US317371A - Type-writing machine - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.:

J. A. LEY.

TYPE WRI MAG E.

110,317,371. f P ma May 5, 1885.

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TYPE WRITING MACHINE. I No. 317,371. Patented May 5, 1885.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN vA. KALEY, OF CAREY, OHIO.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFCATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 317,371, dated May 5, 1885.

Application filed SeptcmberQO, 1883. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom t may concern.:

Be it known that I, JOHN A. KALEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Carey, in the county of Wyandot and State of Ohio,

5 have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Type-Writers, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My improvements in type-writers consist in details of construction, and in the combination, arrangement, and operation of parts, as hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating my invention, in the several figures of which like parts are similarly designated, Figure l is a top plan view of the machine complete. Fig. 2 is a top plan view on a larger scale, with the bedroller, the top plate, and the type-disk removed. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation in the plane of the line x x, Fig. 2, same scale. Fig. et is a cross-section on the lin'e y y, Fig. 1, same scale as said Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a bottom plan view of the type-disk; Fig. 6, a top plan view of the disk-operating cam; Fig?, a side clevation of said cam; Fig. 8, a vertical section of the cam; Fig. 9, top andvsectional view of the cam-securing washer; Fig. l0, a cross-section of one of the inking-reservoirs; Fig. 11, a detail, partly in section, of a joint for the key-stem and lever; Fig. 12, a partly-sectional plan view of one end of the roller-carriage, showing its gage and the spring-lock bolt for the roller-moving lever. Fig. 13 is a crosssection on the line' z, Fig. 1. Fig. 14 is a bottom plan view of one end of the carriage and the adjustable pawl for governing its extent of progression. Fig. 15 is a perspective view of a key or crank tol hold the bed-roller in position with relation to the type-disk; Fig. 16, a det-ail elevation ofthe break-down roller feed-lever, and Fig. 17 is a side elevation of the bell-hammer trippiece. In my invention the types are arranged upon the outer ends of arms radiating from a common center, and as a whole in the general shape of a concave disk, a, of metal. of which a is the hub, a2 and ai re-enfeieefs therefor, a4 the type-arms, and a5 a alphabets of small and capital letters, and numerals and punctuation and other marks, arranged in concentric circles at the'outcr ends of the arms, said arms being springs. The types may be of rubber cemented to the metal, or they may be of other material and otherwise attached to the arms, or may be one with the arms. The hub of the disk has an angular orifice, a?, which matches an angular seat, b', on the shaft b2 of the typedisk-moving cam b, so as to rotate with but not upon said cam-shaft, and the disk is detachably connected to said shaft and secured in its seat thereon by a washer, c, having cam surfaces or inclines c' c binding against projecting pins b b on the cam-shaft b2. The Washer c has notches c2 cl cut in it, whereby it is set down upon the disk astride the pins b3 bi, and then, being turned a quarter-turn or so, its camsurfaces c' c pass under said pins and bind there. A forked wrench to t the opposite grooves, c3 c3, in the washer may be used to operate the washer. By thus arranging the type-disk a number of disks containing a variety of type may be readily employed on any one machine. The cam proper, b, is a spiralfaced oval plate projecting from the shaft and having a flanged edge, b4, forming the acting surfaces of the cam. and slotted vertically at opposite points of the oval or double ellipse, as at b5 b5. The cam-shaft b2 is slotted vertically, as at b, fora distance aboutequal to the height of the cam, and in said slot is arrangedalever, d', pivoted centrally to the shaft, and jointed at its ends are the horizontal members d2 d3, the free ends of which extend out laterally from the shaft and play vertically in the slots b5 b5 of the cam. The shaft b2 is pierced longitudinally in its upper end to receive a gravity-pin, e, rested on or connected with the upper edge of the member d, and similarly pierced in its lower end to receive the pin c', and said shaft is stepped at each end to fit in suitable bearings for it. The arrangement of this mechan ism is such (see Fig. 8) that downward pressure upon the upper edge of thelower member, d3, will depress it and elevate the member (Il, and upward pressure upon the lower or under edge of the upper member, cl2, will raise it and depress the lower member, d, and these movements are effected through the type-operating keys, as will bc hereinafter specified.

Referring to Fig. 4, f is a bridge on the baseplate f', which forms the lower bearing for the cam-shaft, and fl is a segmental plate supported upon posts f3, arranged in an are of a IOO circle upon the base-plate f', and equal in number to half the number of type-keys, and

spaced to admit the passage between them of the type-keys. rlhe plate f2 forms a support 5 or stay for the upper end of the cam-shaft,

and the type-disk is secured to said shaft above said plate.

lhe typebperating keys or devices are of `several kinds, and may be designated levers lo of the first and third class, and are such in order to adapt them to the most advantageous disposition of the letters, &c., in straightlines on the key-board. Thesekey-levers have their ends for operating the type-disk shaft grouped about such shaft, and the levers then radiate from this shaft as a center, their ends which have the letter or key stopping at such points,

as stated, as to give arectilinear arrangement ofthe letters or keys in banks. Those keylevers g whose fulcra g' are at their ends and keys or operating-knobs g2 between their fulcra and acting ends are provided with springs g3, which keep their acting ends elevated and in position to act, when depressed, upon the upper` edge of the cam b, and those levers h whose fulcra h are between their acting ends and keys h2 have springs h3, which are arranged to throw said acting ends down, so that when the keys of said levers are depressed their 3o active ends are raised into contact with the under side of the cam. The acting ends of these key-levers extend in between the posts f in pairs-one an upperand the other alower lever-and thus the Series of key-levers are separated from one another in pairs by said posts, and, furthermore, guided thereby in their movement. The cam is so nicely arranged in its bearings and its spirality so adjusted that the striking of its surface by the key or type levers is sufficient to turn said cam to bring the type of the key struck in position for the impression of such type upon the paper, the cam being stopped at the right point by the engagement of the lever of the key .45 struck with the slot in the edge Bange of the cam. The transmission of the blow of the key to the typearm is effected through the member cl2, pin e, and a hammer, i. This hammer is pivoted at 1) over the typedisk 5o upon a hinged shelf, i2, and is a lever of the first class. rlhe hinged shelf has a bracket, t, projecting forwardly into the machine and in line with the camshaft, for the upper end of which it forms a stay, and the pin c is by the operation of the member d projected up through this bracket, and striking against said Yhammer t' causes its acting end to give a blow to the type-arm beneath it sul'licient to make the impression of such type upon the paper 6:1 beneath it. The type-arms being springs, re-

cover themselves afterlthe key is released. The shelf 2 is hingedto the frame of the machine so that it and its hammer may be turned aside and disengaged from the type-disk and eamshaft to permit the removal of the type-disk for repairs or for the substitut-ion of another, or for access to the internal mechanism. rlhc key board or top of the machine is preferably arranged in banks or steps, substantially as shown, and thc'key levers radiate from the cam as acentcr to their knobs, as before stated. Ink is supplied to the types from ink-reservoirs jj, which are removably arranged in the machine upon dovetail bearings or ways j', brushes jl within the reservoirs serving to convey the ink and distribute it to the type as the disk is revolved over and in contact therewith. The flanged ways or guides k 7c receive the carriage l of'tlie paper-roller bed m. The base Z of the carriage fits in these ways or guides, and its edge next the machine is provided with a toothed rack, Z2. To lessen friction, said carriage is mounted on rollers Z3, and to limit its extreme movements it is provided with stops at opposite ends to engage a stop, k2, on'the bedf. One of these stops, Z, is frictionally though movably held on the base Z', and can be moved to be thrown out of line of the stop k2, so as to allow of the entire removal of the carriage from its ways.

To limit the movement of the roller within its extremes-as for printing a short line or on a narrow sh'ltct Iprovide an adjustable cam` lever, n, provided with a carrying-frame, n', on a rod, azi/extending longitudinally of and supported in the carriage, so that by moving the frame and lever along the rod to a point where the desired length of line may be obtained. the cam-lever is so turned as to bind through its carrying-frame upon the rod, and be thereby held at that point, and in the traverse of the roller-carriage said cam-lever will come in contact with the pin n3 on the way 7c, and the motion of the carriage be thereby arrested. It will be noticed that this cam-lever binds for motion in both directions. The roller mis of the usual rubber pattern, and is provided at one end with a feed-ratchet, m', operable in either direction by a reversible gravity or spring pawl, o, which rests upon and slides over the ratchet, and is pivoted to a lever, o, which has a hand-piece, o2. This hand-piece is secured to the lever o by a slipjoint of any suitable construction, whereby it may be folded more compactly for storage. Such a joint may composed of a slotted tenon, o3, on the handle, (see Fig. 16,) provided with a pin, o", the tenon fitting in a socket, o, in the lever o', and having a cavity for the pin o", and the handle and lever secured by a transverse pin, 06, passing through the slot in the tenon and fixed in the lever, and allowing a longitudinal movement of the handle equal to the length of the pin o, which movement is sufficient to permit the withdrawal and insertion of the pin with respect to the socket-cavity, and consequently the folding of the handle or its rigid alignment with the lever o. This device I designate a breakdown handle.7 The extent of movement or rotation of the roller by the engagement of the pawl with the ratchet is controlled by a governor, m2, which is a cam-like device pivoted and frictionally held to the head m3 of the car- IOO riage and movable toward and from the roller, so as to-vary the length of throw the lever may receive, and thereby regulate the number of teeth, or the distance the roller may be moved bythe pawl in each movement of the lever, and thus the distance between the lines of printing. In Fig. 13 this governor is shown in that position in whichV the lever o has its greatest extent of movement, and it is obvious that if the said governor have its free end turned up toward the lever said lever cannot descend beyond the point occupied by said end of the governor. The pawl o is made reversible,in order to provide for the contingency of returning the paper, instead of forwarding it, as to correct errors, duc. Referring to Fig. 13, it will be observed that the handle o2 is simply a lever pivoted on the shaft of the roller, but movable independently of said roller. New, in order to reverse the paw] o,if the handle be moved on its pivot in the direction of arrow 1 till the upper edge (manlicdzqf) of said pawl comes next the tooth just above the tooth with which said pawl is shown in full lines engaged, then said pawl can beswung around or rotated on its pivot into the dotted-line position, when it is operable to rotate the bed-roller in the opposite direction. This reversal of the pawl can-be effected, because, when the handle is moved in the direction indicated by arrow 1, it lifts the pawl with it, and when lifted sufciently the distance between the pawls pivot and the lower end of the edge o6 is less than the distance between the pawls pivot and the point of the tooth on which it rested. After the handle and its pawl have been used to rotate the bed-roller in this position, the handle may be lowered and allowed to rest upon the cam m2 while the writing or correction proceeds. In some positions of the bed-rolleroperating mechanism the pawlo will not automatically engage the teeth of the ratchet m; and when in said positions the linger is used to place and hold said pawl against the ratchet until by moving` the handle-it engages a tooth. lThe roller isineased next the machine by a metallic shield, m4, which shield also serves as a guide for the paper.

'm5 is a movable hold-down and gage for the paper, swung on the shaft of the roller and movable concentrieally with the surface of the roller. This gage is swung back as far underneath the printing-disk as it will go to permit the insertion and removal of the paper. Its forward movement is li mited by a pin or other stop, Z5, Fig. 1.

m6 is a spring pin or bolt arranged transversely of and in the head m ofthe roller-carriage to limit the range of movement toward the machine of the rollerfeeding lever o o ol when in use, and to lock it up between itself and the shield m* (see Fig. 1) within the compass of the machine when it is disjointed for storage.

The mechanism for imparting a progressive stepbystep feed to the roller-'carriage consists of a lever, p, suitably fulcrumed, and

having its free or power end provided with a projection, p', extending under the bridge f, in which the cam-shaft finds a bearing. This projection p', and consequently the lever p, is kept normally elevated by a spring, p2, Figs. 2 and 3, and serves to receive the lower pin, e', of the camshaft b2. The lever p is further provided with a iixed tooth, p3, to engage the teeth of the roller-carriage rack, and also with a pivoted tooth, p4, moving against a spring, p5, which spring holds said tooth normally the distance of one rack-tooth from the tooth p3,- but by means of the dog p, pivoted to the tooth p", said tooth may be so moved upon its pivot with respect to the spring as that it will be separated from the tooth p the distance of two of the rack-teeth, as indicated in Fig. 14. In'this position the spring p5 presses on the corners toward the pivots of the parts p* and p6, and thereby holds them in position. Now, the movement of the key-levers upon the cam, and the consequent rotation of such cam to eifect the positioning of the types, and the movement of the lever d as a result, not only raises pin e to effect the operation of the hammer, but at the same time depresses, through its lower member, d, the pin e, audit, striking the end p of the lever p,depresses said lever and causes its teeth p" p4 to so engage the teeth of the rack as to cause the advance of the roller the distance or length of one or two teeth, just as it may be set. The distance is v'aried in accordance with the work to be done or the spacing required or the type used. The tooth p is recovered or 11e-engaged with the rack by the spring pl. The tooth p3 serves as a stop to prevent back motion to such rack while freely allowing its forward movement. The movement of the roller-carriage is effected by a spring-fusee, q, on the type-writer frame, Fig. l, the chain q of which extends to the handle end of the same and normally tends to draw the roller toward the other end of the machine, or in the direction of printing. The reversal of the carriage is effected manually, the tooth p being disengaged from the rack by a push-rod, r, suitably supported, provided with a spring, r', to hold it normally retracted, and operated bya bit, r2, on ahandshaft, r, to push said piece against the tooth p" and throw and hold it out of engagement with the rack, the spring 1" returning the push-piece when released from the handshaft bit, and the spring p5 returning the tooth p4 when released from the push-rod fr. By means of this push-rod 'r and the movable stop Z the roller-carriage may be run wholly out ot' the machine.

The mechanism for automatically notifying the operator when the carriage has run its length consists of a bell, s, suitably supported and struck by a hammer, s', which is arranged upon a lever-handle, s2, pivoted ats3 to the way or guide la. This handle has the right-angled portion s,whieh is then again extended parallel with s2, as the end s. This end s extends longitudinally of and over the guide k', and it IOO IIO

1o from the bell, and when the said swing-piece passes the eXtreme end of the part s4 thebspring 85 forcibly throws the hammer against the bell to sound an alarm, and the swing-piece passes over it in the return of the carriage and again drops behind and beneath it. Y

rIhe guides or ways for the carriage are arranged on the bed f on armsz, t,which project beneath the key-board, and are movably held to the bed by pins t t, passed into the bed through slots t2 t2 in the said arms. These arms are provided at their front ends with vertical slotted posts t t. A rock-shaft, u, is supported in the front of the machine, or part next the operator, and has crank-arms a u,with lateral pins thereon which engage the slotted posts t t in such manner that when the shaft is rocked its cranks will move the arms and their attached carriage nearer to or farther from the type-disk to bring into line either the inner or outer circle of types on the Atype-arms. The rocking of the shaft is accomplished by depressing the key u2, the shank or stem of which is attached to the arm a of said Shaft. The spring u", acting against the pin a5 of the shaft, returns said shaft and the carriage to its position when the key is released. The rock-shaft may be locked in either position by the engagement of the crank or key u with the pin u?, this key being a vertical shaft set in the framing and having an operating-handle on the key-board, as indicated at u, Fig. 1, and two bits at opposite edges,(see Fig. 4..) The upper bit engages the said pin a7, as shown, in one of the positions of the shaft u, and the lower bit engages it in the other. rIhis latter engagement is made by turning said lower bit in front of said pin a7 after it has been turned down as far as possible. As the roller-carriage is moved backward and forward the rack-operating mechanism must also be moved. For this purpose the lever p is movably supported on the ful` eral pin p7, which passes through a hole in a stud, 198,(see Fig. 3,) 011 the base-plate, and the projection p slides under the lower end of the pin e. A spring, p", (see Fig. 2,) holds the rack-operating mechanism against the rack of the carriage in either of the positions of said carriage.

By the employment of the movable carriage and the rock-shaft and its key, I am enabled to. bring an upper and lower case type writer within a very small compass, and to have the type-disk of small diameter and the parts greatly compacted. W'hen a large disk is used, the key a is set so that it will engage the pin on the rockshaft and hold the roller in proper relation thereto, and so with the small disk, said key holds the roller similarly, but its position is nearer the keys.

The lever p is operable independently ofthe cam and type-keys, to permit the arbitrary movement of the roller tooth bytoothe-as for making spaces. 8vo-by means of thezbell.- crank let er t, pivoted to the post o" and havl ing an arm, t", and knob or push-piece t?.

The keys w w connect the one with a lever@y w, held acting end down below the cam by spring, and the other with a lever, w3, held acting end up above the cam by a spring, and these levers act upon the cam, as do the typekey levers--namely, to turn it; but they are too thick to enter the slots in the cam, and hence do not actuate the arms of the lever d', their function being to turn the type-disk over the inking-reservoirs to ink the types thoronghly,when they may have become dry from disuse, before printing begins. lIhe slots if b5 of the cam are a little to one side of the apexes of the same, so that the succeeding keylever will not impede the egress of its predecessor, and will not strike the point of the cam as a dead-point.

In Fig. l1 I have shown a simple and preferred way of connecting the key or knob stems with their levers, the same being in substanceaknucklejoint, to avoid the use of pins or rivets to make a more durable connection.

In the arrangement of the key-levers in the framing, instead of all being levers of either the first 4or third class, it may be necessary to make some as compound levers to get all within the compass of the machine.

As is entirely obvious, slotted joints may be provided in the keys where necessary to get the depression and elevation. The knucklejoint obviates this.

The rotation of the typedisk to bring the types into position, as desired, and to ink them is effected bythe contact of the key-levers with thc edge-flange of the cam, and the moment said levers successively strike theI arms of the lever d in said flange the rotation of the type-disk is arrested, and said arms are operated to move the pins c c', and through them the type-hammer and the rack pawl or lever p.

The hammer fi, instead of being a lever,may be a spring fixedsnbstantially at the point of the pivot er fulcrum of the lever.

The pins t t have heads of less width than the slots t2, and said heads normally stand lengthwise across said slots, as at the bottom of Fig. 2, to retain the carriage on the bed, but permitting its adjustment, and said heads may be turned so that their length shall be longitudinal of the slots t2, as shown at the upper end of said Fig. 2, to permit the entire removal of the carriage and its appurtenances.

What I claim is- 1. A type-disk for type-writers, consisting of the disk of plate metal slitted radially, as

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shown, to form spring type-bearing arms,and Y adapted for ready attachment to and detachment from its rotating mechanism, substantially as shown and described.

2. The type-disk, its supporting-shaft, and a cam on said shaft, combined with key-levers engaging such cam to rotate the shaft to bring the desired type into position, substantially as described.

3. The type-disk, its supporting-shaft,a cam on said shaft, and key-levers engaging such shaft to rotate the shaft to bring the desired type into position, combined with the lever d', and its attached arms in said shaft operated by said key-levers, a pin actuated 'by one of said arms, and a type-hammer overhanging the type-disk and operated to strike and depress a type by the raising of said pin by the said arm,substantially as shown and described.

4. The combination, substantially as shown and described, of a type-disk composed of a series of type-bearing arms radiating from a common center, an operatinghammer for said arms, a cam-shaft on which the disk is supported, key-levers'lfor rotating such shaft, a lever, d, and its attached arms in said shaft operated by said key-levers, a pin in said shaft actuated by one of said arms to cause the hammer to strike the type-arm, and-anotherv pin in said shaft actuated bythe other of said arms to cause the step-by-step progression of the bed-roller as the Writing proceeds. l

5. In a type-Writer having the type-disk and the cam-shaft with the lever d and its attached arms, the combination of the movable bed-roller carriage provided with a rack-bar, and the lever p, movably supported to follow the adjustments of the bed-roller carriage and provided with the pivoted tooth pt, and the spring p5 and dog p, to hold the same in its tWo positions, al1 substantially as shown and described.

6.` In a type-Writer, the bed-roller having the ratchet at its end, combined with the breakdown handle and the reversible feed-pawl pivoted thereon, substantially as and for the purpose described.

7. The combinatiomwith the bed-roller feedpawl, of its bolt `or pin for locking it in position, substantially as described.

8. The combination, With the bed-roller, of its carriage, and a stop which can be adj usted to permit the entire Withdrawal of the carriage and roller from its Ways, substantially as described.

9. The keys or knobs and their levers, combined with a connecting knuckle-joint, sub- I stantially as described.

10. The combination, with the type-disk, its cam-shaft and inking mechanism, of levers engaging such shaft to rotate such disk to ink its type independently of the key-levers and type-striking mechanism, substantially as described.

11. In a type-Writer, the combination, With the radiating typearms,the camshaft to bring them into position under the action of the keylevers, of said key-levers, having their knobs or keys arranged in parallel right lines, and their levers radiating from the types as a eenter, substantially as described.

12. In a type-Writing machine having the rotating type-disk, substantially as described, the combination, with the bed-roller, its carriage, and Ways for such carriage, of the rockshaft a, connected with the ways of the carriage through the arms t t, and means, substantially as shown, to operate said rock-shaft to place the bed-roller under the different sets of type on the type-disk, and a key or crank to engage the rock-shaft to lock said shaft, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 17th day of September, A. D. 1883.

JOHN A. KALEY.

Witnesses:

FRANK WALBORN, W. T. DIoKERsoN.

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