US5842785A - Orthopedic bone cement mixing device with syringe dispenser - Google Patents
Orthopedic bone cement mixing device with syringe dispenser Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US5842785A US5842785A US08/696,917 US69691796A US5842785A US 5842785 A US5842785 A US 5842785A US 69691796 A US69691796 A US 69691796A US 5842785 A US5842785 A US 5842785A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- mixing
- mixing chamber
- handle
- blade
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
- A61B17/8802—Equipment for handling bone cement or other fluid fillers
- A61B17/8805—Equipment for handling bone cement or other fluid fillers for introducing fluid filler into bone or extracting it
- A61B17/8825—Equipment for handling bone cement or other fluid fillers for introducing fluid filler into bone or extracting it characterised by syringe details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/50—Movable or transportable mixing devices or plants
- B01F33/501—Movable mixing devices, i.e. readily shifted or displaced from one place to another, e.g. portable during use
- B01F33/5011—Movable mixing devices, i.e. readily shifted or displaced from one place to another, e.g. portable during use portable during use, e.g. hand-held
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/30—Driving arrangements; Transmissions; Couplings; Brakes
- B01F35/32—Driving arrangements
- B01F35/323—Driving arrangements for vertical stirrer shafts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/30—Driving arrangements; Transmissions; Couplings; Brakes
- B01F35/33—Transmissions; Means for modifying the speed or direction of rotation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/40—Mounting or supporting mixing devices or receptacles; Clamping or holding arrangements therefor
- B01F35/41—Mounting or supporting stirrer shafts or stirrer units on receptacles
- B01F35/412—Mounting or supporting stirrer shafts or stirrer units on receptacles by supporting both extremities of the shaft
- B01F35/4121—Mounting or supporting stirrer shafts or stirrer units on receptacles by supporting both extremities of the shaft at the top and at the bottom of the receptacle, e.g. for performing a conical orbital movement about a vertical axis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
- A61B17/8802—Equipment for handling bone cement or other fluid fillers
- A61B17/8805—Equipment for handling bone cement or other fluid fillers for introducing fluid filler into bone or extracting it
- A61B17/8822—Equipment for handling bone cement or other fluid fillers for introducing fluid filler into bone or extracting it characterised by means facilitating expulsion of fluid from the introducer, e.g. a screw pump plunger, hydraulic force transmissions, application of vibrations or a vacuum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
- A61B17/8802—Equipment for handling bone cement or other fluid fillers
- A61B17/8833—Osteosynthesis tools specially adapted for handling bone cement or fluid fillers; Means for supplying bone cement or fluid fillers to introducing tools, e.g. cartridge handling means
- A61B2017/8838—Osteosynthesis tools specially adapted for handling bone cement or fluid fillers; Means for supplying bone cement or fluid fillers to introducing tools, e.g. cartridge handling means for mixing bone cement or fluid fillers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B50/00—Containers, covers, furniture or holders specially adapted for surgical or diagnostic appliances or instruments, e.g. sterile covers
- A61B2050/005—Containers, covers, furniture or holders specially adapted for surgical or diagnostic appliances or instruments, e.g. sterile covers with a lid or cover
- A61B2050/0062—Containers, covers, furniture or holders specially adapted for surgical or diagnostic appliances or instruments, e.g. sterile covers with a lid or cover closable by a combination of rotation and translation
- A61B2050/0064—Containers, covers, furniture or holders specially adapted for surgical or diagnostic appliances or instruments, e.g. sterile covers with a lid or cover closable by a combination of rotation and translation by screwing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B50/00—Containers, covers, furniture or holders specially adapted for surgical or diagnostic appliances or instruments, e.g. sterile covers
- A61B2050/005—Containers, covers, furniture or holders specially adapted for surgical or diagnostic appliances or instruments, e.g. sterile covers with a lid or cover
- A61B2050/0066—Containers, covers, furniture or holders specially adapted for surgical or diagnostic appliances or instruments, e.g. sterile covers with a lid or cover with additional sealing means, e.g. O-ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/46—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
- A61F2002/4685—Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor by means of vacuum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
- B01F2101/20—Mixing of ingredients for bone cement
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/05—Stirrers
- B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
- B01F27/112—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades
- B01F27/1125—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades with vanes or blades extending parallel or oblique to the stirrer axis
- B01F27/11251—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers with arms, paddles, vanes or blades with vanes or blades extending parallel or oblique to the stirrer axis having holes in the surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/70—Mixers specially adapted for working at sub- or super-atmospheric pressure, e.g. combined with de-foaming
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
- Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9403362A GB9403362D0 (en) | 1994-02-22 | 1994-02-22 | Bone cement mixing apparatus |
GB9403362 | 1994-02-22 | ||
PCT/GB1995/000365 WO1995022402A1 (en) | 1994-02-22 | 1995-02-22 | Bone cement mixing apparatus |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/095,205 Continuation US6592247B1 (en) | 1994-02-22 | 1998-06-10 | Bone cement mixing apparatus and method |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US5842785A true US5842785A (en) | 1998-12-01 |
Family
ID=10750736
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US08/696,917 Expired - Lifetime US5842785A (en) | 1994-02-22 | 1995-02-22 | Orthopedic bone cement mixing device with syringe dispenser |
US09/095,205 Expired - Lifetime US6592247B1 (en) | 1994-02-22 | 1998-06-10 | Bone cement mixing apparatus and method |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/095,205 Expired - Lifetime US6592247B1 (en) | 1994-02-22 | 1998-06-10 | Bone cement mixing apparatus and method |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5842785A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0744991B1 (en) |
JP (2) | JP3238706B2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU679335B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2183660C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69505356T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2123958T3 (en) |
GB (2) | GB9403362D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1995022402A1 (en) |
Cited By (49)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6116773A (en) * | 1999-01-22 | 2000-09-12 | Murray; William M. | Bone cement mixer and method |
US6395006B1 (en) | 2000-02-14 | 2002-05-28 | Telios Orthopedic Systems, Inc | Connector assembly for mating components, connector assembly for a bone cement mixing and delivery system, and bone cement container having a connector assembly |
EP1210974A2 (en) * | 2000-12-01 | 2002-06-05 | Depuy Orthopaedics, Inc. | Bone cement mixing apparatus having particular mixing blade configuration |
US20020067657A1 (en) * | 2000-12-01 | 2002-06-06 | Vendrely Timothy G. | Bone cement mixing apparatus having improved gearing arrangement for driving a mixing blade |
US6502608B1 (en) | 2000-02-14 | 2003-01-07 | Telios Orthopedic Systems, Inc. | Delivery apparatus, nozzle, and removable tip assembly |
US6536937B1 (en) | 2000-02-14 | 2003-03-25 | Telios Orthopedic Systems, Inc. | Self-contained base for a surgical cement mixing system, binding material mixing base, and surgical bone cement mixing system |
US20030069545A1 (en) * | 1999-12-06 | 2003-04-10 | Arm Douglas M. | Graft delivery syringe |
US20040267272A1 (en) * | 2003-05-12 | 2004-12-30 | Henniges Bruce D | Bone cement mixing and delivery system |
US20050105384A1 (en) * | 2003-11-18 | 2005-05-19 | Scimed Life Systems, Inc. | Apparatus for mixing and dispensing a multi-component bone cement |
US20050128867A1 (en) * | 2003-05-12 | 2005-06-16 | Henniges Bruce D. | Bone cement mixing and delivery system |
US20060089655A1 (en) * | 2002-08-07 | 2006-04-27 | Watkins Neil D | Instrument for preparing a bone cement material |
US20060187747A1 (en) * | 2000-10-25 | 2006-08-24 | Kyphon Inc. | Methods for mixing and transferring flowable materials |
US20070185495A1 (en) * | 2006-01-30 | 2007-08-09 | Howmedica International S. De R. L. | Plug-in syringe stand |
US20070278229A1 (en) * | 2006-06-01 | 2007-12-06 | William Li | Container lid with push button operation |
US20070291585A1 (en) * | 2006-06-14 | 2007-12-20 | Dave Sivers | Liquid container with stir mechanism |
US20080125722A1 (en) * | 2006-09-15 | 2008-05-29 | Howmedica International S. De R.L. | Syringe and stand |
US7524103B2 (en) | 2003-11-18 | 2009-04-28 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Apparatus for mixing and dispensing a multi-component bone cement |
WO2008004229A3 (en) * | 2006-07-06 | 2009-05-07 | Depuy Spine Inc | Mixing apparatus |
US20090264816A1 (en) * | 2008-04-22 | 2009-10-22 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Injectable material delivery device with an integrated mixer |
US20100054075A1 (en) * | 2008-09-02 | 2010-03-04 | Cook Incorporated | Vertebroplasty all in one mixer |
US20100114067A1 (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2010-05-06 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Multi-Chamber Mixing System |
WO2010114557A1 (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2010-10-07 | Ebi, Llc | Method and apparatus for delivering bone cement |
US20100284243A1 (en) * | 2008-01-03 | 2010-11-11 | Umsonst-Kuebler Petra | Device for mixing a mass |
US20100325698A1 (en) * | 1995-02-13 | 2010-12-23 | Ginter Karl L | Trusted and Secure Techniques for Item Delivery and Execution |
WO2011100852A1 (en) | 2010-02-22 | 2011-08-25 | Medmix Systems Ag | Syringe-like mixing device having a distally operable mixing element |
US8038682B2 (en) | 2004-08-17 | 2011-10-18 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Apparatus and methods for delivering compounds into vertebrae for vertebroplasty |
US8066713B2 (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2011-11-29 | Depuy Spine, Inc. | Remotely-activated vertebroplasty injection device |
US8361078B2 (en) | 2003-06-17 | 2013-01-29 | Depuy Spine, Inc. | Methods, materials and apparatus for treating bone and other tissue |
US8415407B2 (en) | 2004-03-21 | 2013-04-09 | Depuy Spine, Inc. | Methods, materials, and apparatus for treating bone and other tissue |
US8579908B2 (en) | 2003-09-26 | 2013-11-12 | DePuy Synthes Products, LLC. | Device for delivering viscous material |
US8728160B2 (en) | 1999-01-27 | 2014-05-20 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Expandable intervertebral spacer |
US20140367878A1 (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2014-12-18 | King Abdulaziz City For Science And Technology | Batch mixer with plunger |
US8950929B2 (en) | 2006-10-19 | 2015-02-10 | DePuy Synthes Products, LLC | Fluid delivery system |
US8992541B2 (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2015-03-31 | DePuy Synthes Products, LLC | Hydraulic device for the injection of bone cement in percutaneous vertebroplasty |
US20150230846A1 (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2015-08-20 | Spinal Generations, Llc | Compressible mixing and delivery system for medical substances |
US9132573B2 (en) | 2011-11-25 | 2015-09-15 | Heraeus Medical Gmbh | Storage and mixing device for bone cement |
US9339946B2 (en) | 2011-11-25 | 2016-05-17 | Heraeus Medical Gmbh | Device for mixing bone cement and method for mixing bone cement and use of the device |
US9381024B2 (en) | 2005-07-31 | 2016-07-05 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Marked tools |
US9642932B2 (en) | 2006-09-14 | 2017-05-09 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Bone cement and methods of use thereof |
US9649782B1 (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2017-05-16 | Galomb, Inc. | Injection tube assembly with integrated material stripping element and a polymer mixing system comprising the same |
US20170212026A1 (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2017-07-27 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Actuatable Paddle And Methods Of Use |
WO2017147404A1 (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2017-08-31 | Academia Sinica | Syringe apparatus for stirring and delivering composition containing cells |
US9918767B2 (en) | 2005-08-01 | 2018-03-20 | DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. | Temperature control system |
US10188440B2 (en) | 2003-07-15 | 2019-01-29 | Spinal Generations, Llc | Method and device for delivering medicine to bone |
USRE47427E1 (en) | 1999-01-27 | 2019-06-11 | Medtronic Holding Company Sárl | Expandable intervertebral spacer |
CN112871065A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-06-01 | 河北兑源新型建材有限公司 | Preparation equipment and use method of waterproof coating |
US11229468B2 (en) | 2019-06-11 | 2022-01-25 | Vivex Biologics Group, Inc. | Mixing syringe and method of use |
US11358109B2 (en) | 2017-08-04 | 2022-06-14 | Mark Robert Towler | Storage, mixing and dispensing device |
US20230392294A1 (en) * | 2022-11-03 | 2023-12-07 | Wenzhou Jiayuan Biotechnology Co. Ltd | Method for preparing pure chitosan fiber |
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US6352177B1 (en) * | 1998-10-14 | 2002-03-05 | Kettenbach Gmbh & Co. Kg | Device for discharging a pasty two-component mixture |
US6120174A (en) * | 1999-01-14 | 2000-09-19 | Bristol-Myers Squibb | Apparatus and method for mixing and dispensing bone cement |
GB2352408B (en) | 1999-07-27 | 2001-07-11 | Summit Medical Ltd | Orthopaedic bone cement mixing container |
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US20050222538A1 (en) * | 2004-03-30 | 2005-10-06 | Sdgi Holdings, Inc. | Surgical system for delivery of viscous fluids |
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US20080319445A9 (en) * | 2004-08-17 | 2008-12-25 | Scimed Life Systems, Inc. | Apparatus and methods for delivering compounds into vertebrae for vertebroplasty |
US8029183B2 (en) * | 2005-02-23 | 2011-10-04 | Biomet Manufacturing Corp. | Apparatus for mixing bone cement |
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US8088163B1 (en) | 2008-02-06 | 2012-01-03 | Kleiner Jeffrey B | Tools and methods for spinal fusion |
US8366748B2 (en) | 2008-12-05 | 2013-02-05 | Kleiner Jeffrey | Apparatus and method of spinal implant and fusion |
US9247943B1 (en) | 2009-02-06 | 2016-02-02 | Kleiner Intellectual Property, Llc | Devices and methods for preparing an intervertebral workspace |
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GB2514535A (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2014-12-03 | Summit Medical Ltd | An apparatus for mixing and delivering bone cement |
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US3115664A (en) * | 1961-03-23 | 1963-12-31 | Re Giovanni | Mixing-stirring cap for nail polish bottles and the like |
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GB1430064A (en) * | 1972-04-07 | 1976-03-31 | Gemco Ware Inc | Food mixer |
EP0178658A2 (en) * | 1984-10-19 | 1986-04-23 | Mit Ab | Method for producing bone cement for fixing protheses and device for carrying out said method |
US4758096A (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1988-07-19 | Mit Ab | Apparatus for mixing bone cement in vacuum |
US4961647A (en) * | 1986-04-04 | 1990-10-09 | Dhd Medical Products | Orthopedic cement mixer |
US4973168A (en) * | 1989-01-13 | 1990-11-27 | Chan Kwan Ho | Vacuum mixing/bone cement cartridge and kit |
US5252301A (en) * | 1989-05-03 | 1993-10-12 | Cemvac System Ab | Apparatus for the preparation of bone cement |
US5265956A (en) * | 1991-09-30 | 1993-11-30 | Stryker Corporation | Bone cement mixing and loading apparatus |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2301045B (en) | 1997-12-03 |
JPH09511438A (en) | 1997-11-18 |
DE69505356D1 (en) | 1998-11-19 |
JP3686844B2 (en) | 2005-08-24 |
DE69505356T2 (en) | 1999-05-06 |
US6592247B1 (en) | 2003-07-15 |
EP0744991A1 (en) | 1996-12-04 |
GB9617290D0 (en) | 1996-09-25 |
CA2183660A1 (en) | 1995-08-24 |
GB2301045A (en) | 1996-11-27 |
JP3238706B2 (en) | 2001-12-17 |
WO1995022402A1 (en) | 1995-08-24 |
ES2123958T3 (en) | 1999-01-16 |
GB9403362D0 (en) | 1994-04-13 |
AU1713195A (en) | 1995-09-04 |
AU679335B2 (en) | 1997-06-26 |
JP2002052331A (en) | 2002-02-19 |
EP0744991B1 (en) | 1998-10-14 |
CA2183660C (en) | 2004-03-30 |
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