of bending of beam 24 decreases. To ensure that the fibre laser 14 bends in accordance with the beam it can be attached to beam 24 in an already pre-tensioned state.
- acoustic sensor 10 in operation will be configured to be supported in such a way that the support member will flex under the influence of acoustic pressure.
- One illustrative mounting configuration includes a cube shaped support having five rigid sides and a sixth flexible side forming a diaphragm sensitive to acoustic pressure. The support member is then suitably mounted on the diaphragm.
- fibre laser 14 is attached to a planar surface of flexible beam 24, clearly the invention can be applied to support members which may include a curved or irregular support surface to which the fibre laser 14 is attached.
- the fibre laser 14 whilst in this first embodiment the fibre laser 14 is attached along its entire length to beam 24, equally the fibre laser 14 may be attached at discrete attachment points, the only requirement being that the fibre laser 14 bend or flex sympathetically with the beam 24.
- a distributed feedback fibre laser provides a convenient embodiment of a laser active region whose emission wavelength is sensitive to the physical environment.
- other flexible portions or members that include a laser active region are contemplated to be within the scope of the invention.
- One example includes depositing directly upon the support member a layer of optical material such as silica so as to have a predetermined non-uniform refractive index and/ or other optical characteristics to form an optical waveguide that includes a Bragg grating. A portion of the waveguide coincident with the Bragg grating is then made optically active by the addition of rare earth ions to the medium thereby forming a laser active region. Beam light can then be coupled into or out of the waveguide via an optical fibre connection at one or both of the ends of the flexible silica layer. When optical pump power is supplied via this optical end coupling, a distributed feedback laser will be formed in the laser active region of the waveguide with flexing or bending of the support member causing the associated laser wavelength to change according to the present invention.
- optical material such as silica
- acoustic sensor 10 is particularly suitable for deployment as a hydrophone due to its increased pressure sensitivity.
- Acoustic sensor 10 may be integrated into a wavelength division multiplexed system incorporating multiple sensors each lasing at discrete wavelengths as is known in the art. Changes in each of these wavelengths will indicate the presence of an acoustic signal at an associated sensor thereby providing a hydrophone array having increased sensitivity when compared to those of the prior art.
- acoustic sensor 50 according to a second embodiment of the present invention suitable for incorporation into a system that encounters bulk accelerations.
- Acoustic sensor 50 incorporates a pair of opposed diaphragm or web elements 44, 46 arranged either side of flexible support member 28.
- Top diaphragm 44 includes a pair of inner fulcrum or pivot points 36, 38 which abut the top surface of support member 28 and are arranged on opposed sides of the cavity region of fibre laser 14.
- Bottom diaphragm 46 includes a pair of outer fulcrum or pivot points 32, 30 which abut bottom surface of support member 28 at locations closer to the edges of support member 28.
- Top and bottom diaphragms 44, 46 are supported at their periphery by top and bottom flexible membranes 40, 41 respectively.
- Membranes are further attached at their respective outer edges to frame 42. In this manner, top and bottom diaphragms 44, 46 will undergo displacement inwards towards support member 28 under the action of acoustic pressure but will both be commonly accelerated under the action of a bulk acceleration thereby substantially reducing the effect of these accelerations upon the detected acoustic pressure.
- top and bottom diaphragms will move inwardly thereby causing top fulcrum points 36, 38 and bottom fulcrum points 32, 30 to also move together.
- the flexing or bending of the support member 28 and hence fibre laser 14 is distributed in a predetermined manner.
- the fulcrum or pivot points 36, 38, 32, 30 are arranged to cause the most flexing or bending of fibre laser 14 in those regions where the optical power of the lasing action is the highest and also to minimise the effect of bulk accelerations.
- the region of highest optical power is the resonant cavity which typically resides in the central region of fibre laser 14.
- FIG. 8 there is shown a spring mass diagram 100 suitable for modelling a hydrophone design at low frequencies in which strain is induced in a fibre laser by means of flexure of a beam.
- the flexure of the beam is caused by forces exerted on the beam 150 by a mechanical device in contact with the external pressure environment.
- Each piston 130, 140 that applies force to the beam is assumed to be attached to the outer body by a membrane 110, 120 of effective spring stiffness k m .
- Each piston 130, 140 is also assumed to have a surface area A p in contact with the external pressure field.
- the beam 150 behaves as a (flexural) spring of stiffness k h and mass m h .
- the factor of 4 is a geometric gain factor which in this case would apply to the 4 point beam mechanism of acoustic sensor 50.
- FOM provides a robust measure of the ratio of pressure sensitivity to acceleration sensitivity with higher values representing increased pressure sensitivity.
- one illustrative way to configure acoustic sensor 50 includes:
- top and bottom diaphragms 44, 46 have substantially equal mass
- top and bottom flexible membranes 40, 41 have substantially equal elastic coefficients (spring constants); 3. ensuring that the elastic coefficients of the beam, the elastic coefficients of the membrane, the mass of the beam and the area of the diaphragm are optimally configured so as to "maximise” FOM ; 4. substantially balancing the shear forces and moments imparted on the beam by ensuring that the distance of the outer fulcrum or pivot points 32, 30 from the edge of the support member 28 is substantially equal to the distance of the inner fulcrum or pivot points 36, 38 to the centre of support member 28.
- the laser will be most sensitive to strains at the very centre of the grating and virtually insensitive to strains outside of the central 10 to 20% of the device length.
- the strain in the fibre at any point will be proportional to the local curvature of the support member multiplied by the displacement of the fibre from the central axis of the support member.
- the curvature of the support member can be designed to be uniform and high across the sensitive region of the laser resulting in optimal pressure sensitivity.
- the applicants here have also found that under pure acceleration the wavelength shift or A ⁇ is minimised in the central regions of the support member. Accordingly, by optimising the geometrical configuration of the diaphragm or actuator arrangement with respect to the optical power distribution of the laser, it is possible to reduce the acceleration sensitivity by at least 20 dB compared to sub- optimal configurations.
- sensor 50 can then be incorporated into a moving or towed hydrophone array having the advantages of those systems based on fibre optic technology but also having increased sensitivity.
- the present invention may be applied to substantially eliminate the effects of non-acoustic background pressure changes that occur at increased depths.
- acoustic sensor 50 is sensitive to acoustic pressures of the order 100 ⁇ Pa and above, at frequencies below the first acoustic resonance which is at 2500 kHz. This can be compared to an unsupported fibre laser which is sensitive to only pressures above 1000 ⁇ Pa. Accordingly, the support member 24 can be seen to amplify the effects of acoustic pressure as measured by fibre laser 14 by approximately two orders of magnitude.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DK05789580.7T DK1794561T3 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2005-09-28 | OPTOACUSTIC PRESSURE SENSOR |
AU2005289365A AU2005289365B2 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2005-09-28 | Opto-acoustic pressure sensor |
EP05789580.7A EP1794561B1 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2005-09-28 | Opto-acoustic pressure sensor |
CA2581866A CA2581866C (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2005-09-28 | Acoustic pressure sensor |
JP2007532730A JP2008514902A (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2005-09-28 | Light sound pressure sensor |
US11/663,970 US8200050B2 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2005-09-28 | Opto-acoustic pressure sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2004905573 | 2004-09-28 | ||
AU2004905573A AU2004905573A0 (en) | 2004-09-28 | A sensor |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006034538A1 true WO2006034538A1 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
Family
ID=36118502
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/AU2005/001481 WO2006034538A1 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2005-09-28 | Opto-acoustic pressure sensor |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8200050B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1794561B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2008514902A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20070083887A (en) |
CN (1) | CN100538294C (en) |
CA (1) | CA2581866C (en) |
DK (1) | DK1794561T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006034538A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007056827A1 (en) * | 2005-11-21 | 2007-05-24 | Thales Underwater Systems Pty Limited | Methods, systems and apparatus for measuring acoustic pressure |
WO2010136724A1 (en) | 2009-05-29 | 2010-12-02 | Ixsea | Bragg grating fiber hydrophone with a bellows amplifier |
WO2010136723A1 (en) | 2009-05-29 | 2010-12-02 | Ixsea | Fiber bragg grating hydrophone comprising a diaphragm amplifier |
US8096187B2 (en) | 2009-02-26 | 2012-01-17 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Pressure sensor element and pressure sensor |
CN113405645A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-17 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Hydrostatic pressure resistant optical fiber hydrophone based on piston |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4817786B2 (en) * | 2005-10-03 | 2011-11-16 | 株式会社山武 | Differential pressure measurement system and differential pressure measurement method |
EP2236346B1 (en) * | 2009-04-02 | 2014-03-05 | Grammer Ag | Recognition device and method for recognising the occupation of a seat |
WO2012075474A2 (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2012-06-07 | Ofs Fitel, Llc | Dfb fiber laser bend sensor and optical heterodyne microphone |
EP2856098B1 (en) | 2012-05-25 | 2019-10-16 | Vascular Imaging Corporation | Optical fiber pressure sensor |
EP2698611A1 (en) | 2012-08-17 | 2014-02-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Displacement sensor, in particular for use in a subsea device |
EP2698610B1 (en) * | 2012-08-17 | 2015-04-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Displacement sensor, in particular for use in a subsea device |
CN102944342B (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2014-11-26 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Differential type optical fiber earth pressure gage |
US10327645B2 (en) | 2013-10-04 | 2019-06-25 | Vascular Imaging Corporation | Imaging techniques using an imaging guidewire |
US10537255B2 (en) | 2013-11-21 | 2020-01-21 | Phyzhon Health Inc. | Optical fiber pressure sensor |
US10258240B1 (en) | 2014-11-24 | 2019-04-16 | Vascular Imaging Corporation | Optical fiber pressure sensor |
US10444063B2 (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2019-10-15 | Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc | Downhole fiber optic hydrophone |
CN109186825B (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2021-02-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳) | Optical fiber macrobend pressure sensor and measuring system thereof |
FR3105824B1 (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2022-02-18 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Optical device for detecting an acoustic wave |
CN111337117B (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2022-07-05 | 青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室发展中心 | Optical fiber laser hydrophone |
US11656140B1 (en) | 2022-04-25 | 2023-05-23 | The Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Coated fiber optic pressure sensor with improved acceleration response |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2618549A1 (en) * | 1987-07-21 | 1989-01-27 | Cordons Equipements Sa | Optical sensor using polarisation modulation in an optical fibre |
GB2242518A (en) * | 1990-03-12 | 1991-10-02 | Univ Southampton | Strain gauge |
US6218661B1 (en) * | 1996-09-09 | 2001-04-17 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Methods and apparatus for mechanically enhancing the sensitivity of transversely loaded fiber optic sensors |
GB2384108A (en) | 2002-01-09 | 2003-07-16 | Qinetiq Ltd | Musical instrument sound detection |
GB2407154A (en) * | 2003-10-13 | 2005-04-20 | Univ Cranfield | Acoustic emission sensor based on a fused tapered optical coupler with sharp taper angle |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4294513A (en) * | 1979-09-11 | 1981-10-13 | Hydroacoustics Inc. | Optical sensor system |
GB9409033D0 (en) | 1994-05-06 | 1994-06-29 | Univ Southampton | Optical fibre laser |
US5867258A (en) | 1997-07-31 | 1999-02-02 | Litton Systems, Inc. | System for multiplexed high resolution measurement of frequency variations in multimode fiber laser acoustic sensors |
US6041070A (en) | 1997-11-14 | 2000-03-21 | Sdl, Inc. | Resonant pumped short cavity fiber laser |
US6522797B1 (en) | 1998-09-01 | 2003-02-18 | Input/Output, Inc. | Seismic optical acoustic recursive sensor system |
US6289740B1 (en) | 1998-10-26 | 2001-09-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Integrated fiber optic strain sensing using low-coherence wavelength-encoded addressing |
US6278811B1 (en) | 1998-12-04 | 2001-08-21 | Arthur D. Hay | Fiber optic bragg grating pressure sensor |
WO2000037914A2 (en) * | 1998-12-04 | 2000-06-29 | Cidra Corporation | Bragg grating pressure sensor |
US6233374B1 (en) | 1999-06-04 | 2001-05-15 | Cidra Corporation | Mandrel-wound fiber optic pressure sensor |
US6496264B1 (en) | 2000-07-24 | 2002-12-17 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Fiber optic acoustic sensor with specifically selected flexural disks |
US6778735B2 (en) * | 2001-03-19 | 2004-08-17 | Micron Optics, Inc. | Tunable fiber Bragg gratings |
US6998599B2 (en) * | 2002-05-28 | 2006-02-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Intensity modulated fiber optic microbend accelerometer |
JP2008503888A (en) * | 2004-06-24 | 2008-02-07 | コヒラス アクティーゼルスカブ | Improvement of parts including optical fiber using fiber Bragg grating and manufacturing method thereof |
-
2005
- 2005-09-28 CA CA2581866A patent/CA2581866C/en active Active
- 2005-09-28 KR KR1020077009927A patent/KR20070083887A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-09-28 WO PCT/AU2005/001481 patent/WO2006034538A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-09-28 CN CNB2005800372982A patent/CN100538294C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-09-28 DK DK05789580.7T patent/DK1794561T3/en active
- 2005-09-28 US US11/663,970 patent/US8200050B2/en active Active
- 2005-09-28 JP JP2007532730A patent/JP2008514902A/en active Pending
- 2005-09-28 EP EP05789580.7A patent/EP1794561B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2618549A1 (en) * | 1987-07-21 | 1989-01-27 | Cordons Equipements Sa | Optical sensor using polarisation modulation in an optical fibre |
GB2242518A (en) * | 1990-03-12 | 1991-10-02 | Univ Southampton | Strain gauge |
US6218661B1 (en) * | 1996-09-09 | 2001-04-17 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Methods and apparatus for mechanically enhancing the sensitivity of transversely loaded fiber optic sensors |
GB2384108A (en) | 2002-01-09 | 2003-07-16 | Qinetiq Ltd | Musical instrument sound detection |
GB2407154A (en) * | 2003-10-13 | 2005-04-20 | Univ Cranfield | Acoustic emission sensor based on a fused tapered optical coupler with sharp taper angle |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
DATABASE WPI Week 198911, Derwent World Patents Index; Class S02, AN 1989-079139, XP008113646 * |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007056827A1 (en) * | 2005-11-21 | 2007-05-24 | Thales Underwater Systems Pty Limited | Methods, systems and apparatus for measuring acoustic pressure |
US7969823B2 (en) | 2005-11-21 | 2011-06-28 | Thales Underwater Systems Pty Limited | Methods, systems and apparatus for measuring acoustic pressure |
US8096187B2 (en) | 2009-02-26 | 2012-01-17 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Pressure sensor element and pressure sensor |
WO2010136724A1 (en) | 2009-05-29 | 2010-12-02 | Ixsea | Bragg grating fiber hydrophone with a bellows amplifier |
WO2010136723A1 (en) | 2009-05-29 | 2010-12-02 | Ixsea | Fiber bragg grating hydrophone comprising a diaphragm amplifier |
CN113405645A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-17 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Hydrostatic pressure resistant optical fiber hydrophone based on piston |
CN113405645B (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2022-09-27 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Hydrostatic pressure resistant optical fiber hydrophone based on piston |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2008514902A (en) | 2008-05-08 |
EP1794561A1 (en) | 2007-06-13 |
KR20070083887A (en) | 2007-08-24 |
US20090180730A1 (en) | 2009-07-16 |
DK1794561T3 (en) | 2020-03-16 |
EP1794561B1 (en) | 2019-12-11 |
CN101065652A (en) | 2007-10-31 |
US8200050B2 (en) | 2012-06-12 |
CA2581866A1 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
CA2581866C (en) | 2014-12-23 |
EP1794561A4 (en) | 2017-01-04 |
CN100538294C (en) | 2009-09-09 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US8200050B2 (en) | Opto-acoustic pressure sensor | |
Foster et al. | A fiber laser hydrophone | |
DK3004829T3 (en) | Optical pressure sensor | |
Saheban et al. | Hydrophones, fundamental features, design considerations, and various structures: A review | |
AU2009226942B2 (en) | Self-referenced optical fibre sensor and related sensor network | |
US20060072888A1 (en) | Mutiplexed fiber optic sensor system | |
US20050157305A1 (en) | Micro-optical sensor system for pressure, acceleration, and pressure gradient measurements | |
US7460740B2 (en) | Intensity modulated fiber optic static pressure sensor system | |
US7020354B2 (en) | Intensity modulated fiber optic pressure sensor | |
US7345953B2 (en) | Flextensional vibration sensor | |
WO2000070320A2 (en) | Methods and apparatus for mechanically enhancing the sensitivity of longitudinally loaded fiber optic sensors | |
CN103134581A (en) | Push-pull type fiber laser vector hydrophone | |
Ames et al. | Erbium fiber laser accelerometer | |
Goodman et al. | Field demonstration of a DFB fibre laser hydrophone seabed array in Jervis Bay, Australia | |
Jan et al. | Photonic-Crystal-Based fiber hydrophone with Sub-$100~\mu $ Pa/$\surd $ Hz Pressure Resolution | |
US20070008544A1 (en) | Fiber-optic seismic sensor | |
AU2005289365B2 (en) | Opto-acoustic pressure sensor | |
NO329953B1 (en) | Fiber optic seismic sensor | |
Goodman et al. | Pressure compensated distributed feedback fibre laser hydrophone | |
US8130594B2 (en) | Mechanically filtered hydrophone | |
CN111854922A (en) | High-sensitivity one-dimensional plane cantilever beam type optical fiber sensor and three-dimensional vector hydrophone | |
Jackson et al. | A fibre laser acoustic vector sensor | |
Hansen et al. | Modelling of hydrophone based on a DFB fiber laser | |
Bucaro et al. | High frequency response of fiber-optic planar acoustic sensors | |
EP3850311A1 (en) | Fibre optic cables |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KM KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV LY MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NG NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SM SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
DPE1 | Request for preliminary examination filed after expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed from 20040101) | ||
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2581866 Country of ref document: CA Ref document number: 2007532730 Country of ref document: JP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2005289365 Country of ref document: AU |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2005789580 Country of ref document: EP |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2005289365 Country of ref document: AU Date of ref document: 20050928 Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2005289365 Country of ref document: AU |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200580037298.2 Country of ref document: CN |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1020077009927 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 3873/DELNP/2007 Country of ref document: IN |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2005789580 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 11663970 Country of ref document: US |