US3628923A - Method of making header joint for a clad tubulation - Google Patents
Method of making header joint for a clad tubulation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3628923A US3628923A US770172A US3628923DA US3628923A US 3628923 A US3628923 A US 3628923A US 770172 A US770172 A US 770172A US 3628923D A US3628923D A US 3628923DA US 3628923 A US3628923 A US 3628923A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- header
- extending
- cladding
- claddings
- tubulation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical group [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000404144 Pieris melete Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
- F28F19/06—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings of metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/06—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes in openings, e.g. rolling-in
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B9/00—Connections of rods or tubular parts to flat surfaces at an angle
- F16B9/01—Welded or bonded connections
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
- F16L58/02—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation by means of internal or external coatings
- F16L58/04—Coatings characterised by the materials used
- F16L58/08—Coatings characterised by the materials used by metal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
- F16L58/18—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation specially adapted for pipe fittings
- F16L58/188—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation specially adapted for pipe fittings for branching pipes; for joining pipes to walls
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/04—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler and characterised by material, e.g. use of special steel alloy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
- F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
- F28F9/18—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding
- F28F9/182—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding the heat-exchange conduits having ends with a particular shape, e.g. deformed; the heat-exchange conduits or end plates having supplementary joining means, e.g. abutments
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
- Y10T29/49373—Tube joint and tube plate structure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
- Y10T29/49373—Tube joint and tube plate structure
- Y10T29/49375—Tube joint and tube plate structure including conduit expansion or inflation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
- Y10T29/49915—Overedge assembling of seated part
- Y10T29/49917—Overedge assembling of seated part by necking in cup or tube wall
- Y10T29/49918—At cup or tube end
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Abstract
A ferrous core-forming tube is internally and externally clad with titanium. The ferrous core is chemically etched away from between the claddings for some distance from their ends so that these ends extend from the core. The tube thus prepared is inserted through an opening in a header with said ends adjacent one side of the header. These ends are then flared outwardly into engagement with the adjacent side of the header and sealingly welded thereto. In cases in which the cladding is not strong and/or is thin a cylindrical slug or thimble of titanium is inserted into the etched-out space prior to flaring and welding.
Description
United States Patent [72] Inventor Sheldon S. White Brookline, Mass. [21] Appl. No. 770,172 {22] Filed Oct. 24,1968 [45] Patented Dec. 21,1971 [73] Assignee Texas Instruments Incorporated Dallas, Tex.
[54] METHOD OF MAKING HEADER JOINT FOR A CLAD TUBULATION 6 Claims, 8 Drawing Figs.
[52] US. Cl 29/157.4, 29/472.1, 29/475, 29/511 [51] Int. Cl ..B2ld 53/00, B2lk 29/00, 823p 15/26 [50] Field of Search 29/482, 478, 479,157.4, 157.3, 422, 511, 423, 473.3, 481, 475, 472.1
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,024,782 12/1935 Schwinn 29/478 X 2,368,403 1/1945 Barnes 29/482 X 3,207,215 9/1965 Whittell, Jr 29/157.4 UX
3,479,730 11/1969 Poth 29/482 X 356,234 1/1887 Shader 29/481 1,981,915 11/1934 Hormel et a1. 29/423 UX OTHER REFERENCES The O. G. Defensive Publication Tor, Def. Pub. of Serial No. 698,485 filed 12/11/67, published in 860 O. G. 1008. on 3/25/69.
Primary Examiner-John F. Campbell Assistant Examiner- Ronald J. Shore Attorneys-Harold Levine, Edward .1. Connors, Jr., John A.
Haug and James P. McAndrews thimble of titanium is inserted into the etched-out space priorto flaring and welding.
PATENIEDHECZI an 3528.923
SHEET 1 [1F 2 FIGW 4 MTENTEU UEEZ'I WI SHEET 2 BF 2 FIG.
FIG.5
FIG.7
METHOD OF MAKING HEADER JOINT FOR A CLAD TUBULA'IION Clad tubing in general has as its purpose usefulness in corrosive environments. However, in the fabrication of welded joints between clad tubing and headers, problems often arise due to incompatibility between the tubing core material and the header material. For example, in the case of titanium-clad, low-carbon steel tubing, fusion welding to a titanium header may lead to the formation of undesirable interrnetallic compounds in the presence of fluid (liquid or gas) such as will produce a galvanic effect. Or, the core and cladding materials may be metallurgically incompatible in noncorrosive environments to the extent that embrittling intermetallic compounds will be formed simply upon welding. I overcome these difficulties by sealing off the clad core from exposure to ambient gases or fluids and from taking part in the weldment.
Referring to the drawings;
FIG. 1 is an axial section of an end portion of a low-carbon tubular core, internally and externally clad with titanium;
FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 after performance of an etching operation on the core;
FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2 illustrating a flaring operation;
FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 illustrating a welding operation; and
FIGS. 5-8 are views similar to FIGS. 1-4 respectively, illustrating another form of the invention.
Corresponding reference characters indicate similar parts throughout the drawings. The drawings are illustrative and not to scale.
Referring more particularly to FIG. 1, there is shown at numeral 1 one end of a length of low-carbon steel tubing forming a tubular core which has interior cladding 3 and exterior cladding 5, both composed of titanium which, unlike the core, is substantially noncorrodible.
As illustrated in FIG. 2 the steel tubing 1 is acid-etched for a distance D from between the ends of the cladding 3 and 5. For this purpose may be used any of the well-known iron-etching acid materials which do not attack titanium, such as nitric acid or commercial grade sulfuric acid.
Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the etched end of the tube is flared by a conventional flaring tool. This may occur before or after the clad tube is inserted in an opening 7 in a header 9 (FIG. 4). In either event, the bent'end of the inner cladding 3 engages the bent end of the outer cladding 5 so as to enclose the end of the steel tubing 1. The flared ends are pushed into engagement with header 9 around opening 7 and then welded thereto and to one another as indicated at 13. Thus the desired connection is made between the clad tubing and the header without the ferrous material of the tubing l entering into the all-titanium weldment l3 and so as to prevent access to the core 1 of any corrosive ambient fluids.
In some cases the cladding layers, either because of the manner in which they are applied to the tubular core (as for example by electroplating), or because of their thinness, are not strong and/or incapable of being properly flared or welded. Such a condition may be assumed in the illustrations of FIGS. 5-8, in which numeral 1 again represents a length of low-carbon steel tubing as in FIG. 1. But in this case it is assumed that the inner and outer claddings l5 and 17 have been electroplated or otherwise applied thinly or not so strongly, so that after etching to the depth D as illustrated in FIG. 6, the projecting portions of the cladding are incapable in their unsupported condition of being properly joined. Therefore as illustrated in FIG. 7, an annulus, thimble or sleeve of titanium is inserted between the ends of the cladding within the annular space of depth D. This cylindrical sleeve is only slightly smaller in all of its physical dimensions than those of the space from which the low-carbon steel tubing has been removed by etching. Thus, the exposed ends of the cladding become supported by the titanium sleeve I9 so that the flaring and welding operations may be properly accomplished (FIG. 8). In the flaring operation the sleeve also is flared and enters into the weldment as illustrated at 13. In this case, as in the one illustrated in FIG. 1-4, no ferrous material is exposed to ambient corrosive atmospheres or fluids, nor does it enter into the weldment 13.
While the invention has been described for the case of titanium-clad ferrous tubing for attachment to a titanium header, it will be understood that it is applicable to any combination of metals for these parts in connection with which the problems arise, as above set forth.
In view of the above, it will be seen that the several objects of the invention are achieved and other advantageous results attained.
As various changes could be made in the above constructions and methods without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
I claim:
I. A method for protecting the core of a composite metal tubulation at one end of the tubulation where the tubulation is composed of a first material having inner and outer claddings of a second material which is incompatible with said first material during fusion welding thereof, said method comprising the steps of removing said core material from between said claddings for a selected distance away from said end of said tubulation to leave ends of said inner and outer claddings extending from said core tube, inserting a cylindrical metal sleeve of said second material between said extending cladding ends and welding said extending cladding ends to said sleeve.
2. A method for fabricating ajoint between a header and a tubulation composed of a metal core tube of a first material having inner and outer metal claddings of a second material which is incompatible with said first material during fusion welding thereof comprising the steps of removing said core material from between said claddings for a selected distance away from one end of said tubulation to leave ends of said inner and outer claddings extending from said core tube, inserting a cylindrical metal sleeve of said second material between said extending cladding ends and joining said extending cladding ends each to said sleeve and to said header around an opening in said header by welding.
3. A method for fabricating a joint between a titanium metal header and a tubulation composed of a steel core tube having inner and outer titanium claddings, said method comprising the steps of etching away said core material for a selected distance from one end of said tubulation by use of an etchant which does not attach said cladding materials to leave ends of said claddings extending from said core tube, flaring said extending cladding ends, and joining said extending cladding ends together and to said header around an opening in said header by welding.
4. A method as set forth in claim 3 wherein said extending cladding ends are flared into engagement with each other and wherein said cladding ends are welded directly to each other and to said header.
5. A method as set forth in claim 3 wherein a cylindrical titanium sleeve is inserted between said extending cladding ends prior to flaring thereof, wherein said sleeve and extending cladding ends are flared together, and wherein said extending cladding ends are welded to said sleeve and to said header around said header opening.
6. A method for fabricating a joint between a metal header and a tubulation composed of an inner metal core tube of a first material having inner and outer metal claddings of a second material which is incompatible with said first material during fusion welding thereof comprising the steps of etching said core material with an etchant which does not attach said cladding materials to remove said core material from between said claddings for a selected distance away from one end of said tubulation to leave ends of said inner and outer claddings extending from said core tube, inserting a cylindrical metal sleeve of said second material between the extending cladding ends, flaring said extending cladding ends and said insert, and
joining said extending cladding ends together and to said header around an opening in said header by welding.
Claims (5)
- 2. A method for fabricating a joint between a header and a tubulation composed of a metal core tube of a first material having inner and outer metal claddings of a second material which is incompatible with said first material during fusion welding thereof comprising the steps of removing said core material from between said claddings for a selected distance away from one end of said tubulation to leave ends of said inner and outer claddings extending from said core tube, inserting a cylindrical metal sleeve of said second material between said extending cladding ends and joining said extending cladding ends each to said sleeve and to said header around an opening in said header by welding.
- 3. A method for fabricating a joint between A titanium metal header and a tubulation composed of a steel core tube having inner and outer titanium claddings, said method comprising the steps of etching away said core material for a selected distance from one end of said tubulation by use of an etchant which does not attach said cladding materials to leave ends of said claddings extending from said core tube, flaring said extending cladding ends, and joining said extending cladding ends together and to said header around an opening in said header by welding.
- 4. A method as set forth in claim 3 wherein said extending cladding ends are flared into engagement with each other and wherein said cladding ends are welded directly to each other and to said header.
- 5. A method as set forth in claim 3 wherein a cylindrical titanium sleeve is inserted between said extending cladding ends prior to flaring thereof, wherein said sleeve and extending cladding ends are flared together, and wherein said extending cladding ends are welded to said sleeve and to said header around said header opening.
- 6. A method for fabricating a joint between a metal header and a tubulation composed of an inner metal core tube of a first material having inner and outer metal claddings of a second material which is incompatible with said first material during fusion welding thereof comprising the steps of etching said core material with an etchant which does not attach said cladding materials to remove said core material from between said claddings for a selected distance away from one end of said tubulation to leave ends of said inner and outer claddings extending from said core tube, inserting a cylindrical metal sleeve of said second material between the extending cladding ends, flaring said extending cladding ends and said insert, and joining said extending cladding ends together and to said header around an opening in said header by welding.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US77017268A | 1968-10-24 | 1968-10-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US3628923A true US3628923A (en) | 1971-12-21 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US770172A Expired - Lifetime US3628923A (en) | 1968-10-24 | 1968-10-24 | Method of making header joint for a clad tubulation |
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Cited By (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3833245A (en) * | 1972-12-14 | 1974-09-03 | Chemetron Corp | Cylindrical bellows |
US4294659A (en) * | 1977-02-04 | 1981-10-13 | United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority | Apparatus for use in a liquid alkali metal environment |
US4305459A (en) * | 1973-10-25 | 1981-12-15 | Suddeutsche Kuhlerfabrik Julius Fr. Behr | Heat exchanger |
US4453301A (en) * | 1980-11-17 | 1984-06-12 | United Aircraft Products, Inc. | Sealing mechanical tube joints |
USRE31889E (en) * | 1973-10-25 | 1985-05-21 | Suddeutsche Kuhlerfabrik Julius Fr. Behr | Heat exchanger |
EP0150041A2 (en) * | 1984-01-20 | 1985-07-31 | Kuroki Kogyosho Co., Ltd. | Corrosion resisting steel pipe and method of manufacturing same |
FR2558926A1 (en) * | 1984-01-31 | 1985-08-02 | Sumitomo Light Metal Ind | Method for fixing a double-walled tube structure with titanium internal coating to a titanium tubular plate. |
US4653683A (en) * | 1984-12-24 | 1987-03-31 | The Budd Company | Means and method for securing a tubular member to a side frame of a rail car truck |
US4881312A (en) * | 1988-07-22 | 1989-11-21 | General Motors Corporation | Method for manufacturing a fitting for a heat exchanger |
US4889105A (en) * | 1984-03-30 | 1989-12-26 | State Industries, Inc. | Water heater construction and method of manufacture |
US4951371A (en) * | 1988-06-30 | 1990-08-28 | General Motors Corporation | Method of manufacturing a laminated fitting for a heat exchanger |
EP0457978A1 (en) * | 1990-05-04 | 1991-11-27 | Toyo Radiator Co., Ltd. | Method for joining heat exchanger tubes with headers |
US20040115572A1 (en) * | 2002-12-03 | 2004-06-17 | Yoshihisa Tsukada | Photothermographic material |
EP1559983A1 (en) * | 2004-01-28 | 2005-08-03 | Oostendorp Apparatenbouw BV | Method for forming a welded connection between a tubesheet and a number of tubes and a device produced by such method |
US20090320475A1 (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2009-12-31 | Parrella Michael J | System and method of capturing geothermal heat from within a drilled well to generate electricity |
US20100269501A1 (en) * | 2008-08-05 | 2010-10-28 | Parrella Michael J | Control system to manage and optimize a geothermal electric generation system from one or more wells that individually produce heat |
US20100270002A1 (en) * | 2008-08-05 | 2010-10-28 | Parrella Michael J | System and method of maximizing performance of a solid-state closed loop well heat exchanger |
US20100270001A1 (en) * | 2008-08-05 | 2010-10-28 | Parrella Michael J | System and method of maximizing grout heat conductibility and increasing caustic resistance |
US20100276115A1 (en) * | 2008-08-05 | 2010-11-04 | Parrella Michael J | System and method of maximizing heat transfer at the bottom of a well using heat conductive components and a predictive model |
CN104668908A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-06-03 | 绵阳市嘉炜不锈钢有限公司 | Stainless steel welded steel pipe machining process |
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US2368403A (en) * | 1941-10-21 | 1945-01-30 | United Aircraft Corp | Method of manufacturing heat radiators |
US3207215A (en) * | 1961-06-02 | 1965-09-21 | Raypak Inc | Heat exchanger |
US3479730A (en) * | 1964-03-25 | 1969-11-25 | Linde Ag | Method of and assembly for the joining of elements of different materials |
-
1968
- 1968-10-24 US US770172A patent/US3628923A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US356234A (en) * | 1887-01-18 | Ethod of manufacturing plated goods | ||
US1981915A (en) * | 1932-07-01 | 1934-11-27 | Hormel | Manufacture of metal ware |
US2024782A (en) * | 1934-04-09 | 1935-12-17 | Frank W Schwinn | Tube joint and method of manufacturing same |
US2368403A (en) * | 1941-10-21 | 1945-01-30 | United Aircraft Corp | Method of manufacturing heat radiators |
US3207215A (en) * | 1961-06-02 | 1965-09-21 | Raypak Inc | Heat exchanger |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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The O. G. Defensive Publication Tor, Def. Pub. of Serial No. 698,485 filed 12/11/67, published in 860 O. G. 1008, on 3/25/69. * |
Cited By (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3833245A (en) * | 1972-12-14 | 1974-09-03 | Chemetron Corp | Cylindrical bellows |
US4305459A (en) * | 1973-10-25 | 1981-12-15 | Suddeutsche Kuhlerfabrik Julius Fr. Behr | Heat exchanger |
USRE31889E (en) * | 1973-10-25 | 1985-05-21 | Suddeutsche Kuhlerfabrik Julius Fr. Behr | Heat exchanger |
US4294659A (en) * | 1977-02-04 | 1981-10-13 | United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority | Apparatus for use in a liquid alkali metal environment |
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EP0150041A2 (en) * | 1984-01-20 | 1985-07-31 | Kuroki Kogyosho Co., Ltd. | Corrosion resisting steel pipe and method of manufacturing same |
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