US2151464A - Restricted frequency transmission - Google Patents

Description

March 21, 1939.

R. c. cURTls RESTRICTED FREQUENQY TRANSMISSION 4 Sheets-Sheet l Filed July 25', 1937 INVENToR. 92' @6MM/w BYQ w ai .mlmn mm mow-Dom.

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Ll] I Z 5' C4 lll Y o E P., a D C' a m m 2 5338530 'IVDIHLDB'IE INVENTOR. Mol/z CCM/wia A TTORNEK Patented Mar. 21, 1939 2,151,464 RESTRICTED FREQUENCY TRANSMISSION Richard C. Curtis, East Orange, N. J., assignor to Wired Radio, Inc., New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application July 23, 1937, Serial N0. 155,213

3 Claims. (Cl. 179-171) My invention pertains in general to radio transmission systems and specifically relates to an arrangement for transmitting modulated high frequency energy with one modulation side band of frequencies substantially eliminated or suppressed.

The invention contemplates the provision of a system for generating high frequency energy and modulating such high frequency energy with a comparatively wide band of modulation frequencies, and producing therefrom but one effective side band of modulation frequencies. Specifically, the invention embraces a system for eliminating various parts of a side band of modulation frequencies by conjoint wave elimination operations so as to produce modulated high frequency energy having a highviidelity side band of modulated high frequencies and the other side band completely eliminated with a sharp cut-off at the carrier frequency.

The principal object of the invention comprises providing a frequency elimination system for generating modulated high frequency energy and for forming conjoint frequency elimination operations with respect to one of the modulation side bands to eliminate an extensive range of modulation frequencies within the limits of the side band, and at the same time produce a very sharp cut-olf adjacent the carrier frequency.

A further object of the invention comprises producing a combined system and method of frequency cancellation and frequency elimination within the range of a single side band in a transmission system. I

These and other objects will be apparent from the following, taken in conjunction with the appended drawings, in which like reference numerals designate corresponding parts, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a restricted frequency transmission system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the inven* tion;

Fig. 2 is a graphical representation of a double side band transmission range in accordance with the invention;

Fig. 3 is a graphical representation of composite electrical cancellation and discrimination operations in accordance with the system and method of the invention;

Fig. 4 is a graphical representation of a resultant single side band range of frequencies in accordance with the system of the invention;

Fig. 6 is a graphical representation of the operation of circuits depicted in Fig. 5.

The present invention employs a system for producing separate high frequency Waves having a substantially ninety degree phase displaced relationship and which are modulated by modulating waves which alschave a substantially ninety degree phase displaced relationship. The high frequency waves, amplitude modulated, are combined to produce modulated high frequency en- 10 ergy having side band components substantially extending in but one side band and in a segregated portion of the other side band. In accordance with the invention, this segregated portion of the one side band, which lies in a range remote from 15 the carrier frequency itself, is eliminated by a further process of wave discrimination. It is a feature of the present invention that, by virtue of a composite wave elimination system, it is possible to utilize a wide range of modulation frequencies with the proper phase displacement relationship in the generation of modulated high frequency energy having only single side band frequencies While yet obtaining a sharp cut-off of the unwanted side band at the carri-er fre- 2- quency and, concomitantly, complete elimination of all of the frequencies appurtenant to the unwanted side band.

Referring to the drawings in detail, and particularly to Fig. l, a pair of modulator units I and 2 have their output circuits connected in parallel for feeding through a lter 8 into a load circuit 3. The modulators I and 2 receive high frequency energization from a source of carrier energy 4. The carrier source 4 may be any conventional means for producing carrier Waves, such as an electron tube oscillator and amplifier. The output circuit of the carrier source 4 is divided into two separate circuit paths 5 and 6. The circuit path 5 delivers carrier frequency 40 energy directly tothe modulator I, while the circuit path 6 includes a phasing network l in the form of a suitable phase displacement network which alters the phase angle of the carrier Wave traversing the circuit 6, so that, as delivered to 4- the modulator 2, the carrier Wave is displaced substantially ninety electrical degrees with respect to the carrier wave delivered to the modulator I.

A modulation source It supplies suitable modulation waves, such as amplified voice currents and the like. The output circuit of modulation source I0 is divided into two circuit paths extending to separate circuit channels Il and I2, which respectively include the modulators I and 2. The

output of modulation source IU, individual to the circuit channel II, is directed through a phasing network I3 and thence through an amplifier I4 to the modulator I. 'Ihe output of modulation source Ill, individual to the circuit channel I2, is directed through a phasing network I5 and thence through an amplier I6 to the modulator 2.

Referring to Fig. 5, it will be seen that the phasing network I3 includes reactive components in the form of inductances and capacitors connected in a lattice formation comprising a section 2li. The phasing network l5 is similar to the network I 3 but includes a pair of lattice-type sections 2I and 22, connected in series. The essential functions of the phasing networks i3 and l5 are to transmit respectively wide bands of modulation waves, and, in each case, to alter the phase angle of such waves so that the waves have a phase angle other than zero.

In Fig. 6 the curve 25 represents the phase angle of the network I3 plotted with respect to cycles per second, while the curve 25 represents the phase angle of the output waves of the network I5 with respect to cycles per second. The dotted line curve 27 represents the phase diiference of the curves 25 and 2li. It is a feature of the invention that the constants of the circuits I3 and I5 are adjusted so that the curves 25 and 26 will cause the phase-diiference curve 2l to have an approach to horizontal linearity over a wide portion of the audio frequency range as represented by the range 28 in Fig. 6'. It will be seen that within the range 28 the curve 2l varies only within the limit of the range 29, which is at approximately ninety electrical degrees. In the representation of Fig. 6, there is a latitude of variation Withinv the range 29 which is plus or minus six degrees, found to be a permissible latitude of variationwhere a maximum of ve per cent of un- Wanted side band maybe tolerated.

The amplifier i4 includes an input resistance 35 (Fig. 5) which forms a terminating impedance for the phasing network i3. The resistance 35 is included in the input circuit to two electron tubes 36 andv 3.7:, connected in balanced push-pull formation. The output circuits of the tubes tt and 31 are connected in push-pull with the prin mary winding of a coupling transformer 38. The Secondary windingof` the transformer 33 is connected in push-pull withelectron tubes 39 and 4t. The outputcircuits of the tubes 39 and mare connectedin push-pull with the primary winding of an output transformer 4I.

TheV secondary winding of the output transformer 4I is connected to terminals d2 and d3 in the modulator I. The terminal 42 is connected to the midpoint of an inductance M provided across the output circuit of two push-pull connected electron modulator-type tubes 45 and 45 inthe modulator I. The grid input circuit for the tubes 45 and 46 is connected with circuit 5, as will be easily understood from Fig. l. It will be seen that the modulator is of the plate modulation type, the modulation waves being supplied to the output or anode circuit from the amplifier I4.

The amplifier I6 and modulator 2 include components similar to those just described in connection with amplifier I4 and modulator I, corresponding components in amplier I6 and modulator 2 having corresponding reference numerals with subscriptsw. Common power supply connections for the electron tubes in the units of Fig. 2 are provided as shown. It will be noted that the terminalf43fis connected with the termina143a for the positive anode supply of the modulators I and 2.

The output circuits of the modulator I and modulator 2 are connected in parallel and directed to the filter 8 and thence to the load 3. The input to the phasing networks i3 and I5 is derived from the modulation source It. These connections will be readily apparent from an examination of Fig. l.

In the operation of the system the carrier Waves supplied over circuits 5 and i5 to modulator l and 2 respectively, have a phase displacement of substantially ninety degrees. tion waves supplied to the phasing networks I3 and I5 are subjected to a phase displacing operation, in both instances, so that the phase angle of the output frequencies from each phasing net- Work is greater than zero. It is an essential part of the invention that the parameters of the circuits of the phasing networks i3 and l5 are adjusted to produce respective phase displacement angles such that the difference of the outputs of the two phasing networks I3 and I5 will'be very close to ninety degrees within a comparatively wide part of the audio frequency range. This phase relationship is depicted by the dotted line The modulacurve 2l in Fig. 6. It will be noted that at ninety electrical degrees this curve departs only a slight amount from horizontal. The latitude of departure is indicated by the range 2S. The horizontal extent of the curvel within the range 2-is for an appreciable part of the audio frequency spectrum as represented by the range 2S. Therefore, in accordance with'the invention, modulated high frequency energy delivered to the lter t, with one side band suppressed is for an extensive useful part of the modulation frequency range.

Fig. Zrepresents in a generalV Way the transmission-frequency curve, a carrierv wave of frequency C having upper and lower modulation side bands representedv by the curves Si andl S2 respectively extending on opposite sides of the,

vertical line graphically representing the carrier frequency. The combined output of the modulators I and 2 includes the desired side bandy and a vestigia] side band. f In Fig. 3, this desired side band is represented by the curve SiV and the vestigial side band is represented by the? portion Si of the side band curve Si.

From Fig. 3 itvwiil be seen that cooperative action of the combined output of the modulators I and 2. produces a substantially sharp cutoi at the carrier frequency C so that all ofthe frequencies within the portion S2 of the side band Si are eliminated. Y

In accordance with the present invention the Waves are combined and operated upon iny a composite and sequential method so that not only are those frequencies immediately adjacent the carrier eliminated, but all of the frequencies appurtenant to the undesired side band are eliminated, thereby making it possible to increase the extent of the range of the desired side band. The frequencies in the range S2 and in the range Si" are delivered to the lter which has a pass range depicted by the dotted curve Sz and Sz in Fig. 1i.

The rangerepresented by the curve S2 and S2" does not include any of the frequencies within the vestigial side band Si although the curve S2 falls within the range of S2. However, the frequencies within this latter range have already been eliminated. The frequencies delivered to the load 3 will' be those frequencies represented by the curve S2 in Fig. 4'. These frequencies'will comprise a single side band, which may be of considerable extent, with sharp cut-off at the carrier frequency. All of the frequencies on the unwanted side of the carrier will have been eliminated.

Although a preferred form of carrier and single side band transmission system has been disclosed, it will be recognized by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made, as, for example, the carrier frequency itself may also be eliminated by the use of an appropriate type of modulator. Accordingly, no limitation is intended except as defined by the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and original and desire to secure by letters Patent of the United States is:

1. A modulation system comprising, a source of modulations of wide frequency range connected to two branch circuits, all-pass latticetype dephasing networks in said branch circuits for altering only the respective phase angles of the modulations therein according to different functions of their frequencies, said functions being related to each other so that the phase difference between the modulations in the respective branch circuits is substantially 90 degrees over a large portion of said modulation frequency range; a high frequency carrier source connected to both said branch circuits, means for shifting the relative carrier phase in said connections substantially 90 degrees, means for modulating the carrier in each branch circuit by the respective modulations therein, and means for combining the carriers thus modulated whereby said portion of the modulation frequency range is balanced out of one side band only.

2. A transmission system comprising, cooperating modulation circuits for producing modulated high frequency energy, means for supplying phase displaced carrier frequency energy respectively to said modulation circuits, means comprising all-pass lattice type dephasing networks for supplying to said modulation circuits modulation waves having phase angles varying with frequency but with substantially ninety degree phase difference therebetween over a predetermined range for suppressing an intermediate range of frequencies adjacent the carrier in one of the modulation side bands, and wave discrimination means having a pass range extending into said intermediate range and accommodating the frequencies in the other side band but eliminating the above said intermediate range frequencies in said one side band.

3. A transmission system comprising, a modulation source of wide frequency range having two branch circuits, a lattice type dephasing network in one branch circuit for altering the phase angle of the modulations as a function of their frequency, a second lattice type dephasing network in the other branch circuit for altering the phase angle of the modulations as a different function of their frequency, said functions being related to each other so that the phase difference between the modulations in the respective branch circuits is substantially 90 degrees over a large portion of said modulation frequency range, a high frequency carrier source connected to both said branch circuits, means in one of said connections for shifting the carrier phase substantially 90 degrees, means for modulating the carrier in each branch circuit by the respective modulations therein, means for combining the carriers thus modulated whereby a portion only of one side band is balanced out, said portion corresponding to the portion of the modulations having substantially 90 degrees phase difference as aforesaid, and means for :filtering out the modulation frequencies above said portion in said one side band whereby only the carrier and other side band containing the full range of modulation frequencies are transmitted.

RICHARD C. CURTIS.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No'. 2,15l,) |.6lp. March 2l, 1959.

' RICHARD c. CURTIS. A It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed` specification of the above numbered patent requiririg correction as follows: Page 5, second column, line 12, claim 2, strike out the word "frequencies" and insert the same before "above" in line 11, same claim; and that the said Letters Patent shouldbe read with this correction therein that the same may Conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

signed and Sealed' this 16th day of May, A. D. 1959.

Henry Van Arsdale (Seal) v AotingjCommissioner of Patents.

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