US3847157A - Medico-surgical tube - Google Patents
Medico-surgical tube Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3847157A US3847157A US00370900A US37090073A US3847157A US 3847157 A US3847157 A US 3847157A US 00370900 A US00370900 A US 00370900A US 37090073 A US37090073 A US 37090073A US 3847157 A US3847157 A US 3847157A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- structure according
- ferromagnetic material
- strip
- tube structure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
- A61M25/0105—Steering means as part of the catheter or advancing means; Markers for positioning
- A61M25/0127—Magnetic means; Magnetic markers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/70—Manipulators specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/73—Manipulators for magnetic surgery
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/06—Devices, other than using radiation, for detecting or locating foreign bodies ; determining position of probes within or on the body of the patient
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/06—Devices, other than using radiation, for detecting or locating foreign bodies ; determining position of probes within or on the body of the patient
- A61B5/061—Determining position of a probe within the body employing means separate from the probe, e.g. sensing internal probe position employing impedance electrodes on the surface of the body
- A61B5/062—Determining position of a probe within the body employing means separate from the probe, e.g. sensing internal probe position employing impedance electrodes on the surface of the body using magnetic field
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
- A61M25/0105—Steering means as part of the catheter or advancing means; Markers for positioning
- A61M25/0108—Steering means as part of the catheter or advancing means; Markers for positioning using radio-opaque or ultrasound markers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0402—Special features for tracheal tubes not otherwise provided for
- A61M16/0411—Special features for tracheal tubes not otherwise provided for with means for differentiating between oesophageal and tracheal intubation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0488—Mouthpieces; Means for guiding, securing or introducing the tubes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/02—General characteristics of the apparatus characterised by a particular materials
- A61M2205/0233—Conductive materials, e.g. antistatic coatings for spark prevention
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/32—General characteristics of the apparatus with radio-opaque indicia
Definitions
- ABSTRACT A tube structure is disclosed, for use within living tissue, incorporating a magnetic element whereby the location and length of the tube within tissue may be readily detected.
- the tube is seamless, flexible and is formed of non-fibrous imperforate material containing ferromagnetic material for magnetic detection.
- the ferromagnetic material comprises an integral metal strip, particulate or segments of material extending along the length of the tube.
- a separate grounding strip may also be included in a tube as disclosed, that is radioopaque for X-ray detection.
- the tube generally is tapered to define a distal end.
- a magnetic detector for sensing the tube is also disclosed utilizing a movably supported gapped magnetic toroid.
- medico-surgical tubes relate to the electrical characteristics. There is concern both with regard to electrical leakage currents from associated equipment that might endanger a patient and static electricity that may produce a sufficient spark to ignite combustible substances, e.g., gas. Fatal arrhythmias can result from either form of electrical activity. Accordingly, a need exists for a medicosurgical tube, the location of which is readily detectable as indicated above, and additionally which has certain electrical characteristics. Other desirable characteristics for a medico-surgical tube include flexibility and transparency to permit observing the tube interior.
- the present invention relates to a medicosurgical tube system whereby the location of a tube within living tissue may be simply, accurately and easily determined.
- the system includes a tube of flexible, transparent imperforate material carrying a strip of continuous or discretely placed segments of magnetic material for actuating a magnetic indicator.
- a strip of magnetic material is provided to extend along the length of the tube and comprises magnetizable material having a remanent magnetic flux density that is relatively high and which is magnetized with a pattern so as to be readily detected outside the living tissue.
- the magnetizable material may be provided in a form to accomplish desirable electrical characteristics or a separate conductive strip may be provided.
- the location of the tube is manifest by a movably mounted permanent magnet housed for convenient placement contiguous to the living tissue.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view illustrative of the use of a system constructed in accordance with the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of one form oftube structure in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 2;
- FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 illustrating an alternative tube construction
- FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 3 illustrating still another alternative tube construction
- FIG. 6 is a fragmentary view similar to FIG. 2 illustrating still a further alternative tube construction
- FIG. 7 is a plan view of an indicator constructed in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a central vertical sectional view taken through the indicator of FIG. 7.
- a human subject S is suggested along with indications of lungs L and air passages including a right bronchial tube 12, a left bronchial tube 14 and a trachea 16.
- a medico-surgical tube T is shown passing through the trachea 16 and the right bronchial tube 12 to enter the right lung L.
- the position of the tube T is indicated by an indicator I which is as illustrated in FIG. 1, located on the chest of the subject S.
- the tube T is placed within the subject S for the extraction of fluid from the lung cavity. It is to be recognized that the tube hereof is also useful in other ways, e.g., vascular, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and so on. It is apparent that'the tube T may substantially close the receiving bronchial tube, e.g., bronchial tube 12. Frequently, a subject S has lost the use of one lung as a result of the accumulation of fluid. Consequently, if the tube T (being placed for the purpose of removing the fluid) enters the bronchial tube of the single functioning lung, the subject S may lose all breathing capacity.
- the tube T being placed for the purpose of removing the fluid
- the position of the tube T is manifest by the indicator I during the period of insertion. If the tube deviates in an undesired direction, the fact is promptly end and a slight enlargement or flare at the opposed end 22.
- the taper at the distal end 20 is helpful in probing and additionally is cooperative in interconnecting a series of tubes.
- the tube is smooth at both the internal wall 24 (FIG.
- a radial segment comprises a strip 28 (FIG. 2) extending the full length of the elongated tube T and fully occupying a space between the internal wall 24 and the external wall 26.
- the non-strip portion 30 of the tube may be formed of clear or transparent plastic to afford a view of the tube contents or may be radio opaque for X-ray detection.
- the strip 28 may comprise similar plastic containing a concentration of ferromagnetic particles. For example, fine particles of magnetic material comprising approximately 80 percent nickel and 20 percent iron may be employed to provide a strip with retentive magnetic characteristics. Generally, if the strip 28 is to render the tube T conductive, the concentration of the particles should be relatively high.
- extrusion techniques may be employed as to form vinyl plastic material. Such techniques are well known in the plastics industry and are not deemed significant for disclosure herein.
- the strip 28 is magnetized along the entire length of the tube T to attain a dominant magnetic pattern that has a uniform sense.
- the magnetic pattern may be with the distal end 20 as the north pole of the magnet while the opposed end 22 is magnetized as the south pole.
- various magnetizing techniques may be employed to accomplish such a pattern, as for example, placing the ends of the tube T in alignment contiguous to the ends ofa powerful electromagnet so that the strip 28 is an element in a single magnetic circuit and is subjected to considerable magnetic flux.
- the sensor or indicator I as disclosed herein includes a housing 40 (FIG. 6) that is pointed along one plane, however, otherwise is of parallelepiped configuration.
- the upper surface 42 of the housing 40 provides an instrument display for indicating alignment with or position of the strip 28 in the tube T.
- the housing 40 is tapered to a point 44 at the forward end.
- the upper surface 42 defines a window 46 through which a magnet 48 is exhibited.
- the magnet 48 carries a meter mark 50. Displacement of the meter mark 50 from alignment with an index mark 52 indicates a position of the tube T in the proximity of indicator I.
- the magnet 48 in the indicator I is in a toroid form (defining a non-magnetic gap 54) and is concentrically supported by a coil spring 56 the center of which is affixed to a lateral post 58 that is anchored in the housing 40.
- the gap 54 is held in a quiescent position substantially as indicated in FIG. 7, resulting in the meter mark 50 (FIG. 6) being aligned with the index mark 52.
- the bottom surface 60 is usually separated from the strip 28 by a section of living tissue 61.
- the latter is displaced counterclockwise (as indicated by the arrow 63) toward a position in which the strip 28 would close the non-magnetic gap 54.
- the meter mark 50 (FIG. 6) is moved forward from the index mark 52 indicating that the strip 28 (and accordingly the tube T) has been sensed. It may, therefore, be seen that the indicator I may be variously moved over the subject S (FIG. 1) to follow or indicate the position of a tube T.
- the T may take various forms other than with the strip 28 of magnetic substance.
- the tube may be a clear, somewhat cylindrical elongated body 65 into which a thin wire 66 of magnetic material is embedded.
- a segmental strip 68 of conductive material, e.g., carbon extends the full length of the tube T.
- the transparent body 65 affords a view of the interior of the tube.
- the wire 66 is magnetized as described, along a single polarity orientation for effective sensing.
- the desired electrical characteristic for the tube is provided by the strip 68 which extends completely through the tube and along its entire length.
- FIG. 5 A form of such a tube is depicted in FIG. 5 and essentially consists of a homogeneous mixture of particle magnetic material in a carrier, as for example, of plastic.
- the tube may be as illustrated in FIG. 2; however, altered by the magnetic strip being in the form of slugs or segments 71 (FIG. 6). Specifically, the segments 71 are spaced apart by a predetermined distance D so as to provide another source of information in the use of a magnetic detector. Of course, the length of the segments 71 is also predetermined.
- An externally detectable tube structure for use within living tissue, as to establish an access passage comprising:
- a seamless elongated tube comprising an integral wall of flexible non-fibrous imperforate material for in sertion into living tissue;
- ferromagnetic material disposed within said wall along a substantial length of said tube for magnetic detection at an external location in relation to said living tissue, said material being flexible in said tube, to accommodate flexibility of said tube.
- a tube structure according to claim I wherein said ferromagnetic material comprises a continuous strip that extends substantially the full length of said tube.
- a tube structure according to claim 1 wherein said ferromagnetic material comprises separate spacedapart segments of particulate material defining a strip.
Abstract
A tube structure is disclosed, for use within living tissue, incorporating a magnetic element whereby the location and length of the tube within tissue may be readily detected. In one disclosed form, the tube is seamless, flexible and is formed of non-fibrous imperforate material containing ferromagnetic material for magnetic detection. In the forms as disclosed, the ferromagnetic material comprises an integral metal strip, particulate or segments of material extending along the length of the tube. A separate grounding strip may also be included in a tube as disclosed, that is radio-opaque for X-ray detection. The tube generally is tapered to define a distal end. A magnetic detector for sensing the tube is also disclosed utilizing a movably supported gapped magnetic toroid.
Description
United States Patent 11 1 Caillouette et a1.
[ 1 Nov. 12, 1974 MEDICO-SURGICAL TUBE [76] Inventors: James C. Caillouette, 123 Congress [22] Filed: June 18, 1973 [21] Appl. No.: 370,900
1521 US. Cl. 128/348, 128/2 M, 138/118 511 111 .0 ..A61m 25/00 [58] Field of Search 128/348, 349 R, 349 B,
128/349 BV, 350 R, 351, 276, 2 M, 2 R, 1.3, 128/1.41.5, 356, 303 R; 138/118 OTHER PUBLICATIONS .RQeT ch- .Neteselum 1. C 675,
Morey Primary E.\'aminerDalton L. Truluck Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Nilsson, Robbins, Bissell, Dalgarn & Berliner [57] ABSTRACT A tube structure is disclosed, for use within living tissue, incorporating a magnetic element whereby the location and length of the tube within tissue may be readily detected. In one disclosed form, the tube is seamless, flexible and is formed of non-fibrous imperforate material containing ferromagnetic material for magnetic detection. In the forms as disclosed, the ferromagnetic material comprises an integral metal strip, particulate or segments of material extending along the length of the tube. A separate grounding strip may also be included in a tube as disclosed, that is radioopaque for X-ray detection. The tube generally is tapered to define a distal end. A magnetic detector for sensing the tube is also disclosed utilizing a movably supported gapped magnetic toroid.
9 Claims, 8 Drawing Figures MEDICO-SURGICAL TUBE BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The need frequently arises to place medico-surgical tubes, e.g., catheters, within various living-tissue spaces. In placing such tubes, it is sometimes critically important that the attending person have knowledge with respect to the precise location of the tube. In that regard, it previously has been proposed to provide tubes that are partially or completely X-ray opaque. In using such tubes, the precise position of a tube is indicated by X-ray presentations. However, a basic difficulty with such procedures and techniques resides in the complexity of the required equipment and a concern regarding repeated or prolonged X-ray irradiation of living tissue.
Generally, there is a substantial current trend toward increased activity by paramedical personnel in emergency situations. The risks attendant such practice are related to the limitations of paramedical personnel and the fact that they often must work in locations where only simple and rudimentary equipment is available. One pieceof equipment commonly provided for use by paramedical personnel is a medico-surgical'tube. For example, such tubes are often necessary to restore respiration for one reason or another. These considerations emphasize the need for a simple tube, the location and length of which within living tissue can be readily determined, without irradiating the tissue or utilizing other complex equipment.
Another consideration regarding medico-surgical tubes relates to the electrical characteristics. There is concern both with regard to electrical leakage currents from associated equipment that might endanger a patient and static electricity that may produce a sufficient spark to ignite combustible substances, e.g., gas. Fatal arrhythmias can result from either form of electrical activity. Accordingly, a need exists for a medicosurgical tube, the location of which is readily detectable as indicated above, and additionally which has certain electrical characteristics. Other desirable characteristics for a medico-surgical tube include flexibility and transparency to permit observing the tube interior.
In general, the present invention relates to a medicosurgical tube system whereby the location of a tube within living tissue may be simply, accurately and easily determined. Specifically, the system includes a tube of flexible, transparent imperforate material carrying a strip of continuous or discretely placed segments of magnetic material for actuating a magnetic indicator. In the disclosed embodiments, a strip of magnetic material is provided to extend along the length of the tube and comprises magnetizable material having a remanent magnetic flux density that is relatively high and which is magnetized with a pattern so as to be readily detected outside the living tissue. The magnetizable material may be provided in a form to accomplish desirable electrical characteristics or a separate conductive strip may be provided. The location of the tube is manifest by a movably mounted permanent magnet housed for convenient placement contiguous to the living tissue.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING In the drawing, which constitutes a part of this specification, an exemplary embodiment demonstrating various objectives and features hereof is set forth as follows:
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view illustrative of the use of a system constructed in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of one form oftube structure in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 illustrating an alternative tube construction;
FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 3 illustrating still another alternative tube construction;
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary view similar to FIG. 2 illustrating still a further alternative tube construction;
FIG. 7 is a plan view of an indicator constructed in accordance with the present invention; and
FIG. 8 is a central vertical sectional view taken through the indicator of FIG. 7.
DESCRIPTION OF THE ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENT As required, a detailed illustrative embodiment, deemed to be the best form of the invention for that purpose, is disclosed herein. The embodiment exemplifies the invention which may be constructed in various other forms, some of which may be quite different from the disclosed illustrative embodiment. However, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are representative and in that regard provide a basis for the claims herein which define the scope of the invention.
Referring initially to FIG. 1, a human subject S is suggested along with indications of lungs L and air passages including a right bronchial tube 12, a left bronchial tube 14 and a trachea 16. Also, as indicated in FIG. 1, a medico-surgical tube T is shown passing through the trachea 16 and the right bronchial tube 12 to enter the right lung L. The position of the tube T is indicated by an indicator I which is as illustrated in FIG. 1, located on the chest of the subject S.
In considering an exemplary use of the present system, the tube T is placed within the subject S for the extraction of fluid from the lung cavity. It is to be recognized that the tube hereof is also useful in other ways, e.g., vascular, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and so on. It is apparent that'the tube T may substantially close the receiving bronchial tube, e.g., bronchial tube 12. Frequently, a subject S has lost the use of one lung as a result of the accumulation of fluid. Consequently, if the tube T (being placed for the purpose of removing the fluid) enters the bronchial tube of the single functioning lung, the subject S may lose all breathing capacity.
In accordance with the system of the present invention, the position of the tube T is manifest by the indicator I during the period of insertion. If the tube deviates in an undesired direction, the fact is promptly end and a slight enlargement or flare at the opposed end 22. The taper at the distal end 20 is helpful in probing and additionally is cooperative in interconnecting a series of tubes.
The tube is smooth at both the internal wall 24 (FIG.
' 3) and the external wall 26. Continuing to view the tube in cross section (FIG. 3) a radial segment comprises a strip 28 (FIG. 2) extending the full length of the elongated tube T and fully occupying a space between the internal wall 24 and the external wall 26. The non-strip portion 30 of the tube may be formed of clear or transparent plastic to afford a view of the tube contents or may be radio opaque for X-ray detection. The strip 28 may comprise similar plastic containing a concentration of ferromagnetic particles. For example, fine particles of magnetic material comprising approximately 80 percent nickel and 20 percent iron may be employed to provide a strip with retentive magnetic characteristics. Generally, if the strip 28 is to render the tube T conductive, the concentration of the particles should be relatively high.
In reducing the tube T, extrusion techniques may be employed as to form vinyl plastic material. Such techniques are well known in the plastics industry and are not deemed significant for disclosure herein. After formation of the tube, the strip 28 is magnetized along the entire length of the tube T to attain a dominant magnetic pattern that has a uniform sense. For example, the magnetic pattern may be with the distal end 20 as the north pole of the magnet while the opposed end 22 is magnetized as the south pole. Of course, various magnetizing techniques may be employed to accomplish such a pattern, as for example, placing the ends of the tube T in alignment contiguous to the ends ofa powerful electromagnet so that the strip 28 is an element in a single magnetic circuit and is subjected to considerable magnetic flux.
In using the tube T after magnetization, it is signifcant that the magnetic field provided by the strip 28 as well as the inherent magnetic material in the strip provide the basis for sensing the location of the tube T. The sensor or indicator I as disclosed herein includes a housing 40 (FIG. 6) that is pointed along one plane, however, otherwise is of parallelepiped configuration. The upper surface 42 of the housing 40 provides an instrument display for indicating alignment with or position of the strip 28 in the tube T. As described, the housing 40 is tapered to a point 44 at the forward end. The upper surface 42 defines a window 46 through which a magnet 48 is exhibited. The magnet 48 carries a meter mark 50. Displacement of the meter mark 50 from alignment with an index mark 52 indicates a position of the tube T in the proximity of indicator I.
The magnet 48 in the indicator I is in a toroid form (defining a non-magnetic gap 54) and is concentrically supported by a coil spring 56 the center of which is affixed to a lateral post 58 that is anchored in the housing 40. When the indicator I is independent of substantial magnetic fields (or magnetic medium) the gap 54 is held in a quiescent position substantially as indicated in FIG. 7, resulting in the meter mark 50 (FIG. 6) being aligned with the index mark 52.
In using the indicator I, the bottom surface 60 is usually separated from the strip 28 by a section of living tissue 61. However, upon the flux field of the strip 28 encountering the flux field of the magnet 48, the latter is displaced counterclockwise (as indicated by the arrow 63) toward a position in which the strip 28 would close the non-magnetic gap 54. With such displacement, the meter mark 50 (FIG. 6) is moved forward from the index mark 52 indicating that the strip 28 (and accordingly the tube T) has been sensed. It may, therefore, be seen that the indicator I may be variously moved over the subject S (FIG. 1) to follow or indicate the position of a tube T.
As suggested above, the T may take various forms other than with the strip 28 of magnetic substance. In one alternative construction (FIG. 4) the tube may be a clear, somewhat cylindrical elongated body 65 into which a thin wire 66 of magnetic material is embedded. Additionally, a segmental strip 68 of conductive material, e.g., carbon, extends the full length of the tube T. In such a structure, the transparent body 65 affords a view of the interior of the tube. The wire 66 is magnetized as described, along a single polarity orientation for effective sensing. Thus, the desired electrical characteristic for the tube is provided by the strip 68 which extends completely through the tube and along its entire length.
With regard to small tubes, it may be desirable to provide a somewhat-uniform extrusion of plastic containing a dispersion of magnetic material. A form of such a tube is depicted in FIG. 5 and essentially consists of a homogeneous mixture of particle magnetic material in a carrier, as for example, of plastic.
As still another alternative, the tube may be as illustrated in FIG. 2; however, altered by the magnetic strip being in the form of slugs or segments 71 (FIG. 6). Specifically, the segments 71 are spaced apart by a predetermined distance D so as to provide another source of information in the use of a magnetic detector. Of course, the length of the segments 71 is also predetermined.
Of course, other forms of tubes may be employed in accordance with the teachings hereof to accomplish an effective structure for use within living tissue and which may be simply and easily located to define both position and path. Consequently, the scope hereof shall not be determined with limitations relating to the embodiment set forth herein, rather, however, shall be defined by the claims as set forth below.
What is claimed is:
1. An externally detectable tube structure for use within living tissue, as to establish an access passage comprising:
a seamless elongated tube comprising an integral wall of flexible non-fibrous imperforate material for in sertion into living tissue; and
a quantity of ferromagnetic material disposed within said wall along a substantial length of said tube for magnetic detection at an external location in relation to said living tissue, said material being flexible in said tube, to accommodate flexibility of said tube.
2. A tube structure according to claim 1 wherein said ferromagnetic material is magnetized by domains of a dominant sense of magnetism along the entire substantial length thereof and aligned with said elongated tube.
3. A tube structure according to claim I wherein said ferromagnetic material comprises a continuous strip that extends substantially the full length of said tube.
4. A tube structure according to claim 3 wherein said ferromagnetic material is magnetized by domains of a dominant sense of magnetism and wherein said dominant sense of magnetism aligns to the elongate tube.
5. A tube structure according to claim 1 wherein said ferromagnetic material comprises separate spacedapart segments of particulate material defining a strip.
6. A tube structure according to claim 5 wherein said tube material is transparent and said ferromagnetic material is confined to a defined radial segment in the wall of said tube.
7. A tube structure according to claim 1 wherein said distal end.
Claims (9)
1. An externally detectable tube structure for use within living tissue, as to establish an access passage comprising: a seamless elongated tube comprising an integral wall of flexible non-fibrous imperforate material for insertion into living tissue; and a quantity of ferromagnetic material disposed within said wall along a substantial length of said tube for magnetic detection at an external location in relation to said living tissue, said material being flexible in said tube, to accommodate flexibility of said tube.
2. A tube structure according to claim 1 wherein said ferromagnetic material is magnetized by domains of a dominant sense of magnetism along the entire substantial length thereof and aligned with said elongated tube.
3. A tube structure according to claim 1 wherein said ferromagnetic material comprises a continuous strip that extends substantially the full length of said tube.
4. A tube structure according to claim 3 wherein said ferromagnetic material is magnetized by domains of a dominant sense of magnetism and wherein said dominant sense of magnetism aligns to the elongate tube.
5. A tube structure according to claim 1 wherein said ferromagnetic material comprises separate spaced-apart segments of particulate material defining a strip.
6. A tube structure according to claim 5 wherein said tube material is transparent and said ferromagnetic material is confined to a defined radial segment in the wall of said tube.
7. A tube structure according to claim 1 wherein said ferromagnetic material comprises an integral wire extending along the elongated dimension of said tube.
8. A tube structure according to claim 1 wherein said tube material is transparent and further includes an electrically conductive strip extending substantially the full length of said tube and from the interior to the exterior of the wall of said tube.
9. A tube structure according to claim 1 wherein one end of said tube is of reduced cross section to define a distal end.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US00370900A US3847157A (en) | 1973-06-18 | 1973-06-18 | Medico-surgical tube |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US00370900A US3847157A (en) | 1973-06-18 | 1973-06-18 | Medico-surgical tube |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3847157A true US3847157A (en) | 1974-11-12 |
Family
ID=23461643
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00370900A Expired - Lifetime US3847157A (en) | 1973-06-18 | 1973-06-18 | Medico-surgical tube |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3847157A (en) |
Cited By (101)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4096862A (en) * | 1976-05-17 | 1978-06-27 | Deluca Salvatore A | Locating of tubes in the human body |
US4105732A (en) * | 1975-11-21 | 1978-08-08 | Krandex Corp. | Radiographic opaque and conductive striped medical tubes |
US4162679A (en) * | 1976-09-28 | 1979-07-31 | Reenstierna Erik G B | Method and device for the implantation of one or more pacemaker electrodes in a heart |
US4173228A (en) * | 1977-05-16 | 1979-11-06 | Applied Medical Devices | Catheter locating device |
US4176662A (en) * | 1977-06-17 | 1979-12-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Apparatus for endoscopic examination |
US4279252A (en) * | 1979-08-24 | 1981-07-21 | Martin Michael T | X-ray scaling catheter |
US4572198A (en) * | 1984-06-18 | 1986-02-25 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Catheter for use with NMR imaging systems |
WO1987003465A1 (en) * | 1985-12-09 | 1987-06-18 | Alain Lambert | Ingestable module for the functional exploration of the digestive tract |
WO1987004080A2 (en) * | 1986-01-13 | 1987-07-16 | Donald Bernard Longmore | Surgical catheters |
EP0320623A1 (en) * | 1987-12-14 | 1989-06-21 | Pulsotronic Merten GmbH & Co. KG | Device for determining the position of a catheter or a probe inside a living organ |
US4943770A (en) * | 1987-04-21 | 1990-07-24 | Mccormick Laboratories, Inc. | Device for accurately detecting the position of a ferromagnetic material inside biological tissue |
US5042486A (en) * | 1989-09-29 | 1991-08-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Catheter locatable with non-ionizing field and method for locating same |
US5068886A (en) * | 1990-06-28 | 1991-11-26 | Monica Lavia | Catheter or cannula position indicator for use in hemodynamic monitoring and the like |
US5209730A (en) * | 1989-12-19 | 1993-05-11 | Scimed Life Systems, Inc. | Method for placement of a balloon dilatation catheter across a stenosis and apparatus therefor |
US5209749A (en) * | 1990-05-11 | 1993-05-11 | Applied Urology Inc. | Fluoroscopically alignable cutter assembly and method of using the same |
US5211165A (en) * | 1991-09-03 | 1993-05-18 | General Electric Company | Tracking system to follow the position and orientation of a device with radiofrequency field gradients |
US5251635A (en) * | 1991-09-03 | 1993-10-12 | General Electric Company | Stereoscopic X-ray fluoroscopy system using radiofrequency fields |
US5255680A (en) * | 1991-09-03 | 1993-10-26 | General Electric Company | Automatic gantry positioning for imaging systems |
US5257636A (en) * | 1991-04-02 | 1993-11-02 | Steven J. White | Apparatus for determining position of an endothracheal tube |
US5265610A (en) * | 1991-09-03 | 1993-11-30 | General Electric Company | Multi-planar X-ray fluoroscopy system using radiofrequency fields |
WO1994003110A1 (en) * | 1992-07-30 | 1994-02-17 | Rammler David H | Catheter track and catheter for diagnosis and treatment |
US5377678A (en) * | 1991-09-03 | 1995-01-03 | General Electric Company | Tracking system to follow the position and orientation of a device with radiofrequency fields |
WO1995008130A1 (en) * | 1993-09-14 | 1995-03-23 | University Of Washington | Apparatus and method for locating a medical tube in the body of a patient |
US5431640A (en) * | 1994-11-09 | 1995-07-11 | The Medical Center Of Central Georgia | Method and apparatus for duodenal intubation of a patient |
US5437290A (en) * | 1991-09-06 | 1995-08-01 | Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Jr. University | System and method for monitoring intraluminal device position |
US5533957A (en) * | 1994-05-06 | 1996-07-09 | Trustees Of Boston University | Method of tissue retroperfusion |
US5558091A (en) * | 1993-10-06 | 1996-09-24 | Biosense, Inc. | Magnetic determination of position and orientation |
US5645065A (en) * | 1991-09-04 | 1997-07-08 | Navion Biomedical Corporation | Catheter depth, position and orientation location system |
WO1997048438A2 (en) * | 1996-06-17 | 1997-12-24 | Lucent Medical Systems, Inc. | Medical tube for insertion and detection within the body of a patient |
WO1997049445A1 (en) * | 1996-06-27 | 1997-12-31 | Lucent Medical Systems, Inc. | Tracheal tube and methods related thereto |
US5830155A (en) * | 1995-10-27 | 1998-11-03 | Cordis Corporation | Guidewire assembly |
US5836892A (en) * | 1995-10-30 | 1998-11-17 | Cordis Corporation | Guidewire with radiopaque markers |
WO1999056813A1 (en) | 1998-05-05 | 1999-11-11 | Sabry Gabriel | Method and apparatus for intubation of a patient |
US6129668A (en) * | 1997-05-08 | 2000-10-10 | Lucent Medical Systems, Inc. | System and method to determine the location and orientation of an indwelling medical device |
US6173715B1 (en) | 1999-03-01 | 2001-01-16 | Lucent Medical Systems, Inc. | Magnetic anatomical marker and method of use |
US6216028B1 (en) | 1997-05-08 | 2001-04-10 | Lucent Medical Systems, Inc. | Method to determine the location and orientation of an indwelling medical device |
US6263230B1 (en) | 1997-05-08 | 2001-07-17 | Lucent Medical Systems, Inc. | System and method to determine the location and orientation of an indwelling medical device |
US6370224B1 (en) | 1998-06-29 | 2002-04-09 | Sofamor Danek Group, Inc. | System and methods for the reduction and elimination of image artifacts in the calibration of x-ray imagers |
US20030055449A1 (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2003-03-20 | Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. | MRI visible catheter balloon |
US6725080B2 (en) | 2000-03-01 | 2004-04-20 | Surgical Navigation Technologies, Inc. | Multiple cannula image guided tool for image guided procedures |
US6990368B2 (en) | 2002-04-04 | 2006-01-24 | Surgical Navigation Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for virtual digital subtraction angiography |
US7033325B1 (en) | 1989-12-19 | 2006-04-25 | Scimed Life Systems, Inc. | Guidewire with multiple radiopaque marker sections |
US20070049846A1 (en) * | 2005-08-24 | 2007-03-01 | C.R.Bard, Inc. | Stylet Apparatuses and Methods of Manufacture |
US20090062772A1 (en) * | 2007-08-30 | 2009-03-05 | Syncro Medical Innovations, Inc. | Guided catheter with removable magnetic guide |
US7525309B2 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2009-04-28 | Depuy Products, Inc. | Magnetic sensor array |
US7561051B1 (en) | 2005-04-20 | 2009-07-14 | Creare Inc. | Magnet locating apparatus and method of locating a magnet using such apparatus |
US20100094116A1 (en) * | 2008-10-07 | 2010-04-15 | Lucent Medical Systems, Inc. | Percutaneous magnetic gastrostomy |
US20100145147A1 (en) * | 2008-09-02 | 2010-06-10 | Syncro Medical Innovations, Inc. | Magnetic device for guiding catheter and method of use therefor |
US20100204569A1 (en) * | 2007-11-26 | 2010-08-12 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | System for placement of a catheter including a signal-generating stylet |
US7794407B2 (en) | 2006-10-23 | 2010-09-14 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Method of locating the tip of a central venous catheter |
US20100318026A1 (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2010-12-16 | Romedex International Srl | Devices and Methods for Endovascular Electrography |
US20100317981A1 (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2010-12-16 | Romedex International Srl | Catheter Tip Positioning Method |
US20110015533A1 (en) * | 2007-11-26 | 2011-01-20 | C.R. Bard, Inc. | Stylets for use with apparatus for intravascular placement of a catheter |
US20110196248A1 (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2011-08-11 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Apparatus and method for catheter navigation and tip location |
US8068648B2 (en) | 2006-12-21 | 2011-11-29 | Depuy Products, Inc. | Method and system for registering a bone of a patient with a computer assisted orthopaedic surgery system |
US8388541B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2013-03-05 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Integrated system for intravascular placement of a catheter |
US8388546B2 (en) | 2006-10-23 | 2013-03-05 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Method of locating the tip of a central venous catheter |
US8478382B2 (en) | 2008-02-11 | 2013-07-02 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Systems and methods for positioning a catheter |
USD699359S1 (en) | 2011-08-09 | 2014-02-11 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Ultrasound probe head |
US8801693B2 (en) | 2010-10-29 | 2014-08-12 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Bioimpedance-assisted placement of a medical device |
US8849382B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2014-09-30 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Apparatus and display methods relating to intravascular placement of a catheter |
US8862200B2 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2014-10-14 | DePuy Synthes Products, LLC | Method for determining a position of a magnetic source |
USD724745S1 (en) | 2011-08-09 | 2015-03-17 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Cap for an ultrasound probe |
US9211107B2 (en) | 2011-11-07 | 2015-12-15 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Ruggedized ultrasound hydrogel insert |
US9456766B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2016-10-04 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Apparatus for use with needle insertion guidance system |
US9492097B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2016-11-15 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Needle length determination and calibration for insertion guidance system |
US9521961B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2016-12-20 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Systems and methods for guiding a medical instrument |
US9532724B2 (en) | 2009-06-12 | 2017-01-03 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Apparatus and method for catheter navigation using endovascular energy mapping |
US9554716B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2017-01-31 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Insertion guidance system for needles and medical components |
US9649048B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2017-05-16 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Systems and methods for breaching a sterile field for intravascular placement of a catheter |
US20170333655A1 (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2017-11-23 | Alaaeldin Soliman | Endotracheal tube probe |
US9839372B2 (en) | 2014-02-06 | 2017-12-12 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Systems and methods for guidance and placement of an intravascular device |
US9901714B2 (en) | 2008-08-22 | 2018-02-27 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Catheter assembly including ECG sensor and magnetic assemblies |
US10039920B1 (en) | 2017-08-02 | 2018-08-07 | Lungpacer Medical, Inc. | Systems and methods for intravascular catheter positioning and/or nerve stimulation |
US10046139B2 (en) | 2010-08-20 | 2018-08-14 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Reconfirmation of ECG-assisted catheter tip placement |
US10293164B2 (en) | 2017-05-26 | 2019-05-21 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Apparatus and methods for assisted breathing by transvascular nerve stimulation |
US10349890B2 (en) | 2015-06-26 | 2019-07-16 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Connector interface for ECG-based catheter positioning system |
US10391314B2 (en) | 2014-01-21 | 2019-08-27 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Systems and related methods for optimization of multi-electrode nerve pacing |
US10406367B2 (en) | 2012-06-21 | 2019-09-10 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Transvascular diaphragm pacing system and methods of use |
US10449330B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2019-10-22 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Magnetic element-equipped needle assemblies |
US10512772B2 (en) | 2012-03-05 | 2019-12-24 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Transvascular nerve stimulation apparatus and methods |
US10524691B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2020-01-07 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Needle assembly including an aligned magnetic element |
US10561843B2 (en) | 2007-01-29 | 2020-02-18 | Lungpacer Medical, Inc. | Transvascular nerve stimulation apparatus and methods |
EP3060138B1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2020-04-22 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Surgical tool systems |
US10639008B2 (en) | 2009-10-08 | 2020-05-05 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Support and cover structures for an ultrasound probe head |
US10751509B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2020-08-25 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Iconic representations for guidance of an indwelling medical device |
US10820885B2 (en) | 2012-06-15 | 2020-11-03 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Apparatus and methods for detection of a removable cap on an ultrasound probe |
US10940308B2 (en) | 2017-08-04 | 2021-03-09 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Systems and methods for trans-esophageal sympathetic ganglion recruitment |
US10973584B2 (en) | 2015-01-19 | 2021-04-13 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Device and method for vascular access |
US10987511B2 (en) | 2018-11-08 | 2021-04-27 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Stimulation systems and related user interfaces |
US10992079B2 (en) | 2018-10-16 | 2021-04-27 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Safety-equipped connection systems and methods thereof for establishing electrical connections |
US20210121675A1 (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2021-04-29 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Systems, Devices, and Methods For Thrombolysis |
US11000207B2 (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2021-05-11 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Multiple coil system for tracking a medical device |
US11103213B2 (en) | 2009-10-08 | 2021-08-31 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Spacers for use with an ultrasound probe |
US11357979B2 (en) | 2019-05-16 | 2022-06-14 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Systems and methods for sensing and stimulation |
US11369410B2 (en) | 2017-04-27 | 2022-06-28 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Magnetizing system for needle assemblies including orientation key system for positioning needle tray in magnetizer |
US11576860B2 (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2023-02-14 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Retrieval systems and related methods |
US11707619B2 (en) | 2013-11-22 | 2023-07-25 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Apparatus and methods for assisted breathing by transvascular nerve stimulation |
US11771900B2 (en) | 2019-06-12 | 2023-10-03 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Circuitry for medical stimulation systems |
US11883658B2 (en) | 2017-06-30 | 2024-01-30 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Devices and methods for prevention, moderation, and/or treatment of cognitive injury |
US11911140B2 (en) | 2020-11-09 | 2024-02-27 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Medical device magnetizer |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2857915A (en) * | 1956-04-02 | 1958-10-28 | David S Sheridan | X-ray catheter |
US3043309A (en) * | 1959-09-29 | 1962-07-10 | Avco Corp | Method of performing intestinal intubation |
US3070132A (en) * | 1960-04-06 | 1962-12-25 | David S Sheridan | Non-sparking medico-surgical tubes |
US3358676A (en) * | 1962-11-30 | 1967-12-19 | Yeda Res & Dev | Magnetic propulsion of diagnostic or therapeutic elements through the body ducts of animal or human patients |
US3674014A (en) * | 1969-10-28 | 1972-07-04 | Astra Meditec Ab | Magnetically guidable catheter-tip and method |
-
1973
- 1973-06-18 US US00370900A patent/US3847157A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2857915A (en) * | 1956-04-02 | 1958-10-28 | David S Sheridan | X-ray catheter |
US3043309A (en) * | 1959-09-29 | 1962-07-10 | Avco Corp | Method of performing intestinal intubation |
US3070132A (en) * | 1960-04-06 | 1962-12-25 | David S Sheridan | Non-sparking medico-surgical tubes |
US3358676A (en) * | 1962-11-30 | 1967-12-19 | Yeda Res & Dev | Magnetic propulsion of diagnostic or therapeutic elements through the body ducts of animal or human patients |
US3674014A (en) * | 1969-10-28 | 1972-07-04 | Astra Meditec Ab | Magnetically guidable catheter-tip and method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
RCA Tech. Notes, June 1966, RCA TN No. 675, Morey * |
Cited By (178)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4105732A (en) * | 1975-11-21 | 1978-08-08 | Krandex Corp. | Radiographic opaque and conductive striped medical tubes |
US4096862A (en) * | 1976-05-17 | 1978-06-27 | Deluca Salvatore A | Locating of tubes in the human body |
US4162679A (en) * | 1976-09-28 | 1979-07-31 | Reenstierna Erik G B | Method and device for the implantation of one or more pacemaker electrodes in a heart |
US4173228A (en) * | 1977-05-16 | 1979-11-06 | Applied Medical Devices | Catheter locating device |
US4176662A (en) * | 1977-06-17 | 1979-12-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Apparatus for endoscopic examination |
US4279252A (en) * | 1979-08-24 | 1981-07-21 | Martin Michael T | X-ray scaling catheter |
US4572198A (en) * | 1984-06-18 | 1986-02-25 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Catheter for use with NMR imaging systems |
WO1987003465A1 (en) * | 1985-12-09 | 1987-06-18 | Alain Lambert | Ingestable module for the functional exploration of the digestive tract |
US4827931A (en) * | 1986-01-13 | 1989-05-09 | Longmore Donald B | Surgical catheters with suturing device and NMR opaque material |
WO1987004080A3 (en) * | 1986-01-13 | 1987-08-13 | Donald Bernard Longmore | Surgical catheters |
WO1987004080A2 (en) * | 1986-01-13 | 1987-07-16 | Donald Bernard Longmore | Surgical catheters |
US4943770A (en) * | 1987-04-21 | 1990-07-24 | Mccormick Laboratories, Inc. | Device for accurately detecting the position of a ferromagnetic material inside biological tissue |
EP0320623A1 (en) * | 1987-12-14 | 1989-06-21 | Pulsotronic Merten GmbH & Co. KG | Device for determining the position of a catheter or a probe inside a living organ |
US5042486A (en) * | 1989-09-29 | 1991-08-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Catheter locatable with non-ionizing field and method for locating same |
US5209730A (en) * | 1989-12-19 | 1993-05-11 | Scimed Life Systems, Inc. | Method for placement of a balloon dilatation catheter across a stenosis and apparatus therefor |
US6179788B1 (en) | 1989-12-19 | 2001-01-30 | Scimed Life Systems, Inc. | Guide wire with multiple radiopaque sections and method of use |
US7033325B1 (en) | 1989-12-19 | 2006-04-25 | Scimed Life Systems, Inc. | Guidewire with multiple radiopaque marker sections |
US5209749A (en) * | 1990-05-11 | 1993-05-11 | Applied Urology Inc. | Fluoroscopically alignable cutter assembly and method of using the same |
US5068886A (en) * | 1990-06-28 | 1991-11-26 | Monica Lavia | Catheter or cannula position indicator for use in hemodynamic monitoring and the like |
US5257636A (en) * | 1991-04-02 | 1993-11-02 | Steven J. White | Apparatus for determining position of an endothracheal tube |
US5251635A (en) * | 1991-09-03 | 1993-10-12 | General Electric Company | Stereoscopic X-ray fluoroscopy system using radiofrequency fields |
US5265610A (en) * | 1991-09-03 | 1993-11-30 | General Electric Company | Multi-planar X-ray fluoroscopy system using radiofrequency fields |
US5377678A (en) * | 1991-09-03 | 1995-01-03 | General Electric Company | Tracking system to follow the position and orientation of a device with radiofrequency fields |
US5255680A (en) * | 1991-09-03 | 1993-10-26 | General Electric Company | Automatic gantry positioning for imaging systems |
US5211165A (en) * | 1991-09-03 | 1993-05-18 | General Electric Company | Tracking system to follow the position and orientation of a device with radiofrequency field gradients |
US5645065A (en) * | 1991-09-04 | 1997-07-08 | Navion Biomedical Corporation | Catheter depth, position and orientation location system |
US5437290A (en) * | 1991-09-06 | 1995-08-01 | Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Jr. University | System and method for monitoring intraluminal device position |
WO1994003110A1 (en) * | 1992-07-30 | 1994-02-17 | Rammler David H | Catheter track and catheter for diagnosis and treatment |
WO1995008130A1 (en) * | 1993-09-14 | 1995-03-23 | University Of Washington | Apparatus and method for locating a medical tube in the body of a patient |
AU689136B2 (en) * | 1993-09-14 | 1998-03-26 | University Of Washington | Apparatus and method for locating a medical tube in the body of a patient |
AU716011B2 (en) * | 1993-09-14 | 2000-02-17 | University Of Washington | A medical tube enabling detection of a location thereof in the body of a patient |
US5558091A (en) * | 1993-10-06 | 1996-09-24 | Biosense, Inc. | Magnetic determination of position and orientation |
US5833608A (en) * | 1993-10-06 | 1998-11-10 | Biosense, Inc. | Magnetic determination of position and orientation |
US6427314B1 (en) | 1993-10-06 | 2002-08-06 | Biosense, Inc. | Magnetic determination of position and orientation |
US5597377A (en) * | 1994-05-06 | 1997-01-28 | Trustees Of Boston University | Coronary sinus reperfusion catheter |
US5533957A (en) * | 1994-05-06 | 1996-07-09 | Trustees Of Boston University | Method of tissue retroperfusion |
US5431640A (en) * | 1994-11-09 | 1995-07-11 | The Medical Center Of Central Georgia | Method and apparatus for duodenal intubation of a patient |
US5830155A (en) * | 1995-10-27 | 1998-11-03 | Cordis Corporation | Guidewire assembly |
US5836892A (en) * | 1995-10-30 | 1998-11-17 | Cordis Corporation | Guidewire with radiopaque markers |
WO1997048438A3 (en) * | 1996-06-17 | 1998-03-19 | Lucent Medical Systems Inc | Medical tube for insertion and detection within the body of a patient |
WO1997048438A2 (en) * | 1996-06-17 | 1997-12-24 | Lucent Medical Systems, Inc. | Medical tube for insertion and detection within the body of a patient |
US20030040671A1 (en) * | 1996-06-17 | 2003-02-27 | Somogyi Christopher P. | Medical tube for insertion and detection within the body of a patient |
JP2000512873A (en) * | 1996-06-17 | 2000-10-03 | ルーセント メディカル システムズ,インコーポレイテッド | Medical tube inserted and detected in the patient's body |
WO1997049445A1 (en) * | 1996-06-27 | 1997-12-31 | Lucent Medical Systems, Inc. | Tracheal tube and methods related thereto |
US6129668A (en) * | 1997-05-08 | 2000-10-10 | Lucent Medical Systems, Inc. | System and method to determine the location and orientation of an indwelling medical device |
US6216028B1 (en) | 1997-05-08 | 2001-04-10 | Lucent Medical Systems, Inc. | Method to determine the location and orientation of an indwelling medical device |
US6263230B1 (en) | 1997-05-08 | 2001-07-17 | Lucent Medical Systems, Inc. | System and method to determine the location and orientation of an indwelling medical device |
WO1999056813A1 (en) | 1998-05-05 | 1999-11-11 | Sabry Gabriel | Method and apparatus for intubation of a patient |
US6370224B1 (en) | 1998-06-29 | 2002-04-09 | Sofamor Danek Group, Inc. | System and methods for the reduction and elimination of image artifacts in the calibration of x-ray imagers |
US6173715B1 (en) | 1999-03-01 | 2001-01-16 | Lucent Medical Systems, Inc. | Magnetic anatomical marker and method of use |
US10898153B2 (en) | 2000-03-01 | 2021-01-26 | Medtronic Navigation, Inc. | Multiple cannula image guided tool for image guided procedures |
US7881770B2 (en) | 2000-03-01 | 2011-02-01 | Medtronic Navigation, Inc. | Multiple cannula image guided tool for image guided procedures |
US6725080B2 (en) | 2000-03-01 | 2004-04-20 | Surgical Navigation Technologies, Inc. | Multiple cannula image guided tool for image guided procedures |
US20050215885A1 (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2005-09-29 | Lee Jeong S | MRI visible catheter balloon |
US20080021495A1 (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2008-01-24 | Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. | Mri visible catheter balloon |
US20030055449A1 (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2003-03-20 | Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. | MRI visible catheter balloon |
US6911017B2 (en) | 2001-09-19 | 2005-06-28 | Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. | MRI visible catheter balloon |
US6990368B2 (en) | 2002-04-04 | 2006-01-24 | Surgical Navigation Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for virtual digital subtraction angiography |
US8838199B2 (en) | 2002-04-04 | 2014-09-16 | Medtronic Navigation, Inc. | Method and apparatus for virtual digital subtraction angiography |
US7561051B1 (en) | 2005-04-20 | 2009-07-14 | Creare Inc. | Magnet locating apparatus and method of locating a magnet using such apparatus |
US20070049846A1 (en) * | 2005-08-24 | 2007-03-01 | C.R.Bard, Inc. | Stylet Apparatuses and Methods of Manufacture |
US10004875B2 (en) | 2005-08-24 | 2018-06-26 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Stylet apparatuses and methods of manufacture |
US8784336B2 (en) | 2005-08-24 | 2014-07-22 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Stylet apparatuses and methods of manufacture |
US11207496B2 (en) | 2005-08-24 | 2021-12-28 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Stylet apparatuses and methods of manufacture |
US20090189603A1 (en) * | 2005-12-30 | 2009-07-30 | Sherman Jason T | Magnetic sensor array |
US8148978B2 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2012-04-03 | Depuy Products, Inc. | Magnetic sensor array |
US8862200B2 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2014-10-14 | DePuy Synthes Products, LLC | Method for determining a position of a magnetic source |
US7525309B2 (en) | 2005-12-30 | 2009-04-28 | Depuy Products, Inc. | Magnetic sensor array |
US9833169B2 (en) | 2006-10-23 | 2017-12-05 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Method of locating the tip of a central venous catheter |
US20100331712A1 (en) * | 2006-10-23 | 2010-12-30 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Method of locating the tip of a central venous catheter |
US9265443B2 (en) | 2006-10-23 | 2016-02-23 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Method of locating the tip of a central venous catheter |
US9345422B2 (en) | 2006-10-23 | 2016-05-24 | Bard Acess Systems, Inc. | Method of locating the tip of a central venous catheter |
US8858455B2 (en) | 2006-10-23 | 2014-10-14 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Method of locating the tip of a central venous catheter |
US8388546B2 (en) | 2006-10-23 | 2013-03-05 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Method of locating the tip of a central venous catheter |
US7794407B2 (en) | 2006-10-23 | 2010-09-14 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Method of locating the tip of a central venous catheter |
US8774907B2 (en) | 2006-10-23 | 2014-07-08 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Method of locating the tip of a central venous catheter |
US8512256B2 (en) | 2006-10-23 | 2013-08-20 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Method of locating the tip of a central venous catheter |
US8068648B2 (en) | 2006-12-21 | 2011-11-29 | Depuy Products, Inc. | Method and system for registering a bone of a patient with a computer assisted orthopaedic surgery system |
US10792499B2 (en) | 2007-01-29 | 2020-10-06 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Transvascular nerve stimulation apparatus and methods |
US10864374B2 (en) | 2007-01-29 | 2020-12-15 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Transvascular nerve stimulation apparatus and methods |
US10765867B2 (en) | 2007-01-29 | 2020-09-08 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Transvascular nerve stimulation apparatus and methods |
US11027130B2 (en) | 2007-01-29 | 2021-06-08 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Transvascular nerve stimulation apparatus and methods |
US10561843B2 (en) | 2007-01-29 | 2020-02-18 | Lungpacer Medical, Inc. | Transvascular nerve stimulation apparatus and methods |
US20090062772A1 (en) * | 2007-08-30 | 2009-03-05 | Syncro Medical Innovations, Inc. | Guided catheter with removable magnetic guide |
US20100204569A1 (en) * | 2007-11-26 | 2010-08-12 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | System for placement of a catheter including a signal-generating stylet |
US9554716B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2017-01-31 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Insertion guidance system for needles and medical components |
US10449330B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2019-10-22 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Magnetic element-equipped needle assemblies |
US10238418B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2019-03-26 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Apparatus for use with needle insertion guidance system |
US11123099B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2021-09-21 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Apparatus for use with needle insertion guidance system |
US10342575B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2019-07-09 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Apparatus for use with needle insertion guidance system |
US11134915B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2021-10-05 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | System for placement of a catheter including a signal-generating stylet |
US10524691B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2020-01-07 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Needle assembly including an aligned magnetic element |
US10231753B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2019-03-19 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Insertion guidance system for needles and medical components |
US10966630B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2021-04-06 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Integrated system for intravascular placement of a catheter |
US8781555B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2014-07-15 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | System for placement of a catheter including a signal-generating stylet |
US11779240B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2023-10-10 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Systems and methods for breaching a sterile field for intravascular placement of a catheter |
US11707205B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2023-07-25 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Integrated system for intravascular placement of a catheter |
US9456766B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2016-10-04 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Apparatus for use with needle insertion guidance system |
US9492097B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2016-11-15 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Needle length determination and calibration for insertion guidance system |
US9521961B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2016-12-20 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Systems and methods for guiding a medical instrument |
US9526440B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2016-12-27 | C.R. Bard, Inc. | System for placement of a catheter including a signal-generating stylet |
US10849695B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2020-12-01 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Systems and methods for breaching a sterile field for intravascular placement of a catheter |
US9549685B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2017-01-24 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Apparatus and display methods relating to intravascular placement of a catheter |
US8849382B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2014-09-30 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Apparatus and display methods relating to intravascular placement of a catheter |
US9636031B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2017-05-02 | C.R. Bard, Inc. | Stylets for use with apparatus for intravascular placement of a catheter |
US9649048B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2017-05-16 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Systems and methods for breaching a sterile field for intravascular placement of a catheter |
US9681823B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2017-06-20 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Integrated system for intravascular placement of a catheter |
US10165962B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2019-01-01 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Integrated systems for intravascular placement of a catheter |
US8388541B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2013-03-05 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Integrated system for intravascular placement of a catheter |
US11529070B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2022-12-20 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | System and methods for guiding a medical instrument |
US10105121B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2018-10-23 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | System for placement of a catheter including a signal-generating stylet |
US10602958B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2020-03-31 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Systems and methods for guiding a medical instrument |
US9999371B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2018-06-19 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Integrated system for intravascular placement of a catheter |
US20110015533A1 (en) * | 2007-11-26 | 2011-01-20 | C.R. Bard, Inc. | Stylets for use with apparatus for intravascular placement of a catheter |
US10751509B2 (en) | 2007-11-26 | 2020-08-25 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Iconic representations for guidance of an indwelling medical device |
US8478382B2 (en) | 2008-02-11 | 2013-07-02 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Systems and methods for positioning a catheter |
US8971994B2 (en) | 2008-02-11 | 2015-03-03 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Systems and methods for positioning a catheter |
US9901714B2 (en) | 2008-08-22 | 2018-02-27 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Catheter assembly including ECG sensor and magnetic assemblies |
US11027101B2 (en) | 2008-08-22 | 2021-06-08 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Catheter assembly including ECG sensor and magnetic assemblies |
US20100145147A1 (en) * | 2008-09-02 | 2010-06-10 | Syncro Medical Innovations, Inc. | Magnetic device for guiding catheter and method of use therefor |
US9907513B2 (en) | 2008-10-07 | 2018-03-06 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Percutaneous magnetic gastrostomy |
US8437833B2 (en) | 2008-10-07 | 2013-05-07 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Percutaneous magnetic gastrostomy |
US20100094116A1 (en) * | 2008-10-07 | 2010-04-15 | Lucent Medical Systems, Inc. | Percutaneous magnetic gastrostomy |
US9125578B2 (en) | 2009-06-12 | 2015-09-08 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Apparatus and method for catheter navigation and tip location |
US20100318026A1 (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2010-12-16 | Romedex International Srl | Devices and Methods for Endovascular Electrography |
US9445734B2 (en) | 2009-06-12 | 2016-09-20 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Devices and methods for endovascular electrography |
US9532724B2 (en) | 2009-06-12 | 2017-01-03 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Apparatus and method for catheter navigation using endovascular energy mapping |
US10912488B2 (en) | 2009-06-12 | 2021-02-09 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Apparatus and method for catheter navigation and tip location |
US10271762B2 (en) | 2009-06-12 | 2019-04-30 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Apparatus and method for catheter navigation using endovascular energy mapping |
US20100317981A1 (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2010-12-16 | Romedex International Srl | Catheter Tip Positioning Method |
US10231643B2 (en) | 2009-06-12 | 2019-03-19 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Apparatus and method for catheter navigation and tip location |
US20110196248A1 (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2011-08-11 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Apparatus and method for catheter navigation and tip location |
US9339206B2 (en) | 2009-06-12 | 2016-05-17 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Adaptor for endovascular electrocardiography |
US11419517B2 (en) | 2009-06-12 | 2022-08-23 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Apparatus and method for catheter navigation using endovascular energy mapping |
US10639008B2 (en) | 2009-10-08 | 2020-05-05 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Support and cover structures for an ultrasound probe head |
US11103213B2 (en) | 2009-10-08 | 2021-08-31 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Spacers for use with an ultrasound probe |
US10046139B2 (en) | 2010-08-20 | 2018-08-14 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Reconfirmation of ECG-assisted catheter tip placement |
US9415188B2 (en) | 2010-10-29 | 2016-08-16 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Bioimpedance-assisted placement of a medical device |
US8801693B2 (en) | 2010-10-29 | 2014-08-12 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Bioimpedance-assisted placement of a medical device |
USD754357S1 (en) | 2011-08-09 | 2016-04-19 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Ultrasound probe head |
USD724745S1 (en) | 2011-08-09 | 2015-03-17 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Cap for an ultrasound probe |
USD699359S1 (en) | 2011-08-09 | 2014-02-11 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Ultrasound probe head |
US9211107B2 (en) | 2011-11-07 | 2015-12-15 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Ruggedized ultrasound hydrogel insert |
US11369787B2 (en) | 2012-03-05 | 2022-06-28 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Transvascular nerve stimulation apparatus and methods |
US10512772B2 (en) | 2012-03-05 | 2019-12-24 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Transvascular nerve stimulation apparatus and methods |
US10820885B2 (en) | 2012-06-15 | 2020-11-03 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Apparatus and methods for detection of a removable cap on an ultrasound probe |
US10561844B2 (en) | 2012-06-21 | 2020-02-18 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Diaphragm pacing systems and methods of use |
US10589097B2 (en) | 2012-06-21 | 2020-03-17 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Transvascular diaphragm pacing systems and methods of use |
US11357985B2 (en) | 2012-06-21 | 2022-06-14 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Transvascular diaphragm pacing systems and methods of use |
US10406367B2 (en) | 2012-06-21 | 2019-09-10 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Transvascular diaphragm pacing system and methods of use |
EP3060138B1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2020-04-22 | Globus Medical, Inc. | Surgical tool systems |
US11707619B2 (en) | 2013-11-22 | 2023-07-25 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Apparatus and methods for assisted breathing by transvascular nerve stimulation |
US10391314B2 (en) | 2014-01-21 | 2019-08-27 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Systems and related methods for optimization of multi-electrode nerve pacing |
US11311730B2 (en) | 2014-01-21 | 2022-04-26 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Systems and related methods for optimization of multi-electrode nerve pacing |
US10863920B2 (en) | 2014-02-06 | 2020-12-15 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Systems and methods for guidance and placement of an intravascular device |
US9839372B2 (en) | 2014-02-06 | 2017-12-12 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Systems and methods for guidance and placement of an intravascular device |
US10973584B2 (en) | 2015-01-19 | 2021-04-13 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Device and method for vascular access |
US11026630B2 (en) | 2015-06-26 | 2021-06-08 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Connector interface for ECG-based catheter positioning system |
US10349890B2 (en) | 2015-06-26 | 2019-07-16 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Connector interface for ECG-based catheter positioning system |
US11000207B2 (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2021-05-11 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Multiple coil system for tracking a medical device |
US20170333655A1 (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2017-11-23 | Alaaeldin Soliman | Endotracheal tube probe |
US11369410B2 (en) | 2017-04-27 | 2022-06-28 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Magnetizing system for needle assemblies including orientation key system for positioning needle tray in magnetizer |
US10293164B2 (en) | 2017-05-26 | 2019-05-21 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Apparatus and methods for assisted breathing by transvascular nerve stimulation |
US11883658B2 (en) | 2017-06-30 | 2024-01-30 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Devices and methods for prevention, moderation, and/or treatment of cognitive injury |
US10195429B1 (en) | 2017-08-02 | 2019-02-05 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Systems and methods for intravascular catheter positioning and/or nerve stimulation |
US10926087B2 (en) | 2017-08-02 | 2021-02-23 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Systems and methods for intravascular catheter positioning and/or nerve stimulation |
US10039920B1 (en) | 2017-08-02 | 2018-08-07 | Lungpacer Medical, Inc. | Systems and methods for intravascular catheter positioning and/or nerve stimulation |
US10940308B2 (en) | 2017-08-04 | 2021-03-09 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Systems and methods for trans-esophageal sympathetic ganglion recruitment |
US11576860B2 (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2023-02-14 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Retrieval systems and related methods |
US11621518B2 (en) | 2018-10-16 | 2023-04-04 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Safety-equipped connection systems and methods thereof for establishing electrical connections |
US10992079B2 (en) | 2018-10-16 | 2021-04-27 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Safety-equipped connection systems and methods thereof for establishing electrical connections |
US10987511B2 (en) | 2018-11-08 | 2021-04-27 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Stimulation systems and related user interfaces |
US11717673B2 (en) | 2018-11-08 | 2023-08-08 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Stimulation systems and related user interfaces |
US11890462B2 (en) | 2018-11-08 | 2024-02-06 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Stimulation systems and related user interfaces |
US11357979B2 (en) | 2019-05-16 | 2022-06-14 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Systems and methods for sensing and stimulation |
US11771900B2 (en) | 2019-06-12 | 2023-10-03 | Lungpacer Medical Inc. | Circuitry for medical stimulation systems |
US20210121675A1 (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2021-04-29 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Systems, Devices, and Methods For Thrombolysis |
US11911140B2 (en) | 2020-11-09 | 2024-02-27 | Bard Access Systems, Inc. | Medical device magnetizer |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3847157A (en) | Medico-surgical tube | |
US5431640A (en) | Method and apparatus for duodenal intubation of a patient | |
US5257636A (en) | Apparatus for determining position of an endothracheal tube | |
US4063561A (en) | Direction control device for endotracheal tube | |
EP0719420B1 (en) | Apparatus and method for locating a medical tube in the body of a patient | |
CN109414569B (en) | Magnetized catheter, device, use and method of using a magnetized catheter | |
US5775322A (en) | Tracheal tube and methods related thereto | |
US3587583A (en) | Surgical sponge with magnetized means | |
US3422816A (en) | Surgical dressing | |
US20110031961A1 (en) | Endotracheal tube sensor | |
US20030040671A1 (en) | Medical tube for insertion and detection within the body of a patient | |
EP1308126A2 (en) | Apparatus and method for detecting magnetic fluid | |
Schlesinger | Clearance from the respiratory tract | |
JP5924641B2 (en) | Medical tube tip position detection system and medical tube applied to the system | |
Kolin | A new approach to electromagnetic blood flow determination by means of catheter in an external magnetic field | |
CA2331129C (en) | Method and apparatus for intubation of a patient | |
Stratbucker et al. | The magnetocardiogram-a new approach to the fields surrounding the heart | |
ES2946136T3 (en) | Dual mode marker and tracer detection system | |
CA2160512C (en) | Method and apparatus for duodenal intubation of a patient | |
Kolin | Approaches to blood-flow measurement by means of electromagnetic catheter flow meters | |
EP1372479A1 (en) | Determining the position of a surgical probe | |
SU864187A1 (en) | Sensor of alternate electric fields of conductiance currents | |
SU1273057A1 (en) | Apparatus for rheography of prostate | |
SU769331A1 (en) | Differential transformer sensor | |
Brauer et al. | Reconstruction of low frequency currents |