WO2001055026A1 - Verfahren zum verdampfen und/oder überhitzen eines brennstoffs - Google Patents
Verfahren zum verdampfen und/oder überhitzen eines brennstoffs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001055026A1 WO2001055026A1 PCT/EP2000/013210 EP0013210W WO0155026A1 WO 2001055026 A1 WO2001055026 A1 WO 2001055026A1 EP 0013210 W EP0013210 W EP 0013210W WO 0155026 A1 WO0155026 A1 WO 0155026A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- fuel cell
- gas
- generation system
- exhaust gases
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007084 catalytic combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/26—Nozzle-type reactors, i.e. the distribution of the initial reactants within the reactor is effected by their introduction or injection through nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01B—BOILING; BOILING APPARATUS ; EVAPORATION; EVAPORATION APPARATUS
- B01B1/00—Boiling; Boiling apparatus for physical or chemical purposes ; Evaporation in general
- B01B1/005—Evaporation for physical or chemical purposes; Evaporation apparatus therefor, e.g. evaporation of liquids for gas phase reactions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/0011—Heating features
- B01D1/0058—Use of waste energy from other processes or sources, e.g. combustion gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/0278—Feeding reactive fluids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/323—Catalytic reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds other than hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0625—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material in a modular combined reactor/fuel cell structure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
- B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
- B01J2208/00256—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles in a heat exchanger for the heat exchange medium separate from the reactor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
- B01J2208/00265—Part of all of the reactants being heated or cooled outside the reactor while recycling
- B01J2208/00274—Part of all of the reactants being heated or cooled outside the reactor while recycling involving reactant vapours
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
- B01J2208/00309—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with two or more reactions in heat exchange with each other, such as an endothermic reaction in heat exchange with an exothermic reaction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/0053—Controlling multiple zones along the direction of flow, e.g. pre-heating and after-cooling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
- H01M8/04022—Heating by combustion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for evaporating and / or overheating a fuel or a fuel / water mixture according to the type defined in the preamble of claim 1.
- the invention also relates to a device for carrying out the above-mentioned method.
- Heat exchangers which are suitable for evaporating and / or overheating media are known from the prior art.
- DE 44 26 692 Cl describes a heat exchanger which is constructed from foils stacked one above the other with reactant channels.
- DE 196 39 150 C2 shows a central heating device in which a catalytic oxidation of a fuel takes place.
- the thermal energy generated in this way can then be fed to the heat transfer medium, for example, and thus used to operate the above-mentioned heat exchanger.
- the fuel used can be any gaseous or liquid medium which can be catalytically oxidized.
- the above-mentioned document mentions the starting material for the gas production, in this case methanol, the product gas generated in the gas production or a hydrogen-containing exhaust gas from the fuel cell as examples of the fuel.
- the thermal energy content of the volume flow can be increased with a fast dynamic response, which has the advantage that the catalytic combustion can also deliver a higher thermal energy very quickly.
- the gas generation system is thus without noteworthy time delay, the amount of vaporized and / or superheated fuel or fuel / water mixture required to generate the required increased power.
- Another advantage results from the fact that the metering, which can take place depending on the required amount of heat and thus the electrical power required by the fuel cell system, takes place before the actual catalytic combustion and thus the combustion and the space in which the Combustion takes place, no further thermal energy for the fine distribution and / or for the evaporation of the added additional fuel is removed.
- the fuel is atomized when it is introduced into the volume flow from the oxygen-containing gas and the exhaust gases from the fuel cell and / or the gas generation system.
- the energy required for atomization can be derived as mechanical energy from the pressure or the flow rate of the volume flow and the fuel to be introduced.
- a fuel distributed in fine particles in the volume flow is sufficient to ensure the function of the catalytic combustion.
- the device has a gas-assisted nozzle for this purpose, which increases the flow velocity in the volume flow through a constriction and in this area brings the fuel into the volume flow. Due to the flow energy of the volume flow Fuel atomized in the same.
- the reaction space for the catalytic combustion thus reaches a mixture of the necessary gases and the additional finely divided fuel, which can be catalytically burned without any further significant absorption of thermal energy.
- This has the advantage that all the thermal energy generated during the combustion is immediately available for the evaporation and / or overheating of the fuel or the fuel / water mixture, and the fuel cell system can thus react very quickly to a required load step.
- the only attached figure shows a corresponding heat exchanger 1, which is followed by a gas generation system 2 indicated in principle and a fuel cell 3.
- the heat exchanger 1 has two areas la, lb, which are in heat-conducting contact with one another, but are sealed off from one another for the fluids flowing through.
- the area 1b of the heat exchanger 1 has a catalytic coating 4, which is indicated in principle, a catalytic filling or the like, which is used for catalytic combustion of the supplied Fabrics is needed.
- the thermal energy generated in the catalytic combustion in the area lb of the heat exchanger 1 then passes into the other area la of the heat exchanger 1.
- a liquid fuel or a liquid fuel / water mixture supplied to the area la in the exemplary embodiment shown, it is intended to do so act as a methanol / water mixture (CH 3 OH + H 2 0), is evaporated by the thermal energy from the catalytic combustion in the area la of the heat exchanger 1.
- the vaporous or gaseous mixture of water and methanol also overheats in the region la of the heat exchanger 1.
- This mixture of water and methanol then passes into the gas generation system 2, which is indicated in principle and is known per se in its mode of operation, and optionally into the fuel cell 3 after an optional gas cleaning stage (not shown).
- the fuel cell 3 then outputs the required power P in the form of electrical power.
- exhaust gases are produced which have combustible residual materials, such as residual methanol or residual hydrogen. These exhaust gases reach at least according to the arrows shown in dashed lines partly to a line 5, via which they can be returned to the area 1b of the heat exchanger 1 for catalytic combustion.
- the amount of methanol / water mixture evaporated in the heat exchanger 1 must of course also be increased as quickly as possible.
- the fuel methanol (CH 3 0H) in its liquid form is supplied to the volume flow from the exhaust gases of the gas generation system 2 and / or the fuel cell 3 via a line element 6.
- these exhaust gases have already been mixed beforehand with oxygen-containing gas (0 2 ) flowing in via a connection element 7, here in particular air or oxygen-containing exhaust gas from an anode compartment of the fuel cell 3.
- This volume flow now picks up the liquid fuel which can be metered in as a function of the required power P of the fuel cell 3 from the line element 6.
- the resulting mixture flows into the area lb of the heat exchanger 1 and is catalytically burned there.
- a gas-assisted nozzle 8 is therefore used, which uses the flow energy of the volume flow to atomize the liquid methanol.
- the area in which the line element 6 opens into the line 5 has a constriction 9 which, due to the law of continuity, produces an accelerated flow, that is to say a higher flow velocity, in the area of the constriction 9.
- the methanol supplied via the line element 6 becomes absorbed by the volume flow flowing through the line element 6 and atomized therein.
- the constriction 9 can be designed in the manner of a Venturi nozzle, as is indicated in principle in the exemplary embodiment, but it can also be formed by a lance-like end of the line element 6 protruding into the line 5 (not shown).
- the metering of the methanol can take place via a throttle device 10 in the line element 6 or via a corresponding, controllable conveying device (not shown).
- the volume flow of liquid methanol flowing through the line element 6 is controlled or regulated depending on the power P required by the fuel cell 3.
- Comparable as for the liquid methanol also applies to the air which reaches the line 5 via the connecting element 7.
- a narrowing 9 ' can optionally be formed, which is indicated by dashed lines in the single attached figure.
- the mode of operation of the constriction 9 ' is similar to the mode of operation of the constriction 9 when the liquid methanol is supplied, except that in the case of the constriction 9' two gaseous media are mixed with one another.
- the air which is supplied to the line 5 via the connection element 7 can also be controlled or regulated as a function of the power required by the fuel cell 3 and thus the thermal energy required in the heat exchanger 1. It is advisable to have a throttle in the connection element 7. Sel flap 11 or the like to use to influence the volume flow of the air.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP00991633A EP1255692A1 (de) | 2000-01-26 | 2000-12-22 | Verfahren zum verdampfen und/oder überhitzen eines brennstoffs |
US10/181,160 US6866091B2 (en) | 2000-01-26 | 2000-12-22 | Device for vaporizing and/or superheating a combustible |
JP2001554977A JP2003529896A (ja) | 2000-01-26 | 2000-12-22 | 燃料を気化及び/又は過熱する方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10003275A DE10003275B4 (de) | 2000-01-26 | 2000-01-26 | Vorrichtung zum Verdampfen und/oder Überhitzen eines Brennstoffs |
DE10003275.3 | 2000-01-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001055026A1 true WO2001055026A1 (de) | 2001-08-02 |
Family
ID=7628757
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2000/013210 WO2001055026A1 (de) | 2000-01-26 | 2000-12-22 | Verfahren zum verdampfen und/oder überhitzen eines brennstoffs |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6866091B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1255692A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2003529896A (de) |
DE (1) | DE10003275B4 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001055026A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6872481B2 (en) * | 2002-06-28 | 2005-03-29 | General Motors Corporation | Process for utilization of a cold-flame vaporizer in auto-thermal reforming of liquid fuel |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7008707B2 (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2006-03-07 | General Motors Corporation | Direct water vaporization for fuel processor startup and transients |
EP1784883B1 (de) * | 2004-07-28 | 2012-12-12 | Ceramic Fuel Cells Limited | Brennstoffzellensystem |
US20080075655A1 (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2008-03-27 | Lev Davydov | Gas mixing device and methods of use |
KR20090069192A (ko) * | 2006-10-17 | 2009-06-29 | 캐논 가부시끼가이샤 | 배출연료의 희석기구 및 배출연료의 희석기구를 가진 연료전지시스템 |
US8858223B1 (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2014-10-14 | Proe Power Systems, Llc | Glycerin fueled afterburning engine |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4670359A (en) * | 1985-06-10 | 1987-06-02 | Engelhard Corporation | Fuel cell integrated with steam reformer |
WO1994023813A1 (en) * | 1993-04-22 | 1994-10-27 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Vaporisation of liquids |
WO1999019456A1 (en) * | 1997-10-15 | 1999-04-22 | Northwest Power Systems, Llc | Steam reformer with internal hydrogen purification |
EP0920064A1 (de) * | 1997-11-26 | 1999-06-02 | General Motors Corporation | Brennstoffzellensystem mit einem durch eine Verbrennungseinrichtung geheizten Reformierungsreaktor |
EP0924163A2 (de) * | 1997-12-16 | 1999-06-23 | dbb fuel cell engines GmbH | Verfahren zur Wasserdampfreformierung eines Kohlenwasserstoffs oder Kohlenwasserstoffderivats, damit betreibbare Reformierungsanlage und Brennstoffzellen-Betriebsverfahren |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3607419A (en) * | 1969-10-01 | 1971-09-21 | United Aircraft Corp | Fuel cell system control |
US3689237A (en) * | 1970-02-19 | 1972-09-05 | North American Utility Constru | Fuel gas pipeline system |
US4483805A (en) * | 1982-06-09 | 1984-11-20 | Adl-Innovation Kb | Process for injection of fluid, e.g. slurry in e.g. flue gases and a nozzle device for the accomplishment of the process |
US4650727A (en) * | 1986-01-28 | 1987-03-17 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Fuel processor for fuel cell power system |
DE4426692C1 (de) * | 1994-07-28 | 1995-09-14 | Daimler Benz Ag | Zweistufige Verdampfereinheit für einen Reaktant-Massenstrom und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben |
DE19639150C2 (de) * | 1996-09-24 | 1998-07-02 | Daimler Benz Ag | Zentrale Heizvorrichtung für ein Gaserzeugungssystem |
JPH1179703A (ja) * | 1997-09-04 | 1999-03-23 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 燃料電池用改質装置 |
DE19754013C2 (de) * | 1997-12-05 | 2000-10-26 | Dbb Fuel Cell Engines Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Wasserdampfreformierung eines Kohlenwasserstoffs |
-
2000
- 2000-01-26 DE DE10003275A patent/DE10003275B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-12-22 EP EP00991633A patent/EP1255692A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-12-22 JP JP2001554977A patent/JP2003529896A/ja active Pending
- 2000-12-22 US US10/181,160 patent/US6866091B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-12-22 WO PCT/EP2000/013210 patent/WO2001055026A1/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4670359A (en) * | 1985-06-10 | 1987-06-02 | Engelhard Corporation | Fuel cell integrated with steam reformer |
WO1994023813A1 (en) * | 1993-04-22 | 1994-10-27 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Vaporisation of liquids |
WO1999019456A1 (en) * | 1997-10-15 | 1999-04-22 | Northwest Power Systems, Llc | Steam reformer with internal hydrogen purification |
EP0920064A1 (de) * | 1997-11-26 | 1999-06-02 | General Motors Corporation | Brennstoffzellensystem mit einem durch eine Verbrennungseinrichtung geheizten Reformierungsreaktor |
EP0924163A2 (de) * | 1997-12-16 | 1999-06-23 | dbb fuel cell engines GmbH | Verfahren zur Wasserdampfreformierung eines Kohlenwasserstoffs oder Kohlenwasserstoffderivats, damit betreibbare Reformierungsanlage und Brennstoffzellen-Betriebsverfahren |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6872481B2 (en) * | 2002-06-28 | 2005-03-29 | General Motors Corporation | Process for utilization of a cold-flame vaporizer in auto-thermal reforming of liquid fuel |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1255692A1 (de) | 2002-11-13 |
US20030059729A1 (en) | 2003-03-27 |
JP2003529896A (ja) | 2003-10-07 |
DE10003275B4 (de) | 2007-05-03 |
DE10003275A1 (de) | 2001-08-09 |
US6866091B2 (en) | 2005-03-15 |
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