US3856426A

US3856426A - Ramming or tamping machine or the like

Info

Publication number: US3856426A
Application number: US00381325A
Authority: US
Inventors: H Waschulewski; H Baumers
Original assignee: Losenhausen Maschinenbau AG
Current assignee: Losenhausen Maschinenbau AG
Priority date: 1972-07-25
Filing date: 1973-07-23
Publication date: 1974-12-24
Anticipated expiration: 1991-12-24
Also published as: BR7305600D0; GB1394624A; JPS4957609A; DE2236371C2; AU472835B2; AU5708973A; JPS5627651B2; CH553888A; DE2236371B1; SE400593B

Abstract

A hand manipulated tamping machine has a diesel engine mounted on the side with its shaft part way down the machine casing. The engine shaft is coupled to an intermediate shaft coaxial therewith. Gears connect the intermediate shaft to a crankshaft positioned above the intermediate shaft. A connecting rod encircles the intermediate shaft and extends from the crankshaft to the spring set which actuates the tamping foot.

Description

United States Patent Waschulewski et a].

[ Dec. 24, 1974 RAMMING OR TAMPING MACHINE OR THE LIKE Inventors: Hans-Georg Waschulewski, Mettmann; Hans Baumers, Dusseldorf-Gerresheim, both of Germany Assignee: Losenhausen Maschinenbau AG,

Dusseldorf-Grafenberg, Germany Filed: July 23, 1973 Appl. No.: 381,325

Foreign Application Priority Data July 25, 1972 Germany 2236371 US. Cl. 404/133 Int. Cl. E01c 19/34 Field of Search 404/133 References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 5/1954 Maurer 404/133 X 2,903,948 9/l959 Simmonds 404/133 3,270,635 9/1966 Kestel 3,376,799 4/1968 Perry 3,636,834 [[1972 Waschulewski 404/133 Primary Examiner-Nile C. Byers, Jr. Attorney, Agent, or FirmDarbo, Robertson & Vandenburgh [57] ABSTRACT A hand manipulated tamping machine has a diesel engine mounted on the side with its shaft part way down the machine casing. The engine shaft is coupled to an intermediate shaft coaxial therewith. Gears connect the intermediate shaft to a crankshaft positioned above the intermediate shaft. A connecting rod encircles the intermediate shaft and extends from the crankshaft to the spring set which actuates the tamping foot.

6 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures Patented Dec. 24, 1974 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG.1

Patented Dec. 24, 1974 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 RAMMING OR TAMPING MACHINE OR THE LIKE BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a tamping machine which includes an internal combustion engine having flanges by which it is mounted on the casing of the tamper and powers a crank drive which in turn actuates a spring oscillating set including a ramming tool.

In one known machine of this type (see U.S. Pat. No. 3,636,834) the machine comprises an upper casing whose basic shape is cylindrical and on which is a laterally extending, flange-connected two-stroke internal combustion engine. In this known machine the engine is mounted at the top of the casing and extends thereabove. An intermediate shaft is mounted in the top part of the casing coaxial with the engine shaft. This intermediate shaft has a pinion which meshes with a gear disposed on a crankshaft mounted in the casing below the intermediate shaft. A connecting rod extends from the crankshaft to energize a spring oscillating system to perform linear oscillations. This spring system comprises a frame having a top cross-member, a bottom cross-member and a number of parallel rods, the latter being guided in plain bearings at the bottom end of the casing. The parallel rods are also guided in hearings in a bottom casing which is substantially coaxial of the upper casing. Springs bear on the top cross-member and bottom cross-member and on the top and bottom of that wall of the lower casing. The lower casing holds the tamping tools and is in sealing-tight engagement with the upper casing by way of bellows. The top wall of the lower casing is formed with an aperture and is full of oil.

The crank drive energizes the spring oscillating set to perform linear oscillations. During the oscillatory motion the bottom cross-member acts as a piston in the tool casing to continuously spray oil into the upper casing through the aperture for lubrication purposes.

The engine of the known construction extends above the top end of the upper casing, so that air flows freely around all its sides and cools it. Since a two-stroke engine is fairly light in weight, its position at the top end of the upper casing does not have disadvantages so far as the position of the center of gravity of the complete apparatus is concerned.

Diesel engines devised as flange-mounted engines are known too; however, they are fairly heavy and so have not been used for manually guided appliances such as ramming or tamping machines.

It is an object of the invention to provide a ramming or tamping machine whose engine has a longer working life, and costs less to operate, than the engines of known machines of the kind. Another object of the invention is to achieve greater speed stability, and therefore more uniform operation over a range of stresses, than is possible with the known machinery. Another object of the invention is to provide a driving engine which can run at low speeds in operation, thus requiring less speed reduction in the gearing and achieving noise reduction.

According to the invention, therefore, in a machine of the kind specified the internal combustion engine is a flange-mounted diesel engine. A diesel engine has the required characteristics. In accordance with the present invention problems arising from the greater weight of a diesel engine are solved.

To prevent significantly raising the center of gravity due to the increased weight of the diesel engine, the engine is positioned on the casing so that the engine output shaft is at or below the center of the casing. This feature helps to lower the position of the center of gravity of the complete machine.

Also, to shift the center of gravity along the engine axis towards the main casing of the appliance, the engine is provided with a heavy flywheel which is on the engine output shaft but is within the casing. A diesel engine needs a relatively heavy flywheel. The flywheel, which represents a large proportion of engine weight, is shifted into the casing of the machine. The engine unit is therefore brought nearer the casing, and so the position of the center of gravity is such that the machine can stand up on its own and can even operate on its own.

Unfortunately, arranging the engine in this way relative to the casing may bring cooling problems, since the engine is not in such an exposed position as it is for example in the tamping machine disclosed by U.S. Pat. No. 3,636,834. Advantageously, therefore, a fan rotor is mounted on the engine shaft; and the casing is formed with apertures through which air can be taken in to cool the diesel engine.

The drive train needs a minimum casing height to accommodate the reduction gearing, the crankshaft and the connecting rod. The engine of the apparatus 'of U.S. Pat. No. 3,636,834 is positioned at the top end of the casing. The drive goes to an intermediate shaft at the top of the casing, via reduction gearing to the crankshaft below the intermediate shaft; and then a connecting rod extends downwards from the crankshaft to the spring system.

In the present invention an intermediate shaft bearing a pinion is mounted in the casing coaxially of the low-mounted diesel engine output shaft. The pinion drives a gear on a crankshaft mounted above the intermediate shaft. A connecting rod extends from the crankshaft to the spring oscillating set, with the con necting rod having an aperture through which the intermediate shaft having the pinion extends. This arrangement makes optimum use of the total height of the machine, and thus to ensure a vertically compact construction.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. I is a longitudinal section through a manually guided diesel-operated tamping or ramming appliance according to the invention, and

FIG. 2 is a corresponding view of the device, looking from the left in FIG. I and partly sectioned.

DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC EMBODIMENT The following disclosure is offered for public dissemination in return for the grant of a patent. Although it is detailed to ensure adequacy and aid understanding, this is not intended to prejudice that purpose of a patent which is to cover each new inventive concept therein no matter how others may later disguise it by variations in form or additions or further improvements.

A flanged'on diesel engine 10 has an output shaft 12 on which is mounted a large flywheel l1 and a fan rotor 14. The mounting flange of the engine is secured to a casing 16 forming part of the upper or main casing of the machine. Casing 16 has lateral cooling channels 17 through which cooling air is drawn in by fan rotor 14. This air helps to remove the heat evolved in casing 16. The air is exhausted throught apertures which direct the air towards cylinder 21 of engine 10 to cool the cylinder.

A centrifugal clutch is mounted on a hub 18 secured to flywheel 11. By way of a resilient intermediate element 24 and an intermediate flange 36, the output element 22 of clutch 20 is connected to an intermediate shaft 26 journaled at both ends in the main casing 65 of the machine. A pinion 38 is mounted on shaft 26 and meshes with a gear 40 on crankshaft 42. Crankshaft 42 is journaled at both ends in the casing in bearings 44, 46 and is above the intermediate shaft 26 and the engine output shaft 12 and parallel thereto.

A connecting rod 50 is mounted on throw 48 of crankshaft 42 by means of a bearing 51. As can be seen in FIG. 2, connecting rod 50 is wide with a central opening 52 enabling the rod 50 to encircle intermediate shaft 26. The small end of the connecting rod has a bearing 54 by which it connects to a pin of a frame 56 of a spring oscillating set. This spring set can be of the kind disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,636,834. Frame 56 comprises upper and

lower cross-members

61,62 interconnected by parallel rods 63. Rods 63 are guided in bearings 64 at the bottom end of main casing 65. A lower casing 67 has an upper end wall 68 and is connected to a tamping or ramming tool 66. Rods 63 are journaled in bearings 69 in casing 57. Compression springs 70, 71 are provided between, on the one hand, the upper cross-member 61 and the top of end wall 68 and, on the other hand, between the lower crossmember 62 and the bottom of end wall 68. This forms a spring oscillating set whose moving mass is primarily defined by the tool 66 and casing 67. It is oscillated by way of the reciprocating frame 56 and the

springs

70, 71.

The upper casing 65 is connected by bellows 72 to the casing 67. Wall 68 has an aperture 73. Casing 67 is full of oil in which the cross-member 62 reciprocates as a piston, as disclosed by U.S. Pat. No. 3,538,821. This sprays the oil through aperture 73 into bearings 64 and into the interior of the casing containing the crank drive. A guide or control hoop 60 is secured to casing 65 by means of rubber elements 58.

We claim:

1. in a hand manipulated tamping apparatus comprising an upper casing, a tamping tool device below said casing, a crank device in the casing,,a spring oscillating set connecting the drive and the device, a flange mounted diesel engine secured to the casing and having a drive shaft, and a gear drive connecting the engine drive shaft and the crank drive, the improvement comprising:

said drives including an intermediate shaft coaxial with the engine drive shaft, a pinion mounted on the intermediate shaft, a crankshaft mounted above the intermediate shaft and parallel thereto, a gear mounted on the crankshaft and engaging said pinion, and a connecting rod having an upper and lower end and an opening therebetween, the upper end being connected to the crankshaft, the lower end being connected to said oscillating set, said intermediate shaft extending through said opening with the connecting rod thereby encircling said intermediate shaft.

2. In an apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein said engine drive shaft is horizontal and is approximately at the center of said main casing.

3. In an apparatus as set forth in claim 2, including a heavy flywheel for said engine, said flywheel being on the engine drive shaft and positioned within said casing and beyond the flange mounting of the engine.

4. In an apparatus as set forth in claim 3, including a fan rotor mounted on said engine drive shaft, said casing having channels through which said rotor may draw air into the casing and air discharge apertures directed at said engine.

5. In an apparatus as set forth in claim 4 including a centrifugal clutch and a flexible shaft connector in series between the engine drive shaft and the intermediate shaft.

6. In an apparatus as set forth in claim 1 including a centrifugal clutch and a flexible shaft connector in series between the engine drive shaft and the intermediate shaft.

Patent No. ,856,426 Dated December 24, 1974 Inventor( )Hans-Georg Waschulewski and Hans Baumers It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

Priority No. 2236371. should read -P 22 36 37l.9-

Col. 1, line 31 "tools" should read -tool- Col. 4, line 5 "device." should read --drive-- Signed and sealed this 4th day of March 1975.

(SEAL) Attest:

C. MARSHALL DANN RUTH C. I- ASON Commissioner of Patents Attesting Officer and Trademarks -'ORM PO-IOSO (10-69) uscoMM-Dc scan-P09 h 0.5. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE I909 0-366-834,

Claims

1. In a hand manipulated tamping apparatus comprising an upper casing, a tamping tool device below said casing, a crank device in the casing, a spring oscillating set connecting the drive and the device, a flange-mounted diesel engine secured to the casing and having a drive shaft, and a gear drive connecting the engine drive shaft and the crank drive, the improvement comprising: said drives including an intermediate shaft coaxial with the engine drive shaft, a pinion mounted on the intermediate shaft, a crankshaft mounted above the intermediate shaft and parallel thereto, a gear mounted on the crankshaft and engaging said pinion, and a connecting rod having an upper and lower end and an opening therebetween, the upper end being connected to the crankshaft, the lower end being connected to said oscillating set, said intermediate shaft extending through said opening with the connecting rod thereby encircling said intermediate shaft.