US2214657A - Building structure - Google Patents

Description

sept. 10, 1940. C. s BROWN 2,214,657

BUILDING STRUCTURE Filed March 16, 1959 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 "Q Fg 7 51 J5 15a 5 :"5 Z1-N. /7; e

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. ATTORNEYS.

septn 1o, 1940. C, s, BROWN 2,214,657

BUILDING STRUCTURE Filed March 16, 1939 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 BY Qww ATTORNEYS. Y

spr- 1o, 1940. C. s. BROWN 2,214,657

` BUILDING s'rRUc'rmzEv Filed March 16, 1939 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 E7 9-1i E79 26 FEL 1]..

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Patented Sept. l0, 1940 UNITED -STATES ISATENT oFFIcE BUILDING STRUCTURE Charles S. Brown, Syracuse,kN.- Y.

Application March 16, 1939, Serial No. 262,215 claims. (ci. 'z2-29) This invention relates tor brick wall structures, and has for its object a wall structure in which the bricks are laid to be held together keystone fashion with what might be called keystone bricks I provided with means for receiving a hardenable plastic material forming a backing for the wall, whereby the keystone bricks are held from displacement and hold the other bricks by reason of the keystone formation, from displacement.

The invention consists in the novel features and in the combinations and constructions hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In describing this invention, reference is had to the accompanying drawings in which like charl acters designate corresponding parts in all the views. y f

Figure 1 is a horizontal sectional View taken on line Figure 2, through a wall structure embodying my invention. i

50. Figure 2 is an elevation of the wall seen in Figure 1.l

Figures 3 and 4 are isometric Views of the individual stretcher and header blocks of the wall shown in Figure 1.

25 Figure 5 is an isometric view of the corner brick shown in Figure 1. f

Figure 6 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line 6 6, Figure 2.

Figure 7 is a view'similar to Figure 1 of a wall 315l Figure 9 is an isometric View of the corner brick shown in Figure '7 and looking downward in Figure 7.

Figure 10 is an isometric view of the corner brick shown in Figure 8, that is, the corner brick 40 for the tier of bricks above or below the tier shown in Figure 7.

Figure 11 is a View similar to Figure 1 of a wallembodying stretcher bricks and no intermediate headers and with a modified form of 45 means forinterlocking with the hardenable plastic backing.

Figure 12 is an elevation of the wall seen vin Figure 11.

Figures 13 and 14 are isometric views of the 50 corner bricks and one of the keystone bricks shown in Figure 11` Figures 15 and 16 are plan views of modified forms of the keystone brick shown in Figure 11. This wall structure includes bricks arranged 55 in tiers with the bricks of each tier abutting against each other and lying directly on the next underlying tier, each brick havingV its faces, which confront the next brick in the same tier beveled, and so arranged that the bricks in the same tier are held together keystone fashion and some of the bricks here shown, but necessarily, as alternate bricks in each tier constituting what for convenience is called herein keystone bricks, which keystone bricks are also provided with means for interlocking with a hardenable plastic material forming a backing for the 'wall structure, so that the keystone bricks are interlocked in the backing, and also by reason of the keystone formation hold the other bricks not interlocked in the backing in position* l and 2 designate, respectivelmtwo walls of a wall structure which meet at an angle, and in the wall structureshown in Figures 1, 2 and 6,- the bricks in each. tier consists of a long brick or stretcher 3 and a relatively narrow brick or header ll alternating with the stretchers 3. Each stretcher 3 is formed with inclined or beveled end faces 5 which confront complementary beveled side faces 6 on the'sides of the adjacent header bricks and the side .faces 6 of the headers are undercut or under beveled with respectto the outer face of the wall, so that the headers interlock with the stretchers keystone fashion.

In the form shown in Figures 1 and 4, the header bricks 4` are formed with rearward projections 1,' withl respect to the outer face of the wall, around which the hardenable material flows when poured, so as to form a backing-for the wall structure. 'Ihese projections 1 are also formed with undercut faces 8, soI that the projections are interlocked with they backing designated 9 in Figure 1. i

In building the wall, the bricks arelaid in tiers, those of one tier directly on the other, and those of each tier abutting against each other. The bricks maybe alined by a suitable shoring, not shown, against'the outer face of the brick Wall. The backing is poured between a shoring ID and the inner face of the wall, the backing of plastic material owing around the projections 1, so that when the plastic vmaterial hardens, the header blocks are also interlocked with the hardened backing.

l l (Figure 5) designates'a corner brick lfor the tiers similar to the tiers shown in Figure 1, and 12 (Figure 6) a corner brick for the tiers next above and below the tier shown in Figure l. This corner brick, which .is interposed between a header 4 of the wall l and a stretcher 3 of the wall 2, is provided with a beveled face 5a, similar to the beveled face on each of the stretchers 3, which beveled face 5a abuts against one of the side faces 6 of the header in the wall I and is also provided with a lateral projection I3 complemental to the projection 1 of the header 4. The corner brick I I is also formed with a beveled face I4 on the side thereof confronting the beveled face 5 of the adjacent stretcher of the wall 2. Owing to the beveled faces 5EL and the projection I3 with the face I3a complemental to one of the undercut faces 8 of the projection 'I of the adjacent header 4 in the wall I, the corner brick I4 is held from outward displacement by the adjacent header 4 in the wall I.

In Figure 6, the corner brick I2 is formed with a face 51U complemental to the beveled end face 5 of the adjacent stretcher 3 in the wall I and also with beveled faces 6EL and 8a co'mplemental to the beveled side faces 6 and 8 of the adjacent keystone header 4 in the wall 2, so that the corner brick I 2 is held by the keystone brick 4 from outward displacement.

The bricks, as here shown, are formed on their outer faces to simulate bricks with a raked out joint. This is accomplished `by' forming the stretcher bricks with grooves or rabbets at I5, the header brick with rabbets at I 6, II and I8 and the corner bricks with rabbets at I9, 20 and 2|.

In Figure '7, the walls Ia and .2EL are shown with the facing sides of the bricks on an internal angle of the wall instead of the exterior angle. .The stretcher and header bricks 3, 4 are of the same form, as shown in Figure l, but the corner bricks, because of the fact that they interlock with bricks on the interior angle of the wall, are different vfrom those shown in Figures 5 and 6, in order to be held in position by the keystone headers. The corner bricks for any two adjacent tiers are practically the same construction, with the exception of the location of the rabbet to simulate the raked joint.

In Figure 9, the corner brick for the tier shown in Figure '7 is sho-wn in elevation looking downwardly toward the corner brick 22. It is provided with a beveled face 23 complemental to the beveled side face of the adjacent keystone or' header brick 4 of the wall Ia and with an end beveled face 24 complemental to the beveled side face of theadjacent header or keystone brick 4 of the Wall 2a, so that the two'adjacent keystone bricks 4 of the walls Ia and 2'a interlock or hold the corner brick from displacement.

In Figure 10, the corner brick 25 for the tier above or below that shown in Figure? is provided with faces for interlocking with the header or keystone bricks 4 of the walls Ia, 2a. The difference between the corner bricks 22 and 251l (Figures4 9 and L0) is that they are rights and lefts, in order to bring the rabbet 2l for simulating a raked out joint along the upper edges of the bricks. The reason for having the rabbet along the upper side of the brick is that when Aa plastic material is being poured behind the brick wall facing, some of it leaks between the bricks into the rabbet and flows over the raked out joint simulating a mort-ar joint whereas if the leak is on the bottom of the joint it Will ow on, the face of the brick instead.

In Figure 11, a wall structur'e, including walls I b and 2b, is shown meeting at an exterior angle, and the bricks in the tiers, with the exception of the corner bricks, are composed all stretchers 3, that is, bricks of uniform face length and the alternate keystone bricks 3 are formed with recesses 28 having undercut Walls 29 for receiving the hardenable plastic material, when poured, and interlocking the alternate bricks 3 to the backing. These alternate bricks 3 are the keystone bricks in the wall composed of bricks of equal face length.

30 designates the corner brick, which is formed with beveled faces at 3l)a and 30h, complemental to the adjacent bricks of the wall Ib and 2b and one of which adjacent bricks is a keystone. The keystone brick of the vwalls Ib and v2lare also shown as formedV with a fan-tailed projection 32 extending the full length of the brick and having undercut beveled surfaces at 33, as seen in Figure 15, or they may be formed with fantailed projections 34, as shown in Figure 16, of

, less length than that of the keystone stretcher 3, as seen in Figure 15.

In any form of the invention, the bricks of the Wall are held in position by keystone bricks and the keystone bricks interlock with the backingof hardened plasticmaterial. I

What I claim is: Y

y l. A building structure including bricks arranged in tiers with the bricks of each tier abutvting against each otherland vlying directly on the next underlying tier, the bricks of each tier including alternate stretcher and header bricks,

the confronting faces of the header and stretcher bricks being complementally beveled from the front faces of said stretcher bricks to the back faces thereof and` so arranged'that the header bricks t between the stretcher bricks keystone fashion. y

Y2. A building structure including bricks arranged in tiers with the bricks of each tier abutting against each other and lying directly on the next underlying tier, the bricks of each tier includingstretcher and header bricks, the confront-V ing faces of the header and stretcher bricks being complementally beveled from the front faces of i said stretcher bricks to the back faces thereof and arranged so that the header bricks fit between the stretcher, bricks keystone fashion, the header bricks having rearwardly extending projections embedded in a hardenable plastic material forming a backing for the bricks.

3. A building structure including bricks 'arranged in tiers with the bricks `of each tier abut-` ting against eachother andlying directly on the next underlying Itier, the bricks of each tier including stretcher and header bricks, 'the confronting faces ofthe header and stretcher bricks being complementally beveled from the front faces ofsaid 'stretcher bricks to the back faces thereof and arranged so-that the header bricks fit between the stretcher bricks keystone fashion,-

4. A building structure including i bricks ar. ranged in tiers. with the ,bricks of each tier abut-4 ting against each other and lying directly on the next underlying tier, the bricks of each tier including .stretcher and header bricks, the confronting faces of the header and stretcher bricks being complementally beveled from the front faces of said stretcher bricks to the back faces thereof and .arranged so that the header bricks fit between the stretcher bricks keystone fashion,

the header ,bricks khaving rearwardlyl extending;

projections embed-ded in a hardenable plastic material forming a backing for the bricks, said projections having flaring sides for interlocking the projections in a hardenable p-lastic material forming a backing for the bricks.

5. A Wall structure including bricks arranged l in tier's with the bricks of each tier abutting against each other and lying directly on the next underlying tier, each brick having the faces 10 which confront the bricks in the same tier beveled complementally from the front faces of said bricks to the rear faces thereof and arranged so that the bricks in the same tier interlock keystone fashionrthe keystone' bricks of each tier being provided with recesses for receiving a hardenable plastic material forming a backing for the Wall, the Walls of the recesses being undercut whereby the plastic material interlocks in the recesses.

CHARLES S. BROWN. y 10

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