WO1984000799A1 - Motor vehicle lamp comprised of light diodes or light diode chips - Google Patents

Motor vehicle lamp comprised of light diodes or light diode chips Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1984000799A1
WO1984000799A1 PCT/DE1983/000127 DE8300127W WO8400799A1 WO 1984000799 A1 WO1984000799 A1 WO 1984000799A1 DE 8300127 W DE8300127 W DE 8300127W WO 8400799 A1 WO8400799 A1 WO 8400799A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
motor vehicle
emitting diode
series
emitting diodes
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1983/000127
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Digel
Wolfgang Krieg
Tilman Spingler
Original Assignee
Bosch Gmbh Robert
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bosch Gmbh Robert filed Critical Bosch Gmbh Robert
Publication of WO1984000799A1 publication Critical patent/WO1984000799A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F13/00—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising
    • G09F13/20—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising with luminescent surfaces or parts
    • G09F13/22—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising with luminescent surfaces or parts electroluminescent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/10—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source
    • F21S43/13—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S43/14—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/40—Details of LED load circuits
    • H05B45/44—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix
    • H05B45/46—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix having LEDs disposed in parallel lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/40—Details of LED load circuits
    • H05B45/44—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix
    • H05B45/48—Details of LED load circuits with an active control inside an LED matrix having LEDs organised in strings and incorporating parallel shunting devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
    • H05B45/52—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits in a parallel array of LEDs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
    • H05B45/54—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits in a series array of LEDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F13/00—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising
    • G09F13/20—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising with luminescent surfaces or parts
    • G09F13/22—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising with luminescent surfaces or parts electroluminescent
    • G09F2013/222—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising with luminescent surfaces or parts electroluminescent with LEDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F13/00—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising
    • G09F13/20—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising with luminescent surfaces or parts
    • G09F13/22—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising with luminescent surfaces or parts electroluminescent
    • G09F2013/227—Electroluminescent displays for vehicles

Definitions

  • Motor vehicle lamp made of light-emitting diodes or light-emitting diode chips
  • the invention relates to a motor vehicle lamp according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a motor vehicle safety lighting wherein a reflective printed circuit board equipped with luminescent diodes is used, which is provided with a printed or a conventional electrical circuit for connecting the luminescent diodes.
  • the circuit board contains the lighting and the electrical circuit at the same time. Numbers, letters and the like can be represented by a specific arrangement of the luminescent diodes on the printed circuit board.
  • a semiconductor light source is known, which is made up of several individual radiation diodes connected in series and arranged on a common carrier.
  • the diodes are surrounded by a radiation-permeable body with a space adapted to the optical use, which can be colored, for example, and provided with a curved surface.
  • LED lines are known for example from DE-OS 28 37 596 or DE-OS 28 37 635. In these arrangements, the LED rows are used for display purposes. They consist of light-emitting diode chips arranged on a circuit board, to which light scattering elements are assigned in order to achieve certain optical effects.
  • the motor vehicle lamp according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main request has the gate part that a specified light distribution and brightness can be achieved by a matrix-like arrangement of the lamp elements in a smooth and reliable manner.
  • Advantageous further developments and improvements of the motor vehicle lamp specified in the main claim are possible through the measures listed in the subclaims.
  • Particularly proven from the point of view of operational safety has been ancrdnung in which in order to maintain a substantially uniform light distribution in the event of failure of light sources connected in series, the light-emitting diodes or light-emitting diode chips connected in series are assigned geometrically different rows and lines of the luminaire matrix.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment with a matrix of light-emitting diodes
  • FIG. 2 shows a circuit example for a light source arrangement similar to FIG. 1, the various electrical light sources connected in series being assigned to different rows and lines, FIG Light sources.
  • FIG. 1 a matrix-like arrangement of light-emitting diodes or light-emitting diode chips is connected between the two poles of a DC voltage source via a limiting resistor 10.
  • all light sources are shown as light-emitting diodes 11, but the individual light sources can also be sheet-like structures made from chips with a large number of diode elements or from sheet-like light sources with a fluorescent slide.
  • a voltage of Apply 1.6 to 2 volts the luminous current should be limited to 20 to 40 mA.
  • the number of light-emitting diodes 11 to be connected in series thus results from the level of the applied DC voltage; with a DC supply voltage of 12 volts, there are six light-emitting diodes 11 which can be connected in series.
  • the size of the limiting resistor 10 results from the permissible current load of the light-emitting diodes and the supply voltage applied.
  • six lines 1 to 6, each with six light-emitting diodes 11, are connected in parallel to illuminate a square area.
  • the light sources are marked on a schematically shown circuit board 12.
  • the design of the motor vehicle lamp according to FIG. 1 forms an operationally reliable, maintenance-free light source with which the surface of the circuit board 12 is illuminated uniformly.
  • the necessary voltage is available for all individual LEDs or for the individual Leuechtdioienchips 11, the total area to be illuminated is defined by the number of lines connected in parallel.
  • the use of light-emitting diode chips offers the advantage of a greater luminous efficacy per unit area and lower costs when generating a predetermined brightness.
  • Applications for the designated motor vehicle lamp are particularly available in the field of automotive signal lights, for example in the case of turn signals, brake lights, auxiliary brake lights, warning lights for certain driving conditions such as reverse travel or sharp braking and the like.
  • the light emitting diodes or the light emitting diode chips are commercially available in the legally prescribed color tones and can be used as required. When switched off, they have a color matching the cover, which corresponds, for example, to the appearance of motor vehicle headlight lenses with colorless plastic encapsulation.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further development of the arrangement according to FIG. 1, a special arrangement being made to maintain an essentially uniform light distribution in the event of failure of one of the lines 1 to 6.
  • the light-emitting diodes or light-emitting diode chips 11, which are connected in series are provided with the circuit-like line designations 1 to 6.
  • the lighting elements 1 designated 1 are connected in series in terms of circuitry, as are the remaining light sources 2 to 6.
  • the light-emitting diodes or light-emitting diode chips 11 connected in series are assigned geometrically different rows (vertical) and ropes (horizontal) to the light matrix. The same order is observed within each of the lines, starting offset in a different row, with one row being skipped in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2.
  • the arrangement according to FIG. 2 has the advantage over the arrangement according to FIG. 1 that if a series connection of light sources fails, not an entire line but only individual light elements - evenly distributed over the entire luminous area - fail. On the one hand, this maintains an almost uniform brightness over the entire luminous area and, on the other hand, the optical image of the luminous area is not changed, which in special cases such as can illuminate geometrical arrangements such as arrows or the like.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further development of the invention, in which a bridging element 13 is arranged parallel to each light-emitting diode or to each light-emitting diode chip 11 is automatically activated when the diode path 11 is electrically interrupted.
  • bridging songs are generally known. They are semiconductor components with essentially the same voltage drop as a single light-emitting diode or a single light-emitting diode chip. If the bridging element 13 is activated when a diode path 11 is interrupted, the following operating conditions result for the following light-emitting diodes 11 as before the failure of a light-emitting diode in the series circuit 3, so that not the entire line but only a single light-emitting element fails.
  • the overall functional reliability of the arrangement is considerably increased and the time it takes for the entire luminaire to be removed can be considerably extended.
  • the bridging element 13 is designed as an integrated circuit 14 together with a light-emitting diode or a light-emitting diode chip 11, so that an inexpensive and reliable basic unit is available for opening the overall light.

Abstract

The motor vehicle lamp, particularly a signalling lamp, comprises light sources consisting of light diodes or light diode chips (11) arranged on or within a plate (12). The different light sources (11) are connected so as to form groups comprising, each of them, a certain number of series connected sources, adapted to the applied operating direct voltage. The total light surface is obtained by a matrix type parallel connection of a plurality of said groups. Owing to a statistical distribution of the series light sources, throughout the lighting surface, the initial light field is maintained also upon a failure of the whole group of series sources. By coupling shorting elements (13) in parallel to the different diodes or diode chips (11), it is further possible to avoid that the failure of a single diode (11) puts out of order the whole group of series connected sources.

Description

Kraftfahrzeugleuchte aus Leucbtdioden oder LeuchtdiodenchipsMotor vehicle lamp made of light-emitting diodes or light-emitting diode chips
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Kraftfahrzeugleuchte nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruches. Eine derartige Anordnung ist in der DE-OS 27 32 780 anhand einer Kraftfahrzeug Sicherheitsbeleuchtung beschrieben, wobei eine mit Lumineszenzdioden bestückte, reflektierende Leiterplatte verwendet ist, die mit einer gedruckten oder einer konventionellen elektrischen Schaltung versehen ist zum Anschluß der Lumineszenzdioden. Die Leiterplatte beinhaltet gleichzeitig die Beleuchtung und die elektrische Schaltung. Durch eine bestimmte Anordnung der Lumines zenzdioden auf der Leiterplatte können Zahlen, Buchstaben und dgl. dargestellt werden.The invention relates to a motor vehicle lamp according to the preamble of the main claim. Such an arrangement is described in DE-OS 27 32 780 on the basis of a motor vehicle safety lighting, wherein a reflective printed circuit board equipped with luminescent diodes is used, which is provided with a printed or a conventional electrical circuit for connecting the luminescent diodes. The circuit board contains the lighting and the electrical circuit at the same time. Numbers, letters and the like can be represented by a specific arrangement of the luminescent diodes on the printed circuit board.
Aus der DE-OS 22 14 199 ist eine Halbleiterlichtquelle bekannt, welche aus mehreren einzelnen, in Reihe geschalteten und auf einem gemeinsamen Träger angeordneten Strahlungsdioden aufgebaut ist. Die Dioden sind von einem strahlungsdurchlässigen Körper mit einer dem optischen Verwendungszweck angepassten Raum umgeben, welcher beispielsweise gefärbt und mit einer gekrümmten Oberfläche versehen sein kann. Leuchtdiodenzeilen sind beispielsweise aus der DE-OS 28 37 596 oder der DE-OS 28 37 635 bekannt. Bei diesen Anordnungen dienen die Leuchtdiodenzeilen Anzeigezweoken. Sie bestehen aus auf einer Platine angeordneten Leuchtdiodenschips, denen Lichtstreuelemente zugeordnet sind zur Erzielung bestimmter optischer Effekte.From DE-OS 22 14 199 a semiconductor light source is known, which is made up of several individual radiation diodes connected in series and arranged on a common carrier. The diodes are surrounded by a radiation-permeable body with a space adapted to the optical use, which can be colored, for example, and provided with a curved surface. LED lines are known for example from DE-OS 28 37 596 or DE-OS 28 37 635. In these arrangements, the LED rows are used for display purposes. They consist of light-emitting diode chips arranged on a circuit board, to which light scattering elements are assigned in order to achieve certain optical effects.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
Die erfindungsgemäße Kraftfahrzeugleuchte mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptansnruches hat demgegenüber den Torteil, deß eine zorgegebene Lichtverteilung und Helligkeit durch matrikertige Anordnung der Leuchtelermente auf einfeche und betriebssichere Wieise erreichbar ist . Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhefte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen der im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Kraftfahrzeugleuchte möglich. Besonders bewährt unter dem Gesichtspunkt der Betriebs sicherheit hat sich eine Ancrdnung, bei der zur Augrechterhaltung einer im wesentlichen gleichmaßigen Lichtverteilung beim Ausfall in Reihe geschalteter Lichtquellen die schaltungsmäßig in Reihe liegenden Leuchtdioden oder Leuchtdiodenchips geometrisch unterschiedlichen Reihen und Zeilen der Leuchtenmatrix zugeordnet sind. Hierdurch erreicht man, daß sich eine statistische Verteilung der ausgefallenen Leuchtdioden oder Leuchtdiodenchips gibt, welche auf der gesamten ausgeleuchten Fläche verteilt sind und somit die Funktionstüchtigkeit der Leuchte betragsmäßig zwar geringfügig, funktionell jedoch nicht beeinträchtigen. Weiterhin hat sich als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen für die Sichers teilung der Lauchtstärke der erfindungsgemäßen Kraftfahrzeugleuchte, wenn parallel zu den Leuchtdioden oder den Leuchtdiodenchips überbrückungsglieder angeordnet sind, welche bei elek trischer Unterbrechung der Diodenstrecke automatisch aktiviert werden zur Überbrückung der elektrischen Unter brechung. Auf diese Weise wird sichergestellt, daß beim Ausfall einer Leuchtdiode oder eines Leuchtdiodenchips die restlichen Lichtquellen der Reihenschaltung wirksam bleiben, so daß beim Auftritt einer Unterbrechung in eine Diode nicht die gesamte Reihenschaltung sondern nur die einzelne Diode ausfällt.The motor vehicle lamp according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main request, on the other hand, has the gate part that a specified light distribution and brightness can be achieved by a matrix-like arrangement of the lamp elements in a smooth and reliable manner. Advantageous further developments and improvements of the motor vehicle lamp specified in the main claim are possible through the measures listed in the subclaims. Particularly proven from the point of view of operational safety has been ancrdnung in which in order to maintain a substantially uniform light distribution in the event of failure of light sources connected in series, the light-emitting diodes or light-emitting diode chips connected in series are assigned geometrically different rows and lines of the luminaire matrix. This ensures that there is a statistical distribution of the failed light-emitting diodes or light-emitting diode chips, which are distributed over the entire illuminated area and thus, in terms of amount, functionally slightly, but do not impair the functionality of the light. Furthermore, it has proven to be particularly advantageous for the safe division of the luminous intensity of the motor vehicle lamp according to the invention if bridging elements are arranged parallel to the light-emitting diodes or the light-emitting diode chips, which are used in elec tric interruption of the diode path are automatically activated to bridge the electrical interruption. In this way it is ensured that the remaining light sources of the series circuit remain effective in the event of the failure of a light-emitting diode or a light-emitting diode chip, so that when an interruption occurs in a diode, not the entire series circuit but only the individual diode fails.
Zeichnungdrawing
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnungdargestellt und in der folgenden Beschreibung näher er läutert. Es zeigen Figur 1 ein erstes Ausführungsbei spiel mit einer Matrix aus Leuchtdioden, Figur 2 ein Schaltungsbeispiel für eine Lichzquellenanordnung ähnlich Figur 1, wobei die verschiedenen elektrischen in Reihe geschalteten Lichtquellen unterschiedlichen Reihen und Zeilen zugeorniet sind, Figur 3 eine Lichtquellenma trix mit Uberorückungsgliedern parallel zu den Lichtquellen.Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawing and he explains in more detail in the following description. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment with a matrix of light-emitting diodes, FIG. 2 shows a circuit example for a light source arrangement similar to FIG. 1, the various electrical light sources connected in series being assigned to different rows and lines, FIG Light sources.
Beschreibung der AusführungbeispieleDescription of the execution examples
In Figur 1 ist zwischen die beiden Pole einer Gleichspannungsquelle über einen Begrenzungswiderstand 10 eine matrixartige Anordnung aus Leuchtdioden oder Leuchtdiodenchips geschaltet. Zur Vereinfachung der Darstellung sind alle Lichtquellen als Leuchtdioden 11 dargestellt, jedoch kann es sich bei den einzelnen Lichtquellen auch um flächenförmige Gebilde handeln aus Chips mit einer V-ielzahl von Diodeneiementen oder aus flächenhaften Lichtquellen mit einer Leuchtstoffschiebt. Bei Verwendung von Leuchtdioden soll an der einzelnen Diode eine Spannung von 1 , 6 b i s 2 Volt anli egen , der Leuchts trom soll auf 20 b i s 40 mA begrenzt sein. Aus der Höhe der angelegten Gleichspannung ergibt sich somit die Anzahl der in Reihe zu schaltenden Leuchtdioden 11; bei einer Versorgungs-Gleich spannung von 12 volt sind dies sechs Leuchtdioden 11, die in Reihe geschalten werden können.Die Gröbe des Begrenzungswiderstandes 10 ergibt sich aus der zulässigen Strombelastung der Leuchtdioden und der angelegten Versorgungsspannung. Beim Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 1 sind sechs zeilen 1bis 6 mit jeweils sechs Leuchtdioden 11 einander parallelgeschaltet zur Ausleuchtung einer quadratischen Flache. DieLichtquellen sind auf einer schematisch dangestellten Platine 12 angecrdnet. Die Gestaltung der Kraftfahrzeugleuchtegemäß Figur 1 bildet eine betriebssichere, wartungsfreieLichtquelle, mit der die Fläche der Platine 12 gleichmäßigausgeleuchtet wird. Fur alle einzelnen Leuchtdicden oder fur die einzelnen Leuechtdioienchips 11 steht die notverdige Betriebsspannung zur Verfügung, die insgesamt auszuleuchtende Fläche wird durch die Anzahl der parallel geschalteten Zeilen definiert. Die Verwendung von Leuchtdiodenchips bietet gegenüb er diskreten Leuchtdioden den Vorteil einer größeren Lichtausbeute pro Flächeneinheit und geringerer Kosten bei der Erzeugung einer vorgegebenen Helligkeit. Anwendungen für die bezeichnete Kraftfahrzeugleuchte bieten sich insbesondere auf dem Gebiet der Kraftfahrseugsignalleuchten, beispielsweise bei Blinkleuchten, Bremsleuchten, Zusatzbremsleuchten, Warnleuchten für bestimmte Fahr zustände wie Rückwärtsfahrt oder scharfes Bremsen und ähnliches. Die Leuchtdioden oder die Leuchtdiodenchips sind im Handel in den gesetzlich vorgeschriebenen Farbtönungen erhältlich und können je nach Bedarf eingesetzt werden. Im ausgeschalteten Zustand besitzen sie eine der Abdeckung entsprechende Farbtönung, die beispielsweise bei farblosem Kunststoffverguß dem Aussehen von Kfz-Scheinwerfer-Streuscheiben entspricht.In FIG. 1, a matrix-like arrangement of light-emitting diodes or light-emitting diode chips is connected between the two poles of a DC voltage source via a limiting resistor 10. To simplify the illustration, all light sources are shown as light-emitting diodes 11, but the individual light sources can also be sheet-like structures made from chips with a large number of diode elements or from sheet-like light sources with a fluorescent slide. When using light-emitting diodes, a voltage of Apply 1.6 to 2 volts, the luminous current should be limited to 20 to 40 mA. The number of light-emitting diodes 11 to be connected in series thus results from the level of the applied DC voltage; with a DC supply voltage of 12 volts, there are six light-emitting diodes 11 which can be connected in series. The size of the limiting resistor 10 results from the permissible current load of the light-emitting diodes and the supply voltage applied. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, six lines 1 to 6, each with six light-emitting diodes 11, are connected in parallel to illuminate a square area. The light sources are marked on a schematically shown circuit board 12. The design of the motor vehicle lamp according to FIG. 1 forms an operationally reliable, maintenance-free light source with which the surface of the circuit board 12 is illuminated uniformly. The necessary voltage is available for all individual LEDs or for the individual Leuechtdioienchips 11, the total area to be illuminated is defined by the number of lines connected in parallel. In contrast to discrete light-emitting diodes, the use of light-emitting diode chips offers the advantage of a greater luminous efficacy per unit area and lower costs when generating a predetermined brightness. Applications for the designated motor vehicle lamp are particularly available in the field of automotive signal lights, for example in the case of turn signals, brake lights, auxiliary brake lights, warning lights for certain driving conditions such as reverse travel or sharp braking and the like. The light emitting diodes or the light emitting diode chips are commercially available in the legally prescribed color tones and can be used as required. When switched off, they have a color matching the cover, which corresponds, for example, to the appearance of motor vehicle headlight lenses with colorless plastic encapsulation.
Figur 2 zeigt eine Weiterbildung der Anordnung gemäß Figur 1, wobei zur Aufrechterhaltung einer im wesentlichen gleichmäßigen Lichtverteilung bei Ausfall einer der Zeilen 1 bis 6 eine spezielle Anordnung getroffen ist. Hierbei sind die schaltungsmäßig in Reihe liegenden Leuchtdioden oder Leuchtdiodenchips 11 mit der schaltungsmäßigen Zeilenbezeichnung 1 bis 6 versehen. Dies bedeutet, daß die mit 1 bezeichneten Leucht elenente 11 schaltungsmäßig in Reihe liegen, ebenso die restlichen Lichtqueilen 2 bis 6. Die in Reihe geschalteten Leuchtdioden oder Leuchtdiodenchip s 11 sind geometrisch unterschiedlichen Reihen (senkrecht) und Eeilen ( waagerecht) der Leuchtenmatrix zugeordnet. Innerhalb jeder der Zeilen ist die gleiche Reihenfolge eingehalten, beginnend jeweils versetzt in einer anderen Reihe, wobei im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figure 2 jeweils eine Reihe übersprungen worden ist.FIG. 2 shows a further development of the arrangement according to FIG. 1, a special arrangement being made to maintain an essentially uniform light distribution in the event of failure of one of the lines 1 to 6. Here, the light-emitting diodes or light-emitting diode chips 11, which are connected in series, are provided with the circuit-like line designations 1 to 6. This means that the lighting elements 1 designated 1 are connected in series in terms of circuitry, as are the remaining light sources 2 to 6. The light-emitting diodes or light-emitting diode chips 11 connected in series are assigned geometrically different rows (vertical) and ropes (horizontal) to the light matrix. The same order is observed within each of the lines, starting offset in a different row, with one row being skipped in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2.
Die Anordnung gemäß Figur 2 hat gegenüber der Anordnung nach Figur 1 den Vorteil, daß beim Ausfall einer Reihenschaltung von Lichtquellen nicht eine ganze Zeile sondern nur einzelne Lichtelemente - gleichmäßig verteilt über die ganze Leuchtfläche - ausfallen. Hierdurch bleibt einerseits eine annähernd gleichmäßige Helligkeit über die gesamte Leuchtfläche erhalten und andererseits wird das optische Bild der Leuchtfläche nicht verändert, was in besonderen Fällen wie z.B. beim Ausleuchten geometrischer Anordnungen wie Pfeilen oder dgl. störend wirken kann.The arrangement according to FIG. 2 has the advantage over the arrangement according to FIG. 1 that if a series connection of light sources fails, not an entire line but only individual light elements - evenly distributed over the entire luminous area - fail. On the one hand, this maintains an almost uniform brightness over the entire luminous area and, on the other hand, the optical image of the luminous area is not changed, which in special cases such as can illuminate geometrical arrangements such as arrows or the like.
Figur 3 zeigt eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung, bei der parallel zu jeder Leuchtdiode oder zu jedem Leuchtdiodenchip 11 ein Überbrückungsglied 13 angeordnet ist, welches bei elektrischer Unterbrechung der Diodenstrecke 11 auto matisch aktiviert wird. Derartige Überbrückungslieder sinc grundsätzlich bekannt . Es sind Halbleiterbauelemente mit im wesentlichen gleichem Spannungsabfall wie eine einzelne Leuchtdiode oder ein eincelner Leuchtdiodenchlp . Wenn das Uberbruckungsglied 13 bei Unterbrechung einer Diodenstrecke 11 aktiviert ist ergibt sich also für die folgenden Leuchtdioden 11 der gleiche Betriebszustand wie vor dem Defekt einer Leuchtdiode der Reihenschaltung 3 so daß nicht die gesamte Zeile sondern nur ein einzelnes Leucht-element ausfällt. Hierdurch wird die Funktionssicherheit derAnordnung insgesamt beachtlich gesteigert und der Zeitraum bis zum Austaushen der Gesamtleuchte kann wesentlich ver-längert werden. Weiterhin ergibt sich in ferti gstech- nischer Hinsicht die Xöglichkeit, daβ das Überbrückungsglied 13 zusammen mit einer Leuchtdiode oder einem Leuchtdiodenchip 11 als integrierte Schaltung 14ausgeführt wird, so daβ eine preiswerte und betriebssichere Grundeinheit zum Aufoau der Gesamtleuchte zur Verfügung steht. Für dieFIG. 3 shows a further development of the invention, in which a bridging element 13 is arranged parallel to each light-emitting diode or to each light-emitting diode chip 11 is automatically activated when the diode path 11 is electrically interrupted. Such bridging songs are generally known. They are semiconductor components with essentially the same voltage drop as a single light-emitting diode or a single light-emitting diode chip. If the bridging element 13 is activated when a diode path 11 is interrupted, the following operating conditions result for the following light-emitting diodes 11 as before the failure of a light-emitting diode in the series circuit 3, so that not the entire line but only a single light-emitting element fails. As a result, the overall functional reliability of the arrangement is considerably increased and the time it takes for the entire luminaire to be removed can be considerably extended. Furthermore, in terms of manufacturing technology, there is the possibility that the bridging element 13 is designed as an integrated circuit 14 together with a light-emitting diode or a light-emitting diode chip 11, so that an inexpensive and reliable basic unit is available for opening the overall light. For the
Gestaltung der integrierten Schaltung 14 können herkömmliche Technologien verwendet werden.Design of the integrated circuit 14, conventional technologies can be used.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Gestaltung von Kraftfahrzeugleuchten können unter Verwendung neuer Technologie der Gebrauchswert und die Gebrauchsdauer der Leuchten beachtlich gesteigert werden. Ein Totalausfall einer Leuchte ist praktisch ausgeschlossen. In konstruktiver Hinsicht ergeben sich wesentliche Vereinfachungen und somit Preisvorteile beim Aufbau der Leuchte, da das Gehäuse vereinfacht werden kann und Teile wie Reflektor, Lampenhalter und dgl . völlig entrallen. Die mechanische Festigkeit ist höher als bei herkömmlichen Sraftfahrzeugleuchten, Kontaktierungsprobleme entfallen ebenfalls. Eine besonders hohe mechanische Festigkeit ergibt sich dann, wenn die Gesamtheit der Leucht dioden oder Leuchtdiodenchip 11 zusammen mit der Platine 12 mit Kunststoff vergossen werden, wobei durch den Kunststoffverguß zusätzliche optische Wirkungen erzielt werden können, z.B. durch eine linsenartige Oberfläche. Through the design of motor vehicle lights according to the invention, the use value and the service life of the lights can be increased considerably using new technology. A total failure of a lamp is practically impossible. In terms of design, there are significant simplifications and thus price advantages in the construction of the lamp, since the housing can be simplified and parts such as reflector, lamp holder and the like. completely unlocked. The mechanical strength is higher than with conventional motor vehicle lights, contacting problems are also eliminated. A particularly high mechanical strength is obtained when all of the lights Diodes or light-emitting diode chip 11 are cast together with the circuit board 12 with plastic, whereby additional optical effects can be achieved by the plastic casting, for example through a lens-like surface.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1 . Kraftfahrzeungleuchte, insbesondere Krnftfahrz
Figure imgf000010_0001
signalleuchte, mit Leuchtdioden oder Leuchtdioden
Figure imgf000010_0002
als Lichtquellen, welche auf oder in einer Platine An georrdnet sind, dadurch gekennteiennet, eintelnen
Figure imgf000010_0003
Leuchtdioden oder Leuchtdiodenchips
Figure imgf000010_0004
über wenigstens einen Begrenzungswiderstand (10), ineiner der angelegten Gleichspannung angepaβten Annzahl in Reihe geschaltet sind und daß die gesamte Leuchtenfläche und die geforderte Lichtstärke durch Parallelschaltung mehrerer Reihen von Leuchtdioden oder Leuchtdiodenchips ( 11 ) nach Art einer Matrix gebildet ist.1 . Motor vehicle light, especially motor vehicle
Figure imgf000010_0001
signal light, with light-emitting diodes or light-emitting diodes
Figure imgf000010_0002
as light sources, which are arranged on or in a circuit board, thereby known, isolate
Figure imgf000010_0003
LEDs or LED chips
Figure imgf000010_0004
Via at least one limiting resistor (10), in a number adapted to the applied DC voltage, are connected in series and that the entire luminaire surface and the required luminous intensity are formed by connecting several rows of light-emitting diodes or light-emitting diode chips (11) in parallel in the manner of a matrix.
2. Kraftfahrzeugleuchten nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Aufr echterhaltung einer im wesentlichen gleichmäßigen Lichtverteilung bei Ausfall einer Zeile (1 bis 6) schaltungsmäßig in Reihe liegende Leuchtdioden oder Leuchtdiodenchips { 11 ) geometrisch unterschiedlichen Reihen und Zeilen der Leuchtenmatrix zugeordnet sind. 2. Motor vehicle lights according to claim 1, characterized in that geometrically different rows and lines of the lamp matrix are assigned in order to maintain a substantially uniform light distribution in the event of a line (1 to 6) failure in terms of circuitry in series of light-emitting diodes or light-emitting diode chips (11).
3. Kraftfahrzeùgleuchte nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die schaltungsmäßig in Reihe liegenden Leuchtdioden oder Leuchtdiodenchips ( 11 ) in den verschiedenen Zeilen (1 bis 6 ) um eine gleicbe Stellenzahl versetit in gleichbleibender Folge angeordnet sind (Figur 2).3. Motor vehicle light according to claim 2, characterized in that the circuit-wise arranged in series light-emitting diodes or light-emitting diode chips (11) in the different rows (1 to 6) are arranged offset by a same number of digits in a constant sequence (Figure 2).
4 . Kraftfahrzeugleuchte nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß parallel zu jeder Leuchtdiode oder zu jedem Leuchtdiodenchip (11) ein Überbrückungsglied (13) angeordnet ist, welches bei elektrischer Unterbrechung der Liodenstrecke (11) automatisch aktiviert wird zur Überbrückung der elektrischen Unterbrechung. 4th Motor vehicle light according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a bridging element (13) is arranged parallel to each light-emitting diode or to each light-emitting diode chip (11) and is automatically activated in the event of an electrical interruption of the diode path (11) in order to bypass the electrical interruption.
5. Kraftfahrzeugleuchte nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekenn zeichnet, daß das Uberbrückungsglied (13) ein Halbleiterbauelement mit im wesentlichen gleichen Spannungsabfallwie die Leuchtdiode oder der Leuchtdiodenchip (11) ist5. Motor vehicle light according to claim 4, characterized in that the bridging element (13) is a semiconductor component with essentially the same voltage drop as the light-emitting diode or the light-emitting diode chip (11)
6. Kraftfahrzeugleuchte nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Uberbrückungsglied (13) zusammen mit der Leuchtdiode oder dem Leuchtdiodenchip ( 11 ) als integrierte Schaltung (14) ausgeführt ist.6. Motor vehicle lamp according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the bridging element (13) together with the light-emitting diode or the light-emitting diode chip (11) is designed as an integrated circuit (14).
7. Kraftfahrzeugleuchte nach einem der vorhergebenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leuchtdioden oder die Leuchtdiodenchips (11) auf einer gemeinsamen Platine (12) angeordnet und mit Kunstoff vergossen sind. 7. Motor vehicle lamp according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light-emitting diodes or the light-emitting diode chips (11) are arranged on a common circuit board (12) and are potted with plastic.
PCT/DE1983/000127 1982-08-20 1983-07-20 Motor vehicle lamp comprised of light diodes or light diode chips WO1984000799A1 (en)

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DE3230975A DE3230975A1 (en) 1982-08-20 1982-08-20 MOTOR VEHICLE LAMP MADE OF LIGHT-EMITTING DIODES OR LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE CHIPS

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US7439549B2 (en) 2000-10-16 2008-10-21 Osram Gmbh LED module
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GB2470802A (en) * 2007-11-16 2010-12-08 Uriel Meyer Wittenberg LED cooling arrangement
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