US7305977B1 - System for controlling regeneration of lean NOx traps - Google Patents
System for controlling regeneration of lean NOx traps Download PDFInfo
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- US7305977B1 US7305977B1 US11/656,928 US65692807A US7305977B1 US 7305977 B1 US7305977 B1 US 7305977B1 US 65692807 A US65692807 A US 65692807A US 7305977 B1 US7305977 B1 US 7305977B1
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- fuel
- air
- airflow
- engine
- traj
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/0275—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a NOx trap or adsorbent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
- F02D41/0007—Controlling intake air for control of turbo-charged or super-charged engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
- F02D41/005—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] according to engine operating conditions
- F02D41/0052—Feedback control of engine parameters, e.g. for control of air/fuel ratio or intake air amount
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1477—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the regulation circuit or part of it,(e.g. comparator, PI regulator, output)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1477—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the regulation circuit or part of it,(e.g. comparator, PI regulator, output)
- F02D41/1481—Using a delaying circuit
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/18—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals by measuring intake air flow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
- F02D2041/141—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method using a feed-forward control element
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to internal combustion engines, and more particularly to a system for controlling the regeneration of a lean NO x trap.
- the engine controls the air-fuel mixture to achieve an ideal air-fuel mixture ratio (stoichiometric ratio).
- stoichiometric ratio At the optimum stoichiometric ratio, all of the fuel is burned using all of the oxygen in the air.
- the stoichiometric ratio is about 14.7:1. In other words, for each pound of gasoline, 14.7 pounds of air is burned.
- the air-fuel mixture varies from the optimum stoichiometric ratio during driving. Sometimes the air-fuel mixture is lean (an air-to-fuel mixture higher than 14.7) and other times the air-fuel mixture is rich (an air-to-fuel mixture lower than 14.7).
- Vehicle engines produce oxides of nitrogen (NOx) as a component of vehicle emissions.
- NOx oxides of nitrogen
- lean-burn gasoline and diesel engines tend to produce higher levels of NOx than conventional stoichiometric gasoline engines.
- LNTs Lean NOx traps
- LNTs require periodic intervals of rich exhaust gas to regenerate the stored NOx and convert it into harmless byproducts. This control of the air-fuel ratio in a diesel engine can cause torque disturbance during rich operation.
- a control system and method for controlling torque output of an engine include an air control module that receives an actual airflow and a desired airflow and outputs an adjusted actual airflow based on the actual airflow and the desired airflow.
- a fuel control module receives the adjusted actual airflow and controls fuel output based on the adjusted actual airflow, a ratio ( ⁇ ) of an operating air-fuel mixture to an ideal air-fuel mixture, and an operating curve ( ⁇ traj ).
- a reference module generates the ⁇ traj based on the ⁇ and a desired ⁇ ( ⁇ des ).
- the reference module generates the ⁇ traj by one of decaying the ⁇ to the ⁇ des and incrementing the ⁇ to the ⁇ des .
- the desired operation of the engine corresponds to the ideal air to fuel ratio exceeding 14.7 and the rich operation corresponds to the ideal air to fuel ratio below 14.7.
- the air control module includes an air feed forward module.
- the air feed forward module controls boost based on the desired mass airflow.
- the air control module includes an air feedback module.
- the air feedback module adjusts exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and throttle based on the desired airflow and the actual airflow.
- the fuel control module includes a fuel feed forward module that controls a feed forward fuel quantity supplied to the engine based on the adjusted actual airflow, the ⁇ traj , and an air to fuel ratio model.
- the fuel control module includes a delay module and a fuel feedback module.
- the delay module retains the ⁇ traj for an initial period of time.
- the fuel feedback module determines a delta fuel quantity based on the ⁇ and said ⁇ traj .
- the initial period of time compensates for a lapse in time between supplying the fuel feed forward to the engine and communicating with a ⁇ sensor.
- control system and method receive a mode input that corresponds to one of lean operation of the engine and rich operation of the engine.
- the lean operation corresponds to the ideal air to fuel ratio exceeding 14.7 and the rich operation corresponds to the ideal air to fuel ratio below 14.7.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an engine control system including a lambda sensor according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of a controller according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method of controlling regeneration of a NOx trap according to the present invention.
- module refers to an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an electronic circuit, a processor (shared, dedicated, or group) and memory that execute one or more software or firmware programs, a combinational logic circuit, and/or other suitable components that provide the described functionality.
- ASIC application specific integrated circuit
- processor shared, dedicated, or group
- memory that execute one or more software or firmware programs, a combinational logic circuit, and/or other suitable components that provide the described functionality.
- a controller 30 communicates with various components of the engine control system 10 including, but not limited to, a throttle position sensor 32 (TPS), a fuel system 34 , an injection system 36 , and the engine speed sensor 34 .
- the engine speed sensor 34 determines an engine speed in rotations per minute (RPM).
- the controller 30 receives a mass air flow (MAF) from the MAF sensor 40 and uses the information to determine air flow into the engine 14 .
- the air flow data is then used to calculate fuel delivery from the fuel system 34 to the engine 14 .
- the controller 30 further communicates with an ignition (not shown) or the injection system 36 to determine ignition spark or injection timing.
- the controller 30 may receive additional inputs from other components in the engine control system 10 , including an accelerator pedal 42 .
- a conduit 44 connects the exhaust manifold 46 to the intake manifold 48 .
- An EGR valve 12 that is positioned along the conduit 44 and meters EGR according to input from the controller 30 .
- a lambda ( ⁇ ) sensor 50 or exhaust gas oxygen sensor determines a ratio of the operating air-fuel mixture to the stoichiometric operating condition ( ⁇ ).
- the ⁇ sensor 50 communicates ⁇ values to the controller 30 .
- the controller 30 may communicate with the EGR valve 12 or a boost mechanism (not shown) in response to the data from the ⁇ sensor 50 .
- the controller 30 adjusts the EGR valve 12 and/or the boost mechanism to correct performance thereof.
- the controller 10 includes an air set point (ASP) module 106 that receives a MAF signal from the MAF sensor 40 and a mode signal.
- the mode signal indicates whether the engine 14 requires a switch from the current air-fuel (A/F) operation.
- the mode signal may include a required change from a lean A/F operation to a rich A/F operation. Conversely, the required change may be from a rich A/F operation to a lean A/F operation.
- the ASP module 106 determines a current mass airflow (m curr ) and a desired mass airflow (m des ).
- the m curr represents the airflow at the current A/F operation of the engine 14 prior to a mode switch, and m des represents the airflow corresponding to desired A/F.
- the m curr is based on the MAF.
- a regeneration control system 100 includes an air control module 102 that controls airflow delivered to the engine 14 and a fuel control module 104 that controls fuel delivered to the engine 14 .
- the air control module 102 includes an air feed forward (air FF) module 110 that outputs a boost signal based on the m des .
- the boost signal, an EGR valve signal, and a throttle signal command the air control plant (P air ) device 114 which produces the plant airflow (m final ).
- the P air device 114 is a combination of air actuators including, but not limited to, an EGR valve 12 , a throttle valve 19 , and a boost mechanism (not shown).
- the boost mechanism may include, but is not limited to, a variable geometry turbo and/or a fixed geometry turbo.
- the air control module 104 includes an air feedback loop that provides air closed loop control to the regeneration control system 100 .
- An air feedback (air FB) module 112 receives an error signal 113 and outputs the EGR signal and throttle signal to adjust the EGR valve 12 and throttle valve 19 , respectively, to compensate for the disparity between the m final and m des .
- a first comparator 108 compares the m final to the m des and outputs the difference, the error signal 113 , to the air FB module 112 .
- the air FB module 112 can be, but is not limited to, a proportional-integral-derivative controller (PID) controller.
- PID proportional-integral-derivative controller
- a lambda module 116 calculates and outputs a current lambda ( ⁇ curr ) value and a desired lambda ( ⁇ des ) value to a reference module 118 .
- ⁇ values represent a ratio of an operating A/F mixture to the stoichiometric operating condition described above.
- the ⁇ curr value is based on m curr and a current fuel quantity (Q curr ) being utilized by the engine 14 .
- the ⁇ des can be a predetermined value based on operating at rich or lean A/F conditions or can be determined based on the ⁇ curr .
- the reference module generates a lambda trajectory curve ( ⁇ traj ) based on the ⁇ curr and the ⁇ des .
- the reference module 118 shapes the ⁇ des by either decaying the ⁇ curr to the ⁇ des when transitioning from a lean to rich operation or by incrementing the ⁇ curr to the ⁇ des when transitioning from rich to lean operation of the engine 14 .
- the transition can be accomplished exponentially to limit the amount of torque disturbance.
- the ⁇ traj serves as input to a fuel feed forward (fuel FF) module 120 and a delay module 130 .
- the fuel FF module 120 outputs a feed forward fuel quantity (Q ff ) command based on the ⁇ traj , the m final signal, and an A/F ratio (AFR) model.
- the Q ff and a fuel quantity differential ( ⁇ Q) are summed at a first summing junction 124 .
- the Q ff may either be incremented or decremented by the ⁇ Q.
- a fuel plant (P fuel ) device 126 simultaneously receives the mode input.
- the P fuel device 126 schematically represents mechanisms for the addition of fuel including, but not limited to, fuel injectors (not shown) of the engine 14 .
- a compensated fuel quantity (Q comp ) can be added directly to the main injection pulse of the injector and/or by additional pulse injections such as post injections.
- the mode input signals the need for the P fuel device 126 to change operating modes from Q curr operation to a desired fuel quantity (Q des ) operation.
- the P fuel device 126 is not enabled during lean operation.
- a predetermined lean fuel quantity is provided by controller 30 .
- the P fuel device 126 injects a final fuel quantity (Q final ) based on the Q comp outputted by the first summing junction 124 .
- a combustion plant (P comb ) device 128 outputs a measured lambda ( ⁇ meas ) that is detected by the ⁇ sensor 50 .
- the ⁇ meas is electrically communicated to a second comparator 132 .
- the control process also utilizes a fuel feedback loop that provides fuel closed loop control to the regeneration control system 100 by adjusting the Q ff command to correct for any error.
- a delay module 130 holds the ⁇ traj value for an initial period of time prior to outputting the ⁇ traj to the second comparator 132 .
- the time delay associated with the delay module 130 compensates for the lapse in time between injecting the Q ff into the cylinders (not shown) of the P comb device 128 and receiving a signal from the ⁇ sensor 50 indicating that the exhaust gas 16 has been expelled to the ⁇ sensor 50 .
- the second comparator 132 compares the ⁇ meas and the ⁇ traj .
- a fuel error signal 133 indicating the difference between the ⁇ traj and the ⁇ meas is input into a fuel feedback (fuel FB) module 134 .
- the fuel FB module 134 Prior to receiving the fuel error signal 133 , the fuel FB module 134 is commanded by the mode input to change modes of operation.
- the fuel FB module 134 can be, but is not limited to, a PID controller.
- the fuel FB module 134 determines the ⁇ Q based on the fuel error signal 133 .
- the ASP module 106 begins the method 300 at 302 .
- the ASP module 106 determines whether the engine 14 requires changing the A/F operation. If the engine 14 does not require a change of A/F operation, the ASP module 106 returns to 304 . If engine 14 does require a change of the A/F operation, the ASP module 106 proceeds to 308 .
- the ASP module 106 determines the m des needed by the engine 14 that corresponds to the change of A/F operation.
- the air FF module 110 determines the boost pressure signal that commands the boost mechanism of the engine 14 .
- the air control module 102 commands the P air device 114 based on the boost pressure signal, the EGR signal, and the throttle signal in 312 .
- the first comparator 108 determines the air error signal based on m final and m des .
- the air FB module 112 determines the EGR signal and the throttle signal based on the air correction signal.
- the ⁇ module 116 determines the ⁇ traj based on the ⁇ curr and ⁇ des .
- the fuel FF module 120 determines the Q ff based on the ⁇ traj .
- the first summing junction 124 determines the Q comp based on the sum of the Q ff and the ⁇ Q in 322 .
- the P fuel device 126 delivers Q final based on the Q comp .
- the second comparator 132 determines the fuel error signal in 326 based on the ⁇ traj and the ⁇ meas outputted by the ⁇ sensor 50 .
- fuel FB module 134 determines ⁇ Q based on the fuel error signal.
Abstract
Description
Claims (20)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/656,928 US7305977B1 (en) | 2006-09-05 | 2007-01-23 | System for controlling regeneration of lean NOx traps |
DE102007041227.6A DE102007041227B8 (en) | 2006-09-05 | 2007-08-31 | System for controlling the regeneration of lean NOx traps |
CN2007101821138A CN101139953B (en) | 2006-09-05 | 2007-09-05 | System for controlling regeneration of lean NOx |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US84251106P | 2006-09-05 | 2006-09-05 | |
US11/656,928 US7305977B1 (en) | 2006-09-05 | 2007-01-23 | System for controlling regeneration of lean NOx traps |
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US7305977B1 true US7305977B1 (en) | 2007-12-11 |
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US11/656,928 Active US7305977B1 (en) | 2006-09-05 | 2007-01-23 | System for controlling regeneration of lean NOx traps |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20070225892A1 (en) * | 2004-04-28 | 2007-09-27 | Yuji Yasui | Control System for Internal Combustion Engine |
US20090143955A1 (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2009-06-04 | Paul Uitenbroek | Method and Apparatus for Controlling an Air-Fuel Mixture |
US20100083635A1 (en) * | 2007-03-06 | 2010-04-08 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Catalyst monitoring system and catalyst monitoring method |
CN102224334A (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-10-19 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Damping control device |
CN102606320A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-07-25 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Method and system for solving changes of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) characteristic curves |
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US6543219B1 (en) * | 2001-10-29 | 2003-04-08 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Engine fueling control for catalyst desulfurization |
US6745747B2 (en) * | 2002-06-04 | 2004-06-08 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method for air-fuel ratio control of a lean burn engine |
US7165399B2 (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2007-01-23 | Honeywell International Inc. | Method and system for using a measure of fueling rate in the air side control of an engine |
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2007
- 2007-01-23 US US11/656,928 patent/US7305977B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US6543219B1 (en) * | 2001-10-29 | 2003-04-08 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Engine fueling control for catalyst desulfurization |
US6745747B2 (en) * | 2002-06-04 | 2004-06-08 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method for air-fuel ratio control of a lean burn engine |
US7165399B2 (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2007-01-23 | Honeywell International Inc. | Method and system for using a measure of fueling rate in the air side control of an engine |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7661407B2 (en) | 2004-04-28 | 2010-02-16 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Control system for internal combustion engine |
US7451754B2 (en) * | 2004-04-28 | 2008-11-18 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Control system for internal combustion engine |
US20090055081A1 (en) * | 2004-04-28 | 2009-02-26 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Control System for Internal Combustion Engine |
US20070225892A1 (en) * | 2004-04-28 | 2007-09-27 | Yuji Yasui | Control System for Internal Combustion Engine |
US7734409B2 (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2010-06-08 | Nonox Bv | Method and apparatus for controlling an air-fuel mixture |
US20090143955A1 (en) * | 2005-03-31 | 2009-06-04 | Paul Uitenbroek | Method and Apparatus for Controlling an Air-Fuel Mixture |
US20100083635A1 (en) * | 2007-03-06 | 2010-04-08 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Catalyst monitoring system and catalyst monitoring method |
CN102224334A (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-10-19 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Damping control device |
US20120179332A1 (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2012-07-12 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Vibration-damping controlling apparatus |
US8423243B2 (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2013-04-16 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Vibration-damping controlling apparatus |
CN102224334B (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2014-06-18 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Damping control device |
CN102606320A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-07-25 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Method and system for solving changes of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) characteristic curves |
CN102606320B (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2014-05-28 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Method and system for solving changes of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) characteristic curves |
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