WO1991007729A3 - Improvements in methods and apparatus for signature verification - Google Patents

Improvements in methods and apparatus for signature verification Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991007729A3
WO1991007729A3 PCT/GB1990/001725 GB9001725W WO9107729A3 WO 1991007729 A3 WO1991007729 A3 WO 1991007729A3 GB 9001725 W GB9001725 W GB 9001725W WO 9107729 A3 WO9107729 A3 WO 9107729A3
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vertical
authentic
pen tip
signature
velocities
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1990/001725
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO1991007729A2 (en
Inventor
David Nicholas Lloyd Howell
Colin Sefton Hilton
John Scott Bridle
Roger Kenneth Moore
Martin James Russell
Original Assignee
Secr Defence
David Nicholas Lloyd Howell
Colin Sefton Hilton
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Secr Defence, David Nicholas Lloyd Howell, Colin Sefton Hilton filed Critical Secr Defence
Publication of WO1991007729A2 publication Critical patent/WO1991007729A2/en
Publication of WO1991007729A3 publication Critical patent/WO1991007729A3/en

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/30—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/32—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check
    • G07C9/35—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check by means of a handwritten signature
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F18/00—Pattern recognition
    • G06F18/20—Analysing
    • G06F18/29—Graphical models, e.g. Bayesian networks
    • G06F18/295—Markov models or related models, e.g. semi-Markov models; Markov random fields; Networks embedding Markov models

Abstract

A signature to be verified is written on an area (13) which carries horizontal and vertical lines using a pen (10). As the lines are crossed signals representative of the vertical and horizontal components of the pen tip velocity and whether the tip is in contact with the area are passed to a computer (11). A hidden Markov model derived from vertical and horizontal velocities and a ''contact'' signal occurring as a number of authentic signatures are written is stored by the computer. A forward pass of the forward-backward algorithm is used to calculate the probability that the vertical and horizontal components of the pen tip and the contacts between pen tip and the area (13) could have been produced from the hidden Markov model. This probability is used to decide whether the signature is authentic. The hidden Markov model stored by the computer is derived from an initial model based on pen tip velocities and contacts occurring in an authentic signature, and re-estimation carried out using forward and backward passes of the forward-backward algorithm and velocities and contacts from further authentic signatures.
PCT/GB1990/001725 1989-11-10 1990-11-09 Improvements in methods and apparatus for signature verification WO1991007729A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8925479.1 1989-11-10
GB898925479A GB8925479D0 (en) 1989-11-10 1989-11-10 Improvements in methods and apparatus for signature verification

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991007729A2 WO1991007729A2 (en) 1991-05-30
WO1991007729A3 true WO1991007729A3 (en) 1991-10-31

Family

ID=10666112

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1990/001725 WO1991007729A2 (en) 1989-11-10 1990-11-09 Improvements in methods and apparatus for signature verification

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (2) GB8925479D0 (en)
WO (1) WO1991007729A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5544257A (en) * 1992-01-08 1996-08-06 International Business Machines Corporation Continuous parameter hidden Markov model approach to automatic handwriting recognition
DE69922082T2 (en) * 1998-05-11 2005-12-15 Citicorp Development Center, Inc., Los Angeles System and method for biometric authentication of a user with a smart card
GB0123547D0 (en) 2001-10-01 2001-11-21 Marconi Software Solutions Ltd A system for identifying a user
GB2430095B (en) 2005-09-08 2010-05-19 Hewlett Packard Development Co Image data processing method and apparatus
GB2431269A (en) * 2005-10-13 2007-04-18 Hewlett Packard Development Co Detector for generating a model representing a form of markings for a pattern

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3818443A (en) * 1972-04-28 1974-06-18 Burroughs Corp Signature verification by zero-crossing characterization
GB2183071A (en) * 1985-11-05 1987-05-28 Nat Res Dev Apparatus for capturing information in drawing or writing

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3818443A (en) * 1972-04-28 1974-06-18 Burroughs Corp Signature verification by zero-crossing characterization
GB2183071A (en) * 1985-11-05 1987-05-28 Nat Res Dev Apparatus for capturing information in drawing or writing

Non-Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Electronics International, vol. 56, no. 15, 28 July 1983, (New York, US), R.T. Gallagher: "Signature verifier exploits writing speed", pages 86,90 *
EURO IFIP 79, Proceedings of the European Conference on Applied Information Technology of the International Federation for Information Processing, 25-28 September 1979, London, GB, North-Holland Publishing Company, (Amsterdam, NL) D. Ibrahim et al.: "Improved security through on-line signature recognition", pages 491-498 *
IBM Technical Disclosure, vol. 20, no. 8, January 1978, IBM Corp., (New York, US) M. Hanen et al.: "Finite state machine decision procedure model for signature verification", pages 3355-3360 *
ICASSP 86 - Proceedings of the IEEE-IECEJ-ASJ International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 7-11 April 1986, Tokyo, vol. 3 of 4, IEEE, (US), R. Nag et al.: "Script recognition using hidden markov models", pages 2071-2074 *
Proceedings of the second International Joint Conference on Pattern Recognition, 13-15 August 1974, Copenhagen DK, IEEE, (Washington, US), T. Sakai et al.: "Multi-feature display of on-line signature by color TV display", pages 303,304 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9024411D0 (en) 1991-01-02
WO1991007729A2 (en) 1991-05-30
GB8925479D0 (en) 1989-12-28
GB2237917A (en) 1991-05-15

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