WO2005031661A1 - Gate logic for sheet handling - Google Patents
Gate logic for sheet handling Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005031661A1 WO2005031661A1 PCT/SE2004/001377 SE2004001377W WO2005031661A1 WO 2005031661 A1 WO2005031661 A1 WO 2005031661A1 SE 2004001377 W SE2004001377 W SE 2004001377W WO 2005031661 A1 WO2005031661 A1 WO 2005031661A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- reading head
- gate logic
- logic unit
- banknote
- circuit board
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
- G07D7/20—Testing patterns thereon
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
- G07D7/06—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using wave or particle radiation
- G07D7/12—Visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a banknote reader that reads banknotes for at least one of determination of denomination, control of authenticity and image processing of a value document such as, for example, a banknote. It comprises a reading head with electronic components for reading a value document, and a means for processing the data that has been read. The invention also concerns a method that is used by a banknote reader.
- a banknote reader that reads banknotes for at least one of determination of denomination, control of authenticity and image processing of a value document such as, for example, a banknote. It comprises a reading head with electronic components for reading a value document, and a means for processing the data that has been read.
- the invention also concerns a method that is used by a banknote reader.
- the reading of banknotes can be classified into two categories.
- the first category is the determination of value and denomination, while the second category is the control of authenticity. Either one category or both categories may be used, depending of the area of application and the requirements of the customer.
- a common method for determining the denomination of a banknote comprises measuring its length and breadth. Swedish banknotes have different formats for each individual denomination, as do other European banknotes. There are also currencies, such as the US dollar, in which all banknotes have the same physical format. In those cases in which the banknotes of particular currencies have different formats, measurements of the length and breadth provide a unique signature for the different denominations.
- a collection of measurement methods for determining the denomination of banknotes may comprise: • LENGTH in combination with BREADTH • BREADTH • IMAGE (reads the denomination for the actual currency) • AREA (measures the area of the banknote).
- the first two measurement methods listed above are implemented with an IR (infrared) detector in the form of a reading fork in combination with a rotation sensor connected to the transport band in a banknote feed.
- a line consisting of IR detectors placed over the transport band measures the breadth.
- the latter two measurement methods require an advanced detector and electronic components.
- a banknote is read by a linear element (it is "scanned") for image processing and recognition, and according to the prior art, the data is post-
- RECORD COPY - TRANSLATION (Rule 12.4) processed in a microprocessor, CPU (Central Processing Unit), DSP (Digital Signal processor) or similar.
- a banknote reader with image processing can carry out, for example, the following measurements: • DENOMINATION and CURRENCY (it can handle the currencies of different countries in the same machine) • BAR-CODE, DISCOUNT LABELS, DEPOSIT RECEIPTS, and similar • SERIAL NUMBERS (identification of individual banknotes for deposit machines and dispensing machines) • CURRENCY PROTECTION DYE (detection of dyed banknotes, dye staining).
- the image processing for determination of denomination is relatively straightforward. Recognition of images requires specific measurement methods. Methods for this process are implemented according to the prior art in program code or using DSP- instructions.
- the method using DSP-instructions is the simpler method to implement since it is possible to separate the hardware and the software in a traditional manner, but the DSP- method has disadvantages in that it is expensive, requires many electronic components and thus a large area with suitable cooling and loss of, among other factors, performance due to the construction and the execution of the software.
- Two or more types of detector are required in order to achieve a credible and high-quality control of authenticity. There is no method known based on a single detector that can detect false banknotes.
- a banknote reader that reads the complete banknote is required in this case. It is difficult to manufacture and to counterfeit the security thread. It is present as a simple homogenous metallic strip, coded with holes in the strip or coated with metallic points. The presence of a security thread can be detected with the aid of a recording head similar to the head that is present in, for example, music cassette players. When decoding a security thread, several recording heads are required or one broader recording head is required, or a magnetic sensor element that is located across the transport band in the banknote feeder.
- An integrated banknote evaluator is described in the document US 2003/0178282 with a number of digital cameras for image recording and evaluation of the images in an image evaluation unit, using comparison.
- the banknote evaluator is bulky, and it does not contain gate logic.
- the patent document US-A-5, 806,649 specifies a banknote evaluator with a bulky outer. The evaluator detects the edges of banknotes and evaluates the banknote using reflectance against a photosensor. It does not exhibit scanning, nor does it exhibit gate logic.
- the invention concerns a banknote reader and a method for at least one of determination of denomination, authenticity control, and image processing of a banknote.
- the invention in this way solves the problems described above, in particular problems related to the use of the method of DSP instructions and other software-based data processing methods according to the prior art. These have disadvantages in that they are expensive, require many electronic components and thus a large area with suitable cooling, operating systems and losses in, among other factors, performance due to the design and execution of the software.
- the concept "banknote reader” according to the present invention is broader than solely comprising a banknote in the form of money, it is also to comprise an arrangement for reading value coupons, bar-codes, deposit receipts and other documents having a value.
- the banknote reader processes the input signal and specifies as an output signal what the type of value of the document is.
- the concept of "banknote” comprises also other value documents, such as value coupons, bar-codes and similar documents, when it is used according to the present invention.
- the present invention specifies a hardware solution in the form of a gate logic unit in order to solve the said problems and to achieve the intended goals.
- the invention thus specifies a banknote reader for at least one of denomination determination, authenticity control, and image processing of a value document. It comprises a reading head with electronic components for reading a value document, and means for processing the data that is read.
- the reading head is connected to the gate logic unit, which constitutes the said means, and which is programmed with a measurement method/algorithm for treating the data read, whereby the denomination of a value document and its authenticity are determined with respect to predetermined conditions of the output signals of the gate logic unit.
- the gate logic unit is constituted by an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) or similar.
- the gate logic unit is arranged in one embodiment on a circuit board.
- the gate logic unit is connected using circuit boards to electronic circuit boards/electronic components of the reading head through board-to-board contacts.
- the circuit board that comprises the gate logic unit has in one preferred embodiment smaller, or essentially the same, length and breadth as the extent of the electronic components of the reading head.
- the banknote reader is contained within a volume of (128 x 25 x 30) mm.
- the volume of the reading head with the gate logic unit connected to it can be achieved in less than or equal to twice the volume of the actual reading head, which gives a compact banknote reader with much smaller dimensions than conventional readers.
- the data processing arrangement of the banknote reader can be manufactured integrated with the reading head of a banknote reader, with occupation of the minimum space possible in the vicinity of the feed input of a banknote reader.
- the present invention also specifies a method for a banknote reader for at least one of denomination determination, authenticity control and image processing of a value document, comprising a reading head with electronic components for reading a value document and means for processing the data that is read.
- the method is carried out in the banknote reader through the reading head being connected to gate logic unit in the form of the said means, that is programmed with an algorithm for the processing of the data that is read, whereby the denomination of a banknote and its authenticity are determined with respect to predetermined conditions for the output signals of the gate logic unit. Further embodiments of the method are associated with the above-specified embodiments of the banknote reader, and are specified in the attached dependent claims related to the method.
- Fig. 1 illustrates schematically a banknote reader with conventional data processing/image processing with DSP/CPU and software, in a side elevation and a block diagram.
- Fig. 2 illustrates schematically the design of a banknote reader according to the prior art in perspective, in order to make clear its size.
- Fig. 3 illustrates schematically a banknote reader according to the present invention, in side elevation.
- Fig. 4 illustrates schematically the banknote reader according to Figure 3 in perspective.
- Fig. 5 illustrates schematically how oblique feed and horizontal displacement of a banknote is detected/measured.
- An FPGA is an integrated circuit comprising logical building blocks such as logic gates, memory cells, LUTs (look-up tables), inputs and outputs, etc. It is possible to construct a tailored circuit using these building blocks by connecting building blocks to each other. This has the advantage that the design is very flexible and it is easy to modify the design at a later stage.
- a second reason is that it is desirable to integrate the reading head and its electronic components for the reading of a banknote with the electronic components for data processing of a banknote that has been read. Furthermore, an FPGA design is difficult to copy, since the logic, and thus the algorithm, for data processing is hidden in the circuit solution, something that may be important for, for example, preserving "know-how". Furthermore, it is difficult to transfer a written measurement method/algorithm (in a programming language) to pure logic, and this is the reason that currently existing banknote readers use DSP for data processing and image processing.
- the concept "banknote reader” according to the present invention is broad er than solely comprising a reader that reads money, it also comprises an arrangement for reading value coupons, bar-codes and other documents having a value.
- the banknote reader data processes the input signal and specifies as an output signal what the type of the denomination of the document is.
- the concept of "banknote” comprises also other value documents, such as value coupons, bar-codes, deposit receipts and similar documents, when it is used according to the present invention.
- the concept of "banknote” will in the further description in the present case include a value document, preferably of paper or a material similar to paper.
- Figure 1 illustrates schematically the prior art for banknote readers.
- the banknote reader in Figure 1 comprises an image reader/reading head 10, with an electronic circuit board 12 integrated with the reading head 10 as is commercially available, for the reading and digitising of banknotes.
- the reading head 10 is connected to the circuit board 12 through a contact 14 in one possible embodiment.
- the banknote reader has a data processing/image processing means 18 that consists of an input and output circuit board I/O 20 and a DSP/CPU 22.
- the reading head 10 with the circuit board 12 is shown schematically connected to the I/O circuit board 20 through a flat cable 26.
- the data processing/image processing means 18 is connected to, for example, a PC 24, or another suitable data processing arrangement, for display and for other data processing during the reading of banknotes.
- the reading head 10 with the circuit board 12 in Figure 1 have actual dimensions of 128 mm in length, 25 mm in breadth, and 15 mm in height.
- the circuit board 12 has in Figure 2 been schematically drawn with dashed lines such that a viewer will be able to obtain an impression of how the circuit board 12 has been placed on top of the reading head 10. In reality, the dimensions of the circuit board 12 essentially agree with the dimensions of the upper surface of the actual reading head 10, such that the electronic components in the circuit and the circuit board 12 lie essentially within the boundaries of the reading head 10.
- FIG 3 illustrates schematically a banknote reader according to the present invention where the data processing/image processing means 18 has been replaced by a gate logic unit 32, preferably an FPGA, that is supported by a circuit board 30, shown dashed in Figure 3 as was the circuit board 12, which in one embodiment of the invention is connected to the electronic circuit board 12 of the reading head through a board-to-board connector 28.
- the circuit board 30 with the gate logic unit 32 can essentially agree with the size of the electronic section or the circuit board 12 of the reading head, whereby there is space within the boundaries of the reading head 10 for also the logic on the circuit board 30, as is the case for the circuit board 12. This is made most clear in the side elevation according to Figure 3.
- the banknote reader according to the invention has dimensions of 128 mm in length, 25 mm is breadth and 25 to 26 mm in height in one embodiment comprising the reading head 10, the circuit board 12 and the circuit board 30 with the gate logic unit.
- the banknote reader according to the invention has only increased its dimensions by approximately 10 mm in height, in comparison with the prior art as is illustrated in Figure 2.
- Data processing/image processing means 18 that are commercially available typically have dimensions of 100 x 100 x 100 mm.
- Figure 4 illustrates the present invention schematically in perspective where the data processing/image processing means 18 has been replaced by the gate logic unit 32, whereby in contrast to the means 18 according to the prior art, the equivalent gate logic unit 32 is now integrated with the reading head 10, and space is available withi n the boundaries of the reading head.
- the gate electronic circuits 32 with the circuit board 30 have only increased the height extent of the reading head such that the circuit boards 12 and 30 are located within essentially twice or less than twice the volume of the reading head, such as within the dimensions 128 mm in length, 25 mm in breadth, and approximately 25 to 26 mm in height, which constitutes a significant difference in space made available, when the banknote reader is mounted in the vicinity of a banknote feed for the reading of banknotes, when compared with the size relationship between the reading head 10 and the means 18 in Figure 2.
- the embodiment of the image reader/reading head 10 that has been used to specify embodiments in the current description is of a linear type, i.e. it reads one line at a time, but other types of reading head are not excluded.
- the image reader/reading head 10 consists of an analogue linear element with the dimensions 128 mm in length, 25 mm in breadth, and 15 mm in height, and approximately 850 active points, with electronic components that compensate for deviations and that convert the signal to a digital format. Approximately 108 mm of the length of the linear element is used for scanning, something that allows adaptation to the widths of possible banknotes. Broader readers are available such that it will be possible to read banknotes in a longitudinal direction.
- the image reader/reading head 10 is available with different LEDs: red, green, blue and infrared. It is sufficient to use solely IR for determining denominations.
- banknote readers in general, and the banknote reader according to the present invention have at least two purposes. It is to determine the denomination, such as SEK 20 or SEK 50, etc., of the banknote, depending on how many types of banknote a country or a community has, and it is to determine whether the banknote is authentic. Feed of banknotes into a banknote feed arrangement according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention does not depend on horizontal position, nor does it depend on angle. This means that a banknote 40 is fed in by hand, without for that reason it being necessary that the banknote should make contact with an edge.
- the ban knote can thus be fed in crooked or oblique.
- the algorithm/the electronic components for determination of the denomination and currency according to the present invention correct for all angular errors up to a value of +/- 15 degrees and for inaccurate horizontal feed of a banknote, something that is treated in a separate associated patent application with the same applicants as the present invention.
- Algorithms for the determination of authenticity of banknotes are divided into determination of denomination and control of authenticity. The determination of denomination is based on the physical size of a banknote.
- a measurement method in the present invention corrects for any angular errors present if a banknote is fed in obliquely, and it corrects for any horizontal displacement from a reference plane, which is, as has been previously mentioned, described in an associated patent application, but which is, nevertheless, described here.
- Oblique feed or horizontal displacement of a banknote is determined by measuring the breadth of a banknote 40 at two locations or points separated by a distance x from each other. If the banknote is located obliquely or is displaced, the distance "a" will increase. The measurement of breadth is achieved from a reference plane 42, a reference line or another suitable reference.
- the function f is constituted in one embodiment by a table with tabulated values for different values of a. It will be realised that the equation can be solved by trigonometric calculations.
- an authentic banknote has an IR signature that is unique for just that banknote.
- the infrared image is read into a histogram, which is then compared with a typical histogram profile for just that denomination. If the signature of the banknote that has been read in agrees within certain limits with the preprogrammed histogram, the banknote is judged to be suthentic.
- the scope of the attached patent claims specifies further embodiments for one skilled in the arts in this technical area.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04775478A EP1668605B1 (en) | 2003-09-26 | 2004-09-24 | Gate logic for sheet handling |
DE602004008491T DE602004008491D1 (en) | 2003-09-26 | 2004-09-24 | GATE LOGIC FOR LEAF HANDLING |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE0302558A SE525650C2 (en) | 2003-09-26 | 2003-09-26 | Procedure and apparatus |
SE0302558-2 | 2003-09-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005031661A1 true WO2005031661A1 (en) | 2005-04-07 |
Family
ID=29246967
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/SE2004/001377 WO2005031661A1 (en) | 2003-09-26 | 2004-09-24 | Gate logic for sheet handling |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1668605B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE371237T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602004008491D1 (en) |
SE (1) | SE525650C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005031661A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5547061A (en) * | 1993-12-27 | 1996-08-20 | Nippon Conlux Co., Ltd. | Currency-identifying apparatus |
US5806649A (en) * | 1994-06-15 | 1998-09-15 | Coin Bill Validator, Inc. | Paper currency validator |
US20030178282A1 (en) * | 2002-03-25 | 2003-09-25 | Dong-Shan Bao | Integrated currency validator |
US20040011619A1 (en) * | 2002-07-12 | 2004-01-22 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Bill validator |
-
2003
- 2003-09-26 SE SE0302558A patent/SE525650C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2004
- 2004-09-24 EP EP04775478A patent/EP1668605B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2004-09-24 WO PCT/SE2004/001377 patent/WO2005031661A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2004-09-24 AT AT04775478T patent/ATE371237T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-09-24 DE DE602004008491T patent/DE602004008491D1/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5547061A (en) * | 1993-12-27 | 1996-08-20 | Nippon Conlux Co., Ltd. | Currency-identifying apparatus |
US5806649A (en) * | 1994-06-15 | 1998-09-15 | Coin Bill Validator, Inc. | Paper currency validator |
US20030178282A1 (en) * | 2002-03-25 | 2003-09-25 | Dong-Shan Bao | Integrated currency validator |
US20040011619A1 (en) * | 2002-07-12 | 2004-01-22 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Bill validator |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE602004008491D1 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
SE525650C2 (en) | 2005-03-29 |
EP1668605B1 (en) | 2007-08-22 |
ATE371237T1 (en) | 2007-09-15 |
SE0302558L (en) | 2005-03-27 |
EP1668605A1 (en) | 2006-06-14 |
SE0302558D0 (en) | 2003-09-26 |
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