WO2004041913A1 - Electroluminescent metallo-supramolecules with terpyridine-based groups - Google Patents
Electroluminescent metallo-supramolecules with terpyridine-based groups Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004041913A1 WO2004041913A1 PCT/CN2003/000891 CN0300891W WO2004041913A1 WO 2004041913 A1 WO2004041913 A1 WO 2004041913A1 CN 0300891 W CN0300891 W CN 0300891W WO 2004041913 A1 WO2004041913 A1 WO 2004041913A1
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- CHLICZRVGGXEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc(cc1)ccc1OC Chemical compound Cc(cc1)ccc1OC CHLICZRVGGXEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWLRUZDSONRQAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc(cc1)ccc1OCc1cc(C)ccc1 Chemical compound Cc(cc1)ccc1OCc1cc(C)ccc1 TWLRUZDSONRQAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom containing two or more pyridine rings directly linked together, e.g. bipyridyl
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- C07D271/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
- C07D271/06—1,2,4-Oxadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-oxadiazoles
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- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
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- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
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- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
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- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
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- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
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- H10K85/113—Heteroaromatic compounds comprising sulfur or selene, e.g. polythiophene
- H10K85/1135—Polyethylene dioxythiophene [PEDOT]; Derivatives thereof
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- H10K85/114—Poly-phenylenevinylene; Derivatives thereof
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- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/917—Electroluminescent
Definitions
- the present invention relates to highly fluorescent metallo-supramolecules, which show strong and different color emissions through variation of the moieties of the supramolecules, and which provide new sights into the design of efficient light-emitting polymers and devices for electroluminescence.
- OLEDs and PLEDs were first introduced into the market in 1999 and in 2002. Attracted by many advantages over LCD technology such as simple structure, thin-layer thickness, Ught-weight, wide viewing angle, low operating voltage, and possibility of producing large area display, over 100 manufacturers are engaged in the OLED and PLED development.
- Organic polymers provide considerable processing advantages over small molecules especially for the large area display. By using spin-coating or ink-jet printing method, the devices can be easily fabricated.
- blue-light PLEDs show some technical problems. These include design shortcoming, difficulties in purifying polymers, color purity problems, low efficiencies (maximum efficiency ⁇ 2.5 cd/A) and short lifetime of devices (-200 hrs at 20 mA/cm 2 (lifetime to half brightness)).
- poly(phenylene vinylene) (PPV) US 5,747,182) and PPV derivatives such as poly(2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy-l,4- phenylenevinylene) (MEH-PPV) (US 5,401,827; US 6,284,435) have been disclosed.
- Other suitable materials include polyf ⁇ -phenylene) (PPP) and related derivatives (Angew. Chem., Int. Ed., 37, 402, (1998); Adv.
- 2,2':6',2"-terpyridine has received considerable attention as strong chelating agent to metal ions in recent years.
- these metal-terpy polymers have been of great interest regarding their redox behaviors and photophysical properties.
- Terpyridy-pendent poly(amido amine) and bis(terpyridine) containing ligands with Fe 2+ or Co 2+ ions were prepared by Abruna et al. (J. Phys. Chem. B, 105, 8746, (2001)). Some metallocentric dendrimers and metallodendrimers have been disclosed by Constable et al. (Chem. Commun., 1073, (1997)).
- polymers based on the metal-induced and self-assembling system were prepared by simple reactions between zinc ions and terpyridine-based monomers.
- the octahedral coordinating geometry of the metal complex leads to the formation of stable linkages along the polymer chains.
- These metallo-supramolecules with well-defined architectures provide strong emissions from violet to blue, green, or yellow color with high quantum efficiencies.
- the main objective of this invention is to prepare a metallo-supramolecule system and the use thereof in, for example, electroluminescent (EL) devices.
- EL electroluminescent
- the present invention is related to a molecule which acts as a tridentate ligand and forms stable complex by chelating a broad variety of transition metals.
- the present invention is directed to a polymer composition comprising repeat units selected from the group of terpyridine-based moieties, and to processes for synthesis and using in, for example, polymeric hght-emitting diodes (PLEDs).
- the metallo-supramolecules are composed of terpyridine-based monomers and transition metals.
- a new class of metallo-supramolecule is prepared.
- the preferred embodiment of the supramolecule herein is:
- M represents Group IB, UB VuA, VHIA or lanthanide metals
- R is independently in each occurrence and is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, or recognized donor and acceptor groups
- X is independently in each occurrence and is nitrogen or carbon atom
- R' is selected from alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl ketone, aryl ketone, heteroaryl ketone, alkylester, arylester, heteroarylester, alkylamide, arylamide, heteroarylamide, alkylthio, arylthio, fluoroalkyl, fluoroaryl, amine, imide, carboxylate, sulfonyl, alkyleneoxy, polyalkyleneoxy, or combination thereof; n is an integer of 1 to 100,000; Z is a counter ion and is selected from
- the supramolecules can be easily prepared by reactions between the zinc ions and the terpyridine-based monomers in N- methylpyrroHdinone (NMP).
- NMP N- methylpyrroHdinone
- each repeating unit of the supramolecules disposes in well geometrically controlled linear array.
- the emission wavelength ranges from violet to blue, green or yellow and is dependent on the compositions of the polymers.
- PLEDs polymeric hght-emitting diodes
- an active emissive layer comprising a supramolecule and (d) an electron-injecting cathode layer wherein transparent hole-injecting anode layer is selected from the group of high work function metals or metal alloys; transparent hole-transporting layer is selected from the group of poly(aniline) (PAN!) or ⁇ oly(3,4-ethylenedioxythio ⁇ hene)/( ⁇ oly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS); active emissive layer is selected from the group of metallo-supramolecules which are disclosed in this invention; and electron-injecting cathode layer is selected from the group of metals with low work functions.
- transparent hole-injecting anode layer is selected from the group of high work function metals or metal alloys
- transparent hole-transporting layer is selected from the group of poly(aniline) (PAN!) or ⁇ oly(3,4-ethylenedioxythio ⁇ hene)/( ⁇ oly(styrenesulfon
- the inventions are generally related to syntheses, spectral characterization, photoluminescence, electroluminescence of the supramolecules and their applications in polymeric Hght-emitting devices (PLEDs).
- PLEDs polymeric Hght-emitting devices
- two series of supramolecules have been designed.
- the spacer unit R' is based on flexible oxymethylene linkage (-OCH 2 -) along the main chain of the supramolecules.
- the spacer is based on conjugated phenylene derivatives along the rigid backbone of the supramolecules.
- Model compounds 5a and 5b were synthesized according to a modified procedure described in the literature (Polyhedron, 17, 373, (1998)). By simple reactions between the zinc acetate dihydrate and the terpyridine-based monomers in N-methylpyrrolidinone ( ⁇ MP), zinc metal ions were employed as assembling center to form polymers 7a - 7i.
- ⁇ MP N-methylpyrrolidinone
- model compound 5a zinc acetate dihydrate (1 mmol) and 4'-phenyl-2,2':6',2"- terpyridine (1 mmol) were heated at 100 °C in 10 mL N-methylpyrrolidinone ( ⁇ MP) under a nitrogen atmosphere for 3 h. After filtration, excess potassium hexafluorophosphate (KPF 6 ) was added into filtrate. The precipitate was washed with methanol and the solid was recrystallized with mixture of ethanol and CH 3 C ⁇ . Yield: 86 %. FABMS: m/e 685;
- the physical properties of the supramolecules are summarized in table 1.
- the inherent viscosities of the supramolecules range from 0.48-1.21 dL/g as determined by Ubbelohde viscometer in NMP at 30 ⁇ 0.1 °C.
- the thermal behavior of the supramolecules was measured by TGA and DSC.
- the thermograms are depicted in Figure 6.
- the onset decomposition temperatures C of the supramolecules are from 336 (polymer 7e) to 433 °C (polymer 7h) under nitrogen atmosphere where 95 % of their mass is retained. In air, the decomposition temperatures are slightly lowered, and there are 15-25 % residues left after being heated to 800 °C. No clear phase transition is observed in DSC scans up to 300 °C. This evidence reveals that the glass transition temperatures of the supramolecules are extremely high.
- Figure 7 shows representative UV-vis absorption spectrum of polymer 7a.
- the optical band gap (absorption edge) is 3.19 eV.
- PL spectra of polymer 7a in solution and as thin-film are also demonstrated. Blue-color PL emissions are observed at ⁇ max 450 and 448 nm both in DMAC and as casting film.
- the PL emission spectra of the polymer 7c in solution and as thin-films are shown in Figure 8.
- DMAC intense blue-color emission with a featureless emission band at ⁇ max 457 nm is observed.
- the emission maximum of the polymer as spin-coated and casing films are shifted by 25 376 cm "1 compared to that in solution respectively.
- the PL emission color of the supramolecules can be tuned.
- the emission colors of these polymers are blue (polymer 7a), green (polymer 7f), green (polymer 7g), and yellow (polymer 7i), which have PL emission peaks at ⁇ - ⁇ 450, 546, 530, and 567 nm, respectively.
- a LUMO level was calculated from measured reduction potential versus ferrocene/ferrocenium couple in
- the absolute energy level of ferrocene is -4.8 eV b
- the HOMO level was estimated from energy difference between LUMO energy level and bandgap 0
- the bandgap was estimated from absorption spectrum in DMAC by extrapolating the tail of the lowest energy peak.
- the relative HOMO and LUMO levels of these supramolecules can be estimated by their reduction potentials and the optical band gaps.
- the electronic properties are summarized in 5 table 3.
- Figure 11 schematically illustrates the HOMO-LUMO levels and bandgaps of the supramolecules.
- the energy gaps between HOMO-LUMO levels of the supramolecules with oxymethylene linkage along their backbone are very similar, which are from 3.19 eV for 7a to 3.26 eV for 7d.
- These polymers show strong blue-light emissions in DMAC solution and as thin-films respectively.
- Polymers 7f, 7g and 7h exhibit similar electronic energy levels with 10 LUMO energy levels from -3.61 to -3.67 eV and HOMO energy levels from -6.56 to -6.59 eV, and show strong green PL emissions as thin-films.
- Polymer 7h has the narrowest bandgap of 2.64 eV. A bright yellow-color emission of the polymer as thin-film is obtained.
- FIG. 15 12 An electroluminescent device according to this invention is schematically illustrated in Figure 15 12.
- the blue-light PLED with configuration of ITO/PEDOT/PSS/polymer 7a/Ca (30 A)/A1 (120 A) was prepared.
- the device A was assembled as follows:
- the device A was prepared on indium-tin-oxide (ITO) glass with sheet resistance of 20 ⁇ /V, which had been cleaned sequentially in detergent solution, deionized water, ethanol, and acetone.
- ITO indium-tin-oxide
- the ITO glass was dried at 130 °C for 24 h and treated in UV ozone 30 cleaner for 10 ins to remove trace amount of organic substances.
- the poly(3,4- ethylenedioxythio ⁇ hene)/(poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS) and the polymer 7a were deposited on ITO by standard spin-coating manner.
- the layer-thickness of PEDOT PSS was 30-100 nm.
- the layer-thickness of polymer 7a was 30-70 nm.
- the depositions of calcium (30 nm) and aluminum (120 nm) electrode were performed in high vacuum condition (6 xlO" 6 Torr). The typical growth rate was 2 A/s.
- the EL performance of the device was examined under air atmosphere without encapsulation.
- the EL spectrum of polymer 7a at a bias voltage of 10 V showed an emission peak at 450 nm in Figure 13. It was found to be similar to its corresponding PL emissions as spin-coated and casting films.
- the current density-voltage-luminance characteristics curves of the device A are also shown in Figure 14.
- the blue-light EL intensity augmented with increasing bias voltage.
- the turn-on voltage was approximately 6 V.
- the maximum efficiency of the device was 0.8 cd/A.
- the maximum luminance of 1698 cd/m 2 was obtained at driving voltage of 13 V.
- This example illustrates the preparation of yellow-light PLED with configuration of ITO PEDOT/PSS/polymer 7h/Ca (30 A)/A1 (120 A).
- the device B was assembled similar to the device A.
- the performance of the device B with polymer 7h is shown in Figure 14.
- the current density- voltage-luminance characteristics curves of device B are presented in Figure 15.
- the device exhibited an intense EL emission peak at 572 nm.
- the onset voltage of device B was approximately at 6 V.
- the efficiency and maximum luminance were 1.1 cd/A and 2382 cd/m 2 at 13 V respectively.
Abstract
Description
Claims
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP03757649A EP1558669A4 (en) | 2002-11-06 | 2003-10-23 | Electroluminescent metallo-supramolecules with terpyridine-based groups |
AU2003273723A AU2003273723A1 (en) | 2002-11-06 | 2003-10-23 | Electroluminescent metallo-supramolecules with terpyridine-based groups |
JP2004549023A JP4754826B2 (en) | 2002-11-06 | 2003-10-23 | Electroluminescent metal supramolecules with terpyridine group |
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US10/290,120 US7811675B2 (en) | 2002-11-06 | 2002-11-06 | Electroluminescent metallo-supramolecules with terpyridine-based groups |
US10/290,120 | 2002-11-06 |
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EP (1) | EP1558669A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4754826B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100516119C (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003273723A1 (en) |
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JP2007112957A (en) * | 2005-10-24 | 2007-05-10 | National Institute For Materials Science | Polymer material, method for producing the same, and electrochromic element |
JP2007112769A (en) * | 2005-10-24 | 2007-05-10 | National Institute For Materials Science | Terpyridine type monomer, bis-terpyridine type monomer and method for producing the same |
JP2007123862A (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-05-17 | Fujifilm Corp | Organic electroluminescent element |
JP2012153714A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2012-08-16 | National Institute For Materials Science | Terpyridine type monomer, and, method for producing the same |
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- 2003-10-23 CN CNB2003801083868A patent/CN100516119C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-23 WO PCT/CN2003/000891 patent/WO2004041913A1/en active Application Filing
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JP2007123862A (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-05-17 | Fujifilm Corp | Organic electroluminescent element |
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JP2007112769A (en) * | 2005-10-24 | 2007-05-10 | National Institute For Materials Science | Terpyridine type monomer, bis-terpyridine type monomer and method for producing the same |
JP2012153714A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2012-08-16 | National Institute For Materials Science | Terpyridine type monomer, and, method for producing the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4754826B2 (en) | 2011-08-24 |
AU2003273723A1 (en) | 2004-06-07 |
US20040086744A1 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
EP1558669A1 (en) | 2005-08-03 |
TW200413498A (en) | 2004-08-01 |
CN100516119C (en) | 2009-07-22 |
EP1558669A4 (en) | 2007-06-06 |
TWI279430B (en) | 2007-04-21 |
JP2006504779A (en) | 2006-02-09 |
US7811675B2 (en) | 2010-10-12 |
CN1784454A (en) | 2006-06-07 |
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