US860927A - Wall construction. - Google Patents

Description

OSCAR F. MANN, OF INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

WALL CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 23, 1907.

Application filed August 16, 1908. Serial No. 830.834.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OSCAR F. MANN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Indianapolis,-,in the county of Marion and State of Indians, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wall Construction, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in the construction of walls of brick and other building material in which small sections or blocks are piled upon each other and are united by means of mortar, and the object of the invention is to simplify and cheapen the cost of this kind of construction; to dispense with skilled labor and to provide a construction which will insure that all of the mortar joints are well filled.

I accomplish the objects of the invention by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which-- Figure 1, is a perspective view and vertical section of a wall under construction in accordance with my invention, and Fig. 2 is a detail in front elevation of a portion of a brick wall embodying my improvements, the same representing the bricks laid in position before the addition of the mortar.

Like characters of reference indicate like parts in the I two views of the drawing.

3 represents a finished wall made in accordance with my invention, upon which are several courses of brick laid in position with open spaces between the bricks into which mortar is being forced by pressure.

The loose brick 4 are laid between temporary retaining walls 5, 5, which walls are suspended from superimposed transverse bars 6. The walls 5 are secured to the bars 6 by means of the bolts 8 and the lower portions of the walls are kept from spreading by means of the diagonal braces 9. The form thus constituted has been made the subject matter of a separate application for patent filed July 12, 1906, Serial 325,849. This form will be elevated into a new position extending above the newly finished portion of the wall as fast as the wall is completed.

The building blocks out of which the wall is formed, here being shown as formed of bricks, are laid in the positions which they are to occupy in the finished wall, and they are separated from: each other the distances represented at 10 to form spaces for the introduction of mortar which will form a bond to unite the individual bricks into a solid wall. These mortar spaces may be produced by placing objects of the requisite thickness between the bricks as they are laid in courses upon each other, and the ends of the bricks will be separated from each other by like means. In practice I have found that the broken pieces of encaustictiles such as are in common use for surfacing floors, facing fireplaces and the like, and which have been regarded as waste material heretofore, are well suited for introduction between the bricks to space them. Something of this kind will be required wh crebricks of usual construction are used but much time will be saved in the construction of a wall by using a specially formed brick having suitable lugs or projections'integral with the brick to space them. Bricks of this construction are shown in'the drawing in which the spacing lugs are shown at 14.

Fig. 1 illustrates the construction of a nine inch brick wall. It is customary in brick laying to lay up a certain number of courses, generally, seven courses, with the bricks placed with their greatest dimensions longitudinally of the wall, and upon these seven courses will be placed a tie course 15 in which the longest dimension of the brick will be transversely of the wall.

My invention contemplates the laying of the seven courses of bricks in their proper position with empty mortar joints between them, and the placing of a thick layer of mortar 16 upon the top of the top course- I of bricks.

The mortar 16 is then forced down between the two vertical rows of bricks and into all of the mortar joints between the bricks as illustrated in Fig. 1. The pressure is applied by placing a board 17 on top of the mortar 16, said board making a close fit between the walls 5 of the form. Bars 18 are laid transversely across the top of the form and are secured by suitable means here shown as by the end clamps 19. These bars have screw threaded vertical openingsthrough which the screws 20 are passed. The lower ends of the screws bear upon the board 17 and by means of the screws the board 17 can be lowered so as to force the In order to keep the mortar from spreading over the. I

outer faces of the bricks and thereby marring the -finished appearance of the wall I prefer to'introduce a packing material 22 between the wall 5 and the brick wall. This material will preferably be a woolen blanket or other partially elastic material which will yield slightly opposite the mortar joints to give the desired finished effect to the joints but will prevent the spreading of the mortar upon the bricks. This is the important feature of my invention and as many different substances can be used I'do not desire to limit myself to the use of a woolen blanket-as here described.

It is obvious also that the mortar may be pressed down by other means than by the use of screws, and it is also possible to force the mortar into the spaces between the bricks at other places than from above the rows to be filled and I therefore do not desire to limit my invention to any of the means here shown, but

What I claim as new and wish to secure by Letters Patent of the United States isall 'of the empty mortar spaces at the outer all so as to prevent the escape of mortar and then -for.cin1,- ;m ortar into saidmortar spaces.

2. ,The' process of erecting a brick wall which consists in laying building blocks in several courses in a plurality ot adlacenttiers or columns with intervening empty mortar spaces between thetiers'an'd between the individual blocks, then temporarily closing the mortar spaces at the outer sides of the wall so as to prevent the escape oi! mortar and then forcing mortar into said mortar spaces.

3. The process 0! erecting a brick wall which comprises the laying o'i' bricks in several courses with intervening mortar spaces without mortar,,then temporarily closing themortar spaces at the outer or front side of the wall,

intervening empty vert lcafmortar spaces between the tiers andbetween', the individual blocks communicating with said vertical spaces, thencloslng the mortar spaces at the outer-sides of the wall and then torcingmortar into the vertical spaces and thence lntoth'e spaces communicating therewith until all of the mortar spaces are full.

5. The process of erectings brick wall which comprises the laying of bricks in several courses in two or more tiers or columns wlth intervening mortar spaces without mortar, then temporarily closing the mortar spaces at the outer or front .side of the wall, then placing a packing material between'said closing means and the wall to seal at Indianapolis, Indiana, this, 29th; day of July, A. D.

one thousand nine hundred-and six.

OSCAR 1 MANN. [n. 5.]

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