WO2000064549A2

WO2000064549A2 - Method and apparatus for generating waves

Info

Publication number: WO2000064549A2
Application number: PCT/US2000/010839
Authority: WO
Inventors: Richard P. Carnahan; Troy W. Kight
Original assignee: Carnahan Richard P; Kight Troy W
Priority date: 1999-04-23
Filing date: 2000-04-21
Publication date: 2000-11-02
Also published as: AU4481700A; WO2000064549A3

Abstract

An apparatus for generating waves has a pressure storage tank (2), a chamber (7) in fluid communication with the pressure storage tank and a valve (5) coupled to control air flow from the pressure storage tank to the chamber. A barrel (102) is configured such that it may be aimed so that the chamber (7) causes a wave to be generated in a desired direction.

Description

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING WAVES

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates generally to recreational systems such as those commonly found in amusement parks. The present invention relates more particularly to a wave generating system for generating waves which are suitable for recreational activities such as swimming, bodysurfing, boardsurfing, sailboarding, skiing, jetskiing, boating and the like.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The recreational use of waves at beaches and in water parks is well-known. Such waves are commonly used in bodysurfing, boardsiirfing and sailboarding. Swimmers, skiers, jetskiers and boaters also enjoy waves.

Swimmers frequently enjoy playing in and swimming through waves. Jetskiers, boaters and the like often enjoy riding or jumping waves. However, many people do not live near beaches and those who do cannot reliably predict when suitable waves will be present. Thus, it will be appreciated that there is a substantial need for artificially generated waves in water parks and the like.

Further, artificially created waves may be utilized to calm or substantially cancel out natural waves in a variety of different applications. For example, natural waves may be canceled so as to provide calm waters within a harbor. Further, natural waves may be canceled so as to fight beach erosion.

U.S. Patent Nos. 4,467,483 and 4,558,474, both issued to D. Bastenhof, disclose a pneumatic wave generator for a surf pool. The disclosed device includes a separate valve arrangement for each of a plurality of wave generating chambers which move air from a source of forced air into the wave generating chambers. Each chamber has a two- valve arrangement wherein an inlet valve and an outlet valve share a common drive therebetween. The two-valve arrangement is configured such that whenever the inlet valve is closed, the outlet valve is open and vice versa. The chambers are positioned so that a portion of the chambers are above the surface of the pool water level. Another form of pneumatic wave generator is illustrated in U.S. Patent No. 4,730,355, issued to Kreinbihl et al. This wave generator includes a 4-way air directional valve assembly for use in a wave pool. A plurality of wave generating chambers are arranged vertically, attached side-by-side and extend across the width of a pool at one end thereof. The valve assembly can direct air into both chambers simultaneously or direct air into one chamber while exhausting the other chamber and can exhaust both chambers while blocking air from the source of forced air.

The forced air enters the top back of said chambers and the water exits out the bottom side.

U.S. Patent No. 5,098,222, issued to Robinson, and U.S. Patent No. 5,098,222, issued to

Schuster et al., both illustrate a wave generator which includes water chambers that are mainly above the water surface and which operate by using a suction or air pump to suck water from the pool into the chambers and then release the stored water to form a wave on the surface of a pool.

U.S. Patent No. 5,833,393, issued to Carnahan et al., discloses a wave cannon which utilizes an air compressor and a pressure storage tank to force water from an elongated tubular barrel to generate waves in a body of water. U.S. Patent No. 5,833,393 is expressly incorporated herein by reference.

Although such contemporary wave generating devices have proven generally suitable for their intended purposes, such contemporary wave generating devices lack features which would make them more desirable in the marketplace. For example, in some instances, it may be beneficial to be able to aim a wave generating device so as to create a wave which propagates along a desired path. Further, various enhancements in the efficiency of operation of wave generating devices are desirable. Further, the ability to generate waves from a portable wave generating device would be beneficial.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention addresses and alleviates the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art. More particularly, the present invention comprises a barrel for a wave generating device comprising a chamber, a water inlet/outlet formed in the chamber for facilitating ingress of water into the chamber and for facilitating egress of water from the chamber in order to generate a wave, an air inlet formed in the chamber for facilitating fluid communication between the chamber and a supply of compressed air. The chamber is attached to a foundation via a mounting member. The mounting member is configured so as to facilitate aiming of the barrel in a desired direction.

As used herein, the term "chamber" is defined to be the void or open area into which compressed or pressurized air is introduced so as to expel water therefrom in order to form a wave. As used herein, the barrel is defined as the generally tubular elongate member within which the chamber is formed. Since the chamber is within and defined by the barrel, the terms "chamber" and "barrel" may sometimes be used interchangeably.

Thus, the present invention, unlike contemporary wave generating devices, is capable of being aimed in a desired direction. Such aiming of the chamber facilitates the generation of waves along a desired path. Thus, the body of water within which waves are generated may, for example, be configured to have a shallow section and a deep section, and the chamber may be aimed so as to direct waves into either desired section.

Further, when a plurality of such wave generating devices are utilized, they may be aimed so as to create a desired effect. For example, all of the wave generating devices may be aimed along a common path and fired simultaneously so as to create a larger wave, i.e., a wave having larger amplitude. Alternatively, the wave generating devices may be aimed along different paths, or spread out, such that a broader wave, having a smaller amplitude is generated. As such, it will be appreciated that the ability to aim the barrel or chamber of the wave generating device provides substantial benefits.

According to one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mounting member comprises a pivot mount. A portion of the pivot mount, e.g., a ball, is preferably either formed integrally with or attached to the chamber. Thus, a ball may be formed around a portion of the chamber and be configured so as to be received by a complimentary socket to define a ball joint which facilitates aiming of the chamber in a desired direction.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least a portion of the pressurized air which is used to expel water from the chamber is recaptured. The pressurized air is recaptured prior to exiting the chamber, such that the pressure thereof remains substantially higher than ambient pressure, so as to reduce the amount of compression that must be applied to the air in order to again use the air to expel water from the chamber- Of course, reducing the amount of compression that must be applied to the air in order to compress the air to the pressure which is necessary to expel water from the chamber consequently reduces the amount of electricity or other fuel consumed by the compressor in order to effect such compression and reduces the cost of operating the wave generating device of the present invention proportionally.

Preferably, the chamber is defined by an elongated tube having an air inlet formed proximate one end thereof and having the water inlet/outlet formed proximate the opposite end thereof. The air outlet is formed closer to the water inlet/outlet than it is formed to the air inlet. Thus, the pressurized air from the pressure storage tank has sufficient time to act upon the water contained within the chamber, so as to effect desired expelling of the air from the chamber. As the pressurized air approaches the water inlet/outlet, at least a portion of the pressurized air is reclaimed so as to enhance the efficiency (and consequently reduce the cost of the pressurized air) of the wave generating system of the present invention.

According to this preferred embodiment of the present invention, a grate covers at least a portion of the air outlet, so as to mitigate water flow therethrough. Thus, the grate readily allows air to pass through the air outlet, so as to effect desired reclamation of the pressurized air, while the grate tends to inhibit undesirable water flow therethrough. The air outlet is preferably larger than the air inlet, so as to readily facilitate reclamation of the pressurized air from the chamber. The air outlet is preferably approximately equal in size to the size of the water inlet outlet.

A reclaimed air storage tank is preferably in communication with the air outlet for storing reclaimed pressurized air, prior to the reclaimed pressurized air being provided to the compressor. A check valve, which is disposed intermediate the reclaimed pressurized air storage tank and the air outlet, prevents undesirable back flow of the air from the pressurized air storage tank into the chamber. Thus, according to this preferred embodiment of the present invention, efficiency is enhanced and fuel or electricity as well as wear upon the air compressor is reduced substantially by reclaiming a portion of the pressurized air which is used to expel water from the chamber. According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the chamber is tapered at the air inlet end thereof, so as to facilitate expansion of the air used to expel water from the chamber at a controlled rate.

The taper in the chamber may be formed only near the air inlet end, or alternatively, may be formed along a substantial portion of the length of the chamber. Thus, the taper may be formed so as to comprise only the first 5 to 30 percent of the length of the chamber or may be formed so as to extend from the air inlet to the water inlet/outlet.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the barrel is configured so as to be mounted to a thrust block. The thrust block is a reaction mass or foundation for the barrel and serves as a stable mounting therefor. The barrel is mounted to the thrust block in a manner which facilitates aiming of the barrel. As used herein, the terms "thrust block", "foundation" and "reaction mass" are defined to include any structure which is heavy enough and sturdy enough to serve as a mounting or platform for the wave generating device of the present invention. Thus, in some instances, the foundation, thrust block or reaction mass may comprise the bottom of a pool, a concrete mass, bedrock, or any other desired, heavy object. The mounting preferably comprises at least one, preferably two, bushings and/or springs which attach the barrel to the thrust block in a manner which allows the barrel to pivot thereabout.

Optionally, a hydraulic cylinder or the like is pivotally attached to the chamber and also to the thrust block to facilitate desired aiming of the chamber. The hydraulic cylinder may either be an active component which facilitates aiming of the chamber by utilizing the hydraulic cylinder as an actuator according to well-known principles, or may alternatively merely serve as a damping device which prevents undesired movement of the chamber much as an automobile's shock absorber prevents undesired movement of the automobile body as the automobile traverses an uneven roadway. Optionally, a screen, grate, or the like covers the water inlet outlet, so as to mitigate the introduction of undesirable debris and the like into the chamber. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, such debris may cause undesirable fouling of the chamber and may tend to block the air inlet, thereby reducing the effectiveness of the wave generating device of the present invention. Optionally, a flair may be formed at the water inlet/outlet end of the chamber so as to effect desired spreading of the waves generated therefrom. Preferably, the flair comprises a horizontal flair which increases in horizontal dimension as the wave travels farther from the water inlet/outlet. Alternatively, the flair may also increase in vertical dimension as the wave travels farther from the wave inlet/outlet. Indeed, the flair may increase in both horizontal and vertical dimension as the wave travels farther from the water inlet/outlet, if desired.

Optionally, a filter sleeve is disposed within the chamber and is configured so as to be in laminar juxtaposition with a substantial portion of the chamber. The filter sleeve prevents debris and the like from contacting the inner walls of the chamber and also mitigates the undesirable introduction of such debris into the air inlet.

Optionally, one or more filter inserts are removably disposed within the chamber proximate the water inlet/outlet. Such removable inserts prevent the imdesirable introduction of debris and the like into the chamber. Preferably, such filter inserts are attached in place within the chamber via an eyebolt latch which removably locks the filter insert within the chamber. The eyebolt latch comprises an eyebolt and a latch. The eyebolt may be used for removing the filter insert from the chamber and for adding a new filter insert to the chamber. The latch cooperates with the eyebolt such that when the eyebolt is disposed in a first orientation, e.g., with the hole thereof in line with the elongated chamber, the latch is unlocked such that the filter insert may be installed into or removed from the chamber and when the eyebolt is disposed perpendicularly with respect to the elongated chamber, then the latch is in a locked configuration such that the filter insert is maintained in position within the chamber.

Thus, for example, the eyebolt may pivotally attached to the filter insert and may have one or more locking flanges attached thereto, such that when the eyebolt rotates, the locking flanges engage or disengage the chamber. Thus, rotating the eyebolt locks the filter insert in place and unlocks the filter insert such that it may be removed from the chamber.

According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the wave generating device is disposed upon a float or barge such that it may be moved about within a body of water, as desired. In this manner, waves may be generated upon a desired portion of the body of water and aimed in a desired direction. At least one chamber is disposed upon the barge. Each chamber is in fluid communication with a pressure storage tank which is preferably disposed upon the barge. Each chamber is configured so that it may be at least partially filled with water, so as to effect the generation of a wave. Preferably, two chambers are disposed upon the barge, one upon each side thereof. The barge is preferably configured so as to facilitate at least partial submersion of the chambers. Thus, the barge optionally comprises at least one ballast tank which is floodable with water so as to at least partially submerge the chambers.

Alternatively, the chambers may be lowered into the water with a chamber lowering assembly which either manually or via motor, hydraulic actuator or other mechanical device, moves the chamber into the water and optionally also moves the chamber back out of the water. Optionally, a combination of one or more floodable ballast tanks and a chamber lowering device may be utilized, if desired. The chamber lowering device preferably comprises pivot arms which allow the chambers to be swung outboard with respect to the barge and then into the water.

A further embodiment of the present invention is defined by a watercraft racetrack which comprises a body of water, preferably having an island disposed generally centrally therein, so as to define a track. A plurality of wave generating devices are disposed about the body of water for generating waves thereupon. The wave generating devices are disposed so as to generate waves in a desired fashion. Thus, a plurality of such water generating devices may be aligned so as to reinforce one another, to effect the generation of waves having a desired amplitude. Further, a plurality of wave generating devices may be aimed such that the waves generated thereby intersect one another so as to form turbulent or choppy water.

As a further embodiment of the present invention, the wave generating device may be attached, either permanently or removably, to a semi-trailer or the like, which has a body of water disposed therein. Thus, a portable wave generating device is provided which allows waves to be generated at various different locations for recreational purposed and the like. Optionally, an artificial reef may be provided within the semi-trailer so as to cause waves to break at desired locations therein and so as to mimic a beach.

Optionally, a wave catch may be utilized to catch waves which might otherwise spill over the end of the semi-trailer. The semi-trailer preferably has an open top, so as to allow the sun to shine in. A body of water may be formed for using the wave generating device of the present invention for the generation of waves therein by lining a depression in the ground with sheet polymer material. Preferably, gravel is applied over the sheet polymer material both to help maintain the desired position of the sheet polymer material and to protect the sheet polymer material. Further, according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the volume of the pressurized air tank is preferably between approximately 1/8 and approximately 1/4, preferably approximate 3/16, of the volume of the chamber when only one chamber is utilized. When a plurality of chambers are utilized, then the volume of the pressurized air tank is preferably between approximately 1/8 and approximately 1/4, preferably approximate 3/16, of a sum of the volumes of the chambers. That is, the volumes of all of the chambers are added together and the volume of the pressurized air tank is preferably between approximately 1/8 and approximately 1/4, preferably approximate 3/16, of this value.

The valve is preferably configured to open in less than 1 second, preferably less than 50 msec. Indeed, the valve is preferably configured so as to open as fast as possible. The valve is preferably configured so as to close when air released into the chamber through the valve approximately reaches an end of the chamber. Alternatively, the valve may be configured to close before air released into the chamber through the valve reaches the open end of the chamber. In this manner, no more air than is actually necessary to expel the desired quantity of water is utilized and replenishment of pressurized air within the pressure storage tank may be accomplished faster, so that subsequent waves may be generated sooner.

According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a valve control, preferably an electromc valve control or timer, is configured to cause the valve to close at the desired time.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the chamber has a length which is approximately 7 times a diameter thereof. Such configuration of the length and diameter of the chamber is particularly useful when it is desired to provide a wave having a given height. It has been found that when the chamber has a length which is approximately 7 times a diameter of the chamber, then waves generated by the wave cannon according to the present invention have a height approximately equal to the diameter of the chamber. Increasing the length of the chamber to greater than 7 times the diameter of the chamber results in a proportional increase in wave height.

The pressure storage tank is preferably configured to contain pressurized air at approximately 100 psi.

When the tank is sized so as to be between approximately 1/8 and approximately 1/4 of the volume of the sum of all of the chambers and when the tank is filled with pressurized air at approximately 100 psi, it has been found that the pressure of air within the pressurized air tank drops only approximately 20 psi per wave generated. Thus, according to one aspect of the present invention, the tank is preferably sized so as to facilitate a drop of approximately 20 psi (20 percent for an initial pressure of 100 psi) or less per wave generated thereby.

Further, according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressure storage tank preferably comprises an air outlet port for facilitating fluid communication between the pressure storage tank and the valve, wherein the air outlet port preferably has a diameter between approximately 1/5 and approximately 1/7, preferably approximately 1/6, of a diameter of a water inlet/outlet opening in the chamber.

The chamber preferably comprises an air inlet port for facilitating fluid communication between the valve and the chamber, the air inlet port preferably has a diameter between approximately 1/5 and approximately 1/7, preferably approximately 1/6, of a diameter of the water inlet/outlet opening in the chamber.

In any instance, the air outlet port of the pressure storage tank is preferably at least as large as the air inlet port of the chamber, such that the air outlet port of the pressure.storage tank does not undesirably impede air flow from the pressure storage tank to the chamber(s). The valve is also at least as large as the air inlet port of the chamber such that the valve likewise does not impede air flow from the pressure storage tank to the chamber(s).

As used herein, diameter is defined to include effective diameter and effective diameter is defined to include any size and/or configuration of opening which provides flow characteristics similar to those of a circular opening having the specified diameter. According to one aspect of the present invention, the chamber(s) may be sufficiently long, typically in excess of 50 times the diameter thereof, so as to effect the generation of multiple waves with a single firing of the chamber(s). As those skilled in the art will appreciate, such lengthening of the chamber(s) causes sufficient water to be stored therein so as to effect the formation of such multiple wave sets. Thus, sets containing a plurality of waves may be easily and conveniently generated according to the present invention.

Generally, it will be desired to open the valve long enough to expel approximately all of the water contained within the chamber therefrom, so as to effect the generation of the maximum number of waves. However, the valve may alternatively be closed prior to ejection of all of the water from the barrel, so as to effect the generation of a different, e.g., non-maximum, number of waves per set. Thus, the valve is open sufficiently long to force the desired quantity of water from the barrel.

Thus, according to the present invention, substantial advances with respect to the basic, contemporary wave generating devices are provided which facilitate aiming thereof, enhance the operational efficiency thereof, reduce the cost of maintenance and operation thereof, and which allow waves to be generated in various different places within a body of water, as well as within a trailer which may be moved about as desired upon dry land.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWTNGS These and other features, aspects and advantages of the present invention will be more fully understood when considered with respect to the following detailed description, appended claims and accompanying drawings wherein:

Figure 1 is a schematic top view of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic side view of the invention of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a front view plan of the invention of Figure 1 ;

Figure 4-7 are components of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a schematic top view of an alternative configuration of the present invention;

Figure 9 is a side view of the present invention that is placed inside a wave pool;

Figure 10 is a side view of the present invention protruding through the exterior of the wave pool wall;

Figure 1 la-1 lc are a sequence of side views showing one wave formation sequence of the present invention;

Figure 12 is a schematic top view of multiple wave cannons connected together;

Figure 13 is a schematic top view of the present invention placed in a large body of water and being aimed back at the shoreline;

Figure 14 is a side view of Figure 13;

Figure 15 is a schematic side view of the present invention located off the shoreline of a body of water; Figure 16 is a top view of Figure 15;

Figure 17 is a top view of a small version of the present invention located in a small body of water;

Figure 18 is a top view of the present invention located in a small pool or fountain; Figure 19 is a schematic top view of a barrel having a ball joint formed thereto for effecting aiming thereof;

Figure 20 is a schematic side view of a barrel having an air outlet formed proximate the water inlet/outlet for facilitating reclamation of pressurized air from the chamber;

Figure 21 is a schematic side view of a chamber having a taper formed proximate the air inlet thereof;

Figure 22 is a schematic side view of a barrel having a taper formed from the air inlet to the water inlet/outlet thereof;

Figure 23 is a schematic top view of an aimable barrel having two mounting members, e.g., bushings and/or springs, which partially attach the barrel to a foundation or thrust block; Figure 24 is a schematic side view of the barrel having a grate formed at the water inlet/outlet thereof to prevent the undesirable introduction of debris and the like into the chamber; Figure 25 is an end view of the barrel of Figure 24;

Figure 26 is a schematic top view of a barrel having a flair attached to the water inlet/outlet end thereof; Figure 27 is an end view of the flair and barrel of Figure 26;

Figure 28 is a schematic side view of a barrel having a filter sleeve disposed therein; Figure 29 is an end view of the barrel and barrel sleeve of Figure 28; Figure 30 is a schematic side view of a barrel having removable filter inserts; Figure 31 is an end view of the barrel and removable filter inserts of Figure 30; Figure 32 is a schematic side view of a barge having two wave generating devices of the present invention thereon;

Figure 33 is a top view of the barge and wave generating devices of Figure 32; Figure 34 is a front end view of the barge of Figure 32;

Figure 35 is a front end view of the barge of Figure 32 having the barrels lowered into the water for operation thereof;

Figure 36 is a top plan view of a watercraft racetrack according to the present invention; Figure 37 is a schematic side view of a semi-trailer having a body of water formed therein and having a wave generating device according to the present invention installed thereon;

Figure 38 is a schematic top view of the semi-trailer and wave generating device of Figure 37; and

Figure 39 is a schematic side view of a wave generating device disposed within a body of water having a gravel covered liner. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The detailed description set forth below in connection with the appended drawings is intended as a description of the presently preferred embodiments of the invention and is not intended to represent the only forms in which the present invention may be constructed or utilized. The detailed description sets forth the construction and functions of the invention, as well as the sequence of steps for operating the invention in connection with the illustrated embodiments. It is to be understood, however, that the same or equivalent functions may be accomplished by different embodiments that are also intended to be encompassed within the spirit and scope of the invention. Referring now to Figure 1, the wave generator comprises elongated water chambers 7 which are placed on a grade platform 8. Grade platform 8 is bolted 17 to the bottom of the body of water or grade platform 8 is the formation of the dirt, sand, or soil which could be molded and covered with concrete to take the form and function of grade platform 8. The elongated water chambers 7 are prevented from moving by fastening straps 9 that wrap around the elongated water chambers and bolt 19 into the grade platform 8. The back wall 18 further supports and anchors the elongated water chambers 7. Piping 6 connects the elongated water chambers 7 to a control valve 5 which activates in short sequences. Piping 6 then connects the control valve 5 which activates in short sequences. Piping 6 then connects the control valve 5 which activates in short sequences. Piping 5 then connects the control valve 5 to an air pressure storage tank 2. The pressure storage tank 2 has a pressure gauge 3 attached to it for reading the amount of air pressure that the air pressure storage tank 2 contains. The air pressure storage tank 2 is connected by piping 4 to a compressor 1 or multitudes of compressors 1 which continuously pressurizes the air pressure storage tank 2 with air.

According to one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressure storage tank 2 stores a volume of pressurized air between approximately 1/8 and approximately 1/4, preferably approximately 3/16, of the volume of all of the chambers 7. That is, the volumes of all of the chambers are added together and the sum of the volumes of all of the chambers should be between approximately four and approximately 8 times the volume of the pressure storage tank 2. It has been found that the use of such relative capacities provides for the expelling of water from the chamber 7 in a manner which results in the formation of a wave having desirable characteristics, e.g., height and shape.

Of course, when only a single chamber 7 is utilized, then the pressure storage tank 2 preferably has a volume equal to between approximately 1/8 and approximately 1/4, preferably approximately 3/16, the volume of the chamber 7. The pressure storage tank is preferably sized such that pressure therein drops no more than approximately 20 percent (20 psi when initially pressurized to 100 psi) for each wave generated.

JO- The control valve 5 is preferably configured to open in less than 1 second, preferably in less than 50 msec. It has been found that opening the valve in a short time facilitates the formation of a wave having desirable characteristics, e.g., height and shape. Therefore, it is generally desirable to open the valve as fast as possible. The valve 5 is preferably configured so as to close when air released into the chamber 7 approximately reaches the open end or water inlet/outlet 201 of the chamber(s) 7. In this manner, the maximum quantity of pressurized air is utilized, without wasting any pressurized air such as by allowing further flow thereof after the water has been substantially expelled from each chamber 7. Alternatively, the valve may be configured so as to close before air released into the chamber reaches the water inlet/outlet 201 thereof.

The pressure storage tank 2 is preferably configured so as to safely contain approximately 100 psi of pressurized air and approximately 100 psi of pressurized air is preferably utilized to expel water from each chamber 7. That is, the pressure storage tank 2 is preferably pressurized to approximately 100 psi prior to opening the valve 5. Referring now to Figure 2, a schematic side view of Figure 1 is provided. It is possible to view the shape of the grade platform 8 and how the fastening straps 9 bolt 19 into the grade platform 8. It also gives us a view of how grade platform 8 bolts 17 into the bottom of the body of water 10. The angle of the grade platform 8 can range between 1 to 10 degrees.

Referring now to Figure 3, a front view of the present invention is provided. This view makes it possible to see how the grade platform 8 cradles the elongated water chambers 7.

Referring now to Figure 4, one preferred embodiment of an elongated water chamber 7 was an open end and a closed end. Nipple 13 reduces the size of the back of the elongated water chambers 7 for piping to attach to. Pressurized air is induced into the elongated water chambers 7 through the nipple 13. The height 12 of the elongated chambers 7 needs to equal the height of the wave crest of the waveforms wanted to artificially create. The preferred length 11 of the elongated water chambers 7 should equal the distance of the wavelength of the waveform wanted to artificially create, but the length 11 can be made smaller or larger to create different variations.

Each chamber 7 is preferably configured such that the length 11 thereof is approximately

7 times the diameter 12 thereof. It has been found that such relative sizing of the length 11 and diameter 12 of the chamber 7 results in the formation of a wave having a height approximately equal to the diameter 12 of the chamber 7.

Thus, when a wave having a particular height is desired, the formation of such a wave may be accomplished by providing a chamber 7 having a diameter 12 which is approximately equal to the height of the desired wave and the chamber 7 having a length 11 which is approximately 7 times the diameter 12.

According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, an inlet port or nipple 13 has an opening or inner diameter, thereby defining an air inlet port for the chamber 7, which has a diameter of between approximately 1/5 and 1/7, preferably approximately 1/6, the diameter of the water inlet/outlet opening 201 of the chamber 7.

Referring now to Figure 5, a top view and side view of the grade platform 8 is provided which can be molded out of the sand or soil with the anchoring systems bolting 17 and 19 into the soil having some concrete foundation. The grade platform 8 can also be constructed out of solid concrete.

Referring now to Figure 6, the piping sections and fittings used to connect the components of the present invention together are shown. The piping sections and fittings may be made from a metal or a plakic. However, the piping and fittings must be able to approximately hold 80 psi of air pressure.

Referring now to Figure 7, the air pressure storage tank 2 has a pressure storage tank 2 has a pressure gauge 3 attached to it. Nipple 15 connects to piping that attaches to the control valve 5, as best illustrated in Figure 8. Nipple 14 connects to a means of compressed air. The air is induced through nipple 14 into the air pressure storage tank 2. The pressure storage tank 2 preferably has a nipple 14 which has an opening or inner diameter that defines an air outlet port such that the inner diameter is between approximately 1/5 and approximately 1/7, preferably approximately 1/6, the diameter of the water inlet/outlet opening 201 (Figure 4) of the chamber 7. In any instance, the diameter of the opening of the air outlet port of the nipple 14 is at least as large as the diameter of the opening of the air inlet port of the nipple 13 , such that the air outlet port of the nipple 14 does not undesirably restrict air flow from the pressure storage tank 2 to the chamber(s) 7.

Thus, according to the present invention, a method of generating a wave comprises pressurizing a storage tank to approximately 100 psi with a gas and opening a valve so as to facilitate gas flow from the pressure storage tank to a chamber. The valve preferably opens completely within approximately 1 second, preferably within approximately 50 msec.

Alternatively, the valve may be closed approximately when gas released into the chamber through the valve reaches an open end of the chamber. Alternatively, the valve may be closed before the gas released into the chamber through the valve reaches the open end of the chamber.

The present invention further comprises a method for generating a wave of a desired height, wherein a pressurized air tank is pressurized, preferably to approximately 100 psi and a valve is opened so as to allow pressurized air to flow from the pressure storage to a chamber. The chamber contains water and the pressurized air urges the water from the chamber, so as to form the wave. The chamber has a diameter approximately equal to the desired height of the wave and the chamber has a length approximately equal to 7 times the diameter. Again, the valve is preferably opened completely within 1 second, preferably within 50 msec. The valve may be closed when the air which is released into the chamber through the valve approximately reached the open end of the chamber. Alternatively, the valve may be closed before air released into the chamber through the valve reaches the open end of the chamber. For example, the chamber may be configured so as to have a diameter of 4 feet and a length of 28 feet. Such a chamber contains approximately 94 gallons per foot and therefore has a total capacity of approximately 2,632 gallons. According to the present invention, the pressure storage tank has a capacity of between approximately 329 gallons and approximately 658 gallons and is configured to store air at between approximately 10 and 150 psi, preferably between 20 and 100 psi, preferably approximately 100 psi.

However, it will be appreciated that the pressure storage tank, valve, and piping are sized so as to accommodate the desired number of chambers, which may be more than a single chamber, so as to generate a desired wave. According to one aspect of the present invention, the velocity and/or height of waves generated thereby can be varied. The height of waves generated by the present invention can be varied by varying the length of the chamber as discussed above. The velocity of waves generated by the present invention can be varied by varying the pressure of air stored within the pressure storage tank and utilized to expel air from the chamber. As used herein, the term "velocity" as it relates to the velocity of waves generated by the present invention is defined as the initial velocity of the wave. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that ultimately physical parameters such as the density of the water and the depth of the water will determine the velocity of the wave as it propagates farther from the wave generating device of the present invention. However, it will further be appreciated that the initial velocity of a wave generated by the present invention will be determined substantially by the initial velocity of the water expelled from the chamber. Thus, by varying the velocity with which water is expelled from the chamber, the velocity of a wave can be varied substantially.

It will further be appreciated that a given quantity of air is substantially necessary to expel water from a chamber according to the present invention. Thus, as air pressure within the pressure storage is reduced, so as to vary the velocity of a wave generated by the present invention, the size of the pressure storage tank must generally be increased, so as to provide enough air to expel water from the chamber.

Thus, according to one aspect of the present invention, waves may be generated having a desired velocity by selecting a desired wave velocity and then determining a pressure of the pressure storage tank corresponding to the desired wave velocity. The pressure corresponding to the desired wave velocity may be determined by calculation. However, it is generally desired that the pressure be determined empirically, since such pressure is dependent upon both the particular characteristics and specifications of the wave generating machine of the present invention and the environment in which the wave generating machine operates, e.g., the water depth.

After the pressure corresponding to the desired wave velocity has been determined, then the pressure storage tank is pressurized to that pressure and a valve is opened so as to allow pressurized air to flow from the pressure storage tank to the chamber(s), thereby expelling water from the chambers and forming a wave having approximately the desired velocity. .The velocity of the wave is substantially proportional to the pressure with which the pressure storage tank is pressurized.

Thus, the pressure storage tank preferably has volume between approximately 1/8 and approximately twice a volume of the sum of the volumes of the chambers. The exact volume of the pressure storage tank is preferably selected so as to provide sufficient air to form a wave when pressurized with a pressure which corresponds to a desired wave velocity. Thus, when it is desired to generate waves having lower velocities, then a lower pressure, 10 psi, for example, may be utilized so as to effect the generation of a wave having a lower velocity. In this instance, a larger pressure storage tank, having a volume of approximately twice the volume of the sum of the volumes of the chambers is utilized, so as to compensate for the reduced pressure of air stored therein.

Preferably, the pressure storage tank is pressurized to between approximately 10 psi and approximately 150 psi, preferably between approximately 20 and 100 psi, the pressure utilized being such as to effect the generation of a wave having the desired velocity.

Thus, according to one aspect of the present invention, the height of desired waves generated thereby is varied by providing a chamber having a length corresponding to the desired wave height and the velocity of waves generated thereby is varied by varying the pressure of air utilized to expel water from the chambers). According to another aspect of the present invention, the barrel may be increased in length 11 sufficiently so as to effect the generation of a plurality of waves, thereby defining a wave set, with one firing thereof. That is, the barrel may be defined so as to contain a sufficient quantity of water as to inherently form a plurality of waves for a single opening of the valve which releases pressurized air from the pressurized air storage tank into the chamber(s) 7. Preferably, a set of waves, each set comprising two or more waves, is formed by providing chamber(s) 7 having a length 11 which is at least 50 times the diameter 12 thereof. Thus, for example, a chamber 7 having a length of 100 feet and a diameter of 2 feet may be utilized to form a plurality of waves.

The valve 5 is preferably opened within 1 second, preferably within 50 msec, and remains open long enough to expel the desired quantity of water. That is, the valve 5 remains open long enough to expel a quantity of water which forms the desired number of waves within the set. Thus, the valve 5 may be closed before all of the water contained within the chambers) 7 is expelled, if desired.

Referring now to Figure 8, an alternate embodiment of Figure 1 is provided. The distance that the elongated water chambers 7 are placed apart is different, showing that the elongated water chambers have the possibility of being placed and anchored further apart, whatever distances are applicable. Referring now to Figure 9, the present invention is placed inside of a body of water 21.

The water surface 20 is above the elongated water chambers 7. Figure 9 further shows how the control valve 5 is clearly out of the body of water 21. Having the air pressure storage tank 2 and the air compressors 1 behind the pool wall 22 keeps these items out of the body of water 21 and thus, keeping these items dry which then requires less maintenance.

Referring now to Figure 10, the present invention is attached to a body of water 21 by the elongated water chamber 7 which passes through the pool wall 22, keeping the open ends of the elongated water chambers 7 below the water surface 20.

Referring now to Figure 11 , a sequence of side views show one wave formation sequence of the present invention. Reference number 23 denotes the air that is being induced through pipe

6 into the elongated water chambers 7, forcing the water that they contained out into the body of water 21 , creating wave 24. An artificial reef 30 controls the breaking direction of the wave form 24. The air that was induced 25 escapes out of the open ends of the elongated water chambers

7 and therefore, reloads the elongated water chamber 7 with water preparing for another wave formation sequence.

Referring now to Figure 12, a plurality of wave generating devices are connected together into a wave pool to provide a desired width of waves generated thereby. The multitude of control valves 5 are electrically connected 27 to an electric valve activator 26 which activates all of the control valves 5 simultaneously in short interval sequences. The elongated water chambers 7 protrude through the pool wall 22 to connect with the body of water 21. After the electric valve activator 26 activates a waveform travels from the open ends of the elongated water chambers 7 to the artificial reef 28, said artificial reef 28 makes the waveform plunge and peel.

Referring now to Figure 13, the present invention is placed in a large body, of water 21, aiming back at the shoreline 29. The air compressors a and b, air pressure storage tanks a and b, along with the control valves 5 and the valve activator 26 are on the shoreline 29 keeping these components dry and thus requiring less maintenance. Piping 6 runs out on the bottom of the body of water 21 to connect to valves 16. The check valve 16 keeps the water 21 from entering the piping 6. The check valves 16 are piped 6 to multiple elongated water chambers 7. The elongated water chambers 7 are anchored on the pile platform 32, said elongated water chambers 7 are aimed so that the waveform travels to an artificial reef 30 which makes the waveform plunge and peel.

Referring now to Figure 14, components of the present invention are in the same arrangement and position as that in Figure 13, with the components also having the same numerical number. In Figure 15 , the present invention is located off the shoreline of a body of water 21 with the grade 8 and the elongated water chambers 7 anchored onto the pile platform 32 which is lifted up off the bottom of the body of water 21. Keeping these components dry is important for minimizing maintenance requirements. The elongated water chambers 7 are placed to be just below the water surface 20.

Referring now to Figure 16, the components of the present invention are in the arrangement and position as that in Figure 15. This embodiment of the present invention can be used to fight erosion of the of the coastlines by creating artificial waves to calm or even cancel out natural storm surf, therefore stopping the storm surf and surge from ever reaching the coastlines.

Referring now to Figures 17 and 18, the wave generating device of the present invention is shown in a small pond and a small pool, respectively. The use of this application of the present invention would be for visual and acoustic entertainment.

In Figure 17, a small pond was formed and the elongated water chambers 7 are placed inside of the pond. The control valve activates creating wave motion 34 which breaks on the pond shoreline 33. In Figure 18, the present invention is placed inside a small pool to create wave motion. Referring now to Figure 19, the barrel 102 has an air inlet 202 and a water inlet/outlet 201 and is configured such that it may be aimed so that the chamber 7 causes a wave to be generated in a desired direction. The barrel 102 comprises an aimable mounting member such as a ball joint comprised of ball 35 and socket 101. The ball 35 is formed to the barrel 102, such as via welding, fasteners (bolts, screws, rivets, etc.) or any other desired means. The socket 101 is attached to a foundation, such as the concrete bottom of a pool. Thus, the barrel 102 can be aimed in a desired direction.

The ball joint may be configured either so as to allow horizontal movement only or so as to allow both horizontal and vertical movement of the barrel 102. Horizontal movement of the barrel will result in aiming of the chamber so as to cause waves to be generated along different paths upon the surface of the body of water. Vertical movement of the barrel 102 may be used to vary the wave height and or degree of spreading of the wave. Thus, vertical movement of the barrel 108 may be used to optimize the wave height, so as to obtain a wave having enhanced amplitude.

Referring now to Figure 20, pressurized air 23 which is used to expel water 103 from the chamber 7, so as to form a wave, is reclaimed in order to enhance the operational efficiency of the system. Pressurized air 23 is reclaimed via air outlet 37 which is in fluid communication with reclaimed air storage tank 38. The air outlet 37 is preferably configured so as to be much larger than the air inlet 202 and preferably so as to be approximately equal in size to the water inlet/outlet 201. The air outlet 37 is disposed proximate the water inlet/outlet 201, so as to provide ample time for the pressurized air 23 to expel the water 103 from the chamber 7. The air outlet 37 is disposed far enough away from the water inlet/outlet 201 so as to allow enough water 103 to remain within the chamber 7 to block the water inlet/outlet 201 while pressurized air 23 is reclaimed through the air outlet 37. This prevents a portion of the pressurized air 23 from escaping through the water inlet/outlet 201 before at least a portion of the pressurized air

23 can be so reclaimed.

Check valve 16 prevents pressurized air which has entered the reclaimed air storage tank 38 from leaking back into the chamber 7 through the air outlet 37. Thus, reclaimed pressurized air captured within the reclaimed air storage tank 38 is fed to compressor 1 which further compresses the reclaimed pressurized air and provides the further compressed air to pressure storage tank 2. Control valve 5 allows compressed air from the pressure storage tank 2 to enter the chamber 7 so as to effect the generation of a wave.

Preferably, grate 36 covers the air outlet 37, so as to mitigate the undesired introduction of debris and other foreign material into the air outlet 37. Grate 36 allows air to enter the air outlet 37 while mitigating the flow of water thereunto.

As those skilled in the art will appreciate, less energy is required to compress the already pressurized air from the reclaimed air storage tank 38 than is required to pressurize air at ambient pressure. Thus, according to this embodiment of the present invention, the energy, e.g., electricity, required to effect operation of the wave generating device is substantially reduced, thereby substantially reducing operating costs.

Referring now to Figures 21 and 22, at least a portion of the chamber 7 may be tapered so as to allow the pressurized air 23 to expand in a controlled manner. By controlling the rate at which the pressurized air 23 expands within the chamber 7, the profile or cross-section of a wave can be controlled somewhat. Thus, by expelling the water rapidly from the chamber 7, a steeper wave, which tends to break sooner, may be generated. Conversely, by expelling the water from the tank at a slower rate, due to a slower expansion of the air within a chamber 7, a broader wave or swell may be generated which tends to break much later, e.g., closer to the shore.

With particular reference to Figure 21 , only that portion 39a of the chamber 7 proximate the air inlet 202 is tapered. According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention 5 to 30 percent of the length of the chamber 7 is so tapered.

With particular reference to Figure 22, the entire length 39b of the chamber 7 from the air inlet 202 to the water inlet/outlet 201 is tapered.

Referring now to Figure 23, another preferred embodiment which facilitates aiming of the chamber 7 in a desired direction is provided. According to this alternative configuration, at least one attachment member comprises a cushion or spring 41 and/or bushings 46 which absorb recoil and facilitate pivoting of the chamber 7 with respect to a back wall, anchor support, foundation or thrust block 18. The bushings preferably comprise pivot joints which allow the cushions or springs 41 to rotate with respect to the thrust block 18. Alternatively, the bushings may comprise piston and sleeve arrangements wherein a piston slides frictionally within a sleeve to further absorb recoil. Optional hydraulic cylinder 42 and hydraulic piston or ram 43 may be utilized to effect such desired aiming of the chamber 7. Alternatively, the hydraulic cylinder 42 and ram 43 may be used merely to dampen undesirable movement of the chamber 7.

Referring now to Figures 24 and 25, optional screen or grate 36 covers the water inlet/outlet 201 of the chamber 7. The grate 36 prevents foreign matter from entering the chamber 7 of the wave generating device. The grate 36 is preferably removably attached to the chamber 7 via fasteners such as screws, bolts, or via latches such that the grate 36 can easily be removed so as to facilitate cleaning, inspection and maintenance of the chamber 7. Latches 125 preferably removably attach the grate 36 to the barrel 102. Referring now to Figures 26 and 27, optional flair 47 may be provided at the water inlet/outlet 201 end of the chamber 7 so as to effect spreading of waves generated by the chamber 7 in a controlled and desired manner. The angle of the flair 47 effects the rate at which the generated wave spreads. Thus, a larger flair, i.e., having a greater angle, Angle A, may be utilized to effect the generation of broader waves having lower amplitudes and a much smaller flair, i.e., having a smaller angle, Angle A, may be used to effect a generation of narrower waves having a larger amplitude. The flair is preferably configured such that the outlet or distal end thereof has an opening which is approximately 5 times as large as the inlet or proximal end thereof.

Referring now to Figures 28 and 29, optional filter sleeve 49 may be disposed within the chamber 7 so as to prevent undesirable contact of debris and other foreign material with the interior walls of the chamber 7 and so as to prevent the introduction of such debris and foreign material into the air inlet 202. Latches 48 facilitate attachment of the filter sleeve 49 to the chamber 7.

Referring now to Figures 30 and 31, optional filter inserts 52 may be inserted into the chamber 7 via openings 105 formed thereinto. Although Figure 30 shows two such filter sleeves 52 and two such openings 105, those skilled in the art will appreciate that any desired number of such filter inserts 52 and a corresponding number of openings 105 may be utilized. Generally, a single filter insert 52 and opening 105 will be sufficient. Two filter inserts 52 are shown in Figure 30, so as to provide a depiction of one filter insert 52 having an eyebolt 50 oriented so as to effect locking thereof within the chamber 7 and showing another filter insert 52 having an eyebolt 50 oriented so as to release or not lock the filter insert 52 within the chamber 7. As shown, the distal-most filter insert 52 has an eyebolt 50 oriented with its opening generally perpendicular to the longitudinal access of the chamber 7 so as to position the flanges 104 of the latch thereof such that they extend outwardly with respect to the filter insert 52, so as to lock the filter insert 52 within the chamber. By way of contrast, the proximal-most filter insert 52 has the eyebolt 50 oriented such that the opening thereof is in line with the longitudinal access of the chamber 7, thereby causing the flanges 104 thereof to be retracted in a manner which does not lock the filter insert 52 within the chamber 7, thereby permitting installation and removal of the filter insert 52 with respect to the chamber 7.

Thus, each filter insert 52 comprises a screen or grate, an eyebolt 50 and a latch 104. The latch cooperates with the eyebolt 50 such that when the eyebolt 50 is turned in a first direction, e.g., aligned with the chamber 7, then the latch 104 is unlocked and the filter insert 52 may be installed within or removed from the chamber 7 via opening 105 formed in the chamber 7. When the eyebolt 50 is generally perpendicular to the chamber 7, then the flanges defining the 104 latch locks the filter insert 52 into the chamber 7, thereby preventing its removal therefrom. The latch 104 preferably comprises at least one, preferably two such flanges which extend from the eyebolt such that the flanges engage the chamber 7 when the eyebolt is oriented generally perpendicular to the chamber 7 and do not engage the chamber 7 when the eyebolt is generally aligned therewith.

Referring now to Figures 32-35, the chamber 7 may be disposed upon a float or barge 54, so as to allow the chamber 7 to be positioned as desired upon a body of water 20 so as to facilitate the generation of waves along a desired direction.

As used herein, the term "barge" is defined to include any flotation device which is suitable for supporting at least one wave generating system of the present invention so as to allow the wave generating system to be moved about and aimed in a desired direction in a body of water. With particular reference to Figure 33, a plurality, e.g., two, of chambers 7 are preferably installed upon the barge 54. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that any desired number of such chambers 7 may be installed upon the barge 54.

With particular reference to Figures 34 and 35, a lift mechanism 55 may be utilized to move each chamber 7 into the water 20. Preferably, the lift mechanism 55 comprises a pivot 106 which allows the chambers 7 to be swung overboard and into the water. The chambers 7 may be manually moved into the water 20 or a machine, such as a wench, hydraulic actuator, etc. may be utilized to effect such movement of the chamber 7 into the water 20 (as shown in Figure 35), as well as to effect movement of the chambers 7 out of the water.

Alternatively, one or more ballast tanks 79 may be flooded with water so as to lower the chamber 7 into the water. If desired, a combination of lift mechanisms and floodable ballast tanks

79 may be utilized so as to effect desired submersion of the chamber 7.

Referring now to Figure 36, a watercraft racetrack comprises an island 56 formed in a body of water 21 such that watercraft may race around the island. A plurality of wave generating devices 210 are positioned at desired locations along the outside bank or upon the island 56, so as to provide the desired waves. The wave generating devices 210 may be positioned so as to augment one another, so as to provide waves of a desired height. Alternatively, the wave generating devices 210 may be positioned so as to interfere with one another, so as to produce turbulence 107, if desired. A liner 57, preferably comprised of 40 mil vinyl or the like, may optionally be utilized to retain the water within the watercraft racetrack.

Referring now to Figures 37 and 38, a wave generating device of the present invention may be provided for use with a water containing semi-trailer or the like, so as to provide a portable wave system for recreational use. Preferably, braces 62 attach the wave generating device 200 to the semi-trailer 58. Optionally, a single break artificial reef 30 causes the waves to break at a desired point within the trailer 58. An optional wave catch 59 catches waves which spill thereover and recirculates water back into the body thereof within the trailer 58.

Preferably, the top of the trailer 58 is open along a large portion thereof to admit sunlight. A transparent roof may optionally be utilized. A closed roof 63 is optionally provided at the rear end of the trailer 58 so as to mitigate undesirable spillage of water from the trailer 58. Optionally, a removable roof may be provided.

Referring now to Figure 39, the chamber 7 is disposed within a body of water defined by a liner 57, which preferably comprises approximately 40 mil thick vinyl sheet material. Gravel 80 is placed atop the liner, so as to hold the liner in place and so as to prevent undesirable damage thereto.

Preferably, the size of the pressure storage tank 2 is related to both the size of the chamber(s)(the sum of the volumes of all of the chambers) and the pressure utilized to generate waves by forcing water out of the chamber(s). Preferably, the pressure storage tank 7 has a volume approximately equal to a sum of the volume(s) of the chamber(s) divided by the number of atmospheres (wherein one atmosphere is equal to approximately 14.7 psi) to which the pressure storage tank is pressurized in order to effect the generation of a wave. The method for generating waves preferably comprises pressurizing the pressure storage tank 2 to a pressure which is approximately equal to ambient pressure multiplied by a ratio of a sum of volume(s) of the chamber(s) to a volume of the pressure storage tank.

It is understood that the exemplary wave generating device described herein and described in the drawings represents only presently preferred embodiments of the invention. Indeed, various modifications and additions may be made to such embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, the chamber may be configured to have various shapes which are different from that shown and described. For example, the chamber may alternatively be square, triangular, hexagonal, octagonal, or oval in cross-section. Indeed, the chamber need not comprise an elongate structure, but rather may, alternatively, be comparatively short in configuration. Further, various sources of pressurized air other than a contemporary gas or electric powered air compressor are contemplated. For example, a single large piston which expels air from a correspondingly large cylinder may alternatively be utilized to effect the pressurization of a desired quantity of air with a single stroke. The piston may be caused to move within the chamber via gravity, spring action, a gas-powered engine or any other desired means.

Thus, these and other modifications and additions may be obvious to those skilled in the art and may be implemented to adapt the present invention for use in a variety of different applications.

Claims

1. A barrel for a wave generating device, the barrel comprising: a chamber; a water inlet/outlet formed in the chamber for facilitating ingress of water into the chamber and for facilitating egress of water from the chamber to generate a wave; an air inlet formed in the chamber for facilitating fluid communication between the chamber and a supply of compressed air; a mounting member for attaching the chamber to a foundation; and wherein the mounting member is configured to facilitate aiming of the barrel in a desired direction.

2. The barrel as recited in claim 1 , wherein the mounting member comprises at least a portion of a pivot mount.

3. The barrel as recited in claim 1 , wherein the mounting member comprises a ball.

4. The barrel as recited in claim 1, wherein the mounting member comprises a ball joint.

5. The barrel as recited in claim 1, wherein the mounting member comprises a ball formed to the chamber.

6. The barrel as recited in claim 1, wherein the mounting member comprises a ball formed so as to generally surround at least a portion of the chamber.

7. The barrel as recited in claim 1, wherein the mounting member comprises a ball formed so as to generally surround at least a portion of the chamber and a socket receiving the ball.

8. A wave generating device comprising: an air compressor; a pressure storage tank in fluid communication with the air compressor; a barrel comprising: a chamber; a water inlet/outlet formed in the chamber for facilitating ingress of water into the chamber and for facilitating egress of water from the chamber to generate a wave; an air inlet formed in the chamber for facilitating fluid communication between the chamber and the pressure storage tank; a mount for attaching the chamber to a foundation; and wherein the mount is configured to facilitate aiming of the barrel in a desired direction.

9. The wave generating device as recited in claim 8, wherein the mount comprises a pivot mount.

10. The wave generating device as recited in claim 8, wherein the mount comprises a ball joint.

11. The wave generating device as recited in claim 8, wherein the mount comprises a ball formed to the chamber and a socket receiving the ball, the socket being attachable to the foundation.

12. The wave generating device as recited in claim 8, wherein the mount comprises a ball formed so as to generally surround at least a portion of the chamber and a socket receiving the ball, the socket being attachable to the foundation.

13. A method for forming a wave in a body of water, the method comprising the steps of: filling a chamber at least partially with water; aiming a barrel in a desired direction; and expelling at least some of the water from the chamber with compressed air.

14. The method for forming a wave in a body of water as recited in claim 13 , wherein the chamber is formed within the barrel.

15. The method for forming a wave in a body of water as recited in claim 13, wherein the step of aiming the barrel comprises pivoting the barrel.

16. The method for forming a wave in a body of water as recited in claim 13, wherein the step of aiming the barrel comprises pivoting the barrel via a ball joint.

17. The method for forming a wave in a body of water as recited in claim 13, wherein the step of aiming the barrel comprises pivoting the barrel via a ball formed to the barrel and wherein a socket receives the ball.

18. The method for forming a wave in a body of water as recited in claim 13, wherein the step of arming the chamber comprises pivoting the chamber via a ball which generally surrounds at least a portion of the chamber and wherein a socket receives the ball.

19. The method for forming a wave in a body of water as recited in claim 13, wherein the step of aiming the chamber comprises aiming a tube.

20. A barrel for a wave generating device, the barrel comprising: a chamber; a water inlet/outlet formed in the chamber for facilitating ingress of water into the chamber and for facilitating egress of water from the chamber to generate a wave; an air inlet formed in the chamber for facilitating fluid communication between the chamber and a supply of compressed air; and an air outlet formed in the tube proximate the water inlet/outlet for facilitating reclamation of compressed air from the chamber.

21. The barrel as recited in claim 20, wherein the chamber comprises an elongated tube having the air inlet formed proximate one end thereof and having the water inlet/outlet formed proximate an opposite end thereof, the air outlet being formed closer to the water inlet/outlet than to the air inlet.

22. The barrel as recited in claim 20, further comprising a grate covering at least a portion of the air outlet so as to mitigate water flow therethrough.

23. The barrel as recited in claim 20, wherein the air outlet is larger than the air inlet.

24. The barrel as recited in claim 20, wherein the air outlet is approximately equal in size to the water inlet/outlet.

25. The barrel as recited in claim 20, further comprising a reclaimed air storage tank in fluid communication with the air outlet for storing reclaimed pressurized air.

26. The barrel as recited in claim 20, further comprising a check valve in fluid communication with the air outlet for mitigating air flow into the chamber through the air outlet.

27. A wave generating device comprising: an air compressor; a pressure storage tank in fluid communication with the air compressor; a barrel comprising: a chamber; a water inlet/outlet formed in the chamber for facilitating ingress of water into the chamber and for facilitating egress of water from the chamber to generate a wave; an air inlet formed in the chamber for facilitating fluid communication between the chamber and the pressure storage tank; and an air outlet formed in the chamber for facilitating reclamation of compressed air from the tube.

28. The wave generating device as recited in claim 27, wherein the chamber comprises an elongated tube having the air inlet formed proximate one end thereof and having the water inlet/outlet formed proximate an opposite end thereof, the air outlet being formed proximate the water inlet/outlet.

29. The wave generating device as recited in claim 27, further comprising a grate covering at least a portion of the air outlet so as to mitigate water flow therethrough.

30. The wave generating device as recited in claim 27, wherein the water outlet is larger than the air inlet.

31. The wave generating device as recited in claim 27, wherein the water outlet is approximately equal in size to the water inlet/outlet.

32. The wave generating device as recited in claim 27, comprising a check valve in fluid communication with the air outlet for mitigating air flow into the chamber through the air outlet.

33. The wave generating device recited in claim 27, further comprising an air reclamation tank receiving air from the air outlet and providing air to the air compressor.

34. A method for forming a wave in a body of water, the method comprising the steps of: filling a chamber at least partially with water; compressing air; storing compressed air in a pressure storage tank; expelling at least some of the water from the chamber with compressed air from the pressure storage tank; and reclaiming a portion of the compressed air used to expel the water from the chamber and providing reclaimed air to the air compressor.

35. The method for forming a wave in a body of water as recited in claim 34, further comprising the step of passing the air through a grate proximate the air outlet to mitigate flow of water through the air outlet.

36. The method for forming a wave in a body of water as recited in claim 34, further comprising the step of passing the air from the air outlet through a check valve prior to providing the air to the air compressor.

37. The method for forming a wave in a body of water as recited in claim 34, further comprising the step of storing air from the air outlet in a reclamation tank prior to providing the reclaimed air to the compressor.

38. A barrel for a wave generating device, the barrel comprising: an elongated tubular chamber; an air inlet formed proximate a first end of the chamber for facilitating fluid communication between the chamber and a supply of compressed air; a water inlet/outlet formed proximate a second end of the chamber for facilitating ingress of water into the chamber and for facilitating egress of water from the chamber to generate a wave; and a taper formed in the chamber proximate the first end thereof, the taper increasing a cross- sectional area of the chamber as the taper gets closer to the second end of the chamber.

39. The barrel as recited in claim 38, wherein the taper extends a portion of a distance between the first end of the chamber and the second end of the chamber.

40. The barrel as recited in claim 38, wherein the taper extends substantially an entire distance from the first end of the chamber to the second end of the chamber.

41. A wave generating device comprising: an air compressor; a pressure storage tank in fluid communication with the air compressor; a barrel comprising: a chamber; an air inlet formed proximate a first end of the chamber for facilitating fluid communication between the chamber and the pressure storage tank; a water inlet/outlet formed proximate a second end of the chamber for facilitating ingress of water into the chamber and for facilitating egress of water from the chamber to generate a wave; and a taper formed in the chamber proximate the first end thereof, the taper increasing a cross-sectional area of the chamber as the taper gets closer to the second end of the chamber.

42. The wave generating device as recited in claim 41 , wherein the taper extends along portion of a distance between the first end of the chamber and the second end of the chamber.

43. The wave generating device as recited in claim 41, wherein the taper extends substantially the entire distance from the first end of the chamber to the second end of the chamber.

44. A method for forming a wave in a body of water, the method comprising the steps of: filling a chamber at least partially with water; compressing air; storing compressed air in a pressure storage tank; and expelling at least some of the water from the chamber with compressed air from the pressure storage tank, the compressed air expanding along a taper formed in the chamber.

45. The method for forming a wave in a body of water as recited in claim 44, wherein the compressed air expands along a taper which extends along a portion of a distance between the first end of the chamber and the second end of the chamber.

46. The method for forming a wave in a body of water as recited in claim 44, wherein the compressed air expands along a taper which extends substantially an entire distance from the first end of the chamber to the second end of the chamber.

47. A barrel for a wave generating device, the barrel comprising: an elongated tubular chamber having proximal and distal ends; and a mounting member formed to the proximal end of the chamber to facilitate attachment of the chamber to a thrust block and to facilitate aiming of the chamber in a desired direction.

48. The barrel as recited in claim 47, wherein the mounting member comprises at least one of a bushing and spring.

49. The barrel as recited in claim 47, further comprising a hydraulic cylinder pivotally attached to the chamber and configured to be attached to the thrust block.

50. A wave generating device comprising: an air compressor; a pressure storage tank in fluid communication with the air compressor; a barrel comprising: a chamber having proximal and distal ends; an air inlet formed proximate the proximal end of the chamber for facilitating fluid communication between the chamber and the pressure storage tank; a water inlet/outlet formed proximate the distal end of the chamber for facilitating ingress of water into the chamber and for facilitating egress of water from the chamber to generate a wave; a thrust block; and a mounting member formed to the proximal end of the chamber to facilitate attachment of the chamber to the thrust block and to facilitate aiming of the chamber in a desired direction.

51. The wave generating device as recited in claim 50, wherein the mounting member comprises at least one of a bushing and a spring.

52. The wave generating device as recited in claim 50, further comprising a hydraulic cylinder pivotally attached to the chamber and configured to be attached to the thrust block.

53. A method for forming a wave in a body of water, the method comprising the steps of: filling a chamber at least partially with water; aiming a barrel in a desired direction by pivoting the barrel about a proximal end thereof, the proximal end be attached to a thrust block.

54. A barrel for a wave generating device, the barrel comprising: a chamber; a water inlet/outlet formed in the chamber for facilitating ingress of water into the chamber and for facilitating egress of water from the chamber to generate a wave; an air inlet formed in the chamber for facilitating fluid communication between the chamber and a supply of compressed air; and a screen covering the water inlet/outlet to inhibit introduction of foreign material into the chamber.

55. A wave generating device comprising: an air compressor; a pressure storage tank in fluid communication with the air compressor; a barrel comprising: a chamber; a water inlet/outlet formed in the chamber for facilitating ingress of water into the chamber and for facilitating egress of water from the chamber to generate a wave; an air inlet formed in the chamber for facilitating fluid communication between the chamber and the pressure storage tank; and a screen covering the water inlet/outlet to inhibit introduction of foreign material into the chamber.

56. A barrel for a wave generating device, the barrel comprising: an elongated tubular chamber; an air inlet formed proximate a first end of the chamber for facilitating fluid communication between the chamber and a supply of compressed air; a water inlet/outlet formed proximate a second end of the chamber for facilitating ingress of water into the chamber and for facilitating egress of water from the chamber to generate a wave; and a flair formed at the second end of the chamber.

57. The barrel as recited in claim 56, wherein the flair comprises a horizontal flair.

58. The barrel as recited in claim 56, wherein the flair has an opening which is approximately five times as large as the water inlet/outlet.

59. A wave generating device comprising: an air compressor; a pressure storage tank in fluid communication with the air compressor; a barrel comprising: a chamber; an air inlet formed proximate a first end of the chamber for facilitating fluid communication between the chamber and the pressure storage tank; a water inlet/outlet formed proximate a second end of the chamber for facilitating ingress of water into the chamber and for facilitating egress of water from the. chamber to generate a wave; and a flair formed at the second end of the chamber.

60. The wave generating device as recited in claim 59, wherein the flair comprises a horizontal flair.

61. The wave generating device as recited in claim 59, wherein the flair has an opening which is approximately five times as large as the water inlet/outlet.

62. A method for forming a wave in a body of water, the method comprising the steps of: filling a chamber at least partially with water; compressing air; storing compressed air in a pressure storage tank; and expelling at least some of the water from the chamber with compressed air from the pressure storage tank, the water moving through a flair after exiting the chamber.

63. A barrel for a wave generating device, the barrel comprising: an elongated tubular chamber; an air inlet formed proximate a first end of the chamber for facilitating fluid communication between the chamber and a supply of compressed air; a water inlet/outlet formed proximate a second end of the chamber for facilitating ingress of water into the chamber and for facilitating egress of water from the chamber to generate a wave; and a filter sleeve disposed within the chamber and generally in laminar juxtaposition with a substantial portion thereof.

64. The barrel as recited in claim 63 , further comprising at least one clip for removably attaching the filter sleeve to the chamber.

65. The barrel as recited in claim 63, further comprising a plurality of filter clips disposed proximate the water inlet/outlet for removably attaching the filter sleeve to the chamber.

66. A wave generating device comprising: an air compressor; a pressure storage tank in fluid communication with the air compressor; a barrel comprising: a chamber; an air inlet formed proximate a first end of the chamber for facilitating fluid communication between the chamber and the pressure storage tank; a water inlet/outlet formed proximate a second end of the chamber for facilitating ingress of water into the chamber and for facilitating egress of water from the chamber to generate a wave; and a filter sleeve disposed within the chamber and generally in laminar juxtaposition with a substantial portion thereof.

67. The wave generating device as recited in claim 66, further comprising at least one clip for removably attaching the filter sleeve to the chamber.

68. The wave generating device as recited in claim 66, further comprising a plurality of filter clips disposed proximate the water inlet/outlet for removably attaching the filter sleeve to the chamber.

69. A barrel for a wave generating device, the barrel comprising: an elongated tubular chamber; an air inlet formed proximate a first end of the chamber for facilitating fluid communication between the chamber and a supply of compressed air; a water inlet/outlet formed proximate a second end of the chamber for facilitating ingress of water into the chamber and for facilitating egress of water from the chamber to generate a wave; and a filter insert removably disposed within the chamber proximate the water inlet/outlet.

70. The barrel as recited in claim 69, further comprising an opening formed in a side of the chamber and configured to facilitate insertion and removal of the filter inserts with respect to the chamber.

71. The barrel as recited in claim 69, wherein the filter insert opening is formed proximate the water inlet/outlet.

72. The barrel as recited in claim 69, wherein the filter insert further comprises: a eyebolt for lifting the filter insert; and a latch for removably locking the filter insert within the chamber, the latch being locked and unlocked by turning the eyebolt.

73. A wave generating device comprising: an air compressor; a pressure storage tank in fluid communication with the air compressor; a barrel comprising: a chamber; an air inlet formed proximate a first end of the chamber for facilitating fluid communication between the chamber and the pressure storage tank; a water inlet/outlet formed proximate a second end of the chamber for facilitating ingress of water into the chamber and for facilitating egress of water from the chamber to generate a wave; and a filter insert removably disposed within the chamber proximate the water inlet/outlet.

74. The wave generating device as recited in claim 73 , further comprising an opening formed in a side of the chamber and configured to facilitate insertion and removal of the filter inserts with respect to the chamber.

75. The wave generating device as recited in claim 73 , wherein the filter insert opening is formed proximate the water inlet/outlet.

76. The wave generating device as recited in claim 73 , wherein the filter insert further comprises: a eyebolt for lifting the filter insert; and a latch for removably locking the filter insert within the chamber, the latch being locked and unlocked by turning the eyebolt.

77. A method for changing a filer in a wave generating device, the method comprising the steps of: turning an eyebolt of an old filter to effect unlocking of a latch which locks the old filter within a chamber of the wave generating device; lifting the old filter from the chamber via the eyebolt of the old filter; lifting a new filter into the chamber via an eyebolt of the new filter; and turning the eyebolt of the new filter to effect locking of a latch which lock the new filter within the chamber.

78. A wave generating device comprising: a barge; an air compressor; a pressure storage tank in fluid communication with the air compressor; and at least one chamber disposed upon the barge, each chamber being in fluid communication with the pressure storage tank and being configured so that the chamber can be at least partially filled with water.

79. The wave generating device as recited in claim 78, wherein the chamber(s) comprise two chambers, with one chamber disposed on each of two sides of the barge.

80. The wave generating device as recited in claim 78, wherein the barge is configured so as to facilitate at least partial submersion of the chamber(s).

81. The wave generating device as recited in claim 78, wherein the barge comprises at least one ballast tank which is floodable with water so as to at least partially submerge the chamber(s).

82. The wave generating device as recited in claim 78, further comprising a chamber lowering assembly for lowering the chamber(s) into the water.

83. The wave generating device as recited in claim 78, further comprising a pivot arm for lowering the chamber(s) into the water.

84. A method for forming a wave in a body of water, the method comprising the steps of: floating at least one chamber upon a barge; filling the chamber(s) at least partially with water; compressing air; storing the compressed air; and expelling the water from the chamber(s) with the expressed air.

85. The method for forming a wave in a body of water as recited in claim 84, wherein the step of filling the chamber(s) at least partially with water comprises at least partially submerging the chamber(s).

86. The method for forming a wave in a body of water as recited in claim 84, wherein the step of filling the chamber(s) at least partially with water comprises adding water to at least one ballast tank of the barge so as to at least partially submerge the chamber(s).

87. The method for forming a wave in a body of water as recited in claim 84, wherein the step of filling the chamber(s) at least partially with water comprises lowering the chamber with respect to the barge.

88. A watercraft racetrack comprising: a body of water having a island disposed generally centrally therein so as to define a track; a plurality of wave generating devices disposed about the body of water for generating waves thereupon, each wave generating device comprising: a chamber; a water inlet/outlet formed in the chamber for facilitating ingress of water into the chamber and for facilitating egress of water from the chamber to generate a wave; and an air inlet formed in the chamber for facilitating fluid communication between the chamber and a supply of compressed air.

89. The watercraft racetrack as recited in claim 88, further comprising a liner for mitigating leakage of water from the body thereof.

90. The watercraft racetrack as recited in claim 88 wherein the wave generating devices are configured so as to form at least one jump.

91. A portable wave pool comprising: a trailer having wheels, the trailer being configured to support a body of water; and a wave generating device disposed proximate one end of the trailer for generating waves within the body of water.

92. The portable wave pool as recited in claim 91 wherein the trailer comprises a semitrailer.

93. The portable wave pool as recited in claim 91 , further comprising an artificial reef upon which waves break.

94. The portable wave pool as recited in claim 91 wherein the trail has an open top for a substantial portion of the height thereof and has a roof formed proximate an end opposite the wave generating machine to mitigate water loss.

95. An apparatus for generating waves, the apparatus comprising: a pressure storage tank; at least one chamber in fluid communication with the pressure storage tank; a valve coupled to control air flow from the pressure storage tank to the chamber(s); and wherein a volume of the pressure storage tank is between approximately 1/8 and approximately 1/4 of a sum of a volume(s) of the chamber(s).

96. The apparatus as recited in claim 95, wherein the volume of the pressure storage tank is approximately 3/16 of the volume(s) of the chamber(s).

97. The apparatus as recited in claim 95, wherein the valve is configured to open in less than 1 second.

98. The apparatus as recited in claim 95, wherein the valve is configured to open in less than 50 msec.

99. The apparatus as recited in claim 95 , wherein the valve is configured to close when air released into the chamber through the valve approximately reaches an open end of the chamber.

100. The apparatus as recited in claim 95, wherein the valve is configured to close before air released into the chamber through the valve reaches an open end of the chamber.

101. The apparatus as recited in claim 95, wherein the chamber has a length which is approximately 7 times a diameter thereof.

102. The apparatus as recited in claim 95, wherein the pressure storage tank is configured to contain pressurized air at approximately 100 psi.

103. The apparatus as recited in claim 95 , wherein the pressure storage tank comprises an air outlet port for facilitating fluid communication between the pressure storage tank and the valve, the air outlet port having a diameter between approximately 1/5 and approximately 1/7 of a diameter of a water inlet/outlet opening in the chamber.

104. The apparatus as recited in claim 95, wherein the pressure storage tank comprises an air outlet port for facilitating fluid communication between the pressure storage tank and the valve, the air outlet port having a diameter of approximately 1/6 of a diameter of a water inlet/outlet opening in the chamber.

105. The apparatus as recited in claim 95, wherein the chamber comprises an air inlet port for facilitating fluid communication between the valve and the chamber, the air inlet port having a diameter between approximately 1/5 and approximately 1/7 of a diameter of a water inlet/outlet opening in the chamber.

106. The apparatus as recited in claim 95, wherein the chamber comprises an air inlet port for facilitating fluid communication between the valve and the chamber, the air inlet port having a diameter of approximately 1/6 of a diameter of a water inlet/outlet opening in the chamber.

107. The apparatus as recited in claim 95, wherein the air outlet port of the pressure storage tank is at least as large as the air inlet port of the chamber.

108. An apparatus for generating waves having a desired height, the apparatus comprising: a pressure storage tank; a chamber in fluid communication with the pressure storage tank; a valve coupled to control air flow from the pressure storage tank to the chamber; and wherein a diameter of the chamber is approximately equal to the desired height of the wave to be generated and wherein a length of the chamber is approximately equal to 7 times the diameter of the chamber.

109. An apparatus for generating waves, the apparatus comprising: a pressure storage tank; a chamber in fluid communication with the pressure storage tank; a valve coupled to control air flow from the pressure storage tank to the chamber; and wherein a volume of the pressure storage tank is between approximately 1/8 and approximately 1/4 a volume of the chamber.

110. The apparatus as recited in claim 109, wherein the volume of the pressure storage tank is approximately 3/16 of the volume of the chamber.

111. An apparatus for generating waves, the apparatus comprising: a pressure storage tank; a chamber in fluid communication with the pressure storage tank; a valve coupled to control air flow from the pressure storage tank to the chamber; and a valve control configured to cause the valve to close at approximately the time when air reaches an end of the chamber.

112. An apparatus for generating waves, the apparatus comprising: a pressure storage tank; a chamber in fluid communication with the pressure storage tank; a valve coupled to control air flow from the pressure storage tank to the chamber: and a valve control configured to cause the valve to close before air reaches a water inlet/outlet of the chamber.

113. A method for generating a wave of a desired height, the method comprising : pressurizing an air tank; opening a valve so as to allow pressurized air to flow from a pressure storage tank to a chamber, the chamber containing water and the pressurized air urging the water from the chamber so as to form a wave; and wherein the chamber has a diameter approximately equal to the desired height of the wave and wherein the chamber has a length approximately 7 times the diameter.

114. A method for generating a wave, the method comprising: pressurizing air within a pressure storage tank; opening a valve so as to facilitate a flow of air from the pressure storage tank to a chamber, the chamber containing water; and closing the valve before air from the pressure storage tank reaches an open end of the chamber.

115. A method for generating a wave, the method comprising: pressurizing air within a pressure storage tank; opening a valve so as to facilitate a flow of air from the pressure storage tank to a chamber, the chamber containing water; and closing the valve approximately when air from the pressure storage tank reaches an open end of the chamber.

116. A method for generating a wave, the method comprising: pressurizing air within a pressure storage tank; and opening a valve in less than one second, so as to facilitate air flow from the pressure storage tank to the chamber, the pressurized air urging water within the chamber to flow out of the chamber so as to form a wave.

117. The method as recited in claim 116, wherein opening the valve in less than 1 second comprises opening the valve in less than 50 msec.

118. A method for generating a wave, the method comprising: pressurizing a pressure storage tank to approximately 100 psi with a gas; opening a valve so as to facilitate gas flow from the pressure storage tank to a chamber; and closing the valve so as to mitigate gas flow from the pressure storage tank to the chamber.

119. The method as recited in claim 118, wherein the gas comprises air.

120. The method as recited in claim 118, wherein the valve is opened in less than approximately 1 second.

121. The method as recited in claim 118, wherein the valve is opened in less than approximately 50 msec.

122. The method as recited in claim 118, wherein the valve is closed approximately when the gas released into the chamber through the valve reaches an open end of the chamber.

123. The method as recited in claim 118, wherein the valve is closed before the gas released into the chamber through the valve reaches an open end of the chamber.

124. A method for generating waves having a desired velocity, the method comprising: selecting a desired wave velocity; determining a pressure storage tank pressure corresponding to the desired wave velocity; pressurizing a pressure storage tank to the determined pressure storage tank pressure; opening a valve so as to allow pressurized air to flow from the from the pressure storage tank to at least one chamber, the chamber(s) containing water and the pressurized air urging the water from the chamber(s) so as to form a wave of approximately the desired velocity; and wherein the velocity of the wave is substantially proportional to the pressure with which the pressure storage tank is pressurized.

125. The method as recited in claim 124, wherein determining a pressure storage tank pressure comprises determining a pressure storage tank pressure base upon empirical data.

126. The method as recited in claim 124, wherein the pressure storage tank has a volume between approximately 1/8 and approximately twice a volume of a sum of volume(s) of the chamber(s).

127. The method as recited in claim 124, wherein the pressure storage tank has a volume which is approximately equal to twice a sum of volume(s) of the chamber(s).

128. The method as recited in claim 124, wherein the pressure storage tank is pressurized to between approximately 10 psi and approximately 150 psi.

129. The method as recited in claim 124, wherein the pressure storage tank is pressurized to between approximately 20 psi and approximately 100 psi.

130. The method as recited in claim 124, wherein the pressure storage tank is pressurized to approximately 20 psi.

131. An apparatus for generating waves having a desired velocity, the apparatus comprising: at least one chamber; a pressure storage tank having a volume between approximately 1/8 and twice a sum of volumes of the chamber(s); a valve for facilitating fluid communication between the pressure storage tank and the chamber(s); and wherein the size of the tank is at least partially determinative of a range of velocities of waves that are generated by the apparatus.

132. The apparatus as recited in claim 131, wherein the pressure storage tank is configured to store pressurized air at a range of pressures, the range of pressures having been determined empirically to facilitate generation of waves having a desired range of velocities.

133. The apparatus as recited in claim 131, wherein the pressure storage tank has a volume between approximately 1/8 and approximately twice a volume of a sum of a volume of the chamber(s).

134. The apparatus as recited in claim 131, wherein the pressure storage tank has a volume which is approximately equal to twice a volume of the chamber(s).

135. The apparatus as recited in claim 131, wherein the pressure storage tank is configured to be pressurized to between approximately 10 psi and approximately 150 psi.

136. The apparatus as recited in claim 131, wherein the pressure storage tank is configured to be pressurized to between approximately 20 psi and approximately 100 psi.

137. The apparatus as recited in claim 131, wherein the pressure storage tank is configured to be pressurized to approximately 20 psi.

138. A method for generating waves having a desired velocity, the method comprising : at least one chamber; a pressure storage tank configured to store a range of pressures, the range -of pressures having been determined empirically to facilitate generation of waves having a desired range of velocities; a valve for facilitating fluid communication between the pressure storage tank and the chamber(s); and wherein the pressure capacity of the pressure storage tank is at least partially determinative of a range of velocities of waves that are generated by the apparatus.

139. The apparatus as recited in claim 138, wherein the pressure storage tank is configured to be pressurized to between approximately 10 psi and approximately 150 psi.

140. The apparatus as recited in claim 138, wherein the pressure storage tank is configured to be pressurized to between approximately 20 psi and approximately 100 psi.

141. The apparatus as recited in claim 138, wherein the pressure storage tank is configured to be pressurized to approximately 20 psi.

142. The apparatus as recited in claim 138, wherein the pressure storage tank has a volume between approximately 1/8 and approximately twice a volume of a sum of volume(s) of the chamber(s).

143. The apparatus as recited in claim 138, wherein the pressure storage tank has a volume which is approximately equal to twice a sum of volume(s) of the chamber(s).

144. An apparatus for generating a set of waves, the apparatus comprising: at least one chamber; a pressure storage tank; a valve configured to facilitate fluid communication between the pressure storage tank and the chamber(s); and wherein the chamber(s) have a length which is sufficient to effect a formation of a plurality of waves when the valve is opened once.

145. The apparatus as recited in claim 144, wherein the chamber(s) have a length greater than approximately 50 times a diameter thereof.

146. A method for forming a set of waves, the method comprising: pressurizing a pressure storage tank with air; and opening a valve to facilitate a flow of air from pressure storage tank to at least one chamber, the chamber(s) containing water and being sufficiently long as to effect a formation of a plurality of waves when the valve is opened once.

147. The method as recited in claim 146, wherein the chamber(s) have a length greater than approximately 50 times a diameter thereof.

148. The method as recited in claim 146, wherein opening the valve comprises opening the valve long enough for approximately all of the water contained within the chamber(s) to be expelled therefrom.

149. The method as recited in claim 146, wherein opening the valve comprises opening the valve long enough to expel sufficient water to form a desired number of waves.

150. An apparatus for generating waves, the apparatus comprising: at least one chamber; a pressure storage tank; a valve for facilitating fluid communication between the pressure storage tank and the chamber(s); and wherein the pressure storage tank has a volume approximately equal to a sum of the volume(s) of the chambers) divided by the number of atmospheres to which the pressure storage tank is pressurized to effect generation of a wave.

151. A method for generating waves, the method comprising: pressurizing a pressure storage tank to a pressure approximately equal to ambient pressure multiplied by a ratio of a sum of volumes of chamber(s) to a volume of the pressure storage tank; and opening a valve so as to allow pressurized air to flow from the pressure storage tank to the chamber(s), the pressurized air urging water from the chamber(s) so as to form a wave.