US3803418A - X-ray device for investigation of skulls - Google Patents

X-ray device for investigation of skulls Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3803418A
US3803418A US00269333A US26933372A US3803418A US 3803418 A US3803418 A US 3803418A US 00269333 A US00269333 A US 00269333A US 26933372 A US26933372 A US 26933372A US 3803418 A US3803418 A US 3803418A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
ray tube
arm
ray
examined
cassette
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00269333A
Inventor
L Holstrom
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3803418A publication Critical patent/US3803418A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/08Auxiliary means for directing the radiation beam to a particular spot, e.g. using light beams
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/04Positioning of patients; Tiltable beds or the like
    • A61B6/0487Motor-assisted positioning
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/44Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4429Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units
    • A61B6/4464Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units the source unit or the detector unit being mounted to ceiling
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/50Clinical applications
    • A61B6/501Clinical applications involving diagnosis of head, e.g. neuroimaging, craniography

Definitions

  • An X-ray device for investigation of skulls has a support for the patient and an X-ray tube image layer unit which is movable relatively thereto in such manner that the object being examined, namely-a skull, can be introduced into the ray flow and fixed.
  • Holstrom Apr. 9, 1974 X-RAY DEVICE FOR INVESTIGATION OF unit consists, on the one hand, of a U-shaped swing SKULLS able arm having, one arm portion carrying an X-ray tube-with a light sight provided with indicating mark- [75] Inventor Lars Holstrom Solna Sweden ings extending in the longitudinal direction of the sup- [731' Assignee: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft, port and transversely thereto, which pass throughthe Er Weg, Germany central ray and can be projected upon the object bein examined.
  • the other arm rtion has an ima e v [22] Wed: July 1,972 layer carrier.
  • the unit includes, on the [30] Foreign Apphcauon Pnomy other hand, a U-shaped stand having one leg carrying July 8, 1971 Germany 2l34l22 the swingable arm which is mounted Substantially in itscenter of gravity for rotation about a horizontal [52] U.S. Cl 250/491, 250/320, 250/490 horizontal leg is SWingabIy connected with a [51 ll Cl. G01 23/00 pivot bearing for rotation about a vertical bearing axis [58] held of Search 250/ 5 5 These connections are such that the focus of the X-ray 250/444, 446.
  • References c present invention is particularly characterized by the UNITED STATES PATENTS provision of a light sight mounted in the rotary axis of 3,670,163 6/1972 Lajus 250/91 the swingable arm and directed toward the object 3,281,598 10/1966 Hollstein.... 250/91 being examined for fixing permanent initial positions 2,208,258 7/1940 Grobe 250/57 of the object being examined to the device (zero position) and for the linear projection of vertical and horizontal sections extending through the center of imaginary spheres upon the outer surface of the object being examined.
  • the present invention also includes the provision of an X-ray tube image layer unit and indicating means combined with the patient support for setting quantitatively fixable changes of setting positions relatively to the zero position.
  • the unit consists on the one hand of a U-shaped swingable arm having an arm portion carrying the X-ray tube with a light sight provided with indicating markings extending in the longitudinal direction of the support and transversely thereto, which pass through the central ray and can be projected upon the object being examined.
  • the other arm portion has an image layer carrier.
  • the elements carried by the two arm portions are so directed toward each other that the central ray of the X-ray tube lies in the middle perpendiculars of the image layer.
  • the unit includes, on the other hand, a U-shaped stand having a leg carrying the swingable arm which is mounted substantially in its center of gravity for rotation about a horizontal axis.
  • the other leg is swingably connected with a pivot bearing for rotation about a vertical bearing axis.
  • This skullexamining device hasmeans setting the directions of projection consisting of measuring means which permit'to set a-predetermined spatial location as the startingposition for all desiredprojections.
  • An object ofthe present invention is toimprove existing devices of the described nature by simplifying the setting of the initial position (zero position).
  • This arrangement of the present invention greatly simplifies the setting of the zero position.
  • the light sight at the X-ray tube and in the point of rotation of the swingingarm is used to cover three reference surfaces of the head extending perpendicularly to each other and passing through the center of the imaginary spheres, which are anatomically easily recognized and defined, such as, for example, the infraorbital, auricular and medialsagittal surfaces, these surfaces being covered by corresponding markings of the light sight.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a device constructed in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block circuit showing the automative actuation of the movements of the device.
  • FIG. 1 shows an X-ray device having an X-ray tube 1 with a diaphragm 2 adjustablyconnected thereto.
  • the tube 1 is connected to an arm portion 3 of a U- shaped swingable arm 4.
  • the arm portion 5 of the arm 4 carries a holder 6 for cassettes.
  • An X-ray film cassette 7 can he slid into the holder 6'.
  • the X-ray tube and the holder are so arranged that the central ray of the X-ray tube coincides with the central vertical line of the eassette.
  • the arm portion 5 is adjustable in the direction of the central ray by a device 8 in order to change the focus-image layer distance.
  • the swingable am 4 is mounted in its middle section between the *X-ray tube and the cassette carrier located in its maximum focusimage layer distance upon an arm 9 shaped as a horizontal bearing and forming a part of a U-shaped stand having a vertical column 10 and a horizontal arm 11.
  • the arm 4 is rotatable about the horizontal bearing axis "9' in such manner that the focus of the X-ray tube :1
  • the support for the patient consists of a table plate 13 mounted upon a column 14 which can be adjusted in height by a hydraulic raising device located in a casing 15 and operated by a pedal 16.
  • the column 15 is mounted upon a base 17 having rollers (not shown) two of which are guided in a rail 18, so that the table can be moved relatively to the device in the same direction set by the rail 18.
  • a lever 19 is used to stop the movement of the support in the direction of the rail.
  • the table plate 13 is adjustable in the longitudinal and transverse directions relatively to the column 14. The longitudinal shifting takes place by the hand wheel 20 while the transverse movement is carried out by the hand wheel 21.
  • a lever 22 is used to stop the table in its longitudinal direction while the lever 23 stops the transverse movement of the table.
  • the table has. supporting means at its head end for introducing a head support 24 made of transparent material. The two carrying arms 25 of this head support are curved so that by placing the head support into the one or the other position the head of the patient can be supported in two different positions.
  • the device is placed in the following manner into its initial position (zero position) relatively to the object being examined (the skull):
  • the table is moved to such a position relatively to the X-ray tube image layer unit, that the skull of the patient lies approximately in the direction of the rays.
  • the light sight 26 is located in the point of rotation of the arm 4 for the precise setting of the object being examined.
  • the light sight has a vertical slit 27 and a horizontal slit 28. Two light markings can be projected upon the object being examined through these two slits, which represent a vertical and a horizontal sectional surface passing through the center of the'imaginary concentric spheres.
  • the object being examined can be brought into a position wherein the vertical sectional surface will characterize a predetermined anatomically easily fixable position, for example, the so-called infraorbital plane.
  • the light marking 28 can be moved to cover the so-called infraorbital plane by varying the vertical location of the object being examined to the device, with the help of the pedal 16 for the height moving of the table or with the help of the setting member 29 for shifting the telescopically movable supporting column ,10.
  • the column is swung about the axis 12' of the bearing 12 to the extent of 90 degrees and the light marking 26 is brought to cover the socalled medial sagittal plane.
  • the light marking provided in the diaphragm 2 of the X-ray tube is used as a graticule extending in the longitudinal direction of the table and transversely thereto.
  • the central ray of the X-ray tube is placed vertically and then the marking of the light sight extending in the longitudinal direction of the table is brought to cover the medialsagittal plane of the object being examined by the use of the setting means 21 of the table.
  • all the desired exposure positions can be set, for example, by means of a chart which prescribes the quantative deviations of individual positions from the zero position.
  • indicating means are provided for the individual setting members determining the relative positions of the object being examined and the X-ray tube image layer unit.
  • the rotary bearing 12 is provided with the scale 30, the horizontal rotary axle for the swinging movement of the arm 4 with the scale 31, the telescopic guide of the column 18 with the scale 32, the setting means 20 for the longitudinal movement of the table with the scale 33 and, finally, the setting I means 21 for the transverse movement of the table with the scale 34.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates diagrammatically the possibility of changing from a manual setting to a setting by means of servo-motors, the individual exposure positions being automatically fixed by a unit operated by a perforated card.
  • the block circuit diagram of FIG. 2 shows five such servo-motors, namely, the motor 35 for the vertical movement of the column, the motor 36 for the angular adjustment of the swinging arm at the bearing 9, the motor 37 for the angular adjustment of the column at the bearing 12, the motor 38 for moving the table in the transverse direction of the table plate and finally the motor 39 for shifting the table plate in the longitudinal direction of the table. All these motors are operated by an operating unit 40 on the basis of information introduced into a data transmitting device 41, for example, by means of a perforated card 42.
  • This actuation by means of a perforated card need not be limited to the mechanical setting movements of the device, but can be also used to carry out corresponding electrical settings of the X-ray tube voltage, X-ray tube current and the exposure duration at the X-ray apparatus 43, so as to provide the correct condition for each exposure.
  • the termination of the exposure can be also carried out automatically in the described manner, so that the entire exposure program can be developed automatically and the service of the operator will be limited only to the settingof the zero position.
  • An X-ray device for investigation of skulls comprising in combination with a patient support adapted to carry the object to be examined, a swingable U- shaped arm, an X-ray tube carried by a portion of said arm, a diaphragm adjustably connected with said X-ray tube, a film cassette adjustably mounted upon another portion of said arm, a bearing supporting said arm for movement about a horizontal axis between said X-ray tube and said cassette, a light sight connected with said bearing and directed toward said patient support, said diaphragm and said cassette being directed toward each other, the central ray of said X-ray tube passing through the center of said cassette, means supporting said arm for movement about a vertical axis, the focus of said X-ray tube and the center of said cassette being movable upon surfaces of imaginary concentrical spheres, said light sight having vertical and horizontal slits, whereby ray projections extending through said slits may form imaginary vertical and horizontal sectional surfaces extending through the center of said imaginary spheres and
  • said light sight is a double line projecting light sight for linear projection of a vertical and horizontal projection plane upon the object to be examined.
  • a device in accordance with claim 1, wherein said patient support comprises a carrying table, means shifting said table longitudinally and transversely, and indicating means connected with the last-mentioned means.
  • a device in accordance with claim 3 comprising means adjusting the height of said table
  • a device in accordance with claim 3, comprising a rail and means guiding said patient support upon said rail.
  • a device in accordance with claim 3, comprising a central column supporting said table, said table being swingable about the central axis of said column.
  • a device in accordance with claim 1, comprising means connected with said U-shaped arm for telescopic height adjustment of said portions of the U- shaped arm.
  • a device in accordance with claim 8 comprising means connected with said other portion of the arm for shifting it in the direction of the central ray.
  • a device in accordance with claim 1 comprising motors connected with said indicating means for carrying out said changes of setting positions and a programmed actuating device operatively connected with said motors.
  • a device in accordance with claim 10, wherein said programmed actuating device has means setting the X-ray tube voltage, X-ray tube current and exposure time on the basis of the programmed data.
  • An X-ray device for investigation of skulls comprising in combination with a patient support adapted to carry the object to be examined, a swingable U- shaped arm, an X-ray tube carried by a portion of said arm, a diaphragm adjustably connected with said X-ray tube, a film cassette adjustably mounted upon another portion of said arm, a bearing supporting said arm for movement about a horizontal axis between said X-ray tube and said cassette, a light sight connected with said bearing and directed toward said patient support, said light sight being a double line projecting light sight for linear projection of a vertical and horizontal projection plane upon the object to be examined, said diaphragm and said cassette being directed toward each other, the central ray of said X-ray tube passing through the cen ter of said cassette, means supporting said arm for movement about a vertical axis, the focus of said X-ray tube and the center of said cassette being movable upon surfaces of imaginary concentrical spheres, said light sight having vertical and horizontal slits, where

Abstract

An X-ray device for investigation of skulls has a support for the patient and an X-ray tube - image layer unit which is movable relatively thereto in such manner that the object being examined, namely a skull, can be introduced into the ray flow and fixed. The unit consists, on the one hand, of a U-shaped swingable arm having one arm portion carrying an X-ray tube with a light sight provided with indicating markings extending in the longitudinal direction of the support and transversely thereto, which pass through the central ray and can be projected upon the object being examined. The other arm portion has an image layer carrier. The units carried by the two arm portions are so directed toward each other that the central ray of the X-ray tube lies in the middle perpendiculars of the image layer. The unit includes, on the other hand, a U-shaped stand having one leg carrying the swingable arm which is mounted substantially in its center of gravity for rotation about a horizontal axis. The horizontal leg is swingably connected with a pivot bearing for rotation about a vertical bearing axis. These connections are such that the focus of the X-ray tube and the center of the image layer move upon outer surfaces of imaginary concentrical spheres. The present invention is particularly characterized by the provision of a light sight mounted in the rotary axis of the swingable arm and directed toward the object being examined for fixing permanent initial positions of the object being examined to the device (zero position) and for the linear projection of vertical and horizontal sections extending through the center of imaginary spheres upon the outer surface of the object being examined. The present invention also includes the provision of an X-ray tube image layer unit and indicating means combined with the patient support for setting quantitatively fixable changes of setting positions relatively to the zero position.

Description

United States Patent 91 Primary Examiner-James W. Lawrence Assistant ExaminerB. C. Anderson I Attorney, Agent, or Firm-V. Alexander Scher, Richards & Geier I 1 57 ABSTRACT An X-ray device for investigation of skulls has a support for the patient and an X-ray tube image layer unit which is movable relatively thereto in such manner that the object being examined, namely-a skull, can be introduced into the ray flow and fixed. The
Holstrom Apr. 9, 1974 X-RAY DEVICE FOR INVESTIGATION OF unit consists, on the one hand, of a U-shaped swing SKULLS able arm having, one arm portion carrying an X-ray tube-with a light sight provided with indicating mark- [75] Inventor Lars Holstrom Solna Sweden ings extending in the longitudinal direction of the sup- [731' Assignee: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft, port and transversely thereto, which pass throughthe Erlangen, Germany central ray and can be projected upon the object bein examined. The other arm rtion has an ima e v [22] Wed: July 1,972 layer carrier. The units carried by the two arm po r- [21] Appl. No.: 269,333 tions are so directed toward each other that the central ray of the X-ray tube lies in the middle perpendiculars of the image layer. The unit includes, on the [30] Foreign Apphcauon Pnomy other hand, a U-shaped stand having one leg carrying July 8, 1971 Germany 2l34l22 the swingable arm which is mounted Substantially in itscenter of gravity for rotation about a horizontal [52] U.S. Cl 250/491, 250/320, 250/490 horizontal leg is SWingabIy connected with a [51 ll Cl. G01 23/00 pivot bearing for rotation about a vertical bearing axis [58] held of Search 250/ 5 5 These connections are such that the focus of the X-ray 250/444, 446. 320, 491 tube and the center of the image layer move upon 1 outer surfaces of imaginary concentrical spheres. The [56] References c present invention is particularly characterized by the UNITED STATES PATENTS provision of a light sight mounted in the rotary axis of 3,670,163 6/1972 Lajus 250/91 the swingable arm and directed toward the object 3,281,598 10/1966 Hollstein.... 250/91 being examined for fixing permanent initial positions 2,208,258 7/1940 Grobe 250/57 of the object being examined to the device (zero position) and for the linear projection of vertical and horizontal sections extending through the center of imaginary spheres upon the outer surface of the object being examined. The present invention also includes the provision of an X-ray tube image layer unit and indicating means combined with the patient support for setting quantitatively fixable changes of setting positions relatively to the zero position.
12 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures MENTEUAPR 919M servo wxoforsv X-LcL 4O "PP overcdl'ng 1 X-RAY DEVICE FOR INVESTIGATION OF SKULLS This invention relates to an X-ray device for investigation of skulls. The invention is particularly concerned with a device of this nature having a support for the patient and an X-ray tube-image layer unit which is movable relatively thereto in such manner that the object being examined, namely a-skull, can be introduced into the ray flow and fixed. The unit consists on the one hand of a U-shaped swingable arm having an arm portion carrying the X-ray tube with a light sight provided with indicating markings extending in the longitudinal direction of the support and transversely thereto, which pass through the central ray and can be projected upon the object being examined. The other arm portion has an image layer carrier. The elements carried by the two arm portions are so directed toward each other that the central ray of the X-ray tube lies in the middle perpendiculars of the image layer. The unit includes, on the other hand, a U-shaped stand having a leg carrying the swingable arm which is mounted substantially in its center of gravity for rotation about a horizontal axis. The other leg is swingably connected with a pivot bearing for rotation about a vertical bearing axis. These connections are such that the focus of the X-ray tube and the center of the image layer move upon outer surfaces of imaginary concentrical spheres.
The diagnosis of skulls by X-rays requires to a much greater extent than that of other body parts a ray flow in all different directions. This is caused by the fact that the soft part structures of the brain and the mucous membranes of the nasal and throat passages are embedis necessary to maintain certain projection requirements which often require very complicated settings.
These settings can be carried out'only with difficulty by the usual X-ray diagnosing devices. This drawback resulted in the development of a number of special devices which have all-produced certain improvements in.
the setting art but did not provide a completely satisfactory solutionJFinally a break through was achieved by the idea of combining the X-ray tube and the image layer into a unit which is'movable relatively to the patient in such manner that the central ray of the X-ray tube and the center of the image layer-are movable upon surfaces of imaginary concentrical semi-spheres around the object beingexamined as the center. In this manner it is possible to'fix the'patient in the lying position and to make exposures'ineach desired'position by a correspondingpositioning of the receiving unit. This skullexamining device 'hasmeans setting the directions of projection consisting of measuring means which permit'to set a-predetermined spatial location as the startingposition for all desiredprojections.
An object ofthe present invention is toimprove existing devices of the described nature by simplifying the setting of the initial position (zero position).
Other objects will become apparent inthe course of the following specification.
In the accomplishment of theobjectives of the present invention itwas found desirable to mount on the rotary axis of a swinging arm a light sight directedtoward the object being examined for the linear projection of 'ded in the bone structure of the skull. The result is that sectional surfaces passing through the center of the imaginary spheres upon the object being examined and to provide the X-ray tube image layer unit as well as at the patient support indicating means for setting quantatively fixable changes of the setting positions relatively to the zero position.
This arrangement of the present invention greatly simplifies the setting of the zero position. After the patient has been fixed upon his support and his head has been placed in an approximate exposure position, the light sight at the X-ray tube and in the point of rotation of the swingingarm is used to cover three reference surfaces of the head extending perpendicularly to each other and passing through the center of the imaginary spheres, which are anatomically easily recognized and defined, such as, for example, the infraorbital, auricular and medialsagittal surfaces, these surfaces being covered by corresponding markings of the light sight.-
Starting with this zero position it is possible to set many exposure positions by reading from a chart the geometrical parameters corresponding to the individual types of exposures; they are then set purely mechanically at the corresponding setting means and are read at the indicating means. In this manner skull examinations which belong to the most complicated duties of medical auxiliary operators can be now carried out by persons who are not specially trained or experienced.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention it is possibleto carry out the settings, forexample, by an actuating deviceusing programs embodied in perforated cards. Thus errors in settings are eliminated and the time required for operators to set a series of skull exposures is reduced to a minimum.
The invention will appear more clearly from the following detailed description -when taken in connection with the accompanying drawing showing byway of example only, a preferred'embodiment of the inventive idea. I
In the drawing:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a device constructed in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block circuit showing the automative actuation of the movements of the device.
FIG. 1 shows an X-ray device having an X-ray tube 1 with a diaphragm 2 adjustablyconnected thereto. The tube 1 is connected to an arm portion 3 of a U- shaped swingable arm 4. The arm portion 5 of the arm 4 carries a holder 6 for cassettes. An X-ray film cassette 7 can he slid into the holder 6'. The X-ray tube and the holder are so arranged that the central ray of the X-ray tube coincides with the central vertical line of the eassette. The arm portion 5 is adjustable in the direction of the central ray by a device 8 in order to change the focus-image layer distance. The swingable am 4 is mounted in its middle section between the *X-ray tube and the cassette carrier located in its maximum focusimage layer distance upon an arm 9 shaped as a horizontal bearing and forming a part of a U-shaped stand having a vertical column 10 and a horizontal arm 11. The arm 4 is rotatable about the horizontal bearing axis "9' in such manner that the focus of the X-ray tube :1
and the center of the image layer of the cassette 7 move upon concentrical circular paths. The arm 11 of the ences of which move the focus of the X-ray tube 1 and the center of the image layer of the cassette 7. Due to this arrangement the focus of the X-ray tube and the center of the image layer move upon the outer surface of imaginary concentrical spheres.
The support for the patient consists of a table plate 13 mounted upon a column 14 which can be adjusted in height by a hydraulic raising device located in a casing 15 and operated by a pedal 16. The column 15 is mounted upon a base 17 having rollers (not shown) two of which are guided in a rail 18, so that the table can be moved relatively to the device in the same direction set by the rail 18. A lever 19 is used to stop the movement of the support in the direction of the rail. The table plate 13 is adjustable in the longitudinal and transverse directions relatively to the column 14. The longitudinal shifting takes place by the hand wheel 20 while the transverse movement is carried out by the hand wheel 21. A lever 22 is used to stop the table in its longitudinal direction while the lever 23 stops the transverse movement of the table. The table has. supporting means at its head end for introducing a head support 24 made of transparent material. The two carrying arms 25 of this head support are curved so that by placing the head support into the one or the other position the head of the patient can be supported in two different positions.
The device is placed in the following manner into its initial position (zero position) relatively to the object being examined (the skull):
After the patient has been placed on the table and fixed, the table is moved to such a position relatively to the X-ray tube image layer unit, that the skull of the patient lies approximately in the direction of the rays. The light sight 26 is located in the point of rotation of the arm 4 for the precise setting of the object being examined. The light sight has a vertical slit 27 and a horizontal slit 28. Two light markings can be projected upon the object being examined through these two slits, which represent a vertical and a horizontal sectional surface passing through the center of the'imaginary concentric spheres. By the use of the adjusting means 20, 21- of the table the object being examined can be brought into a position wherein the vertical sectional surface will characterize a predetermined anatomically easily fixable position, for example, the so-called infraorbital plane. In order to fix a horizontal plane the light marking 28 can be moved to cover the so-called infraorbital plane by varying the vertical location of the object being examined to the device, with the help of the pedal 16 for the height moving of the table or with the help of the setting member 29 for shifting the telescopically movable supporting column ,10. There are two possibilities for moving the third plane required for a definite space position, to cover the light sight marking. Firstly, the column is swung about the axis 12' of the bearing 12 to the extent of 90 degrees and the light marking 26 is brought to cover the socalled medial sagittal plane. Secondly, without carrying out the swinging movement of the stand, the light marking provided in the diaphragm 2 of the X-ray tube is used as a graticule extending in the longitudinal direction of the table and transversely thereto. For that purpose the central ray of the X-ray tube is placed vertically and then the marking of the light sight extending in the longitudinal direction of the table is brought to cover the medialsagittal plane of the object being examined by the use of the setting means 21 of the table.
After the zero position has been set in this manner all the desired exposure positions can be set, for example, by means ofa chart which prescribes the quantative deviations of individual positions from the zero position. Forthat purpose indicating means are provided for the individual setting members determining the relative positions of the object being examined and the X-ray tube image layer unit. Thus the rotary bearing 12 is provided with the scale 30, the horizontal rotary axle for the swinging movement of the arm 4 with the scale 31, the telescopic guide of the column 18 with the scale 32, the setting means 20 for the longitudinal movement of the table with the scale 33 and, finally, the setting I means 21 for the transverse movement of the table with the scale 34.
FIG. 2 illustrates diagrammatically the possibility of changing from a manual setting to a setting by means of servo-motors, the individual exposure positions being automatically fixed by a unit operated by a perforated card. The block circuit diagram of FIG. 2 shows five such servo-motors, namely, the motor 35 for the vertical movement of the column, the motor 36 for the angular adjustment of the swinging arm at the bearing 9, the motor 37 for the angular adjustment of the column at the bearing 12, the motor 38 for moving the table in the transverse direction of the table plate and finally the motor 39 for shifting the table plate in the longitudinal direction of the table. All these motors are operated by an operating unit 40 on the basis of information introduced into a data transmitting device 41, for example, by means of a perforated card 42. This actuation by means of a perforated card need not be limited to the mechanical setting movements of the device, but can be also used to carry out corresponding electrical settings of the X-ray tube voltage, X-ray tube current and the exposure duration at the X-ray apparatus 43, so as to provide the correct condition for each exposure. The termination of the exposure can be also carried out automatically in the described manner, so that the entire exposure program can be developed automatically and the service of the operator will be limited only to the settingof the zero position.
I claim:
1. An X-ray device for investigation of skulls, comprising in combination with a patient support adapted to carry the object to be examined, a swingable U- shaped arm, an X-ray tube carried by a portion of said arm, a diaphragm adjustably connected with said X-ray tube, a film cassette adjustably mounted upon another portion of said arm, a bearing supporting said arm for movement about a horizontal axis between said X-ray tube and said cassette, a light sight connected with said bearing and directed toward said patient support, said diaphragm and said cassette being directed toward each other, the central ray of said X-ray tube passing through the center of said cassette, means supporting said arm for movement about a vertical axis, the focus of said X-ray tube and the center of said cassette being movable upon surfaces of imaginary concentrical spheres, said light sight having vertical and horizontal slits, whereby ray projections extending through said slits may form imaginary vertical and horizontal sectional surfaces extending through the center of said imaginary spheres and upon the surface of the object to be examined, and indicating means connected with said X-ray tube, said cassette and said patient support for setting quantitatively fixable changes of setting positions relatively to a zero position.
2. A device in accordance with claim 1, wherein said light sight is a double line projecting light sight for linear projection of a vertical and horizontal projection plane upon the object to be examined.
3. A device in accordance with claim 1, wherein said patient support comprises a carrying table, means shifting said table longitudinally and transversely, and indicating means connected with the last-mentioned means.
4. A device in accordance with claim 3, comprising means adjusting the height of said table,
5. A device in accordance with claim 3, comprising a rail and means guiding said patient support upon said rail.
6. A device in accordance with claim 3, comprising a transparent head support extending beyond one end of said table and means connecting said head support with said end of the table and adjusting the height of said head support relatively to said table.
7. A device in accordance with claim 3, comprising a central column supporting said table, said table being swingable about the central axis of said column.
8. A device in accordance with claim 1, comprising means connected with said U-shaped arm for telescopic height adjustment of said portions of the U- shaped arm.
9. A device in accordance with claim 8, comprising means connected with said other portion of the arm for shifting it in the direction of the central ray.
10. A device in accordance with claim 1, comprising motors connected with said indicating means for carrying out said changes of setting positions and a programmed actuating device operatively connected with said motors.
11. A device in accordance with claim 10, wherein said programmed actuating device has means setting the X-ray tube voltage, X-ray tube current and exposure time on the basis of the programmed data.
12. An X-ray device for investigation of skulls,- comprising in combination with a patient support adapted to carry the object to be examined, a swingable U- shaped arm, an X-ray tube carried by a portion of said arm, a diaphragm adjustably connected with said X-ray tube, a film cassette adjustably mounted upon another portion of said arm, a bearing supporting said arm for movement about a horizontal axis between said X-ray tube and said cassette, a light sight connected with said bearing and directed toward said patient support, said light sight being a double line projecting light sight for linear projection of a vertical and horizontal projection plane upon the object to be examined, said diaphragm and said cassette being directed toward each other, the central ray of said X-ray tube passing through the cen ter of said cassette, means supporting said arm for movement about a vertical axis, the focus of said X-ray tube and the center of said cassette being movable upon surfaces of imaginary concentrical spheres, said light sight having vertical and horizontal slits, whereby ray projections extending through said slits may form imaginary vertical and horizontal sectional surfaces extending through the center of said imaginary spheres and upon the surface of the object to be examined, indicating means connected with said X-ray tube, said cassette and said patient support for setting quantita tively fixable changes of setting positions relatively to a zero position, motors connected with said indicating means for carrying out saidchanges of setting positions and a programmed actuating device operatively connected with said motors, said programmed actuating device having means setting the X-ray tube voltage, X-ray tube current and exposure time on the basis of the programmed data. I

Claims (12)

1. An X-ray device for investigation of skulls, comprising in combination with a patient support adapted to carry the object to be examined, a swingable U-shaped arm, an X-ray tube carried by a portion of said arm, a diaphragm adjustably connected with said X-ray tube, a film cassette adjustably mounted upon another portion of said arm, a bearing supporting said arm for movement about a horizontal axis between said X-ray tube and said cassette, a light sight connected with said bearing and directed toward said patient support, said diaphragm and said casseTte being directed toward each other, the central ray of said X-ray tube passing through the center of said cassette, means supporting said arm for movement about a vertical axis, the focus of said X-ray tube and the center of said cassette being movable upon surfaces of imaginary concentrical spheres, said light sight having vertical and horizontal slits, whereby ray projections extending through said slits may form imaginary vertical and horizontal sectional surfaces extending through the center of said imaginary spheres and upon the surface of the object to be examined, and indicating means connected with said X-ray tube, said cassette and said patient support for setting quantitatively fixable changes of setting positions relatively to a zero position.
2. A device in accordance with claim 1, wherein said light sight is a double line projecting light sight for linear projection of a vertical and horizontal projection plane upon the object to be examined.
3. A device in accordance with claim 1, wherein said patient support comprises a carrying table, means shifting said table longitudinally and transversely, and indicating means connected with the last-mentioned means.
4. A device in accordance with claim 3, comprising means adjusting the height of said table.
5. A device in accordance with claim 3, comprising a rail and means guiding said patient support upon said rail.
6. A device in accordance with claim 3, comprising a transparent head support extending beyond one end of said table and means connecting said head support with said end of the table and adjusting the height of said head support relatively to said table.
7. A device in accordance with claim 3, comprising a central column supporting said table, said table being swingable about the central axis of said column.
8. A device in accordance with claim 1, comprising means connected with said U-shaped arm for telescopic height adjustment of said portions of the U-shaped arm.
9. A device in accordance with claim 8, comprising means connected with said other portion of the arm for shifting it in the direction of the central ray.
10. A device in accordance with claim 1, comprising motors connected with said indicating means for carrying out said changes of setting positions and a programmed actuating device operatively connected with said motors.
11. A device in accordance with claim 10, wherein said programmed actuating device has means setting the X-ray tube voltage, X-ray tube current and exposure time on the basis of the programmed data.
12. An X-ray device for investigation of skulls, comprising in combination with a patient support adapted to carry the object to be examined, a swingable U-shaped arm, an X-ray tube carried by a portion of said arm, a diaphragm adjustably connected with said X-ray tube, a film cassette adjustably mounted upon another portion of said arm, a bearing supporting said arm for movement about a horizontal axis between said X-ray tube and said cassette, a light sight connected with said bearing and directed toward said patient support, said light sight being a double line projecting light sight for linear projection of a vertical and horizontal projection plane upon the object to be examined, said diaphragm and said cassette being directed toward each other, the central ray of said X-ray tube passing through the center of said cassette, means supporting said arm for movement about a vertical axis, the focus of said X-ray tube and the center of said cassette being movable upon surfaces of imaginary concentrical spheres, said light sight having vertical and horizontal slits, whereby ray projections extending through said slits may form imaginary vertical and horizontal sectional surfaces extending through the center of said imaginary spheres and upon the surface of the object to be examined, indicating means connected with said X-ray tube, said cassette and said patient support for setting quantitatively fixable changes of settiNg positions relatively to a zero position, motors connected with said indicating means for carrying out said changes of setting positions and a programmed actuating device operatively connected with said motors, said programmed actuating device having means setting the X-ray tube voltage, X-ray tube current and exposure time on the basis of the programmed data.
US00269333A 1971-07-08 1972-07-06 X-ray device for investigation of skulls Expired - Lifetime US3803418A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2134122A DE2134122C3 (en) 1971-07-08 1971-07-08 X-ray machine for skull examinations

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3803418A true US3803418A (en) 1974-04-09

Family

ID=5813096

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00269333A Expired - Lifetime US3803418A (en) 1971-07-08 1972-07-06 X-ray device for investigation of skulls

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3803418A (en)
JP (1) JPS5825455B1 (en)
BE (1) BE785688A (en)
DE (1) DE2134122C3 (en)
FR (1) FR2145161A5 (en)
GB (1) GB1392468A (en)
IT (1) IT962428B (en)

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3934140A (en) * 1973-10-12 1976-01-20 Establissements Dutertre X-ray diagnostic apparatus in particular for examining the injured
US4044265A (en) * 1976-03-05 1977-08-23 General Electric Company Mobile chair for panoramic dental x-ray machine
EP0024504A1 (en) * 1979-07-03 1981-03-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Radiation therapy apparatus with two sighting devices
US4339825A (en) * 1980-10-31 1982-07-13 General Electric Company Bi-plane angiographic apparatus
FR2499399A1 (en) * 1981-02-12 1982-08-13 Univ New York STEREOTAXIC SURGICAL SYSTEM
US4358856A (en) * 1980-10-31 1982-11-09 General Electric Company Multiaxial x-ray apparatus
US4363128A (en) * 1980-09-29 1982-12-07 John K. Grady X-Ray drive apparatus
US4365343A (en) * 1980-11-04 1982-12-21 Xre Corporation Counterweighted X-ray tube
US4590603A (en) * 1984-01-09 1986-05-20 General Electric Company Automatic X-ray entrance dose compensation
US4646335A (en) * 1984-01-02 1987-02-24 Orion-Yhtyma Apparatus for X-ray photography of the area of the dentition and of the jaws
US4679223A (en) * 1983-08-25 1987-07-07 Ao Medical Products Ab Method for damping the natural oscillations of a pillar-stand carrying X-ray equipment, occuring when making positional adjustments thereto; and a pillar stand
US4683581A (en) * 1984-02-01 1987-07-28 Orion-Yhtyma Apparatus for X-ray photography of the area of the dentition and of the jaws
US5095501A (en) * 1989-12-06 1992-03-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba X-ray image-pickup apparatus
US5707360A (en) * 1995-01-26 1998-01-13 Lap Gmbh Laser Applikationen Target apparatus for linearly inserting an instrument into a human body
US6264364B1 (en) * 1998-08-31 2001-07-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Medical x-ray system suited for angiography
US20050197681A1 (en) * 2004-02-06 2005-09-08 Lumiphase Inc. Method and device for the treatment of mammalian tissues
WO2005087108A1 (en) * 2004-03-10 2005-09-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ceiling-mounted x-ray examination device
WO2006056563A1 (en) * 2004-11-25 2006-06-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Stand for an x-ray system
CN100546545C (en) * 2004-11-25 2009-10-07 西门子公司 The support that is used for X-ray equipment
US10499861B2 (en) 2017-09-06 2019-12-10 Zap Surgical Systems, Inc. Self-shielded, integrated-control radiosurgery system
US20190388040A1 (en) * 2018-06-21 2019-12-26 General Electric Company Apparatus, system and method for controlling medical equipment
US11684446B2 (en) 2019-02-27 2023-06-27 Zap Surgical Systems, Inc. Device for radiosurgical treatment of uterine fibroids
US11826582B2 (en) 2017-05-05 2023-11-28 Zap Surgical Systems, Inc. Revolving radiation collimator

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2348039C3 (en) * 1973-09-24 1984-05-10 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München X-ray examination machine
US3908126A (en) * 1974-01-02 1975-09-23 Pennwalt Corp S S White Dental X-ray apparatus for providing panoramic radiographic projections
DE2455447C3 (en) * 1974-11-22 1981-02-05 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Patient positioning device of an X-ray machine
SE462013B (en) * 1984-01-26 1990-04-30 Kjell Olov Torgny Lindstroem TREATMENT TABLE FOR RADIOTHERAPY OF PATIENTS
DE19515550B4 (en) * 1995-04-27 2004-06-03 Gesellschaft Zur Errichtung Und Zum Betrieb Radioneurochirurgischer Behandlungszentren Mbh Method and device for checking the positioning of a radiation spot
DE102012217529A1 (en) * 2012-09-27 2014-03-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Patient couch for e.g. MRI scanner utilized for imaging patient, has height-adjustment device whose operating element is coupled with pumping system such that portion of lifting operation is applied to lift couch surface during operation

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2887586A (en) * 1954-03-09 1959-05-19 Picker X Ray Corp Waite Mfg X-ray focusing apparatus
DE1022752B (en) * 1956-07-13 1958-01-16 Siemens Reiniger Werke Ag Device for masking out a bundle of rays
DE1238323B (en) * 1963-02-16 1967-04-06 Siemens Ag Device for setting a specific focal point-object distance for X-ray exposures

Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3934140A (en) * 1973-10-12 1976-01-20 Establissements Dutertre X-ray diagnostic apparatus in particular for examining the injured
US4044265A (en) * 1976-03-05 1977-08-23 General Electric Company Mobile chair for panoramic dental x-ray machine
EP0024504A1 (en) * 1979-07-03 1981-03-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Radiation therapy apparatus with two sighting devices
US4363128A (en) * 1980-09-29 1982-12-07 John K. Grady X-Ray drive apparatus
US4339825A (en) * 1980-10-31 1982-07-13 General Electric Company Bi-plane angiographic apparatus
US4358856A (en) * 1980-10-31 1982-11-09 General Electric Company Multiaxial x-ray apparatus
US4365343A (en) * 1980-11-04 1982-12-21 Xre Corporation Counterweighted X-ray tube
FR2499399A1 (en) * 1981-02-12 1982-08-13 Univ New York STEREOTAXIC SURGICAL SYSTEM
US4679223A (en) * 1983-08-25 1987-07-07 Ao Medical Products Ab Method for damping the natural oscillations of a pillar-stand carrying X-ray equipment, occuring when making positional adjustments thereto; and a pillar stand
US4646335A (en) * 1984-01-02 1987-02-24 Orion-Yhtyma Apparatus for X-ray photography of the area of the dentition and of the jaws
US4590603A (en) * 1984-01-09 1986-05-20 General Electric Company Automatic X-ray entrance dose compensation
US4683581A (en) * 1984-02-01 1987-07-28 Orion-Yhtyma Apparatus for X-ray photography of the area of the dentition and of the jaws
US5095501A (en) * 1989-12-06 1992-03-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba X-ray image-pickup apparatus
US5707360A (en) * 1995-01-26 1998-01-13 Lap Gmbh Laser Applikationen Target apparatus for linearly inserting an instrument into a human body
US6264364B1 (en) * 1998-08-31 2001-07-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Medical x-ray system suited for angiography
US7914523B2 (en) 2004-02-06 2011-03-29 Clinique Dr Daniel Barolet Inc. Method for the treatment of mammalian tissues
US7887533B2 (en) * 2004-02-06 2011-02-15 Clinique Dr Daniel Barolet Inc. Device for the treatment of mammalian tissues
US20050197681A1 (en) * 2004-02-06 2005-09-08 Lumiphase Inc. Method and device for the treatment of mammalian tissues
US20080108982A1 (en) * 2004-02-06 2008-05-08 Daniel Barolet Method and device for the treatment of mammalian tissues
US7559691B2 (en) 2004-03-10 2009-07-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ceiling-mounted x-ray examination device
WO2005087108A1 (en) * 2004-03-10 2005-09-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ceiling-mounted x-ray examination device
CN100546545C (en) * 2004-11-25 2009-10-07 西门子公司 The support that is used for X-ray equipment
US7857511B2 (en) 2004-11-25 2010-12-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Stand for an X-ray system
US20080159486A1 (en) * 2004-11-25 2008-07-03 Stefan Hesl Stand for an X-Ray System
WO2006056563A1 (en) * 2004-11-25 2006-06-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Stand for an x-ray system
US11826582B2 (en) 2017-05-05 2023-11-28 Zap Surgical Systems, Inc. Revolving radiation collimator
US10499861B2 (en) 2017-09-06 2019-12-10 Zap Surgical Systems, Inc. Self-shielded, integrated-control radiosurgery system
US11844637B2 (en) 2017-09-06 2023-12-19 Zap Surgical Systems, Inc. Therapeutic radiation beam detector for radiation treatment systems
US20190388040A1 (en) * 2018-06-21 2019-12-26 General Electric Company Apparatus, system and method for controlling medical equipment
US10863952B2 (en) * 2018-06-21 2020-12-15 General Electric Company Apparatus, system and method for controlling medical equipment
CN110623683A (en) * 2018-06-21 2019-12-31 通用电气公司 Apparatus, system and method for controlling medical equipment
CN110623683B (en) * 2018-06-21 2024-03-05 通用电气公司 Apparatus, system, and method for controlling medical equipment
US11684446B2 (en) 2019-02-27 2023-06-27 Zap Surgical Systems, Inc. Device for radiosurgical treatment of uterine fibroids

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2145161A5 (en) 1973-02-16
DE2134122A1 (en) 1973-01-18
DE2134122B2 (en) 1979-10-04
GB1392468A (en) 1975-04-30
IT962428B (en) 1973-12-20
JPS5825455B1 (en) 1983-05-27
DE2134122C3 (en) 1984-05-30
BE785688A (en) 1972-10-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3803418A (en) X-ray device for investigation of skulls
US4852134A (en) Method and apparatus for radiography of the dental, jaw, and skull regions
US5080100A (en) System and method for measuring and/or checking the position of a patient in a radio-therapy machine
US2798958A (en) Apparatus for producing radiographs of selected structures within a subject
US5388143A (en) Alignment method for radiography and radiography apparatus incorporating same
JP3022259U (en) X-ray diagnostic device
US4229656A (en) X-ray orienting apparatus
WO1990005485A1 (en) X-ray apparatus
JP3150534B2 (en) Soft tissue filter device for cephalostat
US4813060A (en) Dental x-ray diagnostic apparatus for producing panorama tomograms of the jaw of a patient
US5224140A (en) Method and apparatus for panoramic radiography
US4974243A (en) Positioning system for a X-ray tomography
US3581094A (en) X-ray apparatus
GB1345177A (en) Combination radiographic apparatus
WO1980001111A1 (en) Tomographic method and apparatus
US4242585A (en) Dental panoramic radiographic apparatus capable of concurrently taking normal picture of temporomandibular joint
US4049967A (en) X-ray examining apparatus including a tomographic exposure installation
FI56621C (en) ANALYZING FOR PATIENTS WITH PANORAMA RENTAL PHOTOGRAPHY
US4400826A (en) Craniostatic positioner, particularly for the ambulatorial radiography of the temporal-mandibular articulation
US4200798A (en) Dental x-ray diagnostic apparatus
US4870673A (en) Dental x-ray installation
US3833813A (en) Device for examining a patient, in particular by means of x-rays
WO1987003795A1 (en) A method and arrangement for x-ray photography or the like, in which there is used a tower stand that can be moved at a patient examination table
US3930164A (en) Device for use with X-ray machines
JPS5835216Y2 (en) X-ray positioning device