WO1999008457A2 - Point-to-multipoint mobile radio transmission - Google Patents

Point-to-multipoint mobile radio transmission Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999008457A2
WO1999008457A2 PCT/FI1998/000511 FI9800511W WO9908457A2 WO 1999008457 A2 WO1999008457 A2 WO 1999008457A2 FI 9800511 W FI9800511 W FI 9800511W WO 9908457 A2 WO9908457 A2 WO 9908457A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
protocol
data
ptm
network
sndcp
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI1998/000511
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO1999008457A3 (en
Inventor
Arto Leppisaari
Jari HÄMÄLÄINEN
Original Assignee
Nokia Mobile Phones Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nokia Mobile Phones Limited filed Critical Nokia Mobile Phones Limited
Priority to DE69817188T priority Critical patent/DE69817188T2/en
Priority to AT98925675T priority patent/ATE247366T1/en
Priority to AU77698/98A priority patent/AU731568B2/en
Priority to EP98925675A priority patent/EP1004211B1/en
Priority to JP2000506780A priority patent/JP2001513609A/en
Publication of WO1999008457A2 publication Critical patent/WO1999008457A2/en
Publication of WO1999008457A3 publication Critical patent/WO1999008457A3/en
Priority to HK01101363A priority patent/HK1030510A1/en
Priority to US12/428,013 priority patent/US8688094B2/en
Priority to US13/420,325 priority patent/US20120170500A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/40—Connection management for selective distribution or broadcast
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/40—Network security protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/30—Resource management for broadcast services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/16—Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/18—Multiprotocol handlers, e.g. single devices capable of handling multiple protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/11—Allocation or use of connection identifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/15—Setup of multiple wireless link connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/02—Processing of mobility data, e.g. registration information at HLR [Home Location Register] or VLR [Visitor Location Register]; Transfer of mobility data, e.g. between HLR, VLR or external networks
    • H04W8/08—Mobility data transfer
    • H04W8/085—Mobility data transfer involving hierarchical organized mobility servers, e.g. hierarchical mobile IP [HMIP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W80/00—Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
    • H04W80/04—Network layer protocols, e.g. mobile IP [Internet Protocol]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
    • H04W92/02—Inter-networking arrangements

Abstract

A method of operating a mobile communication system supporting data transmission between a mobile station (MS) and a network in a number of different packet data protocols (PDPs) including a point-to-multipoint-multicast (PTM-M) protocol. PDP data is formatted and unformatted by a subnetwork dependent convergence protocol (SNDCP) according to the PDP of data. The PDP is identified to the SNDCP by a procotol identifier transmitted between the network and the mobile station. In order to allow a MS to receive a PTM-M in an IDLE state, a unique protocol identifier is permanently assigned to PTM-M transmissions whilst other identifiers are dynamically assigned to other PDPs by the network.

Description

Point-to-multipoint mobile radio transmission
The present invention relates to point-to-multipoint radio transmission and is applicable in particular, though not necessarily, to the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) radio protocol proposed for mobile radio communications.
Current digital cellular telephone systems such as GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) were designed with an emphasis on voice communications. Data is normally transmitted between a mobile station (MS) and a base station subsystem (BSS) over the air interface using the so called circuit switched transmission mode where a physical channel, i.e. a series of regularly spaced time slots on one or more frequencies, is reserved for the duration of the call. For voice communications, where the stream of information to be transmitted is relatively continuous, the circuit switched transmission mode is reasonably efficient. However, during data calls, e.g, internet access, the data stream is 'bursty' and the long term reservation of a physical channel in the circuit switched mode represents an uneconomic use of the air interface.
Given that the demand for data services with digital cellular telephone systems is increasing rapidly, a new GSM based service known as the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is currently being standardised by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) and is defined in overall terms in GSM 03.60. GPRS provides for the dynamic allocation of physical channels for data transmission. That is to say that a physical channel is allocated to a particular MS to BSS link only when there is data to be transmitted. The unnecessary reservation of physical channels when there is no data to be transmitted is avoided.
GPRS is intended to operate in conjunction with conventional GSM circuit switched transmission to efficiently use the air interface for both data and voice communications. GPRS will therefore use the basic channel structure defined for GSM. In GSM, a given frequency band is divided in the time domain into a succession of frames, known as TDMA (Time Division Multiplexed Access) frames. The length of TDMA frame is 4.615ms. Each TDMA frame is in turn divided into eight consecutive slots of equal duration. In the conventional circuit switched transmission mode, when a call is initiated, a physical channel is defined for that call by reserving a given time slot (1 to 8) in each of a succession of TDMA frames. A series of four consecutive time slots on a physical channel is known as a radio block and represents the shortest transmission unit for packet switched data on a physical channel. Physical channels are similarly defined for conveying signalling information. With the introduction of GPRS, physical channels will be dynamically assigned for either switched circuit transmission mode or for packet switched transmission mode. When the network requirement for switched circuit transmission mode is high, a large number of physical channels may be reserved for that mode. On the other hand, when demand for GPRS transmission is high, a large number of physical channels may be reserved for that mode. In addition, a high speed packet switched transmission channel may be provided by assigning two or more slots in each of a succession of TDMA frames to a single MS.
The GPRS radio interface for GSM Phase 2+ (GSM 04.65) can be modelled as a hierarchy of logical layers with specific functions as shown in Figure 1 , where the mobile station (MS) and the network have identical layers which communicate via the MS/network interface Urn. Each layer formats data received from the neighbouring layer, with received data passing from the bottom to the top layer and data for transmission passing from the top to the bottom layer.
At the top layer are a number of packet data protocols (PDPs). Certain of these PDPs are point-to-point protocols (PTPs) adapted for sending packet data from one MS to another MS, or from one MS to a fixed terminal. Examples of PTP protocols are IP (internet access protocol) and X.25. The PDPs all use a common subnetwork dependent convergence protocol (SNDCP) which, as its name suggests, translates (or 'converges') the different PDPs into a common form (composed of SNDCP units) suitable for further processing in a transparent way. This architecture means that new PDPs may be developed in the future which can be readily incorporated into the existing GPRS architecture.
The SNDCP defines multiplexing and segmentation of user data, data compression, TCP/IP header compression, as well as transmission according to the requested quality of service. SNDCP units are about 1600 octets and comprise an address field which contains a network service access point identifier (NSAPI) which is used to identify the endpoint connection, e.g. IP, X.25. Each MS may be assigned a set of NSAPIs independently of the other MSs.
Also on the top layer are other GPRS end point protocols such as SMS and signalling (L3M). Each SNDCP (or other GPRS end point protocol) unit is carried by one logical link control (LLC) frame over the radio interface. The LLC frames are formulated in the LLC layer (GSM 04.64) and include a header frame with numbering and temporary addressing fields, a variable length information field, and a frame check sequence. More particularly, the addressing fields include a service access point identifier (SAPI) which is used to identify a specific connection endpoint (and its relative priority and Quality of Service (QoS)) on the network side and the user side of the LLC interface. One connection endpoint is the SNDCP. Other endpoints include the short message service (SMS) and management layer (L3M). The LLC layer provides a convergence protocol for these different endpoint protocols. SAPIs are allocated permanently and are common to all MSs.
The Radio Link Control (RLC) layer defines amongst other things the procedures for segmenting and re-assembling Logical Link Control layer PDUs (LLC-PDU) into RLC Data Blocks, and for retransmission of unsuccessfully delivered RLC blocks. The Medium Access Control (MAC) layer operates above the Phys. Link layer (see below) and defines the procedures that enable multiple MSs to share a common transmission medium. The MAC function arbitrates between multiple MSs attempting to transmit simultaneously and provides collision avoidance, detection and recovery procedures.
The physical link layer (Phys. Link) provides a physical channel between the MS and the network). The physical RF layer (Phys. RF) specifies amongst other things the carrier frequencies and GSM radio channel structures, modulation of the GSM channels, and transmitter/receiver characteristics.
For GPRS transmission, three different mobility management states are defined: IDLE, STANDBY, and READY. An IDLE state MS is not GPRS 'attached' and so the network is not aware of this MS. However, the MS is listening to broadcast control messages, for example, to determine network cell selection. A STANDBY state MS is GPRS attached and it's location (routing area) is tracked by the network. However, there is no data being transmitted. A MS is in a READY state when it is transmitting data and for a short while after. A READY state MS is therefore also tracked by the network. As currently proposed, there are 16 unique NSAPI codes available for identifying PDPs. The NSAPI codes are assigned dynamically by the network so that a MS must be in either the STANDBY state or the READY state to be aware of the allocated codes. As currently proposed, an IDLE state MS cannot receive transmissions in any PDP. For PDPs such as IP and X.25 this does not present a problem as the MS will always be in either the STANDBY or READY state when such transmissions are taking place.
In addition to PTPs, it is likely that future releases of GSM will specify other PDPs and in particular point-to-multipoint (PTM) transfer where data is transmitted to a group of MSs (PTM-G, point-to-multipoint-groupcall) or to all mobiles in an area (PTM-M, point- to-multipoint-multicast). The uses of such PDPs include operator announcements, advertisements, and specific information transfer such as football results, news etc. PTP-G is similar to PTP in so far as a MS must be in either the STANDBY or READY state to receive a transmission. However, a hitherto unrecognised problem arises with PTM-M due to the need (defined in GSM 03.60) for a MS to receive PTM-M transmissions in all states including the IDLE state. As no PDP contexts are active when a MS is in the IDLE state, and the allocation of NSAPI codes by the network is dynamic, an IDLE MS cannot allocate the correct NSAPI code to a PTM-M and therefore cannot receive a PTM-M.
Whilst the above discussion of GPRS has been concerned with GSM, it is noted that GPRS has a much wider applicability. For example, by changing only the low level radio protocol, GPRS may be adapted to the proposed third generation standard UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System)
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the problem noted above. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to enable a mobile station to receive a PTM-M even when the MS is in an IDLE state. According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of operating a mobile communication system supporting radio data transmission between a mobile station (MS) and a network in a number of different packet data protocols (PDPs) including a point-to-multipoint-multicast (PTM-M) protocol, where the protocol is identified by a protocol identifier transmitted between the network and the mobile station, the method comprising permanently allocating a unique protocol identifier to PTM-M transmissions and dynamically allocating other identifiers to other packet data protocols.
Preferably, data is formatted for transmission according to a subnetwork dependent convergence protocol (SNDCP). The SNDCP formats data, in one of a plurality of different packet data protocols (PDP), for transmission via the system and vice versa for received data. The SNDCP processes data in SNDCP units, each of which contains a network service access point identifier (NSAPI) which identifies the PDP in use, to the SNDCP. The NSAPI may provide said protocol identifier. Typically the NSAPI has a value of 0 to 15 and it is one of these values which is permanently assigned to PTM-M.
Data for transmission and reception may be formatted by a logical link control (LLC) layer below an SNDCP layer. LLC formatting includes the use of a service access point identifier (SAPI) to identify the service access point on the network side and on the user side of the LLC layer. The SAPI may provide said protocol identifier.
The present invention is applicable in particular to GPRS as specified for GSM networks. However, it may also be applied to other systems such as GPRS for UMTS.
According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided apparatus for implementing the method of the above first aspect of the present invention.
According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided a mobile communication device arranged to support the method of the above first aspect of the present invention, the device comprising a memory in which is stored the permanently allocated PTM-M protocol identifier, and signal processing means for determining when a transmission from the network contains said PTM-M protocol identifier and for consequently receiving and processing said transmission.
Embodiments of the above third aspect of the present invention include mobile cellular telephones and combined mobile telephone/personal digital assistant devices.
For a better understanding of the present invention and in order to show how the same may be carried into effect reference will now be made, by way of example, to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 illustrates the protocol layers of a GPRS radio link of the network of Figure 1 ;
Figure 2 shows schematically the architecture of a GSM/GPRS digital cellular telephone network;
Figure 3 illustrates in more detail the upper layers of the protocol of Figure 1 ; and
Figure 4 illustrates a modification to the architecture shown in Figure 3.
There is illustrated in Figure 2 the basic 'architecture' of a GSM cellular network which supports GPRS. The terminology used in Figure 2 is defined, by convention, in the list given below. Other terms used in this description are also defined.
The general architecture of the GPRS protocol layers has already been described above with reference to Figure 1. The present invention is primarily concerned with the upper layers of this architecture and as such the RLC, LLC, and layer 3 entities are shown separately in Figure 2. The layer 3 entities shown are signalling, SMS, and the packet data protocols IP and X.25 (both PTPs), PTM-G, and PTM-M.
The LLC layer formats data into LLC frames each of which contains a data link connection identifier (DLCI) which in turn contains a SAPI (with a value of from 0 to 15). As already explained above, the SAPI identifies the service access point on the network side and the user side of the LLC layer. SAPIs have a predefined value, known to the network and the listening MSs (typically the SAPIs are prestored in a memory of the MS), so that the LLC layer can 'route' received transmissions appropriately even in the IDLE state. Consider for example the case where a transmission is received by a MS. The LLC layer selects the appropriate service access point, i.e. signalling, SMS, or SNDCP, in dependence upon the SAPI.
In the case that the SAPI identifies the SNDCP, the data is then processed in accordance with the SNDCP. Each SNDCP data unit contains in turn an NSAPI which identifies the particular PDP being used, i.e. IP, X.25, PTM-G, or PTM-M. NSAPIs can have a value from 0 to 15, represented by a four bit binary code. Unlike the SAPIs which are permanently allocated, the NSAPIs for IP, X.25, and PTM-G (and possibly up to 11 other PDPs) are allocated dynamically by the network. MSs are notified of the dynamic allocation by signalling messages. However, these are only received by MSs which are in either the STANDBY or READY state.
One NSAPI is permanently assigned to the PTM-M PDP and this is known to the MS and to the network. As with the SAPIs, the PTM-M NSAPI is prestored in a memory of the MS. In the event that a MS is the IDLE state, and a received SNDCP unit is routed to the SNDCP from the LLC layer, the NSAPI of the unit is read to determine if it corresponds to the PTM-M NSAPI. If so, then the SNDCP processes the unit accordingly and the PTM-M PDP is applied. If the NSAPI does not correspond to PTM- M NSAPI, then no further processing is carried out because the PDP used cannot be identified.
Figure 4 illustrates a modification to the protocol architecture show in Figure 3. This relies upon PTM-M transmissions not being routed through the SNDCP layer. Rather, these transmissions are routed to the PTM-M layer directly from the LLC layer. In this case, a PTM-M transmission can be identified by permanently allocating a SAPI to PTM-M transmissions. BSC Base Station Controller
BSS Base Station Subsystem
BTS Base Transceiver Station
GGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node
GPRS General Packet Radio Service
GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
HLR Home Location Register
IP Internet Protocol
L3M Layer 3 Management
LLC Logical Link Control
MAC Medium Access Control
MS Mobile Station
MSC Mobile Switching Centre
NSAPI Network Service Access Point Identifier
PC/PDA Personal Computer/Personal Data Assistant
PDP Packet Data Protocol
PDU Packet Data Unit
PSTN Public-Switched Telephone Network
PTM-G Point-To-Multipoint Group
PTM-M Point-To-Multipoint Multicast
PTP Point-To-Point
RLC Radio Link Control
SAPI Service Access Point Identifier
SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node
SMS Short Message Service
SNDCP Subnetwork Dependent Convergence Protocol
SS7 Signalling System number 7
TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
TDMA Time Division Multiplexed Access
Urn Mobile Station to Network interface
UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications Service
X.25 network layer protocol specification

Claims

Claims
1. A method of operating a mobile communication system supporting radio data transmission between a mobile station (MS) and a network in a number of different packet data protocols (PDPs) including a point-to-multipoint-multicast (PTM-M) protocol, where the protocol is identified by a protocol identifier transmitted between the network and the mobile station, the method comprising permanently allocating a unique protocol identifier to PTM-M transmissions and dynamically allocating other identifiers to other protocols.
2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the method forms part of the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS).
3. A method according to claim 2, wherein data is formatted for transmission according to a subnetwork dependent convergence protocol (SNDCP) which formats data in one of a plurality of different packet data protocols (PDP) for transmission via the system and vice versa for received data, the SNDCP processing data in SNDCP units, each of which contains a network service access point identifier (NSAPI) which identifies the PDP in use to the SNDCP and the NSAPIs providing said protocol identifiers.
4. A method according to claim 2, wherein data for transmission and reception is formatted by a logical link control (LLC) layer below an SNDCP layer, LLC formatting including the use of a service access point identifier (SAPI) to identify the service access point on the network side and on the user side of the LLC layer and the SAPIs providing said protocol identifiers.
5. Apparatus arranged to carry out the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. A mobile communication device arranged to support the method of any one of claim 1 to 4, the device comprising a memory in which is stored the permanently allocated PTM-M protocol identifier, and signal processing means for determining when a transmission from the network contains said PTM-M protocol identifier and for consequently receiving and processing said transmission.
PCT/FI1998/000511 1997-08-12 1998-06-12 Point-to-multipoint mobile radio transmission WO1999008457A2 (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE69817188T DE69817188T2 (en) 1997-08-12 1998-06-12 POINT-TO-MULTI-POINT MOBILE RADIO TRANSMISSIONS
AT98925675T ATE247366T1 (en) 1997-08-12 1998-06-12 POINT-TO-MULTIPOINT CELLULAR TRANSMISSIONS
AU77698/98A AU731568B2 (en) 1997-08-12 1998-06-12 Point-to-multipoint mobile radio transmission
EP98925675A EP1004211B1 (en) 1997-08-12 1998-06-12 Point-to-multipoint mobile radio transmission
JP2000506780A JP2001513609A (en) 1997-08-12 1998-06-12 Point-to-multipoint mobile radio transmission
HK01101363A HK1030510A1 (en) 1997-08-12 2001-02-23 Point-to-multipoint mobile radio transmission.
US12/428,013 US8688094B2 (en) 1997-08-12 2009-04-22 Point-to-multipoint mobile radio transmission
US13/420,325 US20120170500A1 (en) 1997-08-12 2012-03-14 Point-to-multipoint mobile radio transmission

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI973303 1997-08-12
FI973303A FI105874B (en) 1997-08-12 1997-08-12 Multiple mobile broadcasting

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999008457A2 true WO1999008457A2 (en) 1999-02-18
WO1999008457A3 WO1999008457A3 (en) 1999-04-29

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI1998/000511 WO1999008457A2 (en) 1997-08-12 1998-06-12 Point-to-multipoint mobile radio transmission

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (4) US6717925B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1004211B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2001513609A (en)
CN (1) CN1135002C (en)
AT (1) ATE247366T1 (en)
AU (1) AU731568B2 (en)
DE (1) DE69817188T2 (en)
FI (1) FI105874B (en)
HK (1) HK1030510A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2199834C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1999008457A2 (en)

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