WO2006031334A2 - A self-powered vehicle speed sensor - Google Patents
A self-powered vehicle speed sensor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006031334A2 WO2006031334A2 PCT/US2005/028461 US2005028461W WO2006031334A2 WO 2006031334 A2 WO2006031334 A2 WO 2006031334A2 US 2005028461 W US2005028461 W US 2005028461W WO 2006031334 A2 WO2006031334 A2 WO 2006031334A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- speed
- speed sensor
- sample
- sensing vehicle
- vehicle speed
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
- G01S13/58—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
- G01S13/60—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems wherein the transmitter and receiver are mounted on the moving object, e.g. for determining ground speed, drift angle, ground track
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/003—Transmission of data between radar, sonar or lidar systems and remote stations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
- G01S7/4052—Means for monitoring or calibrating by simulation of echoes
- G01S7/4082—Means for monitoring or calibrating by simulation of echoes using externally generated reference signals, e.g. via remote reflector or transponder
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to sensing vehicle speed. More specifically, a self-powered vehicle speed sensor is disclosed.
- Vehicle speed sensors are frequently expensive and require power, a dedicated communication line, or both. Thus, these wire connections for the vehicle speed sensors require substantial infrastructure (and hence investment) in order to widely proliferate speed sensors. It would be helpful to have a vehicle speed sensor that was self-powered so that it does not require a wire connection for power. In addition, it would also be helpful to have a vehicle sensor that does not require a wire connection to communicate its information.
- Vehicle speed sensors usually have very specific mounting requirements. Some are buried in the road pavement; others must be mounted very close to the vehicle lane on a separate pole. It would be very helpful to have a speed sensor with a long sensing range, enabling it to be mounted in many different locations and still work effectively.
- Self-powered speed sensors are usually very bulky. They require large solar panels and lots of batteries for backup power. Often, they are too bulky and weigh too much to be installed on existing light poles or sign posts. It would be helpful to have a self-powered speed sensor that used very little power, shrinking the amount of batteries required and reducing the load on the pole.
- Figure 1 is a block diagram illustrating a self-powered vehicle speed sensor system.
- Figure 2 is a flow chart illustrating the steps of operation of the self-powered vehicle speed sensor system.
- Figure 3 is a flow chart illustrating the steps for preparing the speed sensor system.
- Figure 4 is a circuit diagram illustrating a preamplifier in the speed sensor system.
- Figure 5 is a flow chart illustrating the steps for acquiring speed sensor data.
- Figure 6 is a flow chart illustrating the steps for processing the speed sensor data.
- the invention can be implemented in numerous ways, including as a process, an apparatus, a system, a composition of matter, a computer readable medium such as a computer readable storage medium or a computer network wherein program instructions are sent over optical or electronic communication links.
- these implementations, or any other form that the invention may take, maybe referred to as techniques.
- the order of the steps of disclosed processes may be altered within the scope of the invention.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a self-powered vehicle speed sensor system, hi one embodiment, speed sensor 100 sends its signal to front end 102.
- Front end 102 includes a preamp and filter 104, which amplifies and filters the data signal from the sensor, and an analog-to-digital (AJO) converter 106, which digitizes the data signal from the sensor.
- Digital signal processor (DSP) 108 then processes the digitized data signal. The processed information is then sent using wireless data modem 110 to a centralized server.
- DSP 108 also controls the battery manager 118, which is part of the overall battery management system 112.
- the battery management system 112 controls a) charging of battery 114 from solar panel 116 and also b) providing power from either battery 114 or solar panel 116 to the rest of the speed sensor system.
- Power manager 120 intelligently turns on and off subsystems to efficiently use the power provided by the battery management system 112.
- the battery management system 112 and the power manager 120 allow the speed sensor system to be self-powered from the solar panel. It is not necessary to attach the speed sensor system to an electric power supply wire. This also makes the speed sensor system easy to install because no wires need to be connected to the speed sensor system, hi addition, because of the power management system, the battery can be small and this reduces the weight of the speed sensor system.
- speed sensor 100 is a Doppler speed sensor, which has a microwave source and receiver that is designed to measure the speed of objects using the Doppler shift in the back-reflected microwaves.
- the power manager 120 intelligently controls the frequency and duration of the speed measurements. If the traffic is moving at a normal speed, the measurements, or samples, are less frequent than if the traffic is very slow. In addition, the power manager 120 would also lower the frequency of samples when the battery power is low to preserve power until the next charging time.
- FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating the steps of operation of the self-powered vehicle speed sensor system.
- the speed sensor system prepares to take a measurement. Because the power manager turns off power hungry circuitry except when necessary, the system needs to turn on and stabilize the measurement electronics.
- the speed data sample is acquired.
- the speed data sample is processed, hi step 206, the speed information is transmitted to a centralized server.
- FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating the steps for preparing the speed sensor system.
- step 300 the microwave source of the speed sensor and the preamplifiers are turned on.
- step 302 the system waits in order to stabilize the electronics after the microwave source is turned on. . hi step 306, the in-line capacitor is pre-charged.
- step 308 the charge saver switch is closed.
- the speed sensor has a calibration system that can be used at power up to check the speed sensor. Using a known oscillating target in front of the speed sensor a speed measurement can be made and compared against the known speed achieved for that target.
- FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram illustrating a preamplifier in the speed sensor system.
- Preamplifier 406 is designed to take the speed sensor signal input 408 and produce an amplified output 410.
- switch 400 When switch 400 is closed the capacitor 404 is rapidly charged.
- switch 402 When switch 402 is closed the charge saver function is off for capacitor 404. This method is used to rapidly stabilize the preamplifier signal path to prepare it for the data signal.
- Figure 5 is a flow chart illustrating the steps for acquiring speed sensor data.
- step 500 the acquisition system electronics is allowed to stabilize, hi step 502, the analog-to-digital (AfD) converter is turned on.
- step 504 the data samples required to measure speed and direction are taken. For direction, the sine and cosine components of the back-reflected microwave signal are sampled, hi step 506, the microwave source, preamplifiers, and A/D converter are turned off again to preserve power, and the charge saver switch is opened to preserve the capacitor charge until the next measurement.
- AfD analog-to-digital
- FIG. 6 is a flow chart illustrating the steps for processing the speed sensor data
- the digital signal processor DSP
- the DSP calculates speed information in both directions by performing FFT analysis on the sine and cosine components of the speed sensor data.
- the DSP processes the return signal by separating it into its component frequencies, and splitting the frequencies into cohorts that correspond to O.lmph increments.
- the average speed is calculated by averaging the speed of all of the cohorts which were found to have a positive return from the Doppler radar signal, hi step 604, the DSP is returned to low-power mode, hi step 606, the average speeds for both directions of the traffic are calculated.
- the high occupancy vehicle traffic speed can be separately calculated from the non-high occupancy vehicle traffic speed
- hi step 608 the speed information is averaged over a number of samples (e.g. four samples where a sample is taken every 250 milliseconds)
- hi step 610 the average speed information is corrected for the angle that the speed sensor is placed at with respect to the road. In some embodiments, the angle correction is performed after the information is sent to the server.
- the calculated speed information is placed into a psuedo-RS232 packet to be transmitted over the wireless data modem to a server.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/915,946 US7558695B2 (en) | 2004-08-10 | 2004-08-10 | Self-powered vehicle speed sensor |
US10/915,946 | 2004-08-10 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006031334A2 true WO2006031334A2 (en) | 2006-03-23 |
WO2006031334A3 WO2006031334A3 (en) | 2006-10-05 |
Family
ID=35799481
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2005/028461 WO2006031334A2 (en) | 2004-08-10 | 2005-08-08 | A self-powered vehicle speed sensor |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7558695B2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006031334A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20080303513A1 (en) * | 2007-06-08 | 2008-12-11 | Kelsey-Hayes Company | Wireless active wheel speed sensor |
US20090171528A1 (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2009-07-02 | Sandisk Il Ltd. | Apparatus and process for recording data associated with a vehicle |
CH700149A1 (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2010-06-30 | Dzotec Sa | The standalone radar electrically. |
US8115477B2 (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2012-02-14 | Electro-Sensors, Inc. | Shaft speed sensor with analog output |
US20110035140A1 (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-02-10 | James Candy | Vehicle sensing system utilizing smart pavement markers |
FR2957708B1 (en) | 2010-03-19 | 2013-05-31 | Capsys | VEHICLE TRAFFIC MONITORING SYSTEM ON A COURSE AND METHOD FOR OPERATING SUCH A SYSTEM |
US8452771B2 (en) | 2011-01-03 | 2013-05-28 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Method for differentiating traffic data obtained from probe vehicles |
GB2498568B (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2014-09-24 | Cp Electronics Ltd | Sensing device and method of calibration |
US9304142B1 (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2016-04-05 | A. Steve Gurganian | Energy harvesting zero-speed sensor device, method and system |
WO2015037173A1 (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2015-03-19 | パナソニック株式会社 | Radar device, vehicle, and moving-body-speed detection method |
US11017663B2 (en) | 2016-10-03 | 2021-05-25 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Ultra-low-power traffic-monitoring system |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2006031334A3 (en) | 2006-10-05 |
US20060033642A1 (en) | 2006-02-16 |
US7558695B2 (en) | 2009-07-07 |
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