US3310240A - Air atomizing nozzle - Google Patents

Air atomizing nozzle Download PDF

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US3310240A
US3310240A US424037A US42403765A US3310240A US 3310240 A US3310240 A US 3310240A US 424037 A US424037 A US 424037A US 42403765 A US42403765 A US 42403765A US 3310240 A US3310240 A US 3310240A
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sleeve member
discharge orifice
air
fuel
swirl chamber
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US424037A
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Richard G Grundman
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Motors Liquidation Co
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Motors Liquidation Co
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
    • F23D11/106—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting at the burner outlet
    • F23D11/107—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting at the burner outlet at least one of both being subjected to a swirling motion

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to air atomizing nozzles, and more particularly to an atomizing nozzle assembly of the type employing an auxiliary fluid to facilitate atomization.
  • a still further object of this invention is the provision of a multiple stage atomization nozzle which results in a more thorough and eflicient atomization of the liquid being atomized.
  • the present invention overcomes heretofore encountered difficulties and fulfills the above cited objects by providing an air atomizing nozzle which atomizes a liquid fuel in a first stage by introducing a pressurized air stream into the center of the liquid fuel as it passes into a diverging discharge orifice from a swirl chamber. Further atomization of the resulting fuel-air mixture is effected in a second stage by impinging air emitted from a swirl chamber into a discharge orifice surrounding the outlet of the diverging discharge orifice.
  • FIGURE 1 is a sectional view of an atomizing nozzle showing the components of the subject invention in an assembled relationship.
  • FIGURE 2 is an enlarged fragmentary section of the discharge end of the nozzle.
  • FIGURE 3 is a sectional view taken substantially along lines 33 of FIGURE 2 showing the tangential relationship of the fuel and air ports to their respective swirl chambers,
  • an air atomizing nozzle assembly embodying the subject invention includes a body member 1 having a fuel supply passage 2 and an air supply passage 3 formed therein.
  • the fuel supply passage 2 communicates with a fuel supply connection 4 while the air supply passage 3 communicates with an air supply connection 5, both the fuel and air supply connections being secured to the body member 1 in a conventional manner.
  • the body member 1 includes a chamber 6 in the fuel supply passage 2 to receive a valve assembly designated generally at 7.
  • the valve assembly 7 is retained within chamber 6 by a coil spring 8 and the fuel supply connection 4 and forms no part of this invention.
  • Body member 1 has an outer face 9 which abuts an end face 10 of a stepped cylindrically shaped outer sleeve member 11.
  • a chamber 12 is formed between the body member 1 and the outer sleeve member 11 and connects with the air supply passage 3 in the body member 1 and one or more longitudinal air passages 13 provided in the outer sleeve member 11.
  • An annular groove 14 in the end face 10 of the outer sleeve member 11 connects with the fuel supply passage 2 in the body member 1 and one or more diagonal fuel passages 15 formed in the outer sleeve member 11.
  • an axial flow air passage 19, formed in the inner sleeve member 17, connects with the chamber 12, shown in FIGURE 1, and terminates in a discharge orifice 20.
  • An inner nozzle washer 21 abuts an end face 22 of the outer sleeve member 11 and has an annular extended portion 23 thereon which eX- tends into the cylindrical bore 16 and cooperates with the inner sleeve member 17 and the inner bore 16 to define an annular chamber 24 therebetween, Chamber 24 receives fuel from the fuel passages 15 in the outer sleeve member 11.
  • the inner nozzle washer 21 includes an axial cylindrical bore 25 which receives a cylindrical portion 26 of inner sleeve member 17.
  • the cylindrical bore 25 terminates in an outwardly diverging discharge orifice 27 which is formed in an extended portion 28 of the inner nozzle washer 21.
  • the diverging discharge orifice 27 is axially aligned with the bore 25 and connected thereto by a conical surface section 29.
  • the cylindrical bore 25 and conical surface 29 surround a reduced cylindrical portion 30 of the inner sleeve member 17 in axial alignment therewith and cooperate with the cylindrical portion 30 to form an annular swirl chamber 31 therebetween.
  • An annular space 32 between the cylindrical portion 30 of the inner sleeve 17 and the conical surface 29 provides an annular discharge passage for the liquid emitted from the swirl chamber 31 as it enters diverging discharge orifice 27.
  • a plurality of ports 33, tangentially disposed to the swirl chamber 31 to allow fuel from the annular chamber 24 to be tangentially introduced into the swirl chamber 31, are provided in the annular extended portion 23 of the inner nozzle washer 21.
  • the cylindrical portion 30 of the inner sleeve member 17 has a discharge end 34 which is positioned in close proximity to the throat section 35 of the diverging discharge orifice 27 such that the fuel emitted from the swirl chamber 31 through the annular passage 32 is subjected to impinging air emit-ted from the discharge orifice 20 of inner sleeve member 17.
  • An annular groove 36 is formed between the end face 22 of the outer sleeve member 11 and the adjacent face of inner nozzle washer 21 to connect with the air passages 13 in the outer sleeve member 11 and a plurality of ports 37 provided in the inner nozzle washer 21.
  • An outer nozzle washer 38 abuts inner nozzle washer 21 and has an axial cylindrical discharge orifice 39 therethrough.
  • a conical surface 40 of the outer nozzle washer 38 cooperates with an outer surface portion 41 of the inner nozzle washer 21 no form an annular swirl chamber 42 therebetween.
  • the ports 37 in the inner nozzle washer 21 are tangentially disposed to the swirl chamber 42 to allow air to be tangentially introduced into the swirl chamber 42.
  • the discharge orifice 39 surrounds the diverging discharge orifice 27 of the inner nozzle washer 21 and is axially aligned therewith.
  • the diameter of the discharge orifice 39 is greater than the outer diameter of the extended portion 28 of the inner nozzle washer 21 so as to form an annular passage therebetween.
  • the outer end of the extended portion 23 of the inner nozzle washer 21 terminates at a point axially inward from the outer end 43 of the discharge orifice 39 in the outer nozzle washer 38.
  • a cap member 44 has an inner surface adapted to engage the outer peripheral surfaces of the outer sleeve member 11, the inner nozzle washer 21, and the outer nozzle washer 38.
  • a threaded portion 45 on the cap member 44 is adapted to engage a mating threaded portion 46 provided on ⁇ the body member 1.
  • a radially inwardly directed portion 47 of the cap member 44 abuts an outer face 48 of the outer nozzle washer 38 to secure the outer nozzle washer 38, the inner nozzle washer 21, and the outer sleeve member 11 in axial alignment against the end face 22 of the body member 1 when the cap member 44 threadedly engages the body member 1.
  • liquid fuel is supplied to the fuel inlet connection 4 from an external source and passes through the fuel inlet passage 2' in body member 1 where it is introduced into fuel passages 15 in the outer sleeve member 11.
  • the fuel flows into annular chamber 24 from which it passes into tangential ports 33 and into the swirl chamber 31.
  • swirl chamber 31 causes the fuel to swirl and be emitted from the swirl chamber in a turbulent state.
  • air under pressure which has been supplied through air supply passage 3 and axial flow air passage 19 is emitted from the discharge orifice 20 and impinges the turbulent fuel centrally of its flow path.
  • the air emitted from discharge orifice 20 serves to atomize the fuel emitted from the swirl chamber 31 and also maincharge orifice 27 and the discharge orifice 39 which will Tangential introduction of the fuel' provide an air supply or add a significant amount of air to a combustion chamber as might be used in conjunction with the nozzle assembly, thereby aiding fuel combustion within the chamber.
  • An air atomizing fuel nozzle assembly comprising a body member having a fuel supply passage and an air supply passage therein, an outer sleeve member associated with said body member and defining therewith a chamber adjacent said air supply passage and communicating therewith, said outer sleeve member having a central bore therein to receive an inner sleeve member, said inner sleeve member having an axial flow air passage therein which communicates with said chamber and terminates in a first discharge orifice, an inner nozzle washer associated with said outer sleeve member and cooperating with said inner sleeve member and said outer sleeve member to define a first swirl chamber therebetween, said first swirl chamber communicating with a discharge orifice in said inner nozzle washer, said inner nozzle washer discharge orifice having an outwardly diverging surface and being substantially in axial alignment with said first discharge orifice and axially spaced outwardly therefrom such that said first discharge orifice terminates at a point in close proximity to the inner portion of said inner nozzle
  • said outer nozzle washer ponts being tangentially disposed to said second swirl chamber, and a cap member adapted to secure said outer sleeve member, said inner nozzle washer, and said outer nozzle washer to said body member in fixed axial alignment whereby fuel emitted from said first swirl chamber is atomized by air emitted from said first discharge orifice with the resulting fuel-air mixture emitted from said inner nozzle washer discharge orifice being; further atomized by impinging air emitted from said second swirl chamber thereby creating a more thoroughly atomized fuel-air mixture.
  • An atomizing nozzle comprising an outer sleeve.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)

Description

March 21, 1967 R. G. GRUNDMAN AIR ATOMIZING NOZZLE Filed Jan. 7, 1965 INVENTOR RIC/lord 6.
Grundman ATTORNEY United States Patent 3,310,240 AIR ATOMIZING NOZZLE Richard G. Grundman, Grand Rapids, Mich., assignor to General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Delaware Filed Jan. 7, 1965, Ser. No. 424,037 2 Claims. (Cl. 239-404) This invention relates generally to air atomizing nozzles, and more particularly to an atomizing nozzle assembly of the type employing an auxiliary fluid to facilitate atomization.
Conventional nozzles of the air atomizing type in which an auxiliary fluid under pressure, such as air, steam, or other suitable gas, is used to facilitate breaking up a liquid into discrete particles have presented various difliculties. Among these difficulties has been the inability of the known nozzles to consistently break up the liquid into small discrete particles, thus appreciably affecting the efliciency of the nozzle. A further difficulty encountered with conventional nozzles has been the inability of such nozzles to obtain spray patterns sufficiently symmetrical about the axis of the nozzle. A still further disadvantage of such prior art devices has been their failure to excite the liquid to be atomized and the atomizing fluid prior to being introduced into their respective discharge orifices, thereby reducing the ultimate atomization to be realized from the nozzle.
It is the primary object of this invention to overcome such heretofore encountered difiiculties by providing an air atomizing nozzle which utilizes air in a highly eflicient manner to produce a high degree of atomization of fluid over a wide range of viscosities and flow rates.
It is a further object of this invention to provide an atomizing nozzle having its air flow passages arranged to effect a high degree of atomization of liquid fuel while having a secondary affect of supplying combustion air to the center of a combustion chamber. 7
A still further object of this invention is the provision of a multiple stage atomization nozzle which results in a more thorough and eflicient atomization of the liquid being atomized.
The present invention overcomes heretofore encountered difficulties and fulfills the above cited objects by providing an air atomizing nozzle which atomizes a liquid fuel in a first stage by introducing a pressurized air stream into the center of the liquid fuel as it passes into a diverging discharge orifice from a swirl chamber. Further atomization of the resulting fuel-air mixture is effected in a second stage by impinging air emitted from a swirl chamber into a discharge orifice surrounding the outlet of the diverging discharge orifice.
The above objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood from the following specifica tion having reference to the accompanying drawing, wherein:
FIGURE 1 is a sectional view of an atomizing nozzle showing the components of the subject invention in an assembled relationship.
FIGURE 2 is an enlarged fragmentary section of the discharge end of the nozzle.
FIGURE 3 is a sectional view taken substantially along lines 33 of FIGURE 2 showing the tangential relationship of the fuel and air ports to their respective swirl chambers,
Referring now in detail to the drawing, and initially to FIGURE 1, an air atomizing nozzle assembly embodying the subject invention includes a body member 1 having a fuel supply passage 2 and an air supply passage 3 formed therein. The fuel supply passage 2 communicates with a fuel supply connection 4 while the air supply passage 3 communicates with an air supply connection 5, both the fuel and air supply connections being secured to the body member 1 in a conventional manner.
The body member 1 includes a chamber 6 in the fuel supply passage 2 to receive a valve assembly designated generally at 7. The valve assembly 7 is retained within chamber 6 by a coil spring 8 and the fuel supply connection 4 and forms no part of this invention.
Body member 1 has an outer face 9 which abuts an end face 10 of a stepped cylindrically shaped outer sleeve member 11. A chamber 12 is formed between the body member 1 and the outer sleeve member 11 and connects with the air supply passage 3 in the body member 1 and one or more longitudinal air passages 13 provided in the outer sleeve member 11.
An annular groove 14 in the end face 10 of the outer sleeve member 11 connects with the fuel supply passage 2 in the body member 1 and one or more diagonal fuel passages 15 formed in the outer sleeve member 11.
The outer sleeve member 11 has an axial cylindrical bore 16 to receive an inner sleeve member 17. The inner sleeve member 17 has a stepped outer cylindrical surface with a cylindrical portion 18 having a diameter which allows it to be pressed or otherwise suitably secured in the outer sleeve member 11.
Referring now to FIGURE 2, an axial flow air passage 19, formed in the inner sleeve member 17, connects with the chamber 12, shown in FIGURE 1, and terminates in a discharge orifice 20. An inner nozzle washer 21 abuts an end face 22 of the outer sleeve member 11 and has an annular extended portion 23 thereon which eX- tends into the cylindrical bore 16 and cooperates with the inner sleeve member 17 and the inner bore 16 to define an annular chamber 24 therebetween, Chamber 24 receives fuel from the fuel passages 15 in the outer sleeve member 11.
The inner nozzle washer 21 includes an axial cylindrical bore 25 which receives a cylindrical portion 26 of inner sleeve member 17. The cylindrical bore 25 terminates in an outwardly diverging discharge orifice 27 which is formed in an extended portion 28 of the inner nozzle washer 21. The diverging discharge orifice 27 is axially aligned with the bore 25 and connected thereto by a conical surface section 29. The cylindrical bore 25 and conical surface 29 surround a reduced cylindrical portion 30 of the inner sleeve member 17 in axial alignment therewith and cooperate with the cylindrical portion 30 to form an annular swirl chamber 31 therebetween. An annular space 32 between the cylindrical portion 30 of the inner sleeve 17 and the conical surface 29 provides an annular discharge passage for the liquid emitted from the swirl chamber 31 as it enters diverging discharge orifice 27. A plurality of ports 33, tangentially disposed to the swirl chamber 31 to allow fuel from the annular chamber 24 to be tangentially introduced into the swirl chamber 31, are provided in the annular extended portion 23 of the inner nozzle washer 21.
The cylindrical portion 30 of the inner sleeve member 17 has a discharge end 34 which is positioned in close proximity to the throat section 35 of the diverging discharge orifice 27 such that the fuel emitted from the swirl chamber 31 through the annular passage 32 is subjected to impinging air emit-ted from the discharge orifice 20 of inner sleeve member 17.
An annular groove 36 is formed between the end face 22 of the outer sleeve member 11 and the adjacent face of inner nozzle washer 21 to connect with the air passages 13 in the outer sleeve member 11 and a plurality of ports 37 provided in the inner nozzle washer 21.
An outer nozzle washer 38 abuts inner nozzle washer 21 and has an axial cylindrical discharge orifice 39 therethrough. A conical surface 40 of the outer nozzle washer 38 cooperates with an outer surface portion 41 of the inner nozzle washer 21 no form an annular swirl chamber 42 therebetween. The ports 37 in the inner nozzle washer 21 are tangentially disposed to the swirl chamber 42 to allow air to be tangentially introduced into the swirl chamber 42.
The discharge orifice 39 surrounds the diverging discharge orifice 27 of the inner nozzle washer 21 and is axially aligned therewith. The diameter of the discharge orifice 39 is greater than the outer diameter of the extended portion 28 of the inner nozzle washer 21 so as to form an annular passage therebetween.
In assembled position, the outer end of the extended portion 23 of the inner nozzle washer 21 terminates at a point axially inward from the outer end 43 of the discharge orifice 39 in the outer nozzle washer 38.
Referring again to FIGURE 1, a cap member 44 has an inner surface adapted to engage the outer peripheral surfaces of the outer sleeve member 11, the inner nozzle washer 21, and the outer nozzle washer 38. A threaded portion 45 on the cap member 44 is adapted to engage a mating threaded portion 46 provided on \the body member 1. A radially inwardly directed portion 47 of the cap member 44 abuts an outer face 48 of the outer nozzle washer 38 to secure the outer nozzle washer 38, the inner nozzle washer 21, and the outer sleeve member 11 in axial alignment against the end face 22 of the body member 1 when the cap member 44 threadedly engages the body member 1.
In operation, liquid fuel is supplied to the fuel inlet connection 4 from an external source and passes through the fuel inlet passage 2' in body member 1 where it is introduced into fuel passages 15 in the outer sleeve member 11. The fuel flows into annular chamber 24 from which it passes into tangential ports 33 and into the swirl chamber 31. into swirl chamber 31 causes the fuel to swirl and be emitted from the swirl chamber in a turbulent state. As the swirling turbulent fuel passes into the outwardly diverging discharge orifice 27, air under pressure which has been supplied through air supply passage 3 and axial flow air passage 19 is emitted from the discharge orifice 20 and impinges the turbulent fuel centrally of its flow path. As the fuel and air mixture passes through diverging discharge orifice 27, the pressure drop across the diverging discharge orifice causes the already turbulently flowing fuel and air mixture to further expand and atomize. Air which has been introduced into the swirl chamber 42 from air passages 13 and tangential ports 37 impinges the diverging fuel-air mixture in a direction parallel to the axis of the diverging discharge orifice 27 as the fuel and air mixture passes through the terminal point of the diverging discharge orifice 27 to cause a further atomization of the fuel while its passes through the discharge orifice 39. By providing a relatively small axial air discharge orifice 20 in axial alignment with the diverging discharge orifice 27, the air emitted from discharge orifice 20 serves to atomize the fuel emitted from the swirl chamber 31 and also maincharge orifice 27 and the discharge orifice 39 which will Tangential introduction of the fuel' provide an air supply or add a significant amount of air to a combustion chamber as might be used in conjunction with the nozzle assembly, thereby aiding fuel combustion within the chamber.
It is appreciated that various minor changes in the construction and arrangement of the parts may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed and further, that the invention is not limited in its application to liquid fuel atomizing nozzles, the above description merely setting forth a preferred embodiment of the subject invention.
What is claimed is:
1. An air atomizing fuel nozzle assembly comprising a body member having a fuel supply passage and an air supply passage therein, an outer sleeve member associated with said body member and defining therewith a chamber adjacent said air supply passage and communicating therewith, said outer sleeve member having a central bore therein to receive an inner sleeve member, said inner sleeve member having an axial flow air passage therein which communicates with said chamber and terminates in a first discharge orifice, an inner nozzle washer associated with said outer sleeve member and cooperating with said inner sleeve member and said outer sleeve member to define a first swirl chamber therebetween, said first swirl chamber communicating with a discharge orifice in said inner nozzle washer, said inner nozzle washer discharge orifice having an outwardly diverging surface and being substantially in axial alignment with said first discharge orifice and axially spaced outwardly therefrom such that said first discharge orifice terminates at a point in close proximity to the inner portion of said inner nozzle washer discharge orifice, an outer nozzle washer associated with said inner nozzle washer and defining therewith a second swirl chamber, said second swirl chamber communicating with a discharge orifice in said outer nozzle washer, said outer nozzle washer discharge orifice surrounding said second discharge orifice and being axially aligned therewith, said' outer nozzle washer discharge orifice being substantially cylindrical and having a diameter larger than the outer diameter of said inner nozzle washer discharge orifice, ports in said outer sleeve member and said inner nozzle washer establishing communication between said fuel supply passage and said first swirl chamber, said inner nozzle washer ports being tangentially disposed to said first swirl chamber, ports in said outer sleeve member and said outer nozzle washer establishing communication between said air supply passage and said second. swirl chamber, said outer nozzle washer ponts being tangentially disposed to said second swirl chamber, and a cap member adapted to secure said outer sleeve member, said inner nozzle washer, and said outer nozzle washer to said body member in fixed axial alignment whereby fuel emitted from said first swirl chamber is atomized by air emitted from said first discharge orifice with the resulting fuel-air mixture emitted from said inner nozzle washer discharge orifice being; further atomized by impinging air emitted from said second swirl chamber thereby creating a more thoroughly atomized fuel-air mixture.
2. An atomizing nozzle comprising an outer sleeve.
member having a central bore therein, an inner sleeve member positioned within SBJld central bore, said inner a second swirl chamber, means providing interconnecting passages between said first swirl chamber and said second swirl chamber, an outer nozzle washer abutting said inner nozzle washer and having an axial discharge orifice there through with the outer end of said inner Washer terminating axially inwardly of the outer end of said outer washer to provide a third swirl chamber axially outwardly of said second swirl chamber, and means pnoviding additional interconnecting passages between said outer sleeve member and said third swirl chamber.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS EVERETT W. KIRBY, Primary Examiner.

Claims (1)

  1. 2. AN ATOMIZING NOZZLE COMPRISING AN OUTER SLEEVE MEMBER HAVING A CENTRAL BORE THEREIN, AN INNER SLEEVE MEMBER POSITIONED WITHIN SAID CENTRAL BORE, SAID INNER SLEEVE MEMBER HAVING AN AXIAL FLOW PASSAGE THERETHROUGH TERMINATING AT ONE END IN A FIRST DISCHARGE ORIFICE, AN INNER NOZZLE WASHER ABUTTING THE END OF SAID OUTER SLEEVE MEMBER AND HAVING AN AXIAL BORE THEREIN RECEIVING SAID ONE END OF SAID INNER SLEEVE WHEREBY A FIRST SWIRL CHAMBER IS FORMED BETWEEN SAID INNER AND OUTER SLEEVE MEMBERS AND SAID INNER NOZZLE WASHER, MEANS PROVIDING INTERCONNECTING PASSAGES BETWEEN SAID OUTER SLEEVE MEMBER AND SAID FIRST SWIRL CHAMBER, SAID INNER NOZZLE WASHER AND SAID ONE END OF SAID INNER SLEEVE MEMBER PROVIDING A SECOND SWIRL CHAMBER, MEANS PROVIDING INTERCONNECTING
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US3515676A (en) * 1967-09-18 1970-06-02 Eaton Yale & Towne Oil fog generating device
US3533558A (en) * 1967-05-17 1970-10-13 Niro Atomizer As Liquid atomizer nozzle
DE2131490A1 (en) * 1970-06-26 1972-01-13 Ex Cell O Corp Air mixing nozzle
US3662960A (en) * 1966-11-21 1972-05-16 United Aircraft Corp Injector head
US3958416A (en) * 1974-12-12 1976-05-25 General Motors Corporation Combustion apparatus
US3980233A (en) * 1974-10-07 1976-09-14 Parker-Hannifin Corporation Air-atomizing fuel nozzle
US4160526A (en) * 1977-03-24 1979-07-10 Flynn Burner Corporation Liquid fuel atomizing nozzle
US4187674A (en) * 1977-01-21 1980-02-12 Rolls-Royce Limited Combustion equipment for gas turbine engines
US4221339A (en) * 1977-12-03 1980-09-09 Nakaya Sangyo Kabushiki Kaisha Liquid spraying device
US4241656A (en) * 1978-11-17 1980-12-30 Smith R. P. M. Corporation Self-cleaning nozzle for lithographic printing dampeners
US4278418A (en) * 1975-12-15 1981-07-14 Strenkert Lynn A Process and apparatus for stoichiometric combustion of fuel oil
US4356970A (en) * 1979-05-18 1982-11-02 Coen Company, Inc. Energy saving fuel oil atomizer
US4421273A (en) * 1977-03-18 1983-12-20 Aga Aktiebolag Method and apparatus for supplying oxygen gas for fuel combustion
EP0182545A2 (en) * 1984-11-20 1986-05-28 Parker Hannifin Corporation Slurry atomizer
US4752303A (en) * 1982-05-22 1988-06-21 Ruhrchemie Aktiengesellschaft Process for producing synthesis gas by partial oxidation of coal-water suspensions
US4754922A (en) * 1986-07-24 1988-07-05 Ex-Cell-O Corporation Airblast fuel injector tip with integral cantilever spring fuel metering valve and method for reducing vapor lock from high temperature
US4831700A (en) * 1986-07-24 1989-05-23 Ex-Cell-O Corporation Method for making a fuel injector
US4938418A (en) * 1988-12-01 1990-07-03 Fuel Systems Textron Inc. Modular fuel nozzle assembly for gas turbine engines
US4938417A (en) * 1989-04-12 1990-07-03 Fuel Systems Textron Inc. Airblast fuel injector with tubular metering valve
US4962889A (en) * 1987-12-11 1990-10-16 Fuel Systems Textron Inc. Airblast fuel injection with adjustable valve cracking pressure
US4967963A (en) * 1988-06-28 1990-11-06 International Paper Company Saw guide lubrication system
US5012975A (en) * 1990-02-21 1991-05-07 Pfizer Inc. Apparatus and method for mixing and spraying a slurry
US5014918A (en) * 1989-04-12 1991-05-14 Fuel Systems Textron Inc. Airblast fuel injector
US5056715A (en) * 1990-02-21 1991-10-15 Pfizer Inc. Apparatus for mixing and spraying a slurry
US5090619A (en) * 1990-08-29 1992-02-25 Pinnacle Innovations Snow gun having optimized mixing of compressed air and water flows
US5102054A (en) * 1989-04-12 1992-04-07 Fuel Systems Textron Inc. Airblast fuel injector with tubular metering valve
US5174504A (en) * 1989-04-12 1992-12-29 Fuel Systems Textron, Inc. Airblast fuel injector
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US5505045A (en) * 1992-11-09 1996-04-09 Fuel Systems Textron, Inc. Fuel injector assembly with first and second fuel injectors and inner, outer, and intermediate air discharge chambers
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US6053420A (en) * 1996-04-10 2000-04-25 Abb Research Ltd. Dispersion apparatus and process for producing a large cloud of an electrostatically charged powder/air mixture
US6056213A (en) * 1998-01-30 2000-05-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Modular system for atomizing a liquid
US20040098989A1 (en) * 2002-03-15 2004-05-27 Mansour Adel B. Multi function simplex/prefilmer nozzle
WO2005022036A1 (en) * 2003-09-01 2005-03-10 Danfoss A/S A nozzle for air-assisted atomization of a liquid fuel
US20070075158A1 (en) * 2005-09-22 2007-04-05 Pelletier Robert R Nozzle assembly
US20080066720A1 (en) * 2006-09-14 2008-03-20 James Scott Piper Gas turbine fuel injector with a removable pilot assembly
US20090107147A1 (en) * 2007-10-26 2009-04-30 James Scott Piper Gas turbine fuel injector with removable pilot liquid tube
US20130177636A1 (en) * 2010-04-09 2013-07-11 Pacira Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Method for formulating large diameter synthetic membrane vesicles
US8893500B2 (en) 2011-05-18 2014-11-25 Solar Turbines Inc. Lean direct fuel injector
US8919132B2 (en) 2011-05-18 2014-12-30 Solar Turbines Inc. Method of operating a gas turbine engine
US9182124B2 (en) 2011-12-15 2015-11-10 Solar Turbines Incorporated Gas turbine and fuel injector for the same
EP2495051A4 (en) * 2009-10-30 2015-12-09 Lead Industry Company Ltd Gas-liquid mixing nozzle, and emulsion fuel combustion system and environment purification material spray system that use same
US20160199869A1 (en) * 2013-08-13 2016-07-14 Sames Technologies Sprayer for a liquid coating product and spraying facility comprising such a sprayer

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US1587249A (en) * 1922-10-23 1926-06-01 Kingsley L Martin Method of and apparatus for burning oil
US1569805A (en) * 1924-05-02 1926-01-12 Joseph A Hebert Oil burner
US2612405A (en) * 1949-06-03 1952-09-30 Ind Karlsruhe Ag Spraying nozzle
US2701164A (en) * 1951-04-26 1955-02-01 Gen Motors Corp Duplex fuel nozzle

Cited By (63)

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