US2702038A - Releasing apparatus for childbirths - Google Patents

Releasing apparatus for childbirths Download PDF

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Publication number
US2702038A
US2702038A US402028A US40202854A US2702038A US 2702038 A US2702038 A US 2702038A US 402028 A US402028 A US 402028A US 40202854 A US40202854 A US 40202854A US 2702038 A US2702038 A US 2702038A
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Prior art keywords
suction
foot
cup
suction cup
mouth
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Expired - Lifetime
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US402028A
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Uddenberg Goran Olof
Thoren Herbert Alfred
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Individual
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Priority claimed from GB3255053A external-priority patent/GB736275A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/42—Gynaecological or obstetrical instruments or methods
    • A61B17/44—Obstetrical forceps
    • A61B17/442—Obstetrical forceps without pivotal connections, e.g. using vacuum

Definitions

  • This invention relates to certain novel improvements in releasing apparatuses for childbirths. 1
  • the main objector" the invefi is' 'toprovide aj device in the shape of a suction cup to be placed on ⁇ the forward protruding portion of the head er the child during birth, and effectively adhere to the head to permit the head to be subjected to a drawing force.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a device of the said kind which is possible to adhere to the scalp of the head in spite of the sliding mucous fluid on the scalp during birth.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a device of the said kind which will effectively prevent injuries to the scalp in spite of its loose condition on the head cartiage.
  • the invention consists in a suction cup with a draw grip and a suction mouth with a ring-shaped foot of elastic material, the mouth opening of the cup being provided with a perforated strainerlike cover as a support and suction distributor for the sliding scalp of the head.
  • Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the suction cup in one embodiment
  • Figure 6 is a vertical section view of the top of the suction cup in another embodiment.
  • Figure 7 a similar sectional view in afurther embodiment of the suction cup.
  • the suction cup 1 of stiff material such as metal, hard rubber, plastics or such like and of preferably half-spheric shape has a foot 2 of elastic material as soft rubber or the like surrounding the suction mouth 3.
  • This foot may belong to a rubber cup 4 covering a portion of the outer surface of the suction cup 1 and in this way securing the rubber foot to the suction cup.
  • the ring edge 5 of the suction cup around the mouth is resting on the rubber foot in the corner between the foot and the rubber cup wall therethrough transmitting the atmospheric pressure acting upon the suction cup to the corresponding ring surface in said corner of the foot.
  • the foot has in this embodiment the shape of a ring flange 6 extending inwards and narrowing the mouth in reference to the cup edge 5. Above the mouth there is freely inserted a perforated strainerlike cover 7 lying like a more shallow cup within the suction cup touching the latter near the cup edge 5 and being prevented by the foot from falling out.
  • a chain 10 is drawn through the hose serving as a draw grip.
  • the suction cup In use the suction cup is applied to the protruding forward portion of the childs head during the birth.
  • the vacuum pump sucks the air out of the cup the atmospheric pressure on the suction cup will press the foot of the cup against the head and the loose scalp 11 will slide into the suction cup and press against the strainer.
  • the scalp On account of the narrowed suction mouth the scalp will increase somewhat in width within the cuplike strainer and add to the secure holding of the scalp.
  • the elastic foot of the suction cup maybe mdifie
  • the air pressure is concerts trate on the aid ring portion surface of the foot with gh force o hold on in spite of the. mucous fluid; .In Fig. 2 the foot 1-3 is widenedputwards, and the ringpdge 5 of the cup is resting on a ledge 14 of the wallet.
  • the execution of the feet 15 in -Fig, 5 is a e pm n ther of as he foot here is widened also sg- 4 sh w a fee 1.6 arehrshaped'incross ct i y channel 17 in ommunication with the suction room of the Cup so that the foot ialsofserves as in sucker.
  • the foot 18 in Fig. 5 isa development .Of the foot in Fig.
  • the suction cup 18 differs from the suction cup of Fig. 1 only in reference to the connection construction at the top of the cup.
  • a tube 19 of stiff material as metal, hard rubber or such like is used instead of the previous hose, and in this case the tube itself is able to serve as a draw grip.
  • a ball bearing is used for the tube connection.
  • the tube is screwed into a thoroughgoing bore in the ball 20, and a flanged-out portion 21 of the cup wall in a top opening serves as a bearing.
  • a disk 22 secured by a nut 23 maintains the ball in position, and a rubber ring 24 between the disk and the bearing serves as an air-tightening ring.
  • the draw grip 25 preferably consisting of a line or wire, and the suction hose 26 are separately attached to the suction cup.
  • the strainer 7 may if desired be attached to the suc' tion cup, but the free inserting of the strainer described above will facilitate the cleaning and disinfection within the suction cup.
  • the foot of soft rubber prevents the scalp from being injured which scalp when entering the strainer will slide along the lithely yielding inner foot flange.
  • a releasing apparatus for childbirth consisting of a suction cup with connection means for an air discharger and provided with a draw grip and a suction mouth with a ringshaped foot of elastic material, the mouth opening being provided with a perforated strainerlike cover as a support and a suction distributor for the scalp of the childs head.
  • a releasing apparatus for childbirth consisting of a suction cup with connection means for an air discharger and provided with a draw grip and a suction mouth with a ringshaped foot of elastic material, the mouth opening being provided with a perforated strainerlike cover as a support and a suction distributor for the scalp of the childs head, the strainerlike cover having the shape of a more shallow cup within the suction cup, the suction mouth being narrowed in reference to the width of the strainerlike cover permitting a widening of the scalp insides of the mouth. 7
  • a releasing apparatus for childbirth consisting of a suction cup with connection means for an air discharger and provided with a draw grip and a suction mouth with a ringshaped foot of elastic material, the mouth opening being provided with a perforated strainerlike cover as a support and a suction distributor.
  • the strainerlike cover having the shape of a more shallow cup within the suction cup, the suction mouth being narrowed in reference to the width of the strainerlike cover permitting a widening of the scalp insides of the mouth, the suction cup resting with a ring edgeon a corresponding ring surface portion of the elastic foot, the foot being extended inwards from this ring surface portion to constitute the narrowed mouth opening.
  • a releasing apparatus for childbirth consisting of a suction cup with connection means for an air discharger and provided with a draw grip and a suction mouth with a ringshaped foot of elastic material, the mouth opening being provided with a perforated strainerlike cover as a support and a suction distributor for the scalp of the childs head, the strainerlike cover having the shape of a more shallow cup within the suction cup, the suction mouth being narrowed in reference to the width of the strainerlike cover permitting a widening of the scalp insides of the mouth, the suction cup resting with a ring edge on a corresponding ring surface portion of the elastic foot, the foot being extended inwards from this ring surface portion to constitute the narrowed mouth opening, the connection means consisting of a tube of bendable preferably elastic material, the draw grip in th; shape of a bendable string being drawn through the ill e.
  • a releasing apparatus for childbirth consisting of a suction cup "with connection means for an air discharger and provided with a draw grip and a suction mouth with a ringshaped foot of elastic material, the mouth opening being provided with a perforated strainerlike cover as a support and a suction distributor for the scalp of the childs head, a tube constituting both the connection means and the draw grip.
  • a releasing apparatus for childbirth consisting of a suction cup with connection means for an air discharger and provided with a draw grip and a suction mouth with a ringshaped foot of elastic material, the mouth opening being provided with a perforated strainerlike cover as a support and a suction distributor for the scalp of the childs head, the perforated strainerlike cover being freely inserted in the suction cup.

Description

Feb. 15, 1955 G. 0.' UDDENBERG ET AL RELEASING APPARATUS FOR CHILDBIRTHS Filed 4, 1954 'IIIIIII'I IIIIIIIII IIII m'vmrons GOUd j BY TZLOI'EIL/ United States Patent 2,702,638 RELEASING APPARATUS not: emanates Gama Olaf Uddenberg and Herbert Air-renames,
Goteborg, Sweden i This invention relates to certain novel improvements in releasing apparatuses for childbirths. 1
The main objector" the invefi is' 'toprovide aj device in the shape of a suction cup to be placed on {the forward protruding portion of the head er the child during birth, and effectively adhere to the head to permit the head to be subjected to a drawing force.
Another object of the invention is to provide a device of the said kind which is possible to adhere to the scalp of the head in spite of the sliding mucous fluid on the scalp during birth.
A further object of the invention is to provide a device of the said kind which will effectively prevent injuries to the scalp in spite of its loose condition on the head cartiage.
Other objects will appear hereinafter.
The invention consists in a suction cup with a draw grip and a suction mouth with a ring-shaped foot of elastic material, the mouth opening of the cup being provided with a perforated strainerlike cover as a support and suction distributor for the sliding scalp of the head.
In the accompanying drawing:
Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the suction cup in one embodiment, and
Figures 2 to vertical sectional views of the foot of the suction cup in four modifications.
Figure 6 is a vertical section view of the top of the suction cup in another embodiment, and
Figure 7 a similar sectional view in afurther embodiment of the suction cup.
The suction cup 1 of stiff material such as metal, hard rubber, plastics or such like and of preferably half-spheric shape has a foot 2 of elastic material as soft rubber or the like surrounding the suction mouth 3. This foot may belong to a rubber cup 4 covering a portion of the outer surface of the suction cup 1 and in this way securing the rubber foot to the suction cup. The ring edge 5 of the suction cup around the mouth is resting on the rubber foot in the corner between the foot and the rubber cup wall therethrough transmitting the atmospheric pressure acting upon the suction cup to the corresponding ring surface in said corner of the foot. The foot has in this embodiment the shape of a ring flange 6 extending inwards and narrowing the mouth in reference to the cup edge 5. Above the mouth there is freely inserted a perforated strainerlike cover 7 lying like a more shallow cup within the suction cup touching the latter near the cup edge 5 and being prevented by the foot from falling out.
At the top of the suction cup there is a tube stud 8 for a suction hose 9 to be connected with a vacuum pump not shown. A chain 10 is drawn through the hose serving as a draw grip.
In use the suction cup is applied to the protruding forward portion of the childs head during the birth. When the vacuum pump sucks the air out of the cup the atmospheric pressure on the suction cup will press the foot of the cup against the head and the loose scalp 11 will slide into the suction cup and press against the strainer. On account of the narrowed suction mouth the scalp will increase somewhat in width within the cuplike strainer and add to the secure holding of the scalp. The air pressure on the outer ring surface of the flange in combination with the adherence of the scalp to the strainer will securely hold the foot against the head, when the suction cup is drawn forwards by means of the draw grip to release the child, as the pressing of the bulbous scalp por- 2,702,038 ist n d .Ee s.. 1ss.
i n ag inst the strainer is of eminent help to prevent he 1. m sliding off its place. 1 :i L.
The elastic foot of the suction cupmaybe mdifie In several ways provided that the air pressure is concerts trate on the aid ring portion surface of the foot with gh force o hold on in spite of the. mucous fluid; .In Fig. 2 the foot 1-3 is widenedputwards, and the ringpdge 5 of the cup is resting on a ledge 14 of the wallet. the u e p The execution of the feet 15 in -Fig, 5 is a e pm n ther of as he foot here is widened also sg- 4 sh w a fee 1.6 arehrshaped'incross ct i y channel 17 in ommunication with the suction room of the Cup so that the foot ialsofserves as in sucker. The foot 18 in Fig. 5 isa development .Of the foot in Fig. 1 as being provided with an inwards asxivell as outwards x en ng flange- .-In th m odiments of the Figures 3, 4 and -5 the foot narrows the mouth at the suction up th sem wayas in Fig- 1. sethat the scalp having entered t e. s rainer is a le to widen itself whi h is of importance for preventing the slipping off :of the soap. j;
In the embodiment of Fig. 6 the suction cup 18 differs from the suction cup of Fig. 1 only in reference to the connection construction at the top of the cup. A tube 19 of stiff material as metal, hard rubber or such like is used instead of the previous hose, and in this case the tube itself is able to serve as a draw grip. As it is necessary to permit the suction cup different inclinations a ball bearing is used for the tube connection. The tube is screwed into a thoroughgoing bore in the ball 20, and a flanged-out portion 21 of the cup wall in a top opening serves as a bearing. A disk 22 secured by a nut 23 maintains the ball in position, and a rubber ring 24 between the disk and the bearing serves as an air-tightening ring.
As shown in Fig. 7 it is not necessary to combine the draw grip with the suction hose or suction tube. In this embodiment the draw grip 25, preferably consisting of a line or wire, and the suction hose 26 are separately attached to the suction cup.
The strainer 7 may if desired be attached to the suc' tion cup, but the free inserting of the strainer described above will facilitate the cleaning and disinfection within the suction cup.
The foot of soft rubber prevents the scalp from being injured which scalp when entering the strainer will slide along the lithely yielding inner foot flange.
While we have illustrated and described the preferred form of construction for carrying our invention into effect, this is capable of variation and modification, without departing from the spirit of the invention. We, therefore, do not wish to be limited to the precise details of construction set forth, but desire to avail ourselves of such variations and modifications as come within the scope of the appended claims.
Having thus described our invention what we claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:
1. A releasing apparatus for childbirth consisting of a suction cup with connection means for an air discharger and provided with a draw grip and a suction mouth with a ringshaped foot of elastic material, the mouth opening being provided with a perforated strainerlike cover as a support and a suction distributor for the scalp of the childs head.
2. A releasing apparatus for childbirth consisting of a suction cup with connection means for an air discharger and provided with a draw grip and a suction mouth with a ringshaped foot of elastic material, the mouth opening being provided with a perforated strainerlike cover as a support and a suction distributor for the scalp of the childs head, the strainerlike cover having the shape of a more shallow cup within the suction cup, the suction mouth being narrowed in reference to the width of the strainerlike cover permitting a widening of the scalp insides of the mouth. 7
3. A releasing apparatus for childbirth consisting of a suction cup with connection means for an air discharger and provided with a draw grip and a suction mouth with a ringshaped foot of elastic material, the mouth opening being provided with a perforated strainerlike cover as a support and a suction distributor. for the scalpv of the childs head, the strainerlike cover having the shape of a more shallow cup within the suction cup, the suction mouth being narrowed in reference to the width of the strainerlike cover permitting a widening of the scalp insides of the mouth, the suction cup resting with a ring edgeon a corresponding ring surface portion of the elastic foot, the foot being extended inwards from this ring surface portion to constitute the narrowed mouth opening.
4. A releasing apparatus for childbirth consisting of a suction cup with connection means for an air discharger and provided with a draw grip and a suction mouth with a ringshaped foot of elastic material, the mouth opening being provided with a perforated strainerlike cover as a support and a suction distributor for the scalp of the childs head, the strainerlike cover having the shape of a more shallow cup within the suction cup, the suction mouth being narrowed in reference to the width of the strainerlike cover permitting a widening of the scalp insides of the mouth, the suction cup resting with a ring edge on a corresponding ring surface portion of the elastic foot, the foot being extended inwards from this ring surface portion to constitute the narrowed mouth opening, the connection means consisting of a tube of bendable preferably elastic material, the draw grip in th; shape of a bendable string being drawn through the ill e.
5. A releasing apparatus for childbirth consisting of a suction cup "with connection means for an air discharger and provided with a draw grip and a suction mouth with a ringshaped foot of elastic material, the mouth opening being provided with a perforated strainerlike cover as a support and a suction distributor for the scalp of the childs head, a tube constituting both the connection means and the draw grip.
6. A releasing apparatus for childbirth consisting of a suction cup with connection means for an air discharger and provided with a draw grip and a suction mouth with a ringshaped foot of elastic material, the mouth opening being provided with a perforated strainerlike cover as a support and a suction distributor for the scalp of the childs head, the perforated strainerlike cover being freely inserted in the suction cup.
References Cited in the file of this patent FOREIGN PATENTS Great Britain 1890
US402028A 1953-03-23 1954-01-04 Releasing apparatus for childbirths Expired - Lifetime US2702038A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE2702038X 1953-03-23
GB3255053A GB736275A (en) 1953-11-24 1953-11-24 Improvements in releasing apparatus used during childbirth

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US2702038A true US2702038A (en) 1955-02-15

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US402028A Expired - Lifetime US2702038A (en) 1953-03-23 1954-01-04 Releasing apparatus for childbirths

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US (1) US2702038A (en)
BE (1) BE524152A (en)
CH (1) CH313469A (en)
FR (1) FR1087591A (en)
NL (1) NL87034C (en)

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3112749A (en) * 1960-06-28 1963-12-03 Sokol Kurt Electric motor-driven pump arrangement for vacuum extraction apparatus for child-birth
US3202152A (en) * 1963-03-08 1965-08-24 John F Wood Vacuum extractor for childbirth
US3848606A (en) * 1971-09-27 1974-11-19 A Chertkoff Fetal extractor for use during birth
US4512347A (en) * 1981-12-28 1985-04-23 Ab Vacuum-Extractor Obstetric suction device
US4620544A (en) * 1980-05-29 1986-11-04 Alexander G. O'Neil Vacuum extractor
EP0212475A1 (en) * 1985-08-07 1987-03-04 Hepp, Herrmann, Prof. Dr. med., Vacuum extractor
EP0419024A1 (en) * 1989-09-12 1991-03-27 Theodore Chester Neward Manipulable vacuum extractor for children
US5224947A (en) * 1991-10-21 1993-07-06 Cooper Richard N Soft, readily expandable vacuum bell assembly
US5713909A (en) * 1997-01-14 1998-02-03 Lindsay; Richard G. Vacuum extractor
US5810840A (en) * 1997-01-14 1998-09-22 Lindsay; Richard G. Vacuum extractor
US5865827A (en) * 1997-06-03 1999-02-02 Bullister; Edward T Vacuum device for securing human tissue
US5957931A (en) * 1998-05-11 1999-09-28 Prism Enterprises, Inc. Obstetrical vacuum extractor cup
US6059795A (en) * 1998-05-08 2000-05-09 Clinical Innovations Maneuverable fetal vacuum extraction for use with malpresenting fetus
US6074399A (en) * 1998-05-08 2000-06-13 Clinical Innovations Hand-held fetal vacuum extractor having an integrated pump and handle
US6179845B1 (en) 1999-09-02 2001-01-30 Scott W. Peters Obstetrical vacuum extractor
US6355047B1 (en) 1998-05-08 2002-03-12 Clinical Innovations Traction force sensing vacuum extractor
US6361542B1 (en) 2000-05-17 2002-03-26 Prism Enterprises, Inc. Obstetrical vacuum extractor cup with force measuring capabilities
US20040002630A1 (en) * 2002-06-28 2004-01-01 Wu Steven Zung-Hong Suction device for surgical applications
US20080125792A1 (en) * 2006-11-29 2008-05-29 Coopersurgical, Inc. Vacuum Extractor And Method Of Use Therefor
JP2010125037A (en) * 2008-11-27 2010-06-10 Kenji Ishii Suction cup for delivery
US20210308875A1 (en) * 2020-04-01 2021-10-07 Ambidextrous Laboratories, Inc. End effector device and system for suction-based grasping of bagged objects
US11938618B2 (en) 2020-07-22 2024-03-26 Berkshire Grey Operating Company, Inc. Systems and methods for object processing using a passively folding vacuum gripper
US11964386B2 (en) 2020-07-22 2024-04-23 Berkshire Grey Operating Company, Inc. Systems and methods for object processing using a vacuum gripper that provides object retention by shroud inversion

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190817134A (en) * 1908-08-14 1908-11-19 Charles Hal Fryer Improvements in Appliances for Promoting the Growth of the Hair.
GB191002995A (en) * 1910-02-07 1911-02-08 Frank Humphris Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Developing or Enlarging the Breasts and for otherwise Improving the Outline of the Body.

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190817134A (en) * 1908-08-14 1908-11-19 Charles Hal Fryer Improvements in Appliances for Promoting the Growth of the Hair.
GB191002995A (en) * 1910-02-07 1911-02-08 Frank Humphris Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Developing or Enlarging the Breasts and for otherwise Improving the Outline of the Body.

Cited By (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3112749A (en) * 1960-06-28 1963-12-03 Sokol Kurt Electric motor-driven pump arrangement for vacuum extraction apparatus for child-birth
US3202152A (en) * 1963-03-08 1965-08-24 John F Wood Vacuum extractor for childbirth
US3848606A (en) * 1971-09-27 1974-11-19 A Chertkoff Fetal extractor for use during birth
US4620544A (en) * 1980-05-29 1986-11-04 Alexander G. O'Neil Vacuum extractor
US4512347A (en) * 1981-12-28 1985-04-23 Ab Vacuum-Extractor Obstetric suction device
EP0212475A1 (en) * 1985-08-07 1987-03-04 Hepp, Herrmann, Prof. Dr. med., Vacuum extractor
US4730617A (en) * 1985-08-07 1988-03-15 Herrmann Hepp Obstetric vacuum extractor and method of using the same
EP0419024A1 (en) * 1989-09-12 1991-03-27 Theodore Chester Neward Manipulable vacuum extractor for children
US5224947A (en) * 1991-10-21 1993-07-06 Cooper Richard N Soft, readily expandable vacuum bell assembly
US5713909A (en) * 1997-01-14 1998-02-03 Lindsay; Richard G. Vacuum extractor
US5810840A (en) * 1997-01-14 1998-09-22 Lindsay; Richard G. Vacuum extractor
US5865827A (en) * 1997-06-03 1999-02-02 Bullister; Edward T Vacuum device for securing human tissue
US6074399A (en) * 1998-05-08 2000-06-13 Clinical Innovations Hand-held fetal vacuum extractor having an integrated pump and handle
US6059795A (en) * 1998-05-08 2000-05-09 Clinical Innovations Maneuverable fetal vacuum extraction for use with malpresenting fetus
US6355047B1 (en) 1998-05-08 2002-03-12 Clinical Innovations Traction force sensing vacuum extractor
US5957931A (en) * 1998-05-11 1999-09-28 Prism Enterprises, Inc. Obstetrical vacuum extractor cup
US6179845B1 (en) 1999-09-02 2001-01-30 Scott W. Peters Obstetrical vacuum extractor
US6361542B1 (en) 2000-05-17 2002-03-26 Prism Enterprises, Inc. Obstetrical vacuum extractor cup with force measuring capabilities
US20040002630A1 (en) * 2002-06-28 2004-01-01 Wu Steven Zung-Hong Suction device for surgical applications
US20080125792A1 (en) * 2006-11-29 2008-05-29 Coopersurgical, Inc. Vacuum Extractor And Method Of Use Therefor
WO2008067204A1 (en) * 2006-11-29 2008-06-05 Coopersurgical, Inc. Vacuum extractor and method of use therefor
JP2010125037A (en) * 2008-11-27 2010-06-10 Kenji Ishii Suction cup for delivery
US20110218547A1 (en) * 2008-11-27 2011-09-08 Kenji Ishii Vacuum extractor cup for delivery
US8449557B2 (en) * 2008-11-27 2013-05-28 Kenji Ishii Vacuum extractor cup for delivery
US20210308875A1 (en) * 2020-04-01 2021-10-07 Ambidextrous Laboratories, Inc. End effector device and system for suction-based grasping of bagged objects
US20210308874A1 (en) * 2020-04-01 2021-10-07 Ambidextrous Laboratories, Inc. End effector device and system for suction-based grasping of bagged objects
EP4126478A4 (en) * 2020-04-01 2024-04-17 Ambi Robotics Inc End effector device and system for suction-based grasping of bagged objects
US11938618B2 (en) 2020-07-22 2024-03-26 Berkshire Grey Operating Company, Inc. Systems and methods for object processing using a passively folding vacuum gripper
US11945103B2 (en) 2020-07-22 2024-04-02 Berkshire Grey Operating Company, Inc. Systems and methods for object processing using a passively collapsing vacuum gripper
US11964386B2 (en) 2020-07-22 2024-04-23 Berkshire Grey Operating Company, Inc. Systems and methods for object processing using a vacuum gripper that provides object retention by shroud inversion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH313469A (en) 1956-04-15
FR1087591A (en) 1955-02-25
BE524152A (en) 1956-03-02
NL87034C (en) 1957-12-16

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