US2869290A - Dual abrasive blast nozzle - Google Patents

Dual abrasive blast nozzle Download PDF

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US2869290A
US2869290A US606233A US60623356A US2869290A US 2869290 A US2869290 A US 2869290A US 606233 A US606233 A US 606233A US 60623356 A US60623356 A US 60623356A US 2869290 A US2869290 A US 2869290A
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abrasive
nozzle
tips
tapered
liners
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US606233A
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Ray A Stokes
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/02—Blast guns, e.g. for generating high velocity abrasive fluid jets for cutting materials
    • B24C5/04—Nozzles therefor

Definitions

  • This invention relates to surface treatment and more particularly to a dual abrasive blast nozzle so designed and constructed as to project two substantially parallel overlapping jets of abrasive which will treat a surface several times the area of that normally treated by a single jet nozzle and with substantially no increase in abrasive consumption.
  • a further object of the invention is the provision of a dual abrasive blast nozzle which incorporates a pair of nozzle tips so arranged as to treat an area two to four times the area treated by a single nozzle and with substantially no increase in abrasive consumption when compared to a single nozzle.
  • a still further object of the invention is the provision of a dual abrasive blast nozzle in which all internal parts subjected to abrasive wear are composed of replaceable relatively hard metallic inserts.
  • Another object of the invention is the provision of a dual abrasive blast nozzle comprising a body and a nozzle member and in which such body and nozzle member may be formed of relatively lightweight metal, such as aluminum or a suitable alloy, or of other suitable materials and in which the internal parts subject to wear comprise replaceable relatively hard metallic inserts.
  • Another object of the invention is the provision of a dual abrasive blast nozzle in which the parts subject to abrasive Wear comprise replaceable relatively hard metallic inserts and in which such inserts may be removed and replaced in a minimum of time and without requiring the use of special tools.
  • a further object of the invention is the provision of a dual abrasive blast nozzle designed to treat an area two to four times the area covered by a single nozzle and which is of such lightweight and convenient construction as to be easily handled by a single operator and without requiring the use of mechanical suspension or supporting devices.
  • Fig. l is a side elevational view of a dual abrasive blast nozzle constructed in accordance with this in vention
  • Fig. 2 an end elevational view of the nozzle shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 a transverse sectional view taken substantially on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 a fragmentary transverse sectional view taken substantially on the line 4--4 of Fig. 3.
  • a dual abrasive blast nozzle constructed in accordance with this invention and which may well comprise an elongated hollow body 10 terminating in an enlarged head 11 of generally oval cross section, to which is removably secured a nozzle member 12.
  • the hollow body 10 comprises an elongated tubular portion 13 which serves to receive a llexible conduit 14, such as a suitable hose for conducting abrasive to the nozzle and the conduit 14 may be secured in the tubular portion 13 of the body 10 by suitable screw threaded fastening means 15 extending through apertures in the tubular portion 13 and threadedly received in the material of the conduit 14.
  • a llexible conduit 14 such as a suitable hose for conducting abrasive to the nozzle
  • suitable screw threaded fastening means 15 extending through apertures in the tubular portion 13 and threadedly received in the material of the conduit 14.
  • other conduit fastening means may be utilized if convenient or desirable.
  • the body 10 terminates at one end in an enlarged generally oval head 11 and such head is provided with a longitudinally extending ange 16 which defines an axially opening recess 17 in the head 11 of generally oval cross section.
  • a transverse flange 1S connects the tubular portion 13 of the body 1t) with the longitudinally extending marginal iiange 16 of the head 11.
  • the nozzle member 12 is provided with a generally oval shaped base portion 19 and such base is provided with a reduced extension 20 which is seated in the recess 17 of the head 11 and surrounded by the flange 16.
  • the reduced portion 20 of the base portion 19 terminates in a shoulder 21 which abuts the outer end surface of the marginal ange 16.
  • the nozzle member 12 may be removably secured to the head 11 of the body 10 by suitable screw threaded fastening means 22 extending through the base portion 19 of the nozzle member 12 and through the radial flange 18 of the head 11.
  • a pair of spaced substantially parallel hollow nozzle tips 23 and such tips are provided with tapered or conical bores 24.
  • Seated in the bores 24 and extending throughout the length thereof are removable relatively hard metal liners 25 and such liners are tapered to provide rm contact with the surface of the bores 24 and the liners 25 are in turn provided with tapered bores 26 which serve to concentrate the abrasive blast in twin overlapping conical jets.
  • a cavity 27 of generally oval cross section which cavity communicates with the bores 26 in the liners 25 and also with the tubular portion 13 of the body 10.
  • an abrasive flow dividing insert 3l? of relatively hard metal Seated within the cavity 27 and conveniently removable therefrom is an abrasive flow dividing insert 3l? of relatively hard metal and such insert 3d is provided with spaced tapered substantially parallel projections 31 which are seated in the inner ends of liners 25.
  • the projections 31 terminate at their inner ends in shoulders 32 which engage the inner ends of the liners 25 and securely hold such liners in position within the nozzle tips 23.
  • the insert 30 is provided with tapered bores 33 extending through the projections 31 and in axial alignment with the bores 26 in the liners 25.
  • a tapered partition 35 Integral with the wall 34 between the tapered bores 33 and the insert 30 is a tapered partition 35 which projects from the wall 34 into the tubular portion 13 of the body 1t). It will thus be seen that abrasive flowing through the conduit 14 and into the tubular portion of the body 10 will be equally divided by the partition 35 and directed into the tapered bores 33 of the insert 3G. The abrasive will then flow through the bores 26 of the liners 25 and be projected against the surface to be treated. Since the partition 35 is disposed substantially along the axis of the tubular portion 13 of the body 10, it.
  • the 0 flow of abrasive will be substantially equally divided befrom a suitable lightweight material, such as aluminum, or some suitable lightweight alloy or from any other suitable material and only the liners 25 and the insert 30 need be of relatively heavy material, since these liners and inserts are the only parts of the device which are subject to abrasive wear and such parts may be conveniently removed and replaced merely by removing the fastening means 22 and separating the nozzle member 12 from the head portion 1l of the body 10.
  • the liners 25 and insert 30 do not, however, add suicient weight to the device to prevent the convenient operation and handling of the same by a single operator.
  • the dual blast nozzle of this invention provides twin conical overlapping jets which will treat a surface from two to four times the area treated by a single nozzle and with approximately the same abrasive consumption. It will, therefore, be seen that the cost of surface treatment by an abrasive blast is materially reduced and furthermore, the nozzle of this invention may be conveniently constructed from readily available materials and without requiring accurate machining of the parts t ereby materially reducing the cost of the nozzle. Furthermore, the parts may be readily replaced without utilizing special tools or requiring skilled labor, thereby materially reducing the cost of maintenance of the apparatus and loss of operating time due to the wear or failure of the nozzle parts.
  • a duai abrasive blast nozzle comprising an elongated hollow body, means to secure a flexible conduit to said body at one end thereof, said body terminating at the opposite end in an enlarged head of generally oval shape, a longitudinally extending marginal flange on said head providing an axially opening recess of generally oval cross section, a nozzle member comprising a generally oval base portion seated in said recess and removably secured to said head, a pair of spaced substantially parallel hollow nozzle tips extending axially from said base portion, relatively hard, removable, tapered metal liners in said tips, a cavity in said base portion of generally oval cross section and communicating with said tips and an abrasive ow dividing insert of relatively hard metal seated in said cavity, said insert having spaced, tapered, substantially parallel projections seated in the inner ends of said liners, shoulders on said projections engaging the inner ends of said liners, tapered bores in said insert and projections in axial alignment with said tips and a tapered partition integral with said
  • a dual abrasive blast nozzle comprising an elongated hollow body, means to secure a rlexible conduit to said body at one end thereof, said body terminating at the opposite end in an enlarged head of generally oval shape, a longitudinally extending marginal flange on said head providing an axially opening recess of generally oval cross section, a nozzle member comprising a generally oval base portion seated in said recess and removably secured to said head, a pair of spaced substantially parallel hollow nozzle tips extending axially from said base portion, relatively hard, removable, tapered metal liners in said tips, a cavity in said base portion of generally oval cross section and communicating with said tips and an abrasive tlow dividing insert of relatively hard metal seated in said cavity, said insert having spaced, tapered, substantially parallel projections seated in the inner ends of said liners, tapered bores in said insert and projections in axial alignment with said tips and a tapered partition integral with said insert and projecting from the wall between said bores into said
  • a dual abrasive blast nozzle comprising an elongated hollow body, means to secure a flexible conduit to said body at one end thereof, said body terminating at the opposite end in an enlarged head of generally oval shape, a longitudinally extending marginal ange on said head providing an axially opening recess of generally oval cross section, a nozzle member comprising a generally oval base portion seated in said recess and removably secured to said head, a pair of spaced substantially parallel hollow nozzle tips extending axially from said base portion, relatively hard, removable, tapered liners in said tips, a cavity in said base portion of generally oval cross section and communicating with said tips and an abrasive flow dividing insert of relatively hard material seated in said cavity, said insert having spaced, tapered, substantially parallel projections seated in the inner ends of said liners, tapered bores in said insert and projections in axial alignment with said tips and a tapered partition projecting from the wall between said bores into said body to divide and direct the flow of abrasive
  • a dual abrasive blast nozzle comprising an elongated hollow body, means to secure a flexible conduit to said body at one end thereof, said body terminating at the opposite end in an enlarged head, a longitudinally extending marginal ilange on said head providing an axially opening recess, a nozzle member comprising a base portion seated in said recess and removably secured to said head, a pair of spaced substantially parallel hollow nozzle tips extending axially from said base portion, relatively hard, removable, tapered liners in said tips, a cavity in said base portion communicating with said time and an abrasive ow dividing insert of relatively hard material seated in said cavity, said insert having spaced, tapered, substantially parallel projections seated in the inner ends of said liners, tapered bores in said insert and projections in axial alignment with said tips and a tapered partition projecting from the walls between said bores into said body to divide and direct the ow of abrasive from said conduit substantially equally between said tips.
  • a dual abrasive blast nozzle comprising an elongated hollow body, means to secure a flexible conduit to said body at one end thereof, said body terminating at the opposite end in an enlarged head, an axially opening recess in said head, a nozzle member comprising a base portion seated in said recess and removably secured to said head, a pair of spaced substantially parallel hollow nozzle tips extending axially from said base portion, relatively hard, removable, tapered liners in said tips, a cavity in said base portion communicating with said tips and an abrasive flow dividing insert of relatively hard material seated in said cavity, said insert having spaced, tapered, substantially parallel projections seated in the inner ends of said liners, tapered bores in said insert and projections in axial alignment with said tips and a tapered partition projecting from the wall between said bores into said body to divide and direct the flow of said abrasive from said conduit substantially equally between said tips.

Description

Jan. 20, 1959 R. A. sToKEs DUAL. ABRAsIvE: BLAST NozzLE Filed Aug. 27, 1956 INVENT OR ATTORNEY RY A. STO/(ES United This invention relates to surface treatment and more particularly to a dual abrasive blast nozzle so designed and constructed as to project two substantially parallel overlapping jets of abrasive which will treat a surface several times the area of that normally treated by a single jet nozzle and with substantially no increase in abrasive consumption.
Heretofore, numerous types of multiple jet nozzles have been proposed and utilized, but in general, these were relatively heavy complex structures which could not be conveniently handled by a single operator and furthermore, these prior art designs appreciably increased the consumption of abrasive. Furthermore, these prior art abrasive nozzles were subject to excessive wear due to the abrasive action and consequently, required frequent and relatively costly repairs.
It is accordingly an object of this invention to provide a dual abrasive blast nozzle which is of relatively light weight and of relatively economical construction.
A further object of the invention is the provision of a dual abrasive blast nozzle which incorporates a pair of nozzle tips so arranged as to treat an area two to four times the area treated by a single nozzle and with substantially no increase in abrasive consumption when compared to a single nozzle.
A still further object of the invention is the provision of a dual abrasive blast nozzle in which all internal parts subjected to abrasive wear are composed of replaceable relatively hard metallic inserts.
Another object of the invention is the provision of a dual abrasive blast nozzle comprising a body and a nozzle member and in which such body and nozzle member may be formed of relatively lightweight metal, such as aluminum or a suitable alloy, or of other suitable materials and in which the internal parts subject to wear comprise replaceable relatively hard metallic inserts.
Another object of the invention is the provision of a dual abrasive blast nozzle in which the parts subject to abrasive Wear comprise replaceable relatively hard metallic inserts and in which such inserts may be removed and replaced in a minimum of time and without requiring the use of special tools.
A further object of the invention is the provision of a dual abrasive blast nozzle designed to treat an area two to four times the area covered by a single nozzle and which is of such lightweight and convenient construction as to be easily handled by a single operator and without requiring the use of mechanical suspension or supporting devices.
Further objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing wherein:
Fig. l is a side elevational view of a dual abrasive blast nozzle constructed in accordance with this in vention;
Fig. 2 an end elevational view of the nozzle shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 a transverse sectional view taken substantially on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2; and
Fig. 4 a fragmentary transverse sectional view taken substantially on the line 4--4 of Fig. 3.
fpftetlt Patented Jan. 20, 1959 With continued reference to the drawing there is shown a dual abrasive blast nozzle constructed in accordance with this invention and which may well comprise an elongated hollow body 10 terminating in an enlarged head 11 of generally oval cross section, to which is removably secured a nozzle member 12. The hollow body 10 comprises an elongated tubular portion 13 which serves to receive a llexible conduit 14, such as a suitable hose for conducting abrasive to the nozzle and the conduit 14 may be secured in the tubular portion 13 of the body 10 by suitable screw threaded fastening means 15 extending through apertures in the tubular portion 13 and threadedly received in the material of the conduit 14. Obviously, other conduit fastening means may be utilized if convenient or desirable.
As stated above, the body 10 terminates at one end in an enlarged generally oval head 11 and such head is provided with a longitudinally extending ange 16 which defines an axially opening recess 17 in the head 11 of generally oval cross section. A transverse flange 1S connects the tubular portion 13 of the body 1t) with the longitudinally extending marginal iiange 16 of the head 11.
The nozzle member 12 is provided with a generally oval shaped base portion 19 and such base is provided with a reduced extension 20 which is seated in the recess 17 of the head 11 and surrounded by the flange 16. The reduced portion 20 of the base portion 19 terminates in a shoulder 21 which abuts the outer end surface of the marginal ange 16. The nozzle member 12 may be removably secured to the head 11 of the body 10 by suitable screw threaded fastening means 22 extending through the base portion 19 of the nozzle member 12 and through the radial flange 18 of the head 11.
Extending axially from the base portion 19 ofthe nozzle member 12 are a pair of spaced substantially parallel hollow nozzle tips 23 and such tips are provided with tapered or conical bores 24. Seated in the bores 24 and extending throughout the length thereof are removable relatively hard metal liners 25 and such liners are tapered to provide rm contact with the surface of the bores 24 and the liners 25 are in turn provided with tapered bores 26 which serve to concentrate the abrasive blast in twin overlapping conical jets.
Provided within the base portion 19 of the nozzle mem ber 12 is a cavity 27 of generally oval cross section, which cavity communicates with the bores 26 in the liners 25 and also with the tubular portion 13 of the body 10. Seated within the cavity 27 and conveniently removable therefrom is an abrasive flow dividing insert 3l? of relatively hard metal and such insert 3d is provided with spaced tapered substantially parallel projections 31 which are seated in the inner ends of liners 25. The projections 31 terminate at their inner ends in shoulders 32 which engage the inner ends of the liners 25 and securely hold such liners in position within the nozzle tips 23. The insert 30 is provided with tapered bores 33 extending through the projections 31 and in axial alignment with the bores 26 in the liners 25.
Integral with the wall 34 between the tapered bores 33 and the insert 30 is a tapered partition 35 which projects from the wall 34 into the tubular portion 13 of the body 1t). It will thus be seen that abrasive flowing through the conduit 14 and into the tubular portion of the body 10 will be equally divided by the partition 35 and directed into the tapered bores 33 of the insert 3G. The abrasive will then flow through the bores 26 of the liners 25 and be projected against the surface to be treated. Since the partition 35 is disposed substantially along the axis of the tubular portion 13 of the body 10, it. will be seen that the 0 flow of abrasive will be substantially equally divided befrom a suitable lightweight material, such as aluminum, or some suitable lightweight alloy or from any other suitable material and only the liners 25 and the insert 30 need be of relatively heavy material, since these liners and inserts are the only parts of the device which are subject to abrasive wear and such parts may be conveniently removed and replaced merely by removing the fastening means 22 and separating the nozzle member 12 from the head portion 1l of the body 10. The liners 25 and insert 30 do not, however, add suicient weight to the device to prevent the convenient operation and handling of the same by a single operator.
As stated above, the dual blast nozzle of this invention provides twin conical overlapping jets which will treat a surface from two to four times the area treated by a single nozzle and with approximately the same abrasive consumption. it will, therefore, be seen that the cost of surface treatment by an abrasive blast is materially reduced and furthermore, the nozzle of this invention may be conveniently constructed from readily available materials and without requiring accurate machining of the parts t ereby materially reducing the cost of the nozzle. Furthermore, the parts may be readily replaced without utilizing special tools or requiring skilled labor, thereby materially reducing the cost of maintenance of the apparatus and loss of operating time due to the wear or failure of the nozzle parts.
It will be obvious to tnose skilled in the art that various changes may be made in the invention without departing from the spirit and scope thereof and therefore the invention is not limited by that which is shown in the drawing and described in the specification, but only as indicated in the appended claims.
What is claimed is:
l. A duai abrasive blast nozzle comprising an elongated hollow body, means to secure a flexible conduit to said body at one end thereof, said body terminating at the opposite end in an enlarged head of generally oval shape, a longitudinally extending marginal flange on said head providing an axially opening recess of generally oval cross section, a nozzle member comprising a generally oval base portion seated in said recess and removably secured to said head, a pair of spaced substantially parallel hollow nozzle tips extending axially from said base portion, relatively hard, removable, tapered metal liners in said tips, a cavity in said base portion of generally oval cross section and communicating with said tips and an abrasive ow dividing insert of relatively hard metal seated in said cavity, said insert having spaced, tapered, substantially parallel projections seated in the inner ends of said liners, shoulders on said projections engaging the inner ends of said liners, tapered bores in said insert and projections in axial alignment with said tips and a tapered partition integral with said insert and projecting from the wall between said bores into said body to divide and direct the tlow of abrasive from said conduit substantially equally between said tips.
2. A dual abrasive blast nozzle comprising an elongated hollow body, means to secure a rlexible conduit to said body at one end thereof, said body terminating at the opposite end in an enlarged head of generally oval shape, a longitudinally extending marginal flange on said head providing an axially opening recess of generally oval cross section, a nozzle member comprising a generally oval base portion seated in said recess and removably secured to said head, a pair of spaced substantially parallel hollow nozzle tips extending axially from said base portion, relatively hard, removable, tapered metal liners in said tips, a cavity in said base portion of generally oval cross section and communicating with said tips and an abrasive tlow dividing insert of relatively hard metal seated in said cavity, said insert having spaced, tapered, substantially parallel projections seated in the inner ends of said liners, tapered bores in said insert and projections in axial alignment with said tips and a tapered partition integral with said insert and projecting from the wall between said bores into said body to divide and direct the iiow of abrasive from said conduit substantially equally between said tips.
3. A dual abrasive blast nozzle comprising an elongated hollow body, means to secure a flexible conduit to said body at one end thereof, said body terminating at the opposite end in an enlarged head of generally oval shape, a longitudinally extending marginal ange on said head providing an axially opening recess of generally oval cross section, a nozzle member comprising a generally oval base portion seated in said recess and removably secured to said head, a pair of spaced substantially parallel hollow nozzle tips extending axially from said base portion, relatively hard, removable, tapered liners in said tips, a cavity in said base portion of generally oval cross section and communicating with said tips and an abrasive flow dividing insert of relatively hard material seated in said cavity, said insert having spaced, tapered, substantially parallel projections seated in the inner ends of said liners, tapered bores in said insert and projections in axial alignment with said tips and a tapered partition projecting from the wall between said bores into said body to divide and direct the flow of abrasive from said conduit substantially equally between said tips.
4. A dual abrasive blast nozzle comprising an elongated hollow body, means to secure a flexible conduit to said body at one end thereof, said body terminating at the opposite end in an enlarged head, a longitudinally extending marginal ilange on said head providing an axially opening recess, a nozzle member comprising a base portion seated in said recess and removably secured to said head, a pair of spaced substantially parallel hollow nozzle tips extending axially from said base portion, relatively hard, removable, tapered liners in said tips, a cavity in said base portion communicating with said time and an abrasive ow dividing insert of relatively hard material seated in said cavity, said insert having spaced, tapered, substantially parallel projections seated in the inner ends of said liners, tapered bores in said insert and projections in axial alignment with said tips and a tapered partition projecting from the walls between said bores into said body to divide and direct the ow of abrasive from said conduit substantially equally between said tips.
5. A dual abrasive blast nozzle comprising an elongated hollow body, means to secure a flexible conduit to said body at one end thereof, said body terminating at the opposite end in an enlarged head, an axially opening recess in said head, a nozzle member comprising a base portion seated in said recess and removably secured to said head, a pair of spaced substantially parallel hollow nozzle tips extending axially from said base portion, relatively hard, removable, tapered liners in said tips, a cavity in said base portion communicating with said tips and an abrasive flow dividing insert of relatively hard material seated in said cavity, said insert having spaced, tapered, substantially parallel projections seated in the inner ends of said liners, tapered bores in said insert and projections in axial alignment with said tips and a tapered partition projecting from the wall between said bores into said body to divide and direct the flow of said abrasive from said conduit substantially equally between said tips.
References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 990,409 Walsh Apr. 25, 1911 2,008,871 Marvin July 23, `1935 2,333,264 McDermott Nov. 2, 1943 2,508,874 Turnbull May 23, 1950 2,724,928 Kirkland A- Nov. 29, 1955 FOREIGN PATENTS 13,045 Great Britain June 10, -1903
US606233A 1956-08-27 1956-08-27 Dual abrasive blast nozzle Expired - Lifetime US2869290A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6383261U (en) * 1986-11-21 1988-06-01
JPS6383260U (en) * 1986-11-21 1988-06-01
US5676589A (en) * 1995-06-24 1997-10-14 Vapormatt Limited Blast apparatus
US20090320661A1 (en) * 2008-06-27 2009-12-31 Xerox Corporation Multi-orifice fluid jet to enable efficient, high precision micromachining

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190313045A (en) * 1903-06-10 1904-06-09 Charles Augustus Plato Hess Improvements in Sand Blast Machines
US990409A (en) * 1909-09-01 1911-04-25 John P Walsh Sand-blasting nozzle.
US2008871A (en) * 1930-02-03 1935-07-23 Orrin F Marvin Nozzle
US2333264A (en) * 1942-02-21 1943-11-02 Smith Corp A O Sandblast nozzle
US2508874A (en) * 1946-02-09 1950-05-23 American Wheelabrator & Equipm Casting screw threads on blast nozzles and the like
US2724928A (en) * 1954-03-23 1955-11-29 Wyatt S Kirkland Double sand blasting nozzle

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190313045A (en) * 1903-06-10 1904-06-09 Charles Augustus Plato Hess Improvements in Sand Blast Machines
US990409A (en) * 1909-09-01 1911-04-25 John P Walsh Sand-blasting nozzle.
US2008871A (en) * 1930-02-03 1935-07-23 Orrin F Marvin Nozzle
US2333264A (en) * 1942-02-21 1943-11-02 Smith Corp A O Sandblast nozzle
US2508874A (en) * 1946-02-09 1950-05-23 American Wheelabrator & Equipm Casting screw threads on blast nozzles and the like
US2724928A (en) * 1954-03-23 1955-11-29 Wyatt S Kirkland Double sand blasting nozzle

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6383261U (en) * 1986-11-21 1988-06-01
JPS6383260U (en) * 1986-11-21 1988-06-01
JPH0411007Y2 (en) * 1986-11-21 1992-03-18
US5676589A (en) * 1995-06-24 1997-10-14 Vapormatt Limited Blast apparatus
US20090320661A1 (en) * 2008-06-27 2009-12-31 Xerox Corporation Multi-orifice fluid jet to enable efficient, high precision micromachining
US7789734B2 (en) * 2008-06-27 2010-09-07 Xerox Corporation Multi-orifice fluid jet to enable efficient, high precision micromachining

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