WO2003085901A1 - Methods and devices for controlling data transmission policies in at least one telecommunication network - Google Patents
Methods and devices for controlling data transmission policies in at least one telecommunication network Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003085901A1 WO2003085901A1 PCT/EP2002/003724 EP0203724W WO03085901A1 WO 2003085901 A1 WO2003085901 A1 WO 2003085901A1 EP 0203724 W EP0203724 W EP 0203724W WO 03085901 A1 WO03085901 A1 WO 03085901A1
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- Prior art keywords
- policy
- instructions
- data transmission
- policy decision
- devices
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/15—Flow control; Congestion control in relation to multipoint traffic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
- H04L47/20—Traffic policing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
- H04L47/78—Architectures of resource allocation
- H04L47/782—Hierarchical allocation of resources, e.g. involving a hierarchy of local and centralised entities
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
- H04L47/82—Miscellaneous aspects
- H04L47/824—Applicable to portable or mobile terminals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
- H04L41/0894—Policy-based network configuration management
Definitions
- the invention concerns methods and devices for controlling data transmission policies in at least one telecommunication network.
- QoS Quality of Service
- Resources are needed to provision QoS.
- admission control and resource planning are needed.
- Two criteria are relevant in admission control : one about the eligibility of the request and the other about the resource availability for the request.
- An eligibility check will decide which traffic types/flows are entitled to which services. That is, services should be regulated. It is apparent that the related management decisions and configurations should be conducted consistently and automatically. It is therefore desirable to deploy policy- based QoS management in the UMTS networks.
- policy based management networking activity is conducted according to a set of policy rules that specify the objectives to be achieved and the actions to be taken. It can lead to a system where the decisions and configurations are conducted consistently and automatically.
- SBLP service based local policy
- IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem
- the Go interface allows service-based local policy and QoS inter-working information to be pushed to or requested by the Policy Enforcement Point in the GGSN from a Policy Control Function (PCF) .
- PCF Policy Control Function
- This information is used by the GGSN in support of, e.g., control of DiffServ interworking, control of the service-based policy "gating" function in GGSN and other functions as defined in stage 2 specifications [3GPP TS 23.207: "End-to-end QoS Concept and Architecture", V5.2.0, Jan. 2002.] .
- the Go interface uses IP flow based policies.
- the Go interface shall conform to the IETF Common Open Policy Service (COPS) protocol defined in [IETF RFC 2748] .
- COPS Common Open Policy Service
- the COPS protocol supports a client/server interface between the Policy Enforcement Point in the GGSN and the PCF.
- the Go interface shall conform to the IETF COPS-
- the 3GPP SBLP and Go solutions are based on the IETF COPS model and protocol [IETF RFC2748, RFC2753] .
- the two main architectural devices for policy control are the PEP (Policy Enforcement Point) and the PDP (Policy Decision Point) .
- the PEP represents a component that runs on a policy aware node. It is the point at which policy decisions are actually enforced. Policy decisions are made primarily at the PDP.
- the communication between the PDP and the PEP is conducted using the COPS protocol.
- the abstract terms PDP and PEP correspond to Policy Server and Policy Client Device in a concrete network environment .
- PDP corresponds to the PCF (as part of a P-CSCF) and.
- PEP corresponds to GGSN 1 in the GPRS network.
- the IMS subsystem is access- independent . And each access system will normally have its own policy server (PDP) . In order to allow coordination of the PDPs, they should be assigned the same client type. Again, this is not consistent with the COPS model .
- PDP policy server
- the invention proposes to modify and extend the current COPS model by using the following innovative function and method:
- PRP Policy Regulation Point
- PRP is to coordinate and regulate the functionality of the
- PDPs themselves.
- a PDP registers with the PRP to get its basic configuration and task assignment.
- the interaction between the PRP and the PDPs are active and dynamic. Which means that the PRP will regulate the functionality of the PDPs dynamically and the PRP will also react to the dynamic states of the PDPs, which in turn may cause the PRP to adjust the behavior of other PDPs.
- the state consistency among PDPs is maintained.
- the coordination of the PRP can be static. It can also be dynamic to achieve the effect of dynamic adjustment, dynamic load balancing, dynamic activation and deactivation of policy rules, etc. (This is in contrast to the coordination by a static entity like a passive database . )
- the suggested enhancement allows a more flexible policy control architecture. (This will serve as an input to further standardization in 3GPP Release 6. It can also serve as an input to the related IETF working groups . )
- a function entity called Policy Regulation Point can be introduced in the policy architecture based on the COPS model as an active device to coordinate and regulate policy servers (PDPs) ; policy servers (PDPs) are configured by the PRP about the basic division of responsibility at the time of initialisation and active interaction is conducted between the PRP and the PDPs in response to changing network situations.
- PRP Policy Regulation Point
- Figure 1 shows the usage of a policy regulation device PRP ⁇ in an IP Multimedia Subsystem IMS with two access networks .
- Figure 1 illustrates an example of the invention, where a dynamic adjustment of traffic regulation at macro-level is achieved. In the example, it is assumed that it is desired, to favor the traffic from, the GPRS access area over the traf ic from the WLAN access area, which will both pass through an
- IMS network in the end.
- an IMS system controls two access systems.
- One is a GPRS access system.
- the other is a wireless LAN . access system.
- policy decision point PDP policy decision point
- PDPs Policy Enforcement Points
- GGSN3 (14) now reports a large traffic needs in its area to its policy decision device PCF 18 (PDPl) in step 3.
- the PCF 18 determines that the traffic volume in the GPRS access area 11 has reached a new level and it reports this situation to the PRP 20 in step 4.
- the base stations (data transmission devices BS1 (PEP4) , BS2 (PEP5) ) now work according to the received instructions, i.e. they e.g. regulate the traffic volume in their area to a lower level .
Abstract
For allowing better network policy control, the invention discloses a method for controlling data transmission policies in at least one telecommunication network (11, 15) wherein instructions defining data transmission policies of transmission devices (12, 13, 14, 16, 17) of at least one telecommunication network (11, 15) are transmitted from policy decision devices (=Policy Decision Point PDP 18, 19) to respectively at least one of the transmission devices (12, 13, 14, 16, 17), wherein a policy regulation device (PRP 20) transmits (1, 2) instructions to policy decision devices (PDP 18, 19) which instructions respectively define a new policy of at least one transmission device (13, GGSN3), wherein a policy decision device (18) transmits (3) instructions to at least one transmission device (13= GGSN3) which instructions respectively define the new policy of the transmission device(s) (13) and which instructions are based on the instructions that the policy decision device (PDP 18) has received from the policy regulation device (PRP 20), wherein the at least one transmission device (13) modifies its data transmission policy according to the instructions that it has (13) received from the policy regulation device (PRP 20).
Description
METHODS AND DEVICES FOR CONTROLLING DATA TRANSMISSION POLICIES IN AT LEAST ONE TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORK
Beschreibung
The invention concerns methods and devices for controlling data transmission policies in at least one telecommunication network.
Quality of Service (QoS) support provides differentiation of traffic and the corresponding different treatments of the traffic. Resources are needed to provision QoS. In order to be sure that a QoS-related request can be actually met, some forms of admission control and resource planning are needed. Two criteria are relevant in admission control : one about the eligibility of the request and the other about the resource availability for the request. An eligibility check will decide which traffic types/flows are entitled to which services. That is, services should be regulated. It is apparent that the related management decisions and configurations should be conducted consistently and automatically. It is therefore desirable to deploy policy- based QoS management in the UMTS networks. By policy based management, networking activity is conducted according to a set of policy rules that specify the objectives to be achieved and the actions to be taken. It can lead to a system where the decisions and configurations are conducted consistently and automatically.
Specifically for the service based local policy (SBLP) control, there are related functions and protocols in 3GPP for the use of QoS control in the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) of a UMTS network [3GPP TS 23.207: "End-to-end QoS Concept and Architecture" , V5.2.0, Jan. 2002.]. The main purpose of SBLP control is to enable coordination between events in the application layer and the resource management
in the IP bearer layer. It ensures that the resources allocated at the bearer layer will not exceed those authorized at the application layer. This concerns mostly the
Go interface [3GPP TS "29.207: "Policy Control over Go Interface", VO.6.0, Feb. 2002.].
The Go interface allows service-based local policy and QoS inter-working information to be pushed to or requested by the Policy Enforcement Point in the GGSN from a Policy Control Function (PCF) . This information is used by the GGSN in support of, e.g., control of DiffServ interworking, control of the service-based policy "gating" function in GGSN and other functions as defined in stage 2 specifications [3GPP TS 23.207: "End-to-end QoS Concept and Architecture", V5.2.0, Jan. 2002.] . The Go interface uses IP flow based policies.
The Go interface shall conform to the IETF Common Open Policy Service (COPS) protocol defined in [IETF RFC 2748] . The COPS protocol supports a client/server interface between the Policy Enforcement Point in the GGSN and the PCF. Furthermore, the Go interface shall conform to the IETF COPS-
PR protocol defined in [IETF RFC 3084] .
In short, the 3GPP SBLP and Go solutions are based on the IETF COPS model and protocol [IETF RFC2748, RFC2753] . In the COPS model, the two main architectural devices for policy control are the PEP (Policy Enforcement Point) and the PDP (Policy Decision Point) . The PEP represents a component that runs on a policy aware node. It is the point at which policy decisions are actually enforced. Policy decisions are made primarily at the PDP. The communication between the PDP and the PEP is conducted using the COPS protocol.
The abstract terms PDP and PEP correspond to Policy Server and Policy Client Device in a concrete network environment .
In the 3GPP IMS case, PDP corresponds to the PCF (as part of a P-CSCF) and. PEP corresponds to GGSN1 in the GPRS network.
There is one basic restriction in the IETF COPS model . In one network domain and for a certain client type, only one PDP is allowed to serve the PEPs of this client type. Which means, if several PDPs exist in the same domain then they must be of different client types.
The direct usage of the IETF COPS model • in 3GPP currently causes several problems :
As is identified in [3GPP S2-012754: "GGSN, P-CSCF and PCF Relationship", Oct. 2001.], there is the need to allow several PCFs to access the same GGSN. However, this will conflict with the COPS model which does not allow the access of several PDPs of the same client type to a PEP.
The IMS subsystem is access- independent . And each access system will normally have its own policy server (PDP) . In order to allow coordination of the PDPs, they should be assigned the same client type. Again, this is not consistent with the COPS model .
However there is a need to allow a more flexible architecture than the one allowed in the IETF COPS model. Several solutions for these problems have been suggested but none of them has proved to work adequately.
It is an object of the invention to improve control of data transmission policies in at. least one telecommunication network. The object is achieved by the invention defined in the independent claims .
To solve the problems fundamentally, the invention proposes to modify and extend the current COPS model by using the following innovative function and method:
A new functional entity called Policy Regulation Point (PRP) is introduced in a network domain. The main function of the
PRP is to coordinate and regulate the functionality of the
PDPs themselves. At the time of initialization, a PDP registers with the PRP to get its basic configuration and task assignment. The interaction between the PRP and the PDPs are active and dynamic. Which means that the PRP will regulate the functionality of the PDPs dynamically and the PRP will also react to the dynamic states of the PDPs, which in turn may cause the PRP to adjust the behavior of other PDPs. Through the PRP, the state consistency among PDPs is maintained.
The above function and method have the following advantages:
(1) Several PDPs of the same client type are allowed to exist and to access the same PEP since the PRP can now regulate the possible conflicts in their sub-areas of responsibility statically or dynamically.
(2) Several PDPs of the same client type are allowed to exist in one domain and the behavior of these PDPs can be coordinated by the PRP to achieve a consistent system effect.
(3) The current COPS model is enhanced in that the PDPs of different client types can now interact and coordinate with each other through the PRP .
(4) The coordination of the PRP can be static. It can also be dynamic to achieve the effect of dynamic adjustment, dynamic load balancing, dynamic activation and deactivation of policy rules, etc. (This is in contrast to
the coordination by a static entity like a passive database . )
(5) The suggested enhancement allows a more flexible policy control architecture. (This will serve as an input to further standardization in 3GPP Release 6. It can also serve as an input to the related IETF working groups . )
There are many possible realizations of the interaction between the PRP and the PDPs. One realization approach is to apply the COPS model again for the relationship between the PRP and the PDPs. That is, in COPS terms, the PRP serves the role of policy server (PDP) while the PDPs are its policy clients (PEPs) . The PRP can then control PDPs using the COPS protocol .
So according to the invention, a function entity called Policy Regulation Point (PRP) can be introduced in the policy architecture based on the COPS model as an active device to coordinate and regulate policy servers (PDPs) ; policy servers (PDPs) are configured by the PRP about the basic division of responsibility at the time of initialisation and active interaction is conducted between the PRP and the PDPs in response to changing network situations.
Additional features of the invention will be apparent from the detailed description of a preferred embodiment and from the drawings . Figure 1 shows the usage of a policy regulation device PRP ■ in an IP Multimedia Subsystem IMS with two access networks .
Figure 1 illustrates an example of the invention, where a dynamic adjustment of traffic regulation at macro-level is achieved. In the example, it is assumed that it is desired, to favor the traffic from, the GPRS access area over the traf ic from the WLAN access area, which will both pass through an
IMS network in the end.
In 'the example, an IMS system controls two access systems. One is a GPRS access system. The other is a wireless LAN . access system. Each access area is controlled by its own policy decision device (= policy decision point PDP), i.e. by PCF 18 and WLAN-GW 19 respectively. At the time of initialization (steps 1 and 2 in the figure), the PDPs 18, 19 are configured by the policy regulation device (= policy regulation point PRP 20) with their respective basic behavior rules. In normal operations, the PDPs 18, 19 then control their own Policy Enforcement Points (=PEPs= data transmission devices 12, 13, 14, 16, 17 etc) independently. Suppose GGSN3 (14) now reports a large traffic needs in its area to its policy decision device PCF 18 (PDPl) in step 3. The PCF 18 (policy decision device PDPl) in turn determines that the traffic volume in the GPRS access area 11 has reached a new level and it reports this situation to the PRP 20 in step 4. In view of this new situation, the policy regulation device (=Policy Regulation Point PRP 20) activates a meta-policy and instructs in step 5 the WLAN-GW (PDP2 =19) to regulate the traffic volume in its (19) area to a lower level. The WLAN-GW (PDP2= 19) in turn remakes some of its decisions about traffic regulations and communicates the decisions in steps 6, 7 as instructions to the base stations (data transmission devices BS1 (PEP4) , BS2 (PEP5) ) that are under its (19) control . The base stations (data transmission devices BS1 (PEP4) , BS2 (PEP5) ) now work according to the received
instructions, i.e. they e.g. regulate the traffic volume in their area to a lower level .
Claims
1. Method for controlling data transmission policies in at least one telecommunication network (11, 15),
-wherein instructions defining data transmission policies of transmission devices (PEP 12, 13, 14, 16, 17) of at least one telecommunication network (11, 15) are transmitted from policy decision devices (PDP 18, 19) to respectively at least one of the- transmission devices (PEP 12, 13, 14, 16, 17), c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t -a policy regulation device (PRP 20) transmits (1, 2) instructions to policy decision devices (PDP 18, 19) which instructions respectively define a new policy of at least one transmission device (PEP 13) ,
-wherein a policy decision device (PDP 18) transmits (3) instructions to at least one transmission device (13) which instructions respectively define the new policy of the transmission device (s) (13) and which instructions are based on the instructions that the policy decision device (PDP 18) has received from the policy regulation device (PRP 20) , -wherein the at least one transmission device (13) modifies its data transmission policy according to the instructions that it has (13) received from a policy decision device (PDP 18) .
2. Method according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t a policy defines at least the data traffic volume in at least one data transmission device (PEP 12, 13, 14, 16, 17) .
3. Method according to any of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t the policy regulation device (=Policy Regulation Point PRP
20) transmits (4) an instruction to only one of the policy decision devices (PDP 18) and that . the policy decision device
(PDP 18) transmits instructions based hereon to only one transmission device (PEP 14) .
4. Method according to any of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t at least one telecommunication network is a. cellular mobile telecommunication network, especially UMTS.
5. Method according to any of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t at least one telecommunication network is a wireless local area network (WLAN 15) .
6. Method according to any of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t • at least one telecommunication network is an IP based network.
7. Method according to any of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t instructions representing a policy are transmitted using the IETF Common Open Policy Service Protocol COPS.
8. Method according to any of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t a policy decision device (PDP 18) independently controls the policies of the data transmission devices (PEP 12, 13, 14) for which it is responsible as long as it does not receive instructions concerning these transmission devices (PEP 12, . 13, 14) from the policy regulation device (=Policy Regulation
Point PRP 20) .
9. Method according to any of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t a data transmission device (14) reports data concerning changing network conditions in its area to a policy decision device (18) , that the policy decision device (18) reports data concerning changing network conditions in its area (12, 13, 14) to the policy regulation device (20), that thereafter the policy regulation device (20) instructs the policy decision device (18) to modify the traffic regulation policy in its area and that thereafter the policy decision device (18) instructs at least one data transmission device (14) in its (18) area to modify its (14) traffic regulation policy.
10. Method according to any of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t a data transmission device (14) reports data concerning rising traffic volume in its area to a policy decision device (18) , that the policy decision device (18) reports data concerning rising traffic volume in its area (12, 13, 14) to the policy regulation device (20) , that thereafter the policy regulation device (20) instructs the policy decision device (18) to regulate the traffic volume in its area to a lower level and that thereafter the policy decision device (18) instructs at least one data transmission device (14) in its (18) area to regulate the traffic volume in its area to a lower level .
11. Method according to any of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t a data transmission device (14) is a packet switched node, especially a GGSN node.
12. Method according to any of the . preceding claims, c h a r- a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t a .data transmission .device, (14) is a wireless local area network node, especially a WLAN base station (16, 17) .
13. Method according to any of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t a policy decision device (18) is a PCF.
14. Method according to any of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t a policy decision device (19) is a WLAN- Gateway-.
15. Method according to any of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t data transmission policies regulate the data traffic volume in the at least one data transmission device (12, 13, 14; 16,
17) ,
16. Method according to any of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t several policy decision devices in the same domain can have the same client. type.
17. Method according to any of the preceding claims,, c h a r a c t e r i z e d' i n t h a t several policy decision devices are all allowed to access the same data transmission device.
18. Method according to any of the preceding claims, c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t policy decision devices (18, 19) with the same or different client types interact via the policy regulation device (20) with each other or with a data transmission device.
19. Policy regulation device (20), especially for implementing a method according to one of the preceding claims, with an interface for transmitting instructions to policy decision devices (18, 19) which instructions respectively define a new policy of at least one transmission device (13, GGSN3) to which (13) a policy decision device (18) is instructed to transmit instructions concerning this new policy.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2002/003724 WO2003085901A1 (en) | 2002-04-04 | 2002-04-04 | Methods and devices for controlling data transmission policies in at least one telecommunication network |
| AU2002319126A AU2002319126A1 (en) | 2002-04-04 | 2002-04-04 | Methods and devices for controlling data transmission policies in at least one telecommunication network |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2002/003724 WO2003085901A1 (en) | 2002-04-04 | 2002-04-04 | Methods and devices for controlling data transmission policies in at least one telecommunication network |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2003085901A1 true WO2003085901A1 (en) | 2003-10-16 |
Family
ID=28685818
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2002/003724 WO2003085901A1 (en) | 2002-04-04 | 2002-04-04 | Methods and devices for controlling data transmission policies in at least one telecommunication network |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2002319126A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2003085901A1 (en) |
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| DE102004015267A1 (en) * | 2004-03-29 | 2005-11-03 | Siemens Ag | Network Resource Driven Service Provisioning |
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| WO2007135074A3 (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2008-03-20 | France Telecom | Policy based telecommunications ad-hoc network and method |
| EP1858198A1 (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2007-11-21 | France Telecom | Policy based telecommunications ad-hoc network and method |
| EP2036378A1 (en) * | 2006-07-05 | 2009-03-18 | Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ) | Policy management in multi-access scenarios |
| US20100135243A1 (en) * | 2006-07-05 | 2010-06-03 | Tony Larsson | Policy management in multi-access scenarios |
| EP2036378A4 (en) * | 2006-07-05 | 2012-09-12 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Policy management in multi-access scenarios |
| WO2008004928A1 (en) * | 2006-07-05 | 2008-01-10 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Policy management in multi-access scenarios |
| US8995389B2 (en) * | 2006-07-05 | 2015-03-31 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Policy management in multi-access scenarios |
| WO2011095025A1 (en) * | 2010-02-03 | 2011-08-11 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Policy control method and system for local access of mobile user |
| CN109417572A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2019-03-01 | 华为技术有限公司 | The system and method that chain of command function carries out tactful configuration to control plane function |
| EP3507968A4 (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2019-08-21 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | System and method for policy configuration of control plane functions by management plane functions |
| US10812395B2 (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2020-10-20 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | System and method for policy configuration of control plane functions by management plane functions |
| CN109417572B (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2020-10-27 | 华为技术有限公司 | System and method for policy configuration of control plane functions by management plane functions |
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| AU2002319126A1 (en) | 2003-10-20 |
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