US5260143A - Method and apparatus for removing water from electrochemical fuel cells - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for removing water from electrochemical fuel cells Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US5260143A US5260143A US07/641,601 US64160191A US5260143A US 5260143 A US5260143 A US 5260143A US 64160191 A US64160191 A US 64160191A US 5260143 A US5260143 A US 5260143A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cathode
- containing gas
- gas supply
- anode
- reaction product
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1007—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04231—Purging of the reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04291—Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
Description
TABLE 1 ______________________________________ Hydrogen Flow Required For Peak Stabilized Voltage At Varying Currents H2 Flow For Peak Peak Current Stabilized Voltage Voltages (amps) (liters per minute) (volts) ______________________________________ 125 no peak nopeak 200 31-34 0.662 250 36-38 0.602 300 36-38 0.569 350 38-39 0.492 400 42-43 0.430 450 46-50 0.360 ______________________________________
Claims (28)
Priority Applications (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/641,601 US5260143A (en) | 1991-01-15 | 1991-01-15 | Method and apparatus for removing water from electrochemical fuel cells |
AU11642/92A AU660446B2 (en) | 1991-01-15 | 1992-01-15 | Method and apparatus for removing water from electrochemical fuel cells |
PCT/CA1992/000017 WO1992013365A1 (en) | 1991-01-15 | 1992-01-15 | Method and apparatus for removing water from electrochemical fuel cells |
CA002099886A CA2099886C (en) | 1991-01-15 | 1992-01-15 | Method and apparatus for removing water from electrochemical fuel cells |
EP92902681A EP0567499B2 (en) | 1991-01-15 | 1992-01-15 | Method and apparatus for removing water from electrochemical fuel cells |
JP4502749A JP2703824B2 (en) | 1991-01-15 | 1992-01-15 | Water removal method for electrochemical fuel cell |
DE69219758T DE69219758T3 (en) | 1991-01-15 | 1992-01-15 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE WATER REMOVAL OF ELECTROCHEMICAL FUEL CELLS |
US07/970,614 US5366818A (en) | 1991-01-15 | 1992-11-03 | Solid polymer fuel cell systems incorporating water removal at the anode |
US08/138,714 US5441819A (en) | 1991-01-15 | 1993-10-19 | Method and apparatus for removing water from electrochemical fuel cells by controlling the temperature and pressure of the reactant streams |
US08/265,414 US5547776A (en) | 1991-01-15 | 1994-06-24 | Electrochemical fuel cell stack with concurrently flowing coolant and oxidant streams |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/641,601 US5260143A (en) | 1991-01-15 | 1991-01-15 | Method and apparatus for removing water from electrochemical fuel cells |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US07/970,614 Continuation-In-Part US5366818A (en) | 1991-01-15 | 1992-11-03 | Solid polymer fuel cell systems incorporating water removal at the anode |
US08/138,714 Continuation US5441819A (en) | 1991-01-15 | 1993-10-19 | Method and apparatus for removing water from electrochemical fuel cells by controlling the temperature and pressure of the reactant streams |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US5260143A true US5260143A (en) | 1993-11-09 |
Family
ID=24573065
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US07/641,601 Expired - Lifetime US5260143A (en) | 1991-01-15 | 1991-01-15 | Method and apparatus for removing water from electrochemical fuel cells |
US08/138,714 Expired - Lifetime US5441819A (en) | 1991-01-15 | 1993-10-19 | Method and apparatus for removing water from electrochemical fuel cells by controlling the temperature and pressure of the reactant streams |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US08/138,714 Expired - Lifetime US5441819A (en) | 1991-01-15 | 1993-10-19 | Method and apparatus for removing water from electrochemical fuel cells by controlling the temperature and pressure of the reactant streams |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5260143A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0567499B2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2703824B2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU660446B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2099886C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69219758T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1992013365A1 (en) |
Cited By (47)
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US5441819A (en) * | 1991-01-15 | 1995-08-15 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Method and apparatus for removing water from electrochemical fuel cells by controlling the temperature and pressure of the reactant streams |
US5547776A (en) * | 1991-01-15 | 1996-08-20 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Electrochemical fuel cell stack with concurrently flowing coolant and oxidant streams |
WO1997008766A2 (en) * | 1995-08-25 | 1997-03-06 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Electrochemical fuel cell with an electrode substrate having an in-plane nonuniform structure for control of reactant and product transport |
WO1997024914A1 (en) * | 1996-01-04 | 1997-07-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Process for operating pem fuel cells |
US5686199A (en) * | 1996-05-07 | 1997-11-11 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Flow field plate for use in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
US5700595A (en) * | 1995-06-23 | 1997-12-23 | International Fuel Cells Corp. | Ion exchange membrane fuel cell power plant with water management pressure differentials |
US5773160A (en) * | 1994-06-24 | 1998-06-30 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Electrochemical fuel cell stack with concurrent flow of coolant and oxidant streams and countercurrent flow of fuel and oxidant streams |
US6059987A (en) * | 1996-12-26 | 2000-05-09 | Hitachi Maxell, Ltd. | Ionic conductive material and electrochemical device comprising the same |
US6251534B1 (en) | 1999-09-23 | 2001-06-26 | Plug Power Inc. | Fuel cell cascade flow system |
US6284399B1 (en) | 1999-09-17 | 2001-09-04 | Plug Power Llc | Fuel cell system having humidification membranes |
US6329090B1 (en) | 1999-09-03 | 2001-12-11 | Plug Power Llc | Enthalpy recovery fuel cell system |
US20020071983A1 (en) * | 1999-07-08 | 2002-06-13 | Rowen Stuart James | Flow field plates |
US6444343B1 (en) * | 1996-11-18 | 2002-09-03 | University Of Southern California | Polymer electrolyte membranes for use in fuel cells |
US20020127452A1 (en) * | 1995-08-25 | 2002-09-12 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Electrochemical fuel cell with an electrode having an in-plane nonuniform structure |
US20020187383A1 (en) * | 2001-06-08 | 2002-12-12 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell and method of operating same |
US20020192531A1 (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2002-12-19 | Joerg Zimmerman | Liquid reactant flow field plates for liquid feed fuel cells |
WO2003003537A2 (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2003-01-09 | Foamex, L.P. | Capillarity structures for water and/or fuel management in fuel cells |
US20030082432A1 (en) * | 1998-11-24 | 2003-05-01 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Electrochemical fuel cell with an electrode having an in-plane nonuniform structure |
US6576358B2 (en) | 1998-09-30 | 2003-06-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method of discharging reaction water in PEM fuel cells and fuel cell for carrying out the method |
US6586128B1 (en) | 2000-05-09 | 2003-07-01 | Ballard Power Systems, Inc. | Differential pressure fluid flow fields for fuel cells |
US20030198845A1 (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2003-10-23 | Haruyuki Nakanishi | Fuel cell system and control method of the same |
US6641625B1 (en) | 1999-05-03 | 2003-11-04 | Nuvera Fuel Cells, Inc. | Integrated hydrocarbon reforming system and controls |
US20030228501A1 (en) * | 2002-06-10 | 2003-12-11 | David Champion | Fuel cell reactant supply |
US20040001993A1 (en) * | 2002-06-28 | 2004-01-01 | Kinkelaar Mark R. | Gas diffusion layer for fuel cells |
US20040001991A1 (en) * | 2002-07-01 | 2004-01-01 | Kinkelaar Mark R. | Capillarity structures for water and/or fuel management in fuel cells |
US6673480B1 (en) * | 1998-07-02 | 2004-01-06 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Sensor cell for an electrochemical fuel cell stack |
FR2842948A1 (en) * | 2002-07-25 | 2004-01-30 | Renault Sa | ELECTRIC TRACTION SYSTEM FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE AND METHOD FOR IMPLEMENTING A FUEL CELL |
US20040086768A1 (en) * | 2000-01-27 | 2004-05-06 | Karen Fleckner | Fuel cells |
US20040110049A1 (en) * | 2002-12-04 | 2004-06-10 | Soichiro Shimotori | Fuel cell system with improved humidification system |
US20040191605A1 (en) * | 2002-12-27 | 2004-09-30 | Foamex L.P. | Gas diffusion layer containing inherently conductive polymer for fuel cells |
US20040234829A1 (en) * | 2003-03-03 | 2004-11-25 | Sederquist Richard A. | Ambient pressure fuel cell system employing partial air humidification |
US20050130023A1 (en) * | 2003-05-09 | 2005-06-16 | Lebowitz Jeffrey I. | Gas diffusion layer having carbon particle mixture |
US20050260478A1 (en) * | 2002-07-25 | 2005-11-24 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. Ltd | Electrolyte membrane, membrane electrode assembly using this and fuel cell |
US20060199061A1 (en) * | 2005-03-02 | 2006-09-07 | Fiebig Bradley N | Water management in bipolar electrochemical cell stacks |
US20070003816A1 (en) * | 2005-06-22 | 2007-01-04 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell and separator for fuel cell |
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US7282291B2 (en) | 2002-11-25 | 2007-10-16 | California Institute Of Technology | Water free proton conducting membranes based on poly-4-vinylpyridinebisulfate for fuel cells |
US20080050632A1 (en) * | 2006-08-24 | 2008-02-28 | Salter L Carlton | Functionally integrated hydrogen fuel cell |
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-
1991
- 1991-01-15 US US07/641,601 patent/US5260143A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-01-15 AU AU11642/92A patent/AU660446B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-01-15 WO PCT/CA1992/000017 patent/WO1992013365A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1992-01-15 JP JP4502749A patent/JP2703824B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-01-15 EP EP92902681A patent/EP0567499B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-01-15 CA CA002099886A patent/CA2099886C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-01-15 DE DE69219758T patent/DE69219758T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU660446B2 (en) | 1995-06-29 |
EP0567499B2 (en) | 2001-02-28 |
EP0567499B1 (en) | 1997-05-14 |
EP0567499A1 (en) | 1993-11-03 |
WO1992013365A1 (en) | 1992-08-06 |
DE69219758D1 (en) | 1997-06-19 |
DE69219758T2 (en) | 1997-12-11 |
US5441819A (en) | 1995-08-15 |
CA2099886A1 (en) | 1992-07-16 |
CA2099886C (en) | 1998-04-14 |
DE69219758T3 (en) | 2001-09-06 |
AU1164292A (en) | 1992-08-27 |
JPH06504403A (en) | 1994-05-19 |
JP2703824B2 (en) | 1998-01-26 |
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