WO1994022108A1 - Reconstruction rapide d'une image comprimee de donnees d'images comprimees par transformation par cosinus discret (dct) - Google Patents

Reconstruction rapide d'une image comprimee de donnees d'images comprimees par transformation par cosinus discret (dct) Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994022108A1
WO1994022108A1 PCT/US1994/002914 US9402914W WO9422108A1 WO 1994022108 A1 WO1994022108 A1 WO 1994022108A1 US 9402914 W US9402914 W US 9402914W WO 9422108 A1 WO9422108 A1 WO 9422108A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
values
coefficients
quantized
compressed image
dct
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1994/002914
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English (en)
Inventor
Rafael Retter
Isaac Shenberg
Original Assignee
Zoran Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zoran Corporation filed Critical Zoran Corporation
Publication of WO1994022108A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994022108A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/18—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being a set of transform coefficients
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/132—Sampling, masking or truncation of coding units, e.g. adaptive resampling, frame skipping, frame interpolation or high-frequency transform coefficient masking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/30—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using hierarchical techniques, e.g. scalability
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/60—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to image compression, and more particularly the invention relates to discrete cosine transform (DCT) -based compression and coding of images and image reconstruction therefrom.
  • DCT discrete cosine transform
  • Image compression is used in reducing large volumes of data in digitized images for convenient and economical storage and for transmission across communication networks having limited band width.
  • Image compression technology is important in digital still video cameras, color scanners, color printers, color fax machines, computers, and multimedia.
  • JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group
  • DCT-based processes operating on discrete blocks of the image.
  • the DCT coefficients are then quantized based on the measurements of the threshold for visibility.
  • an 8x8 pixel array of DCT coefficients is reorganized into a one- dimensional list using a zigzag sequence which tends to concentrate coefficients expressing the lowest spatial frequencies at lower indices with the DC component being number 0 in the zigzag.
  • the higher frequency components contain the fine details of the image and are generally less sensitive to human vision, they can be quantized more coarsely than the low frequency components and may be discarded with negligible effect on image quality.
  • the quantized AC coefficients are then encoded using a Huffman coder.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates the JPEG compression algorithm
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the zigzag order of coefficient sequence.
  • the compressed data can then be stored (as in an electronic still camera) or transmitted efficiently over a limited band width communication network.
  • Reconstruction of the image requires a reverse process in which the headers and markers are extracted, the Huffman code is decoded, coefficients are dequantized, and an inverse DCT (IDCT) operation is performed on the coefficients.
  • IDCT inverse DCT
  • Image reconstruction out of a baseline JPEG- compatible file is a function of the number of pixels in the image and can be time consuming. Progressive construction of the image can be effected through spectral selection, successive approximation, and hierarchical coding.
  • baseline JPEG coded data the user must decode all image data for image reconstruction. This process can be time consuming, especially if the user wants to quickly browse various images when seeking a specific image.
  • a method for accelerating the decoding process and reconstructing partial images to facilitate a quick survey of images based on baseline JPEG coded data.
  • the process eliminates zero-quantized high-frequency coefficients and can use only DC coefficients which are dequantized to obtain unsigned numbers.
  • the unsigned numbers are then used to generate an image which is equal to the original image size decimated by 8 in two dimensions (i.e., - - size) and which is built out of the biased DC values of each block.
  • the invention can be implemented in a JPEG decoder which first Huffman decodes the compressed image data stream.
  • the quantized DC coefficient is generated out of the differential DC value with the quantized DC value then dequantized and biased to generate an unsigned value which is used for displaying the image.
  • the remainder of the block which contains AC values is not used and need not be dequantized.
  • the unsigned bias DC values are produced each time a block of data completes the de-Huffman process without requiring DCT.
  • Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram illustrating a compression/decompression algorithm.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the zigzag order of coefficient sequence in an 8x8 array of DCT coefficients.
  • Fig. 3 is a flow diagram illustrating the imaging process based on dequantized DC coefficient using a JPEG decoder in accordance with the invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of the compression/decompression implemented with a JPEG coder/decoder such as the ZR36040 product of Zoran Corporation, assignee, and Fig. 2 illustrates the zigzag sequence of an 8x8 array of quantized DCT coefficients used for "coding."
  • the DC coefficient is coefficient 0 and the higher frequency coefficients are the higher numbers. Because the higher frequency components contain the fine details of the image and are generally less sensitive to human vision, they can be quantized more forcefully than the lower frequency components and may be discarded with negligible effect on image quality. In coding, the coarser quantization of high frequency coefficients results in long strings of zeros in the coded image data.
  • thumbnail or reduced size images are generated based on the DC values of the DCT coded image data.
  • the compressed DCT coded data must first be decoded with a Huffman decoder, where the non-zero quantized coefficients are generated out of the Huffman coded data. This step is proportional in processing time to the number of non-zero quantized coefficients.
  • the quantized DC value is then generated out of the differential DC values and is dequantized and biased to generate the DCT coefficient ' which is used for the thumbnail image. This step takes one clock period since only one coefficient (DC coefficient) is going through the stage.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow diagram illustrating the imaging process based on dequantized DC coefficients with a JPEG decoder in accordance with the invention.
  • the relative time it takes to decode the image and generate the thumbnail image is the number of non-zero quantized coefficients divided by the image size.
  • the extreme case is a compressed file which contains only DC values with all the AC values being zero.
  • EOB end of block
  • the invention has been implemented using the Zoran 36040 JPEG Image Coder/Decoder in which the compressed bit-stream is first Huffman decoded and then the quantized DC coefficients are generated out of the differential DC value.
  • the quantized DC value is then dequantized and biased to generate an unsigned value, which is then used for displaying the image.
  • the rest of the block of data containing the AC values is skipped and there is no need to dequantize all of the AC values and execute the inverse DCT operation.
  • the unsigned biased DC values are output every time a block completes its de-Huffman process, which facilitates the imaging of data for quick scanning.
  • the process of generating the thumbnail is therefore part of the regular decoding process, requiring no special logic. The later part of the process is skipped.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)
  • Compression Of Band Width Or Redundancy In Fax (AREA)

Abstract

On construit des images comprimées à partir d'un signal d'image comprimée sur la base d'une norme JPEG au moyen des valeurs DC différentielles uniquement, tout en supprimant des valeurs AC non zéro. L'image obtenue présente une dimension réduite suffisante pour la plupart des opérations de balayage. On utilise les valeurs DC différentielles pour obtenir des valeurs DC quantifiées qui sont déquantifiées et polarisées, de façon à obtenir des nombres non signés.
PCT/US1994/002914 1993-03-23 1994-03-17 Reconstruction rapide d'une image comprimee de donnees d'images comprimees par transformation par cosinus discret (dct) WO1994022108A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US3599493A 1993-03-23 1993-03-23
US08/035,994 1993-03-23

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WO1994022108A1 true WO1994022108A1 (fr) 1994-09-29

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Cited By (19)

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EP0796013A2 (fr) * 1996-03-14 1997-09-17 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Appareil de traitement du signal et méthode correspondante
EP0810794A2 (fr) * 1996-05-30 1997-12-03 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation Schéma d'édition de vidéo utilisant des icÔnes directement obtenus par données codées vidéo
US5699458A (en) * 1995-06-29 1997-12-16 Intel Corporation Efficient browsing of encoded images
EP0873008A2 (fr) * 1997-04-16 1998-10-21 Seiko Epson Corporation Sélection d'image à haute vitesse et appareil photo numérique avec sélection d'image à haute vitesse
WO1999016250A1 (fr) * 1997-09-23 1999-04-01 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Algorithme de codage d'image fixe integre et utilisant une transformee de cosinus discrete
US6058417A (en) * 1998-10-23 2000-05-02 Ebay Inc. Information presentation and management in an online trading environment
EP1087397A2 (fr) * 1995-07-14 2001-03-28 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Appareil pour le traitement des images
WO2002041638A2 (fr) * 2000-11-16 2002-05-23 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Systeme video mpeg2 evolutif
US6804405B2 (en) 1998-10-09 2004-10-12 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Method and a system for coding rois
AU2002304037B2 (en) * 1997-01-09 2005-09-15 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha A Method and Apparatus for Compressing and Scaling Thumbnails
EP1667457A1 (fr) * 2003-09-16 2006-06-07 Fujitsu Limited Dispositif et procede d'affichage de traitement d'images
EP1788796A1 (fr) * 2004-08-30 2007-05-23 Fujitsu Limited Dispositif de restauration d'image, procede de restauration d'image et programme de restauration d'image
US7836091B2 (en) 2003-12-19 2010-11-16 Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. Systems and methods for providing access to an embedded thumbnail image
US8005305B2 (en) 2003-06-16 2011-08-23 Oce-Technologies B.V. Method and apparatus for generating a halftoned image from a compressed image
US8335983B2 (en) 2000-06-07 2012-12-18 Ebay, Inc. Dynamic selection of images for web pages
US9076239B2 (en) 2009-04-30 2015-07-07 Stmicroelectronics S.R.L. Method and systems for thumbnail generation, and corresponding computer program product
WO2019143387A1 (fr) * 2018-01-19 2019-07-25 Google Llc Décodage à deux passages d'images de base de référence
CN111567041A (zh) * 2018-07-13 2020-08-21 瑞典爱立信有限公司 视频编码器和/或视频解码器中的变换选择
US20230070744A1 (en) * 2011-10-14 2023-03-09 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. Region-based image decompression

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US5235434A (en) * 1991-06-27 1993-08-10 Polaroid Corporation Method and apparatus for selectively adjusting the brightness of large regions of an image

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Cited By (51)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5699458A (en) * 1995-06-29 1997-12-16 Intel Corporation Efficient browsing of encoded images
EP1087397B1 (fr) * 1995-07-14 2005-11-30 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Appareil pour le traitement des images
EP0753852B1 (fr) * 1995-07-14 2001-10-17 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Appareil pour le traitement des images
EP1087397A2 (fr) * 1995-07-14 2001-03-28 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Appareil pour le traitement des images
EP0796013A3 (fr) * 1996-03-14 1998-11-04 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Appareil de traitement du signal et méthode correspondante
EP0796013A2 (fr) * 1996-03-14 1997-09-17 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Appareil de traitement du signal et méthode correspondante
US5990976A (en) * 1996-03-14 1999-11-23 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Video image processing apparatus and the method of the same
US6192183B1 (en) 1996-05-30 2001-02-20 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation Video editing scheme using icons directly obtained from coded video data
EP0810794A2 (fr) * 1996-05-30 1997-12-03 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation Schéma d'édition de vidéo utilisant des icÔnes directement obtenus par données codées vidéo
EP0810794A3 (fr) * 1996-05-30 1999-09-22 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation Schéma d'édition de vidéo utilisant des icÔnes directement obtenus par données codées vidéo
AU2002304037B2 (en) * 1997-01-09 2005-09-15 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha A Method and Apparatus for Compressing and Scaling Thumbnails
US8237840B2 (en) 1997-04-16 2012-08-07 Seiko Epson Corporation High speed image selecting method and digital camera having high speed image selecting function
EP1381220A3 (fr) * 1997-04-16 2004-07-07 Seiko Epson Corporation Sélection d'image à haute vitesse et appareil photo numérique avec sélection d'image à haute vitesse
US6445412B1 (en) 1997-04-16 2002-09-03 Seiko Epson Corporation Highspeed image selecting method and digital camera having highspeed image selecting function
EP0873008A2 (fr) * 1997-04-16 1998-10-21 Seiko Epson Corporation Sélection d'image à haute vitesse et appareil photo numérique avec sélection d'image à haute vitesse
EP0873008A3 (fr) * 1997-04-16 2000-05-24 Seiko Epson Corporation Sélection d'image à haute vitesse et appareil photo numérique avec sélection d'image à haute vitesse
US8339496B2 (en) 1997-04-16 2012-12-25 Seiko Epson Corporation Highspeed image selecting method and digital camera having highspeed image selecting function
US8917344B2 (en) 1997-04-16 2014-12-23 Seiko Epson Corporation Highspeed image selecting method digital camera having highspeed image selecting function
US8350947B2 (en) 1997-04-16 2013-01-08 Seiko Epson Corporation High speed image selecting method digital camera having high speed image selecting function
WO1999016250A1 (fr) * 1997-09-23 1999-04-01 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Algorithme de codage d'image fixe integre et utilisant une transformee de cosinus discrete
US6804405B2 (en) 1998-10-09 2004-10-12 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Method and a system for coding rois
US6415320B1 (en) 1998-10-23 2002-07-02 Ebay Inc. Information presentation and management in an online trading environment
US6732161B1 (en) 1998-10-23 2004-05-04 Ebay, Inc. Information presentation and management in an online trading environment
EP1131724A1 (fr) * 1998-10-23 2001-09-12 Ebay, Inc. Gestion et presentation d'informations dans un environnement commercial en ligne
EP1131724A4 (fr) * 1998-10-23 2002-01-30 Ebay Inc Gestion et presentation d'informations dans un environnement commercial en ligne
US6058417A (en) * 1998-10-23 2000-05-02 Ebay Inc. Information presentation and management in an online trading environment
US9477773B2 (en) 2000-06-07 2016-10-25 Ebay Inc. Automated selection of images for web pages
US8335983B2 (en) 2000-06-07 2012-12-18 Ebay, Inc. Dynamic selection of images for web pages
US9116868B2 (en) 2000-06-07 2015-08-25 Ebay, Inc. Automated selection of images for web pages
WO2002041638A2 (fr) * 2000-11-16 2002-05-23 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Systeme video mpeg2 evolutif
US6580759B1 (en) 2000-11-16 2003-06-17 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Scalable MPEG-2 video system
WO2002041638A3 (fr) * 2000-11-16 2002-10-10 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Systeme video mpeg2 evolutif
US8005305B2 (en) 2003-06-16 2011-08-23 Oce-Technologies B.V. Method and apparatus for generating a halftoned image from a compressed image
EP1667457A4 (fr) * 2003-09-16 2011-11-16 Fujitsu Semiconductor Ltd Dispositif et procede d'affichage de traitement d'images
EP1667457A1 (fr) * 2003-09-16 2006-06-07 Fujitsu Limited Dispositif et procede d'affichage de traitement d'images
US7836091B2 (en) 2003-12-19 2010-11-16 Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. Systems and methods for providing access to an embedded thumbnail image
EP1788796A4 (fr) * 2004-08-30 2010-03-24 Fujitsu Microelectronics Ltd Dispositif de restauration d'image, procede de restauration d'image et programme de restauration d'image
EP1788796A1 (fr) * 2004-08-30 2007-05-23 Fujitsu Limited Dispositif de restauration d'image, procede de restauration d'image et programme de restauration d'image
US9652818B2 (en) 2009-04-30 2017-05-16 Stmicroelectronics S.R.L. Method and systems for thumbnail generation, and corresponding computer program product
US9076239B2 (en) 2009-04-30 2015-07-07 Stmicroelectronics S.R.L. Method and systems for thumbnail generation, and corresponding computer program product
US9105111B2 (en) 2009-04-30 2015-08-11 Stmicroelectronics S.R.L. Method and systems for thumbnail generation, and corresponding computer program product
US20230070744A1 (en) * 2011-10-14 2023-03-09 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. Region-based image decompression
CN111492656A (zh) * 2018-01-19 2020-08-04 谷歌有限责任公司 基线图像的两阶段解码
US11341686B2 (en) 2018-01-19 2022-05-24 Google Llc Two-pass decoding of images
CN111492656B (zh) * 2018-01-19 2022-07-05 谷歌有限责任公司 用于图像的两阶段解码的方法、设备和介质
WO2019143387A1 (fr) * 2018-01-19 2019-07-25 Google Llc Décodage à deux passages d'images de base de référence
CN111567041A (zh) * 2018-07-13 2020-08-21 瑞典爱立信有限公司 视频编码器和/或视频解码器中的变换选择
US11218716B2 (en) 2018-07-13 2022-01-04 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Transform selection in a video encoder and/or video decoder
CN111567041B (zh) * 2018-07-13 2022-04-29 瑞典爱立信有限公司 视频编码器和/或视频解码器中的变换选择
US11882302B2 (en) 2018-07-13 2024-01-23 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Transform selection in a video encoder and/or video decoder
US11627329B2 (en) 2018-07-13 2023-04-11 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Transform selection in a video encoder and/or video decoder

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